Glossary extracted starting with automatic seeds, with BOW for the domain gel and language EN

pressure unsteady	A pressure that fluctuates by 0.03" (0.76 mm) of mercury or more from the mean pressure during the period of measurement.
amortization period	The period of time for economic recovery of the net investment in a project
"hot air"	An informal term for surplus Kyoto Protocol Assigned Amount Units
polyethylene	A plastic or resin prepared by the polymerization of ethylene as essentially the sole monomer.
intrusive igneous rock	A mass of igneous rock that forms when magma from the mantle migrates upward and cools and crystallizes near, but not at, the Earth's surface
isobathytherm	A line or surface showing the depths in oceans or lakes at which points have the same temperature
joint venture	A large-scale project in which two or more parties (usually oil companies) cooperate
anvil crawler	Slang for a lightning discharge occurring within the anvil of a thunderstorm, characterized by one or more channels that appear to crawl along the underside of the anvil
river statement	A NWS product issued to communicate notable hydrologic conditions which do not involve flooding, i.e., within river bank rises, minor ice jams, etc.
oceanic ridge	A significant rise on the ocean floor, forming a long, linear ridge, often 4 km or so above the general level of the deep ocean floor
tennant creek	takes its name from the nearby watercourse named in 1860 by John McDouall Stuart in acknowledgment of the help received from John Tennant, a pastoralist from Port Lincoln, South Australia
passion pit	drive-in theatre or cinema.
gaging station	A particular site on a river, stream, canal, or body of water where systematic observations of stage and/or flow are measured.
fluorescence	An optical property of some materials: Hydrocarbons glow emitting visible light when they absorb radiation from an ultraviolet source
star cluster	a large grouping of stars, from a few dozen to a few hundred thousand, that are bound together by their mutual gravitational attraction.
redelivery	The delivery of natural gas by a pipeline to a shipper or for a shipper's account.
aquifer	Underground bed or layer yielding ground water for wells and springs.
tide	The periodic rising and falling of the earth's oceans
cone of influence	The cone of influence is the depression in the water table or potentiometric surface that is produced when a well is pumped
free service	In DSM, an incentive in the form of assistance offered by utilities, such as energy audits and maintenance of equipment such as furnace tune-up programs.
contract assignment	A mutual agreement to release or ascribe a contractual obligation from the original contractor to another party.
weight concentration ratio	The ratio of the initial weight of the feedwater to the weight of the reject water remaining at any time during the ultrafiltration process.
reformate	A high-aromatic, high-octane product made in a reformer and used to blend motor gasoline or aviation gasoline.
map scale	Ratio between the distance between two points found on a map compared to the actual distance between these points in the real world.
forest garden	Small woodlands deliberately planted with species of use to humans, such as fruit trees, herbs, vines and perennial vegetables
plastic pipe	A hollow cylinder of a plastic material in which the wall thicknesses are ususally small when compared to the diameter and in which the inside and outside walls are essentially concentric.
uncovered position	When the grantor of an options position has no cover in the underlying futures market against a price swing in the holder's favor (see delta hedging).
dissolution	The process of a substance dissolving and dispersing into a liquid.
sustained pressure test	A constant internal pressure test for an extended period of time
permeability of slowest horizon	The permeability of the slowest permeable layer of the soil
seiche	A standing wave oscillation in any enclosed lake which continues after the forcing mechanism has ceased
tenpin bowling	the game known as bowling in the US, played with 10 pins.
flat white	a coffee with milk or cream: e.g., My friend will have a cappuccino and I'll have a flat white.
fly cemetery	fruit cake or slice showing raisins or sultanas.
evaporation pan	A pan used to hold water during observations for the determination of the quantity of evaporation at a given location
lease bonus	Money paid to a landowner or other holder of mineral rights by the lessee for the execution of an oil and gas lease in addition to any rental or royalty obligations specified in the lease.
system-wide cost	Produced by rolled-in pricing
industrial relations tribunal	a body established by the Commonwealth government under the Workplace Relations Act 1996 for the management of industrial relations
offshore forecast	This marine forecast is designed to serve users who operate beyond the coastal waters where it usually requires more than a day or more of sailing to and from port
solar year	The time it takes the Earth to make one orbit around the Sun
fuel assembly	An array or assembly of individual fuel rods containing UO2, MOX or uranium metal pellets, used in commercial reactors.
gigawatt-hour	One gigawatt-hour equals one billion watthours
operating interest	A working interest owner who is also the well operator.
commissions	Payments to qualified agents of the sponsor of a limited partnership, for selling interests in it to investors
port	Opening in the seat of a slide valve in diaphragm gas meters or an opening in any equipment for the flow of gases or vapors.
backsiphonage	reverse seepage of water in a distribution system.
tidal piling	Abnormally high water levels caused by the accumulation of successive incoming tides that do not completely drain due to opposing strong winds and/or waves.
subarctic current	Same as Aleutian current.
organic sulfur	Compounds of carbon, sulfur, and hydrogen that are found in gas, such as thiophene.
attenuation	the process whereby the magnitude of a flood event is reduced by slowing, modifying, or diverting the flow of water.
ice	a solid form of water.
floe	An accumulation of frazil flocs (also known as a "pan") or a single piece of broken ice.
abare	Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics
pressure loader	Device in which the rate of gas flow controls the operation of a pressure governor or regulator.
seismograph	Instrument that measures the energy contained in seismic waves from an earthquake or other type of ground displacement.
evaporimeter	An instrument which measures the evaporation rate of water into the atmosphere.
public offering	A securities offering for sale to the general public
abandonment costs	Costs associated with the abandonment of facilities or services, including costs for the removal of facilities and restoration of the land.
feedstock	Raw material used in a processing plant.
surface water	Water that flows in streams and rivers and in natural lakes, in wetlands, and in reservoirs constructed by humans.
partly cloudy	When the predominant/average sky condition is covered 3/8 to 4/8 with opaque (not transparent) clouds
reference map	Map that shows natural and human-made objects from the geographical environment with an emphasis on location
cf	Cubic Feet Volume measurement
psychometric	Pertaining to the state of the atmosphere with reference to moisture.
give it a nudge	1
index	The published index of interest rates on a publicly traded debt security used to calculate the interest rate for an ARM
scale	A specific relative or proportional size or extent of a phenomena as measured through space and/or time.
mesonet	A regional network of observing stations (usually surface stations) designed to diagnose mesoscale weather features and their associated processes.
roll cloud	A low, horizontal tube-shaped arcus cloud associated with a thunderstorm gust front (or sometimes with a cold front)
health advisory level	a nonregulatory, health-based, chemical concentration in drinking water that results in no adverse health risks when ingested over exposure periods ranging from one day to a lifetime.
hydrostatic pressure	pressure exerted by or existing within a liquid at rest with respect to adjacent bodies.
lid	See Cap.
keogh funds	A tax-deferred retirement-savings plan for small business owners or self-employed individuals who have earned income from their trade or business
pollutant	any inorganic or organic substance that contaminates air, water or soil
evolution	(a)The change of a group of related organisms toward adaptation to the environmental conditions to which they have been exposed with the passage of time
rally	A rapid rise in a price.
estuary	the open mouth of a river, where fresh water and sea water mix.
therm	A measure of heat content
biological integrity	the ability to support and maintain balanced, integrated functionality in the natural habitat of a given region
pressure test	A pressure test run in a well, where flow is initiated followed by a shut-in period where the time rate of pressure increase is recorded after shut-in
propulsion	The act of moving an object and maintaining its motion.
ellipse	an ellipse is an oval shape
subsolar point	The location on the Earth where the Sun is directly overhead
air transportable mobile unit	A modularized transportable unit containing communications and observational equipment necessary to support a meteorologist preparing on-site forecasts at a wildfire or other incident.
peak annual flow	The largest discharge produced by a stream during a one year period.
momentum	The simple difference between the price now and the price N days ago
carboniferous	Late Paleozoic period ranging from 360 Ma to 295 Ma.
precipitable water	It measures the depth of liquid water at the surface that would result after precipitating all of the water vapor in a vertical column usually extending from the surface to 300 mb.
proved reserves	1P (proved) reserves are shown by geoscience and engineering research to have a reasonable certainty of being recoverable. There is a 90% probability that the quantities recovered will be 90% or more of what is estimated (taking into account production methods, operating conditions, prices and costs).
tidal period	Time it takes for one tidal cycle.
microorganism	Extremely small organism that can only be seen using a microscope.
leachate	water containing contaminants which leaks from a disposal site such as a landfill or dump.
wetland	area that is regularly wet or flooded and has a water table that stands at or above the land surface for at least part of the year, such as a bog, pond, fen, estuary, or marsh.
folding	The deformation of rock layers because of compressive forces to form folds.
joule-thomson effect	The cooling which occurs when a compressed gas is allowed to expand in such a way that no external work is done
snow pellets	Precipitation of white, opaque grains of ice
exit fee	A fee that is paid by a customer leaving a utility network intended to compensate the utility in whole or part for the loss of fixed cost contribution from the exiting customer.
duration curve	A cumulative frequency curve that shows the percent of time during which specified units of items (e.g
fas	Free Alongside Ship
orthophotograph	a photographic copy, normally of an aerial or orbital photograph, that has been processed to remove the effects of camera tilt and the distortion caused by perspective viewing so that all distances measured on the orthophotograph are proportional by the same factor to horizontal distances measured on the ground.
ph	a relative scale of how acidic or basic (alkaline) a material is; the scale goes from 0 to 14; 7 is neutral, acids have pH values less than 7 and bases have pH values higher than 7
reformer	The reformer processes fuel used in the Fuel Cell Assembly
gas-oil	A middle-range petroleum distillate
geodesy	The science that measures the surface features of the Earth.
short circuiting	when some of the water in tanks or basins flows faster than the rest; shortcircuiting may result in shorter contact, reaction, or settling times than calculated or presumed.
prescriptive right	rights obtained through the open and notorious adverse use of another's water rights
off-peak power	Electricity used in periods of low demand.
pulse rate	The number of times a heart beats per minute in a person's body.
giant perch	a common name for barramundi.
castor sugar	finely granulated white sugar.
heat of combustion	The heat released when a substance is completely burned in oxygen
affiliated marketer	A marketer that is owned either by a distribution or transmission company, or by a corporation that also owns a distribution or transmission company.
joint venture	A joint venture is a set of trading entities who have agreed to act in concert to share the cost and rewards of exploring for and producing oil or gas from a permit.
exothermic	That characteristic of a chemical reaction, such as fuel combustion, in which heat is liberated.
focus	see hypocenter
pleistocene	A name given to the geologic time period between about 1.6 million years and 10,000 years before the present
prevailing wind	Dominant direction that a wind blows from for a location or region.
lay-down misère	a certainty: e.g., It's a lay-down misère that he'll win this election.
levee	a natural or man-made earthen obstruction along the edge of a stream, lake, or river
horizontal drilling	The new and developing technology that makes it possible to drill a well from the surface, vertically down to a particular depth and then to turn a right angle, and continue drilling horizontally within a specified reservoir, or an interval of a reservoir.
eye of the needle	the western entrance to Bass Strait, an 84km gap between Cape Wickham on King Island and Cape Otway
plains	a general term to describe the relatively level areas of the lunar surface
draft	A difference of pressure which causes a flow of air and/or flue gases through the boiler, flue connector, breeching, flue, or chimney.
line loss	The amount of gas lost in a distribution system or pipeline
fortress queenscliff	(hist.) Australia's largest and best-preserved military fortress
treatment/refining charges	The fee paid by a miner to the smelter/refiner which upgrades the mine's concentrate output
flood stage	A gage height at which a watercouse overtops its banks and begins to cause damage to any portion of the defined reach
base-line shift	Generally refers to a naturally occurring shift of the base line of any specific curve; e.g., the SP curve
flying the australian flag	pertaining to someone's shirt-tails that are hanging out over the trousers.
soil-heat flux	The rate of flow of heat energy into, from, or through the soil.
lead	(Australian Rules football) run by full-forward out to a position where a team-mate can pass the ball to him.
oilfield services	Service companies that do work in and for the oilfield
biogeochemical cycling	Cycling of a single element, compound or chemicals by various abiotic and biotic processes through the various stores found in the biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.
gimlet	Eucalyptus salubris, a small mallet, endemic to Western Australia
total dissolved solids	The amount of salt and minerals that are suspended in water
petroglyph	An archeological term for carvings or lines cut into rock
central vent	The largest vent of a volcano, situated at the center of its cone.
valve control	A fuel-air control system that operates by means of mechanical linkage of related valves, common in industrial combustion systems.
zone of ablation	Area of a glacier where losses of ice from melting, evaporation, and sublimation exceed additions of snow annually.
boyle's law	See LAWS.
mare	a dark, level, relatively smooth part of the lunar surface (so distinct from the lunar highlands or terrae that most large mare areas on the near side are visible from Earth with the unaided eye)
olympus	In Greek mythology, the mountain that is home to the gods.
lithosphere	The outer, rigid shell of the earth that consists of continental and oceanic crust as well as approximately 80-100 kms of underlying mantle.
abandonment	The voluntary surrender of property rights, with no intention of reclaiming them and without vesting interest in another person
escarpment	A long, more or less continuous cliff or steep slope facing in one general direction; it generally marks the outcrop of a resistant layer of rocks, or the exposed plane of a fault that has moved recently.
pipeline	Underground or surface tubing or piping that is installed across states, countries and continents todeliver fuel
zenith	Point directly above your head in the night sky.
gis	Green Investment Scheme
longitude	The angular distance east or west, between the meridian of a particular place on Earth and that of the Prime Meridian (located in Greenwich, England) expressed in degrees or time.
subcooling	In the cryogenic area, e.g
saturated formation	the portion of a soil profile or geologic formation where all voids, spaces or cracks are filled with water
screwed	drunk; intoxicated.
priority date	the date of establishment of a water right
atlas	In Greek mythology, brother of Prometheus and grandfather of Hermes (Mercury)
knee-trembling	frightening; terrifying; scary.
tet	Texas Eastern Transmission pipeline.
bill of lading	Documentation legally demonstrating a cargo has been loaded
accretion	An increase in dry land by gradual deposit of waterborne, solid material and riparian land, i.e., accretion by alluvion
capital spending	Amount spent on acquisition of fixed assets (equipment and machinery) and subsidiaries during the year, less government grants received
iron age	A period of human history characterised by the by the prevalent use of iron as the material for creating cutting tools and weapons
losing stream	a stream or portion of a stream that discharges water into the groundwater, resulting in a smaller flow volume within the stream.
land entry permit	an ‘Entry Permit to Enter Aboriginal Land'
c+f	Cost and Freight
present movement	The best estimate of the movement of the center of a tropical cyclone at a given time and given position
roman	The period of Roman influence and occupation of Britain between AD43 and c.AD450
heavy water	Water in which the hydrogen atoms are the heavy hydrogen isotope, deuterium
oceanic crust	The Earth's crust which is formed at mid-oceanic ridges, typically 5 to 10 kilometers thick with a density of 3.0 grams per cubic centimeter.
ppg	Pounds per gallon (lb/GAL)
brook	a natural stream of water, smaller than a river or creek; especially a small stream that breaks directly out of the ground, as from a spring or seep.
knockout	Fractioning system for removal of such heavy
rating curve	A graph showing the relationship between the stage, usually plotted vertically (Y-axis) and the discharge, usually plotted horizontally (X-axis).
hypothesis	A tentative assumption that is made for the purpose of empirical scientific testing
materials transportation bureau	An independent office reporting to the Secretary of Transportation of the United States Government, charged with enforcing the Pipeline Safety Act
volcanic ash flow	A mixture of volcanic ash and gases that moves downhill as a density current in the atmosphere.
cattle station	a large cattle-raising establishment; ranch.
headgate	the gate that controls water flow into irrigation canals and ditches
contract area	For the purpose of FERC Form 15, the area encompassed by one or more fields under a single purchase contract but not larger than the area covered by a single supply source.
aborigines protection boards	in 1886 the administration of Aboriginal affairs was removed from the Colonial Secretary and entrusted to an Aboriginal Protection Board in each State
28.4800	20.7800
landsat	Series of satellites launched by NASA for the purpose of remotely monitoring resources on the Earth
alluvial	Pertaining to the subaerial (as opposed to submarine) environment, action and products of a stream or river on its floodplain, usually consisting of detrital clastic sediments, and distinct from subaqueous deposition such as in lakes or oceans and lower energy fluvial deposition
take or pay	A common contract term between a buyer and seller of gas in which the buyer agrees to receive a certain amount of gas or pay a penalty
fracture	A general term for any break in a rock attributable to tectonic forces, magma movement, thermal processes; glacial or erosional loading or unloading, and earth tides
give up the ghost	1
indicator organisms	microorganisms, such as coliforms, whose presence is indicative of pollution or of more harmful microorganism.
geologic structures	Features produced by deformation or displacement of the rocks, such as folds, faults, and fractures.
solution	Geologically, the action of the dissolving of rock by water or the term to describe the water that dissolves the rock
relief	The maximum regional difference in elevation.
gidga	1
polar high	Surface area of atmospheric high pressure located at about 90° North and South latitude
muli	Lifted Index (LI) calculated using a parcel from the pressure level that results in the Most Unstable value (lowest value) of LI possible
flash flood	A rapid and short-lived increase in the amount of runoff water entering a stream resulting in a flood.
average service life	See SERVICE LIFE.
doe	Designated Operational Entity (in context of CDM): An independent company accredited to validate and verify emissions reductions at a CDM or JI project.
integrated gasification combined cycle	A system to convert coal to clean combustible gas which fuels a combustible turbine generator.
cave pearl	Aspeleothem consisting of concentric layers of calcite usually formed in pools of water
ph	A scale from 1 - 14 that measures how acidic or basic (alkaline) a substance is.
open access	The non-discriminatory access to interstate pipeline transportation services.
market potential	In DSM, an estimate of the possible energy savings that would occur because of normal market forces, without the implementation of a DSM program
reduction	the measures taken to minimise negative landscape and visual effects that cannot be avoided
siberian high	High pressure system that develops in winter over northern central Asia.
indigenous forest [lcdb2 classification]	Vegetation dominated by indigenous tall forest canopy species e.g., Kauri (Agathis australis), Beech (Nothofagus), Kahikatea (Dacrycarpus dacrydioides), Rata (Metrosideros umbellata), Rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum).
aquifer vulnerability	A measure of how vulnerable an aquifer is to contamination.
psychrometric table	Table of values that allows for the determination of relative humidity and dew point from dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures recorded on a psychrometer.
spud	with respect to a well, means the commencement of actual drilling of the well’s surface casing hole using a cable tool or rotary drilling rig, but does not include activities to prepare a site for drilling the well, including the installing of conductor pipe.
telly	television.
bullish	Believing that a price is going to rise.
authorization for expenditure	An estimate of the costs of drilling and completing a proposed well, which the operator provides to each working interest owner before the well is commenced.
dehydration	The process of removing liquids and moisture content from gas or other matter.
eora country	central Sydney, at it is sometimes called in reference to its earliest known inhabitants, the Eora people.
net rainfall	The portion of rainfall which reaches a stream channel or the concentration point as direct surface flow.
density	The mass or weight of a substance per unit volume
process gas	Gas use for which alternate fuels are not technically feasible, such as in applications requiring precise temperature controls and precise flame characteristics.
lennard river	drains the inland ranges before undergoing a name change to the Meda River and flowing across vast alluvial floodplains
diamond bit	A drill bit that has small industrial diamonds embedded in its cutting surface.
back-in interest	A type of interest in a well or property that becomes effective at a specified time in the future, or on the occurrence of a specified future event.
bed thickness	(1) True bed thickness is the thickness of the stratigraphic unit measured along a line normal to the direction of extension of the unit
carpetbag steak	dish that was first popularised in Sydney
willy-willy	In Australia, a dust devil.
law of basin areas	Morphometric relationship observed in the mean basin area size of stream segments of a particular classification order in stream channel branching
immigrant species	Species that migrate into an ecosystem or that are deliberately or accidentally introduced into an ecosystem by humans
water efficiency	Replacing older technologies and practices in order to accomplish the same results with less water, for example, by replacing toilets with new low water using models and by installing "smart controllers" in irrigated areas.
radiant energy	Energy in the form of electromagnetic waves and photons
cheimatophobia	The fear of cold
loess	Nonstratified sediment composed of silt-sized particles deposited by the wind
cap gas	Natural gas trapped in the upper part of a reservoir and remaining separate from any crude oil, salt water or other liquids in the well.
divide	The topographic ridge that separates drainage basins.
interception	Is the capture of precipitation by the plant canopy and its subsequent return to the atmosphere through evaporation or sublimation
contact recreation	activities involving a significant risk of ingestion of water, such as wading by children, swimming, water skiing, diving and surfing
tva	Tennessee Valley Authority.
faulting	The processes by which rocks fracture under stress, and move relative to rocks on the other side of a fracture.
local storm report	A product issued by local NWS offices to inform users of reports of severe and/or significant weather-related events.
trash rack	A screen located at an intake to prevent debris from entering.
hardness	a characteristic of water determined by the levels of calcium and magnesium
pliocene epoch	The interval of geologic time between approximately 5.3 and 1.6 million years ago.
water supply system	The collection, treatment, storage, and distribution of potable water from source to consumer.
straight run	Material which has come straight from an atmospheric distillation unit and has not been cracked or reformed, and which is usually used as a feedstock or as a utility fuel.
indexing	Tying the commodity price in a contract to other published prices, such as spot prices for gas or alternate fuels, or general indexes like the Consumer Price Index or Producer Price Index.
validation	comparison of computer model results with a set of data that were not used for calibration.
volcanic ash	A volcanic sediment of rock fragments, usually glass, less than 4 millimeters in diameter that is formed when escaping gases force out a fine spray of magma.
valmeyer	The Valmeyeran Series is named for Valmeyer, Monroe County, near which much of the series is exposed
seepage	percolation of water through the soil from unlined canals, ditches, laterals, watercourses, or water storage facilities.
mopag	Mean of Platts AG
blanket transportation certificate	A certificate that allows a pipeline to undertake individual transportation transactions without prior FERC approval
dirty power	Momentary disturbances in transmission, usually detectable only by sensitive electronic equipment.
thermal highs	Areas of high pressure that are shallow in vertical extent and are produced primarily by cold surface temperatures.
farmout agreement	An arrangement in which the responsibility of exploration and development is shifted (by assignment) from the working interest owner to another party
acid rain	precipitation that has a low pH (here, low pH is defined as anything less than 5.6)
hodge-podge	jumble; muddle; conglomeration; miscellany.
surcharge capacity	The volume of a reservoir between the maximum water surface elevation for which the dam is designed and the crest of an uncontrolled spillway, or the normal full-pool elevation of the reservoir with the crest gates in the normal closed position.
left mover	A thunderstorm which moves to the left relative to the steering winds, and to other nearby thunderstorms; often the northern part of a splitting storm
transmissivity	Rate at which water is transmitted through a unit width of an aquifer under a unit hydraulic gradient
cloud tags	Ragged, detached cloud fragments; fractus or scud.
roustabout	A member of the drilling crew who helps bring supplies and equipment to the rig.
intangible flood damage	Estimates of the damage done by disruption of business, danger to health, shock, and loss of life and in general all costs not directly measurable which require a large element of judgment for estimating.
base tariff rate	The effective rate on file with the Commission, excluding adjustments
send to coventry	refuse to associate with or speak to a person.
authorization bill	Legislation to establish or continue the legal operation of a Federal program or agency, or to sanction a particular type of obligation or expenditure
insulation	A material having a relatively high resistance to heat transfer.
meteorite	A fragment of rock or metal that has landed on the Earth from interplanetary space
glover's catfish	a rare species of eel-tailed catfish found only within a restricted range of South Australia
lurgi process	A coal gasification process which produces gas through the controlled reaction of coal and oxygen in the presence of excess steam in a reactor.
squall line	A line or narrow band of active thunderstorms
mboepd	Thousand Barrels of Oil Equivalents Per Day
cross-connection	any actual or potential connection between a drinking water system and an unapproved water supply or other source of contamination.
bathymetric	related to the measurement of water depth within a water body.
point-of-use treatment	treatment of water at the point it is used
infrared radiation	Form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 0.7 and 100 micrometers (µm)
hsa	A geographical area assigned to Weather Service Forecast Office's/Weather Forecast Office's that embraces one or more rivers.
credit report	A document used by the credit industry to examine an individual's use of credit
surface water	water that flows in streams and rivers and in natural lakes, in wetlands, and in reservoirs constructed by humans.
rankine vortex	An idealized vortex in unbounded fluid with uniform vorticity inside a circular patch and zero vorticity outside.
subduction	The process of the edge of one crustal plate descending beneath the edge of another.
mid-oceanic ridge	Chain of submarine mountains where oceanic crust is created from rising magma plumes and volcanic activity
catalytic cracking	The decomposition or breaking down of oil or hydrocarbons through the action of a catalyst and heat.
biological diversity	Variety of living organisms at all levels, from genes to species, populations and communities, including the variety and hierarchy of habitats and ecosystems that contain different biological communities.
wind couplet	It is an area on the radar display where you have two maximum wind speeds which are blowing in opposite directions.
loess	A blanket deposit of silt-sized materials; usually carried by wind from dry river beds or outwash plains during glacial and post-glacial periods.
service value	The difference between original cost and net salvage value of utility plant.
movement	A term used in geography that deals with the migration, transport, communication, and interaction of natural and human-made phenomena across the spatial dimension.
gpm	gallons per minute
incremental cost	The additional costs incurred from the production or delivery of an additional number of units of gas, usually the minimum capacity or production that can be added
hydrologic unit	is a geographic area representing part or all of a surface drainage basin or distinct hydrologic feature.
manning's roughness	a coefficient in Manning's equation that accounts for energy loss due to the friction between the channel and the water
"as is"	Selling a property without warranties as to the condition and/or the fitness of the property for a particular use
lifo	Last-in, first out method of inventory valuation in which the earliest acquired inventory is assumed to be still on hand; the most recently acquired is assumed to be sold first.
barmah	a small town on the Murray River, best-known as the gateway to the Barmah State Forest
$.319015	Second Quarter
kolmogorov scale	Length scale of turbulent motion below which the effects of molecular viscosity are non-negligible
bell joint clamp	A sealing device attached at the joint of bell-and-spigot pipe to prevent leakage.
extinction	complete disappearance of a species because of failure to adapt to environmental change.
tree crops	The growing of trees for fruit and/or nut production.
pearl perch	Glaucosoma scapulare can be easily recognised by the bone that projects as a blue-black-to grey bony shield from under the upper operculum
measured stratigraphic section	Recorded description of a rock outcrop, usually depicted with a graphic column
base load capacity	The generation units normally used to meet demand around-the-clock.
curtailment	Curtailment of gas service is a method to balance a utility's natural gas requirements with its natural gas supply
cleavage	The breaking of a mineral along its crystallographic planes, mirroring crystal structure
one-tailed statistical test	Is an inferential statistical test where the values for which one can reject the null hypothesis are located entirely in one side of the center of the probability distribution.
mckinley	LOCATIONS
flowing well	A well capable of producing oil or gas by its own energy without the aid of a mechanical pump
offset well	Well location adjoining another well site
disinfection	the killing of the larger portion of the harmful and objectionable bacteria in the sewage
bog	A location where the ground is saturated with water, often found in areas where peat is prominent.
foliation	A planar arrangement of textural or structural features, especially that which results from the flattening of the constituent grains of metamorphic rocks.
coke	A porous, solid residue resulting from the incomplete combustion of coal heated in a closed chamber, or oven, with a limited supply of air
acid rain	Abnormally acidic rainfall, most often containing dilute concentrations of sulfuric acid or nitric acid.
water balance	a measure of the amount of water entering and the amount of water leaving a system
peeved	irritated; annoyed.
firn line	The highest level to which the fresh snow on a glacier's surface retreats during the melting season
alienation	The voluntary transfer of real property from one person to another
groundwater runoff	the portion of runoff which has passed into the ground, has become ground water, and has been discharged into a stream channel as spring or seepage water.
recharge area	The part of a flow system where precipitation percolates downward.
turbulent flow	Movement of water within a stream that occurs as discrete eddies and vortices
sector visibility	The visibility in a specific direction that represents at least a 45° arc of a horizontal circle.
tear into	1
tolling arrangement	An arrangement whereby a party moves fuel to a power generator and receives kilowatt hours (kWh) in return for a pre-established fee.
it's a worry	it's a problem/difficulty/something one doesn't like doing or is concerned about.
oil battery	A system or arrangement of tanks or other surface equipment or devices receiving the effluent of one or more wells for the purpose of separation and measurement prior to the delivery to market or other disposition.
risk premium	A method to determine the cost of common equity component of return using the bond yield plus a risk premium based on selected stock market yields to bond yields
neutral solution	Any water solution that is neutral (pH approximately 7) or has an equal quantity of hydrogen ions (H+) than hydroxide ions (OH-)
snow shower	It is a moderate snowfall of short duration
band	See frequency band.
benefit/cost analysis	a process of evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of a proposed purchase or project
estimator	An estimator is any value calculated from the sample data For example, the sample mean is an estimator of the population mean.
protein	Organic substances primarily composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and some other minor elements which are arranged in about 20 different compounds known as amino acids
rod	A graduated staff used in determining the difference in elevation between two points
pack	See LINE PACK.
displacement	The substitution of less expensive energy generation for more expensive generation
collateral	Property which is pledged as security for a debt
dripstone	Secondary mineralization in caves formed by dripping water, as opposed to flowing water (see flowstone)
dune field	An extensive region covered by numerous sand dunes.
penetration rate	The annual rate at which a DSM measure is implemented, as a percentage of the measure's technical potential.
secular trends	The non-periodic tendency of sea level to rise, fall, and/or remain stationary with time
ecology	The scientific study of the relationships between living organisms such as plants and animals and their natural environment.
wsr-74	A NWS Weather Surveillance Radar designed in 1974
cross subsidization	Practice of charging one customer class with rates that are higher than the cost of service for that class, thus allowing another class to be charged rates that are lower than the respective cost of service for that class.
polarization radar	A radar which takes advantage of ways in which the transmitted waves' polarization affect the backscattering
cross plot	A plot of one parameter versus another.
reach	The distance between two specific points outlining that portion of the stream, or river for which the forecast applies
seabed	Storage is usually at a considerable depth of thousands of metres within the strata beneath the bottom of the sea.
nitrogen purge	To purge piping or other container with an inert agent such as nitrogen to remove combustible gases and minimize the possibility of fire or explosion.
mean high water	The average of all high water heights observed over a period.
bomb	Fragments of molten or semi-molten rock several inches to several feet in diameter which are blown out during an explosive volcanic eruption
lashings of splosh	wealthy; a lot of money.
volatile organic compounds	VOCs are organic compounds which have a low boiling point, causing them to partition readily into the vapour phase
lpg	See LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS.
curvature	The reciprocal of the radius of a circle; the rate of change in the deviation of a given arc from any tangent to it.
isostatic rebound	The upward movement of the Earth's crust following isostatic depression.
continental shelf break	Boundary zone between the continental shelf and slope.
power combustion furnaces	Furnaces that have a combustion blower, which may be located either upstream or downstream from the heat exchangers
kilowatt	One kilowatt equals 1000 watts
injection molding	The process of forming a material by forcing it, under pressure, from a heated cylinder through a sprue (runner, gate) into the cavity of a closed mold
alternating current distribution	The supply of electricity from one or more major receiving stations to the point of consumption
autogenic recharge	recharge that occurs by falling directly on an aquifer's outcrop at the surface
lithosphere	The solid outer shell of the earth consisting of the earth's crust and solid upper mantle.
give curry	1
swaps contract	Agreement between two parties whereby a notional amount is exchanged between two parties
laver's hill	a tiny resort of about 250 people situated on a hilltop in the Gippsland region of Victoria
cratering or sloughin	When the walls of a hole cave in
angular	Unconformity A surface that separates younger strata from eroded, dipping, older strata and represents a gap in the geologic record.
feeder bands	Lines or bands of low-level clouds that move (feed) into the updraft region of a thunderstorm, usually from the east through south (i.e., parallel to the inflow)
paper hearing	A procedure established by the Commission designed to permit the full development of a record for Commission decision, without the need for full adjudication before an Administrative Law Judge
hydrometer	an instrument used to measure the density of a liquid.
columnar section	A graphic representation, in the form of one or more vertical column(s), of the vertical succession and stratigraphic relations of rock units in a region.
processing	Processing of saleable product from hydrocarbons sourced from oil wells and gas wells.
hit-and-giggle	social game of tennis, especially among women.
undulating	One of the five slope phases to which all soils were assigned (see Slope phase); land with a slope of 4–7°.
planning policy guidance	Planning Policy Guidance notes set out the UK Government's national policies on different aspects of planning
hydraulic fill dam	A dam constructed of materials, often dredged, that are conveyed and placed by suspension in flowing water.
wetting and drying	Physical weathering process where rocks are mechanically disintegrated by the accumulation of successive layers of water molecules in between the mineral grains of a rock
dormitory village	A community that is primarily residential and from which most of the workforce commute out to earn their living
warranties	Written guarantees of the quality of a product and the promise to repair or replace defective parts free of charge.
dollar-years	The aggregate years of service for plant dollars during the life of the plant
contaminant	Solute which, through human action, intrudes into the hydrologic cycle.
geothermal	Pertaining to temperatures in the earth, ground, or crust of the earth
scud	Small, ragged, low cloud fragments that are unattached to a larger cloud base and often seen with and behind cold fronts and thunderstorm gust fronts
creek	a small stream of water which serves as the natural drainage course for a drainage basin
oxygen	An element consisting of atoms with eight protons
hook or hook echo	A pendant or hook on the right rear of a radar echo that often identifies mesocyclones on the radar display
appea	Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association
environmental impact statement	a document that analyzes the effects of major federal projects on the environment
extrusive igneous rock	Igneous rock that forms on the surface of the Earth
hydropneumatic	a water delivery system, usually small, that maintains water pressure in the distribution system by means of pressure in a compressed air tank.
plucking	Erosive process of particle detachment by moving glacial ice
petrol	gasoline.
cloud height	The height of the base of a cloud or cloud layer above the surface of the earth.
vadose zone	See unsaturated zone.
fission	The splitting of a heavy nucleus into two (occasionally three) parts following neutron capture, accompanied by the release of energy, two or more neutrons, and radiation
evaporation	The process by which water is changed from a liquid or solid to a vapor at a temperature below the boiling point.
dipstick	someone deficient in intelligence and personality.
tassy	Tasmania.
heat gain	The amount of heat gained by a space from all sources, including people, lights, machines, sunshine, etc.
middle distillates	A term broadly applied to hydrocarbons in the so-called "middle range" of refinery distillation
bond issue	a means of raising large amounts of money for major projects by selling bonds
pooling or land pooling	A legal process that allows exploration and production companies to compel unwilling land and mineral rights holders to lease or sell their land and/or mineral rights for exploration, drilling, or pipeline installation if enough of their neighbors have already agreed
solvent cementing	Joining pipe by the use of a solvent which dissolves the surface of the pipe and forms a continuous bond upon evaporation.
devils-on-the-coals	(see: beggars-in-the-pan).
salinity	Concentration of dissolved salts found in a sample of water
recharge area	An area where water infiltrates into the ground and joins the zone of saturation
stream order	The relative position, or rank, of a stream channel segment in a drainage network.
generation	The process of producing electricity by transforming other forms of energy such as steam, heat or falling water
brackish	water containing too much salt to be useful to people but less salt than ocean water
tipping-bucket rain gage	A precipitation gage where collected water is funneled into a two compartment bucket; 0.01", 0.1 mm, or some other designed quantity of rain will fill one compartment and overbalance the bucket so that it tips, emptying into a reservoir and moving the second compartment into place beneath the funnel
regassification point	A plant the accepts deliveries of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and processes it back to gaseous form for injection into the pipeline system.
sandstorm	Particles of sand carried aloft by strong wind
anomalous propagation	Radio wave propagation that occurs due to non-standard atmospheric conditions
tropical weather discussion	These messages are issued 4 times daily by the Tropical Analysis and Forecast Branch (TAFB) to describe significant synoptic weather features in the tropics
soil erosion	the processes by which soil is removed from one place by forces such as wind, water, waves, glaciers, and construction activity and eventually deposited at some new place.
absolute majority	in Parliament, 50% plus one of the total formal votes cast.
landman	The person who secures leases and handles damages for oil and gas companies who are drilling new wells or laying pipelines.
dicky-bird	bird (particularly in children's speech).
fertile material	In nuclear technology, a term describing a substance that is not capable of sustaining a chain reaction, but which can be converted into a fissionable material in a nuclear reactor.
u.s. geological survey	The Federal Agency chartered in 1879 by congress to classify public lands, and to examine the geologic structure, mineral resources, and products of the national domain
aquitard	A geological formation that may contain ground water but is not capable of transmitting significant quantities of it under normal hydraulic gradients.
index of wetness	The ratio of precipitation for a given year over the mean annual precipitation.
alquist-priolo act	Zoning act passed in 1972 -- in response to the 1971 San Fernando earthquake to prevent building across the traces of active faults
sheet flow	Flow that occurs overland in places where there are no defined channels, the flood water spreads out over a large area at a uniform depth
geothermal energy	Energy produced from subterranean heat.
peanut tree	Sterculia quadrifida, a deciduous tree to 12m, found around the edges of monsoon vine forests and in coastal areas across northern Australia
spot market	A short-term contract (typically 30 days) for the sale or purchase of a specified quantity of oil or gas at a specified price.
relative humidity	See HUMIDITY, RELATIVE.
metamorphism	A process where rocks are recrystallized by heat and pressure in the earth's crust
transit	the passage of a celestial body across an observer's meridian; also the passage of a celestial body across the disk of a larger one.
standard metering base	Standard conditions, plus agreed corrections, to which gas volume are corrected for purposes of comparison and payment.
exchange agreement	An agreement between two parties which defines the terms and conditions for the exchange of gas and title transfer.
dingo's breakfast	nothing at all.
give larry dooley	harass or annoy someone.
li	An acronym for Lifted Index.
transportation level	The transportation for others (TFO) volumes being applied to the cost of service to develop rates
mixed gas	Fuel gas in which natural or LP gas is mixed with manufactured gas.
out of court	1
persistence study	A study to assess changes in DSM program load impacts over time
pipeline capacity	The maximum quantity of gas that can be moved through a pipeline system at any given time based on existing service conditions such as available horsepower, pipeline diameter(s), maintenance schedules, regional demand for natural gas, etc.
quick burst	The internal pressure required to cause failure of a pipe or fitting due to an internal pressure buildup, usually within 60 to 70 seconds.
public interest	Usually intended to mean the interest of the public generally as opposed to the interest of an individual or company.
heterogenic aquifer	an aquifer that has a variety of forms or characteristics, such as differering permeabilities
clean development mechanism	A UN scheme set up under the Kyoto Protocol to allow industrialized countries to invest in greenhouse gas emissions reduction projects in developing countries in return for tradable offset credits (CERs).
physiography	Description of the natural physical features (landforms) of the earth.
stress-rupture test	Method of testing plastic pipe to determine the hydrostatic strength by applying a constant internal pressure and observing time to failure.
face	The external surface of a structure, such as the surface of a dam.
contract imbalance quantity	The cumulative difference between all quantities of gas received and quantities of gas delivered for a contract from inception through the most current billing period.
artesian aquifer	See confined aquifer
aeration zone	A portion of the lithosphere in which the functional interstices of permeable rock or earth are not filled with water under hydrostatic pressure
support	A price at which buyers are likely to start buying in a downtrend.
held by production	An oil and gas property under lease because it is currently producing on that property is considered "held by production".
ww	Severe Thunderstorm Watch or Tornado Watch.
underwriting	The process a lender uses to determine loan approval
perfluorocarbon tracer technology	The use of tracer elements to measure the air infiltration rates within residential and commercial buildings
flash flood table	A table of pre-computed forecast crest stage values for small streams for a variety of antecedent moisture conditions and rain amounts
warm front	A front that moves in such a way that warm air replaces cold air.
out here	in Australia: e.g., How long have you been out here?
service company	A company that provides a specialized service, such as a well-logging service or a directional drilling service.
coastline	LONGSHORE TRANSPORT RATE: Rate of transport of sedimentary material parallel to the SHORE
refugia	Pieces of wood, metal, plastic or fabric beneath which snakes and slow worms can hide.
inhibition model of succession	This model of succession suggests that the change in plant species dominance over time is caused by death and small scale disturbances and variations is plant species longevity and ability to disperse
double-breasted buying	A practice that pipelines are sometimes accused of employing-buying large packages of gas, and deciding later whether its marketing subsidiary bought it for system supply, or whether its marketing subsidiary bought it for resale on the spot market
ice shelf	Large flat layer of ice that extends from the edge of the Antarctic ice cap into the Antarctic Ocean
claystone	A sedimentary rock in which more than 50 percent of the particles are less than 0.00015 inches in diameter
fifo	First-in, first-out method of inventory valuation by which the earliest-acquired natural gas in storage is assumed to be sold first and the most recently acquired is assumed to be still on hand.
break out	To unscrew one section of pipe from another section, especially drill pipe while it is being withdrawn from the wellbore.
rain induced fog	When warm rain falls through cooler air, water evaporates from the warm rain
pressure melting point	Temperature at which minerals deep within the Earth and ice below the surface of a glacier are caused to melt because of the introduction of pressure.
hydrogeology	The science that deals with subsurface waters and geologic aspects of surface waters.
hardpan	a shallow layer of earth material which has become relatively hard and impermeable, usually through the deposition of minerals
duct system	A series of ducts, elbows, and connectors to convey air, or other gas at low pressure, from one location to another.
tournaisian	Early Carboniferous ranging from 360 Ma to 350 Ma.
working capital	Money necessarily invested in the business to carry on the day-to-day operations
indigenous protected area	(IPA) national parks, nature reserves and marine parks that are entrusted to, or jointly managed by, the traditional owners of an area
delmarva	An acronym for Delaware/Maryland/Virginia.
degradation	the wearing down and general lowering of an area or a feature by any process of weathering and erosion.
coastal flood warning	This National Weather Service product alerts residents along the Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf Coasts that coastal flooding is either imminent or occurring.
area-capacity curve	A graph showing the relation between the surface area of the water in a reservoir, the corresponding volume,and elevation.
contract depth	Depth that well must be drilled to fulfill the contract
re-enrichment	Enrichment of uranium previously enriched or depleted.
water table	The surface in a porous medium on which fluid pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure.
avoided cost	The incremental cost that a utility would incur to purchase or produce an amount of gas equivalent to that saved by a DSM measure
atomize	To reduce a liquid to a fine spray or mist.
variable star	a star that fluctuates in brightness
high wind warning	This product is issued by local National Weather Service Forecast Offices when high wind speeds may pose a hazard or is life threatening
igneous rock	A rock or mineral that has crystallized from molten material, such as from a lava flow or from the magma below the Earth's surface
give one	give (someone) a punch, hit: e.g., I'll give him one next time I see him!
1	43,905,548
boston box	A square box installed flush with the pavement.
annex ii parties	The OECD members of Annex I, minus the EIT parties, which agreed to pay developing (non-Annex I) countries for climate change adaptation.
lake [lcdb2 classification]	Areas of permanently or intermittently, standing open fresh water without emerging vegetation (lacustrine systems).
viscosity	Resistance of a fluid to flow
captain cook's landing place	site of the earliest landing by a European explorer on the east coast of Australia
hydrogen	A colorless, odorless, highly flammable gas used in hydrogenation of petroleum and for producing ammonia
toolpusher	An employee of a drilling contractor who is in charge of the entire drilling crew and the drilling rig
appraisal drilling	Wells drilled in the vicinity of a discovery or wildcat well in order to evaluate the extent and the importance of the find.
csa	Canadian Standards Association.
gibber	1
demand	In power: the rate at which electricity is delivered to or by a system at a given instant or averaged over a designated period, usually expressed in kilowatts or megawatts
unstable atmosphere	Condition in the atmosphere where isolated air parcels have a tendency to rise
glaze in	enclose (a building, a window frame, etc) with glass.
global warming	An overall increase in world temperatures which may be caused by additional heat being trapped by greenhouse gases.
dip in	help financially; donate money towards.
charles' law	See LAWS.
stability index	The overall stability or instability of a sounding is sometimes conveniently expressed in the form of a single numerical value
wildlands	Any non-urbanized land not under extensive agricultural cultivation, e.g., forests, grasslands, rangelands.
mmscf/d	Million standard cubic feet (of gas) per day
school-ship	a training-ship.
baseflow	The component of flow in streams that comes from groundwater discharge.
wet-bulb zero	The height where the wet-bulb temperature goes below 0°F
iwaidja	an Aboriginal people and language, still spoken by around 200 people but under increasing threat from English
farminee	A farminee earns a percentage interest in an oil and gas permit by helping the company that holds the permit to deliver the work program required by permit.
tight gas	Natural gas found in reservoirs with low porosity and low permeability
logs	The result of surveys which gather information from the wellbore and surrounding formations which typically consist of traces and curves
scraper	A device used to clean deposits of paraffin or other foreign substances from tubing or flow lines
pulse width	The time occupied by an individual pulse broadcast from a radar.
law of stream lengths	Morphometric relationship observed in the cumulative size of stream segment lengths in stream channel branching
anaerobic	Describes a microorganism that can survive without free oxygen.
carbonate	Compound consisting of a single atom of carbon and three atoms of oxygen
inhibitor	A chemical agent which slows or reduces chemical action
heating degree day	see Degree Day.
centralizer	A device which positions the logging tool in the centre or near centre of the well bore
flummoxed	bewildered or confused: a sudden but temporary condition: e.g., I was flummoxed by my mother-in-law's unannounced arrival.
contango	Market situation where prices are higher for forward delivery dates than for nearer delivery dates
accumulated provision for depletion	The net accumulated credit resulting from offsetting charges to income for the pro-rata cost of extracted depletable natural resources such as coal, gas, oil, etc.
snow depth	The combined total depth of both the old and new snow on the ground.
heat balance	The accounting of the energy output and losses from a system to equal the energy input.
evaporite	A sediment resulting from the evaporation of saline water.
fastline	The end of the drilling line that is affixed to the drum or reel of the draw-works, so called because it travels with greater velocity than any other portion of the line.
oort cloud	A spherical cloud of trillions of comets extending about halfway to the nearest stars and weakly bound by the Sun's gravity
migration	Natural movement of oil or gas within or out of a formation
atmospheric pollution	See POLLUTION, ATMOSPHERIC.
acceleration clause	Condition in a mortgage that may require the balance of the loan to become due immediately, if regular mortgage payments are not made or for breach of other conditions of the mortgage
vacuum	A pressure less than atmospheric pressure, measured either from the base of zero pressure or from the base of atmospheric pressure.
occluded mesocyclone	A mesocyclone in which air from the rear-flank downdraft has completely enveloped the circulation at low levels, cutting off the inflow of warm unstable low-level air.
normal distribution	A common probability distribution displayed by population data
economy energy	Energy sold on a non-firm basis and subject to recall at the discretion of the selling party.
straightening vanes	Round, square, or other shaped tubing installed axially inside the piping preceding an orifice or turbine meter to eliminate swirls and cross-currents set up by the pipe fittings and valves
draft regulator	A device which functions to maintain a desired draft in the appliance by automatically reducing the draft to the desired value.
magma	Melted rock located deep below the surface of a planet, such as Earth, or a moon.
permanent monument	Fixed monuments placed away from the dam which allow movements in horizontal and vertical control points on the dam to be monitored by using accurate survey procedures.
daylight saving time	A time used during the summer in some localities in which clocks are advanced 1 hour from the usual standard time.
remand	return (a prisoner) to custody, especially to allow further inquiries to be made.
initial displacement	Change in water level (rise or fall) measured from static position in the control well at start of a slug test
polyolefin	A polymer prepared by the polymerization (copolymerization) of olefin(s) as the sole monomer(s).
lahar	A very rapid type of downslope mass movement that involving mudflows from volcanic ash.
recharge	water added to an aquifer or the process of adding water to an aquifer
bacteria	any of a number of one-celled organisms, some of which cause disease
indirect oven thermostat system	A control system of two or more integrated automatic devices to maintain a selected oven temperature
hydrometer	An instrument that measures the specific gravity of liquids.
shore	The land area bordering a relatively large water body like a lake or ocean.
distillation	the separation of different substances in a solution by boiling off those of a lower boiling point first
phenols	organic compounds that are byproducts of petroleum refining; tanning; and textile, dye, and resin manufacturing
driller	Employee directly in charge of a particular crew, as opposed to a tool pusher, who is in charge of all the crews on a rig.Operation of drilling and hoisting equipment constitutes the driller’s main duties
jovian	Of or relating to the planet Jupiter.
maximum contaminant levels	highest level of a contaminant in drinking water that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has determined will not endanger human health over a lifetime of exposure
barrage	a construction across the mouth of a river that prevents the entry of seawater
tsunami	A Japanese word made up from two characters
albedo	a measure of the reflectivity of a surface; using the Moon as an example, the ratio of sunlight reflected from the Moon to that reaching it.
tolling fee	A fee paid for use of electric generation assets used to convert fuel to power.
unit hydrograph theory	Unit Hydrograph Theory states that surface runoff hydrographs for storm events of the same duration will have the same shape, and the ordinates of the hydrograph will be proportional to the ordinates of the unit hydrograph
impervious	the quality or state of being impermeable; resisting penetration by water or plant roots
mercator projection	Map projection system that presents true compass direction
bayhead beach	An extensive deposit of sand and/or gravel in the form of a beach at the back of a bay.
leaching	The removal of dissolved materials from the soil by water.
theoretical air requirements	Volume of air necessary to insure the complete combustion of unit mass or volume of a fuel.
sustainable management	method of exploiting a resource that can be carried on indefinitely
magnitude	The degree of brightness of a star or other object in the sky according to a scale on which the brightest star has a magnitude -1.4 and the faintest visible star has magnitude 6
boiler efficiency	The ratio of the useful heat output to the heat input, multiplied by 100 and expressed in percent.
bidder`s choice	A method of sale whereby the successful high bidder wins the right to choose a property or properties from a grouping of similar or like-kind properties
axis	also known as the poles, this is an imaginary line through the center of rotation of an object.
ion	An atom, molecule or compound that carries either a positive (cation) or negative (anion) electrical charge.
inches of runoff	The volume of water from runoff of a given depth over the entire drainage basin.
erosion	The removal of weathered sediment or rocks by the forces of wind, water, and ice.
surface water	Water found at the earth's surface, usually in streams or lakes.
cubic foot of water	the amount of water needed to fill a cube that is one foot on all sides; about 7.5 gallons
eddy	A small rotating area of water.
subrefraction	The bending of the radar beam in the vertical which is less than under standard refractive conditions
btu per cubic foot	A measure of the heat available or released when one cubic foot of gas is burned.
sheeting	A form of physical weathering of rock where surface sheets of material fracture and exfoliate because of pressure release
dry slot	A zone of dry (and relatively cloud-free) air which wraps east or northeast into the southern and eastern parts of a synoptic scale or mesoscale low pressure system
baseboard radiator	A heat disseminating unit located at the lower perimeter of a room
bankfull stage	An established river stage at a certain point along a river which is intended to represent the maximum safe water level which will not overflow the river banks or cause any significant damage within the reach of the river.
guaranteed payments	- Payments by a partnership to one or more of its partners for services rendered.
algal bloom	A rapid increase in the amount of algae in a water body such as a pond or river
detritus food chain	Model describing the conversion of organic energy in a community or ecosystem into inorganic elements and compounds through decomposition
reserve rates	Rates used internally by the company to adjust the rates billed and subject to refund to an estimate of the final or settled rate
adhesion	the molecular attraction asserted between the surfaces of bodies in contact
saturation mixing ratio	Mass of water vapor that a kilogram of dry air can hold at saturation
flowstone	Speleothems formed by flowing water
bar hole	Small diameter hole made in the ground in the vicinity of gas piping for the purpose of extracting a sample of the ground atmosphere for analysis such as when searching for leaks.
cambrian	The earliest period of the Paleozoic, thought to have covered the span of time between 543 and 490 million years ago; also, the corresponding system of rocks
extract the digit	stop being lazy, idle and start work; work harder and with more perseverance.
hot spot	A volcanic area on the surface of the Earth created by a rising plume of magma.
sec	The Securities and Exchange Commission.
driftless area	A 10,000-square-mile area in northeastern Iowa, southwestern Wisconsin, and northwestern Illinois where the absence of glacial drift suggests that the area may not have been glaciated.
horticultural use	The growing of crops, excluding berry fruit, vines and orchard crops, for the fresh fruit and vegetable market and intended to be consumed fresh.
bubble flow	A flow regime in which relatively uniform bubbles of gas or oil, approximately homogeneously distributed, flow upward through oil or water at a constant rate
purification	The process by which unwanted impurities, such as hydrogen sulfide, are removed from a gas mixture
epoch	Geologic time unit that is shorter than a period.
chemical grade	Refers to a particular grade of polypropylene with around 93-94% purity.
soil	HURRICANE: A cyclonic storm, usually of tropic origin, covering an extensive area, and containing winds in excess of 75 miles per hour.
water density	The maximum density of water is reached at 39°F (4°C)
net smelter return	The interest in a mining property held by the vendor on the net revenues generated by the sale of the metal produced by the mine.
dedicated gas reserves	Gas reserves dedicated to a natural gas pipeline company by contract
front-end engineering and design	The stage where the detailed design and environmental work is done so that a project developer can make a
modeling	Investigative technique that uses a mathematical or physical representation of a system or theory that accounts for all or some of its known properties
open slather	1
contamination	the introduction into water of sewage or other foreign matter that will render the water unfit for its intended use.
tornado watch	This is issued by the National Weather Service when conditions are favorable for the development of tornadoes in and close to the watch area
mississippian	A period of the Paleozoic era (after the Devonian and before the Pennsylvanian), thought to have covered the span of time between 354 and 323 million years ago; also, the corresponding system of rocks
laterite	a highly weathered, red subsoil that is rich in secondary oxides of iron and/or aluminium
rate	The unit charge or charges made to the customers for natural gas.
compound slopes	Used in an inventory code when slope patterns cannot be separated at the scale of mapping and are recorded as a complex using double or multiple symbols, e.g
accredited investor	A person or institution deemed capable of understanding and affording the financial risks associated with the acquisition of unregistered securities
hiding	a beating; thrashing or belting
quicksilver water	a solution of mercury nitrate used in gilding.
mean sea level	The mean value of sea level extracted from a suitably long series of data (e.g
cold desert	Desert found in the high latitudes and at high altitudes where precipitation is low
land access agreement	A land access agreement is a contract between a permit holder or operator and a landholder, outlining obligations of both parties, conditions of entry and compensation.
stream piracy	the tendency of one stream to capture the flow of another by eroding a channel that intercepts the other stream's flow.
sustainability	the long-term capacity of an ecosystem to maintain ecological processes and functions, biological diversity, and productivity.
wellbore storage effect	Distortions in the reservoir response due to wellbore storage
air receiver	A storage tank for compressed air.
jupiter	Planet fifth in order from the sun
captain/captain cook	(rhyming slang) look: e.g., Have a captain at this!
catchment wetness indicator	A method for measuring how wet the ground is which is then used as a basis to indicate the absorptive qualities of the catchment (i.e
appropriative rights	"first in time, first in right” principle of allocating water rights based
release gas	Gas previously contracted and dedicated between producers/brokers and a pipeline company which, through mutual agreement between the parties, was thereafter "released" from contract and ultimately made available for purchase by third parties.
bubble-point pressure	The pressure at which gas first begins to come out of solution at constant temperature.
energy charge	That portion of the charge for electricity based upon the electrical energy (kWh) consumed or billed
phenolphthalein alkalinity	the alkalinity in a water sample measured by the amount of standard acid needed to lower the pH to a level of 8.3 as indicated by the change of color of the phenolphthalein from pink to clear.
calibration	The process wherein the zero and sensitivity of the measuring circuit is adjusted to meaningful units so that the recorded measurements will be accurate with respect to an industry standard.
grantor	A person who grants or conveys lands, minerals, etc.
dst	Drill stem test, open hole or cased hole short term production test of well.
producing sand	A rock stratum that contains recoverable oil or gas.
kt	Abbreviation for one thousand tonnes.
current reservoir capacity	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
hydrophone	The recorder used to monitor time of travel of offshore seismic disturbances.
well land rights	Right to drill and operate storage wells in a storage reservoir.
radiometer	General name for an instrument used to measure radiation over a specific wavelength range.
meter density	The number of meters per unit of area or per unit length of distribution main.
c4	Butane
meniscus	The curved surface of the liquid at the open end of a capillary column.
first quarter	$27.9800
assessment	A charge against real estate made by a unit of government to cover a proportionate cost of an improvement, such as street or-sewer.
m	= 000 Example – 1 MCFG is 1,000 units of gas
spreading ridge	an elevated region where new crust material is being formed and where older crust moves away from the ridge.
water-drive reservoir	A reservoir in which the pressure that forces the oil to the surface is exerted by edge or bottom water in the field.
prism	A piece of transparent material that separates the colours of sunlight into a rainbow or spectrum.
snow	precipitation in the form of branched hexagonal crystals, often mixed with simple ice crystals, which fall more or less continuously from a solid cloud sheet
rate of flow	The volume or units of a material passing a given point in a system per unit of time.
permeability	a measure of the ease with which liquids or gases will move through soil or other porous material
aerobic treatment	process by which microbes decompose complex organic compounds in the presence of oxygen and use the liberated energy for reproduction and growth
price cap	A method of setting a utility distribution company's rates where a maximum allowable price level is established by regulators, flexibility in individual pricing is allowed, and where efficiency gains can be encouraged and captured by the company
cement grout	a mixture of water and cement in the ratio of not more than 5-6 gallons of water to a 94 pound sack of portland cement which is fluid enough to be pumped through a small diameter pipe.
fcc	First class charterer
footslogging	hard, long-distance walking.
remediation	methods used to remove or contain a toxic spill or hazardous materials from a Superfund site; a generic term used to describe cleanup activities.
biodiversity	The diversity of different species (species diversity), genetic variability among individuals within each species (genetic diversity), and variety of ecosystems (ecosystem diversity)
theory	Proposed explanation for the causal mechanisms responsible for a phenomenon or a set of facts
book value	The recorded plant cost less the accumulated depreciation.
deciduous vegetation	Type of vegetation that sheds its leaves during winter or dry seasons
vegetation survey	Leakage surveys made for the purpose of finding leaks in underground gas piping by observing vegetation.
south pacific current	An eastward flowing current of the South Pacific Ocean that is continuous with the northern edge of the antarctic circumpolar current .
strip	To remove light hydrocarbon fractions from gas for recovery and sale.
florida current	All of the northward-moving water from the Straits of Florida to a point off Cape Hatteras where the current ceases to follow the continental slope
urban runoff	storm water from city streets and adjacent domestic or commercial properties that carries pollutants of various kinds into the sewer systems and receiving waters.
rellies	relatives.
capacity release	The temporary relinquishment of firm transportation capacity on a pipeline
gula	One of the primary goddesses of the Akkadian and Babylonian peoples
iron meteorite	A meteorite consisting of metallic iron and nickel.
baroclinic zone	A region in which a temperature gradient exists on a constant pressure surface
well yield	The volume of water discharged from a well in litres per minute (L/min), litres per second (L/s) or cubic metres per day (m3/day).
terminator	The line separating the illuminated and unilluminated parts of a celestial body; the dividing line between day and night as observed from a distance.
stream channel	Long trough-like depression that is normally occupied by the water in a stream.
dispersion	Water carrying a contaminant becoming more separated by following a variety of distinct flow paths through an aquifer. Dispersion has two components: mechanical mixing and diffusion.
critical depth	The depth of water flowing in an open channel or conduit, partially filled, corresponding to one of the recognized critical velocities.
era	A unit of geologic time usually lasting hundreds of millions of years
r-value	A measure of thermal resistance of a material, equal to the reciprocal of the U-Value
dish-licker	greyhound dog.
isotherm	Line that connects points of equal temperature.
gross acres or wells	The interests of all persons owning interests in such acres or wells.
eua	European Union (emission) Allowance: the standard tradable emissions unit under the ETS
stand	The point when vertical movement of the water ceases.
basin recharge	Rainfall that adds to the residual moisture of the basin in order to help recharge the water deficit
water table	At a depth below the surface, the ground is saturated with water
distribution	The act or process of distributing gas from the city gas or plant that portion of utility plant used for the purpose of delivering gas from the city gate or plant to the consumers, or to expenses relating to the operating and maintenance of distribution plant.
angular cobbly	A descriptive term applied to coarse fragments
erosion	The transportation of material by a mobile agent, i.e., water, wind or ice.
urban/small stream flooding	Flooding that occurs after heavy rains of relatively short duration, and it is generally not life threatening
vapor	1
feedstock	Crude oil, a derivative thereof, or other raw material utilized in process equipment.
positive boundary	See constant-head boundary.
give the joes	give (one) a fit of depression, bad temper, ill-feeling.
adverse possession	Acquisition of title to real property owned by someone else, by open, notorious, and continuous possession for the statutory period of time.
creek	A small stream of water which serves as the natural drainage course for a drainage basin of nominal, or small size
wastewater	water that has waste material in it
competition	Interaction where two or more organisms in the same space require the same resource (e.g., food, water, nesting space, and ground space) which is in limiting supply to the individuals seeking it
land act 1994	consolidates and amends the law relating to the administration and management of non-freehold land and deeds of grant in trust, and the creation of freehold land
pasting	severe criticism, scolding, beating or defeat.
adverse possession	Acquisition of title to real property owned by someone else, by open, notorious, and continuous possession for the statutory period of time
helical flow	Movement of water within a stream that occurs as spiral flows.
back-building thunderstorm	A thunderstorm in which new development takes place on the upwind side (usually the west or southwest side), such that the storm seems to remain stationary or propagate in a backward direction.
fault	A crack or fracture in the earth's surface in which there has been movement of one or both sides relative to the other
slickwater	Slick water fracturing is a method or system of hydraulic fracturing that involves adding chemicals to water to reduce friction and increase the fluid flow
altostratus	It is a bluish veil or layer of clouds having a fibrous appearance
back-sheared anvil	Slang for a thunderstorm anvil which spreads upwind, against the flow aloft
structural landform	Is a landform created by massive Earth movements due to plate tectonics
volatility	A value attributed to an underlying futures contract which determines the premium that is set by the grantor
dispersion	the movement and spreading of contaminants out and down in an aquifer.
stratosphere	Atmospheric layer found at an average altitude of 11 to 50 kilometers above the Earth's surface
till plain	The undulating surface of low relief in the area underlain by ground moraine.
conversion efficiency	The ratio of useful energy output vs the energy required to perform the process.
sea smoke	See evaporation fog.
property appreciation	See Appreciation.
eccentricity	Geometric shape of the Earth's orbit
topography	Physical features, such as hills, valleys, and plains that shape the surface of the Earth.
public water system	A system for providing the public with water for human consumption that has at least 15 service connections or regularly serves at least 25 individuals.
iron out	get drunk, totally intoxicated.
flowback water	After the hydraulic fracturing procedure is completed and pressure is released, the direction of fluid flow reverses, and water and excess proppant flow up through the wellbore to the surface
vegetative controls	Nonpoint source pollution control practices that involve planet (vegetative cover) to reduce erosion and minimize the loss of pollutants.
local distribution company	See DISTRIBUTION COMPANY, GAS.
bottled gas	In the industry, liquefied petroleum gas contained under moderate pressure in cylinders, sometimes referred to as bottles
opposition back-bencher	a member of Parliament who belongs to an opposition party, but who is not a shadow minister.
content of fuel	The heat value per unit of fuel expressed in Btu as determined from tests of fuel samples
wind-driven current	A current produced in a body of water by blowing over the water surface
power spectrum	The Fourier transform of the kinetic energy field
dilly	1
cyclone	Area of low pressure in the atmosphere that displays circular inward movement of air
diamond drilling	Diamond tipped bits used on cable rigs for drilling very hard rock.
base level	The subterranean elevation below which a stream cannot vertically erode sediment
coa	Contract of affreightment between ship owner and charterer.
watercourse	Any surface flow such as a river, stream, tributary.
plasma	plasma consists of a gas heated to sufficiently high temperatures that the atoms ionize
biogenesis	Formed by the presence or the actions of living organisms, for example, coral reefs and atolls
seaboard method	A classification method that allocates fixed costs equally between the demand and commodity components of the rate.
inflow jets	Local jets of air near the ground flowing inward toward the base of a tornado.
discharge area	The zone in which groundwater leaves the ground either as a spring or into a water body.
jack or unit	An oil-pumping unit
pumper	An employee of an operator who is responsible for gauging the oil and gas sold off the leases he has been assigned and who is also responsible for maintaining and reporting the daily production.
ordovician	Early Paleozoic age ranging from 500 Ma to 435 Ma.
tropical wave	A trough or cyclonic curvature maximum in the trade wind easterlies and it is not classified as a tropical cyclone
bathymetry	The study of water depths.
her ladyship	pretentious, affected and snobbish woman.
blizzard	Winter severe weather condition characterized by strong wind, blowing snow, and cold temperatures.
glacier dammed lake	The lake formed when a glacier flows across the mouth of an adjoining valley and forms an ice dam.
anastomosis	A network of tubular passages or holes in a cave or in a solution-sculpted rock
logarithmic scale	Measurement scale based on logarithms
industrial relations act 1988	(AIR Act) repealed and replaced the Conciliation and Arbitration Act
peak day sendout	See SENDOUT, MAXIMUM DAY.
valve chamber	The space in a dry gas meter containing the slide valves and mechanism for their operation.
indexation	The tying of the contract price for a commodity, such as LNG, to the published price of another commodity or index
kettle moraine	An area of glaciofluvial influenced moraine deposits pitted with kames and kettle holes.
stand of tide	(or stand, tidal stand)
kuroshio current	An ocean current flowing northeastward from Formosa to Riukiu and then close to the coast of Japan as far as latitude 35 degrees; part of the Kuroshio system
point source	source of pollution that involves discharge of wastes from an identifiable point, such as a smokestack or sewage treatment plant
orogeny	mountains building process.
mean low water	The average of all low water heights observed over a period.
displacement	distance by which portions of the same geological layer are offset from each other by a fault.
energy security	A term used to refer to the reliability of future energy supply
drawdown	The difference between static and flowing bottom-hole pressures.
wet-bulb depression	The value calculated by subtracting a wet-bulb thermometer reading from a dry-bulb thermometer reading
gas-gathering	Gas-gathering systems on oilfields typically are designed to stream off associated gas from the crude.
infra-red radiation	See RADIATION, INFRA-RED.
ion	an atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons and has become electrically charged as a result.
biodegradation	The breakdown of putrescible (organic) material by biological processes.
toluene	One of the aromatic hydrocarbons, produced from crude oil via fractional distillation and catalytic reforming
effluent	Any substance, particularly a liquid, that enters the environment from a point source
eustacy	Variations in sea-level that are related to changes in the volume of seawater in the oceans.
rotation	the spin of a body about its axis.
prior period correction	Restatement of a production month's measurement allocation or contract quantities in subsequent months
retrogression	Movement of a weather system in a direction opposite to that of the basic flow in which it is embedded, usually referring to a closed low or a longwave trough which moves westward.
original cost	The actual cost of land, buildings, pipelines and other plant items (in the Code of Federal Regulations) "to the person first devoting it to public service." (Distinguished from the cost to a subsequent owner of acquiring such property after it is already "devoted to public service")
coral	Simple marine animals that live symbiotically with algae
delta	An assemblage of sediments accumulated where a stream flows into a body of standing water and its velocity and transporting power are suddenly reduced
beta effect	Denotes how fluid motion is affected by spatial changes of the Coriolis parameter, for example, due to the Earth's curvature
cloud point	The temperature at which wax begins to crystallize in a given sample of middle distillate, giving it a cloudy appearance
azmils	Arizona Department of Mines and Mineral Resources Database
loan origination fees	The fee paid to your mortgage lender for processing the mortgage application
biological weathering	The disintegration of rock and mineral due to the chemical and/or physical agents of an organism.
pibal	An acronym for pilot-balloon observation
kcl	See potassium chloride
meteorite	A meteorite is a meteor that has fallen to Earth
turnkey	A drilling contract that calls for a drilling contractor to drill a well, for a fixed price, to a specified depth
dielectric	A material used in a capacitor to store a charge from an applied electrical field
probable	Probable reserves are those unproved reserves which analysis of geological and engineering data suggests are more likely than not to be recoverable
forestry potential	The potential for establishment of productive exotic forest, based on assessment of the physical factors of the site, but not on a full-scale study of economics, transport, markets, etc.
cistern	a tank used to collect rainwater runoff from the roof of a house or building.
drainage class	Indicates how wet a soil is likely to be under high rainfall conditions
continental drift	the movement of the Earth's continents relative to each other
franchises and consents	The right or privilege granted by a political subdivision to do business or perform specific services.
klicks	kilometres.
uniformitarianism	The belief that the landscape of the earth was formed, and is still forming, slowly over time
community boundary	Spatial edge of a unique community.
hygrometer	An instrument which measures the humidity of the air.
amine unit	A natural gas treatment unit for removing contaminants (H2S, COS, CO2) by the use of amines
reef	A ridge of rocks found in the tidal zone along a coastline
marginal price of energy	Price for power from a unit which is already running
topsoil clay range	An indication of the clayey texture of the topsoil
downtime	When rig operations are temporarily suspended because of repairs or maintenance
$1.441573	2010
deflation	Process where wind erosion creates blowout depressions or deflation hollows by removing and transporting sediment and soil.
time	Measurable period in which cause and effect occurs and systems function.
high fire	An expression used for the design maximum rate of fuel input to a burner.
roll over	The transfer of a position from one futures period to another involving the purchase (sale) of the nearby month and simultaneous sale (purchase) of a further-forward month.
water budget	A summation of inputs, outputs, and net changes to a particular water resource system over a fixed period
seas	This term is used in National Weather Service Marine Forecasts to describe the combination or interaction of wind waves and swells (combined seas) in which the separate components are not distinguished
formation	A formation is a set of rock layers that consists dominantly of a certain rock type or combination of types.
lw	See low water
neap tide	A tide of decreased amplitude, occurring semimonthly one or two days after quadrature .
cathode	In market terms, a rectangular plate of metal, produced by electrolytic refining, which is melted into commercial shapes such as wirebars, billets, ingots etc
hep up	revitalise; inject enthusiasm and vigour into: e.g., We need more booze to hep this party up.
glow-worm	the immature stage (larva) of a mosquito-like fly
olefin resin	A resin made by the polymerization of any member of the ethylene series having but one double bond with the general formula CnH2n, e.g., ethylene, propene, etc.
tea-break	short rest from work to have tea, coffee etc, usually taken mid morning and afternoon.
operator	The operator is the party that performs the exploration and production programs in a permit on behalf of the titleholder.
craton	The stable portions of the continents that have escaped orogenic activity for the last 2 billion years
hurricane season	The portion of the year having a relatively high incidence of hurricanes
leasehold	The estate or interest a lessee has in an oil and gas lease.
climatic optimum	Warmest period during the Holocene epoch
deepwater	In offshore areas, water depths of greater than 600 feet.
kosciuszko national park	named after Mount Kosciuszko, which at 2228m is Australia's highest mountain
density	The compactness of matter or the number of particles per unit volume.
indirect flood damage	Expenditures made as a result of the flood (other than repair) such as relief and rescue work, removing silt and debris, etc.
control gas	That part of the main gas flow which is separated and used to actuate the automatic valve through a moving member such as the diaphragm in a diaphragm valve.
wettability	the degree to which a fluid will spread into or coat a solid surface in the presence of other fluids into which it will not dissolve.
drilling rig	A drilling unit that is not permanently fixed to the seabed, e.g
föhn wind	European equivalent of chinook wind.
water year	a division based on a general pattern of annual wet and dry periods rather than a calendar year
executive council	comprises the governor and cabinet ministers, who advise on the exercise of the powers of the governor-in-council
throughput	The volume of gas flowing through a pipeline, ore processed by a concentrator etc.
irrigation requirement	The quantity of water, exclusive of precipitation, that is required for crop production
excessive rainfall discussion	This message discusses the potential for excessive rainfall in the contiguous United States
chance	A National Weather Service precipitation descriptor for 30%, 40%, or 50% chance of measurable precipitation (0.01")
discharge area	An area where ground water is lost naturally from an aquifer through springs, seeps, or hydraulic connection to other aquifers
hydrologic model	A conceptual or physically-based procedure for numerically simulating a process or processes which occur in a watershed.
kelvin	A temperature scale in which 0°K is the point at which all molecular motion ceases, called absolute zero (approx
effluent	(1) something that flows out or forth, especially a stream flowing out of a body of water
prime meridian	The location from which meridians of longitude are measured
assignor	Person who conveys the oil and gas leases in an assignment.
deduction	Inference in which the conclusion about particulars follows necessarily from general theory
hse	Health, safety and environment
lockout timing	That period of time between the initial ignition trial and lockout by the ignition system.
fossil	The outline, traces, or body part of a plant or animal that has been preserved in rock
gas used	The total quantity of gas used by the transmission or distribution company in the operation (i.e., fuel), the maintenance and the construction of facilities.
earnest money deposit	The deposit you make to show that you are committed to buying the home
lashing	a severe scolding: e.g., The principal gave the boys a lashing.
mitigation	Either activities directed towards eliminating or reducing the probability of occurrence of a disaster-producing event, or reducing the effects of those events that are unavoidable.
independent variable	Variable in a statistical test that is thought to be controlling through cause and effect the value of observations in another dependent variable modeled in the test.
volatilization	Loss of a substance through evaporation.
geocoding	The conversion of features found on an analog map into a computer-digital form
superrefraction	Bending of the radar beam in the vertical which is greater than sub-standard refractive conditions
pollution	Contamination of the environment with objectionable or offensive matter.
radiation	The emission of energy from an object in the form of electromagnetic waves and photons.
holocene epoch	Period of time from about 10,000 years ago to today
run	An assembly of more than one piece of pipe; a portion of a fitting having its end in line or nearly so, as distinct from the branch or side opening, as of a tee.
porosity	A measure of the relative volume of void space in rock to the total rock volume
downstream	Any point in the direction of flow of a liquid or gas from the reference point
lesson	(Australian Rules football) a drubbing.
blowout depression	Saucer shaped depressions created by wind erosion
division order	A schedule of owners and their decimal share in revenues of the well derived from the sale of oil or gas.
piezometric surface	the imaginary surface to which groundwater rises under hydrostatic pressure in wells or springs.
kuranda	the village hidden in the rainforest
prometheus	A Greek mythological hero who gave humankind fire.
inland forest bat	Vespadelus baverstocki, one of the smallest mammal species in Australia, if not the world
ground water mining	Permanent depletion of ground water reserves.
in-the-money	An option which has intrinsic value
era	Geologic time unit that is shorter than an eon but longer than a period.
service well	A nonproducing well used for injecting liquid or gas into the reservoir for enhanced recovery; also, a saltwater disposal well or a water supply well.
cracking	Processing that breaks down and rearranges the molecular structure of hydrocarbon chains
carn!	come on! (sporting enthusiasts' cry): e.g., Carn the Roos! Carn, ya mugs!
leatherjacket	1
mile post location	The location in miles along a pipeline from 0.00, usually expressed in hundredths of a mile.
show	An indication of the presence of oil or gas in a formation which is observed and recorded during the drilling of a well.
isotach	A line on a weather map connecting points of equal wind speed.
combination utility	Utility which supplies both gas and some other utility service (electricity, water, etc.)
herbicide	a chemical used to kill nuisance plants
subordinate tide station	(1) A tide station from which a relatively short series of observations is reduced by comparison with simultaneous observations from a tide station with a relatively long series of observations
availability factor	In a nuclear power plant, the disposable energy which could have been generated during a period, expressed as a percentage of the energy which could have been produced by a continuous power rate during the same period – essentially relates to the time a reactor spends off line owing to planned outages or unplanned stoppages..
strike-slip fault	Fault that primarily displays horizontal displacement.
redcliffe	in 1797 the explorer, Matthew Flinders, led an expedition by sea to Moreton Bay and landed at Redcliffe
floodplain	area formed by fine sediments spreading out in the drainage basin on either side of the channel of a river as a result of the river's fluctuating water volume and velocity
decay product	An atomic nucleus, stable or radioactive, which originates from the process of radioactive decay of an unstable nucleus
temperature-compensated meters	These meters measure volume at pipeline conditions using a device which will convert volume at flowing temperature to volume at base temperature
farm in	When one company drills wells or performs other activity on another company's lease in order to earn an interest in or acquire that lease.
gazettal	The advertisement of permits by the government calling for applications for exploration licences.
burn-pit	A pit, usually earthen and of shallow depth used to burn-off and dispose of petroleum distillates.
inactive storage capacity	The portion of capacity below which the reservoir is not normally drawn, and which is provided for sedimentation, recreation, fish and wildlife, aesthetic reasons, or for the creation of a minimum controlled operational or power head in compliance with operating agreements or restrictions.
associated gas proration	Restrictions states place on the production of associated gas
humidifier	A mechanical means of increasing the relative humidity by injecting water or water vapor into the air.
yield	The amount of water that is produced when a pump is operated for a fixed number of full strokes.
impervious soil	A soil through which water, air, or roots penetrate slowly or not at all
allocation method	A method of allocating volumes to affected parties when an imbalance occurs.
alkalinity	the measurement of constituents in a water supply which determine alkaline conditions
top storage capacity	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
mud	A fluid mixture of clay, chemicals, and weighting materials suspended in fresh water, salt water, or diesel oil.
buoyancy	the tendency of a body to float or rise when immersed in a fluid; the power of a fluid to exert an upward force on a body placed in it.
fso	Floating storage and offloading vessel
vadose zone	The locus of points just above the water table where soil pores may either contain air or water
in situ coal gasification	Gasification of coal underground by introduction of air or oxygen into the coal seam.
ph	A numerical measure of the acidity or alkalinity of water ranging from 0 to 14
mammatus clouds	Rounded, smooth, sack-like protrusions hanging from the underside of a cloud (usually a thunderstorm anvil)
oxygenate	Oxygen-containing blend stocks favored for their octane and their clean burning quality
back-in unit	A portable servicing or workover rig that is self-propelled, using the hoisting engines for motive power
unconventional fuels	Any fuels that companies produce in ways other than traditional vertical oil wells
potable	Water that is safe and palatable for human use
schedule	A pipe size system (outside diameters and wall thickness) originated by the iron pipe industry.
irrigation	The controlled application of water to arable lands to supply water requirements not satisfied by rainfall.
gasification	The process during which liquified natural gas (LNG) is returned to its vapor or gaseous state through an increase in temperature and a decrease in pressure.
county water authority	a public water district serving a county-wide area
subordinate station	1
resource	Anything obtained from the environment to meet the needs of a species.
bottle	A gas-tight container fabricated from pipe or plate with integral drawn, forged, or spun end closures, tested in the manufacturer's plant, used for storing or transporting gas.
lessee	The person who purchases an oil, gas and mineral lease.
mid-level cooling	Local cooling of the air in middle levels of the atmosphere (roughly 8 to 25 thousand feet), which can lead to destabilization of the entire atmosphere if all other factors are equal
associated gas	The hydrocarbon gas produced at the surface with the hydrocarbon liquid; also referred to as solution gas or dissolved gas.
pipeline marketing affiliate	Marketer which is a subsidiary of an interstate pipeline.
light water reactor	A nuclear reactor which uses light (or ordinary) water as a moderator and coolant and enriched uranium as a fuel.
undiscovered recoverable resources	Those resources estimated to be recoverable from accumulations believed to exist based on geological and geophysical evidence but not yet verified by drilling, testing or production.
derrick	A frame tower that supports drilling equipment.
winter storm warning	Issued when more than one type of hazardous winter weather is occurring, imminent, or highly likely over part or all of the forecast area
assemblage	an organism group of interacting species in a given ecosystem, for example, a fish assemblage or a benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage.
precambrian	geologic era ranging from 3400 Ma to 540 Ma
short term forecast	This National Weather Service narrative summary describes the weather in the local area and includes a short-range forecast (usually not more than 6 hours)
gamma ray	the highest energy (shortest wavelength) photons in the electromagnetic spectrum
shear wave	A seismic wave that creates wave-like motion perpendicular to the direction of seismic energy propagation
stemflow	Is the process that directs precipitation down plant branches and stems
riparian right	a right to use surface water, such right derived from the fact that the land in question abuts upon the banks of streams.
spread-trading	Buying one instrument/commodity and selling another, with a view to profiting from the change in the gap between the two markets.
lesueur national park	protects spectacular landforms underlain by complex geological features
vapor pressure	Pressure exerted by water vapor molecules in a given quantity of atmosphere.
grazing control	Control of stock numbers and movements to specific areas most commonly by fences.
dieri	1
fuse	To join two plastic parts by softening the material with heat.
piezometric surface	The water level surface that can be defined from the mapping of water level elevations in wells tapping into a confined aquifer.
divert	to direct a flow away from its natural course
titan	In Greek mythology, Titans were the firstborn children of Uranus (the sky) and Gaea (the Earth)
infiltration	The air entering a space through a wall, crack, doors, and other openings.
head-hunter	(sport) basher.
toroidal radius	in a solar loop structure, it is the distance from the axis of the loop to the center of the "semi-circle" that the loop forms
intrinsic value	The value to an option holder if (s)he were to exercise an option today.
compressor station	Any permanent combination of facilities which supplies the energy to move gas at increased pressure from fields, in transmission lines, or into storage.
vesicle	A small cavity (bubble) in an igneous rock that was formerly occupied by a bubble of escaping gas.
eta model	One of the operational numerical forecast models run at NCEP
set-up	The process whereby strong winds blowing down the length of a lake cause water to "pile up" at the downwind end, raising water levels there and lowering them at the upwind end of the lake.
capillary fringe	The soil area just above the water table where water can rise up slightly through the cohesive force of capillary action
centralizers	Devices used to ensure that the pump rod moves straight up and down within the rising main
give it a bash/burble/burl/fly	make an attempt; have a try.
unconfined aquifer	An aquifer whose upper boundary is defined by the water table (water is at atmospheric pressure)
blowout	Out-of-control gas and/or oil pressure erupting from a well being drilled; a dangerous, uncontrolled eruption of gas and oil from a well; a wild well.
blister copper	The product of the Bessemer converter furnace used in copper smelting
erosion	physical and/or chemical degradation process of the rocks under action of water, wind, freezing...
confiscatory rates	Approved rates which yield a rate of return insufficient to attract new capital.
tender	1
evaporative cooling	The adiabatic exchange of heat between air and a water spray or wetted surface
dewogging	the act of becoming an Australian citizen through naturalisation.
condensation	the change of state from a gas to a liquid
capping	Closing in a well to prevent the escape of gas.
charon	In Greek mythology, ferryman of the River Styx, who carried the dead to the underworld
air drilling	A drilling technique whereby gases (typically compressed air or nitrogen) are used to cool the drill bit and lift cuttings out of the wellbore, instead of the more conventional use of liquids
glacial lake	A natural impoundment of meltwater at the front of a glacier.
swe	Snow Water Equivalent.
perennial yield	maximum quantity of water that can be annually withdrawn from a groundwater basin over a long period of time (during which water supply conditions approximate average conditions) without developing an overdraft condition
financing cost	the fees charged by financial specialists and the interest charged on money borrowed to pay for a project
compressed natural gas	Compressed natural gas used in vehicles and in other applications not attached to a pipeline.
migration	The motion of oil and gas through layers of rock deep in the earth.
density	The weight of a unit of volume, usually expressed as pounds per cubic foot.
wet-bulb thermometer	Thermometer on a psychrometer that has a moisten wick on its reservoir bulb
drainage	(1) the natural movement of surface water over a land area to a river, lake or ocean (surface drainage), (2) removal of water from a soil using buried pipelines that are spaced regularly and perforated (subsurface drainage).
outer continental shelf	A term used primarily in the U.S
isotopes	Different forms of atoms of the same element
cap rock	Impermeable rock overlaying an oil or gas reservoir that tends to prevent migration of the reservoir fluids from the reservoir
disinfect	to destroy harmful microorganisms
insect	Relatively small and simple animals that have a rigid external skeleton, three body sections, three pairs of legs, and antennae
geoid	True shape of the Earth, which deviates from a perfect sphere because of a slight bulge at the equator.
gluggy	of an unpleasantly gluey or too-thick consistency: e.g., The motor oil was as gluggy as Mum's porridge.
sexual reproduction	Any process of reproduction that does involve the fusion of gametes.
anti-degradation clause	part of federal and water quality requirements prohibiting deterioration where pollution levels are above the legal limit.
benthic	Pertaining to the environment and conditions of organisms living at the water bottom, or benthos
s-band radar	These were in use as network radars in the National Weather Service prior to the installation of the WSR 88-D radars
geohydrology	a term which denotes the branch of hydrology relating to subsurface or subterranean waters; that is, to all waters below the surface.
eutrophication	Physical, chemical and biological changes in a water body as a result of the input nitrogen and phosphorus.
valley fog	Fog formed by the movement of cooler, more dense air from higher elevations to the warm valley bottom.
river [lcdb2 classification]	Areas of flowing open freshwater without emerging vegetation (riverine systems).
langley	Unit of the intensity of radiation measured per minute and equal to one calorie.
soil permeability	The rate at which water and air move vertically through a soil.
perched water	a localized zone of water which sits on top of an aquitard
surface rights	Surface ownership of a tract of land from which the mineral rights have been separated
ocean	A body of saline water found occupying all or part of the Earth's ocean basins
joint operating agreement	A detailed written agreement between the working interest owners of a property setting forth the terms under which that property will be developed.
book cost	The amount at which property is recorded in plant accounts without deduction of related provisions for accrued depreciation, depletion, amortization, or for other purposes.
coalescence	Process where two or more falling raindrops join together into a single larger drop because of a midair collision.
orifice plug	A small plug with an orifice to admit gas into the mixing chamber of a burner
safetynet	A satellite based part of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) for automatically disseminating safety information, including weather warnings and forecasts, to mariners almost anywhere on the world's oceans.
sunset	The time when the upper limb of the sun disappears below the sensible horizon as a result of the diurnal rotation of the earth (no adjustment made for elevation of observer or atmospheric refraction).
initial margin	The returnable collateral required to establish an options position.
leave off!	cease; desist; stop annoying and harassing: e.g., Will you leave off!
redundant	(of a worker) no longer needed at work and therefore unemployed; laid-off.
seawater	The mixture of water and various dissolved salts found in the world's oceans and seas.
response time	The amount of time in which it will take a watershed to react to a given rainfall event.
gas in place	The amount of gas in a reservoir at any time, calculated at standard conditions
energy flux	the rate of flow of energy through a reference surface
depletion	The value of a naturally occurring mineral deposit is a function of (1) the market value of the mineral, and (2) the concentration of the mineral in the mineral deposit.
mixed tide	mean sea level
seed dispersal	Movement of a plant seed away from the parent plant by a passive or active mechanism.
magma	Molten rock generated within the earth; which, on cooling, forms igneous rocks.
percolation	Vertical movement or infiltration of water from the Earth's surface to its subsurface
co-firing	The process of burning natural gas in conjunction with another fuel.
hydraulic permeability	The flow of water through a unit cross-sectional area of soil normal to the direction of flow when the hydraulic gradient is unity.
heavy water	water in which all the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by deuterium.
frequency band	A range of frequencies, between some upper and lower limit.
geopressured reservoir	a geothermal reservoir consisting of porous sands containing water or brine at high temperature or pressure.
ferrihydrite	A non-crystalline iron oxide mineral; has a very large surface area per unit weight.
aviation model	One of the operational forecast models run at National Centers for Environmental Prediction
fortescue river basin	the floodplains of the Fortescue River system
wet chemistry	Laboratory procedures used to analyze a sample of water using liquid chemical solutions (wet) instead of, or in addition to, laboratory instruments.
current gas	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
water quality standards	a group of statements that constitute a regulation describing specific water quality requirements
geosynchronous orbit	the orbit of a satellite that travels above the Earth's equator from west to east so that it has a speed matching that of the Earth's rotation and remains stationary in relation to the Earth (also called geostationary)
reservoir drive	Powered by difference in pressures within reservoir and well.
potential temperature	The temperature a parcel of dry air would have if brought adiabatically (i.e., without transfer of heat or mass) to a standard pressure level of 1000 mb.
orographic	Related to, or caused by, physical geography (such as mountains or sloping terrain).
by-products	Secondary products which are obtained from the processing of a raw material and have commercial value
scientific method	The approach science uses to gain knowledge
porosity	The ratio of the volume of voids to the total volume of a rock or unconsolidated material
severance	The owner of all rights to a tract of land can sever the rights to his land (vertically or horizontally)
development wells	Wells drilled in an area already proved to be productive.
fossil	mineralized or otherwise preserved remains or traces (such as footprints) of animals, plants, and other organisms.
exosphere	The outermost zone in the Earth's atmosphere
storm prediction center	A national forecast center in Norman, Oklahoma, which is part of NCEP
basin	A topographic or structural low area that generally receives thicker deposits of sediments than adjacent areas; the low areas tend to sink more readily, partly because of the weight of the thicker sediments; the term also denotes an area of relatively deep water adjacent to shallow-water shelf areas.
abandoned water right	a water right which was not put to beneficial use for a number of years, generally five to seven years.
vortex	A revolving mass of water which forms a whirlpool
digs	one's place of abode; residence; home.
submergence	Vertical distance between pumping level and pump intake.
cfpp	Cold filter plugging point.
shale	A type of sedimentary rock made from very small particles, (less than 0.004 mm in diameter), which form closely spaced layers
left holding the baby	left with unwelcome responsibility.
new mexico	Rio Arriba
op-shop	opportunity shop, selling second-hand goods for charity.
heliophobia	The fear of the sun.
nonconsumptive use	using water in a way that does not reduce the supply
esperance plains bioregion	proteaceous scrub and mallee heaths on sandplain overlying Eocene sediments; rich in endemics
scotch fillet	ribeye steak.
climap project	Multiuniversity research project that reconstructed the Earth's climate for the last million years by examining proxy data from ocean sediment cores.
declared unit	A unit formed by the lessee acting under the provision of a pooling clause in a lease or other instrument.
price earnings ratio	Market price divided by the annual earnings per share of common stock
movable bed	A stream bed made up of materials readily transportable by the stream flow.
contaminate	to make unfit for use; to pollute
vapor	The gaseous state of a substance as distinguished from permanent gases
alpine rock [lcdb2 classification]	Scree slopes and glacial debris, as well as rock tors and outcrops mainly in the Southern Alps above an altitude of 1300m.
drainage channel	A natural or artificial conduit for channelling water.
commingled gas	A homogeneous mix of gas obtained from various physical and contractual supply sources.
hypothesis testing	Process where an alternative and a null hypothesis are statistically tested for the purpose of falsifying a hypothesis.
hibbertia	most of the 100 or so species of hibbertia are unique to Australia, and about 60 of them are found in the south-west, where they grow in many habitats
deductions	Tax items which may be subtracted from gross income to arrive at taxable income in Federal income tax computations.
underwriter	One who guarantees the sale of securities to investors
desertification	Conversion of marginal rangeland or cropland to a more desert like land type
loaning	Allowing a customer to take gas and return it at a future state
cash to splash	plenty of money.
troglophile	An animal that habitually enters or lives permanently within the dark zone of a cave but is also capable of living outside because it is not evolved or adapted specifically to caves
kame	a short ridge, hill, or mound of stratified drift deposited by glacial meltwater.
sandoval	McKinley
hyporheic zone	the zone under a river or stream comprising substrate whose interstices are filled with water.
community water system	In Texas, a public water system which has a potential to serve at least 15 residential service connections on a year-round basis or serves at least 25 residents on a year-round basis.
stripper oil well	An oil well capable of producing no more than ten barrels of oil per day.
pilot balloon	A small balloon whose ascent at a constant rate is followed by a theodolite in order to obtain data for the computation of the speed and direction of winds at various levels in the upper air above the station.
oxygen demanding waste	organic water pollutants that are usually degraded by bacteria if there is sufficient dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water.
regosol soil	Soil order (type) of the Canadian System of Soil Classification
first core	All the nuclear material required to being initial operation of a reactor.
estimated bill	See CALCULATED BILL.
coefficient of performance	Ratio of effect produced to the energy supplied -- effect produced and energy supplied being expressed in the same thermal units.
cape preston	a colliery site located 100km south of Dampier in Victoria
containment ponds	Man-made ponds intended to capture waste from drilling sites.
phobos	In Greek mythology, a son of Ares (Mars) who, with brother Deimos, was a constant companion to his father.
resistance	A price at which sellers are likely to enter the market in an uptrend.
velocity	The speed and direction of an object's motion.
ferromagnesian	Containing iron and magnesium; applied to mafic minerals.
agreemnet of sale	A written agreement whereby the purchaser agrees to buy certain real estate and the seller agrees to sell upon terms and conditions set forth in the agreement.
environment	aggregate of external conditions that influence the life of an individual organism or population.
open woodland	an area with scattered trees, where the portion of the land surface covered by the crowns is more than 30% and less than 70%.
mantle	The part of the Earth (or other rocky body) lying between the outer crust and the central core, consisting mostly of iron and silicate minerals.
glasshouse	1
combe / coombe	A type of valley or hollow, commonly found in chalk landscapes
hydrologic basin	the drainage area upstream from a given point on a stream.
mass movement	General term that describes the downslope movement of sediment, soil, and rock material.
intermittent stream	one that flows periodically
devonian	Middle Paleozoic age ranging from 410 Ma to 360 Ma.
toe drain	A drain which carries seepage away from the dam and can allow seepage quantities to be measured.
saline water	water containing more than 1,000 parts per million (ppm) of dissolved solids of any type
stair stepping	The process of continually updating river forecasts for the purpose of incorporating the effects rain that has fallen since the previous forecast was prepared
indian summer	A warm, calm spell of weather occurring in autumn, especially in October and November
retirement dispersion	The pattern of retirements taking place at various ages in relation to the average service life or, simply, the scattering of retirements about average life.
basin	a large circular area on the Moon, typically 300 or more km in diameter, surrounded by one or more mountainous rings; may be occupied to varying extent by mare material, and may or may not be lower in elevation than the surrounding terrain
collector well	a well located near a surface water supply used to lower the water table and thereby induce infiltration of surface water through the bed of the water body to the well.
wave cyclone	See mid-latitude cyclone.
surface rights	Surface ownership of a tract of land from which the mineral rights have been severed.
subpolar lows	Surface zone of atmospheric low pressure located at about 60° North and South latitude
battery	Equipment used to process or store crude oil from one or more wells.
give the pip	annoy (someone).
integrating pressure-instrument	The integrating pressure-instrument registers the total volume of gas metered in cubic feet at a specified base pressure
target area	Predefined area in a gas spacing area where wells can be located without incurring a penalty on production for impacting adjacent spacing areas.
fresh water	Water that is relatively free of salts.
peat	An accumulation of partially decayed vegetable matter
bay	A body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth allowing access to the sea
lay on	provide; supply: e.g., They're going to lay on all the food and booze at their party
cumulonimbus cloud	A well developed vertical cloud that often has top shaped like an anvil
debt coverage principle	A method to determine the cost of common equity component of return based on cost of the fixed components, debt and preferred stock.
food web	A model describing the organisms found in a food chain
water treatment	SEE water conditioning.
paleozoic era	One of the four large divisions of geologic time, it includes seven geologic period, from about 545 to 248 million years ago.
coagulation	in water treatment, the use of chemicals to make suspended solids gather or group together into small flocs.
base pressure index	A device which continuously and automatically compensates to correct gas volume at operating pressure to volume at base pressure, without regard for any correction for temperature.
boil off	A natural phenomenon which occurs when liquefied natural gas in a storage vessel warms to its boiling point and gases evolve.
smoke management	Conducting a prescribed fire or slash burn with firing techniques and meteorological conditions that keep the smoke's impact on the environment with acceptable limits.
isobar	Lines of equal barometric pressure as shown on a weather map.
detritus	Loose rock and mineral material produced by mechanical disintegration and removed from its place of origin by wind, water, gravity, or ice; also, find particles of organic matter, such as plant debris.
formation	(1) A general term applied in the well-logging industry to the external environment of the drilled well bore without stratigraphic connotation.
peery springs	a pair of mound springs at the edge of Peery Lake, towards the centre of the NSW part of the Mulga Lands bioregion
flaring	The burning of gas vented through a pipe or stack at a refinery, or a method of disposing of gas while a well is being drilled
contract quantity method	A method to allocate demand costs by function to customer classes based on the customer classes' contract quantity or a company's obligation to serve the customer class.
segment	a water body or portion of a water body that is individually defined and classified
uptrend	A price pattern characterized by subsequent rising highs and rising lows
salt marsh	Coastal wetland ecosystem that is inundated for some period of time by seawater
annealing	A process involving controlled heating and subsequent controlled, generally slow, cooling applied usually to induce ductility in metals
cracking	The process of breaking down the larger, heavier and more complex hydrocarbon molecules into simpler and lighter molecules, thus increasing the gasoline yield from crude oil
climograph	Two dimensional graph that plots a location's air temperature and precipitation on times scales that range from a 24 hour period to a year.
solar constant	A term used to describe the average quantity of solar insolation received by a horizontal surface at the edge of the Earth's atmosphere
holiday detector	An electronic device for locating discontinuities or breaks in the protective coating on a pipe, tubing, or fitting.
profile drainage	Profile drainage provides an indication of how long a soil, or part of a soil, is saturated with water, and how quickly it can rid itself of excess water.
plastic tubing	Same as plastic pipe except that it is usually of small diameter and sized on the same system commonly used for copper tubing.
organic richness	See 'TOC '
open interest	The number of contracts left open in a market which need to be closed out or taken through to delivery
antimatter	matter consisting of particles with charges opposite that of ordinary matter
sedimentary rocks	Rocks formed from material derived from pre-existing rocks by processes of denudation, together with material of organic origin
alberta clipper	A fast moving low pressure system that moves southeast out of Canadian Province of Alberta (southwest Canada) through the Plains, Midwest, and Great Lakes region usually during the winter
infiltration capacity	The ability of a soil to absorb surface water.
phreatic zone	See saturated zone.
ji	Joint Implementation: A UN scheme set up under the Kyoto Protocol to allow industrialized countries to invest in emissions reduction projects in other industrialized countries, in return for tradable greenhouse gas offset credits (ERUs).
dip lid to	congratulate, salute or greet someone; show a gesture of respect.
red-hot	(rhyming slang) pot (of beer).
ukc	UK-Continent
dilution	Usually refers to the mixing of contaminated water through mechanical dispersion and molecular diffusion (due to chemical gradients).
non-conservative pollutant	Quickly degrade and lack persistence, such as most organophosphate insecticides.
epoch	An interval of geologic time; a division of a period
rain	A form of precipitation
clean oil	Crude oil containing less than 1 percent sediment and water; "pipeline oil", oil clean enough to send through a pipeline.
watermaster	An employee of a water department who distributes available water supply at the request of water right holders and collects hydrographic data.
pressure gradient	A scale of pressure differences in which there is a uniform variation of pressure from point to point
magma	molten rock material generated within the Earth or Moon that cools to form igneous rocks.
gas bag	A gas-proof, inflatable bag which can be inserted in a gas pipe and inflated to seal off the flow of the gas.
zone	A stratigraphic interval containing one or more reservoirs.
dbm	A logarithmic expression for power, referenced to 1 milliwatt
chemical treatment	Control of unwanted vegetation through the use of chemicals.
station pressure	The pressure that is read from a barometer but is not adjusted to sea level.
riparian water right	the legal right held by an owner of land contiguous to or bordering on a natural stream or lake, to take water from the source for use on the contiguous land.
fifo	Fly-in fly-out
private placement memorandum	This refers to any investment offering made to a qualified, private investor
runoff	that part of rainfall or snowmelt that does not infiltrate the soil but flows over the land surface toward a surface drain, eventually making its way to a stream, river, lake or an ocean
kame	A short ridge, mound or (sometimes steeply conical) hill of stratified glacial drift deposited by a crack or hole in a stagnant glacier.
bailer	A device used in cable tool drilling to remove drill cuttings from a well
bermuda high	High pressure system that develops over the western subtropical North Atlantic
titleholder	The titleholder is the party to whom a permit is granted by the government.
pooling	The bringing together of small tracts sufficient for the granting of a well permit under applicable spacing rules
derm	Department of Environment and Resource Management, often referred to as the EPA.
gas bubble	A fundamental and usually long-lasting oversupply situation
total energy	A concept under which the electricity required by a given facility is produced on-site by natural gas and possible alternate standby fueled engines or turbines with the recovery of the equipment's heat of rejection for space conditioning and/or process uses.
deranged drainage	Drainage pattern that is highly irregular
lessor	The party who grants an oil, gas and mineral lease.
lease or sublease	Any transaction in which the owner of operating rights in a property assigns all or a portion of these rights to any other party.
epoxy resins	Resins made by the reaction of epoxides or oxiranes with other materials such as amines, alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids, acid anhydrides, and unsaturated compounds.
respirable	particles which are small enough to be breathed down into the lungs.
occlusion	In meteorology, the process of formation of an occluded front
redlegs	Melbourne VFL football team.
tax	borrow, cadge from (someone) with no real intention of paying back: e.g., Can I tax you for a cigarette?
water year	in U.S
office of fuels programs	The division of the U.S
specific yield	as applied to water bearing materials, it is the ratio of the volume of water drained by the force of gravity from a saturated material over a reasonably long period of time, expressed as a percentage of the total volume of the saturated material.
sinter	A mineral crust or deposit formed from the minerals (mainly silica) in geothermal water, especially from geysers.
rip current	A strong water-surface current of short duration flowing seaward from the shore; the return movement of water piled up on the shore by incoming waves and wind
hydraulic roughness	an estimate of the resistance to flow due to energy loss caused by friction between the channel and the water
give a ring	telephone (someone).
polymer	A long-chain, high-weight molecule. Polymers mix with water to form thick, viscous fluids.
lava	Molten rock that has flowed out of the Earth through a volcano or fissure
kriol	a creole spoken by Aborigines in the north of Australia.
ambient medium	material surrounding or contacting an organism (e.g., outdoor air, indoor air, water, or soil through which chemicals or pollutants can reach the organism.
annex i parties	The 40 industrialized countries that were members of the OECD in 1992, plus countries with economies in transition (EIT parties), including the Russian Federation, the Baltic States, and several Central and Eastern European States
latch-on	To attach elevators to a section of pipe
navka	Arab mother-goddess.
aboriginality	1
sinkhole	A depression at the Earth's surface caused by the underlying rock dissolving or collapsing
distillate	Liquid hydrocarbons, usually colorless and of high API gravity, recovered from wet gas by a separator that condenses the liquid out of the gas
second quarter	27.6900
working capital	The amount of cash or other liquid assets that a company must have on hand to meet the current costs of operations until such a time as it is reimbursed by its customers
stuffing box	The steel container on a wellhead that contains packing that seals the oscillating rod that drives the pumping mechanism.
daily average send-out	The total quantity of gas delivered for a period of time divided by the number of days in the period.
flood loss reduction measures	The strategy for reducing flood losses
flare	rapid release of energy from a localized region on the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation, energetic particles, and mass motions.
langelier saturation index	an index reflecting the equilibrium pH of a water with respect to calcium and alkalinity; used in stabilizing water to control both corrosion and scale deposition.
flue exhauster	A device installed in and made a part of the vent to provide a positive, induced, or balanced draft.
prompt	A prompt cargo describes a cargo available for immediate lifting (one to two days)
comma echo	A thunderstorm radar echo which has a comma-like shape
flaring	Burning of gas for the purpose of safe disposal.
british thermal unit	A unit of heat energy, used to describe the amount of heat that can be generated by burning oil or gas.
long-term burst	The internal pressure at which pipe or fitting will, most likely, fail after 100,000 hours (11.43 years).
shut-down well/shut-in well	A well is shut down when initial drilling ceases for one reason or another
market sensitive contract	A contract whose pricing and sales quantity terms can be adjusted to reflect changes in supply and demand conditions.
biogeochemical cycling	the flow of chemical substances to and from the major environmental reservoirs (atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere).
sea change	a notable or unexpected transformation.
half-tide level	MEAN WATER LEVEL: The mean surface level as determined by averaging the heights of the water at equal intervals of time, usually at hourly intervals.
coiled tubing	A long, small diameter pipe flexible enough to be stored on and deployed from a large, truck-mounted roll
redox segregations	Mottles or concretions formed as a result of the reduction and solubilisation of iron and/or manganese, their translocation, concentration, oxidation and precipitation as oxides
gkuthaarn	an Aboriginal people of the Gulf of Carpentaria area.
tide gauge bench mark	A stable bench mark near a gauge to which tide gauge datum is referred
mixer face	The air inlet end of the mixer head.
cloud-ground lightning	Lightning occurring between cloud and ground.
whole-effluent toxicity	the aggregate toxic effect of an effluent measured directly by a toxicity test.
magma	Fluid or semi-fluid material under the Earth's surface from which lava and other rock is formed by cooling.
sublimation	The process of a solid returning directly to a gas without changing to a liquid first.
loss of load risk	The evaluation of the risk of a system not adequately meeting the load demand of firm customers under normal operating conditions
diffusion	The movement of a material, such as a gas or liquid, in the body of a plastic
kilowatt year	A unit of electrical capacity equivalent to one kilowatt of power used for 8760 hours.
thermal equator	Continuous area on the globe that has the highest surface temperatures because of the presence of the Intertropical Convergence Zone.
live capacity	The total amount of storage capacity available in a reservoir for all purposes, from the dead storage level to the normal water or normal pool level surface level
water softening	The reduction/removal of calcium and magnesium ions, which are the principal cause of hardness In water
mean sea level	A tidal datum
lada	A word meaning both "woman" and "goddess" in the area of Lycia in Asia Minor.
arms-length bargaining or negotiation	Bargaining between two or more unaffiliated parties carried out in a truly competitive manner.
subsoil	A general term for the lower horizons of a soil; usually B horizons and below.
dillwynia	an endemic genus of 20 or more species which are found in all Australian states
infiltration	the penetration of water through the ground surface into sub-surface soil or the penetration of water from the soil into sewer or other pipes through defective joints, connections, or manhole walls.
core	The core is a layer rich in iron and nickel found in the interior of the Earth
candor	Candor Chasma - from the Latin candor, meaning "blaze" or "the white" from its appearance.
time-height display	An intensity-modulated display which has height as the vertical coordinate and time as the horizontal coordinate; usually used for vertically-pointing antennas only.
weighing-type precipitation gage	A rain gage that weighs the rain or snow which falls into a bucket set on a platform of a spring or lever balance
bubbler gage	A water stage recording device that is capable of attaching to a LARC for data automation purposes.
median	Statistical measure of central tendency in a set of data
contract pressure	The maximum or minimum required operating pressure at a receipt or delivery point as specified in the Service Agreement.
straddle point	A gas plant constructed near a transmission company pipeline downstream from the fields where the gas is produced, also referred to as "on-line" plants
fourth quarter	26.1800
population density	Number of individuals of a particular species found in a specified area.
data reduction	The process of checking, calibration, and preparation necessary to convert raw measurements into a form suitable for analysis and application.
succulent vegetation	Group of plants that have the ability to survive in deserts and other dry climates by having no leaves
floodplain	Relatively flat area found alongside the stream channel that is prone to flooding and receives alluvium deposits from these inundation events.
fin	A metal projection (of various design configurations) from the exterior surface of tubes in heat exchange equipment to increase the heat transfer area.
ultraviolet	Zone of invisible radiations beyond the violet end of the spectrum of visible radiations
field capacity	The water remaining in a soil after the complete draining of the soil's gravitational water.
plesiosaur	A large, fish-eating, marine reptile that became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous Period.
chionophobia	Fear of snow.
density	a measure of how heavy a specific volume of a solid, liquid, or gas is in comparison to water.
system relationship	Is the association that exist between the elements and attributes of a system based on cause and effect.
catalyst	A material that brings about a chemical reaction without being permanently changed itself in the process.
cesspool	a covered hole or pit for receiving sewage
gimp	a conspicuously clumsy or ungainly person.
polar orbiting satellite	A weather satellite which travels over both poles each time it orbits the Earth
rss	See Regional Spatial Strategy.
erosion control forestry	(a) Planting exotic forest species principally for soil conservation and water management purposes but with a variable component of production permitted
maturity	The date a loan becomes payable in full
farm diversification	The re-allocation of some of a farm's productive resources such as land, capital, farm equipment or paid labour into new activities
photon	A discrete unit of radiant energy.
unbilled revenues	Revenues applicable to gas or electricity consumed but not yet billed to the customer because of bimonthly or cycle billing or for other reasons.
symmetric double eye	A concentrated ring of convection that develops outside the eye wall in symmetric, mature hurricanes
dip and scarp	A landscape consisting of steep ‘scarp' slopes and gentle ‘dip' slopes
hold with	agree; approve of: e.g., I don't hold with anything he says or does.
dinky-di aussie	(see: dinkum Aussie).
heat transfer coefficient	The quantity of heat transferred through a unit area of a material in a unit time per unit of temperature difference between the two sides of the material.
orifice	The opening in an orifice cap, orifice spud, or other device whereby the flow of gas is limited and through which the gas is discharged.
ferc	Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
nutrient	as a pollutant, any element or compound, such as phosphorous or nitrogen, that fuels abnormally high organic growth in aquatic ecosystems
weatherization	The reduction of air infiltration by methods such as caulking and weatherstripping.
secondary treatment	second step in most waste treatment systems, in which bacteria break down the organic parts of sewage wastes; usually accomplished by bringing the sewage and bacteria together in trickling filters or in the activated sludge process
unit hydrograph duration	The time over which one inch of surface runoff is distributed for unit hydrograph theory.
valence	A property of ions or of radicals determining the number of ions with which they can combine in chemical reactions.
chromosome	Organic structure that carries an organism's genetic code (DNA).
score off/score points off	humiliate, especially verbally in repartee etc.
title insurance	Insurance that protects lenders and homeowners against loss of their interest in the property because of legal problems with the title.
pre-hurricane squall line	It is often the first serious indication that a hurricane is approaching
anemometer	An instrument used for measuring the speed of the wind.
overland runoff	That part of precipitation flowing overland to surface streams.
frontal precipitation	See convergence precipitation.
avalanche advisory	A preliminary notification that conditions may be favorable for the development of avalanches in mountain regions.
billing determinant	The demand which is used to determine demand charges in accordance with the provisions of a rate schedule or contract
topographic profile	A two-dimensional diagram that describes the landscape in vertical cross-section.
wind gust	They are rapid fluctuations in the wind speed with a variation of 10 knots or more (≥19 km/h) between peaks and lulls
recharge	Ground water supplies are replenished, or recharged, when water enters the saturation zone by actions like rain or snow melt
boiling point	The highest temperature that can be reached by a liquid, under a given pressure, when heat is applied externally and evaporation occurs freely from the surface.
cathodic protection	an electro-chemical, anti-corrosion technique for protection of metal structures such as well casings, pipelines, tanks, buildings whereby weak electric currents are set up to offset the current associated with metal corrosion.
mtpa	Million tonnes per annum
lecturer	a person who lectures, especially as a teacher in higher education, such as at university.
confluent growth	in coliform testing, abundant or overflowing bacterial growth which makes accurate measurement difficult or impossible.
brokering	See CAPACITY ASSIGNMENT/BROKERING.
working interest	The interest that provides its owners the right to explore for and produce oil and gas
caz	casualty ward of a hospital.
leasehold costs	All costs related to obtaining an oil and gas lease.
overland flow	The topographic movement of a thin film of water from precipitation to lower elevations
advection	the process by which chemicals and heat are transported along with the bulk motion of flowing gas or liquid
lithosphere	Is the solid inorganic portion of the Earth (composed of rocks, minerals, and elements)
aquiclude	A formation which contains water but cannot transmit it rapidly enough to furnish a significant supply to a well or spring.
ocean basin	Part of the Earth's outer surface that is comprised of the ocean floor, mid-oceanic ridges, continental rise, and continental slope
hail	Hail is a solid form of precipitation that has a diameter greater than 5 millimeters
heart-starter	strong drink such as alcohol or coffee, taken early in the morning before work or activity.
paleolatitude	The initial latitude of a rock mass prior to its movement via plate tectonic.
basic solution	Any water solution that is basic (pH greater than 7) or has less hydrogen ions (H+) than hydroxide ions (OH-)
cinder	A bubbly (vesicular) volcanic rock fragment that form when molten, gas-filled lava is thrown into the air, then solidifies as it falls.
interbasin transfer	the physical transfer of water from one watershed to another; regulated by the Texas Water Code.
swm	Snohomish County Surface Water Management
brokerage of gas	The term applies to the activities and compensation in arranging for the sale of gas between producers and buyers.
benefit-cost ratio	The ratio of the value of a measure's savings to its cost.
mean higher high water	MEAN HIGH WATER SPRINGS (MHWS): The average height of the HIGH WATER occurring at the time of SPRING TIDES.
marketable gas	The volume of gas that can be sold to the market after allowing for removal of impurities and after accounting for any volumes used to fuel surface facilities
fair	It is usually used at night to describe less than 3/8 opaque clouds, no precipitation, no extremes of visibility, temperature or winds
outstation group	a homeland community, formed by those whose home country is not in the immediate area of an Aboriginal community.
tidal cycle	The periodic changes in the intensity of tides caused primarily by the varying relations between the earth, moon, and sun.
division of interest	An instrument used to indicate the division of various owners' interests in a particular property
locations	Point at which a well is to be drilled.Commonly termed ‘well site’.
watershed approach	a coordinated framework for environmental management that focuses public and private efforts on the highest priority problems within hydrologically defined geographic areas.
output	Movement of matter, energy, or information out of a system
occluded front	A transition zone in the atmosphere where an advancing cold air mass sandwiches a warm air mass between another cold air mass pushing the warm air into the upper atmosphere.
nipple	Any short piece of pipe, especially if threaded at both ends with male threads.
discovered resource	The quantity of gas and related substances that are estimated, at a particular time, to be initially contained in known accumulations that have been penetrated by a well bore.
meter swivel	The fitting that connects to the inlet and the outlet of a small gas meter.
effective radar reflectivity factor	See Equivalent Radar Reflectivity Factor.
volcanic ejecta blanket	A collective term for all the pyroclastic rocks deposited around a volcano, especially by a volcanic explosion.
demand charge	The portion of a rate for gas service which is billed to the customer whether they use the service or not
zone	A geographical area
tally	To measure and record the total length or pipe, casing or tubing that is to be run in a well.
straight-line hodograph	The name pretty well describes what it looks like on the hodograph
predatory lending	Abusive lending practices that include making a mortgage loan to an individual who does not have the income to repay it or repeatedly refinancing a loan, charging high points and fees each time and "packing" credit insurance on to a loan.
gulder	A double low water occurring on the south coast of England
enabling agreement	An agreement that provides the general terms and conditions for the purchase, sale, or exchange of electricity but does not list specific contract details or obligate either party to perform.
carry-cot	portable bassinet.
reservoir volume	The volume of a reservoir when filled to normal pool or water level.
volcanic neck	Solidified lava that fills the conduit of a volcano
fixed-rate mortgage	A mortgage with an interest rate that does not change during the entire term of the loan.
environmental impact study	A written report, compiled prior to a production decision, which examines the effects proposed mining activities will have on the natural surroundings of an exploration property
river ice statement	A public product issued by the RFC's containing narrative and numeric information on river ice conditions.
henry hub	A pipeline interchange, located in Vermilion Parish, Louisiana, which serves as the delivery point of natural gas futures contracts.
well	(water) any artificial excavation constructed for the purpose of exploring for or producing groundwater
glacial uplift	Upward movement of the Earth's crust following isostatic depression from the weight of the continental glaciers.
hit for six	utterly defeated, surprised or set back.
radio galaxy	a galaxy that gives off large amounts of energy in the form of radio waves.
peak discharge	Rate of discharge of a volume of water passing a given location
coral	A rocklike deposit formed in warm seas consisting of the calcium carbonate secreted by corals
aob	An acronym for "At or Below".
differentiation	Term used to describe the layered nature of a body or planet in space which has zones of differing density
san juan	Sandoval
conservation-energy	Means of reducing the energy resources required to do a task such as heating a house, transporting freight between two points, or producing steel.
severe weather statement	A National Weather Service product which provides follow up information on severe weather conditions (severe thunderstorm or tornadoes) which have occurred or are currently occurring.
capillary forces	forces that cause ground water to rise above the surface of the saturated zone into the spaces between soil particles in the unsaturated zone.
richter scale	The Richter-scale is a base-10 logarithmic scale, which means that e.g
colorado	Montezuma
appreiser	One qualified by education, training, and experience who is hired to estimate the value of real and personal property based upon experience, judgment, facts, and the use of the formal appraisal processes.
key bed	A rock stratum that can be identified over large areas and from which measurements can be taken to determine geologic structure.
triple bottom	A bullish reversal pattern characterized by three highs at roughly equal value.
stopbanks	Embankments along streams or on floodplains designed to confine river flows to a definite width for the protection of surrounding land from flooding.
altimetry	The measurement of elevation or altitude.
junk shot	One method of temporarily plugging an oil leak by shooting material such as shredded tires and golf balls into the broken wellhead.
firm energy	Energy sales which, although not subject to interruption for economic purposes, may be interrupted under force majeure conditions.
jurisdictional	That part of a natural gas company's business which is subject to the rules and regulations of the Commission
double flood	A flood tidal current where, after flood begins, the speed increases to a maximum called first flood; it then decreases, reaching a minimum flood near the middle of the flood period (and at some places it may actually run in an ebb direction for a short period); it then again floods to a maximum speed called second flood after which it decreases to slack water.
well	a bored, drilled, or driven shaft or a dug hole whose depth is greater than the largest surface dimension and whose purpose is to reach underground water supplies or oil or to store or bury fluids below ground.
contract demand	The amount of the system's capacity to deliver gas which a natural gas pipeline or distributor agrees to reserve for a particular customer and for which the customer agrees to pay a demand charge as specified in the applicable tariff
rack price	The price charged by a supplier of petroleum products for fuel purchased on an FOB basis at the seller's terminal, or "rack"
diamantina national park	formerly a pastoral holding, Diamantina was dedicated as a national park in 1992
endogenic	Refers to a system that is internal to the Earth.
casing	Used to line the walls of a gas well to prevent collapse of the well
limited partnership	A partnership in which the general partner or partners manage the partnership's activity and are solely liable for them
natural recharge	Naturally occurring water added to an aquifer
dew	Condensation of water on the Earth's surface because of atmospheric cooling.
glaciofluvial	Geomorphic feature whose origin is related to the processes associated with glacial meltwater.
continental divide	The elevated area that occurs on a continent that divides continental scale drainage basins.
soil classification	The New Zealand soil classification, which describes the characteristics, qualities and limitations of different soils
anticline	A geological term describing a fold in the earth's surface with strata sloping downward on both sides from a common crest
carbonate	A class of minerals
mortgage rate	The cost or the interest rate you pay to borrow the money to buy your house.
topographic map	Map that displays topography through the use of elevation contour lines
cooling coil	A coil of pipe or tubing used as a heat exchanger to cool material inside or outside the coil by means of colder material passing over or through the coil respectively.
give the game away	1
froude number	a dimensionless number comparing inertial and gravitational forces
angels	Radar echoes caused by birds, insects, and localized refractive index discontinuities.
moving average envelopes	Envelopes use moving averages which are sifted up or down by a certain percentage to establish a certain 'normal' band in which the price moves
landfill	an open area where trash is buried
leaky confining layer	a low-permeability layer that can transmit water at sufficient rates to furnish some recharge from an adjacent aquifer to a well.
tropical storm	It is a warm-core tropical cyclone that has maximum sustained surface wind speed (using the U.S
divvy-van	police van used to transport arrested people.
recharge boundary	See constant-head boundary.
give the shivers/willies	give (one) a feeling of revulsion, repugnance, fear.
semimajor axis	one-half of the longest dimension of an ellipse.
precipitable water	Amount of water potentially available in the atmosphere for precipitation
bog	a type of wetland that accumulates appreciable peat deposits
salt-bed storage	Storage of petroleum products in underground formations of salt whose cavities have been mined or leached out with superheated water.
crystallinity	A state of molecular structure in some resins which denotes uniformity and compactness in the molecular chains forming the polymers.
group 3	Formerly three railroad companies in Tulsa, Oklahoma
king richard the third	(rhyming slang) turd.
hydrostatic head	a measure of pressure at a given point in a liquid in terms of the vertical height of a column of the same liquid which would produce the same pressure.
third law of thermodynamics	This law states if all the thermal motion of molecules (kinetic energy) could be removed, a state called absolute zero would result and all energy would be randomly distributed.
age interval	A standard period of time, usually one year
ivms	In-vehicle monitoring system
thermal infrared radiation	Form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 3 to 14 micrometers (µm).
tcu	An acronym for Towering Cumulus.
multinational companies	A corporation that operates in more than one country
contract balancing	A process of managing the difference between the quantities received and delivered at various points under a contract during a defined period of time (i.e., hourly, daily, monthly, etc.).
velocity profile	The relationship between the velocity of fluid flowing adjacent to the conduit wall or membrane surface and that flowing at a distance from the wall or surface.
volatility	The degree to which a particular price has fluctuated in the past
hygroscopic water	Water held within 0.0002 millimeters of the surface of a soil particle
nickpoint	A place with an abrupt inflection in a stream profile, generally formed by the presence of a rock layer resistant to erosion; also, a sharp angle cut by currents at base of a cliff.
water conservation	Reducing water use, such as turning off taps, shortening shower times, and cutting back on outdoor irrigation.
laminar flow	Streamline flow in which successive flow particles follow similar path lines and head loss varies with velocity to the first power.
extinguishment	the loss of native title rights by means of a government act
noc	National oil company
actual cash value	An amount equal to the replacement value of damaged property minus depreciation.
age	An interval of geologic time; a division of an epoch.
capillary action	Movement of water along microscopic channels
ground water hydrology	The branch of hydrology that specializes in ground water; its occurrence and movements; its replenishment and depletion; the properties of rocks that control ground water movement and storage; and the methods of investigation and utilization of ground water.
bronze age	A period of human history characterised by the use of copper and its alloy, bronze, as the main material in the production of tools and weapons
mean low water	A tidal datum
transmission voltage	Voltage levels utilized for bulk transmission systems: generally 69 KV - 750 KV AC or DC.
mississippian period	The interval of geologic time from 354 million to 323 million years ago
functional horizons	A functional horizon is a soil layer defined by stoniness, texture, structure size and soil density
soil set	A convenient mapping unit used on general surveys, and is a grouping of soils with like profiles or like assemblages of profiles
afterslip	Aseismic slip, very similar to creep, that occurs along a fault ruptured by a large earthquake in the months following that event.
leased storage	Natural gas storage facilities owned and controlled by a storage operator, quite often the interstate pipeline's affiliate
take-or-pay credits	Credits provided by FERC Order No.500 which allow the pipeline to credit a quantity of gas it transports against its obligation to take a similar quantity of gas under a take-or-pay contract executed before June 23, 1987.
lithic contact	The contact of soil with underlying rock where the rock is hard or very hard, maybe cracked and shattered, is impracticable to dig with a spade, and is impenetrable to plant roots.
evapotranspiration	Combined loss of water to the atmosphere via the processes of evaporation and transpiration.
bajada	Consecutive series of alluvial fans forming along the edge of a linear mountain range
capacity margin	The amount of capacity above planned peak system demand available to provide for scheduled maintenance, emergency outages, system operating requirements, and unforeseen demand.
pipe tongs	A hand or power tool for gripping or rotating pipe.
deuterium	Isotope of hydrogen, with a nucleus containing one proton and one neutron, and an atomic mass number of 2.
settlement	(hist.) under international law of the 19th century, the annexation of territory by means of colonisation
deficiency based gic	See GAS INVENTORY CHARGE.
water gas	Made by passing steam over hot coke or other carbonaceous material; it consists of carbon monoxide and hydrogen with varying amounts of carbon dioxide and nitrogen
echo	Energy back scattered from a target (precipitation, clouds, etc.) and received by and displayed on a radar screen.
take-or-pay	A clause in a gas supply contract which provides that a minimum quantity of gas be paid for, whether or not delivery is accepted by the purchaser
closed basin	A basin draining to some depression or pond within its area, from which water is lost only by evaporation or percolation
injected gas	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
appreciation	An increase in the market value of a home due to changing market conditions and/or home improvements.
snapback effect	See REBOUND EFFECT.
speleogen	A bedrock form that results from differential solution of cave passages
lag time	The time taken for cuttings to reach the surface The term is also used in place of cycle time.
kite-flying	1
nuclear energy	Energy released when the nucleus of an atom experiences a nuclear reaction like the spontaneous emission of radioactivity, nuclear fission, or nuclear fusion.
porosity	a measure of the ratio of open space within a rock or soil to its total volume
perve on	to stare at, especially lustfully: e.g., He's always perving on the young girls.
lambda	The measure of the rate at which fuel is consumed relative to electric output, expressed in Btu's per kWh.
lease separator	A surface facility installed on a lease for the purpose of separating gases and/or water from liquid hydrocarbons.
indicator	A chemical or biological parameter that can be used to indicate the possible presence of other contaminants.
gibber plains	an arid, stony area of low relief on which small stones sometimes form a surface layer
cat cracker	A catalytic cracker.
squall line	A band of thunderstorm development found ahead of a cold front.
locked-in period	Normally settlement rates are developed using actual cost experience of the base period, as adjusted in the test period, allocated to estimated annual sales volumes
gingernut	a ginger-flavoured biscuit.
controls	Internal procedures to monitor the components of cost of service based on updated actual costs.
dishwater blonde	ash blonde.
wellbore	The hole made by a drilling bit
figure 11	HIGHER LOW WATER (HLW): The higher of the two low waters of any TIDAL DAY
draft	the act of drawing or removing water from a tank, reservoir or groundwater supply.
spray pond	Arrangement for lowering the temperature of water by evaporative cooling of the water in contact with outside air; the water to be cooled is sprayed by nozzles into the space above a body of previously cooled water and allowed to fall into it.
seepage lake	A lake that gets its water primarily from the seepage of groundwater.
storage coefficient	see storativity.
header	A pipe or fitting that interconnects a number of branch pipes.
ozonosphere	Another name for the ozone layer.
adsorption complex	The group of substances in the soil capable of adsorbing other materials
tundra	High latitude biome dominated by a few species of dwarf shrubs, a few grasses, sedges, lichens, and mosses
caliche	Meteorites are often found in desert areas covered or partially covered in a white encrustation of calcium material
rigging up	Before the work of drilling can be started but after the derrick has been built, tools and machinery must be installed and a supply of fuel and water must be established
galena	Lead sulfide (PbS), one of the lead ores mined in southeast Kansas.
escarpment	A long, more or less continuous cliff or relatively steep slope facing in one general direction, produced by erosion or faulting.
sweet gas	Natural gas not contaminated by corrosion inducing impurities such as hydrogen sulfide, or with a low level of impurities.
downhole	A term used to describe tools, equipment, and instruments used in the wellbore, or conditions or techniques applying to the wellbore.
flake	fillets of shark, commonly used in fish and chip shops.
the frack act	The Fracturing Responsibility and Awareness of Chemicals Act seeks to reverse some of the policies enacted in the 2005 energy policy and compel full disclosure of the chemicals, and specifically the concentrations of the chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing
safety shutoff	See VALVE, SAFETY SHUTOFF.
mottles	Spots or blotches of (often bright) colour different from the predominant soil colour
pm10	Particles less than 10 micrometres in diameter, including both fine and coarse dust particles
25.4900	20.4200
absolute pressure	Gauge pressure plus barometric pressure
expansion ratio	The ratio of gas volume after expansion to the gas volume before expansion.
mr	Medium range tanker, 25,000-49,999-dwt
fault	A fracture within rock structures where relative motion has occurred across the fracture surface.
ground water divide	A line on a water table where on either side of which the water table slopes downward
lahar	A lahar (also called a mudflow or debris flow) is a moving mixture of rock, water, and other debris that falls down the slopes of a volcano and/or a river valley
eruption column	A mixture of hot volcanic ash, gases and entrained atmospheric air that rises vertically above an erupting volcano to heights of several tens of kilometers in the earth's atmosphere
luminosity	the amount of light emitted by a star.
well input	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
contents	The volume of water in a reservoir
zone of saturation	Groundwater zone within the Earth's bedrock where all available pores spaces are filled by water
polar cell	Three-dimensional atmospheric circulation cell located at roughly 60 to 90° North and South of the equator
reservoir surface area	The surface area of a reservoir when filled to the normal pool or water level.
enterprise bargaining	a method by which workers negotiate their conditions directly with individual companies or single industries; the bargaining or negotiation of the terms and conditions of employment between employers and employees or their respective representatives at the enterprise level
acid mine drainage	water draining from areas that have been mined for coal or other mineral ores
boussinesq approximation	An approximation to the dynamical equations of motion whereby density is assumed to be constant except in the buoyancy term, -g\rho', of the vertical velocity equation
chaparral	A type of plant community common to areas of the world that have a Mediterranean climate (for example, California and Italy)
separation	The process of separating liquid and gas hydrocarbons and water
original	insane; mad; crazy.
geophysical exploration	The study of the physics of the Earth, especially its electrical, gravitational and magnetic fields and propagation of elastic (seismic) waves within it
chimney connector	The pipe which connects a fuel burning appliance to a chimney.
gabbro	A dark igneous rock of coarse grain size, which is relatively rich in iron and magnesium minerals.
quasi-stationary	Describes a low or high pressure area or a front that is nearly stationary.
scraggers	Footscray VFL football team.
cape schanck lighthouse	a navigational light on the entrance to Port Phillip Bay
legislative council	the Upper House of Parliament, traditionally a non-party House
teacake	a light yeast-based usually sweet bun eaten at tea, often toasted.
hydronics	Heating and/or cooling with circulated water.
main extension	The addition of pipe to an existing main to serve new customers.
chimney effect	The tendency of air or gas in a duct, vertical passage, or building to rise when heated due to its lower density compared to the surrounding air or gas.
aerobic	(1) Having molecular oxygen as a part of the environment
apogee	the point in orbit farthest from the Earth.
block	Agreement entered into with a host country granting the company the right to explore and produce oil and gas in a designated area, in return for paying to the government licence fees and royalties on production
evergreen clause	A provision in a contract that provides for the automatic extension of the contract for specified periods beyond the primary term unless either party specifically elects to terminate the contract by giving the required notice prior to the anniversary date.
flaggy	Term used to describe sedimentary or metamorphic rocks that tend to split into layer that are 1-10 cm thick.
remediation	the sympathetic treatment of the external areas of a proposed development employed to counteract negative landscape and visual effects (part of reduction)
propane	A gas, the molecule of which is composed of three carbon and eight hydrogen atoms
moonrise	The time when the upper limb of the moon appears above the sensible horizon (no adjustment made for elevation of observer or atmospheric refraction).
industrial service	See CLASS OF SERVICE.
seaward	Positioned or located away from land but towards an ocean or sea.
fort nepean	(hist.) the first of a series of forts built to protect the entrance to Port Phillip Bay
eluviation	Movement of humus, chemical substances, and mineral particles from the upper layers of a soil to lower layers by the downward movement of water through the soil profile
eye off	to stare at with desire or want (often with the intention of buying or stealing): e.g., Don't eye off another man's wife!
golden rule	Certain parties have advanced the concept of the "Golden Rule" in pipeline rate cases
variable costs	Input costs that change as the nature of the production activity of its circumstances change; for example, as production levels vary.
groundwater storage	the storage of water in groundwater reservoirs.
high water	(abbreviated HW; also called high tide)
sand ripples	Another term used for wind ripples.
ground elevation	The height of land above sea level.
reclamation	Process of restoring the surface area of a decommissioned wellsite, access road and related facilities to pre-operational conditions as is technically and economically feasible.
mars	Planet fourth in order from the sun
chart datum	quadrature
common costs	See COSTS, COMMON.
safety engineering	The planning, development, improvement, coordination and evaluation of the safety component of integrated systems of people, materials, equipment and environments to achieve optimum safety effectiveness in terms of protection of people and property.
mass spectrometer	an instrument for determining chemical species in terms of isotopic mass and relative abundances of isotopes within a compound
attenuation	Any process in which the flux density (power) of a beam of energy is dissipated.
artesian well	A well obtaining its water from an artesian or confined aquifer in which the water level in the well rises above the top of the aquifer
distillation	water treatment method where water is boiled to steam and condensd in a separate reservoir
artesian aquifer	An aquifer in which ground water is confined under pressur significantly greater than atmospheric pressure
hardness	A property of a mineral
minor items	(Definition taken from the FERC Uniform System of Accounts, effective April 1, 1986)
cross over	Piping used to connect two or more pipelines.
sedimentary rock	A rock formed by the accumulation and cementation of mineral grains transported by water (and less commonly by wind or ice), or by the precipitation of minerals from water.
reserves additions	Incremental changes to established reserves from the discovery of new pools and/or reserves appreciation.
antecedent precipitation index	A measure of how much moisture in the top layer of soil within a drainage basin
darcy	A unit used to measure permeability.
pastoral	1
topography	The natural or physical surface features of a region, considered collectively as to form; the features revealed by the contour lines of a map.
conservation biology	Multidisciplinary science that deals with the conservation of genes, species, communities, and ecosystems that make up Earth's biodiversity
producer contracted reserves	The volume of recoverable, salable gas reserves committed to or controlled by the reporting pipeline company as the buyer in gas purchase contracts with independent producers, as sellers, including warranty contracts, and which are used for acts and services for which the company has received certificate authorization from the FERC.
sea-level pressure	Average atmospheric pressure at sea-level
mdq	The term MDQ refers to maximum daily quantity of gas which a buyer, seller, or transporter is obligated to receive or deliver at each receipt or delivery point or in the aggregate as specified in an agreement.
probability	Statistical chance that an event will occur.
tubing	Small diameter pipe which is installed in the casing
steady state equilibrium	In this type of equilibrium the average condition of the system remains unchanged over time.
open outcry	A trading system in which members trade verbally on a trading floor
warm air advection	Transport of warm air into an area by horizontal winds
non-point source pollution	Pollution that originates from the accumulation of low concentrations of pollutants collected over a large area
acre	A measure of land equaling 43,560 square feet; or 4,840 square yards; or 160 square rods; or a tract about 208.71 feet square.
expectancy	See REMAINING LIFE.
pressure	The energy given to groundwater by the weight of energy overlying water and earth materials.
aeration	the mixing or turbulent exposure of water to air and oxygen to dissipate volatile contaminants and other pollutants into the air.
lamination	Very thin layer of less than 1 cm thickness.
knocked up	1
multiple symbols	Denote that, at the scale of mapping, there are two or more inventory factors or land use capability classes present within the mapping unit
infiltration	the entrance or flow of water into the soil, sediment or rocks of the Earth's surface
evapotranspiration	A combination of evaporation from open bodies of water, evaporation from soil surfaces, and transpiration from the soil by plants.
kickoff point	The depth in a directional well where the curve begins from the bottom of the vertical portion of a well.
amphidromic region	An oceanic region whose cotidal lines radiate from one amphidromic point.
absolute open flow	The number of cubic feet of gas per 24 hours that would be produced by a well if the only pressure against the face of the producing sand in the well bore were atmospheric pressure.
tangible equipment costs	Expenditures for tangible property, such as drilling equipment and machinery are recoverable through a depreciation allowance that spans for five to seven years.
lahar	Mudflow comprised of mainly volcanic debris.
anodic polarization	(1) Polarization of anode, that is, the decrease in the initial anode potential resulting from current flow effects at or near the anode surface
kansas-nebraska method	A method used to functionalize Administrative and General (A&G) costs
built-up [lcdb2 classification]	Central business districts, suburban dwellings, commercial and industrial areas, and horticultural sites dominated by structures and sealed surfaces.
ceiling light	A type of cloud-height indicator that uses a focused light to project vertically a narrow beam of light onto a cloud base.
terrigenous sediment	Sediment eroded from the land, or a continent, and deposited in water (generally in a marine environment).
nwsh	The National Weather Service Headquarters.
absorption rate	An estimate of the rate at which a particular classification of space - such as new office space, new housing, new condominium units and the like - will be sold or occupied each year.
red data books	Red Data Books are now an established method of presenting factual information abut the status of the rarest and most threatened animals and plants
flat-top	rigid truck.
warm desert	Desert found in the subtropics or interiors of continents at the middle latitudes where precipitation is low and surface air temperatures are high.
solar system	The collection of celestial bodies that orbit around the Sun.
mortgage broker	An independent finance professional who specializes in bringing together borrowers and lender to facilitate real estate mortgages.
artificial control	A weir or other man-made structure which serves as the control for a stream-gauging station.
vacuum distillation	Distillation that occurs at a pressure somewhat below atmospheric pressure
down time	The length of time lost during an operation because of non-scheduled stoppages such as failure, delay, etc.
leakage survey	A systematic search for the purpose of locating leaks in a gas piping system.
irc	(see: Industrial Relations Commission).
shale	Fine grained sedimentary rock composed of lithified clay particles.
ambient vaporizer	A vaporizer which derives energy for vaporizing and heating LNG from storage conditions to send out conditions from naturally occurring sources such as the atmosphere, sea water, or geothermal waters.
discovery	A find of significant quantities of gas or oil.
zone forecast product	This National Weather Service product will provide the general public with a clear statement of the expected weather conditions within a given county or set of counties
joint venture	A large-scale project in which two or more parties cooperate
viscosity	The tendency of a fluid to resist flowing due to internal forces such as the attraction of the molecules for each other (cohesion) or the friction of the molecules during flow
secondary market	In natural gas, the trading of transportation capacity.
rec	Regional electric company
probable reserves	Reserves that are not proven but are estimated to have a better-than-50% chance of being technically and economically productive.
bar	An obstacle formed at the shallow entrance to the mouth of a river or bay which empties into the ocean.
tariff gas	Gas purchased by gas distributors from gas pipelines
esker	Long twisting ridges of sand and gravel found on the Earth's surface
lee	Side of a slope that is opposite to the direction of flow of ice, wind, or water
terrace	An abandoned flood plain formed when a stream flowed at a level above the level of its present channel and flood plain.
point source pollution	Pollution that originates at a single location, such as a factory waste discharge pipe.
appraiser	A professional who conducts an analysis of the property, including references to sales of comparable properties in order to develop an estimate of the value of the property
terawatt hours	one thousand Gigawatt hours.
metamorphic	From the Greek "meta" (change) and "morph" (form)
daylighting	Restoring a section of a stream that has been confined in a culvert or storm sewer to an above-ground channel.
red tide	A growth of dinoflagellates (single-celled plant-like animals) in surface waters in such quantities as to color the sea red and kill fish.
mare	A dark, low-lying lunar plain, filled to some depth with volcanic rocks.
bottom-cycle plants	An energy system which produces heat first for process use and electricity as a by-product.
overflow rate	one of the guidelines for design of the settling tanks and clarifiers in a treatment plant.
outlaw gangs	motorcycle gangs.
unconfined aquifer	An aquifer that is not bounded above by an aquitard; water levels in wells screened in an unconfined aquifer coincide with the elevation of the water table.
upper-level disturbance	A disturbance in the upper atmospheric flow pattern which is usually associated with clouds and precipitation
prehistoric	A catch-all term for the pre-Roman periods
isotope	Elements having an identical number of protons in their nuclei but differing in their number of neutrons
breast height	An average height of 4.5 feet above the ground surface; the point on a tree where diameter measurements are ordinarily taken.
vacuum-relieving device	A device to automatically admit air or gas into space at a pressure below atmospheric.
carpet	to severely berate, criticise, chastise.
crust	Earth's outer most layer of solid rock
coalbed	A geological layer or stratum of coal parallel to the rock stratification.
refraction	Process where insolation is redirect to a new direction of travel after entering another medium.
mean sea level	The average height of the surface of the sea at a particular location for all stages of the tide over a 19-year period
inundation map	A map delineating the area that would be inundated in the event of a dam failure.
spring	Where a small stream of water emerges naturally from the ground.
pressure head	Energy contained by fluid because of its pressure, usually expressed in feet of fluid (foot pounds per pound).
expense	something spent (such as money, time or effort) to secure a benefit or bring about a result
rego	registration, especially for a vehicle.
high pressure distribution system	See SYSTEM TYPE.
step-out well	Well drilled adjacent or near to proven well to ascertain the limits of the reservoir
mineralization	Decomposition of organic matter into its inorganic elemental components.
plate press filters	Mechanical dewatering devices that hydraulically compress a filter pack comprising a series of diaphragms incorporating a porous cloth
iron lung	an Esky; portable ice-box.
lemon aspen	a small, pale-yellow fruit with a tart, citrus flavor.
burnup	Measure of the total energy released by nuclear fuel per unit of its mass, typically measured in gigawatt days/mt or gigawatt days/mt of heavy metal.
cb	An acronym for cumulonimbus.
alluvial aquifer	An aquifer formed by material laid down by physical processes in a river channel or on a floodplain.
ncs	Norwegian Continental Shelf
highly enriched uranium	Any form of uranium with a uranium-235 concentration of 20% or higher
sanitary sewers	underground pipes that carry off only domestic or industrial waste, not storm water.
brine	A salt water and chemical mix that is produced after fracking a well
head	The energy that causes groundwater to flow. It is the sum of the gravitational energy and the pressure energy.
bar screen	in wastewater treatment, a device used to remove large solids from the incoming wastewater stream.
irreducible water saturation	The fraction of the pore volume occupied by water in a reservoir at maximum hydrocarbon saturation
cross-contamination	a condition created when a drill hole, boring, or improperly constructed well forms a pathway for fluid movement between a saturated zone which contains pollutants and a formerly separated saturated zone containing uncontaminated groundwater
temperature salinity diagram	A graph with temperature as ordinate and salinity as abscissa, on which the points observed at a single oceanographic serial station are joined by a curve (the T-S curve ).
inverness	In William Shakespeare's Macbeth, the location in Scotland of Macbeth's castle.
blocking high	The development of a warm ridge or cutoff high aloft at high latitudes which becomes associated with a cold high at the surface, causing a split in the westerly winds
perigee	The closest distance between moon and earth or the earth and sun.
gas plant	Any plant which performs one of the following functions: removing liquefiable hydrocarbons from wet gas or casinghead gas (gas processing); removing undesirable gaseous and particulate elements from natural gas (gas treatment); removing water or moisture from the gas stream (dehydration)
overfire air	Modification to allow an increase of air entering the furnace above the fire and reduction of air entering near the coal.
sinkhole	A pit like hole in found in areas of karst
conventional gas	Conventional gases are found in traditional natural gas reservoirs
lashings	plenty; lots of: e.g., I'll have lashings of cream on my peaches.
isobaric chart	Same as a constant pressure chart.
member	A formal stratigraphic unit next in rank below a formation
gin's handbag	a cardboard cask housing a plastic bladder filled with low-quality, usually very sweet, wine
estuarine waters	deepwater tidal habitats and tidal wetlands that are usually enclosed by land but have access to the ocean and are at least occasionally diluted by freshwater runoff from the land (such as bays, mouths of rivers, salt marshes, lagoons).
exit temperature	The flue gas temperature taken at the point where the gas leaves the combustion chamber.
deriming	Adding heat to remove accumulated solid water or carbon dioxide constituents from low-temperature process equipment.
his lordship	1
wind ripples	Wind ripples are miniature sand dunes between 5 centimeters and 2 meters in length and 0.1 to 5 centimeters in height
marine inversion	A temperature inversion created by the cooling of a warm airmass from below by the cool lakes on spring and summer days
specific capacity	The rate of discharge of a water well per unit of drawdown
ref	Market abbreviation for refinery, used for example in contracts specifying material sold ex-refinery: ex-ref.
gibber country	(see: gibber plains).
contamination	The introduction of materials which makes otherwise potable water unfit or less acceptable for use.
ultimate potential	A term used to refer to an estimate of the marketable resources that will be developed in an area by the time that exploratory and development activity has ceased, having regard for the geological prospects of an area, known technology and economics
mesosphere	Atmospheric layer found between the stratosphere and the thermosphere
load diversity	The difference between the sum of the peaks of two or more individual loads and the peak of the combined load
alluvial fan	Land counterpart of a delta
perennial	Perennial describes something that lasts indefinitely; for example a stream that flows all year round or a plant that lives through the winter and flowers again.
sustainability	A concern for the long-term viability of a resource which allows the present generation to meet their needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs.
outlet	The term used to describe the spout assembly of some pumps.
direct participation program	A business venture structured to allow investors to directly participate in the cash flow and tax benefits of the underlying investment.
administrative law judge	The officer designated by the FERC to conduct the proceedings in a rate or other tariff filing.
dry gas	The volume of gas remaining after all water and natural gas liquids have been removed.
severance tax	A tax due to the state on oil or gas produced or "severed" from the earth.
meteoric water	Water derived from precipitation.
selling expenses	Expenses incurred in marketing interests in securities and commonly paid out of the investor’s capital investment.
ohm	A unit of electrical resistance
bod	Biological Oxygen Demand
liner	a relatively impermeable barrier designed to keep leachate inside a landfill; an insert or sleeve for sewer pipes to prevent leakage or infiltration.
exploration	The search for oil and gas by carrying out geological and geophysical surveys, followed by exploratory drilling in the most promising locations.
oxisol	Soil order (type) of the United States Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Classification System
head-hunting	1
seepage [wetlands classification]	An area on a slope which carries a moderate to steady flow of groundwater, often also surface water, but less than would be considered a spring or a stream
environmental gradient	Spatial gradient where abiotic and biotic factors vary.
magnetic reversal	A change in the polarity of the Earth's magnetic field
reg	Abbreviation for Regular gasoline
compound	A substance made of up two or more elements chemically combined.
cyclone	An area of low atmospheric pressure that has a closed circulation
lake-effect snow advisory	This product is issued by the National Weather Service when pure lake effect snow (this is where the snow is a direct result of lake effect snow and not because of a low pressure system) may pose a hazard or it is life threatening
slump	Slump is a type of mass wasting in which a mass of soil moves as a single unit down slope along a curved failure surface
basin	A depression of large size, which maybe of structural or erosional origin
stipper oil well	An oil well capable of producing no more than 10 barrels of oil per day.
stratigraphic trap	A type of reservoir capable of trapping oil or gas due to changes in porosity and permeability or to the termination of the reservoir bed.
wetlands	transitional lands between terrestrial and aquatic systems where the water table is usually at or near the surface, or the land is covered by shallow water
common stock equity	The funds (including retained earnings) invested in the business by the residual owners whose claims to income and assets are subordinate to all other claims.
native species	Species that normally exists and reproduces in a specific region of the Earth
top lease	A (conditional) type of lease that may be granted by the mineral-rights owner of a property while an pre-existing recorded lease of that property is nearing expiration, but nonetheless is still in effect
lemon gum	any of several trees, usually eucalypts, especially the gum, E
hard water	See hardness.
rain-free base	A dark, horizontal cloud base with no visible precipitation beneath it
bypass	Obtaining service from a new supplier without utilizing the facility of the former supplier.
stack effect	The tendency of a heated gas to rise in a vertical passage as in a chimney, small enclosure, or stairwell.
flask	Unit and container for measuring mercury, equal to 76lb.
bankruptcy	Legally declared unable to pay your debts as they become due
catastrophism	The outmoded belief that the earth was formed from a series of spontaneous catastrphic events such as floods, volcanoes and earthquakes.
cracked	Adjective normally referring to molecules broken by non-distillation refining processes
gust	A brief sudden increase in wind speed
scrimpy	meagre; paltry.
cretaceous period	The interval of geologic time between 142 and 65 million years ago
heat island	The dome of relatively warm air which develops over the center of urbanized areas.
south atlantic current	An eastward flowing current of the South Atlantic Ocean that is continuous with the northern edge of the Antarctic circumpolar current .
mantle	part of the Earth globe located between the lithosphere and core, 2 900 km thick and composed of fluid silicated magma.
phenocryst	A term used to describe large crystal embedded in a mass of finer crystals (groundmass) in an igneous rock.
starch	Complex carbohydrate composed of thousands of glucose units
monitoring well	Non-pumping well used primarily for drawing water-quality samples; also for measuring ground-water levels.
initial detention	The volume of water on the ground, either in depressions or in transit, at the time active runoff begins.
water flooding	A process in underground mining such as oil recovery in which oil or a mineral from underground formations is replaced by an infusion of warm, softened water thus bringing the underground substance to the surface for recovery
hvac system	A system that provides either collectively or individually the processes of comfort heating, ventilation and/or cooling within or associated with a building.
isothermal layer	Vertical layer in the atmosphere where temperature remains unchanged
normal year	A year during which the precipitation or stream flow approximates the average for a long period of record.
derwent	the port at Hobart Town, as used in shipping reports and clearances, rather than the town it supported (similarly, Port Jackson was used rather than Sydney); gradually, the city names supplanted the old port names
full requirements	A sale of power or energy by a utility in which the utility pledges to meet all of the customer's requirements.
g-p	General purpose
wave period	The time it takes for two successive wave crests or troughs to pass a fixed point in the ocean.
turbidity	the state of having sediment or foreign particles suspended or stirred up in water
hang rods	To suspend sucker rods in a derrick or mast on rod hangers rather than to place them horizontally on a rack.
knackers	1
sustainabilty	For Santos, sustainability is a way of doing business that improves outcomes for its employees, shareholders, business partners and the communities in which Santos operates
usgs	United States Geological Survey
acre	The most common of land measure in the United States
short-term waterlogging	The risk of short periods (up to one week) of anaerobic conditions in the soil after heavy rain, which can have marked effects on plant growth and yield
leaching	A solution mining process to remove salt and form gas storage caverns in salt domes.
firing rate	The rate at which fuel is fed to a burner, expressed as volume, heat units, or weight per unit time.
aramco	Technically refers to a now-defunct US-Saudi company
selu	Cherokee corn goddess.
salt dome	a domed-shaped incursion of salt into overlying formations caused by low-density salt deposits rising through higher density formations overlying the salt deposit.
transfer capability	The overall capacity of interprovincial or international power lines, together with the associated electrical system facilities, to transfer power and energy from one electrical system to another.
low pressure system	A weather phenomenon where the atmospheric pressure of an area is lower than the surrounding air
separator	A piece of equipment for separating one substance from another when they are intimately mixed, such as removing oil from water, oil from gas, ash from flue gas, or tramp iron from coal.
oxia	Oxia Palus - from the Latin, an oasis on the Oxus Canal, which flowed into the Oxianus Lacus (the modern-day Sea of Aral).
lcm	Loss circulation material
coated pipe	See PIPE, COATED.
ph	a numerical measure of acidity or alkalinity
price control	The setting of limits on prices by government order
laser altimeter	an instrument used to measure distance between two points by means of the traveltime of a pulse of light
leeward	Downwind side of an elevated area like a mountain
llw	See lower low water
$22.5200	$.319015
pore	A discrete void within a rock, which can contain air, water, hydrocarbons or other fluids
vad	An acronym for Velocity Azimuth Display.
butane splitter	A type of fractionator vessel at a gas reformer plant that produces commercial propane as well as normal and isobutanes
granulation	a pattern of small cells that can be seen on the surface of the Sun
fly-blown	1
sublimation	formation of a gas from a solid, or vice-versa, without passing through the liquid phase
backing	It is the counterclockwise turning of the wind direction as we move up through the atmosphere
contour / contour line	A line which joins points of equal height above a given level, such as mean sea level
situs	The location of a property.
purchaser	A purchaser is the party who buys the gas from a supplier
pastoral company	a commercial enterprise engaged in large-scale stock-raising.
casing	Steel pipe cemented in place in an oil or gas well as the drilling progresses or when the well is completed
wfo	A National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office.
naturally occurring radioactive materials	All radioactive elements found in the environment, including long-lived radioactive elements such as uranium, thorium, and potassium and any of their decay products, such as radium and radon.
net revenue interest	The percentage of revenues due an interest holder in a property, net of royalties or other burdens on the property
reflectivity	The radar operator uses this radar product to determine the strength or the intensity of a precipitation target
apogee	A point in the Moon's orbit where it is furthest from the Earth.
downdraft	A small-scale column of air that rapidly sinks toward the ground, usually accompanied by precipitation as in a shower or thunderstorm
datum	1
true south	Direction of the South Pole from an observer on the Earth.
orbit	The path of one celestial body moving around another under the force of gravity.
river recreation statement	A statement released by the NWS to inform river users of current and forecast river and lake conditions
advis	A program which combines the Antecedent Precipitation Index (API) method of estimating runoff with unit hydrograph theory to estimate streamflow for a headwater basin.
neap tide	Tide that occurs every 14 to 15 days and coincides with the first and last quarter of the moon
staccato lightning	A Cloud to Ground (CG) lightning discharge which appears as a single very bright, short-duration stroke, often with considerable branching.
core customers	Residential and small commercial customers who must rely on the traditional distributor bundled service of sales and transportation
tool pusher	The supervisor of drilling rig operations.
distillate	Liquid hydrocarbons, usually colorless and of high API gravity, recovered from wet gas by a separator that condenses the liquid out of the gas.
puts/calls ratio	The ratio of puts to calls in an options market.
favored nation clause	A provision in a gas purchase contract between a purchaser and a producer which increases the price to be paid for natural gas if any producer in the same field receives a higher price for natural gas than the price stipulated in the contract.
lien	A claim or charge on property for payment of some debt
manhole	An opening into a tank, boiler, furnace, vault, or other equipment through which a person can enter to service equipment; can be sealed with a removable plate or door.
dipole pattern	The systematic polarity pattern or spatial distribution of concentrated + and - strike points of lightning flashes on the ground
semidiurnal	Having a period or cycle of approximately one-half of a tidal day
load	The amount of electric power delivered or required at any specified point or points on a system
co2 injection	A secondary recovery technique in which carbon dioxide (CO2) is injected into wells as part of a miscible recovery program.
flying doctor	a doctor who provides aeromedical support and primary health care in rural and remote areas, often through the Royal Flying Doctor Service.
fissure	A relatively wide planar opening in bedrock that originated as a fracture or fault
heliosphere	the space within the broundary of the heliopause containing the Sun and solar system.
fortuna	In Roman mythology, goddess of fortune, chance and luck.
warning	A product issued by NWS local offices indicating that a particular weather hazard is either imminent or has been reported
ebb current	the movement of a tidal current away from shore or down a tidal river or estuary
percolation path	The course followed by water moving or percolating through any other permeable material, or under a dam which rests upon a permeable foundation.
room heater	See HEATER, ROOM.
typhoon	A tropical cyclone of hurricane strength in the Western Pacific Ocean.
radiation	Energy emitted in the form of electromagnetic waves
spot price	Current one-time purchase price.
mulch	material spread on the ground to reduce soil erosion and evaporation of water; include hay, plastic sheeting and wood chips
urban flooding	Flooding of streets, underpasses, low lying areas, or storm drains
volatile acids	Acids produced during digestion
aetas	the Philippines' semi-nomadic Negrito tribes inhabiting mountainous areas where an abundant supply of games and crops are found
drilling platform	An offshore platform used to drill exploration and development wells but lacking the processing facilities of a production platform.
settled production	The second phase of production in the producing life of a well
sinking	controlling oil spills by using an agent to trap the oil and sink it to the bottom of the body of water where the agent and the oil are biodegraded.
fecal coliform	the portion of the coliform bacteria group which is present in the intestinal tracts and feces of warm-blooded animals
weathering	The process by which Earth materials change when exposed to conditions at or near the Earth's surface and different from the ones under which they formed
knock bandy	completely overwhelm, defeat, flabbergast (someone).
altitude	Height expressed as the distance above a reference point, which is normally sea level or ground level.
rip current	A strong, narrow current of surface water that flows seaward through the surf into deeper water
overbank flows	the component of an instream flow regime that represents infrequent, high flow events that exceed the normal channel
carbon dioxide flooding	A tertiary crude oil recovery process in which CO2 is injected in the reservoir under conditions that result in the mixing of the injected fluid and the reservoir fluid, making the fluid more viscous and pumpable.
actual cost	In rate base determination
laminar flow	Movement of water within a stream that occurs as uninterrupted parallel flows
special avalanche warning	Issued by the National Weather Service when avalanches are imminent or occurring in the mountains
rockfall	Type of mass movement that involves the detachment and movement of a small block of rock from a cliff face to its base
capillary zone	The soil area just above the water table where water can rise up slightly through the cohesive force of capillary action
disinfection byproducts	halogenated organic chemicals formed when water is disinfected.
ntde	See National Tidal Datum Epoch
gas*flow	A set of standard record formats supporting the electronic data interchange of the documents described in the Nominations/Allocations Subcommittee and the Volume Imbalance Subcommittee reports.
futures market	A market trading in contracts to buy and sell a
purge	To displace gas, liquids, or foreign matter from piping, tanks, and equipment with other gases or liquids.
thalweg	Line of deepest water in a stream channel as seen from above
for toffee	(prec
mosaic	a composite picture formed by assembling overlapping aerial or orbital spacecraft photographs taken from different camera positions, or from the same camera position but at different angles.
littoral drift	The sediment that is transported by waves and currents through beach drift and longshore drift along coastal areas.
subsea permafrost	Form of permafrost that exists beneath the sea in ocean sediments.
revolution	See Earth revolution.
equator	Location on the Earth that has a latitude of 0°.
salinity	The total quantity of dissolved salts in water, usually measured by weight in milligrams per liter (mg/L) or parts per million (ppm)
planning permission	Formal approval sought from a local government Mineral Planning Authority
interference	Form of competition where an individual directly prevents the physical establishment of another individual in a portion of a habitat.
mixing	Air movements (usually vertical) that make the properties of the air with a parcel homogeneous
snow pillow	An instrument used to measure snow water equivalents
weight	The force with which the Earth's (or any celestial body's) gravity pulls down on something.
turn-on	Initiation of utility service.
working interest	Interest retained by the company in a given concession after joint venture or other agreements have been executed and includes interests held by both wholly owned and partially ownded subsidiaries
private placement offering	A securities (investment) offering not intended for the general public
floating lng	A floating LNG is created by installing an LNG plant on a large vessel
impeller	A set of mounted blades used to impart motion to a fluid air or gas (such as the rotor of a centrifugal pump).
water to carbon ratio	The ratio by weight of the amount of water to carbon compounds in a gas (vapor) stream.
watertight	A condition existing in water treatment equipment and materials of such precision of construction and fit as to be impermeable to water unless sufficient pressure occurs to cause rupture.
outer core	The liquid part of the Earth's core, lying between about 2900 km and 5100 km depth.
phosphate retention	A measure of the soil’s ability to adsorb P onto soil particles
producer	Any party owning, controlling, managing, or leasing any gas well and/or party who produces in any manner natural gas by taking it from the earth or waters.
bundled service	Gas sales service and transportation service packaged together in a single transaction in which the pipeline, on behalf of the utility, buys gas from producers and then delivers it to the utility.
geothermal gradient	The rate of increase of temperature in the earth with depth
iron gangs	(hist.) there were two types of services that a convict entered
ansi x12	American National Standards Institute X12 Committee - The committee sanctioned by ANSI for developing and maintaining U.S
photosynthesis	process in which chlorophyll-containing cells convert light into chemical energy, forming organic compounds from inorganic compounds
recoverable heat	That portion of thermal input to a prime mover that is not converted to mechanical power and can be reclaimed for utilization.
biodiversity	the variety of plant, animal, and microorganism species present in the ecosystem and the community structures the form.
instantaneous technical potential	An estimate of energy savings based on the assumption that all existing appliances, equipment, building-shell measures, and industrial processes are instantly replaced with the most efficient commercially available units.
irrigation	supplying water to agriculture by artificial means, such as pumping water onto crops in an area where rainfall is insufficient
barotropic instability	An instability associated with shear and jet flows that grows by extracting kinetic energy from the mean flow.
exploration	A general term referring to all efforts made in the search and discovey for new oil and gas deposits.
permeability	A measure of the ease with which a fluid such as water or oil moves through a rock when the pores are connected
hobson's choice	no choice at all; one takes either the thing offered or nothing.
ida	In Greek mythology, the mountain on Crete where Zeus spent his childhood.
fissure	Opening or crack in the Earth's crust.
entrainment	One of three distinct processes involved in erosion
volcanic pipe	A dyke reaches the surface of the Earth
systolic	the squeezing of the heart ventricles as they push blood along the arteries.
secko	sexual pervert.
glory box	a large chest in which a young woman collects household items in preparation for marriage; a hope chest
cable	A rope of wire, hemp, or other strong fibers; or braided wire used to conduct electricity, often called power cable.
lock in	Generally, to unseal a gas meter and start gas service by opening the meter stop (valve)
noctilucent clouds	High altitude clouds composed of ice crystals that appear to glow silver or bright blue shortly after sunset.
swash	A thin sheet of water that moves up the beach face after a wave of water breaks on the shore.
acid mine drainage	The outflow of acidic water from where the earth has been disturbed
fish and boat commission	Because of the Marcellus gas drilling impact on waterways, this state department has also emerged as an active regulator of Marcellus shale drilling in Pennsylvania.
congestion	When prices trade at similar levels over a period of time, the chart becomes cluttered with business at these levels and is referred to as 'congested'
bunker c	A residual fuel used as ship's fuel, which usually has a high sulfur content and high viscosity.
virgo cluster	a gigantic cluster of over 2000 galaxies that is located mainly within the constellation of Virgo
glacial quarrying	A common mechanical weathering process in alpine glaciated terrain where glacial ice frozen into cracks in the bedrock literally "pluck" rock material from the valley floor.
storage cycle	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
wellhead protection area	The surface and subsurface area surrounding a well or well field that supplies a public water system through which contaminants are likely to pass and eventually reach the water well(s) as designated under the Federal Clean Water Act
rate adjustment provisions	A provision in a tariff which provides for changes in rates or total charges because of changes in specified items of cost, such as fuel price, purchased gas, tax, etc.
division order	A document that directs the purchaser to pay the named interest owners for oil and gas in the proportions specified in a particular well
permeable	Allowing water to infiltrate.
reclaimed water	wastewater that has been cleaned so that it can be reused for most purposes except drinking
drought	Climatic condition where water loss due to evapotranspiration is greater than water inputs through precipitation.
sediment	in the context of water quality, soil particles, sand, and minerals dislodged from the land and deposited into aquatic systems as a result of erosion.
gradient	the ratio of pressure per unit depth.
static water level	elevation or level of the water table in a well when the pump is not operating; the level or elevation to which water would rise in a tube connected to an artesian aquifer or basin in a conduit under pressure.
payback period	The time required for the cumulative operational saving of a DSM (or other) option to equal the investment cost of that option.
hydrosphere	The region that includes all the earth's liquid water, frozen water, floating ice, frozen upper layer of soil, and the small amounts of water vapor in the earth's atmosphere.
flame geometry	The measure of flame shape and dimension
cumuliform anvil	A thunderstorm anvil with visual characteristics resembling cumulus-type clouds (rather than the more typical fibrous appearance associated with cirrus)
ans preferred number	Series of numbers preferentially selected for standardization purposes
equity return	The after-tax return to common and preferred stockholders.
outer mongolia	any remote, sparsely populated area.
vapor pressure	The pressure exerted by a vapor held in equilibrium with its solid or liquid state.
accretion	The accumulation of material into a celestial body.
tropopause	The tropopause is a relatively thin atmospheric transition layer found between the troposphere and the stratosphere
tertiary consumer	Organisms that occupy the fourth trophic level in the grazing food chain
rate design - united	The term "United rate design" refers to a method of determining demand and commodity rates whereby 75% of fixed costs are classified in the commodity component and 25% in the demand component.
lagoon	An expanse of shallow salt or brackish water separated from the deeper sea by a form of barrier such as a sand bank, shingle spit or coral reef
assignment	The legal instrument whereby oil and gas leases are assigned/conveyed.
mantle	highly viscous layer directly under the crust, and above the outer core.
earth rotation	Refers to the spinning of the Earth on its polar axis.
critical flow	A condition of flow where the mean velocity is at one of the critical values; ordinarily at Belanger's critical depth and velocity
effective precipitation	the part of precipitation which produces runoff; a weighted average of current and antecedent precipitation "effective" in correlating with runoff
pastoral license	(see: pastoral lease).
day length	Period of time for a location on the Earth when insolation from the Sun is being received.
law of stream number	Morphometric relationship observed in the number of stream segments of a particular classification order in stream channel branching
stream power	a measure of energy available to move sediment, or any other particle in a stream channel
quadrature	The position of the phase cycle when the two principal tide producing bodies (moon and sun) are nearly at a right angle to the earth; the moon is then in quadrature in its first quarter or last quarter.
mark-to-market	This is a process used to determine the fair value of forward contracts and commodity inventories at a specific point in time
greenfeed crops	Special-purpose crops grown to provide succulent nutritious forage, e.g
depreciation reserve	See ACCUMULATED PROVISION FOR DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION.
diddy	the toilet, lavatory.
v notch	A radar reflectivity signature seen as a V-shaped notch in the downwind part of a thunderstorm echo
mg/l	milligrams per liter also equivalent to parts per million
demand side management	All activities or programs undertaken by an electricity system or consumers to influence the amount and timing of electricity use.
glass	a form of igneous rock lacking crystal structure, produced by the rapid cooling of a magma.
overdraft	any withdrawal of groundwater more than the safe yield.
rectangular coordinate system	System that measures the location of points on the Earth on a two-dimensional coordinate plane
bench mark	A fixed physical object or marks used as reference for a vertical datum
cnr	Charterer Not Reported
trajectory	The path of a projectile or other moving body through space.
padd	Petroleum Allocation for Defense District
underbalanced drilling	Drilling under conditions where the pressure being exerted inside the wellbore (from the drilling fluids) is less than the pressure of the oil or gas in the formation.
stony	Soil that is 10–20 cm deep to gravel or bedrock is described as stony; one of the five depth phases used in the description of soils.
start cart	A heating device which supplies load pressure steam for fuel cell heat up.
underground injection well	A steel- and concrete-encased shaft into which hazardous waste is deposited by force and under pressure.
calandria	A cylindrical reactor vessel that contains the heavy water moderator in a CANDU reactor
anaerobic	Absence of air
floodplain	The flat land adjacent to a river, formed by deposition of fluvial materials.
evaporation	water changing into vapor and rising into the air
geomagnetic storm	a worldwide disturbance of the Earth's magnetic field, associated with solar activity.
mean sea-level	The average height of the ocean surface as determined from the mean of all tidal levels recorded at hourly intervals.
range	A statistical measure of the dispersion of observation values in a data set
threshold velocity	Velocity required to cause entrainment in the erosional agents of wind, water or ice
naval petroleum reserves	Areas containing proven oil reserves that were set aside for national defense purposes by Congress in 1923 (located in Elk Hills and Buena Vista, California; Teapot Dome, Wyoming; and on the North Slope in Alaska).
shut-down well	To shut down a well is to halt initial drilling operations for one reason or another.
low clouds	The bases of these clouds range from near the surface to about 6,500 feet in middle latitudes
ice jam	A stationary accumulation that restricts or blocks streamflow.
fusion crust	The melted rock or metal exterior surface of a meteorite which forms from the heating of high velocity entry into the Earth's atmosphere.
meridional	Refers to motion or distance along lines of longitude
hourly precipitation data	This National Climatic Data Center publication is produced monthly by state or region
shut-in bottomhole pressure	The pressure at the bottom of a well when the surface valves on the well are completely closed
natural gas vehicle	A vehicle that is equipped to operate using natural gas, either as the sole fuel (a dedicated NGV) or as an option (a dual-fuel NGV).
moonset	The time when the upper limb of the moon disappears below the sensible horizon (no adjustment made for elevation of observer or atmospheric refraction).
payoff	The time when a well’s production begins to bring in revenues.
environmental impact report	a state-mandated written summary of the positive and negative effects on the environment caused by the construction and operation of a project
sferic	A transient electric or magnetic field generated by any feature of lightning discharge (entire flash).
nok	Norwegian Krone
bathymetric chart	A map delineating the form of the bottom of a body of water, usually by means of depth contours (see Isobaths).
ground flare	Equipment that incinerates excess hydrocarbon gas produced by crude oil drilling facilities, gas processing facilities and oil refineries instead of simply dissipating the gas as is
stratigraphy	The study of stratified rocks especially their sequence in time., the character of the rocks and the correlation of beds in different locations
opal gouger	an opal miner.
crust	The Earth's crust is its outermost, rocky layer.
leave for dead	beat (someone) in a contest; out-class, do better than, out-do (someone): e.g., That candidate looks like leaving the others for dead in the coming election.
consumptive use	the quantity of water not available for reuse
afforestation [lcdb2 classification]	Areas of Pinus radiata forest visible in the imagery and located on sites recorded as nonforested in LCDB 1 (1996-97).
water wet	Describing the preference of a solid to be in contact with a water phase rather than an oil or gas phase
stress relaxation	The decrease of stress with respect to time in a piece of plastic that is subject to an external load at constant deformation.
vent	An opening in a tank or other piece of equipment, sealed to prevent escape of material within the equipment at normal pressures but so arranged that it automatically opens to relieve excessive pressure in the equipment
oil parity clause	A clause in some gas purchase contracts that ties the price of gas in the absence of price controls to some fraction of the Btu equivalent of the price of No
balancing	Making receipts and deliveries of gas into or withdrawals from a company equal
locations	Map Key
nomination allocation	See ALLOCATION-CAPACITY.
lifting costs	The cost of producing oil from a well or lease.
peel estate	a grant of 313,298 acres on the western bank of the Peel River, given to the Australian Agricultural Company in exchange for part of the company's Port Stephen's Estate, in 1834.
tropical cyclone report	A report summarizing the life history and effects of an Atlantic or eastern Pacific tropical cyclone
unfccc	United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: An international treaty signed in 1992, of which the Kyoto Protocol is an amendment
spenes	An acronym for NESDIS Satellite Precipitation Estimates.
stage	The level of the water surface above a given datum at a given location along a river or stream.
catch death	(Brit.) come down with a serious illness, generally from the cold; e.g
heavy surf	Large waves breaking on or near the shore resulting from swells spawned by a distant storm.
residual	amount of a pollutant remaining in the environment after a natural or technological process has occurred.
air-dry	(1) The state of dryness of a soil at equilibrium with the moisture content of the surrounding atmosphere
capsicum	green, yellow or red bell pepper; the genus name is also the common name.
gas cavern well	An underground storage area (hole made underground by drilling salt generally out) used to store liquefied natural gas for future use.
water table	(1) the boundary in the ground between where the ground is saturated with water (zone of saturation) and where the ground is filled with water and air (zone of aeration); (2) the upper surface of the saturated zone that determines the water level in a well in an unconfined aquifer
rig down	To dismantle equipment after the completion of an operation.
interglacial	Period of time during an ice age when glaciers retreated because of milder temperatures.
acre-foot	The amount of water required to cover one acre to a depth of one foot
groundwater recharge	The replenishment of groundwater with surface water.
inertial range	The range of length scales over which energy is transferred and dissipation due to molecular viscosity is negligible
bound water	(1) Water which has become adsorbed to the surfaces of solid particles or grains
free ground water	water in interconnected pore spaces in the zone of saturation down to the first impervious barrier, moving under the control of the water table slope.
flood control storage	Storage of water in reservoirs to abate flood damage.
aquiclude	A water-bearing layer of rock or sediment that is incapable of transmitting water.
sinkholes	Any closed depression in the land surface formed as a result of the collapse of the underlying soil or bedrock into a cavity
show	An indication of oil or gas as observed and recorded during the drilling of a well
diyari	variant spelling of Dieri.
cape town	(hist.) a key supply port on the British route to the East in the late 18th century
hydrographic datum	See chart datum.
ground water flow	Streamflow which results from precipitation that infiltrates into the soil and eventually moves through the soil to the stream channel
special marketing programs	See RATE DESIGN.
acre foot of water	A volume of water that will cover an area of one acre to the depth of one foot: 43,560 cubic feet.
map	The average rainfall over a given area, generally expressed as an average depth over the area.
onatah	In the mythology of the Native American Seneca and Iroquois people, a corn or wheat goddess; the daughter of Nokomis.
coal slurry pipeline	A pipeline used to transport coal over long distances after mixing the crushed coal with water or some other fluid.
polar stratospheric clouds	High altitude clouds found in the stratosphere where the temperature is less than -85° Celsius
terra	an older, lighter, more densely cratered area of the Moon; encompasses all the lunar surface except the maria (plural = terrae).
hub	A geographical location where multiple participants trade services.
pay zone	The section of the reservoir that contributes to production.
hinshaw amendment	An amendment to the Natural Gas Act which exempts from Federal Energy Regulatory Commission regulation the transportation and sale for resale of natural gas received within the boundaries of a state, provided (1) all such gas is ultimately consumed within the state, and (2) the facilities and rates are regulated by the state
horizontal drilling	The developing technology that makes it possible to drill a well from the surface, vertically down to a certain level, and then to turn at a right angle and continue drilling horizontally within a specified reservoir or an interval of a reservoir.
wavelength	The distance a wave will travel in the time required to generate one cycle
aquitard	A water-bearing layer of rock or sediment that transmits small quantities of water in relation to aquifers.
efficiency	effective operation as measured by a comparison of production with cost
loess	A blanket deposit of windblown silt-sized material
surcharge adjustment	A pricing mechanism of a PGA to administer prior period over/under recoveries of gas costs in the current period.
flood statement	This product is issued after either a Flash Flood Watch or a Flash Flood Warning has been issued by a local National Weather Service Forecast Office
ephemeral stream	a stream that flows in response to runoff producing precipitation events and thus discontinuing its flow during dry seasons
dirty on	angry or annoyed with (someone).
irca	(see: Industrial Relations Court of Australia).
exploration	The search for oil and gas
feldspar	A group of common aluminum silicate minerals that contains potassium, sodium, or calcium.
allowable working stress	The maximum hoop stress permitted by code for the design of a piping system
red-hots	(rhyming slang) 1
static water level	The level of water in a well that is not being influenced by ground water withdrawals
seasonal curtailment	Curtailment imposed on a seasonal summer (April-October) or winter (November-March) basis because of gas supply deficiency
jet-perforate	To create holes through the casing with a shaped charge of high explosives instead of a gun that fires projectiles
dinantian	Early Carboniferous age ranging from 360 Ma to 325 Ma.
recruitment	survival of young plants and animals from birth to a life stage less vulnerable to environmental change.
non-associated gas	Natural gas not in contact with crude oil in the reservoir, or natural gas in contact with crude oil, where the volume of oil is small and where production of such gas does not significantly affect recovery of the crude oil.
n leaching vulnerability	The susceptibility of the soil to nitrogen leaching
excessive heat warning	This product is issued by the National Weather Service when excessive heat is life threatening
mollweide projection	Map projection system that tries to present more accurate representations of area
trophic composition	that portion of an Index of Biotic Integrity that is a metric measuring the proportion of species and proportions of omnivores, insectivores, and omnivores.
glacial surge	A rapid forward movement of the snout of a glacier.
residual oil	Oil remaining in the reservoir rock after the flushing or invasion process, or at the end of a specific recovery process or escape process.
seismology	The study of earthquakes and the evidence they provide about the interior of the Earth.
air quality statement	This National Weather Service product is issued to relay air pollution information and issue Ozone Action Days.
mhhw	See
water table aquifer	an aquifer confined only by atmospheric pressure (water levels will not rise in the well above the confining bed).
stalagmite	Cone-shaped mass of dripstone formed on cave floors, generally directly below a stalactite.
upslope fog	It forms as air is cooled adiabatically by blowing up sloping terrain
land subsidence	the lowering of the natural land surface due to groundwater (or oil and gas) extraction.
water retention	The amount of water, expressed as a percent of the wet weight of an ion exchanger, retained within the resin bead and on the surface of fully swollen and drained ion exchange media
evaporation	Evaporation can be defined as the process by which liquid water is converted into a gaseous state
tide range	The difference in height between consecutive high and low waters.
high-stepping it	living a hectic, pleasurable life-style.
set-to	fight; argument.
cushion gas	Gas required in a storage pool to maintain sufficient pressure to keep the working gas recoverable
dust whirl	A rotating column of air rendered visible by dust
inland freshwater wetlands	swamps, marshes, and bogs found inland beyond the coastal saltwater wetlands.
blizzard warning	This product is issued by the National Weather Service when blizzard conditions are life threatening
nva	An acronym for Negative Vorticity Advection.
drilling operations	Any work or actual operations undertaken or commenced in good faith for the purpose of carrying out any of the rights, privileges, or duties of the lessee under a lease.
threshold	The level of magnitude of a system process at which sudden or rapid change occurs.
stream	a general term for a body of flowing water; natural water course containing water at least part of the year.
flammable limits	See EXPLOSIVE LIMITS.
tariff volume	The maximum amount of natural gas which a consumer is entitled to receive during any specified time period
deuterium	An isotope of hydrogen containing one proton and one neutron in the nucleus
substation	Facility equipment that switches, changes, or regulates electric voltage
public convenience and necessity	That which is necessary or desirable in the public interest
alluvium	sediments deposited by erosional processes, usually by streams.
refunding	The retirement of one security issue with the proceeds received from the sale of another to provide for maturing debt or to take advantage of more favorable money market conditions.
samples	The wellbore drill cuttings obtained at definite depth intervals during drilling
evapotranspiration	the process of transforming soil water into water vapor through the combination of evaporation from the soil surface and plant water use (transpiration).
relief opening	The opening provided in a draft hood to permit the ready escape to the atmosphere of the flue products from the draft hood in the event of no draft, back draft, or stoppage beyond the draft hood, and to permit inspiration of air into the draft hood in the event of a strong chimney updraft.
common stock dividends	Payment declared on common stock and charged to unappropriated retained earnings during a stated period.
asx	Australian Stock Exchange
heat liberation rate	The amount of heat which is liberated per unit time per cubic foot of combustion space.
blustery	15 to 25 mph winds.
establishment	Subsequent growth and/or reproduction of a colonized species in a new territory.
high key about	elated, excited, enthusiastic about (something).
higher low water	The higher of the low waters of any specified day.
ipe	The International Petroleum Exchange in London.
load center	A point at which the load of a given area is assumed to be concentrated.
peak power	The amount of power transmitted by a radar during a given pulse
gaging station	the site on a stream, lake or canal where hydrologic data is collected.
heat loss	The sum cooling effect of a building structure when the outdoor temperature is lower than the desired indoor temperature.
unconformity	A surface of erosion or nondeposition that separates younger strata from older strata; most unconformites indicate intervals of time when former areas of the sea bottom were temporarily raised above sea level.
flowing artesian well	A well where the water level is above the ground surface.
fire flooding	A thermal recovery method in which the oil in the reservoir is ignited, the heat vaporizes lighter hydrocarbons and water pushes the warmed oil toward a producing well
main lobe	The envelope of electromagnetic energy along the main axis of the radar beam.
dim-sim allowance	term coined for any restrictive work practice, and based on the case where workers on a building site near Sydney's Chinatown were paid extra because they objected to having to work with the smell of Chinese cooking in the air.
aml	Abandoned Mine Lands
jetting	The process of burying offshore or river crossing pipelines by hydraulically blowing sand or dirt from beneath the pipelines.
oxbow lake	A crescent-shaped lake in an abandoned bend of a river channel
leg man	a man who favours legs as the most desirable attribute of a woman.
atmosphere	typically in soils, forests or the oceans
vent damper	A device installed in the vent pipe that connects the furnace to the chimney
ramsar site	Ramsar sites are areas of wetland that are protected under the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat
service charge	The fee charged a customer by a utility for work on the customer's premises
convectional precipitation	Is the formation of precipitation due to surface heating of the air at the ground surface
storage horizon	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
specific conductance	The ability of a water sample to conduct an electric current
usec	Petrochemical markets abbreviation for US East Coast.
abs	Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australia's official statistical organisation.
produced water	After the drilling and fracturing of the well are completed, water is produced along with the natural gas
fresnel reflection	The reflection of a radar signal from a single, dominating discontinuity of the refractive index, usually with a large horizontal extent
running the tools	- Putting the drillpipe, with the bit attached, into the hole in preparation for drilling.
oil & gas leases	A contract between an oil operator and a landowner which gives the operator the right to drill for oil and gas on his property for a consideration
balancing provisions	A requirement that gas entering a pipeline for transportation (receipts) must equal the amount leaving the pipeline (deliveries)
natural gas	A mixture of hydrocarbon compounds and small amounts of various non-hydrocarbons (such as carbon dioxide, helium, hydrogen sulfide and nitrogen) existing in the gaseous phase or in solution with crude oil in natural underground reservoirs.
depth-control log	A well log run in cased holes for the purpose of providing correlation with open-hole logs in order to establish depth control for certain completion operations
subscription agreement	An application by an investor to join a limited partnership
background extinction	Normal extinction of species that occurs as a result of changes in local environmental conditions
pumping head	Energy given to a fluid by a pump, usually expressed in feet of fluid (foot pounds per pound).
oscillator	The difference between two indicators
dry adiabat	A line of constant potential temperature on a thermodynamic chart.
hurricane model	The Geophysical and Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) developed the hurricane model in order to improve hurricane landfall forecasts
fauna	Fauna denotes the entire animal population, living or fossil, of a given area, environment, geologic formation, or time span
distributor	A wholesaler of gasoline and other petroleum products; also know as a jobber
ecosystem	Biological communities that interact with the physical and chemical environment as a unified system, while simultaneously interacting with adjacent ecosystems and with the atmosphere.
lysimeter	A device to measure the quantity or rate of downward water movement through a block of soil usually undisturbed, or to collect such percolated water for analysis as to quality.
coal bed methane	Coal bed methane – see coal seam gas.
assignee	The person to whom oil and gas leases are assigned.
remand centre	where prisoners are held in custody pending further inquiries etc.
heat island	A dome of elevated temperatures over an urban area caused by the heat absorbed by structures and pavement.
hydraulic conductivity	the rate at which water can move through a permeable medium.
hdd	Horizontal directional drilling
operator	The party designated in the operating agreement to conduct the operations on the well.
project financing	Method for financing projects where a company solicits money by pledging its expected revenues to cover the debt.
piezometric surface	Imaginary surface defined by the elevation to which water will rise in wells penetrating confined aquifers.
contaminant	an undesirable substance not normally present, or an usually high concentration of a naturally-occurring substance, in water, soil, or other environmental medium
pyrite	A common mineral consisting of iron disulfide that is often mistaken for gold (and called "fool's gold") due to its bright, yellow, metallic luster
siltstone	A sedimentary rock in which more than 50 percent of its particles are silt-size (0.00015–0.002 inches in diameter)
eyewash	nonsense; rubbish; bunkum.
cetane number	A numerical index designed to reflect the ignition quality of diesel fuels
tsunami	Large ocean wave created from an earthquake or volcanic eruption
yield	the quantity of water expressed either as a continuous rate of flow (cubic feet per second, etc.) or as a volume per unit of time
meter set	The meter and appurtenances thereto, including the meter, meter bar, and connected pipe and fittings
electrolytic refining	The process of purifying metal ingots which are suspended as anodes in an electrolytic bath, alternated with refined sheets of the same metal, which acts as starters or cathodes.
shortwave	A disturbance in the mid or upper part of the atmosphere which induces upward motion ahead of it
refinery gas	See GAS, OIL.
weir loading	A guideline used to determine the length of weir needed on settling tanks and clarifiers in treatment plants
scrub	Vegetation in an arid area consisting of stunted trees, bushes and other plants.
rain shadow	Areas of the leeward side of a mountain or mountain range which often receive much less rain than the windward side.
knock around	tire, exhaust, cause considerable discomfort or hardship to (one): e.g., Sitting in a plane for twenty hours knocks one around a bit.
hydrocarbons	Organic chemical compounds of hydrogen and carbon atoms
cone of depression	the shape of the water table in the area immediately surrounding a pumping well
core	The innermost parts of the Earth, lying between 2900 km depth and the centre of the Earth at over 6300 km depth.
sheet erosion	The removal of surface particles by non-channelised overland flow of water.
stream load	Refers to the material or sediment carried by a stream
galaxy	An assemblage of millions to hundreds of billions of stars.
ulcc	A large tanker built especially to carry 500,000 dwt and up of crude oil.
aquifer depletion	Aquifer depletion occurs when ground water is withdrawn from an aquifer at a rate greater than it can be replenished.
distributary	A smaller branching stream channel that flows away from a main stream channel
coefficient of storage	See Storage Coefficient.
holier-than-thou	smug; sanctimonious; pompous; vain; self-righteous.
heath	a lowland shrub community on sandy soil or shallow peat.
joint interest billing	Accounting procedure of billing each working interest owner for his proportional share of drilling and lease operating expenses.
divergence	A measure of the expansion or spreading out of a vector field; usually said of horizontal winds
hydrograph	A graph showing the water level (stage), discharge, or other property of a river with respect to time
ground blizzard warning	When blizzard conditions are solely caused by blowing and drifting snow.
bioaccumulation	uptake and retention of substances by an organism from its surrounding medium (usually water) and from food.
patterned ground	Term used to describe a number of surface features found in periglacial environments
debris flow	A type of landslide triggered by exceptionally heavy rainfall events
flood plain	Lowland, bordering a river, that is usually dry, but which is subject to flooding.
hydrostatic strength	The hoop stress calculated by means of the ISO equation at which the pipe fails due to an internal pressure buildup, usually within 60 to 70 seconds.
special marine warning	This is issued by the National Weather Service for hazardous weather conditions (thunderstorms over water, thunderstorms that will move over water, cold air funnels over water, or waterspouts) usually of short duration (2 hours or less) and producing sustained winds or frequent gusts of 34 knots or more that is not covered by existing marine warnings
optional expedited certificate	A certificate provided for by FERC Order 436 aimed at reducing regulatory hurdles for obtaining a certificate of public convenience and necessity prior to commencing construction of an interstate pipeline or any extension thereof.
tpc	An acronym for the Tropical Prediction Center.
cenozoic	Geologic era that occurred from 65 million years ago to today.
fill dam	Any dam constructed of excavated natural materials or of industrial wastes.
leealowa	alternate spelling of Alawa.
interest	The cost you pay to borrow money
nitrite	Form of nitrogen commonly found in the soil
spark spread	Basically, the cost difference of converting natural gas into electricity
reserve ratio	See DEPRECIATION RESERVE RATIO.
123	617,761
midstream	A term sometimes used to refer to those industry activities that fall between exploration and production (upstream) and refining and marketing (downstream)
smog	Originally smog meant a mixture of smoke and fog
daylight savings time	The setting of time so it is one hour ahead starting in the spring and one hour back beginning in the fall in the Northern Hemisphere
correlation	(1) The equivalence in stratigraphic positions of formations in different wells
tide	Cyclical rise and fall of the surface of the oceans
accretion	a gradual increase in land area adjacent to a river.
gipsy	var
groundwater reservoir	an aquifer or aquifer system in which ground water is stored
loki	In Scandinavian mythology, a mischievous trickster, thief and slanderer.
casing string	Total feet of casing run in a well
continental slope	The declivity from the outer edge of the continental shelf or continental borderland into greater depths.
know sweet f.a./fanny adams	to know very little; be ill- informed; have little or no relevant knowledge about.
mean depth	The average depth of water in a stream channel or conduit
brine well	a well used for dissolving salt from a salt formation, adding brine to, or taking brine from a salt cavern.
storage coefficient	See storativity.
curtailable rate	An option offered by utilities to customers who can accept specified amounts of service reduction in return for reduced electric rates.
use or lose	A provision which decreases a shipper's right to capacity if the shipper does not use it at a certain level
dilution	A greater volume of groundwater being mixed with the same amount of contaminant.
ratification agreement	A document whereby the producer and the purchaser adopt the terms and provisions of another contract as those under which they will make their own sale and purchase.
pre-qualification letter	A letter from a mortgage lender that states that you are pre-qualified to buy a home but does not commit the lender to a particular mortgage amount.
fair value	In determining the company's Rate Base by this method you can either (1) estimate the cost to rebuild, (2) inflation adjust or trend Original Cost, or (3) estimate the market value
tertiary treatment	removal from wastewater of traces or organic chemicals and dissolved solids that remain after primary treatment and secondary treatment.
ceiling balloon	A small balloon used to determine the height of the cloud base
lesser bilby	(see: lesser rabbit-bandicoot).
cordelia	In William Shakespeare's King Lear, the youngest daughter of the king.
runoff	That part of precipitation that flows toward streams on the surface of the ground or within the ground
sand	Material which consists of particles between 0.05 and 2.0 mm in diameter.
seismic surveying	Sound waves are sent into the earth and reflected off rock layers before being recorded at surface
tell porkies	tell lies.
wind advisory	Issued for sustained winds between 24 to 39 mph (39 to 63 km/h), or sustained winds of less than 25 mph (40 km/h) but frequent gusts between 25 and 39 mph (39 to 63 km/h).
region	A term used in geography that describes an area of the Earth where some natural or human-made phenomena display similar traits.
time-of-use pricing	A method of charging for electricity or some other service that takes into consideration both the time of day and the season of the year at which it is used.
gmt	See
specific heat	the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a kilogram of a substance (water) by 1 degree Celsius.
tss	Total suspended solids
backsight	A rod reading taken on a point of known elevation, a benchmark or a turning point
unconfined aquifer	an aquifer containing water that is not under pressure; the water level in a well is the same as the water table outside the well
cosmic ray	atomic nuclei (mostly protons) that are observed to strike the Earth's atmosphere with extremely high amounts of energy.
icelandic low	Subpolar low pressure system found near Iceland
number of unit holders	Units Held
positive area	The area on a sounding representing the layer in which a lifted parcel would be warmer than the environment; thus, the area between the environmental temperature profile and the path of the lifted parcel
reflected wave	A water wave that reflects off the shore or another obstacle and is redirected towards the sea or lake.
flame front	The plane along which combustion starts.
fault	A fracture of the earth's crust along which movement occurs
capital structure	The long term debt and equity of a company
hedge	The reduction of risk by covering anticipated commitments at a fixed price in the future through a futures or options contract
diastolic	A measurement of the amount of pressure on the walls of blood vessels when the heart is at rest.
mechanical equivalent of heat	The conversion factor for transforming heat units into mechanical units of work
higher-than-thou	pertaining to a person who has pretensions of superiority.
continental crust	Granitic portion of the Earth's crust that makes up the continents
hydraulic gradient	The slope of the water table or aquifer
surface supply	water supply obtained from streams, lakes, and reservoirs.
jet fuel	See Kerosene.
sugar	Type of carbohydrate chemically based on carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
fnma/fannie mae	Federal National Mortgage Association that is a publicly owned, government-sponsored corporation chartered in 1938 to purchase mortgages from lenders and either to hold them in portfolio or resell them to investors.
primary recovery	The standard oil well production technique, sometimes called flush production, using only the natural water or gas pressure in the reservoir to force the petroleum to the surface
monthly service	A predefined monthly period in which daily services are summarized for invoicing and imbalance statements
feeling bottom	The action of a deep-water wave on running into shoal water and beginning to be influenced by the bottom.
interest only loan	A non-amortizing loan in which the lender receives only interest during the term of the loan and the principal is repaid at maturity.
scrub she-oak	(see: swamp she-oak).
nonporous	something which does not allow water to pass through it
alluvial fans	A fan shaped deposit of detrital material deposited by a stream where it emerges from a steep mountain slope or from an upland onto a less steeply sloping terrain.
attenuation	See SOUND ATTENUATION.
climate	generalized weather at a given place on earth over a fairly long period; a long term average of weather
ventilation	The process of supplying or removing air by natural or mechanical means to or from any space
doghouse	A portable, one-room shelter at a well site for the convenience and protection of the drilling crew and others
suspension order	FERC Order suspending the effectiveness of a new rate case for an additional five months beyond the pipeline's 30 day request.
equatorial tidal currents	Tidal currents occurring semimonthly as a result of the Moon being over the Equator
maunder minimum	Period from 1645 to 1715 during which the Sun had very little sunspot activity.
snowpack	The total snow and ice on the ground, including both the new snow and the previous snow and ice which has not melted.
multiple-vortex tornado	A tornado in which two or more condensation funnels or debris clouds are present at the same time, often rotating about a common center or about each other
zodiacal light	a faint cone of light that can sometimes be seen above the horizon after sunset or before sunrise
spodosols	Soil order (type) of the United States Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Classification System
autunian	Early Permian age ranging from 295 Ma to 270 Ma.
nitrogen cycle	Model that describes the movement of nitrogen in its many forms between the hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere and biosphere.
tea	the evening meal, and usually the main meal of the day.
transcribed weather broadcasts	This NWS aviation product is similar to the Area Forecast (FA) except information is contained in a route format
settleable solids	in sewage, suspended solids that will settle when the sewage is brought to a quiet state for a reasonable length of time, usually two hours.
hit wicket	(cricket) be out by striking the wicket with the bat etc.
contract carriage	Transportation, by a company, of gas quantities belonging to another party, for which the company charges a fee.
air porosity	The portion of the bulk volume of soil that is filled with air at any given time or under a given condition such as specified soil water potential
ebb tide	Time during the tidal period when the tide is falling
overhang	Radar term indicating a region of high reflectivity at middle and upper levels above an area of weak reflectivity at low levels
lixiviant	A liquid medium that selectively extracts the desired metal from the ore or material to be leached rapidly and completely, and from which the desired metal can be recovered in a concentrated form.
lesser rabbit-bandicoot	Macrotis leucura, last reported alive in north-eastern South Australia in 1931 and is now presumed extinct
dcp	An electronic device that connects to a river or rainfall gage that records data from the gage and at pre-determined times transmits that data through a satellite to a remote computer.
acquisition adjustments	See ORIGINAL COST, HISTORICAL COST
datums	Geodetic vertical reference levels
c3	Propane
cat's paw	1
levee	on Earth, a raised embankment bordering a river channel; on the Moon, a raised embankment along a presumed lava channel.
line packing	Increasing the amount of gas in a line section by increasing pressure to meet a heavy demand, usually of short duration.
barcoo salute	(see: Australian salute).
latosol	Soil order (type) of the United States Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Classification System
pepper tree	Tasmannia membranea gets its name from the taste of its seeds rather than its bland fruit
snow squalls	They are intense, but limited duration, periods of moderate to heavy snowfall
aquifer	A geologic formation (or one or more geologic formations) that is porous enough and permeable enough to transmit water at a rate sufficient to feed a spring or a well
stored	and the amount of CO2 generated by a system without capture, net of the emissions not captured by a system with CO2 capture.
aip	Australian Institute of Petroleum
detention basins	Structures which are built upstream from a populated area so that precipitation flows do not flood and cause the loss of life or property
ocs	Outer Continental Shelf, a term used primarily in the U.S
technical support branch	One of three branches of the Tropical Prediction Center (TPC)
shore	LITTORAL CURRENTS: A current running parallel to the BEACH and generally caused by WAVES striking the SHORE at an angle.
usg	Tanker and market abbreviation for United States Gulf, more properly known as the Gulf of Mexico.
holiday	A discontinuity or break in the anticorrosion protective coating on pipe, tubing, or fitting that leaves the bare metal exposed to corrosive processes.
return air	Air returning to a heater or conditioner from the heated or conditioned space.
moon phases	The monthly changes in the appearance of the Moon as seen from Earth
pass the pinch test	show that one is not over-weight by not being able to pinch a large amount of flesh between the thumb and forefinger at the waist.
electrical energy	Ususally measured in kilowatt-hours, energy delivered by an electrical utility via its transmission/distribution system
isotherm	line that connects points of equal temperature.
put option	An option that gives the holder the right (but not the obligation) to sell a specified quantity of the underlying instrument at a fixed price, on or before a specified date
communities	A community is a contiguous built-up area, incorporated or unincorporated, commonly recognized as a separate entity
base level	Lower limit of erosion of the land's surface by running water
glace fruit	candied fruit.
anion	A negative electricity charged ion such as a nitrate or chloride ion.
seismograph	A device for detecting vibrations in the earth
fault	A fracture or zone of fractures in a planet's crust, accompanied by displacement of the opposing sides.
dinnies	dinner; tea.
astronomical unit	the average distance from the Earth to the Sun; 1 AU is 149,597,870 kilometers (92,960,116 miles).
latent heat	See HEAT, LATENT.
gymnosperm	Plant that bears naked seeds
tuberculation	development or formation of small mounds of corrosion products on the inside of iron pipe
tasmanian tiger	(also: thylacine, Tasmanian wolf) the carnivorous marsupial Thylacinus cynocephalus, native to Tasmania
natural england	A body that advises the UK government on how to sustain the natural environment for the benefit of everyone
residue	the dry solids remaining after the evaporation of a sample of water or sludge.
planning policy statements	Planning Policy Statements set out the UK Government's national policies on different aspects of planning
fresh water inflow requirements	freshwater flows required to maintain the natural salinity, nutrient, and sediment delivery in a bay or estuary that supports their unique biological communities and ensures a healthy ecosystem.
hadley	John Hadley (1682-1744) English mathematician and inventor
diesel fuel	A light hydrocarbon mixture for diesel engines; it has a boiling range just above that of kerosene
zoning	Act of city, county or other local authorities specifying how property may be used in specific areas
reducer	A pipe fitting which enables the connection of two pipes differing in diameter.
gigawatt hour	One billion watt-hours.
dug well	A well that is dug by hand or excavated by backhoe
ding	1
misoscale	The scale of meteorological phenomena that ranges in size from a 40 meters to about a 4 kilometers
associated gas	Natural gas produced with crude oil from the same reservoir.
kopi	1
recovery rate	The rate at which natural gas can be removed from a reservoir.
set	The direction towards which the current flows.
counter-radiation	Redirection of the Earth's longwave radiation back to the surface because of the greenhouse effect.
current	Generally, a horizontal movement of water
norwegian current	Part of the northern branch of the North Atlantic current , which flows northward along the coast of Norway
intangible drilling costs	Items such as services, labor, chemicals, materials, and supplies that are considered a “sunk cost” of drilling
cold flow	The dimensional change with time of a plastic under load, following the instantaneous elastic or rapid deformation
dhalwongu	an Aboriginal people of the Northern Territory.
crystal	A homogeneous solid that has a regularly repeating internal arrangement of its atoms and has external plane faces.
thermodynamic laws	Laws that describe the physical processes, relationships, and phenomena associated with heat.
durango	FARMINGTON
hydraulic gradient	the direction of groundwater flow due to changes in the depth of the water table.
hormuz	The Strait of Hormuz is the sea-passage out of the Persian Gulf between Iran on the eastern shore and the UAE and Oman on the west.
customer charge	A fixed amount to be paid periodically by the customer without regard to demand or energy consumption.
dingo stiffener	one employed to eradicate dingos.
saltation	Transport of sediment initiated by moving air or water where particles move from a resting surface to the transport medium in quick continuous repeated cycles.
peak flow	in a wastewater treatment plant, the highest flow expected to be encoutered under any operational conditions, including periods of high rainfall and prolonged periods of wet weather.
umbra	the area of total darkness in the shadow caused by an eclipse.
meddy	See Mediterranian lenses.
pressure gradient	The amount of pressure change occurring over a given distance.
hummock	A hillock of broken ice which has been forced upward by pressure.
famennian	Late Devonian age ranging from 365 Ma to 360 Ma.
flash back	The burning of gas in the mixing chamber of a burner or in a piping system, usually due to an excess of primary air or too low a velocity of the combustible mixture through the burner part.
pleistocene	An epoch of the Quaternary period, after the Pliocene of the Tertiary and before the Holocene; also, the corresponding worldwide series of rocks
regional planning board	Regional Planning Boards are responsible for developing the Regional Spatial Strategy within its region
serjeant-at-law	a barrister of the highest rank.
gidgee tree	Acacia cambagei, a scrubby tree of tropical and subtropical Australia
head up	To tighten the bolts on a hatch cover or manhole plate so that no leakage will occur from or into the vessel when operating.
knackered	1
teleseismic	An adjective to refer to earthquakes, and any properties thereof, that occur more than 100 km from a particular site
nitrous oxide	Gas found in the atmosphere that contributes to the greenhouse effect
kinder/kindy	kindergarten.
thermal gradient	temperature difference between two areas.
secondary pollutant	Atmospheric pollutants that are created chemically in the atmosphere when primary pollutants and other components of the air react
historical cost	The actual cost of land, buildings, pipelines and other plant items to the company, when used in ratemaking it assumes the company's acquisition costs are prudent
eastern zone	For rate design purposes, the Eastern Zone encompasses the geographic area from North Bay to Montreal, including Toronto and southern Ontario
bandpass filter	A filter whose frequencies are between given upper and lower cutoff values, while substantially attenuating all frequencies outside these values (this band).
drill rig	The equipment used to drill an oil and gas well
latent heat of vaporization	The amount of heat energy required from the environment to change the state of a liquid to a gas
net profits interest	A share of gross production from a property that is carved out of a working interest, and is figured as a function of net profits from operation of the property.
combined accounts	When two or more meters are combined for billing purposes under the following conditions: Where combinations of meter readings are specifically provided for in rate schedules
waste water treatment plant	A facility that receives waste waters (and sometimes runoff) from domestic and/or industrial sources, and by a combination of physical, chemical, and biological processes reduces (treats) the waste water to less harmful byproducts; known by the acronyms WWTP, STP (sewage treatment plant), and POTW (publicly owned treatment works).
tropopause	The upper boundary of the troposphere, usually characterized by an abrupt change in lapse rate from positive (decreasing temperature with height) to neutral or negative (temperature constant or increasing with height)
compressibility factor	See SUPERCOMPRESSIBILITY FACTOR.
blowout	A sudden escape of oil or gas from a well, caused by uncontrolled high pressure
fracturing	Deformation process whereby ice is permanently deformed, and fracture occurs.
spectroscope	An instrument that spreads light or other electromagnetic radiation into its component wavelengths (colours) for analysis.
lefty	1
terrace	A raised bank of earth with vertical or sloping sides and a flat top making a steep hillside suitable for cultivation.
active installation	An installation in continuous use by active Army organizations.
api	American Petroleum Institute, a petroleum industry association that sets standards for oil field equipment and operations.
care factor?	who gives a...?
flow	A current or stream of fluid or gas
kero	Kerosene.
liquid of descent	In a graph of chemical composition, a line connecting magma related by differentiation to a common parent
blowing a well	Opening a well to let it blow for a short period to free the well tubing or casing of accumulations of water, sand, or other deposits.
hhw	See higher high water
downburst	A strong down draft, initiated by a thunderstorm, that induces an outburst of damaging straight line winds on or near the ground
impact	The forceful striking of one body, such as a meteorite, against another body, such as a moon or planet.
double leverage	Concept used in developing a company's proper capital structure
cone of depression	the lowering in groundwater levels around a well in response to groundwater withdrawal (the pumping of water)
give the nod	give approval, permission or assent: e.g., Do you think the City Council will give the nod to your proposal for another high-rise hotel on the beach.
isohyet	line that connects points of equal rainfall.
peak day design	See DESIGN DAY.
depletion allowance	A charge against income for the extraction of natural resources, commonly called "wasting assets" (i.e., gas, oil, coal, etc.).
pore spaces	the open areas, or spaces, in soil, sediments, and rocks that are filled by air or water
assimilation	the ability of a water body to purify itself of pollutants.
farmout	An arrangement whereby the owner of a lease assigns the lease, or some portion of it, to another party for drilling.
irrigation	the controlled application of water to arable lands to supply crop water requirements not satisfied by rainfall.
end moraine	A ridge or series of ridges formed by accumulations of drift built along the outer margin of an actively flowing glacier at any given time; a moraine that has been deposited at the lower or outer end of a glacier.
cable tool	One of two principal methods of drilling for gas and oil; the other is rotary
aboriginal smoking ceremony	(see: smoking ceremony).
adjudication	a court proceeding to determine all rights to the use of water on a particular stream system or ground water basin.
high old time	good time; fun; enjoyable experience.
reserves appreciation	Incremental changes in established reserves resulting from extension of existing pools and/or revisions to a previous reserves estimate and/or by application of improved recovery methods.
peneplain	"A plain made by the wearing down of ancient mountains is usually spoken of as a peneplain that is, a region worn down nearly to a plain in a place where, formerly, there was rougher topography
taiga	See Boreal Forest.
vlcc	Very large crude carrier; with a capacity of 200,000-320,000 dwt
otway rainforest	dates back 140 million years to Gondwana when dinosaurs roamed the earth
partly sunny	When the predominant/average sky condition is covered 3/8 to 4/8 with opaque (not transparent) clouds
climate change	A significant and lasting change in climate over periods ranging from decades to millions of years.
spillway crest	The elevation of the highest point of a spillway.
urban area	Geographic area with a high density of people over a limited area
underflow	subsurface flow of groundwater associated with a river or stream that occurs as sub-horizontal flow, roughly parallel to and within the near-surface deposits underlying and directly adjacent to the course of the river and/or its tributaries.
injection wells	Wells to be used for injection of fluids into reservoir for enhancement of hydrocarbon recovery.
reference dose	the maximum daily exposure to a chemical that is judged to be without risk of adverse systemic health effects over a person's lifetime; formerly called the Acceptable Daily Intake.
inert waste	waste that does not contain hazardous waste or soluble pollutants at concentrations in excess of applicable water quality objectives, and does not contain significant quantities of decomposable waste.
earth's magnetic field	The area around the Earth where a magnetic force can be detected
petroleum	A generic name for hydrocarbons, including crude oil, natural gas liquids, natural gas and their products.
transparency	The ability of a medium to allow light to pass through it.
pumping plant	facility that lifts water up and over hills
dyke	Thin vertical veins of igneous rock that form when magma enters and cools in fractures found within the crust
current	A current is a non-periodic horizontal movement of water
colloids	finely divided solids which will not settle but which may be removed by coagulation or biochemical action.
water storage pond	An impound for liquid wastes, so designated as to accomplish some degree of biochemical treatment of the wastes.
entrain	to trap bubbles in water either mechanically through turbulence or chemically through a reaction.
bedrock	The solid rock below the soil, gravel, or other material at the Earth's surface.
take-or-pay contract	A (long-term) contract between a gas producer and a gas purchaser, such as a pipeline transmission company.
tariff	Rates an regulated entity will charge to provide service to its customers as well as the terms and conditions that it will follow in providing service.
rotary drilling	A drilling method in which a hole is drilled by a rotating bit to which a downward force is applied
anemometer	An instrument for measuring the velocity of wind.
reference level	See chart datum.
cushion gas	The gas required in a reservoir, used for storage of natural gas, so that reservoir pressure is such that the storage gas may be recovered.
dirty rotter	underhanded, treacherous and corrupt person.
giant molecular cloud	massive clouds of gas in interstellar space composed primarily of hydrogen molecules
redshift	a shift in the lines of an object's spectrum toward the red end
wind chill warning	The National Weather Service issues this product when the wind chill is life threatening
key species	species that are targeted for instream flow assessment or more generally taxa of interest; may include lotic-adapted species, imperiled species, sport fishes, or other species related to study objectives.
irrigated area	The gross farm area upon which water is artificially applied for the production of crops, with no reduction for access roads, canals, or farm buildings.
weir	a wall or plate placed in an open channel to measure the flow of water; a wall or obstruction used to control flow from settling tanks and clarifiers to ensure a uniform flow rate and avoid short-circuiting.
remaining established reserves	Initial established reserves less cumulative production.
wba	Weak base anion exchanger.
continental shelf	The zone bordering a continent and extending to a depth, usually around 100 fathoms (600 feet), from which there is a steep descent toward greater depth.
breakout	Act of unscrewing one section of pipe from another section, particularly when drill pipe is being withdrawn for the well bore
nonleaky confined aquifer	A confined aquifer which has aquicludes at its upper and lower boundaries.
seismic wave	Successive wave-type displacement of rock usually caused by an earthquake.
encroachment	An obstruction, building, or part of a building or other improvement that intrudes beyond a legal boundary onto neighboring land
calorie	Quantity of energy
vent	the opening of the earth's surface through which volcanic materials are extruded.
reg	A rocky desert landscape
horizontal well	A well that begins as a vertical or inclined linear bore, which extends from the surface to a subsurface location just above the target oil or gas reservoir, then bears off to intersect the reservoir and, thereafter, continues at a near-horizontal attitude to substantially or entirely remain within the reservoir until the desired bottom hole location is reached.
space heater	See HEATER, ROOM.
football	any of several outdoor games between two teams played with a ball on a pitch with goals at each end, typically what Americans call soccer.
diagonal	Furthest distance between two points on a proration unit.
denmark	began as a timber town in 1895, waned economically, and was boosted by the establishment of the Group Settlement Scheme in the early 1920s
halite	Sedimentary rock created by the chemical precipitation of sodium and chlorine.
cash settlement	The settlement of futures or options by paying a cash difference, rather than taking/making physical delivery.
conti index	Platts demand-weighted index of continental European power assessments.
daily drilling report	A record / report of the daily operations on a working drilling rig and, traditionally, phoned, faxed, emailed, or radioed in to the office of the drilling company and possibly the operator every morning.
holocene	The most recent geologic era; from about 10,000 years ago to the present
latitude	Latitude is a north-south measurement of position on the Earth
corrosion mitigation	The reduction of metal loss or damage through use of protective methods and devices.
ginger-pop	ginger ale.
ur	Under reamer
yellow snow	Snow given a golden or yellow appearance by the presence in it of pine, cypress pollen, or anthropogenic material or animal-produced material
wfi	Water for Injection.
radiosonde	A balloon-borne instrument that measures and transmits pressure, temperature, and humidity to a ground-based receiving station
vegetative controls	non-point source pollution control practices that utilize vegetative cover to reduce erosion and minimize loss of pollutants.
connection	The physical junction (transmission lines, transformers, switch gear, etc) between two electric systems permitting the transfer of electricity
geothermal	Power generated from heat energy derived from hot rock, hot water, or steam below the earth's surface.
dissociation	Chemical process where a compound or molecule breaks up into simpler constituents.
mimas	In Greek mythology, a giant.
bottom-hole pump	- A compact, high-volume pump located in the bottom of a well, not operated by sucker rods or a surface power unit.
astrapophobia	The fear of thunder and lightning
cirrocumulus clouds	Patchy white high altitude cloud composed of ice crystals
isopachous map	- A geological map showing the thickness and shape of underground formations
docket number	At the time a document is filed with the Commission it is assigned a number
sublimation	The change from ice (a solid) directly to water vapor (a gas) without going through the liquid water phase
longshore transport	The transport of sediment in water parallel to a shoreline.
specific yield	the ratio of the volume of water which will drain from a porous medium by gravity to the volume of the porous medium.
sanitary landfill	landfill that is lined with plastic or concrete or located in clay-rich soils to prevent hazardous substances from leaking into the environment.
head	The differential or pressure, usually expressed in terms of the height of a liquid column that the pressure will support
petrol pump	gas pump.
magnetic south	See South Magnetic Pole.
imperfectly drained soils	Soils that have 50% or more grey mottles between 30-60 cm of the soil surface (but not within 15 cm of the base of the A horizon), or soils that 2% or more rust-coloured mottles or less than 50% grey mottles within 15 cm of the base of the A horizon, or within 30 cm of the soil surface.
fuel substitution	The conversion of an end-use from one fuel source to another.
attrition	Erosion of earnings on invested capital resulting from the regulatory practice of setting utility rates based on past costs during an inflationary period.
gall-peters projection	Map projection system that reduces the area distortion found in Mercator projections.
system state	Current value of a system's elements, attributes, and/or relationships.
adjustable-rate mortgage	Also known as a variable-rate loan, usually offers a lower initial rate than fixed-rate loans
breaker	The quick collapse of an overextended water wave as it approaches the shoreline
activated carbon adsorption	the process of pollutants moving out of water and attaching on to activated carbon.
mesolow	A mesoscale low-pressure center
wild cat	A well that is drained one or more miles from a proven well.
dew point	The temperature and pressure at which a liquid begins to condense out of a gas.
base load	The minimum amount of electric power delivered or required over a given period of time at a steady rate
gom or gm	Gasoil Moteur — French gasoil specification.
conservation trees	Tree species used specifically for erosion control, e.g
centroid	The center of mass of a convective cell (storm) or other precipitation system.
mmcfd	Millions of cubic feet of gas per day
wti	West Texas Intermediate - the primary crude pricing marker for North America
meteorology	The study of the atmosphere and atmospheric phenomena.
littoral drift	LITTORAL DRIFT: (1) The sedimentary material moved in the LITTORAL ZONE under the influence of WAVES and currents
fumarole	A small vent in the ground from which volcanic gases and heated groundwater emerge, but not lava.
working gas	Volume of gas that is expected to be cycled from a natural gas storage facility.
tea and sugar burglar	a swagman.
proppant/propping agent	A granular substance (sand grains, aluminum pellets, or other material) that is carried in suspension by the fracturing fluid and that serves to keep the cracks open when fracturing fluid is withdrawn after a fracture treatment.
tenosols	widespread in the western half of the continent where vast areas occur as red and yellow sand-plains
send packing	dismiss (someone) summarily.
brachiopod	A marine invertebrate that has two differently shaped valves and equilateral symmetry.
sand wedge	A form of ice wedge that contains accumulations of wind blown sand in long vertical layers
payout ratio	The ratio of cash dividends on common stock to earnings available for common stock.
buyer protection clause	A provision in a gas purchase contract permitting the buyer, under certain circumstances, to reduce the price below the amount specified in the contract.
swody2	The Day 2 Severe Weather Outlook is very similar to the Day 1 Outlook
solar radiation	The total electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun.
load factor	The ratio of average load to peak load during a specific period of time, expressed as a percent
littoral zone	The area on, or near the shore of a body water.
domesday book	The written record of a census and survey of English landowners and their property made by order of William the Conqueror in 1085-1086
composite cone	The volcanic cone of a stratovolcano, composed of both cinder and lava flows.
aquifer storage	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
mortgagor	The borrower in a mortgage agreement.
blowout	the uncontrolled flow of oil, gas or water from a geological formation that a drilled hole has penetrated.
union	A threaded fitting used to couple two runs of pipe together without having to turn or dismantle either run of pipe.
zoned embankment dam	An embankment dam which is comprised of zones of selected materials having different degrees of porosity, permeability and density.
tax preference items	Certain items of income, or special deductions from gross income which are given favored treatment under Federal tax law.
heterotroph	Organism that must consume energy rich organic molecules for survival
hp	High pressure
sustained yield	Rate at which ground water can be withdrawn from an aquifer without long-term depletion of the supply.
waterfall	a sudden, nearly vertical drop in a stream, as it flows over rock.
dice with death	to act dangerously.
absorption plant	A device that removes hydrocarbon compounds from natural gas, especially casinghead gas
china main port	Most petrochemical trade in China is carried out basis China Main Port, rather than a specific port.
barger	an uninvited guest.
valley wall	The side slope of a stream or glacial valley.
high-density polyethylene	Type III polyethylene with a density of 0.941 to 0.965 g/cubic centimeters.
motor octane number	The earlier of two numerical systems for measuring gasoline octane
overtopping	In the context of hydrology, overtopping refers to water flowing over the top of a dam or other water barrier, generally in a manner that the barrier is not intended to withstand
magnetic north	See North Magnetic Pole.
pe'cle't number	Dimensionless number relating the ratio of inertial forces to thermal diffusion
demand day	That 24-hour period specified by a supplier-user contract for purposes of determining the purchaser's daily quantity of gas used (e.g., 8 AM to 8 AM, etc.)
prime mover	Mechanical equipment, such as an engine or turbine, which converts the energy of a fuel or fluid into mechanical power, usually rotational.
jack-up rig	A floating platform with legs on each corner that can be lowered to the sea bottom to raise or jack up the platform above the water.
dactyl	In Greek mythology, a legendary being that lived on Mount Ida.
gathering agreement	Agreement between a producer and a gathering system operator specifying the terms and conditions for entry of the producer's gas into the gathering system.
defacto	(wife or husband) a person living with another as wife or husband: e.g., Sheila's defacto this time is a beaut bloke, not a no-hoper like the last one, who shot through the minute she dropped her load.
middle clouds	In the middle family are the altostratus, altocumulus, and nimbostratus clouds
stilling basin	A basin constructed to dissipate the energy of fast-flowing water (e.g., from a spillway or bottom outlet), and to protect the streambed from erosion.
fault line	A commonly-used term that is synonymous with the surface trace of a fault
swell	A relatively smooth ocean wave that travels some distance from the area of its generation.
ntu	nephelometric turbidity units--standard unit used to define turbidity
rio arriba	San Juan
revolution	The motion of one body around another.
spawn	to produce or deposit eggs, as those of aquatic animals
dry valley	A valley in which the waters of the stream/river that originally cut the valley now flow below the present land surface as groundwater
red-light camera	photographic device recording drivers who fail to stop at a red light.
constituents	parts of a whole; components
flit	(see: do a flit).
mantle	The main bulk of a planet between the crust and the core; on Earth, the mantle ranges from about 40 to 2,900 kilometers (25 to 1800 miles) below the surface.
weather balloon	Large balloon filled with helium or hydrogen that carries a radiosonde (weather instrument) aloft to measure temperature pressure and humidity as the balloon rises through the air
environmental protection agency	Federal agency that regulates industrial impacts on the environment.
weir	1
blanket certificate	Authorizes open access transportation by interstate pipeline companies on behalf of others and certain services by local distribution companies and Hinshaw companies under blanket certificates (of public convenience and necessity) subject to certain conditions and reporting requirements
mtbe	Methyl tertiary butyl ether — an octane booster and oxygenate used for gasoline blending.
optic	a look: e.g., Come and have an optic at this!
upflow	an upward flow.
popcorn convection	Slang for showers and thunderstorms that form on a scattered basis with little or no apparent organization, usually during the afternoon in response to diurnal heating
amine	Organic base used in refining operations to absorb acidic gases (H2S, COS, CO2) occurring in process streams
backswamp	Marshy low lying area in a stream's floodplain
boundary conditions	the physical conditions at the boundaries of a system
dew point	Temperature at which condensation occurs for a given amount of water vapor.
mass	a measure of the total amount of material in a body, defined either by the inertial properties of the body or by its gravitational influence on other bodies.
energy factor	A measure of the overall efficiency of a water heater, based on its recovery efficiency, standby loss and energy input as set out in standardized Department of Energy test procedures.
purchased gas adjustment	A provision approved by the regulatory agency allowing a company to make filings to change its rates, without the usual suspension period, for the purpose of recovering currently the changes in its cost of purchased gas
ron	Research octane number
continental shelf	The continental shelf is the part of the ocean floor next to each of the continents
pluto	Planet ninth in order, and farthest, from the sun
catch	(cricket) dismiss (a batsman) by catching the ball before it reaches the ground.
subtropical jet	This jet stream is usually found between 20° and 30° latitude at altitudes between 39,000 and 46,000 feet (12 and 14 kilometers).
breeching	A passageway, usually constructed of sheet metal, to conduct the flue gases from the boiler to the chimney
plutonium	A radioactive element used as a raw material in the manufacture of nuclear weapons; a waste product of processes yielding atomic energy.
kyogle	a timber town surrounded by one of the largest remaining areas of rainforest in NSW
saturated thickness	The vertical thickness of an aquifer that is full of water
magma chamber	A space in the Earth's crust or mantle which contains a volume of molten rock, ie magma.
offshore block	A square in the geographic grid dividing offshore waters
tailwater height	Height of water immediately downstream of the dam
wave crest	The highest part of the wave above the still water level.
rotor cloud	A turbulent cloud formation found in the lee of some large mountain barriers
gas well	See WELL, GAS.
casing head gas	Gas dissolved in crude oil which emerges at the casing head when pressure is lowered
acetone test	A process control test for PVC pipe which indicates how well the rigid vinyl compound has been fused together in the extruder
hubble	Edwin Powell Hubble (1889-1953) American astronomer known for seminal work in modern cosmology.
contractor	a water agency that signs a contract to acquire given amounts of water from another agency, usually under specified conditions
wall sticking	A condition in which a section of the drillstring becomes stuck on deposits of filter cake on the wall of the borehole in a well.
hollow legs	pertaining to a voracious appetite.
title	The right to, and the ownership of, land by the owner
mwd	Measurement while drilling.
absorbed water	Water held mechanically in a soil mass and having physical properties similar to ordinary water at the same temperature and pressure.
lysimeter	Meteorological instrument used to measure potential and actual evapotranspiration.
absorbent	A material which, due to an affinity for certain substances, extracts one or more such substances from a liquid or gaseous medium with which it contacts, and which changes physically, or both, during the process.
catching pen	a pen from which a shearer takes the next sheep to be shorn.
kurrajong	Most (29 of 31) of the trees belonging to the Brachychiton family are endemic to Australia
hydrograph	a graphic plot of changes in elevation of water level against time.
celestial equator	the intersection of the earth's equatorial plane with the celestial sphere.
transpiration	direct transfer of water from the leaves of living plants to the atmosphere
township	A square tract of land six miles on a side, it consists of 36 sections of one square mile each.
eddy viscosity	An approximation to turbulent flow whereby the net effect of molecular diffusion enhanced by strain flows between eddies is parametrized by an eddy viscosity acting on large scale motion
benzene	One of the aromatic hydrocarbons, produced from crude oil via fractional distillation and cataytic reforming, or from toluene via dealkylation
delivered at terminal	A sales-contract term meaning that the seller's LNG price includes delivery to and unloading at a named terminal but not the import-clearance costs, such as taxes
non-ionizing radiation	A form of electromagnetic radiation that does not have enough energy to cause ionization of atoms in living tissue
clear skies	Skies are clear when no clouds or obscurations are observed or detected from the point of observation.
ecosphere	total of all the ecosystems on the planet, along with their interactions; the sphere of air, water, and land in which all life is found.
leasehold	land owned by governments on behalf of the people they represent, but leased to specified people or organisations for a specific purpose
second	transfer a worker to other employment or to another position.
variable costs	Voltage-Ampere-Reactive
eyepiece	the lens at the viewing end of a telescope
winter	Season between fall and spring
oyashio current	A cold ocean current flowing from the Bering Sea southwest along the coast of Kamchatka, past the Kuril Islands, continuing close to the northeast coast of Japan and reaching nearly 35 degrees latitude
peak load	The maximum load consumed or produced by a unit or group of units in a stated period of time.
city gate rate	The rate charged a distribution company by its supplier(s)
anistropic aquifer	an aquifer in which permeability varies with direction of flow
listing	An employment contract between principal and agent that authorizes the agent (such as a broker) to perform services for the principal and his property.
well bore	This is the entire length of hole that the drill makes in the ground; there is a great deal of engineering software for the design and casing of a well bore, as it is integral to the overall structural integrity of the well.
pva	An acronym for Positive Vorticity Advection.
afterbay	The tail race of a hydroelectric power plant at the outlet of the turbines
chart datum	reference plane
volumetric	A measurement based on the volume of some factor
caldera	a large, basin-shaped volcanic depression that is more or less circular in form
advances for construction	A deferred credit account representing cash advances paid to the utility by customers requiring the construction of facilities in their behalf
stoplogs	Large logs, timbers or steel beams placed on top of each other with their ends held in guides on each side of a channel or conduit providing a temporary closure versus a permanent bulkhead gate.
british thermal unit	A measure of the heating value of a fuel
aggregation	The process of combination of very small volcanic ash or dust particles in volcanic plumes in the atmosphere to form larger particles which settle out rapidly to the earth's surface due to their large diameter.
supercooled liquid water	In the atmosphere, liquid water can survive at temperatures colder than 32°F (0°C); many vigorous storms contain large amounts of supercooled liquid water at cold temperatures
parapet wall	A solid wall built along the top of the dam for ornament, safety, or to prevent overtopping.
front-end costs	Costs that are paid out of initial investment in a venture, first, before the venture activities actually begin.
flour bomb	any light container, such as folded paper, filled with flour and thrown at people in scorn, ridicule or contempt.
tva	Temporary voluntary abatement
barometer	Instrument used for measuring atmospheric pressure.
el niño	Irregular changes in the ocean currents off the west coast of South America that result in prolonged increases in sea-surface temperatures along the coast of Peru and in the equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean
velocity pressure	See PRESSURE, VELOCITY.
radioactive decay	The spontaneous natural process by which radioactive parent isotopes decay to form daughter isotopes
track	The path that a storm or weather system follows.
fold	A flexure in rocks; that is, a change in the amount of sip of a bed, and also often a change in the direction of dip.
emissions	disseminate the results of these studies, and identify targets for research, development and demonstration.
back door cold front	A cold front moving south or southwest along the Atlantic seaboard and Great Lakes.
wet floodproofing	An approach to floodproofing which usually is a last resort
operating reserve margin	The amount of unused available capability that can be applied to the system within ten minutes at peakload for a utility system, expressed as a percentage of total capability
arroyo	A water-carved channel or gully in arid country, usually rather small with steep banks, dry most of the time, due to infrequent rainfall and the shallowness of the cut which does not penetrate below the level of permanent ground water.
vapor barrier	A moisture-impervious layer applied to the warm side for the purpose of preventing moisture travel.
cape leeuwin	the most south-western cape in Australia
thermal stress cracking	Crazing and cracking of some thermoplastic resins which results from overexposure to elevated temperatures.
king leopold ranges	the highest range in the Kimberley
tidal level	That part of the observed sea level which is coherent with tide generating forces and is therefore predictable from a set of harmonic constants.
travel time	The time required for a flood wave to travel from one location to a subsequent location downstream.
itt	In-tank transfer.
maximum gas in storage	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
diurnal	Daily; related to actions which are completed in the course of a calendar day, and which typically recur every calendar day (e.g., diurnal temperature rises during the day, and diurnal falls at night).
conservation	Management of water resources so as to eliminate waste or maximize efficiency of use.
priorities of service	A predetermined schedule of service obligations or contracts which specifies where one such service or contract takes precedence over another for deliveries of natural gas.
rolling	One of the five slope phases to which all soils were assigned (see Slope phase); land with a slope of 8–15°.
energy-efficiency program	A DSM program aimed at reducing overall consumption, often without regard for the timing of the program-induced savings
naphthenic naphtha	Favored form of reformer feedstock naphtha.
exotic weeds	plants/weeds that are not native to the area in which they're now growing
soil profile	A vertical section of a soil showing all its horizons to 90 cm depth.
service tee	A tee is a customer's service piping with one leg closed and used for access to the service pipe in case of plugging with solids
mesotrophic lake	Lake with a moderate nutrient supply
deflation hollow	A surface depression or hollow commonly found in arid and semiarid regions caused by wind erosion
average orbital	speed around the Sun: This is a measure of how fast a planet moves through space, in kilometers per hour.
deposition	the laying down of material by erosion or transport by water or air.
well development	This operation helps make water enter the well more easily and can make the difference between a satisfactory and an unsatisfactory well
reference surface	A surface, usually clean, against which a surface soiled by deposited dust is compared and judged.
boulder	A piece of gravel larger than 256 millimeters (~10 inches) in size.
reservoir	a pond or lake where water is collected and stored until it is needed
mollisols	Soil order (type) of the United States Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Classification System
seeps	Geothermal area where water heated from hot rocks beneath the earth's surface rises through cracks and other small openings in the ground.
snow flurries	They are intermittent light snowfalls of short duration (generally light snow showers) with no measurable accumulation.
outcrop	Area of exposed bedrock at the Earth's surface with no overlying deposits of soil or regolith.
circulate	to move in a circle, circuit or orbit; to flow without obstruction; to follow a course that returns to the starting point.
ad valorem tax	A tax on the value of the object or thing subject to taxation.
comet	A small celestial body composed at least partially of ices
black ice	Thin, new ice on fresh or saltwater, appearing dark in color because of its transparency; also popularly applied to thin hazardous ice coverings on roads.
aboriginal land	areas of land made available for the use, benefit and residence by and of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
devonian period	The interval of geologic time between about 417 and 354 million years ago.
sludge	solid matter that settles to the bottom of sedimentation tanks in a sewage treatment plant and must be disposed of by digestion or other methods or recycled to the land.
psychorophobia	The fear of the cold
fossil fuels	Fuel, such as oil, formed in the earth from plant or animal remains.
pumped hydroelectric storage	storing water for future use in generating electricity
spring tides	MEAN RANGE OF TIDE: The difference in height between MEAN HIGH WATER and MEAN LOW WATER.
groundwater recharge	the process where water enters the soil surface and eventually reaches the saturated zone
artesian well	A well in which water rises above the aquifer.
dissolved oxygen	amount of oxygen gas dissolved in a given quantity of water at a given temperature and atmospheric pressure
barton	Clara Barton (1821-1912) Founder of American Red Cross.
system lambda	The marginal, variable production cost of electricity at a given level of system output.
vent connector	That portion of the venting system which connects the gas appliance to the gas vent or chimney.
diversion	to remove water from a water body
soil moisture	the water contained in the pore space of the unsaturated zone.
ice jam	The accumulation of ice at a specific location along a stream channel
dry line	A boundary the separates dry and moist air in the warm sector of a mid-latitude cyclone wave
barber pole	Slang for a thunderstorm updraft with a visual appearance including cloud striations that are curved in a manner similar to the stripes of a barber pole
derecho	(Pronounced day-RAY-cho) A widespread and usually fast-moving windstorm associated with convection
cycling	Number of times the same quantity of gas can be injected into and withdrawn from storage in a set period of time
moody's stock quality groups	Preferred and Common Stocks: High Quality - High quality by all standards
tilt	It describes a storm in which a line connecting the centroid of a mid level storm component to the centroid of the lowest storm component is to the right or the rear of the direction of motion.
pidx	An acronym for Petroleum Industry Data Exchange
mist flow	A producing flow condition in a well bore in which gas and oil flow at very high velocities
mushroom	Slang for a thunderstorm with a well-defined anvil rollover, and thus having a visual appearance resembling a mushroom.
streamflow	Water flowing in the stream channel
cable tool rig	An old-fashioned drilling rig that pounds a hole in the ground by raising and lowering a drill bit suspended on a cable.
formation damage	The reduction in permeability in reservoir rock due to the infiltration of drilling or treating fluids into the area adjacent to the wellbore.
spring tide	(or springs)
market-based pricing	The basing of a longer-term contract or rate schedule on published current market prices of competing supplies of natural gas or alternate fuels
spot forecasts	These are NWS site-specific fire weather forecasts
primary phase field	Area or volume on a phase diagram depicting crystal-melt equilibria in which one crystalline phase precipitates.
aerated lagoon	a holding and/or treatment pond that speeds up the natural process of biological decomposition of organic waste by stimulating the growth and activity of bacteria that degrade organic waste.
cirrocumulus	They are thin clouds, the individual elements which appear as small white flakes or patches of cotton, usually sowing brilliant and glittering quality suggestive of ice crystals
tectonic map	A geologic map showing the structure of the earth’s crust.
pipe	Oilfield tubular goods such as casing, drill pipe, tubing, or pipeline
scheduling	A process by which nominations are first consolidated by receipt point, by contract, and verified with upstream/ downstream parties
chemical autotroph	Organism that uses the external energy found in chemical compounds to produce food molecules
dealer tankwagon price	The price paid by a branded dealer for petroleum products supplied by a major oil company.
system element	System elements are the kinds of things or substances composing the system
outdoor exposure	Plastic pipe and plastic equipment stored so that it is not protected from the elements of normal weather conditions, i.e, the sun's rays, rain, air and wind.
ecosystem	the interacting system of a biological community and its non-living environmental surroundings; a complex system composed of a community of fauna and flora, taking into account the chemical and physical environment with which the system is interrelated.
dedicated acreage	Acreage dedicated to a company by contract
edge wave	A wave of water that moves parallel to the shore
eligibility criteria	Standards that describe the customers who can participate in a utility's DSM program.
tethys	during the time of Pangea (Permian and Triassic) this was the sea that separated the northern half (Laurasia) of the supercontinent from the southern (Gondwana)
plankton	Minute organisms floating in the seas, rivers, ponds, lakes as distinct from those which are attached or crawl upon the bottom.
securities	A financial form that shows the holder owns a share or shares of a company (stock) or has loaned money to a company or government organization (bond).
bring in a well	Act of completing and bringing a well into production
knarn kolak	an Aboriginal people of the Port Fairy area, Victoria, long before the arrival of Europeans
geostationary orbit	Satellite that has an orbit that keeps it over the same point on the Earth at all times
naphtha	Naptha is a collective name given to a range of distillates covering the heavier end of the gaseous fuel and the light end of the kerosene range.
laccolith	an igneous intrusion: top, comical; bottom or floor, essentially flat; and outline (when viewed from above), roughly circular.
interstate gas	Gas transported in interstate pipelines to be sold and consumed in states other than that state in which the gas was produced.
dissolution	See solution.
order to show cause	An order issued by the Commission or a court to bring a question for hearing
cracked fuel	Residue remaining after a straight run fuel has been processed by enhanced refining methods
penetrating top	Same as overshooting top.
enzyme	Are types of proteins that are used to facilitate and regulate chemical reactions within cells.
inchoate water right	an unperfected water right.
hda	Hydrodealkylation, a process used for making benzene from toluene.
stormwater discharge	Precipitation that does not infiltrate into the ground or evaporate due to impervious land surfaces, but instead flows onto adjacent land or water areas and is routed into drain/sewer systems.
convection zone	a layer in a star in which convection currents are the main mechanism by which energy is transported outward
burner capacity	The maximum Btu per hour that can be released by a burner while burning with a stable flame and satisfactory combustion
magma	Molten rock originating from the Earth's interior.
earthen dam	An embankment dam in which more than 50% of the total volume is formed of compacted fine-grained material
trogloxene	An animal that visits caves but is dependent on the outside for food
phanerozoic	Geologic eon that occurs from 2500 million years ago to today
antagonism	The mutual killing, injury or inhibition of growth of dissimilar organisms occupying the same ecological niche.
bed	A distinct sedimentary layer (stratum) thicker than 1 centimeter.
grid south	The direction south as measured on the Universal Transverse Mercator grid system.
stack	A chimney or conduit for smoke.
proppant	Specifically sized particles mixed with fracturing fluids used in hydraulic fracturing treatments to hold narrow fractures open (usually fractions of an inch in width)
pingo	A large frost mound of more than one-year duration.
high clouds	These clouds have bases between 16,500 and 45,000 feet in the mid latitudes
weymouth formula	A formula for calculating gas flow in large diameter pipelines
atlantic seaboard	See SEABOARD METHOD.
apparent specific gravity	See bulk specific gravity.
folding	Aliasing; applied to both velocity and range aliasing.
ofgem	UK regulatory body which oversees electricity and gas trade, pipelines and the power grid
quad	One Quadrillion (1,000,000,000,000,000) Btus
median	Being in the middle or in an intermediate position.
qua ibo	A Nigerian crude oil, with an API of about 35.9.
saturation	the condition of being filled to capacity
chain tongs	a hand tool used to tighten or loosen pipe, consisting of a handle and chain that resembles the chain on a bicycle.
c&e	Well completion and equipment cost.
stream	a general term for a body of flowing water.
flow prover	Apparatus used to determine the accuracy of displacement meters
instream use	use of water that does not require withdrawal or diversion from its natural watercourse; for example, the use of water for navigation, recreation, and support of fish and wildlife.
payload	The cargo (scientific instruments, satellites, spacecraft, etc.) carried by a rocket.
third quarter	26.5800
ice shove	On-shore ice push caused by wind, and currents, changes in temperature, etc..
burner-tip	The point at which natural gas is used as a fuel.
open lake	The Great Lakes waters beyond 5 nautical miles from shore.
hit a bad patch	strike difficulty or problems; experience misfortune, especially financial.
service drip	A liquid-collecting trap at the low point in a customer's gas service piping when the piping cannot be sloped back to the distribution main
gibber bird	Ashbyia lovensis, one of the Australian honeyeaters, and an inhabitant of the stony deserts and short-grass plains of Queensland, NSW and NT
geohydrology	That branch of hydrology relating to subsurface, or subterranean waters.
net revenue interest	The percentage of revenues from a property an interest holder is due, calculated as 100% minus royalties or other burdens on the property
footslogger	member of the Army.
measurable	Precipitation of 0.01" or more.
outfall	the place where a wastewater treatment plant discharges treated water into the environment.
glue-pot	1
rebate program	A DSM program in which the utility offers a financial incentive for the installation of energy-efficient equipment
explosion head	A term applied to a protective device that is arranged to blow out a disk, usually if an air-gas mixture explodes in a piping system
shelf ice	Same as ice shelf.
firn limit	The lower boundary of the zone of accumulation on a glacier where snow accumulates on an annual basis
isotope	Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
thermosteric anomally	The specific-volume anomaly ( steric anomaly ) that the sea water at any point would attain if the sea water were brought isothermally to a pressure of one standard atmosphere =2E
autochthonous clay	Clay originating in the soft sediment or sedimentary rock where it is identified and where it formed either by neoformation (i.e., from dissolved elements) or by transformation (i.e., from mineral growth on preexisting sedimentary substrate).
phreatophyte	A plant that habitually obtains its water supply from the zone of saturation, either directly or through the capillary fringe.
temperate glacier	Glacier in which the ice found below 10 to 20 meters from its surface is at the pressure melting point
fog bow	A nebulous arc or circle of white or yellowish light sometimes seen in fog.
alvusion	a sudden or perceptible change in a river's margin, such as a change in course or loss of banks due to flooding.
production	A term commonly used to describe taking natural resources out of the ground.
suction	Pumps without down-hole cylinders rely on suction generated by above-ground cylinders to lift water up the rising main.
high-resolution dipmeter tool	A dipmeter tool which records four high-resolution microresistivity curves and has an additional electrode on one pad which yields another curve at displaced depth
spatial analysis	The examination of the spatial pattern of natural and human-made phenomena using numerical analysis and statistics.
headstation	A point at which gas enters the pipeline's main transmission line, either at the interconnection of the gathering system or of a third party transporter
stratosphere	the cold region of a planetary atmosphere above the convecting regions (the troposphere), usually without vertical motions but sometimes exhibiting strong horizontal jet streams.
liquefaction	Temporary transformation of a soil mass of soil or sediment into a fluid mass
fixed variable	A classification method that assigns 100% of fixed costs to the demand component of the rate.
assets	Everything of value an individual owns.
farm out agreement	An arrangement in which the responsibility of exploration and development is shifted (by assignment) from the working interest owner to another party.
out of the box	exceptional; extraordinary.
air	The soil atmosphere, the gaseous phase of the soil, is the volume not occupied by solid or liquid.
agronomy	The branch of agriculture that deals with the theory and practice of field-crop production and the scientific management of soil.
annual flood	The maximum discharge peak during a given water year (October 1 - September 30).
rain foot	Slang for a horizontal bulging near the surface in a precipitation shaft, forming a foot-shaped prominence
indonesian throughflow	(ITF) the Pacific to Indian Ocean through-flow, as it is referred to in climate research
carbonaceous chondrite	a type of primitive chondrite with evidence of nebular processes.
chinook wind	A warm, dry wind that descends the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains
bond	a promise to repay money borrowed, plus interest, over a specified period of time
aggregate	A group of soil particles cohering in such a way that they behave mechanically as a unit.
barge in	to intrude, either physically or in speech: e.g., Don't just come barging in here, without knocking first!
ghost gum	Corymbia papuana, an upright tree to 16m that is characterised by smooth, white bark and named for its ghostly appearance by moonlight
wadot	Washington State Department of Transportation
water flooding	A method of secondary recovery in which water is injected into a reservoir in order to move additional quantities of oil toward producing wells.
gas column	The vertical height of a gas accumulation above the gas-oil or gas-water contact.
ozone layer	Atmospheric concentration of ozone found at an altitude of 10 to 50 kilometers above the Earth's surface
fall	The recovered meteorites of an event that was seen by eye witnesses.
bond ratings	Rating systems which provide investors with a simple series of gradations by which the relative investment qualities or risks of bonds are indicated
interbasin transfer	The physical transfer of water from one watershed to another.
schmidt number	A dimensionless number relating the ratio of inertial to molecular diffusive forces
nor'easter	A strong low pressure system that affects the Mid Atlantic and New England States
ped	A unit of soil structure; an aggregate of soil particles formed by natural processes, as distinct from a clod, which is formed artificially by humans.
dinger	backside; bum.
ground clutter	A pattern of radar echoes from fixed ground targets (buildings, hills, etc.) near the radar
volatile liquids	Liquids which easily vaporize or evaporate at room temperatures.
return period	The average time between events such as the flooding of a particular level
ovda	In Finnish mythology, a wild, ill-humored spirit who wanders through the forests looking for trespassers to tickle to death.
richter scale	A logarithmic measurement scale of earthquake magnitude
discharge	the volume of water that passes a given point within a given period of time
downtime	Downtime is all time during which an operation is postponed, usually due to bad weather or mechanical failure.
hen's party	a party for women only, especially a party held in honour of a woman just prior to her marriage.
thermocline	Boundary in a body of water where the greatest vertical change in temperature occurs
21.3500	.406288
gamma radiation	Radiation consisting of electromagnetic wave-type energy similar to X-rays
orthographic projection	Map projection that presents the Earth's surface in two-dimensions as if it were being observed from a great distance in space
combined shear	This WSR-88D radar product displays a combined radial and azimuthal shear of the mean radial velocity
barley sugar	an amber-coloured boiled lolly, traditionally made with water in which barley has been simmered for several hours before bringing it to a boil and adding sugar
top storage gas	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
securities	Securities are commonly thought of as stocks and bonds
map projection	Cartographic process used to represent the Earth's three-dimensional surface onto a two-dimension map
magma	naturally occurring mobile molten rock materials, generated within the earth.
dimension ratio	The average specified diameter of a pipe divided by the minimum specified wall thickness
grout curtain	A barrier produced by injecting grout into a vertical zone, usually narrow (horizontally), and in the foundation to reduce seepage under a dam.
drill pipe	Steel pipe sections of about 9 m in length that are screwed together to form a continuous pipe extending from the drilling rig to the drilling bit at the bottom of the hole
hardness	When hard water is used with soap it will form an insoluble residue and hard water will form a scale in utensils in which the water has been allowed to evaporate
insolation	Direct or diffused shortwave solar radiation that is received in the Earth's atmosphere or at its surface.
meteorological tide	Annual or semi-annual changes in sea level due to shifts in prevailing winds or seasonal changes in water temperature; distinguish from atmospheric tide.
dead oil	Oil at sufficiently low pressure that it contains no dissolved gas or a relatively thick oil or residue that has lost its volatile components.
flow	the rate of water discharged from a source expressed in volume with respect to time.
gelisols	Soil order (type) of the United States Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Classification System
tasmanian blackwood	(see: blackwood).
safety shutoff device	A device that will shut off the gas supply to the controlled burner(s) in the event the source of ignition fails
grey scrub [lcdb2 classification]	Small-leaved indigenous shrubs with mainly divaricate growth form
pollutant	any substance of such character and in such quantities that when it reaches a body of water the effect is to degrade the receiving water perhaps to a point rendering it unfit for some specified designated use.
impact resistance	Energy required to break a specimen by a sudden blow.
depth to water	The depth of the water table below the earth's surface.
higgledy-piggledy	mixed up; jumbled; confused; in utter disorder.
incineration	The process of reducing refuse material to ash.
resources	That which can be recovered with current technologies but may or may not be profitable to produce (excludes methane/natural gas hydrates that may be recoverable in the future with technical advancements) estimated to exist in naturally occurring accumulations
accessory cloud	A cloud which is dependent on a larger cloud system for development and continuance
updraft	Upward movement of air.
caldera	A large circular depression in a volcano.
dry adiabatic rate	The rate of change of temperature in rising or descending unsaturated air parcel
hydrogasification	The gasification of a suitable fuel by reacting it directly with hydrogen.
laboratory water	purified water used in the laboratory as a basis for making up solutions or making dilutions
lotic system	a flowing body of fresh water, such as a river or stream
fossil	Any remains or traces of a once-living plant or animal preserved in rocks (arbitrarily excludes Recent remains); any evidence of ancient life
sunspot	Dark patches on the Sun's surface caused by a temporary cooler region than the surrounding areas.
arch	A landform produced by coastal erosion
proven reserve	The quantity of oil or gas that is proven to be technically and economically feasible to recover.
feces	waste excreted from the bowels of humans and animals
northing	Second measurement of a grid reference used to specific the location of a point on a rectangular coordinate system
joint venturers	Any persons, firms, corporations or other entities that are admitted into a joint venture either as additional or substitute joint venturers and that are then owners of a unit or units in a joint venture.
potential evapotranspiration	Actual evapotranspiration is the total volume of water removed from land through evaporation and plant transpiration
solar energy	See insolation.
grandfather clause	The continuation of a former rule, clause, or policy (usually in a contractual agreement) where a change to a new rule or policy would be patently unfair to those covered by the former.
probable reserves	The definition of probable reserves is in accordance with regulations (2007 PRMS) formulated by the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) through support from the World Petroleum Council (WPC), the American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) and the Society of Petroleum Evaluation Engineers (SPEE)
point discharge	Instantaneous rate of discharge, in contrast to the mean rate for an interval of time.
neutrino	a fundamental particle supposedly produced in massive numbers by the nuclear reactions in stars; they are very hard to detect because the vast majority of them pass completely through the Earth without interacting.
development	The act of pumping and surging water in a well to remove mud and dirt from within the filter pack, borehole wall and local aquifer
direct runoff	The runoff entering stream channels promptly after rainfall or snowmelt
el nino	A warm ocean current setting south along the coast of Ecuador, so called because it generally develops just after Christmas
cone of depression	Cone-shaped lowering of the water table or potentiometric surface around a pumped well.
accrued depreciation	The difference between the present worth of improvements and the reproduction or replacement cost new, both measured on the appraisal date.
base gas	See cushion gas.
mops	Mean of Platts Singapore
jetty	A structure (e.g.; a pier, or mole of wood or stone) extending into a sea, lake, or river to influence the current or tide or to protect a harbor.
low pressure distribution system	See SYSTEM TYPE.
excess rain	Effective rainfall in excess of infiltration capacity.
cubic feet per second	A measurement of water flow representing one cubic foot of water moving past a given point in one second.
absorption refrigerating system	See REFRIGERATING SYSTEM, ABSORPTION.
department of energy	The Department of Energy is the twelfth Cabinet Position, and it consists of the Office of the Secretary of Energy and the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
interim relief	Relief granted by the Commission in response to an applicant's claim that a regulation would cause irreparable injury, special hardship or inequity to himself or the public.
sour crude or gas	Oil or natural gas containing sulfur compounds, notably hydrogen sulfide a poisonous gas.
permit	An area of defined size which is licensed or allocated to a company or companies by the government for the purpose of exploring for and producing oil and gas
influent	water, wastewater, or other liquid flowing into a reservoir, basin, or treatment plant.
treatment	any method, technique, or process designed to remove solids and/or pollutants from solid waste, waste-streams, and effluents.
force of acceleration	Force resulting in the speed of a moving body to increase.
graphic scale	Way of expressing the scale of a map with a graphic.
molecule	the smallest division of a compound that still retains or exhibits all the properties of the substance.
capacity factor	The ratio of the actual sales during any specified period to the maximum amount of sales the system is capable of delivering during that time.
band width	The number of cycles per second between the limits of a frequency band.
solar nebula theory	The current theory for the origin of the solar system, which involves a huge cloud of gases and dispersed solids condensing under its own gravitational attraction, then contracting, rotating, and flattening into a disk, with the sun forming in the center and planets forming in localized eddies around the sun.
divergence	Horizontal outflow of wind from an area
minimum streamflow	the specific amount of water reserved to support aquatic life, to minimize pollution, or for recreation
hydrostatic test	A strength test of equipment (pipe) in which the item is filled with liquid, subjected to suitable pressure, and then shut in, and the pressure monitored
brn	An acronym for Bulk Richardson Number.
street tee	A tee with an external thread on one of the run connections and with internal threads on the opposite run connection and on the side outlet.
potential well yield	An estimate of well yield generally above the existing yield rate or test rate, but considered possible on the basis of available information, data and present well performance.
percolating waters	waters passing through the ground beneath the Earth's surface without a definite channel.
scrag-ends	the worst parts; left-overs.
sheet wash	a flow of rainwater that covers the entire ground surface with a thin film and is not concentrated into streams
balancing penalty	A daily or monthly penalty assessed on the difference between volumes tendered and volumes received by the shipper
extensive land use zone	the area of Australia that does not contain intensive land use
commodity charge	A charge per unit volume or heat content (i.e., therm) of gas delivered to the buyer
sea breeze	A current of air flowing inland, associated with warmer surface temperatures inland than at sea
diluent	A neutral fluid added to another fluid to reduce the concentration of the second fluid in a mixture.
k-t boundary	The point in the geological record ending the Cretaceous period and the beginning of the Tertiary period
nuclear power plant	A facility in which heat produced in a reactor by the fissioning of nuclear fuel is used to drive a steam turbine
price ceiling	Statutory maximum lawful prices for various categories of natural gas, including gas destined for both the intrastate and interstate markets.
oilfield services	Described as service companies that do work in and for the oilfield
base map	A map that shows only essential geolgraphic references (such as roads, towns, section lines, etc.) on which additional information is plotted: for example, a topographic map on which geologic information is recorded.
credit score	A computer-generated number that summarizes an individual's credit profile and predicts the likelihood that a borrower will repay future obligations.
blowdown	the water drawn from boiler systems and cold water basins of cooling towers to prevent the buildup of solids.
natural selection	Environment's influence on the reproductive success of individuals in a population
amsl	Above mean sea level
gfs	An acronym for Global Forecast System.
nonpotable	not suitable for drinking
spot market	A product of deregulation, the spot market is a method of contract purchasing whereby commitments by the buyer and seller are of a short duration at a single volume price.
splitting storm	A thunderstorm which splits into two storms which follow diverging paths (a left mover and a right mover)
burner unit	An assembly of one or more burner heads receiving gas through a single set of control valves.
drainage pattern	Geometric pattern that a stream's channels take in the landscape
flick pass	(Australia Rules football) a handpass in which the ball is struck with the open hand (instead of a closed fist).
netback pricing basis	The supplier receives a percentage of the price for which the product is sold.
drought	(1) interval of time, generally of the order of months or years in duration, during which the actual moisture supply at a given place rather consistently falls short of the climatically expected or climatically appropriate moisture supply (meteorological drought); (2) a condition that occurs only when available soil moisture is inadequate to meet evaporative demand by plants (agricultural drought); (3) a period of below-normal streamflow (hydrological drought).
unconformity	A break in the sequence of sedimentary strata
plate tectonics	A theory supported by a wide range of evidence that the Earth's crust and upper mantle are composed of several large, thin, relatively rigid plates that move relative to one another
agrarian landscape	An area that is predominantly used for agriculture.
lee effect	The effect of topography on winds to the lee (downwind) side of an obstacle such as a steep island, cliff, or mountain range.
subsidence inversion	It is produced by adiabatic heating of air as it sinks and is associated with anticyclones (high pressure) and/or stable air masses
eyetie	an Italian person or thing.
interest charged to construction-credit	See ALLOWANCE FOR FUNDS USED DURING CONSTRUCTION.
water heater efficiency measures	Energy Factor (EF) - A measure of the overall efficiency of a water heater based on its recovery efficiency, standby loss and energy input as set out in the standardized Department of Energy test procedures.
siphon spillway	A spillway with one or more siphons built at crest level
different kettle of fish	an altogether different story, matter, thing, person, or situation from that which is being discussed.
orbital period	the amount of time it takes a spacecraft or other object to travel once around it's orbit.
fungible	Interchangeable
convergence	Horizontal inflow of wind into an area
barney	noisy argument or fight; a row.
aviation weather center	One of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction
tdp	Toluene disproportionation
desertification	Progressive destruction or degradation of vegetation cover especially in arid and semiarid regions bordering existing deserts
git	fool; idiot; dolt.
instream use	The use of water that does not require withdrawal or diversion from its natural watercourse; for example, the use of water for navigation, recreation, and support of fish and wildlife.
natural resource	any form of matter or energy obtained from the environment that meets human needs.
greywater	wastewater from clothes washing machines, showers, bathtubs, handwashing, lavatories and sinks that are not used for disposal of chemical or chemical-biological ingredients.
uswc	Tanker and market abbreviation for US West Coast.
active acidity	The activity of hydrogen ion in the aqueous phase of a soil
blind roller	Long high swells which have increased in height, almost to the breaking point, as they pass over shoals or run in shallow water.
cashed up	having plenty of money.
sour/sweet crude	Definitions which describe the degree of a given crude's sulfur content
xbt	Abbreviation for expendable bathythermograph.
micron	1 micron = 1/1000 mm.
aquatic	growing in, living in, or frequenting water.
reservoir	a pond, lake, tank, or basin (natural or human made) where water is collected and stored
resource partitioning	The evolutionary process of species living in the same ecosystem dividing up resources so that each species develops dissimilar resource requirements to avoid competition
psuedo resultant	When the vector sum is taken of the maximum of each of the vertical, longitudinal and transverse records rather than of each point, then the answer will be greater than the true Resultant PPV and can be known as the Psuedo Resultant.
general warranty deed	A deed which conveys not only all the grantor's interests in and title to the property to the grantee, but also warrants that if the title is defective or has a "cloud" on it (such as mortgage claims, tax liens, title claims, judgments, or mechanic's liens against it) the grantee may hold the grantor liable.
scotchman's hill	over the road from Flemington Racecourse.
cation exchange	a process where positively charged ions of one chemical are preferentially replaced by positive ions of another chemical
forest	a vegetation community consisting of trees to 30m tall, generally with an understorey of smaller trees, shrubs, grasses and herbs
celsius scale	Scale for measuring temperature
safety hats	Rigid headgear of varying materials designed to protect the workman's head -- not only from impact, but from flying particles and electric shock or any combination of the three
esky-lidder	(derog.) in surfing slang, a bodyboard rider.
top sheets	The FERC Staff's written response to a company's filing for a general rate change
condominium	A unit in a multiunit building
booster station	A facility containing equipment which increases pressure on oil or gas in a pipeline.
value at risk	A widely used risk measure of the maximum loss a specific portfolio of financial assets can sustain over some period with a certain probability
arch dam	A concrete arch dam is used in sites where the ratio of width between abutments to height is not great and where the foundation at the abutments is solid rock capable of resisting great forces
air rights	The rights vested by a grant of an estate in real property to build upon, occupy, or use, in the manner and degree permitted, all or any portion of space above the ground or any other stated elevation within vertical planes, the basis of which corresponds with the boundaries of the real estate described in the grant.
pfg	Abbreviation of German pfennig, 1/100th of a Mark.
fissure	A fissure is an elongate fracture or crack at the surface from which lava erupts.
orographic lifting	Occurs when air is forced to rise and cool due to terrain features such as hills or mountains
semi-confined aquifer	an aquifer partially confined by soil layers of low permeability in which recharge and discharge can still occur.
unambiguous range	See maximum unambiguous range.
disk	the surface of the Sun or other celestial body projected against the sky.
affidavit	written declaration, sworn before an officer who has authority to administer oaths.
dipolar structure	The dominate accumulations of + and - charges in a thunderstorm cell (+ charge in the upper part of the cloud and - charge in the bottom part of the cloud).
cape river fan palm	Livistona lanuginosa, a large fan palm, similar in appearance to L
appropriations bill	A bill that gives legal authority to spend or obligate money from the Treasury
lance blenny	Aspidontus dussumieri has an elongate body with a long-based dorsal fin, and is white with a dark stripe from the eye to the caudal fin
extinct	No longer existing
supersaturation	The condition which occurs in the atmosphere when the relative humidity is greater than 100%.
evad	See VAD.
declination	Location (latitude) on the Earth where the Sun on a particular day is directly overhead (90° from horizon) at solar noon
notice of inquiry	Procedure used by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to gather information on a specified industry issue
massachusetts formula	A method used to allocate costs incurred by a parent company on behalf of its affiliates to those affiliates
groundwater hydrology	the branch of hydrology that deals with groundwater; its occurrence and movements, its replenishment and depletion, the properties of rocks that control groundwater movement and storage, and the methods of investigation and utilization of ground water.
workover rig	A portable rig used for working over a well.
tectonics	Structural deformation, especially folding and faulting.
pipeline gas	Gas under sufficient pressure to enter the high-pressure gas lines of a purchaser; gas sufficiently dry so that liquid hydrocarbons - natural gasoline, butane, and other gas liquids usually present in natural gas - will not condense or drop out in the transmission lines.
persistence	A measure of the effectiveness, over time, of a DSM measure, usually represented by the percentage of energy savings that remains each year
estuarine zone	area near the coastline that consists of estuaries and coastal saltwater wetlands.
depth of runoff	The total runoff from a drainage basin, divided by its area
broker	In CAPACITY ASSIGNMENT/BROKERING, a broker is one who sells or assigns firm transportation (or storage) capacity rights on an interstate pipeline to another entity
cenozoic	geologic era ranging from 65 Ma to present times
fumaroles	A fumarole (or fumerole) is a hole from which superheated gas and steam discharges under pressure
rope	A narrow, often contorted condensation funnel usually associated with the decaying stage of a tornado
energy information administration	The statistical information collection and analysis branch of the Department of Energy.
lactose	a white organic substance made from milk that is used in infant foods, bakery products and confections; also used as a "culture" in laboratories
documentary stamps	A State tax, in the forms of stamps, required on deeds and mortgages when real estate title passes from one owner to another
inflow stinger	A beaver tail cloud with a stinger-like shape.
solar nebula	The cloud of gas and dust that formed the young Sun and the surrounding planets.
flow augmentation	the addition of water to meet flow needs.
elevation angle	The vertical pointing angle of the antenna
slight chance	A National Weather Service precipitation descriptor for a 20 percent chance of measurable precipitation (0.01" / 0.25 mm)
debt	A sum of money owed from one person or institution to another person or institution.
red flag	This a fire weather program which highlights the onset of critical weather conditions conducive to extensive wildfire occurrences.
recovery factor	The percentage of oil or gas in place in a reservoir that ultimately can be withdrawn by primary and/or secondary techniques.
monsoon	A wind which blow from opposite directions between winter and summer
survivors	The plant surviving at the beginning of an age of interval and exposed to the risk of retirement during that interval.
butte	A hill with steep sides that usually stands away from other hills.
crack spread	The simultaneous purchase or sale of crude against the sale or purchase of refined petroleum products
meter class	A designation for a range of meter capacity
standby sales service	A service which permits a sales customer the option, on any day, of using up to a set percentage of its daily contract demand for transportation, rather than sales service
production cluster:	A production cluster refers to a group of several (2 to 30) wells - the majority of which are deviated and/or horizontal - that are part of one same drilling and production platform, the aim being to optimise the footprint of an onshore oilfield.
curie point	The temperature a substance reaches when its magnetism is lost.
limiting factor	Abiotic condition that most controls the growth of a species
conservation	saving; not wasting; using water wisely
tassel flower	tropical Asiatic annual cultivated for its small, tassel-shaped heads of scarlet flowers
back-fill	Earth or other material which has been used to refill a ditch or trench
radar cross section	The area of a fictitious, perfect reflector of electromagnetic waves (e.g., metal sphere) that would reflect the same amount of energy back to the radar as the actual target (e.g., lumpy snowflake).
imbrium	Mare Imbrium - Latin for "Sea of Rains".
celestial sphere	an imaginary sphere centered on the earth on which all of the stars are imagined to be projected.
refinancing	The process where a borrower pays-off one loan with the proceeds from another loan
peron peninsula	a long, narrow peninsula jutting into Shark Bay
b/l	See Bill of Lading.
fair	As in "fair" rate of return
fluid drag	Reduction in the flow velocity of a fluid by the frictional effects of a surface.
intermittent stream	A stream that flows periodically
certificate of water right	an official document which serves as court evidence of a perfected water right.
perched water table	groundwater standing unprotected over a confined zone.
land of nod	asleep: e.g., He's in the land of nod at the moment and can't come to the blower.
sea hare	an Aplysia species which periodically appears in great numbers on the seagrass beds of Westernport
distance ratio	Method for measuring the gradient of a slope
unconformable	Said of strata that do not succeed the underlying rocks in immediate order of age or in parallel position
turn-off	Discontinuance of utility service.
hydrologic equation	The water inventory equation (Inflow = Outflow + Change in Storage) which expresses the basic principle that during a given time interval the total inflow to an area must equal the total outflow plus the net change in storage.
amortization	A term used to describe the process of paying off a loan over a predetermined period of time at a specific interest rate
biological amplification	Increase in concentration of toxic fat-soluble chemicals in organisms at successively higher trophic levels of a grazing food chain or food web because of the consumption of organisms at lower trophic levels.
epa	Environmental Protection Agency. The federal regulatory agency responsible for protecting environmental quality throughout the nation
rate of penetration	A measure of the speed at which the bit drills into formations, usually expressed in feet per hour or minutes per foot
delivery point	Point at which gas leaves a transporter's system completing a sale or transportation service transaction between the pipeline company and a sale or trans-portation service customer.
drainage area	Of a stream at a specified location is that area, measured in a horizontal plane, enclosed by a topographic divide from which direct surface runoff from precipitation normally drains by gravity into the stream above the specified location.
national fuel gas code	A code that provides general criteria for the installation and operation of gas piping and gas equipment on consumers' premises
crustaceans	A group of anthropods (invertebrate animals with an external skeleton and segmented body) including crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill and barnacles.
polar vortex	High pressure system located in the upper atmosphere at the polar regions
rpg	See Regional Planning Guidance.
syncline	A basin shaped fold or fold system
city-gate	Physical location where gas is delivered by a pipeline to a local distribution company.
dinkum aussie	a patriotic Australian; someone motivated by genuine values
indicator species	Species that can be used as a early indicator of environmental degradation to a community or an ecosystem
hydroelectric plant	electric power plant in which the energy of falling water is used to spin a turbine generator to produce electricity.
sole source aquifer	An area designated by the U.S
flannel flower	Actinotus helianthii, a shallow-rooted wildflower
quarry	Any surface working where minerals are extracted
discounted cash flow	A method to determine the cost of common equity component of return using a discounted stream of future cash dividends.
tj	Terajoule
fathom	A unit of length equal to six feet which is used to measure the depth of water.
numerous	A National Weather Service convective precipitation descriptor for a 60% or 70% chance of measurable precipitation (0.01" / 0.25 mm))
diurnal tide	Tides that have one high and one low water per tidal period.
rille	One of several trenchlike, or cracklike valleys up to several hundred km long and 1-2 km wide commonly occurring on the Moon's surface.
headwaters	Streams at the source of a river.
low drifting	A descriptor used to describe snow, sand, or dust raised to a height of less than 6 feet above the ground.
overshooting	The failure of the radar to detect a target due to the radar beam passing above the target.
obsolescence	A process that brings about the retirement of plant prior to its physical degeneration by the development of new types of plant which are more economical, efficient, versatile and reliable.
south atlantic anomaly	the region over the South Atlantic Ocean where the lower Van Allen belt of energetic, electrically charged particles is particularly close to the Earth's surface
semidiurnal tide	The type of tide having two high waters and two low waters each tidal day with small inequalities between successive high and successive low water heights and durations.
critical aquifer recharge area	Areas that are determined to have a critical recharging effect on aquifers used as a source of potable water, and are vulnerable to contamination from recharge
well drained soils	Soils that have no evidence of gleying or mottling within 90 cm of the soil surface.
lichen	Organism that consists of a symbiotic joining of a species of fungi and a species of algae.
evaporation	A process by which liquid changes into a gas or vapor.
graupel	A type of precipitation that consists of a snow crystal and a raindrop frozen together
equity capital	Investment capital provided by common and preferred stockholders.
hydropyrolysis	A method of effecting the pyrolysis of a fuel by contacting it with hot hydrogen.
optimum	The level of an abiotic factor or condition in the environment within the tolerance range at which a species or population can function most efficiently or with the greatest positive effect to its physiological or reproductive fitness.
bottom hole pressure	The pressure in a well at the bottom of the hole, usually measured in pounds per square inch (psi).
control	A device designed to regulate the gas, air, water, and/or electrical supply to a gas-consuming or any other device.
contract price	Periodic (monthly/quarterly/annual) price agreed between sellers and buyers of commodities for term business
session	1
relief valve	See VALVE, RELIEF.
mica	Silicate mineral that exhibits a platy crystal structure and perfect cleavage
impermeable	A material such as rock, soil or sediment which cannot absorb water and does not allow it to pass through
bed load	Portion of the stream load that is carried along the stream bed without being permanently suspend in the flowing water.
waterspout	A vortex of rapidly moving air over water that is associated with some thunderstorms.
germination	The beginning of vegetative growth of a plant from a seed.
water table	the upper level of a saturated formation where the water is at atmospheric pressure
polymers	Plastics made from monomers
waiver	The intentional relinquishment or abandonment of a specific claim, privilege, or right.
eutrophication	the process of nutrient enrichment causing a water body to fill with aquatic plants and algae
dead end	the end of a water main that is not connected to other parts of the distribution system.
cosmic string	a tubelike configuration of energy that is believed to have existed in the early universe
braided stream	A low-gradient, low-volume stream flowing through an intricate network of interlacing shallow channels that repeatedly merge and divide, and are separated from each other by branch islands or channel bars
magnetosphere	a region of a planet's atmosphere that is dominated by the planet's magnetic field so that charged particles are trapped in it.
lease	A contract by which the owner of the mineral rights to a property conveys to another, the exclusive right to explore for and develop minerals on the property, for a specified period of time
latent heat of condensation	The amount of heat energy release to the environment when a gas changes its state to a liquid
maximum unambiguous velocity	The maximum radial velocity that can be detected without velocity aliasing
ip	Intellectual property
pioneer community	Community dominated by pioneer species of plants.
intangible plant	Organization, Franchises and Consents, Patent Rights, Licenses, Privileges, and other intangible property necessary or valuable in the conduct of the utility's operations.
aggradation	Filling in or leveling by deposition.
volcano	Any opening through the crust that has allowed magma to reach the surface, including the deposits immediately surrounding this vent.
exchange notes	to gossip: e.g., The girls are exchanging notes in the kitchen.
demand side resource portfolio	Comprehensive collection of DSM resources, both viable and non-viable, that are available, both currently and in the future to the utility.
subduction zones	Areas where the oceanic lithosphere is sinking into the earth’s mantle.
drilling engine	An internal-combustion engine used to power a drilling rig
frontogenesis	The process in which a front forms
high words	a heated argument
yield point	The stress at which a material exceeds its elastic limit
reflected infrared radiation	Form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 0.7 to 3.0 micrometers (µm).
flush	to open a cold-water tap to clear out all the water which may have been sitting for a long time in the pipes; to force large amounts of water through a system to clean out piping or tubing and storage or process tanks.
hygroscopic nuclei	piece of dust or other particle around which water condenses in the atmophere
cone of depression	A depression of the water table formed around a well when water is pumped out; it is shaped like an inverted cone.
caa	An acronym for Cold Air Advection.
service shutoff	This may refer either to a service stop or to a meter stop used to cut off the supply of gas.
purgeable organics	volatile organic chemicals which can be forced out of the water sample with relative ease through purging.
heating value	The amount of heat produced by the complete combustion of a unit quantity of fuel
service riser	A vertical pipe, either inside or outside a foundation wall, from the grade of the service pipe to the level of the meter.
refraction of waves	The change in the direction of movement of waves which encounter shallow water
pool	1) (noun) An underground reservoir containing or appearing to contain a common accumulation of oil and natural gas
hazard	The danger/risk of erosion and/or flooding.
lower low water	The lower of the two low waters of any tidal day.
iosperm	any flowering plant
saturation exponent	The exponent of the saturation term in Archie's saturation equation
fracture	A break or crack in the bedrock.
hurricane warning	An announcement that hurricane conditions (sustained winds of 74 mph/119 km/h or higher) are expected somewhere within the specified coastal area
flood	an overflow or inundation that comes from a river or other body of water and causes or threatens damage
kilowatt-hour	A unit of energy equal to the work done by one kilowatt acting for one hour
wave crest	The highest point in a wave.
scour	the erosive action of running water in streams, which excavates and carries away material from the bed and banks
straight fixed variable	See RATE DESIGN.
u-factor	The quantity of heat transmitted per hour through one square foot of a building section (wall, roof, window, etc.) for each degree Fahrenheit of temperature difference between the air on the warm side and the air on the cold side of the building section.
flog	1
natural gasoline	Liquid removed from natural gas by absorption or refrigeration and containing hydrocarbons heavier than butane.
fall	Season between summer and winter
adsorption	The extraction from a mixture of gases or liquids of one or more components, by surface adhesion to that material with which the gases or liquids come in contact
prepayment	Payment of mortgage loan, or part of it, before due date
integrated	When applied to an oil company, it indicates a firm that operates in both the upstream and downstream sectors (from exploration through refining and marketing)
digger dialect	Australian soldiers' slang from WWI.
isoseismal map	A map showing the distribution of intensity across a region for a particular earthquake using isoseismal lines to connect points of equal intensity.
palmer drought severity index	An index whereby excesses or deficiencies of precipitation are determined in relation to average climate values
marine	Relating to the sea
amma	Australian Mines & Metals Association
inosilicate	Subclass of the silicate class of minerals
hole	Common term for wellbore
volume imbalance	See IMBALANCE.
wind aloft	The wind speeds and wind directions at various levels in the atmosphere above the area of surface.
city gate price	The unit price charged by a transmission company for natural gas transported via pipeline to a distribution company in a particular city or area.
rotary screen	Sloping rotating metal screen with apertures set at the desired size fraction
ground water	The supply of fresh water found beneath the earth's surface, usually in aquifers, which supply wells and springs
ultramafic rock	An igneous rock consisting dominantly of mafic mineral, containing tiron and magnesium and with much less silicon and aluminum than most crustal rocks
mj	Megajoules
carry the can	bear the responsibility; do the dirty work.
soil piping	The movement and entrainment of soil along an initially small pathway in the soil
runoff potential	The susceptibility for nutrients (particularly P), and bacteria, bound to soil particles to run off the soil surface into waterways.
source region	Area where air masses originate and come to possess their moisture and temperature characteristics.
head	The difference in elevation between the recharge area and the discharge area.
make-up air	See HEATER, MAKE-UP AIR.
relative humidity	A dimensionless ratio, expressed in percent, of the amount of atmospheric moisture present relative to the amount that would be present if the air were saturated
var	Voltage-Ampere-Reactive
migration	The movement of oil, gas or water through porous and permeable rock.
surface pipe	Pipe which is set with cement through the shallow water sands to avoid polluting the water and keep the sand from caving in while drilling a well.
supercritical flow	flow characterized by high velocity and a Froude number greater than 1
barometer	Instrument that measures atmospheric pressure.
lunar interval	The difference in time between the transit of the Moon over the meridian of Greenwich and over a local meridian
specialist species	Species that have a relatively narrow ecological niche
refrigeration ton	12,000 Btu per hour or 200 Btu per minute of heat removal
agl	Above ground level.
baroclinic instability	An instability associated with flows with vertical shear and meridional temperature gradients that grows by conversion of potential energy in the mean flow.
exposures	See SURVIVORS.
asph	Occasional abbreviation for asphaltene.
strategic conservation	Utility-stimulated programs directed at reducing end-use consumption in specific (usually peak) periods.
ocean	An ocean is a vast body of salt water
superior conjunction	a conjunction that occurs when a superior planet passes behind the Sun and is on the opposite side of the Sun from the Earth.
minimum tillage	An alternative to conventional cultivation aimed at minimising disturbance of the soil after spraying with herbicide
distributable income	An amount paid to Unit holders equal to the Royalty Income received by the Trustee during a given period plus interest, less the general and administrative expenses of the Trust, adjusted by any changes in cash reserves.
bedrock	A mining term for the unweathered rock below soil and drift cover.
bore	The inside diameter of a pipe or a drilled hole; or, as a verb, to penetrate or pierce with a rotary tool
observation well	A well drilled solely for the purpose of monitoring a potential or an existing source of contamination.
wellhead protection area	a protected surface and subsurface zone surrounding a well or well field supplying a public water system to keep contaminants from reaching the well water.
water cut	The volume fraction of water in the total volume of liquid produced from a well.
interchangeability	A measure of the degree to which combustion characteristics of one gas are compatible with those of another gas
dirty ditty	lewd and vulgar song.
survey	A map or plat made by a licensed surveyor showing the results of measuring the land with its elevations, improvements, boundaries, and its relationship to surrounding tracts of land
knickers	originally a colloquial contraction of knickerbockers
palynology	Science of reconstructing the past flora and past climate from pollen data obtained from lake and bog sediments
solstice	Dates when the declination of the Sun is at 23.5° North or South of the equator
christmas tree	The assembly of valves, pipes, and fittings used to control the flow of oil and gas from a well.
eolian	Pertaining to or deposited by wind.
lakshmi	In Indian mythology, the goddess of all forms of wealth
sink	A depression in the surface of the earth caused by solution and/or collapse of rock
zero gas governor	See GOVERNOR, ZERO GAS.
asteroid	One of many small rocky bodies orbiting the Sun; a concentration of these bodies makes up the Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter.
multiple use concept	Flexible land use and management that meets society's objectives and achieves sustainable yields whilst maintaining the natural resource.
gas drive	The use of the energy that arises from gas compressed in a reservoir to move crude oil to a well bore
marsh	A type of wetland that is saturated at all times, containing both open water and vegetation
unconformity	Contact between rock layers representing a break or interruption in the desposition process, which creates a gap in the geologic record.
open system	system in which energy and matter are exchanged between the system and its environment, for example, a living organism.
drawbridge	A bridge that can be raised or drawn aside either to prevent access or to permit passage
north magnetic pole	Location in the Northern Hemisphere where the lines of force from Earth's magnetic field are vertical
data request	See DISCOVERY.
kennedy	John F
jet stream	A narrow band of strong winds in the atmosphere that controls the movement of high and low pressure systems and associated fronts
stocks	Widely used in the petroleum industry to designate inventories of crude oil or petroleum products at refineries, bulk terminals and in pipelines.
turbulent flow	The high-velocity flow of fluids in which the fluid elements are heterogeneously mixed and confused, and local velocities and pressures fluctuate irregularly.
demand diversity	The overall variation in the time at which individual demands occur
bed load	the particles in a stream channel that mainly move by bouncing, sliding, or rolling on or near the bottom of the stream.
pipeline	See TRANSMISSION COMPANY, GAS.
open top cylinder	Cylinder has no constricted top cap
tcf	Trillion Standard Cubic Feet.
exploratory well	A hole drilled to find oil or gas in an area previously considered unproductive area or to extend the limit of a known oil or gas reservoir.
scribbly gum moth	Ogmograptis scribula, a moth which lays its eggs between the old and new season's bark of gum-barked eucalypts
isobaric surface	A surface along which the atmospheric pressure is everywhere equal.
reversing current	A tidal current which flows alternately in approximately opposite directions, with periods of slack water at each reversal
climatic limitations	Limitations for the growth of pasture, crop and tree species, such as rainfall, temperature, wind and frost.
sea surface temperature	In oceanography, the temperature of the layer of sea water nearest the atmosphere
chlorine contact chamber	the part of a wastewater treatment plant where treated water is disinfected by chlorine.
flash flood	A flood which follows within a few hours (usually less than 6 hours) of heavy or excessive rainfall, dam or levee failure, or the sudden release of water impounded by an ice jam
net proceeds	The excess of Gross Proceeds received by BROG during a particular period over Production Costs for such period.
air diffuser	An air delivery device or louver so arranged as to promote mixing of the air introduced by it into a room with the room air, without causing objectionable drafts or noise.
population parameter	A value used to represent a certain quantifiable characteristic of a population
halos	Rings or arcs that encircle the sun or moon
chelate	Organic substances that cause the chemical process of chelation.
entrance region	The region upstream from a wind speed maximum in a jet stream (jet max), in which air is approaching (entering) the region of maximum winds, and therefore is accelerating
tectonics	The process that forms planetary features such as continents, mountains, and faults by motion of sections (plates) of the Earth's crust driven by convection currents in the Earth's mantle.
cumuliform	Descriptive of all clouds with vertical development in the form of rising mounds, domes, or towers.
compass	Navigation instrument that uses the Earth's magnetic field to determine direction.
coliform bacteria	non-pathogenic microorganisms used in testing water to indicate the presence of pathogenic bacteria.
usac	Tanker abbreviation for US Atlantic Coast.
alum shale	Variety of shale containing pyrites. In Scandinavia, the Alum shales are found in an organically rich geological formation of Cambrian age (around 500 million years old)
open hole	Uncased hole, or uncased portion of the hole.
cash incentive	An incentive in the form of a rebate or cash payment that is used to induce customers to participate in a DSM program.
symbiotic mutualism	Mutualistic interaction where the species interact physically and their relationship is biologically essential for survival.
ging	type of catapult made by boys to hurl stones; shanghai, sling.
blowing	A descriptor used to amplify observed weather phenomena (dust, sand, snow, and spray) whenever the phenomena are raised to a height of 6 feet or more above the ground and reduces horizontal visibility to less than 7 statue miles.
amortization	The gradual extinguishment (or accumulated provision or reserve therefor) of an amount in an account by pro-rating such amount over a predetermined period, such as
confined aquifer	An aquifer that is bounded above and below by aquitard units; water levels in wells screened in a confined aquifer are higher than the top of the aquifer.
flog the cat	to indulge in self-pity, regret and frustration, often by taking one's anger out on an innocent person
laufenburg	An electricity delivery hub in Switzerland, divided between Laufenburg National and Laufenburg International.
global warming	Warming of the Earth's average global temperature because of an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases
non-arable	Not suitable for ploughing (cultivatable) and hence most suitable for pastoral, forestry or conservation.
cold front	The leading edge of a relatively colder airmass which separates two air masses in which the gradients of temperature and moisture are maximized
fumarolic emission	Low-level and generally steady output of low-temperature gases such as sulfur, halogens, water vapor and carbon dioxide from dormant volcanoes and geothermal fields in volcanic regions.
soil profile material	Soils are assigned to one of 10 ‘soil-profile-material’ classes depending on the presence or absence, within specified depths, of distinctive types of mineral substrates with 100 cm depth (e.g
base load	As applied to gas, a given consumption of gas remaining fairly constant over a period of time, usually not temperature-sensitive.
national balancing point	An imaginary point on the UK Transco pipeline through which all gas is deemed to flow, and about which all gas is balanced
customer costs	The costs directly related to serving the customer, regardless of sales volume such as meter reading, billing, and fixed charges for the minimum investment required to serve a customer.
crude oil equivalent	A measure of energy content in which a quantity of a given fuel or energy form is converted into the quantity of crude oil with equivalent energy content.
stratosphere	An upper portion of a planetary atmosphere, above the troposphere and below the ionosphere, characterized by relatively uniform temperature and horizontal winds.
ml	A measure of the strain energy released by an earthquake within 100 kilometers of its epicenter
limited partnership	A legal entity; when two or more partners conduct business jointly and in which one or more of the individual investor is liable only to the extent that they have invested.
continental borderland	A submarine plateau or irregular area adjacent to a continent , with depths greatly exceeding those on the continental shelf , but not as great as in the deep oceans.
lake	A considerable body of inland water or an expanded part of a river.
casing string	A series of casing rods screwed together.
convective condensation level	It is the height to which a parcel of air, if heated sufficiently from below, will rise adiabatically until it is just saturated (condensation starts)
permeability	a ratio between the volume of the pore space in reservoir rock and the total bulk volume of the rock
kirrae-wurong	(see: Kirrae Whurrong).
gun perforation	A method of creating holes in a well casing downhole by exploding charges to propel steel projectiles through the casing wall
qpf discussion	This forecast discussion is directed completely to explaining manual forecasts of areas in the contiguous 48 states expected to receive 1/4" (6 mm) or more precipitation during a 24-hour period
cross seas	Steep waves with short, sharp wave crests
op	(of school grades) overall position; GPA.
inch of mercury	A pressure unit representing the pressure required to support a column of mercury one inch high at a specified temperature; 2.036 inches of mercury (at 32 degrees F and standard gravity of 32.174 ft/sec2) is equal to a gauge pressure of one pound per square inch.
gild the lily	to spoil beauty or good taste with over-decoration and gaudiness.
hydrograph	a graph showing changes in flow or stage of a stream, river or lake over time.
escrow	A written agreement among parties, requiring that certain property/funds be placed with a third party
waxing	The Moon is said to be waxing in its phase cycle as the amount of light reflected off the lunar surface towards the Earth increases
wetlands	Any number of tidal and nontidal areas characterized by saturated or nearly saturated soils most of the year that form an interface between terrestrial (landbased) and aquatic environments; include freshwater marshes around ponds and channels (rivers and streams), brackish and salt marshes; other common names include swamps and bogs.
tower	Short for towering cumulus.
distilled water	water that has been treated by boiling and condensation to remove solids, inorganics, and some organic chemicals.
transformer	An electrical device for changing the voltage of alternating current.
perspex	a tough, light, transparent acrylic thermoplastic used instead of glass.
cloud-water lightning	Lightning occurring between cloud and water.
member agency	one of 27 member public water providers associated with the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, from which it purchases water and o whose board it is represented
peroxone	a combination of peroxide and ozone used to kill germs in water
demerara sugar	white cane sugar treated with molasses to produce large, slightly sticky, amber-coloured crystals
fetch	The area in which ocean waves are generated by the wind
mean low water	The average height of all low water at a reference station over a 19 year cycle.
system operator	A person or entity who operates the electric system .
groundwater	water within the earth that supplies wells and springs; water in the zone of saturation where all openings in rocks and soil are filled, the upper surface of which forms the water table.
equinox	the two points at which the Sun crosses the celestial equator in its yearly path in the sky
lettuce	paper money.
complex gale/storm	In the National Weather Service High Seas Forecast, an area for which gale/storm force winds are forecast or are occurring, but for which no single center is the principle generator of these winds.
border ice	An ice sheet in the form of a long border attached to the bank or shore.; shore ice.
ground water overdraft	Pumpage of ground water in excess of safe yield.
vorticity	A vector measure of the local rotation in a fluid flow
die insert	A removable, hard-steel, serrated piece that fits into the jaws of the tongs and firmly grips the body of the drill pipe, drill collars, or casing while the tongs are making up or breaking out the pipe.
aquifer	A water-bearing layer of rock or sediment capable of transmitting significant quantities of water.
correlative rights	rights that are coequal or that relate to one another, so that any one owner cannot take more than his share.
critical temperature and pressure	That temperature above which a gas cannot be liquefied by pressure alone
settle gretel	calm down; chill out.
dispersion	See RETIREMENT DISPERSION.
base load plant	A plant normally operated to take all or part of the minimum continuous load of a system, and which consequently produces electricity at an essentially constant rate
bcf	Billion Cubic Feet
oceanic plate	A rigid, independent segment of the lithosphere composed of mainly basalt that floats on the viscous plastic asthenosphere and moves over the surface of the Earth
exchange	The sale or disposition of real estate or personal property (relinquished property) and the acquisition of like-kind qualified use real estate or personal property (replacement property) in a transaction structured as a tax-deferred, like-kind exchange pursuant to Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code and Section 1.1031 of the Treasury Regulations
standby charge	A charge related to STANDBY SALES SERVICE
dew	Water droplets that form upon surfaces on or near the ground when air is cooled toward its dew point.
salts	minerals that cause salinity
board foot	A unit of measure of the wood in lumber, logs, or trees
shipper	Owner of the transportation contract, for whom gas is transported.
allophane	A non-crystalline soil mineral; an oxide of silicon and aluminium with a high water content, variable-charge surfaces, and a very high surface area.
fuel and shrinkage	The difference between the amount of gas produced at the wellhead and the gas that enters a pipeline
technicolour yawn	vomit; the act of vomiting.
rawp	See Regional Aggregates Working Party.
gaia hypothesis	The Gaia hypothesis states that the temperature and composition of the Earth's surface are actively controlled by life on the planet
erosion	The wearing away of the lands surface by running water, wind, ice, or other agents.
toxaphene	chemical that causes adverse health effects in domestic water supplies and is toxic to fresh water and marine aquatic life.
leather	1
polar jet stream	A jet stream that is associated with the polar front in the middle and high latitudes
scarp	A cliff or steep slope of some extent that may form a marked topographic boundary.
permeability	Measurement of the ability of a fluid (natural gas, oil or water) to flow through a rock or other porous material.
solution gas	Natural gas in solution with crude oil under original reservoir conditions, normally produced with the crude oil.
maria	Low areas on the Moon that appear dark and smooth
meteor	A body of matter that enters the Earth's atmosphere from space
barograph	A recording barometer.
derrickman	The person who is second in command of the drilling crew.
tonne	The standard Platts abbreviation is mt
conveyance	Legal term for transferring the title of a property from one party to another, typically by deed.
zone of aeration	a region in the Earth above the water table
temporary voluntary allowance	A price discount instituted voluntarily by a supplier, usually in recognition of competitive factors.
desert rose	(see: Sturt’s desert rose).
old growth forest	Climax forests dominated by late successional species of trees that are hundreds to thousands of years old
galileo	Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) Italian mathematician, astronomer, and physicist
permeability	The capacity of a reservoir rock of coal seam to transmit fluids; how easily fluids can pass through rock.
eur	Euro
automatic adjustment clause	See CLAUSE, ADJUSTMENT.
medium range	In forecasting, (generally) three to seven days in advance.
firm service contract	A type of contracted service where the distributor agrees to provide the buyer with uninterrupted supply of gas
condensate	Liquid hydrocarbon which is usaually in a gas phase at reservoir condition.
hydrostatic design stress	The estimated maximum tensile stress that can act in the wall of the pipe along the circumferential direction due to internal hydrostatic pressure, with a high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe will not occur
burn	The word for streams and rivers used in Scotland and Northeast England.
peak demand	The maximum load during a specified period of time
miners' inch	A rate of discharge through an orifice one inch square under a specific head.
electrodialysis	a process which uses an electrical current and an arrangement of permeable membranes to separate soluble minerals from water
service factor	A factor which is used to reduce a strength value to obtain an engineering design stress
radiation	The transmission of energy by means of electromagnetic waves
perigean tide	Tide of increased range occurring when the moon is near perigee.
static pressure	The force exerted per unit area by a gas or liquid, measured at right angles to the direction of flow, or the pressure when no liquid is flowing.
ovens river	on the slopes of the Mount Hotham Alpine National Park, therefore yielding a high level of runoff, especially during the snowmelt in spring
temperature limiting device	A device which automatically interrupts the gas flow to the burner when the temperature exceeds the limit set.
beta plane	An approximation, useful for the study of equatorial and midlatitude flow, whereby the Coriolis parameter is taken to vary linearly with latitude
latitude	The angular distance north or south from the Earth's equator measured in degrees on the meridian of a point: equator being 0 degrees and the poles 90 degrees North and 90 degrees South.
gross proceeds	The amount received by BROG (or any subsequent owner of the Underlying Properties) from the sale of the production attributable to such interests.
effluent stream	Stream or reach of a stream whose flow is being increased by inflow of ground water
biomass	Total dry organic matter or stored energy content of living organisms that is present at a specific time in a defined unit (community, ecosystem, crop, etc.) of the earth's surface.
solution	Mixture in which the components lose their identity and are uniformly dispersed
mass	Refers to the amount of material found in an object (usually of unit volume).
aseg	Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists
dillybag	a hand-woven, fibrous bag made by some Aboriginal tribes for toting items; worn in the manner of a backpack.
trickling filter	a treatment system in which wastewater is trickled over a bed of stones or other material covered with bacteria that break down the organic waste and produce clean water.
pool height	The height of the water behind a dam
exotic stream	A stream that has a course that begins in a humid climate and end in an arid climate
application fee	The fee that a mortgage lender charges to apply for a mortgage to cover processing costs.
vacuum filtration	The filtration process in which a partial vacuum is applied to increase the rate of filtration by causing the water to be sucked through the filter medium
depreciation reserve ratio	The ratio of the accumulated depreciation to the recorded cost of surviving plant at any given date.
northeast trade winds	See trade winds.
allophane	A non-crystalline soil mineral; an oxide of silicon and aluminium with high water content, variable-charge surfaces, and a very high surface area.
barrier beach	A long and narrow beach of sand and/or gravel that runs parallel to the coastline and is not submerged by the tide.
farmount agreements	An arrangement (technically, a tax partnership) in which the responsibility for exploration and development for a specific work program is shifted (by assignment) from the working interest owner to another party.
estapol	1
acid rain	Cloud or rain droplets containing pollutants, such as oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, to make them acidic.
alluvion	A kind of accretion on riparian land by action of water which deposits sediment
ecoregion	a geographic area over which the macroclimate is sufficiently uniform to permit development of similar ecosystems on sites with similar geophysical properties.
scrag	beat up, especially by wringing the neck of.
interruptible demand	The amount of customer demand that, in accordance with contractual arrangements, can be interrupted by direct control of the system operator, remote tripping, or by action of the customer at the direct request of the system operator.
rate zones	Geographic areas of the Company's operations established to facilitate a design of rates to properly reflect the cost of serving customers in different parts of the company's system.
paleogeographic map	A map showing the surface landforms and coastline of an area at some time in the geologic past.
dna	Deoxyribonucleic acid, a polynucleotide containing the sugar deoxyribose – it contains the information needed by a cell to make proteins.
morphology	The study of structure or form.
farm in	When one company drills wells or performs other activity on another company’s lease in order to earn an interest in or acquire that lease.
current	A flow of electrons in an electrical conductor
triangle	Chart pattern
decomposable waste	waste that under suitable natural conditions can be transformed through biological and chemical processes into compounds that do not impair water quality.
platform-offshore	An above the water reinforced structure with pipe pile legs extending down into the ocean floor to support the above water structures and equipment installed for the measurement of gas, and for the operation of the offshore pipelines.
vicinity	A proximity qualifier used to indicate weather phenomena observed between 5 and 10 statue miles (8 and 16 kilometers) of the usual point of observation, but not at the station.
hot tap	The connection of branch piping to an operating line, and the tapping of the operating line while it is under pressure.
mainshock	The largest earthquake in any series of earthquakes; to be definitively called a "mainshock", it should generally be at least half a magnitude unit larger than the next largest quake in the series
flurries	Light snowfall that generally does not produce a measurable accumulation.
british thermal unit	The quantity of heat necessary to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit from 58.5 to 59.5 degrees Fahrenheit under standard pressure of 30 inches of mercury at or near its point of maximum density
chemosynthesis	Process in which specific autotrophic organisms extract inorganic compounds from their environment and convert them into organic nutrient compounds without the use of sunlight
terminal aerodrome forecast	This NWS aviation product is a concise statement of the expected meteorological conditions at an airport during a specified period (usually 24 hours)
solar altitude	Height of the Sun above the horizon from either True North or True South.
kipper	an Aboriginal male who has been initiated into manhood; the ceremony in which such an initiation takes place.
drilling	The act of boring a hole through which oil or gas may be produced if encountered in commercial quantities.
steady-state mass balance	the mathematical concept that the sum of upstream pollutant loads, each determined by the product of their concentration times flow, equals a resultant downstream load after mixing.
volcanic rock	Igneous rock that cools and solidifies at or very near the Earth's surface
permeameter	A laboratory instrument for determining permeability by measuring the discharge through a sample of the material when a known hydraulic head is applied.
arable use	Suitable for cultivation for cropping and capable of growing at least one of the common annual field crops or more per season, with average yields under good management and without permanently degrading soil conditions.
gullying	small-scale stream erosion
la plata	Archuleta
waterlogged tank	A tank (as in a domestic water well pumping system) in which too much water has accumulated and has replaced some of the air in the tank's air cushion causing a disruption in the normal pressure pattern needed for pumping and uniform water flow.
macrointervebrate	an animal without a backbone, large enough to be seen without magnification and unable to pass through a 0.595 mm mesh.
collar	(1) A coupling device with internal threads used to join two pieces of threaded pipe of the same size.
sublimation	the transition of water directly from the solid state to the gaseous state, without passing through the liquid state; or vice versa
accuracy	Degree of conformity of a measure to a standard or true value.
boiler scale	mineral deposits from water, such as those found inside pipes or teakettles
transport capacity	the capacity of a river to carry sediment in suspension or to move sediment along the riverbed.
convection	The circulating masses of material driven by temperature-induced density differences; material heated at depth rises, spreads laterally, then cools and sinks to depths where it is heated again.
road cut	A location where rock or dirt, usually on a hill, is cut away to make room for a road.
drill bit	The piece of drilling equipment that rotates to break up rock and soil.
carpet grubs	children, especially small babies.
second law of thermodynamics	This law states that heat can never pass spontaneously from a colder to a hotter body
heating degree day	See DEGREE DAY, HEATING.
d&t	Drilling and well test cost.
spot purchase	Short term sale of gas to an end-user, LDC, or pipeline for which the duration varies.
brownout	The partial reduction of electrical voltages caused by customer demand being higher than anticipated or by the failure of the generation, transmission, or distribution system.
plant thermal reduction	The Btu equivalent of the liquid products extracted from the producer's gas plus the portion of plant fuel necessary to extract those liquids, plant flare and other plant losses
basalt	a general term for dark-colored, igneous rocks composed of minerals that are relatively rich in iron and magnesium.
global forecast system	NCEP MRF and AVN forecast models were combined into a single system and renamed the Global Forecast System (GFS)
comparable earnings	See OPPORTUNITY COST.
gas-cap drive	Drive energy supplied naturally (as a reservoir is produced) by the expansion of gas in a cap overlying the oil in the reservoir.
american petroleum institute	A petroleum industry association that sets standards for oil field equipment and operations
flue gas	See GAS, FLUE.
remnant vegetation	any patch of native vegetation around which most or all of the native vegetation has been removed
braided stream	Shallow stream channel that is subdivided into a number of continually shifting smaller channels that are separated by bar deposits.
potential energy	Stored energy
mantle	The shell of the earth between the crust and the core
conventional mortgage	A mortgage loan not insured by HUD (FHA loans) or guaranteed by the Veterans' Administration (VA loans)
syncline	A fold that is convex downward, or that had such an attitude at some stage in its development
polypropylene plastics	Plastics based on polymers made with propylene as essentially the sole monomer.
chlorine demand	the difference between the amount of chlorine added to water, sewage, or industrial wastes and the amount of residual chlorine remaining at the end of a specific contact period
full-cycle exploration	Phase of operations that covers the search for oil or gas by carrying out detailed geological and geophysical surveys followed up (where appropriate) by exploratory drilling.
cash distributions	Money paid by an oil and gas partnership to its partners.
hydrograph	a chart that measures the amount of water flowing past a point as a function of time.
lower low water	(abbreviated LLW)
water table	The top of the zone in which all pore spaces or fissures are totally filled with water.
drifting ice	Pieces of floating ice moving under the action of wind and/ or currents.
flood of record	The highest observed river stage or discharge at a given location during the period of record keeping
log	A record of performance
plasticizer	A material incorporated in a plastic to increase its workability, flexibility or distensibility.
total allowance	See PRE TAX RETURN.
quadrature	a point in the orbit of a superior planet where it appears at right angles to the Sun as seem from Earth.
overdraft	pumping water from a groundwater basin or aquifer in excess of the supply flowing into the basin; results in a depletion or "mining" of the groundwater in the basin.
header	combine (the farm equipment).
irrigability	Ease of irrigation
overcast	An official sky cover classification for aviation weather observations, when the sky is completely covered by an obscuring phenomenon
customer nomination method	A method to allocate a portion of demand cost to customer classes based on those classes' nominated level of service.
busbar	The point at which power is available for transmission
kumara	sweet potato.
open interest	Open interest is the number of open contracts on a given future or options contract
enterprise agreement	a wages-and-conditions agreement struck between an individual company and its workers (though each has to be ratified by the Industrial Relations Commission)
phenolic resin	A synthetic resin produced by the condensation of a phenol with an aldehyde
morphometry	The measurement of shape
protective blocks	Spaced or close planted blocks of trees, creating strong points to control gully head enlargement and the gradient of the longitudinal gully profile.
cardinal points	The four main navigational directions (North, East, South, and West) found on a compass or a map.
height of tide	At any time this is the vertical measurement between the surface of the water and the tidal datum
core	A cylindrical column of rock usually 4 to 6 inches in diameter cut in lengths of about 30 feet by a special drill bit (the operation is like removing the core from an apple)
spray	An ensemble of water droplets torn by the wind from the surface of the of an extensive body of water, generally from crests of waves, and carried a short distance into the air.
light ends	Group of petroleum products with the lowest boiling temperatures, including gasolines and distillate fuels.
lignite	A brownish-black coal of low rank with high inherent moisture and volatile matter (used almost exclusively for electric power generation)
deimos	In Greek mythology, a son of Ares (Mars) who, with brother Phobos, was a constant companion to his father.
surface impoundment	An indented area in the land's surface, such as a pit, pond, or lagoon.
amortization schedule	Provided by mortgage lenders, the schedule shows how over the term of your mortgage the principal portion of the mortgage payment increases and the interest portion of the mortgage payment decreases.
drawdown	The variation in the water level in a well prior to commencement of pumping compared to the water level in the well while pumping
milling	Cutting a “window” in a well’s casing with a tool lowered into the hole on the drillstring.
tectonic plate	One of the large segments of the earth's lithosphere (crust and upper mantle, up to 250km thick) that comprise the earth's outer shell
river gage datum	The arbitrary zero datum elevation which all stage measurements are made from.
homogenous mapping units	At the scale of mapping the inventory factors (rock type, soil, slope erosion severity and type and vegetation cover) are considered homogeneous within the mapping unit.
ffg	An acronym for Flash Flood Guidance.
dust plume	A non-rotating "cloud" of dust raised by straight-line winds
percolation	The movement of water, under hydrostatic pressure, through the interstices of a rock or soil, except the movement through large openings such as caves
load	The amount of gas delivered or required at any specified point or points on a system; load originates primarily at the gas consuming equipment of the customers
fool's errand	useless, fruitless task.
sensible heat	Heat that can be measured by a thermometer and thus sensed by humans.
pastoral holding	pasture land that is either held by lease, or owned by a person or company.
rspb	Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
footwall	Of the two sides of a non-vertical fault, the side below the fault plane
computershare investor services	P.O
inertial instability	An instability of geostrophic (cyclostrophic) motion due to imbalance between pressure gradient and inertial forces for an infinitessimal disturbance that meridionally (radially) displaces fluid
flood	To drive oil from a reservoir into a well by injecting water under pressure into the reservoir formation.
meter cock	See METER STOP.
water table	The upper surface of the zone of saturation.
ice fog	Occurs when the temperature is much below freezing and water vapor condenses directly as ice crystals (sublimation)
residual saturation	saturation level below which fluid drainage will not occur.
t/a	Abbreviation for Turnaround.
blanking	Insertion of a solid metal disc between the companion flanges of a flanged joint.
foreshock	Small earth tremors that occur seconds to weeks before a significant earthquake event.
permeability	The capacity of rock or unconsolidated material to transmit a liquid, which is primarily a function of the sizes of the interconnected pores and the shapes of the openings.
cold front	A transition zone in the atmosphere where an advancing cold air mass displaces a warm air mass.
central north pacific basin	The region north of the Equator between 140°W and the International Dateline
immiscibility	the inability of two or more substances or liquids to readily dissolve into one another, such as soil and water.
infiltration	Movement of water through the soil surface into the soil
prior appropriation	a doctrine of water law that allocates the rights to use water on a first in time, first in right, basis.
chute spillway	the overall structure which allows water to drop rapidly through an open channel without causing erosion
pancake ice	Circular flat pieces of ice with a raised rim; the shape and rim are due to repeated collisions.
ad valorem	Taxes imposed at a percent of a value.
bluff	A high and steep bank or cliff.
production costs	Costs incurred on an accrual basis by BROG in operating the Underlying Properties, including both capital and non-capital costs and including, for example, development drilling, production and processing costs, applicable taxes and operating charges.
eudiometer	An instrument for the volumetric measurement and analysis of gases.
capacity relinquishment	The permanent relinquishment of firm capacity on a pipeline.
law of the minimum	This biological law suggests that organisms are normally limited by only one single physical factor that is in shortest supply relative to demand.
flowing well	A well drilled into a confined aquifer with enough hydraulic pressure for the water to flow to the surface without pumping
coagulation	the process, such as in treatment of drinking water, by which dirt and other suspended particles become chemically "stuck together" so they can be removed from water
oil wet	Pertaining to the preference of a solid to be in contact with an oil phase rather than a water or gas phase
fishing tools	Special instruments equipped with the means for recovering objects lost while drilling the well.
net monthly income	Your take-home pay after taxes
moving average	The mean of prices over a pre-defined period, for instance, the previous five days
point balancing	A process by which the interconnected operators will transfer a quantity greater or less than the confirmed nominations scheduled quantity for various contracts at a point in an attempt to make the total gas received or delivered at the point as close as possible to the scheduled quantity during a specific billing period.
dibbler	Parantechinus apicalis, a tiny, spotted marsupial mouse
neap tide	A minimum tide occurring at the first and third quarters of the moon.
miller cylindrical projection	Map projection that mathematically projects the Earth's surface onto a cylinder that is tangent at the equator
underground storage	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
district court	(in New South Wales, Qld and WA) an intermediate state court between Courts of Petty Sessions and Supreme Courts, presided over by a judge.
prandtl number	Dimensionless number relating the ratio of a fluid's capacity to diffuse momentum to its capacity to diffuse heat
charge	In refrigeration, the quantity of refrigerant in a system; also, to put in the refrigerant charge.
permeability	(1) Ability of a material (generally an earth material) to transmit fluids (water) through its pores when subjected to pressure or a difference in head
septic system	an on-site system designed to treat and dispose of domestic sewage
perched water table	water that occurs underground when a low permeability material, located above the water table, blocks or intercepts the downward flow of water from the land surface
customer imbalance quantity	The cumulative difference between quantities of gas received and quantities of gas delivered for all of a customer's transportation contracts from inception through the most current billing period.
tetrahedron	Silicon atom joined by four oxygen atoms (SiO4)
taylor range	for a time this spur from the D'Aguilar Range carried two names
limnology	scientific study of physical, chemical, and biological conditions in lakes, ponds, and streams.
tornado watch	A forecast issued to the public that a tornado may occur in a specified region.
working interest	Interest in a well which bears the cost of operations.
sinkhole	A closed depression found on land surfaces underlain by limestone.
external cost	cost of production or consumption that must be borne by society; not by the producer.
leak limiter	A device to limit the escape of gas from the vent opening of a regulator in the event of a diaphragm failure, to not more than 1 cubic foot per hour of a gas having a specific gravity of 0.6 at 7 inches water column.
fuel reprocessing	The processing of used nuclear reactor fuel to recover the unused fissionable material.
pressure	A force that is applied uniformly to a surface, measured as force per unit of area.
hanging valley	Where the valley floor of a tributary stream lies or "hangs" above the floor of the main valley
overland flow	a land application technique that cleanses wastewater by allowing it to flow over a sloped surface
flow	Volume of water in a river or stream, passing a specific observation site, during a specific time period
plant acquisition adjustments	Represents the difference between the cost to the utility of plant acquired as operating units or systems by purchase, merger, consolidation, liquidation or otherwise, and the Original Cost (defined herein) of such plant less the amount(s) credited at the time of acquisition to Accumulated Provision for Depreciation and Amortization and Contributions in Aid of Construction.
incentive	In DSM, a cash or non-cash award that is offered to encourage participation in a utility-sponsored DSM program.
mmscf	One million standard cubic feet
indigenous people	(see: Aboriginal people).
.465161	Third Quarter
porosity	A rock is said to be porous if it possesses cavities between the mineral grains making up the rock which can contain liquid.
stratiform snow	Same as for stratiform rain except precipitation is in the form of snow.
saturation zone	The portion below the earth's surface that is saturated with water is called the zone of saturation
flash multiplicity	The number of return strokes in a lightning flash.
china walls	An expression that refers to the complete separation of operations for affiliated companies within a corporation to prevent undue business advantages
structural vulnerability	Untimely cultivation, grazing and forestry operations when soils are wet give rise to a rapid and marked loss of soil structure and a reduction in soil permeability and aeration owing to the compaction, deformation and consolidation of the topsoil and upper subsoil
limb	The outer edge of the apparent disk of a celestial body.
description of the properties	The principal asset of the Trust is a 75% net overriding royalty interest (the Royalty)
natural gas resources	Untapped, underground gas deposits.
water	A compound of oxygen and hydrogen
variant	Soil variants are described where there is a difference in soil properties that is sufficient to justify separation into a new soil
second quarter	28.4800
geomorphology	The study of the external structure, form, and arrangement of rocks in relation to the development of landforms.
land fund	(the...) the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Land Fund.
stack gases	See GAS, FLUE.
give the sword	discard, reject (something) unceremoniously.
pumping lift	distance water must be lifted in a well from the pumping level to the ground surface
local flooding	Flooding conditions over a relatively limited (localized) area.
vom--volt ohmmeter	A device for measuring the voltage or the resistance of an electrical circuit
uplift	An upheaval
alabaster	A fine-grained massive variety of gypsum that may be white, pink, gray, or even black
suspension	Erosional movement of sediment continually held in the transport medium of air, water or ice.
valve	A device that allows water to move in only one direction
bangers and mash	sausages and mashed potatoes, an ever-popular evening meal.
managing general partner	The managing partner of a limited partnership, who is responsible for the operation of the partnership and, ultimately, any debts taken on by the partnership
high	A region of high pressure, marked as a blue "H" on a weather map
radius of influence	The radial distance from a pumping well to the point where there is no drawdown of the water table or piezometric surface
supervisory fee	Similar to a management fee in an oil and gas limited partnership, it is paid by the partnership to the general partner for direct supervision of mechanical operations at the well site.
innings	opportunity or turn at doing something; career, position: e.g., He's had a good innings in politics and now feels it's time to retire.
tatty	shabby; ragged; inferior.
qualification test	An investigation, independent of a procurement action, performed on a product to determine whether or not the product conforms to all requirements of the applicable specification
air stagnation	A meteorological situation in which there is a major buildup of air pollution in the atmosphere
assumption of mortgage	An obligation undertaken by the purchaser of property to be personally liable for payment of an existing mortgage
lunicurrent interval	The interval between the Moon's transit (upper or lower) over the local or Greenwich meridian and a specified phase of the tidal current following the transit
well field	Area containing one or more welds that produces usable amounts of water.
mmcfpd	Million Cubic Feet Per Day
demand	The rate at which gas is delivered to or by a system, part of a system, or a piece of equipment, expressed in cubic feet or therms or multiples thereof, for a designated period of time called the demand interval
acceptance	The expression of the intention of the person receiving an offer (offeree, usually the seller) to be bound by the terms of the offer
digester	in wastewater treatment, a unit in which anaerobic bacterial action is induced and accelerated in order to break down and stabilize organic matter removed from the treatment process.
drainage basin	Hydrologic unit consisting of a part of the surface of the earth covered by a drainage system made up of a surface stream or body of impounded surface water plus all tributaries
watershed	A catchment area for water that is bounded by the height of land and drains to a point on a stream or body of water, a watershed can be wholly contained within another watershed.
meteorite	A solid rocky or metallic object from space that passes through the Earth's atmosphere and lands on its surface
paternoster lakes	A linear series of mountain valley lakes that are formed from glacial erosion
metabolism	Describes all of the enzymatic reactions performed by the cells of an organism.
wetland	Natural land-use type that is covered by salt water or fresh water for some time period
visibility	The greatest distance an observer can see and identify prominent objects.
compatible	A condition wherein components of a piping system and/or different specific materials can be joined together to form satisfactory joints.
grid	A network of elecric power lines and connections.
hit the anchors	(of a car) apply the brakes suddenly.
apogee	The farthest distance between the moon and earth or the earth and sun.
burner tip	An attachment for a burner head which forms a burner port modified for a specific application
drillship	A ship fitted with a drilling derrick that is used to drill in waters that are too deep for jack-up rigs and semi-submersible rigs.
hydraulic model	a computer model of a segment of river used to evaluate hydraulic conditions
nimbostratus clouds	Dark, gray low altitude cloud that produces continuous precipitation in the form of rain or snow
pressure losses	Losses in static or velocity pressure in a piping system due to friction, eddies, leaks, or improper piping design
geothermal energy	Energy from natural "hot spots" in the earth's crust, associated with hot, dry rock or large reservoirs of steam or hot water.
set face against	oppose or resist with determination.
atmospheric pressure	See PRESSURE, ATMOSPHERIC.
lapilli	A fragment of volcanic rock formed when magma is ejected into the air by expanding gases
circulate	To pass from one point throughout a system and back to the starting point
cooperative observer	An individual (or institution) who takes precipitation and temperature observations-and in some cases other observations such as river stage, soil temperature, and evaporation-at or near their home, or place of business
cerberus	In Greek mythology, the three-headed dog that guards the entrance to the underworld.
acknowledgment	A formal declaration made before an authorized official by a person executing a document, that he signs the document by a free act and deed
fractus	Ragged, detached cloud fragments; same as scud.
banksia man	1
blm	Bureau of Land Management
estuarine crocodile	(see: saltwater crocodile).
ocean floor	Flat plain found at the bottom of the ocean
variance	A measure of variability.
orientale	Latin for "Eastern".
ecmwf	An acronym for European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting model
mesa	A flat topped hill that rises sharply above the surrounding landscape
mean sea level	semidiurnal tide
replacing or replacement	When not otherwise indicated in the context, means the construction or installation of plant in place of property retired, together with removal or abandonment of the property retired.
well monitoring	measurement by on-site instruments or laboratory methods of well water quality.
pressure gauge	See GAUGE, PRESSURE.
floc	A cluster of frazil particles.
mmboe	Million Barrels of Oil Equivalent
nucleus	A particle of any nature upon which molecules of water or ice accumulate.
avogadro's law	See LAWS.
porosity	The percentage of pore volume or void space, or that volume within rock that can contain fluids
tectonics	Earth science section dealing to studies of the rocks deformation (folding and faulting) under the strengths generated by lithosphere displacements.
lightning flash	The total luminous phenomenon accompanying a lightning discharge
lentic system	A nonflowing or standing body of fresh water, such as a lake or pond
radioactive waste	Substances, usually produced by the nuclear fuel cycle, that radiate waves and/or particles, but cannot be used in the nuclear fuel cycle
channelization	natural or intentional straightening and/or deepening of streams so water moves faster and causes less flooding. Channelization can sometimes exacerbate flooding in other downstream areas.
acid treatment	A refining process in which unfinished petroleum products such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuels, and lubricating stocks are treated with sulfuric acid to improve color, odor, and other properties.
throughput	Total of transportation volumes and tariff sales; all gas volumes delivered.
datum plane	See chart datum.
free on board	Usually abbreviated to FOB
diurnal inequality	The difference in height of the two high waters or of the two low waters of each day; also the difference in speed between the two flood tidal currents or the two ebb tidal currents of each day
mantle	The portion of the Earth's interior lying below the crust and above the core - it is mostly solid.
watershed	The total area drained by a river and its tributaries
spring	an issue of water from the earth; a natural fountain; a source of a body or reservoir of water.
intrastate	With respect to natural gas companies, the transporting and sale of gas for resale within the boundaries of a state.
water year	The time Period from October 1 through September 30.
basket price	The blanket or average price of crude oil on the world market
scratch along	make a living etc with difficulty.
scout	An individual who observes and reports on competitor’s leasing and drilling activities.
aoa	An acronym for "At or Above".
combined-cycle	The utilization of waste heat from large gas turbines to generate steam for conventional steam turbines, thus
available heat	The amount of energy that is converted into
concession	Agreement entered into with a host country granting the company the right to explore and produce oil and gas in a designated area, in return for paying to the government licence fees and royalties on production
positive-tilt trough	An upper level system which is tilted to the east with increasing latitude (i.e., from southwest to northeast)
narrung narrows	the point of access to Lake Albert, at the eastern entrance to Westernport Bay, Victoria
hanging valley	A secondary valley that enters a main valley at an elevation well above the main valley's floor
undiscovered recoverable resources	Oil or gas resources outside of known fields, estimated from broad geological knowledge and theory.
tide gauge datum	The horizontal plane, defined at a fixed level below a tide gauge benchmark, from which tidal heights are measured at a tide gauge
comparison group	A selected group of customers that do not participate in a DSM program, but otherwise have the same characteristics as the participating group
christmas tree	A surface flow control system that, as a part of the wellhead, contains the master valve, the choke, and other flow control and access valves relative to the production system for that particular well
inverse head and shoulders	A bullish reversal pattern characterized by a low, a lower low, a less low low, and a breakout to the upside.
frictional force	Force acting on wind near the Earth's surface due to frictional roughness
erosion	The wearing away of material such as rock, soil or sand by the forces of water, ice or wind.
kimberley disease	a usually fatal disease of horses in which liver damage occurs (from the Kimberley Range, WA).
magsat satellite	The Magsat is a satellite launched by NASA in 1981 that is used to study magnetic fluctuations in the earth's crust.
trickle irrigation	method in which water drips to the soil from perforated tubes or emitters.
mafic mineral	A dark-colored mineral rich in iron and magnesium, especially a pyroxene, amphibole, or olivine.
eucla	established in 1877 as a manual repeater station for the Overland Telegraph
ceiling	The height of the lowest layer of broken or overcast clouds.
cad	Computer aided design
opisometer	Mechanical device for measuring non-linear distances on maps.
artesian well	a water well drilled into a confined aquifer where enough hydraulic pressure exists for water rise in the well to a height above the top of the aquifer in the subsurface
flowing well	A well in which the static water level is above ground level.
pluvial	pertaining to precipitation.
magnetometer	Am instrument used for measuring a magnetic field's magnitude and direction.
storm surge	A rise above the normal water level along a shore caused by strong onshore winds and/or reduced atmospheric pressure
mutation	Change in the structure of a gene or chromosome.
hoick	1
qpfpfd	NCEP Precipitation Forecast Discussion.
hermannsburg mission station	the most famous of the Aboriginal mission stations, and birthplace of the world-renowned Aboriginal artist, Albert Namitjira
desert sandhill country	is covered with long, parallel sand ridges separated by inter-dune corridors ranging from 25 feet to a half-mile wide
bed stability	occurs when the average elevation of the streambed does not change significantly over time
filtration	passing water through coal, sand and gravel to remove particles
local relief	The vertical difference in elevation between the highest and lowest points of a land surface within a specified horizontal distance or in a limited area.
cat gasoline	A gasoline blending component made in a cat cracker.
interstate water	according to law, interstate waters are defined as (1) rivers, lakes and other waters that flow across or form a part of state or international boundaries; (2) waters of the Great Lakes; (3) coastal waters whose scope has been defined to include ocean waters seaward to the territorial limits and waters along the coastline (including inland streams) influenced by the tide.
spreading center	A linear zone in the earth's crust whose opposite sides are moving away from one another.
well casing	Steel or cement containment that is installed on the inside of the well bore intended to keep gas or oil from seeping out of the wells into the surrounding ground.
gathering system	The pipelines and other infrastructure that move raw gas from the wellhead to processing and transmission facilities.
ephemeral lakes	the frequently dry lakes of the arid and semi-arid zone, such as Lake Eyre, Lake Tyrell and Willandra Lakes
snow pellets	A form of precipitation also known as graupel
kombi	any small, multi-purpose, van-like vehicle.
mineral right	The ownership of the minerals under a given surface with the right to enter thereon, mine, and remove them
cooling tower	See WATER-COOLING TOWER.
avoided cost	The cost to produce or procure electric power that an electricity utility does not incur because it purchases this increment of power from a qualifying facility
chalk	A soft white limestone, composed of the calcium carbonate remains of minute organisms (mostly from planktonic algae).
assimilative capacity	the capacity of a natural body of water to receive and dilute wastewaters or toxic materials without damage to aquatic life or humans who consume the water.
cape	An acronym for Convective Available Potential Energy.
river basin	Drainage area of a river and its tributaries.
nitrification	The biochemical oxidation of ammonium to nitrite and nitrite to nitrate
median streamflow	the rate of discharge of a stream for which there are equal numbers of greater and lesser flow occurrences during a specified period.
biofiltration	The process of passing water through a concentrated colony of microorganisms that feed on contaminants found in the water
order-paper	especially of Parliament, a written or printed order of the day; an agenda.
solar eclipse	a phenomenon that occurs when the Earth passes into the shadow of the Moon
chart datum	tidal day
chill factor	The temperature (at zero wind velocity) which would produce the same chilling effect as a particular combination of temperature and wind velocity
figure 11	LOWER LOW WATER (LLW): The lower of the two low waters of any TIDAL DAY
load	The amount of electricity delivered or required at any specific point or points on a system
surface wave	Type of seismic wave that travels across the Earth's surface
pressure limiting station	Equipment installed for the purpose of preventing the pressure on a pipeline or distribution system from exceeding some maximum pressure as determined by one or more regulating codes by controlling or restricting the flow of gas when abnormal conditions develop
hip-pocket	pertaining to one's money, finances: e.g., The new tax will hit everyone in the hip-pocket.
exploitation	Form of competition where the indirect effects of the two or more species or individuals reduce the supply of the limiting resource or resources needed for survival.
commingling	Producing oil and gas from two or more reservoirs at different depths, or where product of two or more fields is transported via a common pipeline.
subsurface storm flow	The lateral motion of water through the upper layers until it enters a stream channel
compression	The action on a material which decreases its volume as the pressure to which it is subjected increases.
milligrams per liter	a measure of concentration
matter	Is the material (atoms and molecules) that constructs things on the Earth and in the Universe.
division order	A contract with a purchaser of oil and gas which directs the payments of oil and gas revenues to the interest owners of a well.
braided stream	Characterized by successive division and rejoining of streamflow with accompanying islands
noctiphobia	The fear of the night.
ria coast	An extensively carved out coast with conspicuous headlands and deep re-entrants.
transport [lcdb2 classification]	Artificial surfaces such as roads, railroads, airport runways and skid sites associated with forest logging,
visible satellite imagery	This type of satellite imagery uses reflected sunlight (this is actually reflected solar radiation) to see things in the atmosphere and on the Earth's surface
ozone	Tri-atomic oxygen that exists in the Earth's atmosphere as a gas
petroleum	An oil, flammable bituminous liquid that may vary from almost colorless to black, occurs in many places in the upper strata of the earth; is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons with small amounts of other substances, and is prepared for use as gasoline, naphtha, or other products by various refining processes.
tidal marsh	low, flat marshlands traversed by channels and tidal hollows, subject to tidal inundation; normally, the only vegetation present is salt-tolerant bushes and grasses.
primary/secondary	In metals, primary metal refers to metal produced from mined ore, as opposed to secondary metal, which is produced from secondary sources, mainly scrap
epacris	a widespread and common heath, frequently in flower
residuum	Liquid or semi-liquid products obtained as residues from the distillation of petroleum
interconnection agreement	An agreement made between two power utilities to govern the operation of interconnections between their systems
hypersaline	Extremely salty, having much more salt than normal seawater.
appurtenance	Something annexed to another principal thing and which passes as incident to it, for example a right of way or barn passing with a principal property.
test hole	A well drilled to shallow depths for evaluation purposes
backwater curve	The longitudinal profile of the surface of a liquid in a non-uniform flow in an open channel, when the water surface is not parallel to the invert owing to the depth of water having been increased by the interposition of an obstruction such as a dam or weir
delta	fan-shaped area at the mouth of a river (where seas are relatively calm)
casinghead	The top of the first string of casing set in a well
hydrosphere	region that includes all the earth's liquid water, frozen water, floating ice, frozen upper layer of soil, and the small amounts of water vapor in the Earth's atmosphere.
supercharging	A method used to increase the pressure, and thereby the amount of charge per cycle, above that of a normally aspirated internal combustion engine; it permits more fuel to be burned and is a practical means to greater engine power.
descent of property	Hereditary succession
static water level	Static water level is the level at which water stands in a well when the water level is at equilibrium with atmospheric pressures)
dero/derro	a derelict; a socially forsaken person; a homeless vagrant, characterised by slovenly, unkempt appearance and, in many case, alcoholism.
flood current	The movement of a tidal current toward the shore or up a tidal river or estuary
energy audit	A review of a customer's energy usage, often including recommendations to alter the customer's demand or reduce energy usage
transmissivity	The rate at which groundwater can flow through an aquifer section of unit width under a unit hydraulic gradient
max parcel level	This signifies the highest attainable level that a convective updraft can reach; therefore, it is a good indication of how tall a thunderstorm may reach.
oberon	In William Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream, the king of the fairies.
beam loading	The application of a load to a pipe between two points of support.
striations	Grooves of scratches found in surface rock that are the result of glacial abrasion.
polygenetic landform	Landform that shows the influence of two or more major geomorphic processes
mesa	A flat-topped hill with steep sides.
tributary	A smaller branching stream channel that flows into a main stream channel
radionuclide	a radioactive particle, man-made or natural, with a distinct atomic weight number
radon	A toxic gas found in the soil beneath a house that can contribute to cancer and other illnesses.
contribution	In oil and gas limited partnerships: the payment of money, property or services by an investor.
passbook	a book issued by a bank or building society etc to an account-holder recording sums deposited and withdrawn.
rating table	A table of stage values and the corresponding discharge for a river gauging site.
current meter	An instrument for measuring the speed and direction or just the speed of a current
footwalk	(in Aboriginal English) travel on foot.
salt water intrusion	Movement of salty or brackish ground water into wells and into aquifers previously occupied by fresh or less mineralized ground water either through upconing or sea water encroachment.
mcfpd	Thousand Cubic Feet Per Day
river basin	the area drained by a river and its tributaries
spring line village	A settlement established around a spring.
ion exchange	See adsorption.
weathering	The processes by which rocks are broken down by physical, chemical or biological processes in such a way that no movement of solid materials away from the site takes place
kimberley basin	the area is separated from the Pilbara Block by the Phanerozoic Canning Basin
transportation service	The act of moving gas from a receipt point to a delivery point pursuant to a contract between the shipper and the transporter
oxford collar	(rhyming slang) scholar.
case-in-chief	The position of the company, of staff, or of intervenors in a rate or other proceeding prepared in the event of a hearing
adiabatic	A term indicating that no heat is lost or gained by a material being subjected to a thermodynamic process
wave amplitude	The height of a wave from the still water level to the top of the wave crest.
sleeve	A piece of pipe or thimble for covering another pipe or joint or for coupling two lengths of piping.
service stop	The plug-type valve located in the service line between the main and the building; however, it is often used synonymously with the meter stop which is located within the building or immediately before the meter or regulator in outside settings
other property and investments	A group of balance sheet accounts which includes Non-Utility Property, Accumulated Provision for Depreciation and Amortization of Non-Utility Property, Investment in Associated Companies, Other Investments, and the Special Funds Accounts.
valley breeze	Local thermal circulation pattern found in areas of topographic relief
gasification	The process of converting solid or liquid fuel into a gaseous fuel
hydraulic current	A current in a channel caused by a difference in the surface level at the two ends
natural control	A stream gaging control which is natural to the stream channel, in contrast to an artificial control structure by man.
stakeholder	Stakeholders are people who may be affected by a project or who can influence it.
forebay	The water behind (upstream) of the dam.
wilting point	The point at which the rate of water leaving a plant's leaves is greater than the water uptake by the roots
peak day allocation	See DESIGN DAY AVAILABILITY.
decouple	The tendency for the surface wind to become much lighter than wind above it at night when the surface temperature cools.
hub	A market or supply area pooling/delivery where gas supply transaction point occur that serve to facilitate the movement of gas between and among interstate pipelines
allocation-supplies to end-use customers	The amount of gas supply available to the customer in accordance with a given priority during periods of curtailment
stable air	Air with little or no tendency to rise, that is usually accompanied by clear dry weather.
beta particle	Electron emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive isotope
coefficient of expansion	The change in length per unit length or the change in volume per unit volume, per degree change in temperature.
mean solar day	Time it takes to complete one Earth rotation relative to the position of the Sun (for example, from midnight to midnight)
downstream	Downstream refers to all petroleum operations occurring after delivery of crude oil or gas to refinery or fractionation plant.
system type - distribution.	Generally mains, services, and equipment which carry or control the supply of gas from the point of local supply to and including the sales meters
runoff	liquid water that travels over the surface of the Earth, moving downward due to the law of gravity; runoff is one way in which water that falls as precipitation returns to the ocean
equinox	Two days during the year when the declination of the Sun is at the equator
contractor	A company or person contracted to perform construction work for the company
tensile strength	The tensile stress necessary to cause failure in a short-time test
assumption agreement	An undertaking of a debt or obligation primarily resting upon another person.
give a dressing-down	berate, scold, reprimand, rebuke (someone).
in-situ oxidation	technology that oxidizes contaminants dissolved in groundwater, converting them into insoluble compounds.
rate design	The term "rate design" refers to the method of classifying fixed and variable costs between demand and commodity components
delay rentals	The payment made to the lessor for the privilege of continuing the lease without drilling on it
demon	1
beam width	The angular width of the radar beam
csi	An acronym for Conditional Symmetric Instability.
total gross reservoir capacity	The total amount of storage capacity available in a reservoir for all purposes from the streambed to the normal water or normal water or normal pool surface level
stress period	an increment of time in a transient simulation during which aquifer recharges and discharges are held constant.
europa	In Greek mythology, a mistress of Zeus to whom he appeared as a gentle white heifer
iron meteorite	a meteorite which is composed mainly of iron mixed with smaller amounts of nickel.
sedimentation	the process of particles in water settling to the bottom of a tank
turbine	The part of a generating unit usually consisting of a series of curved vanes or blades on a central spindle, which is spun by the force of water, steam or hot gas to drive an electricity generator.
het-up	1
meter manifold	Gas piping between gas service line and meter
sand pack	See filter pack.
head and shoulders above	far superior.
gravity	Is the process where any body of mass found in the universe attracts other bodies with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the distance that separates them
nap	National Allocation Plan: Under the EU ETS, each country must submit a NAP to the European Commission, detailing every installation/plant and its proposed allocation of emissions allowances within the national cap.
snow density	The mass of snow per unit volume which is equal to the water content of the snow divided by its depth.
know chalk from cheese	recognise differences.
frost	a covering of minute ice crystals on a cold surface.
microwave radiation	Form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 0.1 to 100 centimeters.
lap dog	an obsequious, fawning, servile person.
mixed tide	MIXED TIDE: Type of TIDE which the presence of a diurnal wave is conspicious by a large inequality in either the high or LOW WATER heights with two high waters and two low waters usually occurring each TIDAL DAY
service territory	See SERVICE AREA.
ehi	An acronym for Energy Helicity Index
meander	The winding of a stream channel.
terminal moraine	Moraine that marks the maximum advance of a glacier.
cost	The amount of money actually paid for property, material or services
ablation till	A surface deposit of loose permeable somewhat stratified sandy and stony till overlying denser till.
knock-down	an introduction.
system supply	Purchases of natural gas for the purchaser's own system supply requirements (i.e., for resale by the purchaser).
roundtrip	The action of pulling the drill pipe out of the hole and subsequently running the pipe back into the hole to the same depth
pig	Device for cleaning a pipeline or separating two liquids being moved down pipeline
eye wall	It is an organized band of cumuliform clouds that immediately surrounds the center (eye) of a hurricane
exogenic	Refers to a system that is external to the Earth.
fracturing	The application of hydraulic pressure to the reservoir formation to create fractures through which oil or gas may move to the wellbore.
pumping well	A well that does not flow naturally and requires a pump to bring product to the surface.
omega high	A blocking ridge of high pressure that forms in the middle or upper troposphere
backshore slope	Sloping bank landward of the shore
free ground water	Unconfined ground water whose upper boundary is a free water table.
seiche	A seiche is a short-period oscillation occurring in a harbour, bay, or gulf, analogous to the oscillations of water sloshing in a bath
oceanography	The scientific study of phenomena found in the world's oceans.
slip-off slope	Long, low, gentle slope on the inside of a stream meander
ground water runoff	The part of runoff, caused by precipitation and/or snowmelt, that passes into the ground, becomes ground water, and gets discharged into a stream or river as spring or seepage water.
derceto	Philistine fertility goddess.
geophone	The recorder used to indicate arrival of seismic disturbances at a particular location
acceleration clause	A clause in a promissory note, agreement of sale, or mortgage which gives the lender the right to call all sums due and payable in advance of the fixed payment date upon the occurrence of a specified event, such as a sale, default, assignment or further.
mie scattering	Any scattering produced by spherical particles whose diameters are greater than 1/10 the wavelength of the scattered radiation
predominant wind	It is the wind that in the forecasters judgment generates (or is expected to generate) the local component of the significant sea conditions across the forecast area.
gluyas	a drought-resistant Australian variety of wheat.
concentration	the amount of a given chemical or pollutant in a particular volume or weight of air, water, soil, or other medium - often expressed as milligrams per liter (mg/l) or parts per million (ppm).
stream discharge	A river or stream's rate of flow over a particular period of time
poor-boy	To ‘poor-boy’ a well means to try to make do without adequate financing to borrow money, sell interests, make trades, borrow equipment, or otherwise somehow get enough money or credit, to drill the well.
permeability	the capacity or ability of a porous rock, sediment, or soil to allow the movement of water through its pores
working interest	Oil and Gas Working Interests.
diffused solar radiation	Solar radiation received by the Earth's atmosphere or surface that has been modified by atmospheric scattering.
flood plain	The surface of relatively flat land adjacent to a river channel; built of alluvium deposited by that river or stream, which in the absence of flood protection works may still be flooded.
boiling water reactor	A nuclear power reactor cooled and moderated by light water and fuelled by enriched uranium
propagation	The transmission of electromagnetic energy as waves through or along a medium.
t rolls	Slang term for transverse rolls.
karst topography	An area with many sinkholes and a cave system beneath the land surface and usually lacking a surface stream.
fossil	Traces of plants or animals preserved in rock.
dendritic	Term used to describe the stream channel pattern that is completely random
unsaturated zone	the area above the water table where soil pores are not fully saturated, although some water may be present.
api gravity	The gravity (weight per unit of volume) of crude oil expressed in degrees according to an American Petroleum Institute recommended system
load curve	A curve of power versus time showing the level of a load for each time period covered
hydrologic services	A general Term referring to the operations, products, verbal communications, and related forms of support provided by the NWS for the Nation's streams, reservoirs, and other areas affected by surface water.
liquefied petroleum gas	A gas containing certain specific hydrocarbons which are gaseous under normal atmospheric conditions, but can be liquefied under moderate pressure at normal temperatures
lindane	a pesticide that causes adverse health effects when present in domestic water supplies and is toxic to freshwater fish and aquatic life.
right mover	A thunderstorm that moves appreciably to the right relative to the main steering winds and to other nearby thunderstorms
convey	Legal term to transfer the title of a property from one party to another, typically by deed.
seismograph	A device that records natural or manmade vibrations from the earth
cloud layer	An array of clouds whose bases are at approximately the same level.
strain	The ratio of the elongation to the gauge length of the test specimen, that is, the change per unit of original length
bopd	Barrels of oil per day
capital costs	Costs incurred in acquiring capital assets
billion cubic feet.	BROG
limb	The outer edge of a lunar or planetary disk.
saturated zone	The subsurface zone in which all voids are ideally filled with water under pressure greater than atmospheric.
contract	A binding agreement between a buyer and a seller in a transaction.
ferc out	Contract provisions enabling a company to get out of gas purchase contracts based upon regulatory changes that are detrimental to the company.
physical weathering	Breakdown of rock material by mechanical processes, including freeze-thaw, heat-cold, wetting-drying etc.
best practices	Management practices or techniques recognized to be the most effective and practical means to develop the resource, while minimizing adverse environmental and other effects.
ag	See Arab Gulf
delineation well	A well that extends the boundary of a previously discovered pool.
ipa	Indigenous Protected Area.
prescribed burn	Fire applied to wildland fuels, in a definite place for a specific purpose under exacting weather and fuel conditions (the prescription), to achieve a specific objective of resource management.
moving average crossover	The point where a short moving average crosses a longer-moving average
heat joining	Making a pipe joint by heating the mating surfaces of the parts to be joined so that they fuse and become essentially one piece with or without addition of material
seismic moment	A measure of the strength of an earthquake, equal to the product of the force and the moment arm of the double-couple system of forces that produces ground displacements equivalent to that produced by the actual earthquake slip
product	Output from the crusher, the desired size-fraction.
deposition	The settling or coming to rest of transported material.
run pipe	To lower a string of casing into the hole.
licence	Agreement entered into with a host country granting the company the right to explore and produce oil and gas in a designated area, in return for paying to the government licence fees and royalties on production
tasmanian bluey	(see: bluey).
turnkey contract	A contract in which an operator or drilling contractor agrees to furnish all labor and materials necessary to drill a well to a certain depth or stage of completion for a specified sum of money
public offering	An investment offering intended for sale to the general public
nocturnal jet	This wind speed maximum occurs just above the nocturnal inversion at night
insurgence	A sinkhole opening that permits flowing surface water to be captured and transported underground, to later reemerge as a spring (resurgence)
watt	A measure of real power production or usage equal to one Joule per second
cng	Compressed Natural Gas
wall thickness	Specified wall thickness of pipe without adding an allowance to compensate for the underthickness tolerances permitted in approved specifications.
confining unit	See aquiclude and aquitard.
glacier	A large long lasting accumulation of snow and ice that develops on land
piston	Slang term - see "plunger".
tail pipe	Extension pipe screwed into the bottom of a cylinder to increase submergence.
decommission	To remove (as a ship) from service.
puritans	A group of English Protestants of the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries who regarded the Reformation of the Church of England under Elizabeth I as incomplete and sought to simplify and regulate forms of worship.
corrosion fatigue	Reduction of fatigue durability by a corrosive environment.
allowed rate of return	The rate of return that a regulatory commission allows on a rate base in establishing just and reasonable rates for a utility
purchased gas adjustment clause	See CLAUSE, ADJUSTMENT and PURCHASED GAS ADJUSTMENT.
fundamental niche	Describes the total range of environmental conditions that are suitable for a species existence without the effects of interspecific competition and predation from other species.
rockfill dam	An embankment dam of earth or rock in which the material is placed in layers and compacted by using rollers or rolling equipment.
soil porosity	The volume of water that can be held in a soil
intangible drilling costs (idc	All cost incurred in drilling a well other than equipment or leasehold interests
coal liquefication	The conversion of coal into liquid hydrocarbons and related compounds by hydrogenation.
fhlmc/freddie mac	Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation is a publicly chartered agency in 1970 that buys qualifying residential mortgages from lenders, pools them into securities, provides certain guarantees, and then resells the securities on the open market.
limnophobia	The fear of lakes.
apogce	Asia-Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition (Society of Petroleum Engineers)
polygon	A soil mapping unit; a defined area of soil type distinguished on the soil maps by a black line border, coloured fill and identified by soil symbols.
sales for resale	Sales made to a local distribution company, pipeline, or municipality where the gas will be resold by the purchaser.
reactor types	Nuclear reactors may be divided into two main types, fast and thermal
ccs	Technology to separate, capture and store CO2 emitted from major sources
polypropylene	A polymer prepared by the polymerization of propylene as the sole monomer.
turbidity currents	A sediment-laden current that moves rapidly down the surface of a submarine slope.
vapor plumes	flue gases that are visible because they contain water droplets.
conservation area	An area (usually urban) considered worthy of preservation or enhancement because of its special architectural or historic interest
drop pipe	slang term - see "Rising Main".
ogp	International Association of Oil & Gas Producers
automatic meter reading	"Real time" monitoring of natural gas quantities and characteristics as it passes through a specific location.
pea-struck	(see: swainsonine).
stratigraphic unit	A stratum or body of strata recognized as a unit in the classification of the rocks of Earth's crust with respect to any specific rock character, property, or attribute or for any purpose such as description, mapping, and correlation.
concentration	amount of a chemical or pollutant in a particular volume or weight of air, water, soil, or other medium.
split system	Historically, a combination of warm-air heating and radiator heating; the term is also used for other combinations such as hot water-steam, steam-warm air, as well as gas heat-electric cooling.
semi-confined aquifer	A semi-confined (leaky) aquifer is a completely saturated aquifer overlain by a semi-impervious layer and underlain by a impervious layer
dry gas	Gas that contains a negligible amount of water vapor or does not contain dissolved liquid hydrocarbons.
sedimentary environment	A geographically limited area where sediments are preserved; characterized by its landforms, climate, relative energy of water and wind currents, biological activity, and the relative abundance of various chemical substances.
soil horizon	Layer within a soil profile that differs physically, biologically or chemically from layers above and/or below it.
give a facial	disfigure (someone's) face by bashing.
north atlantic current	A continuation of the Gulf Stream , originating at about 40 degrees latitude and 50 degrees longitude, comprising all the easterly and northerly currents of the North Atlantic originating in the region east of the Grand Banks
annular space	the space between two concentric cylindrical objects, one of which surrounds the other, such as the space between the walls of a drilled hole and a casing.
flow restrictor	A device which reduces water flow at faucets or showerheads.
budget-type certification	A budget-type application is an abbreviated, single certificate application filed under Section 7 of the NGA covering a number of minor or routine construction projects expected to be completed during the calendar year or fiscal year of the applicant, where the facilities proposed are to be used for miscellaneous rearrangements not resulting in any change in service or exceeding a specified dollar amount
mudstone	Fine grained sedimentary rock composed of lithified silt and clay particles.
tail block	The last or lowest priced block of energy in a declining block rate structure.
downland	Undulating land; usually an extensive area of gently to strongly rolling land around the margin of a plain.
demand based gic	See GAS INVENTORY CHARGE.
allocation-measurement	The assignment of a total measured quantity of gas at a point to the various contracts active at that point during a specific period of time.
dam failure	Catastrophic event characterized by the sudden, rapid, and uncontrolled release of impounded water.
condensate	Hydrocarbons naturally occurring in the gaseous phase in the reservoir that condense into a liquid at the surface (due to the change in pressure and temperature).
public lands	Any land or land interest owned by the federal government within the 50 states, not including offshore federal lands or lands held in trust for Native American groups.
salvage	The value realized from plant removed or otherwise disposed
dolomite	A type of sedimentary rock similar to limestone but rich in magnesium carbonate
taxonomic classification	Classification of organisms based on structural and physiological connections between other species.
glace cherry	candied cherries.
waterborne disease outbreak	The significant occurrence of acute infectious illness, epidemiologically associated with the ingestion or water from a public water system that is deficient in treatment, as determined by the appropriate local or state agency.
permafrost	Frozen ground that remains solid at or below 0˚C for two or more years
viable	1
commercial service	See CLASS OF SERVICE.
hire care	rental car.
field moisture deficiency	The quantity of water, which would be required to restore the soil moisture to field moisture capacity.
biological oxidation	decomposition of complex organic materials by microorganisms
shrub	A woody plant species that is smaller than a tree
flying gang	a team of railway maintenance workers.
core	The hot central part of the Earth, made of iron and nickel
hoist	1
net capability	The maximum load-carrying ability of a power plant under specified conditions for a given time interval
topography	Generally, the lay-out of the major natural and man-made physical features of the earth's surface
porosity	the ratio of the volume of open spaces or voids to the total volume of a material
derrick or mast	The derrick or mast is the device used to hoist the drilling machinery
instability	A state of atmosphere in which the vertical distribution of temperature allows rising, warm air to continue to rise and accelerate
resonance	One of the natural states of oscillation in a physical system, such as the periodic swing of a pendulum or vibration of a spring
fishing	The act of trying to retreive a tool or pump part dropped down into a well
oil column	The vertical height or thickness of an oil accumulation above the oil-water contact
disaster area	1
fire danger	The result of both constant factors (fuels) and variable factors (primarily weather), which affects the ignition, spread, and difficulty of control of fires and the damage they cause.
control system	A system that is intelligently controlled by the activities of humans
standard port	British term for reference station.
bark petitions	presented to the Commonwealth Parliament in 1963
inj	Abbreviation for injection grade in plastics.
period	Geologic time unit that is shorter than an era but longer than a epoch.
species association	A particular grouping of species in an area.
knock about/around with	associate with; keep company with.
plateau	Any comparatively flat area of great extent or elevation.
stream gage	A site along a stream where the stage (water level) is read either by eye or measured with recording equipment.
dew	moisture in the air that condenses on solid surfaces when the air is saturated with water vapor
snow	precipitation that consists of frozen flakes formed when water vapor accumulates on ice crystals, going directly to the ice phase
national municipal plan	a U.S
endangered species	a species of animal or plant threatened with extinction
feeder cloud	The flanking lines of developing cumulus congestus clouds that sometimes merge with and appear to intensify supercells.
head and shoulders	A reversal pattern characterized by a high, a higher high, a lower high, and a break below the line joining the lows between the highs, the so-called neck-line.
tsek	Thousand Swedish Kronor
limb	as used here, the east or west edge of the Moon when viewed from the direction of Earth
small stream flooding	Flooding of small creeks, streams, or runs.
nitrogen lifting	The injection of nitrogen into the fluid column within the production conduit to initiate fluid flow from the wellbore and production from the reservoir
fca	Free Carrier
potential	Actual or maximum volume of oil and/or gas that a well is capable of producing
fuel switching	Substituting one fuel for another based on price and availability
butadiene	A derivative of crude C4s
turbid	thick or opaque with matter in suspension
hydrogen sulfide	A poisonous, corrosive compound consisting of two atoms of hydrogen and one of sulfur, gaseous in its natural state
back-in-provision	A term used to describe a provision in a farmout agreement whereby the person granting the farmout (the farmor) has the option to exchange a retained override for a share of the working interest.
walking beam	The horizontal steel member of a beam pumping unit that has rocking or reciprocating motion.
gravitational water	Water that moves through soil due to gravitational forces
working interest	Where a company pays a percentage of a survey, drilling or development program and receives a proportional part of the resultant benefits.
kelvin wave	Near a boundary in a rotating system, a Kelvin wave propagates with wave crests perpendicular to the side wall and wave height greatest at the side wall to the right of an observer looking in the direction of wave propagation
soil moisture	Water contained in the upper part of the soil mantle
wellhead	The surface equipment attached at the surface to a cemented casing string, to control (within limits) downhole and reservoir production properties
rangeability	Ratio of maximum operating capacity to minimum operating capacity within a specified tolerance and operating condition.
chelation	Chemical weathering process that involves the extraction or metallic cations from rocks and minerals by chelates.
discharge	the release or extraction of water from an aquifer
graded stream	A stream that has a long profile that is in equilibrium with the general slope of the landscape
turbulence	Disrupted flow in the atmosphere that produces gusts and eddies.
cretaceous	A period of geological time 144 million to 65 million years ago characterised by a relatively warm climate and high sea level, when the seas were populated with now-extinct marine reptiles and the land by dinosaurs.
periglacial	Landforms created by processes associated with intense freeze-thaw action in an area high latitude areas or near an alpine or continental glacier.
eutrophic lake	Lake that has an excessive supply of nutrients, mostly in the form of nitrates and phosphates
aboriginal people	(see: Aboriginal Australian).
independent	The term generally applied to a non-integrated oil company, usually active in only one or two sectors of the industry
dinkum	1
illinoian	Pertaining to the classical third glacial stage of the Pleistocene Epoch in North America, between the Yarmouthian and Sangamonian interglacial stages.
mhw	See
volcanic breccia	A pyroclastic rock in which all fragments are more than 2 millimeters in diameter.
mare	latin word for "sea." Galileo thought the dark featureless areas on the Moon were bodies of water, even though the Moon is essentially devoid of liquid water
state revolving funds	a program, capitalized in part by federal funds, that provides low-interest loans for construction of publicly owned wastewater treatment and water recycling facilities, for implementation of nonpoint source and storm drainage pollution control management programs, and for the development and implementation of estuary conservation and management programs.
ecosphere	See biosphere.
e&p exploration and production.	The "upstream" sector of the oil and gas industry.
peninsula	A strip of land that projects into the sea or a lake from the mainland and is surrounded on three sides by water
postage stamp rates	Flat rates charged for transportation service without regard to distance, as opposed to zone or mileage-based rates.
uniform system of accounts	A list of a company's account numbers and corresponding account titles, together with specific instructions for the use of individual accounts and general instructions as to the basis of accounting
mercury barometer	Type of barometer that measures changes in atmospheric pressure by the height of a column of mercury in a U-shaped tube which has one end sealed and the other end immersed in an open container of mercury
blowing dust	Wind-driven dust that significantly reduces surface visibility to less than 7 miles.
head them	play the game of two-up.
pew	a chair, seat, or place to sit down.
give over!	1
emergency action plan	A predetermined plan of action to be taken to reduce the potential for property damage and loss of life in an area affected by a dam break or excessive spillway.
jetty	a structure (as a pier or mole of wood or stone) extending into a sea, lake, or river to influence the current or tide or to protect a harbor.
dehumidify	To reduce by any process the quantity of water vapor contained in a solid or gas.
old gas subsidy cushion	The difference between the price of gas from regulated, pre-NGPA gas suppliers and the market price of unregulated gas.
depression	An area of low atmospheric pressure characterised by rain and unstable weather.
in-situ vitrification	technology that treats contaminated soil in place at high temperatures, at 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit or more.
sidereal month	the average period of revolution of the moon around the earth in reference to a fixed star, equal to 27 days, 7 hours, 43 minutes in units of mean solar time.
penny-wise and pound-foolish	wise in saving small sums of money only.
tethys	In Greek mythology, a sea goddess.
formation volume factor	The ratio of the volume of gas or liquid with its dissolved gas at reservoir conditions of temperature and pressure to its volume at standard conditions.
recharge	The addition of new water to an aquifer or to the zone of saturation.
mineral	A naturally formed chemical element or compound having a definite chemical composition, an ordered internal arrangement of its atoms, and characteristic crystal form and physical properties.
compressibility	The property of a material which permits it to decrease in volume when subjected to an increase in pressure
train	Process equipment composed of vessels, piping, heat exchangers, etc., required to produce SNG or also the utilization system after customer metering.
spearhead echo	A radar echo associated with a Down burst with a pointed appendage extending toward the direction of the echo motion
steppe	Russian term for mid-latitude grasslands.
coincidence factor	The ratio of the maximum demand of a group, class, or system as a whole to the sum of the individual maximum demands of the several components of the group, class, or system
carbon dioxide	A gas which is a product of combustion resulting when carbon unites with sufficient oxygen to produce complete combustion; a component of many natural gases.
chemical weathering	attack and dissolving of parent rock by exposure to rainwater, surface water, oxygen, and other gases in the atmosphere, and compounds secreted by organisms
place	A term used in geography that describes the factors that make the location of natural and human-made phenomena unique.
flash a brown-eye	expose one's bare backside, anus, briefly and unexpectedly as a form of protest or insult.
pastoralism	a way of life characterised by keeping herds of animals, common in climates or regions not suitable for agriculture.
gabbro	A dark, coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock
magnetosphere	Zone that surrounds the Earth that is influenced by the Earth's magnetic field.
rigging up	Act of getting a rig assembled and ready to start drilling
intergeneration	In ratemaking intergeneration refers to costs that are incurred by more than one generation of rate payers (e.g., depreciation)
load water	Water used to prime a well after acidizing.
base surge	a cloud of gas and suspended debris that moves radially outward across the surface at high velocity; may result from a violent volcanic explosion or from the explosion caused by a body traveling at high velocity when it impacts on the surface of a planetary body.
radiational cooling	The cooling of the Earth's surface
fungi resistance	The ability of plastic pipe to withstand fungi growth and/or their metabolic products under normal conditions of service or laboratory tests simulating such conditions.
lifting costs	The cost involved in lifting (pumping) oil from a producing reservoir in a well, up to the surface, including the lease operating cost.
pure volumetric	See VOLUMETRIC RATES.
eye	Area in the center of a hurricane that is devoid of clouds.
hydraulic control	a feature in a stream (such as a constriction or a weir) that controls the upstream water surface elevation.
riparian	Relating to or living or located on the bank of a natural watercourse (as a river) or sometimes of a lake or a tidewater.
hestia	In Greek mythology, one of the twelve Olympian gods
gasoline	Volatile motor fuel used in cars
terminal fall velocity	Velocity at which a particle being transported by wind or water falls out of the moving medium
cogeneration	The combined production of electrical or mechanical energy and usable heat energy.
observed-life table	A table of plant experience relating (1) survivors exposed to retirement at the beginning of each age interval to (2) the actual retirements during each interval
barrage	Any artificial obstruction placed in water to increase water level or divert it
fossil dismantlement	The dismantlement and disposal of all buildings, structures, equipment, tanks and stacks at the site and restoration of the site to a usable condition.
ginger up	rouse or enliven.
form	1
astronomical unit	This is the distance from the Sun to the Earth; approximately 93 million miles.
tax lurk	a scheme of tax avoidance.
scunge	1
trophic structure	the feeding relationships among species within a food web.
physical delivery	The transfer of ownership of an underlying commodity between a buyer and seller to settle a futures contract following expiry.
open scrub	has a tallest stratum of shrubs taller than 2m, with their projective foliage covering from 30 per cent to 70 per cent of the ground.
settlement island	(see: Sarah Island).
perihelion	The point in the path of a planet, asteroid, comet, or other body that is closest to the sun.
shut-in royalties	Amounts paid to lessors as compensation for loss of income from non-production of producible reserves.
prem	Abbreviation for Premium.
ethane	A colorless hydrocarbon gas of slight odor having a gross heating value of 1,773 Btu per cubic foot and a specific gravity of 1.0488
brine	Water that has a quantity of salt, especially sodium chloride, dissolved in it; salt water.
chondrule	small, glassy spheres commonly found in meteorites.
$.461915	Second Quarter
fill	[sed] Any sediment deposited by an agent so as to fill or partly fill a valley, a sink or other depression.
secondary recovery	The introduction of water or gas into a well to supplement the natural reservoir drive and force additional oil to the producing wells.
probable hydrocarbon reserves	Probable hydrocarbon reserves may reasonably be assumed to exist because of geophysical or geological evidence.
thermodynamic equilibrium	This type of equilibrium describes a condition in a system where the distribution of mass and energy moves towards maximum entropy.
critical rainfall probability	The Probability that the actual precipitation during a rainfall event has exceeded or will exceed the flash flood guidance value.
rotten ice	Ice in an advanced stage of disintegration.
no-till	An alternative to conventional cultivation aimed at minimising disturbance of the soil
heavy snow discussion	This message discusses the potential for heavy snowfall in the contiguous United States
forward haul	A transaction that results in the transportation of gas in the same direction of the aggregate physical flow of gas in the pipeline
kelvin-helmholtz instability	Also called "shear instability"
desorption	The process of detaching methane adsorbed onto coal by de-pressuring the coal seam through dewatering and other methods.
thermal generation	Energy conversion in which fuel is consumed to generate heat, which is then converted to electrical energy
tornado	A violently rotating column of air in contact with the ground and extending from the base of a thunderstorm
king's canyon	a sandstone canyon with walls rising over 270m above the valley of King's Creek (named by Ernest Giles in 1872)
exchange gas	Gas that is received from (or delivered to) another party in exchange for gas delivered to (or received from) such other party.
plug	Solidified lava that fills the conduit of a volcano
gj	Gigajoule
effluent limitation	restrictions established by a a regulating agency such as a State or the EPA in an NPDES permit on quantities, rates, and concentrations in wastewater discharges.
tiered rates	A rate design which divides customer use into different tiers, or blocks, with different prices charged for each.
letters patent	an open document from a sovereign or government conferring a patent or other right.
offshore drilling	Drilling for oil in an ocean or large lake
weather	The conditions resulting from a combination of all atmospheric processes operating at one time in any one place.
field uses	Generally refers to any use of gas (or oil) within a field for the purpose of producing or treating the gas recovered or any associated oil produced
aquiclude	A geological stratum or formation that may be capable of storing water but is unable to transmit it in significant amounts.
hither and dither/thither	this way and that; everywhere; all over the place in a confused manner.
m3	Cubic metre
enceladus	In Greek and Roman mythology, a giant, son of Titan and Gaea
hobbyhorse	1
fracturing	A procedure undertaken to attempt to increase the flow of oil or gas from a well
gene frequency	Frequency of alleles at an individual or population level.
neap tide	neap tide
deepwater port	An offshore marine terminal designed to accommodate large vessels such as VLCCs and tankers, connected to the shore by submerged pipelines.
pipeline	A tube or system of tubes used for the transportation of oil or gas.
chart datum	Chart datum is the low water plane, below which depths on a nautical chart are measured and above which tidal levels are sometimes measured.
hire purchase	a system by which a person may purchase a thing by regular payments while having the use of it; rent-to-own.
atla	In Norse mythology, a giantess, mother of Heimdall.
triton	In Greek mythology, merman, half-man, half-fish
shoaling	Said of an ocean or lake bottom that becomes progressively shallower as a shoreline is approached
instability	Atmospheric condition where a parcel of air is warmer that the surrounding air in the immediate environment
sleet	precipitation that consists of clear pellets of ice; sleet is formed when raindrops fall through a layer of cold air and freeze
dillpot	1
ground water	Water within the earth that supplies wells and springs; water in the zone of saturation where all openings in rocks and soil are filled, the upper surface of which forms the water table
ring dike	A dike in the form of a segment of a cone or cylinder, having an arcuare outcrop.
semiarid	Said of a type of climate in which there is slightly more precipitation (10-20 inches [254-508 mm]) than in an arid climate, and in which sparse grasses are the characteristic vegetation.
pendant echo	Radar signature generally similar to a hook echo, except that the "hook" shape is not as well defined.
swab	A hollow rubber cylinder with a flap (check valve) on the bottom surface
tornado alley	Region in North America which receives a extraordinary high number of tornadoes
mixed tide	Type of tide with a large inequality in the high and/or low water heights, with two high waters and two low waters usually occurring each tidal day
nucleus	The frozen core of a comet which contains almost the entire cometary mass and is located in the comet's head.
stepped leader	A leader which initiates the very first stroke and establishes the channel for all subsequent streamers of a lightning discharge.
discount	An amount agreed between buyer and seller to be subtracted from an existing benchmark.
flying officer	the Air Force rank next below flight lieutenant.
backscattering	Portion of solar radiation directed back into space as a result of particle scattering in the atmosphere.
peat	Partly decomposed plant remains in a water-saturated environment, such as a bog.
variance	Government authorization to use or develop a property in a manner which is not permitted by the applicable zoning regulations.
salamander	See HEATER, CONSTRUCTION.
volcanic island arcs	When either oceanic crust subducts under oceanic crust (oceanic arc) or continental crust subducts under continental crust (continental arc).
dry deposition	The transport of gases and minute liquid and solid particles from the atmosphere to the ground surface without the aid of precipitation or fog
unitization	Joint operation of several leases, usually for economic or conservation reasons
cloud streets	Rows of cumulus or cumulus-type clouds aligned parallel to the low-level flow
lake	an inland body of water, usually fresh water, formed by glaciers, river drainage etc
calcium sulphate	A chemical combination of calcium, sulphur, and oxygen
beach erosion	The carrying away of beach materials by wave action, currents, tides, or wind.
flag	A price chart pattern that looks like a flag-pole with a rectangular 'flag' hanging off it
seepage	Failure that occurs through essentially microscopic breaks in the pipewall, frequently only at or near the test pressure.
arachnoid	Spider or cobweblike feature on the surface of Venus, typically having a diameter of about 100-km and a central volcanic structure surrounded by a complex network of lineaments.
ntu	nephlometric turbidity units.
tufa	see travertine.
pier	A platform extending from the shore over water and supported by piles or pillars
subduction zone	A zone in the Earth's crust and mantle, where one tectonic plate is being pulled down beneath another, less dense, one.
water year	Measured water flow during a 12-month period starting October 1st and continuing to September 30th of the following year.
diameter	The distance across a circle through its centre
r&d	Research and development.
high church	a section of the Anglican Church emphasising ritual, priestly authority and sacraments.
hail	a form of precipitation which forms into balls or lumps of ice over 0.2 inch in diameter
meteorite	A metallic or stony body that has fallen on Earth or the Moon from outer space.
wind vane	An instrument that determines the direction from which a wind is blowing.
surge	Water transported up a beach by breaking waves.
dry gas	Contains low amounts of condensable compounds making it more "pipeline ready." Gas is considered to be "dry" when it is composed of almost entirely methane.
current velocity	the velocity of water flow in a stream, measured in units of length per unit of time, such as feet per second (fps).
turnaround	The closure of a refinery for a period of time for maintenance purposes.
carbon black	Almost pure amorphous carbon consisting of extremely fine particles, usually produced from gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons by controlled combustion with a restricted air supply or by thermal decomposition.
prevailing wind	A wind that consistently blows from one direction more than from any other.
inserts	Plastic, copper, etc., tubing inserted into a run of existing pipe, thereby eliminating the need for a new trench.
landowner royalty	The share of the gross production of the oil and gas on a property without deducting any of the cost of producing the oil or gas
steam fog	See evaporation fog.
cream skimming	Installing only the lowest cost or easy-to- install DSM measures while ignoring other cost-effective opportunities.
adiabatic process	The change of temperature of air without transferring heat
field price	The price paid for natural gas at the wellhead or outlet of a central gathering point in a field.
cup leathers	Seals used to create suction and pull water up the rising main when the plunger is moved up
spacing unit	The surface area size of a parcel of land on which only one producing well is permitted to be drilled to a specific reservoir
kiwi	a New Zealander or pertaining to New Zealand.
montreal protocol	Treaty signed in 1987 by 24 nations to cut the emissions of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere
epicenter	Surface location of an earthquake's focus.
re-entrants	A prominent indentation in an escarpment, ridge or shoreline.
frontal fog	Is a type of fog that is associated with weather fronts, particularly warm fronts
peel river	site of the Tamworth settlement, which grew out of a land grant to the Australian Agricultural Company (AA Co) made in 1834
flow	A current of stream of fluid or gas.
heath rat	Pseudomys shortridgei, was thought to be extinct in Western Australia until the 1980s, when its presence was first indicated by bone remains in a disused owl nest and a tooth in a fresh owl scat, and finally live in traps in Fitzgerald River National Park.
maritime effect	The effect that large ocean bodies have on the climate of locations or regions
kureinji	a tribe occupying the mid-Murray River area in New South Wales; the traditional owners of that land, and their language.
aquifer	a geologic formation that holds and yields usable amounts of water
tornado warning	A warning issued to the public that a tornado has been observed by an individual in a specified region
mass balance	The relative balance between the input and output of material within a system.
op's	(other people's) cigarettes—the type one smokes when one does not buy one's own.
figure 13	HEAVE: (1) The vertical rise or fall of the WAVES or the SEA
densitometer	An instrument used to determine the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a given substance (as water or hydrogen) taken as a standard, when both densities are obtained by weighing in air.
meteor	a small particle of rock or dust that burns away in the Earth's atmosphere
weather bomb	A low pressure system which rapidly deepens causing barometric pressure to drop by at least 25 hPa in a 24 hour period
tropic of cancer	Latitude of 23.5° North
phytoplankton	free-floating, mostly microscopic aquatic plants.
plankton	microscopic floating plant and animal organisms of lakes, rivers, and oceans.
puddle	a small pool of water, usually a few inches in depth and from several inches to several feet in its greatest dimension.
paraffinic naphtha	Favored quality of naphtha for ethylene plant feedstock.
altocumulus	These clouds are composed of mainly water
cloudy	When the predominant/average sky condition is covered completely by opaque (not transparent) clouds
tear-arse	1
directory of important wetlands	a database that identifies Australia's nationally important wetlands, and provides information about the wetland types and the flora and fauna that are dependent on these ecosystems
end-use metering	The direct measuring of consumption by specific end-use appliances, typically as part of load research studies or to measure the impacts of DSM programs.
blendstock	A component combined with other materials to produce a finished refined product.
standard time	A kind of time based upon the transit of the Sun over a certain specified meridian, called the time meridian, and adopted for use over a considerable area
mesotrophic	reservoirs and lakes that contain moderate quantities of nutrients and are moderately productive in terms of aquatic animal and plant life.
contract carrier	A transporter that voluntarily provides its services on a contractual basis for other parties.
seppo/septic/septic tank	(rhyming slang) Yank; an American person.
tilt sequence	Radar term indicating that the radar antenna is scanning through a series of antenna elevations in order to obtain a volume scan.
star	A self-luminous sphere of gas.
surf zone	INTERTIDAL: The zone between the HIGH and LOW WATER marks.
end-use	The actual purpose for which gas is used by the ultimate consumer to whom it is delivered.
catalytic cracking	A petroleum refining process for breaking down heavy molecules in reduced crudes or other feedstocks
flyscreen	a mesh screen held taut by a frame, for use over a window or door, to permit ventilation but prohibit the entry of flies; window screen, door screen.
gravitational lens	a concentration of matter such as a galaxy or cluster of galaxies that bends light rays from a background object
head station	(see: home station).
operator	The operator is the project owner for hydrocarbon exploration and then exploitation.
quarry waste	Waste is any material which the holder discards, or intends, or is required to discard
depletion	The reduction in value of mineral deposits as it is produced
differential	The difference between two prices
classic supercell	See supercell.
water processing	SEE water conditioning.
seep	a spot where water contained in the ground oozes slowly to the surface and often forms a pool; a small spring.
generalist species	Species that can survive and tolerate a broad range of environmental conditions.
dwt	Deadweight tonnage
glide clip	paper clip.
fluke	to do, gain or win by chance: e.g., I fluked a win in the lottery.
pasho session	intimate behaviour: e.g., Mum caught them having a pasho session when she came home earlier than expected.
cp	See contract price.
isotope	Form of an element where the number of neutrons in its atomic nucleus is different than the number of protons.
flea-house	the cinema, movie house.
outburst flood	See Jokulhlaup.
short-term power	Power and associated energy that one utility purchases from another for the purpose of obtaining a supply of power intended to be available at all times during a period covered by the commitment.
sedimentary cycle	biogeochemical cycle in which materials primarily are moved from land to sea and back again.
nonsymbiotic mutualism	Mutualistic interaction where the mutualists live independent lives yet cannot survive without each other
nautical mile	A unit of distance used in marine navigation and marine forecasts
divide	a ridge or high area of land that separates one drainage basin from another
exterior zones	The portions of a building, with significant amounts of exterior walls, windows, roofs, or exposed floors
mermaid	a fabled marine creature usually represented as having the head, trunk, and arms of a woman and a lower part like the tail of a fish.
sedimentation	a large scale water treatment process where heavy solids settle out to the bottom of the treatment tank after flocculation.
minor flooding	A general term indicating minimal or no property damage but possibly some public inconvenience.
balancing	The requirement imposed by electricity grids or natural gas pipelines that supply and demand be equal over a certain time period
ginger-beer	1
snow melt	Conversion of snow into runoff and groundwater flow with the onset of warmer temperatures.
pj/a	Petajoules per annum
pressure couplet	It is an area where you have a high pressure area located adjacent to a low pressure area.
depletion	As applied to natural gas producing land and land rights, means the loss in value incurred in connection with the exhaustion of a natural resource.
monitoring well	a well used to obtain water quality samples or measure groundwater levels.
mechanical rig	A drilling rig whose source of power is one or more internal combustion engines.
riparian zone	a stream and all the vegetation on its banks.
capacity	The amount of capacity available for purchase from other power systems.
subsidence	Lowering or sinking of the Earth's surface.
sewage	The waste and wastewater produced by residential and commercial sources and discharged into sewers.
sales agreement	An agreement between a purchaser/buyer and seller (e.g., producer, marketer, pipeline, LDC) which defines the terms and conditions of a purchase/sale and title transfer of gas quantities.
plow wind	A term used in the midwestern United States to describe strong, straight-line winds associated with the downdrafts spreading out in advance of squall lines and thunderstorms
national hurricane center	This center maintains a continuous watch on tropical cyclones over the Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and the Eastern Pacific from 15 May through November 30
human-land tradition	Academic tradition in modern Geography that investigates human interactions with the environment.
iceberg	A mass of ice found floating in the ocean or a lake
breakpoint chlorination	addition of chlorine to the point where all organic matter and ammonia compounds have been destroyed and any additional chlorine becomes a free chlorine residual available for disinfection.
butane	A low-boiling paraffin hydrocarbon generally stored and delivered in liquefied form and used as a fuel in gaseous form, obtained by processing natural gas as produced and also from a process in petroleum refining
erodibility of soil material	A measure of the likelihood of soil particles detaching from the soil surface as water flows over it
mixer	The combination of mixer head, mixer throat, and mixer tube
network	A system of transmission or distribution lines so cross-connected and operated as to permit multiple supply to any principal point on it.
equity	Equity refers to the considerations of fairness or justice in the setting of rates - fairness between investors and consumers when the general level of rates is at issue, and the fairness among different classes of consumers when the rate relationships are under inquiry
mean lower low water	(abbreviated MLLW)
shield	A large stable area of exposed very old (more than 600 million years) igneous and metamorphic rock found on continents
tubing	Small diameter pipe, threaded at both ends, that is lowered into a completed well
deposition nuclei	Six-sided microscopic particle that allows for deposition of water as ice crystals in the atmosphere
topsoil	A general term for the upper part of a soil; usually the A horizons.
petrol station	gas station.
greek column	An upright pillar on a building
receipt point	Point at which transportation (movement) begins pursuant to the transportation contract
armored chondrule	A chondrule with is covered on its surface by a layer of nickel iron
ell or elbow	A pipe fitting that makes an angle in a piperun
phase	the apparent change in shape of the Moon and inferior planets as seen from Earth as they move in their orbits.
specific conductance	a measure of the ability of a water to conduct an electrical current
rig	Machine used to drill a wellbore.
sales/transportation service	Under traditional sales service agreements, transmission and distribution companies purchase gas from suppliers, transport the gas to customers and sell it to them
chemical reaction	Reaction between chemicals where there is a change in the chemical composition of the elements or compounds concerned.
pulse storm	A thunderstorm within which a brief period (pulse) of strong updraft occurs, during and immediately after which the storm produces a short episode of severe weather
hide	impudence; cheek; gall; effrontery: e.g., He's got a hide saying that to me!
load density	The concentration of gas load for a given area expressed as gas volume per unit of time and per unit of area.
standard deviation	A statistical measure of the dispersion of observation values in a data set
gnat's cock	very small measure of something.
coliform bacteria	A group of nonpathogenic organisms (Colon bacilli) usually found in the digestive tract of all warm-blooded animals and humans
lap	Term usually applied to an interval in the cased hole (of an oil or gas well) where the top of a liner overlaps the bottom of a string of casing.
angle	A measure of rotation about a point, generally used in surveys to show the relationship of one line to another.
gradient	The time rate or spatial rate of change of an atmospheric property.
indicator	a device or substance used to show the presence of another substance
temperate rain forest	An ecosystem that is dominated by large and very tall evergreen trees
normal test pressures	Those pressures specified for testing purposes at which adjustment of burner ratings and primary adjustments are made.
glass can	a stubby—squat glass bottle for beer.
diggers' rebellion	(see: Eureka Rebellion).
food chain	Movement of energy through the trophic levels of organisms
load research	The systematic gathering, recording, and analyzing of data describing customers' patterns of energy usage.
wildfire	Any free burning uncontainable wildland fire not prescribed for the area which consumes the natural fuels and spreads in response to its environment.
superseding rate schedule	A contract submitted as a rate schedule to replace an existing rate schedule
secondary energy	Electric power, city gas, coke, etc., which are acquired by converting and processing primary energy sources, are referred to as secondary energy.
radar coded message	This is an alphanumeric coded message which will be used in preparation of a national radar summary chart
contaminant plume	Contaminants which encroach into a ground water system are moved down gradient
consumer	one who consumes or uses economic goods or services
market	A context in which goods are bought and sold, not necessarily confined to a particular geographic location.
rhea	In Greek mythology, mother of Zeus and wife of Cronos the Titan .
real estate professional	An individual who provides services in buying and selling homes
suspended load	specific sediment particles maintained in the water column by turbulence and carried with the flow of water.
ecosystem	An ecosystem is a system where populations of species group together into communities and interact with each other and the abiotic environment.
gift of the gab	the talent of being able to make people listen to, believe what one says; glib speech: e.g., Most successful salesmen have the gift of the gab.
pulse severe thunderstorms	These are single cell thunderstorms which produce brief periods of severe weather (1" hail, wind gusts in excess of 58 miles an hour, or a tornado).
deposition	The laying down of sediment such as sand, soil, clay, or gravel by wind or water
family of services	Since 1983, the National Weather Service (NWS) has provided external user access to U.S
feed points	Connections between gas feeder lines and distribution networks.
tornado warning	This is issued when a tornado is indicated by the WSR-88D radar or sighted by spotters; therefore, people in the affected area should seek safe shelter immediately
satellite	A body that orbits around a larger body.
east greenland current	An ocean current flowing south along the east coast of Greenland, carrying water of low salinity and low temperature
depreciable plant	Usually tangible plant in service which is subject to depreciation, depletion, or amortization.
bottomhole	the lowermost portion of the well.
ignition temperature	The temperature at which a substance, such as gas, will ignite and continue burning with adequate air supply.
telegraph punches	give prior warning of (one's) intentions, especially to an opponent.
diesel index	A measure of the ignition quality of a given diesel fuel, equal to the product of its aniline point (in Fahrenheit degrees) and its API gravity, divided by 100
hydraulically connected	A condition in which ground water moves easily between aquifers that are in direct contact
os	overseas.
high wind watch	This product is issued by local National Weather Service Forecast Offices when there is the potential of high wind speeds developing that may pose a hazard or is life threatening.
substation	A location where observations are taken or other services are furnished by people not located at NWS offices who do not need to be certified to take observations.
flying picket	an industrial picket that can be moved rapidly from one site to another, especially to reinforce local pickets.
allowable	The maximum amount of oil or gas a well or field is permitted to produce per day
combined sewer	a sewer system that carries both sanitary sewage and stormwater runoff
j&r	Just and Reasonable as in J&R rates
pre-approval letter	A letter from a mortgage lender indicating that you qualify for a mortgage of a specific amount
ice age	A period of geological time characterised by a long-term reduction in the temperature of the earth's surface and atmosphere, resulting in the presence or expansion of continental ice sheets, polar ice sheets and alpine glaciers
hydrostatic pressure	Pressure exerted by water at any given point in a body of water at rest.
liquid	a state of matter, neither gas nor solid, that flows and takes the shape of its container.
oil fogging	Spraying a fine mist of oil into a gas stream of a distribution system to avoid the drying effects of gas in certain distribution and utilization equipment.
finite volume	a method of solving the governing equations of a numerical model by dividing the spatial domain into a mesh of nodes and corresponding volumes around each node
climatology	Scientific study of the Earth's climate over long time spans (greater than several days)
hibernia reef	situated 42km north-east of Ashmore Reef and 62km north-west of Cartier Island, Hibernia Reef consists of an approximately oval-shaped reef that tapers to a point on the western side
anvil rollover	Slang for a circular or semicircular lip of clouds along the underside of the upwind part of a back-sheared anvil, indicating rapid expansion of the anvil
primary crusher	The primary crusher is the initial crushing operation on run of mine rock to reduce its size for further processing
carbonate	A compound containing the radical CO3+2 or rock composed of carbonate minerals
fly-tip	illegally dump (waste).
sinusoidal equal-area projection	Map projection that represents areas in their true form on a two-dimensional map
flooded ice	Ice which has been flooded by melt water or river water and is heavily loaded by water and wet snow.
abstract	A history of the ownership of a property, showing transfers in ownership and factors affecting ownership, such as mortgages.
lemon squash	(rhyming slang) wash.
perched water table	A separate continuous body of ground water lying (perched) above the main water table
cliff effect	The dramatic alteration in direction of an onshore wind by a cliff face
time lag	The time necessary for a fuel particle to lose approximately 63 percent of the difference between its initial moisture content and its equilibrium moisture content.
soil erosion	Transport of soil mineral particles and organic matter by wind, flowing water, or both
knacker	(Brit.) 1
dehydrator	Equipment used to remove water from the natural gas.
nephelometric	method of measuring turbidity in a water sample by passing light through the sample and measuring the amount of light deflected.
arid	An adjunctive applied to regions where precipitation is so deficient in quantity, or occurs at such times, that agriculture is impracticable without irrigation.
water-table aquifer	See unconfined aquifer.
hydrodesulfurization	Process involving a reaction with hydrogen to remove sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon feedstock.
fermentation	Decomposition and breakdown of organic matter by anaerobic means.
duplicates	two separate samples with separate containers taken at the same time at the same place.
flashboards	A length of timber, concrete, or steel placed on the crest of a spillway to raise the retention water level but which may be quickly removed in the event of a flood by a tripping device, or by deliberately designed failure of the flashboard or its supports.
cyclogenesis	Process of cyclone formation, maturation, and death.
earthquake focus	Point of stress release in an earthquake.
breakdown	Rock (often found in heaps) that has collapsed from the walls and ceiling of a cave.
35% tax bracket	The highest tax bracket in the current U.S
by-products	something produced in addition to the principal product
variable cost	Operating costs which, in the aggregate, vary either directly or indirectly in relation to any change in the volume of gas sold and/or transported; i.e., compressor station fuel and expenses
fixed energy	A process, like photosynthesis, where organisms repackage inorganic energy into organic energy.
left to the wolves	abandoned, deserted in time of need and support.
wsr-57	A NWS Weather Surveillance Radar designed in 1957
climate	The generally prevailing meteorological conditions of a region over the long term, comprising temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind and rainfall
set scrum	(Rugby football) a scrum ordered by the referee.
operator	The company or individual responsible for managing an exploration, development or production operation.
enhanced wording	An option used by the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) in Norman, Oklahoma in tornado and severe thunderstorm watches when the potential for strong/violent tornadoes, or unusually widespread damaging straight-line winds, is high
demand	the quantity of goods or services that consumers are willing and able to buy at a given price
rig	The physical apparatus used to drill and frack wells
wind shift	A change in wind direction of 45° or more in less than 15 minutes with sustained wind speeds of 10 knots or more (≥19 km/h) throughout the wind shift.
passive remote sensing	Form of remote sensing where the sensor passively captures electromagnetic radiation reflected or emitted by an object.
cyclic storm	A thunderstorm that undergoes cycles of intensification and weakening (pulses) while maintaining its individuality
economic interest	An interest in oil and gas in the ground
titania	In William Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream, the queen of the fairies.
ovens river catchment	the majority of the Ovens River catchment at Tarrawingee supports general agriculture, with large areas of intensive agriculture and plantations
sediment	Small fragments of material that are created by the erosion of rock or soil then carried and deposited by water, windor ice.
cone of depression	Cone of depression (or "influence") is the draw-down of the water table or potentiometric surface that happens when a well is pumped
landman	An oil company employee, or independent, who identifies mineral rights owners and secures leases so that drilling can begin.
valve box	A housing around an underground valve to allow access to the valve and to protect the valve from mechanical damage or the effects of weather.
high seas forecasts	This National Weather Service High Seas Forecasts are designed to meet the needs of ships making ocean transits; therefore, the primary focus is on major weather systems and sea states affecting oceangoing vessels.
alluvial	of or pertaining to or composed of alluvium.
element	A substance composed of atoms having the same number of protons in each nucleus.
fee lands	Privately owned, nonpublic lands.
gum	A resinous material formed in regulators, meters, and orifices from the polymerization of certain gas components present in manufactured gas, primarily heterocyclic and/or unsaturated hydrocarbons.
rime	Deposit of ice crystals that occurs when fog or super cooled water droplets comes in contact with an object with a temperature below freezing (0° Celsius)
max	An abbreviation of maximum.
outcrop	An exposure of bedrock at the earth's surface.
let it rest/ride	refrain from saying, doing or interfering any more.
field capacity	The amount of water held in soil against the pull of gravity.
entisols	Soil order (type) of the United States Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Classification System
base load capacity	Electricity-generating equipment that operates to meet the demand that continues throughout the year.
water cycle	SEE hydrologic cycle.
sweet crude	Crude oil with low sulfur content which is less corrosive, burns cleaner, and requires less processing to yield valuable products.
explosive limits	The lowest (lower limit) and highest (upper limit) concentrations of a specific gas or vapor in mixture with air that can be ignited at ordinary temperature and pressure of the mixture
combustion control	A device which manually or automatically proportions combustion air to fuel over the whole operating range of the burner or burners.
adjustment period	The time between interest rate adjustment dates for an ARM
non-accredited investors	Persons or entities who do not satisfy one or more of the alternative definitions of the term "Accredited Investor" and who, by virtue of their financial resources acumen, satisfy the suitability standards imposed by Rule 506 of Regulation D and otherwise meet the financial investment standards therein required.
diddums	1
accretion	The accumulation of material, under the influence of gravity, to form a galaxy, star, planet, or moon.
air shutter	An adjustable device for varying the primary air inlet(s) regulating primary or secondary air.
lagoon	a shallow pond where sunlight, bacterial action, and oxygen work to purify wastewater
toxic	poisonous; harmful to living organisms
evaporite	Sedimentary rocks made up of minerals that are deposited from the precipitation of evaporated seawater.
scrum-half	a half-back who puts the ball into the scrum.
visual flight rules	Refers to the general weather conditions pilots can expect at the surface
gann theory	An eclectic blend of fact and fantasy, the works of WD Gann caught on in the City in the late 1980s
ground water catchment area	An area contributing natural replenishment (recharge) of the ground water regime
geologic timescale	An arbitrary chronologic sequence of geologic events, used as a measure of the age of any part of geologic time, usually presented in the form of a chart showing the names of the various rock-stratigraphic, time-stratigraphic, or geologic-time units.
consolidation	All this means is that prices are moving in a broadly sideways range after a sharp move in one direction
contact	Boundary surface between two different rock types or ages of rocks.
essence	(cooking) extract.
conjugate	Describes a pair of intersecting (or nearly intersecting) faults, the slip motions of which are opposite (e.g., right-lateral and left-lateral), so as to accomodate the rotation of the block they bound
depletion allowance	An allowance granted on taxable income from oil and gas by the Federal and most State Governments
altocumulus castellanus	They are middle level convective clouds and possibly they should be classified as clouds with extensive vertical development
available nutrient	The portion of any element or compound in the soil that can be readily absorbed and assimilated by growing plants
contingency	A requirement in a contract that must occur before that contract can be finalized.
infra dig	beneath one's dignity.
allocation	An amount of obligational authority transferred from one agency, bureau or account and set aside in a transfer appropriation account to carry out the purposes of the parent appropriation or fund.
infiltration capacity	The maximum rate at which water can enter the soil at a particular point under a given set of conditions.
shoaling	The process whereby waves coming into shallow waters are slowed by bottom friction and become closer together and steeper.
nebula	An immense cloud-like mass of interstellar gas and dust, generally in the spiral arms of a galaxy
site-specific	Term used in conjunction with "forecast" or "warning" to convey the fact that a hydrologic (stream) forecast is produced for an individual stream gage location as opposed to a general area (e.g., a city, zone, or county) as is commonly done in many types of weather forecasts.
vacuum breaker	A mechanical device which automatically vents a water line to the atmosphere when subject to a partial vacuum, thus preventing back siphonage.
monte carlo simulation	A statistical method whereby a range of results and their probabilities are reached through random sampling of points on a distribution curve or curves.
coalescence	The process by which water droplets in a cloud collide and come together to form raindrops.
demonstration scale plant	A plant between pilot and commercial size built to demonstrate the commercial feasibility of a process.
mortgagee	The lender in a mortgage agreement.
barkindji	an Aboriginal nation whose traditional lands are in far western New South Wales, encompassing Broken Hill's satellite towns of Wilcannia, Menindee, Ivanhoe and Durton
heron island	a true coral cay right on the Great Barrier Reef
flag-pole	tall, thin and lanky person.
pumping lift	The maximum height of the water column that can be pushed up the rising main.
flash flood watch	This product is issued by the local National Weather Service office (NWFO) for events that have the potential for short duration (usually less than 6 hours) intense flooding of counties, communities, streams or areas for which the occurrence is neither certain nor imminent
amortization	Liquidation or gradual retirement of a financial obligation by periodic installments.
deed of trust	A deed conveying title to a trustee made to secure a loan
molecular weight	The sum of the atomic masses of the elements forming the molecule
net-back pricing	A contractual arrangement in which the price of gas at the wellhead is based upon what it sells for at the burnertip less applicable transportation and distribution charges.
phiezometer	An instrument used to measure pressure head in a conduit, tank, soil, etc
outwash plain	A flat or gentle sloping surface of glaciofluvial sediments deposited by meltwater streams at the edge of a glacier
deposition	the process of dropping or getting rid of sediments by an erosional agent such as a river or glacier; also called sedimentation
tag line	In crane and truck operations, a rope attached to the bottom of a load suspended by the crane or truck which, when grasped by a crew member, allows the crew member to prevent rotation and to assist in guiding the load.
wildcat	Exploratory well several kilometres from any known pool.
overlying right	property owners above a common aquifer possess a mutual right to the reasonable and beneficial use of a groundwater resource on land overlying the aquifer from which the water is taken
hell's bells/teeth!	mild oath; expression of frustration, annoyance, amazement etc.
gas generator	The section of a gas-turbine that provides the high temperature gases needed to drive the power turbine.
peak load	See DEMAND, MAXIMUM.
enrichment	the addition of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous from wastewater effluent or agricultural runoff to surface water
hydraulic radius	The right cross-sectional area of a stream of water divided by the length of that part of its periphery in contact with its containing conduit; the ratio of area to wetted perimeter
hydrologic cycle	Model that describes the movement of water between the hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere.
participant	The unit used by a utility to measure participation in its DSM programs; usually customers or households in the case of residential programs.
backing winds	Winds which shift in a counterclockwise direction with time at a given location (e.g
oyster	1
advection fog	Fog that forms as warmer, moist air moves over a cold ground
coefficient of transmissivity	see Transmissivity.
certified capacity	The total certified capacity of a pipeline is the sum of the increments authorized in various certificates by the FERC
died in the arse	(something) was not a success: e.g., Wally came out with what he thought was a better mousetrap, but it died in the arse.
association	A natural grouping of soil associates based on similarities in climatic or physiographic factors and soil parent materials
metric ton	1,000 kilograms (kg)
end up in smoke	fail; collapse; be a fiasco, flop.
aurora borealis	the Northern Lights caused by the interaction between the solar wind, the Earth's magnetic field and the upper atmosphere; a similar effect happens in the southern hemisphere where it is known as the aurora australis.
settlement price	A price established at the close of a trading day used to calculate the settlement of futures contracts.
invof	An acronym for "in vicinity of".
algicide	substance or chemical used specifically to kill or control algae.
gentrification	The changes that result when wealthier people (‘gentry') acquire or rent property in low income and working class communities
rig	Drilling platform.
asteroid	A body in our solar system composted of either metal or rock which is smaller than a planet yet larger than a meteoroid
volcanic ash	Fine ash-like rock particles ejected from volcanoes during eruptions; may be transported large distances by wind.
estuary	Somewhat enclosed coastal area at the mouth of a river where nutrient rich fresh water meets with salty ocean water.
domestic well	a water well used to supply water for the domestic needs of an individual residence or systems of four or fewer service connections.
tectonic	Relating to the deformation of the crust of a moon or planet, the forces involved in or producing such deformation, and the resulting forms.
btx	Benzene, toluene and xylene.
thematic mapper	Remote sensing device found on Landsat satellites that scans images in seven spectral bands from visible to thermal infrared.
isohel	A line on a weather map connecting points receiving equal sunlight.
field and gathering lines	See SYSTEM TYPE.
phreatophytes	plants that send their roots into or below the capillary zone to use ground water.
carbon cycle	Storage and cyclic movement of organic and inorganic forms of carbon between the biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.
leach pad	The surface upon which ore is piled for heap leaching, including those facilities to collect the lixiviant for mineral recovery.
ideal gas law	The ideal gas law is the combination of the volume, temperature, and pressure relationships of Boyle's and Charles' laws resulting in the relationship PV=RT
location	A term used in geography that deals with the relative and absolution spatial position of natural and human-made phenomena.
maar volcano	A volcanic crater without a cone, believed to have been formed by an explosive eruption of trapped gases.
liquefied natural gas	Natural gas which has been liquefied by reducing its temperature to minus 260 degrees Fahrenheit at atmospheric pressure
hygrometer	An instrument for measuring atmospheric humidity.
open pit	A surface mine, open to daylight, such as a quarry
air-gas ratio	The ratio of the air volume to the gas volume
bottom gas	The quantity of gas that is not normally recovered from storage field operation
flow rate	the volume measure of the flow of a fluid per unit of time through an orifice, pump, turbine, conduit or channel.
net revenue interest	The percentage of production to which a working interest owner is entitled after deducting costs such as royalties.
differential pressure	The pressure difference between two points in a system
design load	The maximum average rate of gas use by a group of appliances or customers over a specified short time period, usually 15 to 30 minutes.
moderately well drained soils	Soils that have 50% or more grey mottles between 60–90 cm of the soil surface or greater than 2% rust-coloured mottles between 30–90 cm of the soil surface.
measuring and regulating station	Facilities installed at a given location for measuring and regulating the flow of gas in connection with distribution system operations other than the measurement of gas deliveries to customers.
watt	A unit of power equal to one joule per second
niche specialization	Process where evolution, through natural selection, adapts a species to a particular set of abiotic and biotic characteristics within a habitat.
gathering system	The gathering pipelines plus any pumps, tanks, or additional equipment used to move oil or gas from the wellhead to the main pipeline for delivery to a processing facility or consumer.
flange	For pipe, a metal collar drilled with bolt holes and attached to the pipe with its flat surface at right angles to the pipe axis so that it can be securely bolted to a mating flange on a valve, another pipe section, etc.
heel	(Rugby football) pass with the heel.
recharge rate	the quantity of water per unit of time that replenishes or refills an aquifer.
penny dreadful	any cheap and sensational piece of literature.
cape wickham	site of the tallest lighthouse in the Southern Hemisphere
discharge	The volume of water in a river channel passing a particular point in a given time, usually measured in cubic metres per second (cumecs).
threatened species	Species that is still plentiful in its natural range but is likely to become endangered because of declining population numbers.
lpg	Liquified petroleumn gas (mixture of Propane & Butane)
cirrus	They are thin, feather like clouds composed entirely of ice crystals
phosphate retention	Capacity of a soil to 'lock up' phosphorus and make it plant-unavailable
automatic ignition	See IGNITION, AUTOMATIC.
blue sky laws	State regulations governing an offering to sell securities within that state (analogous to Securities Exchange Commission registration requirements at the Federal level)
ice pellets	A type of precipitation
geostrophic wind	Horizontal wind in the upper atmosphere that moves parallel to isobars
suspended solids	the small solid particles in water that cause turbidity
fog	MIXED CURRENT: Type of TIDAL CURRENT characterized by a conspicious velocity difference between the two FLOODS or two EBBS usually occurring each TIDAL DAY
south georgia method	Method which bridges the gap between the Commission's past flow-through policies of book and tax timing differences to the Commission's current policy of tax normalization as expressed in the Commission's Order No.144
fresh water	water containing less than 1,000 parts per million (ppm) of dissolved solids of any type
divide	The high ground that forms the boundary of a watershed
afe	An estimate of the costs of drilling and completing a proposed well, which the operator provides to each working interest owner before the well is commenced.
heritage river area	a riverine area of land designated under Section 5 of the Heritage Rivers Act 1992 (Victoria)
give a tingle	telephone (someone).
mangrove	Treed wetlands located on the coastlines in warm tropical climates.
working pressure	SEE operating pressure.
non-operating interest	A share in the mineral interest which is without operating burdens
gaging station	Site on a stream, lake, reservoir, or other body of water where direct systematic observations of hydrologic data are obtained.
economic cost	a cost involved in a trade-off that requires spending money
fahrenheit scale	Scale for measuring temperature
system capacity	The amount of gas that can be transported under specified conditions of pressure, temperature and loading (generally peak day requirements)
system storage	Storage facilities, or portion of storage facilities, which is used by the pipeline to store gas for its own use, to meet the peak day requirements of its sales customers and to provide flexibility on its system
hot spot	A stationary mantle plume which will form a series of volcanoes or sea mountains as the earth's crust moves over it.
fixed cost	Certain costs which in the aggregate do not vary in amount regardless of the quantity of gas sold or transported
leader	The streamer which initiates the first phase of each stroke of a lightning discharge
chemical precipitation	Contaminant removal from solution through the chemical combining of anion and cations to form solids.
spring	A place where water flows naturally out of rock onto the land surface.
vapor pressure	The pressure exerted by water vapor molecules in a given volume of air.
zodiac	an imaginary belt across the sky in which the Sun, Moon, and all of the planets can always be found.
nitrate	Form of nitrogen commonly found in the soil and used by plants for building amino acids, DNA and proteins
pleistocene	The period following the Pliocene during which an ice sheet covered the greater part of North America
swab	A tool which is lowered down the pipe on a wire line
evergreen vegetation	Vegetation that keeps a majority of their leaves or needles throughout the year
acre-foot	The volume of water necessary to cover one acre to a depth of one foot
posted field price	Price for oil or gas in a given area, set by principal buyers
classification of costs	A two step process to take functionalized costs and (1) determine whether they are fixed or variable and then (2) determine whether the fixed costs will be recovered through the demand rate or the commodity rate.
classification	Process of grouping things into categories.
distribution	The system of lines, transformers and switches that connect a transmission network to customer load
oil-gas parity pricing	Conversion of costs per gallon oil price to an equivalent gas price in dollars per Mcf by application of appropriate oil/gas heat (Btu) conversion factors.
game fish	a species such as trout, salmon, or bass, caught for sport.
infill drilling	Drilling of a well between known producing wells to better exploit the reservoir.
frost wedging	A process of physical weathering in which water freezes in a crack and exerts force on the rock causing further rupture.
tubing	Tubing is small diameter steel tube that carries produced fluids up the well.
depression storage	the volume of water contained in natural depressions on the land surface, such as puddles.
surplus energy	Energy generating capability that is beyond the immediate needs of the producing system
risk disaggregation	An identification of specific risk components within transactions, assets, and contracts
kybosh	nonsense; rubbish.
tropic currents	Tidal currents occurring semimonthly when the effect of the Moon's maximum declination is greatest
density	The gravity of crude oil, indicating the proportion of large, carbon-rich molecules.
aquifer	an aquifer whose upper boundary consists of a relatively porous material that transmits water readily from the ground surface
random walk	Theory that market prices move randomly around a main trend, in other words, that the volatility is arbitrary.
surface loss factor	A factor applied to the gas recovered from a reservoir in order to determine the volume of gas actually available to be delivered to the market
technical potential	In DSM, an estimate of energy savings based on the assumption that all existing equipment or measures will be replaced with the most efficient equipment or measure that is technically feasible, without regard to cost or market acceptance
weir	a) A low dam built across a stream to raise the upstream water level (fixed-crest weir when uncontrolled); b) A structure built across a stream or channel for the purpose of measuring flow (measuring or gauging weir).
seasonal gas	Seasonal gas is gas sold during certain periods of the year
scruff-nut	1
moody's	Rating Quality Description:
net revenue interest	An owner's interest in the revenues of a well.
aquifer	A geologic formation that is water-bearing and which transmits water from one point to another.
maximum actual operating pressure	See PRESSURE, MAXIMUM ACTUAL OPERATING.
abutment seepage	Reservoir water that moves through seams or pores in the natural abutment material and exits as seepage.
leaching	Process in which water removes and transports soil humus and inorganic nutrients in solution.
peg	to throw: e.g., He pegged it in the bin with his eyes closed!
vortex	In its most general use, any flow possessing vorticity
hydrology	the science dealing with the properties, distribution, and circulation of water.
emissivity	The ratio of total radiative output from a body per unit time per unit area at a specific temperature and wavelength to that of a black body under the same environmental conditions.
reservoir	A manmade facility for the storage, regulation and controlled release of water.
deed	A written document by which the title to a property is transferred from one party (the grantor) to another (the grantee).
conversion burner	See BURNER, CONVERSION.
exmouth	a town at the northern tip of the North West Cape
ventifact	A loose piece of rock that has been polished smooth by wind transported particles
custom smelter	A smelter which processes concentrates from independent mines
order 636	The FERC order which implemented the provisions outlined in the Mega-NOPR.
appraisal	The drilling of a well or wells after the discovery of oil or gas to establish the limits of the reservoir, the productivity of wells in it and the properties of the oil or gas
wave refraction	The re-orientation of a wave so that it approaches a shoreline at a more perpendicular angle
aesthetic	Refers to those aspects of drinking water quality that are perceivable by the senses, namely taste, odour, colour and clarity.
apastron	the point of greatest separation of two stars, such as in a binary star system.
grassland	An area where the vegetation is dominated by grasses and herbaceous (non-woody) plants
title	The combination of factors that, together, constitute legal ownership of a property.
bop	An assembly of heavy-duty valves attached to the top of a well casing to control pressure.
laterization	Soil forming process that creates a laterite layer.
withdrawal	Segregation of particular lands from the operation of specified public land laws, making those laws (including the mineral location and leasing laws) inapplicable to the withdrawn lands.
ebb current	The movement of a tidal current away from the coast or down an estuary or tidal waterway; the opposite of flood current
absolute zero	The zero point on the absolute temperature scale
off-peak	Light load hours
temperate rainforest	characterised by an open yet verdant, cool, dark and damp place where both the trunks of trees and the forest floor are festooned with a carpet of mosses and lichens
cubic foot metered	The quantity of gas that occupies one cubic foot under pressure and temperature conditions in the meter.
loess	Deposits of silt laid down by aeolian processes over extensive areas of the mid-latitudes during glacial and postglacial times.
pediplain	An arid landscape of little relief that is occasionally interrupted by the presence of scattered inselbergs
flow-sensitive habitats	habitats that show hydraulic response to relatively small changes in streamflow
orographic uplift	Uplift of an air mass because of a topographic obstruction
supervisory fee	A fee paid to the general partner in and oil and gas limited partnership for the general partner's duties of directly supervising operations at the well site.
capital asset recovery	A method to determine the cost of common equity component of return using the rate of risk- free investments plus a risk premium based on the stock market and the company's market volatility.
his nibs	1
point source pollution	pollutant loads discharged at a specific location from pipes, outfalls, and conveyance channels
spacing	The distance between wells producing from the same reservoir
operator	The company or person responsible for the drilling, completion and production operations of a well, and the maintenance of the leased property
firm gas	Gas sold on a continuous basis for a defined contract term.
texas hooker	Low pressure systems that originate in the panhandle region of Texas and Oklahoma
ferc order 636	The 1992 order that unbundled US pipeline services, requiring pipelines to cease their merchant function and instead become solely a transporter of gas.
load duration curve	A graph made by plotting data in order of magnitude against time intervals for a specified period
isoseisms	A line connecting points of identical intensity for a given earthquake.
evolution	Is a process by which species come to possess genetic adaptations to their environment
elongation	the angular distance of a planetary body from the Sun as seen from Earth
upconing	Upward movement of salty or brackish ground water into wells and into aquifers previously occupied by fresh or less mineralized ground water.
mineralogy	The study of mineral composition, structure, appearance, stability, occurrence, and associations.
ice shelf	A thick ice formation with a fairly level surface, formed along a polar coast and in shallow bays and inlets, where it is fastened to the shore and often reaches bottom
safety clamp	A clamp placed tightly around a drill collar that is suspended in the rotary table by drill collar slips.
stool	The stump of a tree left after coppicing or pollarding from which new shoots can grow.
confined aquifer	An aquifer confined between aquitards or aquicludes
mean tide level	The arithmetic mean of mean high water and mean low water over a suitably long period (e.g
mudballs	round material that forms in filters and gradually grows when not removed by backwashing.
river-dog	See RIVER-CLAMP.
total output gas	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
api gravity	An arbitrary scale expressing the gravity or density of liquid petroleum products devised jointly by the American Petroleum Institute and the National Bureau of Standards
barrack-room lawyer	bush lawyer.
pyrolysis	A chemical reaction brought about by the action of heat.
equivalent direct radiation	Heat expressed in terms of a square foot of steam radiator surface emitting 240 Btu per hour
orphan anvil	Slang for an anvil from a dissipated thunderstorm, below which no other clouds remain.
domestic production	Oil and gas produced in the United States as opposed to imported product.
westphalian	Late Carboniferous age ranging from 315 Ma to 305 Ma.
ding-dong	1
wind load rating	A specification used to indicate the resistance of a derrick to the force of wind
probability screen	Also known as a Morgensen sizer this device consists of several steeply inclined vibrating screen decks
herbaceous saline [lcdb2 classification]	Areas dominated by herbaceous aquatic vegetation as a component of estuarine or coastal wetlands,
check stub	Stub attached to a check disclosing well name, month of production, price received, total volumes produced and JIB expenses deducted.
coolant	A substance circulating through a nuclear reactor to remove or transfer heat
distrigas method	A formula used to allocate overhead costs of a parent to its affiliates
continental crust	The part of the crust that directly underlies the continents and continental shelves
bankfull stage/elevation	An established river stage/water surface elevation at a given location along a river which is intended to represent the maximum water level that will not overflow the river banks or cause any significant damages from flooding.
make-up water	Water added to a tank, boiler, or other vessel to maintain a pre-determined liquid level.
armoring	the formation of an erosion-resistant layer of relatively large particles on a streambed or bank resulting from removal of finer particles by erosion.
individual retirement account	A tax-deferred plan that can help build a retirement nest egg.
eon	Longest geologic time unit.
deed	A written document transferring ownership in a piece of property.
absolute auction	An auction where the property is sold to the highest qualified bidder with no limiting conditions or amount
zone of aeration	the portion of the ground from the Earth's surface down to the water table - the zone of aeration is not saturated with water because its pores are filled partly by air and partly by water
turbidity	A cloudy condition in water due to suspended silt or organic matter.
escape velocity	The speed an object must have in order to escape from another object's gravity.
coal gas	Manufactured gas made by distillation or carbonization of coal in a closed coal gas retort, coke oven, or other vessel.
inversion	See temperature inversion.
diurnal	MOLE: In coastal terminology, a massive solid-filled structure (generally revetted) of earth, masonry or large STONE.
giardia lamblia	a protozoa found in the feces of infected humans and animals that can cause severe gastrointestinal ailments
bevel	Beveled pipe ends are for welding purposes
geology	The science that deals with the study of the planet Earth--the materials of which it is made, the processes that act to change these materials from one form to another, and the history recorded by these materials; the forces acting to deform the outer layers of the Earth and create ocean basins and continents; the processes that modify the Earth's surface; the application of geologic knowledge to the search for useful materials and the understanding of the relationship of geologic processes to people.
spectroscope	An optical instrument designed to spread out light into the spectrum of its component colors.
rotation	See Earth rotation.
nonjurisdictional	Generally used to denote activities or companies not subject to control and regulation by the Commission
peppercorn	nominal rent (originally one peppercorn per year paid to the Crown).
guaranteed payments	Payments by a partnership to one or more of its partners for services rendered.
sidereal day	Time it takes to complete one Earth rotation relative to the position of a fixed star
mmi	The Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale (usually just abbreviated as MM) refers to the relative amount of damage that structures undergo during an earthquake
voltage control	The control of transmission voltage adjustments in generator reactive output and transformer taps, and by switching capacitors and inductors on the transmission and distribution systems
vehicle accident frequency rate	The frequency rate of motor vehicle accidents is the number of motor vehicle accidents per 1,000,000 miles
frost point	Dew point below freezing.
dumb corner	Back-up man held rope while the cathead man spun the tongs to tighten drill stem or cable rig.
fractured rock	Rock in which breaks, cracks or joints occur due to mechanical failure by stress, with or without displacement.
oscar	(should get an...) (Australian Rules football) a free kick; an academy award.
irish luck	ridiculously good luck or fortune that seems against all odds.
mid-latitude cyclone	Cyclonic storm that forms primarily in the middle latitudes
ozone	a gas that is bubbled through water to kill germs
wind vane	A mechanical device used to measure the direction of wind flow
exponentially-smoothed moving average	An average calculated using a system where a percentage of today's price is applied to yesterday's moving average value, eg 9% MA =(today's close9%)+(ydy's close91%).
hydrology	The study of the characteristics and occurrence of water, and the hydrologic cycle
cumulonimbus cloud	They are the ultimate manifestation of instability
depasturing license	(hist.) permitted colonial settlers to graze stock on Crown lands ‘beyond the limits of location’.
hpc	An acronym for the Hydrometeorological Prediction Center.
pro forma	Latin for "for the sake of form." Used to describe gas pipeline tariff sheets submitted as part of a certificate application or as part of a tariff filing
owlet-nightjar	(see: Australian owlet-nightjar).
oil in place	The total volume of oil originally in the reservoir
stream flow	The flow of water in a river or stream channel.
inferential statistics	Statistical test that makes generalizations about a population based of the numeric information obtained from a sample based on the laws of probability.
flowback water	After the fracking procedure is complete and pressure is released, the water and excess proppant flow up through the wellbore to the surface
biostrome	A layer of rock composed of the remains of various fossilized animals, such as crinoids and coral.
miocene epoch	The interval of geologic time between approximately 23.8 and 5.3 million years ago.
wellbore	The hole made by the drilling bit.
cod	Chemical Oxygen Demand. A measure of the oxygen equivalent of the organic matter content of a sample that is susceptible to oxidation by a strong chemical oxidation. Differs from the BOD test in that COD uses oxygen derived from chemicals, while BOD uses oxygen derived from air dissolved in water.
development	During development, engineering teams design the most efficient development options to build wells and associated infrastructure to produce hydrocarbons from a gas field within a proven productive reservoir (as defined by exploration and appraisal activities)
conventional natural gas	Natural gas consisting of a mixture of hydrocarbon compounds, primarily methane, and small quantities of various non-hydrocarbons.
spot market	A short-term contract for the purchase and sale of commodities (such as oil and gas) at a specific price.
normal lapse rate	Average rate of air temperature change with altitude in the troposphere
non-hazardous	it can create lethal oxygen-deficient environments in high concentrations (especially in confined spaces)
coastal convergence	The convergence or running together of land and sea winds, creating a stronger band of wind near the shore
surface casing	The first string of casing set in a well after the conductor pipe, varying in length from a few hundred to several thousand feet
productivity	Rate of energy fixation or storage of biomass by plants
psv	The Polished Stone Value of aggregate is measured using a standardised test (BS812 Part1 14:1989)
transmissivity	refers to the rate at which limestone allows the transmission of water
stabilization	Stabilization is the addition of a gas to the gas normally supplied for the purpose of adjusting the heat content to a specified value
ukcs	United Kingdom Continetal Shelf
dew point front	A narrow zone (mesoscale feature) of extremely sharp moisture gradient and little temperature gradient
hydrological soil group	Four soil classes (A to D) that classify soils according to their vulnerability to runoff
terrestrial planet	a name given to a planet composed mainly of rock and iron, similar to that of Earth.
crust	The outermost layer of the Earth, consisting mostly of crystalline rocks and making up less than 1% of the Earth's total volume.
economic potential	In DSM, an estimate of energy savings based on the assumption that all energy-efficient options will be adopted and all existing equipment will be replaced with the most efficient measure possible whenever it is cost-effective to do so, without regard to market acceptance
cost-effective	able at least to pay for itself or make a profit
pcp	Progressing cavity pump
range unfolding	Process of removing range ambiguity in apparent range of a multitrip target on the radar.
barcoo rot	a term for scurvy amongst inland Queenslanders; a common bush ailment during the time of settlement, the result of a diet consisting of tea or coffee, damper and salt.
scrub	To remove certain constituents of a gas by passing it through equipment (Scrubber) in which the gas is intimately mixed with a suitable liquid that absorbs or washes out the constituent to be removed from the gas.
gas cap	In field containing both gas and oil, some gas will often collect at top of reservoir in a single deposit.
leachate	The liquid that results from the process of water, derived from precipitation, streams and/or groundwater leaching through sanitary landfills or dumps.
api	Density measure in degrees of a liquid hydrocarbon (crude oil of condensate) which is inversely proportional to its specific gravity.i.e
erosion terrain	Erosion processes vary throughout New Zealand depending on rock type, landform (especially slope angle), and rainfall
mica	A series of minerals that form thin sheets
it's the done thing	it is the socially acceptable thing to do.
ordovician	The second earliest period of the Paleozoic era (after the Cambrian and before the Silurian), thought to have covered the span of time between 490 and 443 million years ago; also, the corresponding system of rocks
conduction	Conduction consists of energy transfer directly from atom to atom and represents the flow of energy along a temperature gradient.
injection wells	Deep wells used worldwide to dump contaminants, often suspended in water
theta-e ridge	An axis of relatively high values of theta-e
overpressuring	The technique of increasing the maximum pressure in a natural gas storage reservoir above the discovery pressure.
south pole	Surface location defined by the intersection of the polar axis with Earth's surface in the Southern Hemisphere
lease hound	A landman whose primary duty is to procure leases on tracts of land for exploration and development of gas and oil products.
transpiration	an essential physiological process in which plant tissues give off water vapor to the atmosphere.
rossby number	A dimensionless number relating the ratio of inertial to Coriolis forces
acre-foot	In the U.S., the thickness of a pay zone is measured in feet, and the area of the reservoir is measured in acres
outcrop	That part of a rock unit that is exposed at the earth's surface.
inflow	entry of rainwater into a sewer system from sources other than infiltration, such as basement drains, manholes, storm drains, and street washing.
desulfurization	Processes by which sulfur and sulfur compounds are removed from gases or petroleum liquid mixtures.
synthesis gas	A mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen frequently used to produce (synthesize) many chemicals depending on the reacting conditions and catalysts used
double tide	(or agger, double high water, gulder)
cassini	Gian Domenico Cassini (1625-1712) Astronomer born in Italy, later a naturalized French citizen
closed water piping system	See WATER PIPING SYSTEM, CLOSED.
rins	A Renewable Identification Number (or RIN) is a serial number assigned to a batch of biofuel for the purpose of tracking its production, use, and trading as required by the United States Environmental Protection Agency's Renewable Fuel Standard implemented according to the Energy Policy Act of 2005.
louvers	Overlapping and sloping slats arranged to prevent entrance or exit of some substances but allow ventilation air to pass.
midstream or middle distillates	Refinery products in the middle of the distillation range of crude oil, including kerosene, kerosene-based jet fuel, home heating fuel, range oil, stove oil and diesel fuel.
reclamation	The restoration of land to its original condition by regrading contours and replanting after the land has been mined, drilled, or otherwise has undergone alteration from its original state.
market requirement	Volumes of gas needed by gas consumers and expressed in volume of daily demand and total annual volumes.
delay rental division order	A document giving instructions to the owner of a lease concerning the payment of delay rentals to persons having an interest therein.
river valley	A feature in the physical landscape through which a river runs
cellar	A hole at surface that allows the blow-out preventer and well head to be positioned over the entrance to the core hole or well.
ground ice	General term used to describe all bodies of ice in the ground surface of the permafrost layer
rhyolite domes	Granite-like land forms created through a build up of fine grained volcanic rock.
debentures	Certificates of indebtedness issued under an indenture agreement (administered by a trustee) representing long-term borrowings of capital funds, secured only by the general credit of the issuing corporation
light year	Distance that light travels in the vacuum of space in one year
monocline	A geologic formation in which all the strata are inclined in the same direction.
raceway	A channel for holding wires, cables, or bus bars which is designed expressly for and used solely for this purpose
grounded ice	Ice that has run aground or is contact with the ground underneath it.
storm total precipitation	This WSR-88D radar product displays the total precipitation (in inches) as a graphical image
time value	The time component in a premium for an option art
held by production	A legal process that allows exploration and production companies to extend the terms of the original contract for lease and royalties for the life of a producing well, even if that term goes beyond the stipulated term of the original lease.
stand pipe	A device that measures the height of the water table in an unconfined aquifer.
billing cycle	The regular, periodic interval used by a utility for reading the meters of customers for billing purposes
ring-tensile test	Method of determining apparent tensile strength of plastic pipe by applying tensile forces in the hoop direction to a ring-specimen cut from pipe.
deep percolation loss	Water that percolates downward through the soil beyond the reach of plant roots.
hydrocarbons	chemical compounds that consist entirely of carbon and hydrogen; also referred to as volatile organic compound.
reserve life index	The ratio of a pipeline's system supply reserves to annual sales expected, stated in years
sample	Cuttings of a rock formation broken up by the drill bit and brought to the surface by the drilling mud
api gravity	The weight per unit of volume of crude oil expressed in degrees according to an American Petroleum Institute recommended system
focal mechanism	The direction and sense of slip on a fault plane at the point of origin (hypocenter) of an earthquake, as inferred from the first seismic waves which arrive at various locations; often, they are draw on maps with a "beachball"-like symbol:
hydrogeology	The subject dealing with the occurrence, characterization and movement of water below the earth's surface.
king parrot	any of several parrots, especially the mainly scarlet and green Alisterus scapularis of eastern Australia.
water table	the elevation of the water in an unconfined aquifer.
tall tussock [lcdb2 classification]	Areas of Chionochloa species, usually accompanied by short tussock grassland species and a number of herbs, in particular, Celmisia species.
wa dept. health	Washington State Department of Health
drawdown	A lowering of the water table in an unconfined aquifer or the potentiometric surface in a confined aquifer caused by pumping of a well.
conservation program	A utility-sponsored program that attempts to reduce a customer's energy consumption, over most, or all hours of the day.
right of capture	the idea that the water under a person's land belongs to that person and they are free to capture and use as much as they want
cone of depression	natural depression in the water table around a well during pumping.
flow-through method	An accounting method under which decreases or increases in state or federal income taxes resulting from the use of liberalized depreciation and the Investment Tax Credit for income tax purposes are carried down to net income in the year in which they are realized
final disposal	The storage of nuclear waste and/or spent fuel in a repository near the surface or in a deep geological formation, without the intention of retrieval.
pipeline quality gas	A term used to designate a fuel gas compatible with natural gas from pipelines
solifluction	Form of mass movement in environments that experience freeze-thaw action
appropriation	Authorization by act of Congress permitting Federal agencies to incur obligations and make payments out of the 'treasury for specific purposes.
firm transportation service	Transportation services for which facilities have been designed, installed, and dedicated to a certified quantity
vacuum pump	A pumping apparatus which exhausts gas or air from an enclosed space to achieve a desired degree of vacuum.
volcanic pipe	"The vertical chamber along which magma and gas ascend to the surface; also, a formation of igneous rock that cooled in a pipe and remains after the erosion of the volcano
saline ground water	Ground water consisting of or containing salt.
stimulate or stimulation	the treating of a well bore by any chemical or mechanical method such as acidizing, fracturing, perforating or solvent treatment to increase production, injection or recovery of oil, gas, brine or any other substance.
transfer rule	When an interest in an oil and gas property already proven to be capable of commercial production is transferred, the transferee taxpayer is generally not entitled to percentage depletion, although he may still be entitled to cost depletion, in computing his depletion allowance deduction from gross income.
drilling fluid	A mixture of water and drilling additives used to cool the drill bit, lift cuttings and control swelling clays
ethane	A colourless, odourless hydrocarbon gas (C2H6)
fire flooding	An enhanced oil recovery method in which air or oxygen is injected into the reservoir to support controlled combustion, thereby increasing the temperature and lowering the viscosity of heavy oils to facilitate recovery by pumping
peat	Partially decomposed remains of plants that once flourished in a waterlogged environment.
sidelobe	A secondary energy maximum located outside the main radar beam
stream segment	refers to the surface waters of an approved planning area exhibiting common biological, chemical, hydrological, natural, and physical characteristics and processes
sanitary sewage	Wastewater (sewage) collected from households and businesses.
davidson current	A countercurrent of the Pacific Ocean running north along the west coast of the United States (from northern California to Washington to at least latitude 48 degrees) during the winter months.
terminal velocity	Maximum speed that can be achieve by a body falling through a fluid like water or air.
upstream slope	The part of the dam which is in contact with the reservoir water
composite book depreciation	A method of determining an allowance for depreciation to be included as an element of cost in a cost of service study
coniferous vegetation	Cone-bearing vegetation of middle and high latitudes that are mostly evergreen and that have needle-shaped or scale like leaves
sphalerite	Zinc sulfide (ZnS), the principal zinc ore mined Tri-state deposits in southeastern Kansas, usually found in breccia in ancient refilled sinks and caves.
lotic-adapted species	species for which all or part of their life history is dependent on flowing water.
design day temperature	The mean temperature assumed for the Design Day.
capital asset	An asset acquired as an investment, for the purpose of creating a product or service intended to be used in the activities or operations of a business.
zonal flow	Large-scale atmospheric flow in which the east-west component (i.e., latitudinal) is dominant
brunisol soil	Soil order (type) of the Canadian System of Soil Classification
drop structures	Structures constructed in gullies to dissipate the energy and erosive power of falling water.
boiler rating	The rating of a steam boiler expressed as the total heat transferred by the heating surfaces in Btu per hour
dust veil index	A quantitative method developed by H
storm motion	The speed and direction at which a thunderstorm travels.
gathering line	A pipeline, usually of small diameter, used in gathering gas from the field to a central point.
inflation	An increase in the general level of prices.
point-and-figure	A charting system which ignores time and displays only the main price changes
hollies	holidays.
normalized head	Displacement in a well divided by initial displacement
meter bar	A metal bar for mounting a gas meter having fittings at the ends of the bar for connecting the inlet and outlet connections of the meter and to which, in turn, the gas service line and house piping are connected.
schist	A medium to coarse grained metamorphic rock with well developed bedding planes derived from the foliated recrystrallization of platy like minerals like mica.
deflection temperature	The temperature at which a specimen will deflect a given distance at a given load under prescribed conditions of test
landscape impoundment	body of reclaimed water which is used for aesthetic enjoyment or which otherwise serves a function not intended to include contact recreation.
injection	a monitoring or an abandoned well.
dna	Designated National Authority: a competent national body set up in most Kyoto Protocol signatory countries to provide approval for CDM projects.
flat spin	confusion; consternation; panic: e.g., Don't get into a flat spin until you know for sure what's happened!f
dicky-dirt	(rhyming slang) shirt.
mortgage lender	The lender providing funds for a mortgage
surface water	all water, fresh and salty, on the Earth's surface
thermistor	An electrical resistance device used in the measurement of temperature.
down draft	A flow of air down the chimney or flue because of adverse draft conditions.
amenities	Tangible and intangible benefits generated and received through exercise of rights to real property, not necessarily in the form of money.
zone of saturation	See Saturated Zone.
spillpoint	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
severe thunderstorm watch	This is issued by the National Weather Service when conditions are favorable for the development of severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch area
herbaceous freshwater [lcdb2 classification]	Areas dominated by herbaceous aquatic vegetation as a component of freshwater wetlands.
copper insert	Insertion of a copper liner into a steel service line.
outwash deposits	Stratified drift deposited by meltwater streams flowing away from melting ice.
distribution	A state where the market is dominated by sellers, who are holding length and 'distributing' to the players who need to buy.
industrialisation	A shift from an agrarian society into an industrial one, driven by technological innovation and the development of large-scale energy and metallurgy production
agreement of sale	Known by various names - such as contract of purchase, purchase contract, purchase agreement, purchase & sales agreement, or sales agreement - according to local custom
wind chill factor	The equivalent temperature resulting from the combined effect of wind and temperature
dicky	unsound; dicey; shaky; risky; difficult: e.g., He's in a dicky situation.
it's on the cards	it is likely to happen, probable.
laycan	The range of dates during which a ship will load.
gully reclamation	use of small dams of manure and straw; earth, stone,or concrete to collect silt and gradually fill in channels of eroded soil.
caldera volcano	Explosive type of volcano that leaves a large circular depression
terminator	the dividing line between the illuminated and the unilluminated part of the moon's or a planet's disk.
f scale	The old Fujita Scale
invasion day	The 26th of January is officially Australia Day, marking the day that Australia was officially colonised by the British
$17.6700	$.461915
leaching	extraction or flushing out of dissolved or suspended materials from the soil, solid waste, or another medium by water or other liquids as they percolate down through the medium to groundwater.
deferred credits	Accounts carried on the liability side of the balance sheet in which are recorded items being amortized as credits to income over a period of time (such as Unamortized Premium on Debt) and items held in suspense pending final transfer or disposition (such as Customer Advances for Construction, etc.)
endeavour	Captain James Cook's voyage in the Endeavour, which resulted in the mapping of New Zealand and the east coast of Australia, was an amazing leap into the unknown
graben	An elongate part of the Earth's crust bounded by faults on its long sides and relatively down-dropped compared to its surroundings.
sealed road	paved road.
petroleum	An oily liquid consisting of compounds of hydrogen and carbon (hydrocarbons), which is formed from the remains of living organisms.
indigenous land council	a statutory, representative body representing Aboriginal people in their Indigenous region
cryosol soil	Soil order (type) of the Canadian System of Soil Classification
combined sewer overflow	the discharge of a mixture of storm water and domestic waste when the flow capacity of a sewer system is exceeded during rainstorms.
equatorial tide	Tide occurring when the moon is near the equator; diurnal inequality is at a minimum.
condensation surfaces	small particles of matter, such as dust and salt suspended in the atmosphere, which aid the condensation of water vapor in forming clouds
alluvium	Material that has been deposited by water action
cambrian	Early Paleozoic period ranging from 540 Ma to 500 Ma.
ariel	In Alexander Pope's poem "The Rape of the Lock", a spirit of the air, chief of the sylphs.
compressor station	Facility that moves gas through transmission lines or into storage by creating pressure differentials
hud-1 settlement statement	A final listing of the costs of the mortgage transaction
successor contract	Any contract, other than a rollover contract, entered into on or after the date of enactment of the NGPA of 1978, for the first sale of natural gas that was previously subject to an existing contract, whether or not there is an identity of parties or terms with those of the previously existing contract.
thermokarst	Landscape dominated by depressions, pits, and caves that is created by the thawing of ground ice in high latitude locations
pipe	See PIPING.
conditions of sale	The legal terms that govern the conduct of an auction, including acceptable methods of payment, terms, buyer's premiums, possession, reserves and any other limiting factors of an auction
triggered slip	A somewhat poorly understood process; involves the slipping of a fault located in the same region as, but not directly associated with, a fault which ruptures in a major earthquake
watertable	At a depth below the surface, the ground is saturated with water
condenser	A heat exchanger which removes heat from vapor causing it to condense into a liquid.
return on capital	Net income (or profit) before extraordinary items, interest expense, and income taxes, divided by average capital
irrigation water	water which is applied to assist crops in areas or during times where rainfall is inadequate.
calorimeter	An apparatus for measuring the amount of heat released by the combustion of a compound or mixture.
gathering	The act of operating extensive low-pressure gas lines which aggregate the production of several separate gas wells into one larger receipt point into an interstate pipeline.
adsorption	the adhesion of a substance to the surface of a solid or liquid
t-s diagram	Abbreviation for temperature-salinity diagram.
trade winds	Surface winds that generally dominate air flow in the tropics
peak responsibility	The load of a customer, a group of customers, or part of a system at the time of occurrence of the system peak.
independent	As used in the oil industry, usually refers to a nonintegrated producing company
particulates	Separate and minute particles in a gas stream
enterprise union	a worker's union created by and for the exclusive representation of employees from a single enterprise or company.
blackwater	wastewater from toilet, latrine, and agua privy flushing and sinks used for food preparation or disposal of chemical or chemical-biological ingredients.
cash and carry	1
meridional	Movement of wind or ocean waters in a direction that is roughly perpendicular to the lines of latitude.
standard atmospheric pressure	A pressure of 101.32 kilopascals or 1013.2 millibars.
chf	Swiss Franc
scallop	A speleothem formed from solution by water movement on bedrock surfaces
drawdown	the distance between the static water level in well and the surface of the cone of depression.
orographic precipitation	Precipitation which is caused by hills or mountain ranges deflecting the moisture-laden air masses upward, causing them to cool and precipitate their moisture.
caster sugar	finely granulated white sugar.
capsicum spray	pepper spray, used by police: e.g., He was so aggro the coppers had to use capsicum spray to subdue him.
loess	An unstratified, usually buff to yellowish brown, loamy deposit created by fine mineral particles carried by the wind
lapse rate	The rate of change of an atmospheric variable, usually temperature, with height
side channel spillway	A spillway whose crest is roughly parallel to the channel immediately downstream of the spillway.
banyan tree	Ficus virens An-borndi, a large and spreading tree with aerial roots, and large prop roots from the major branches
forecast crest	The highest elevation of river level, or stage, expected during a specified storm event.
environmental stress cracking	Cracks that develop when the material is subjected to stress or strain in the presence of specific chemicals.
advanced wastewater treatment	any treatment of sewage that goes beyond the secondary or biological water treatment stage and includes the removal of nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen and a high percentage of suspended solids.
commensialism	Biological interaction between tospecies where one species benefits in terms of fitness while they other experiences no effect on its fitness.
salvage value	The amount received for property retired, less any expenses incurred in connection with the sale or in preparing the property for sale; or, if retained, the amount at which the material recoverable is chargeable to Materials and Supplies, or other appropriate account.
inversion	Generally, a departure from the usual increase or decrease in an atmospheric property with altitude
direct installation program	DSM program in which the utility directly installs DSM measures within customers homes or businesses.
isobath	A contour of equal depth in a body of water, represented on a bathymetric chart.
bs&w	Bottom sediment and water, usually expressed as a percentage by weight
third quarter	25.4900
pretreatment	processes used to reduce, eliminate, or alter the nature of wastewater pollutants from non-domestic sources before they are discharged into publicly owned treatment works (POTWs).
aerobic	Life or processes that require, or are not destroyed by, the presence of oxygen.
genetic diversity	Genetic variability found in a population of a species or all of the populations of a species
delta	an area of sediment deposition at a river's mouth.
sunrise	Moment of time when the Sun's edge first appears above the Earth's horizon.
nuclear waste	Radioactive substances generated at different stages of the nuclear fuel cycle, which are considered to have no further potential use.
after-cooling	The process of cooling a compressed air or gas immediately after compression.
frontolysis	The process in which a front dissipates
lewp	An acronym for Line Echo Wave Pattern.
flattie/flatty	1
hydrogen sulphide	A gaseous compound, H2S, of sulphur and hydrogen commonly found in petroleum which causes the foul smell of sour petroleum fractions
interruptible service	Low priority service offered to customers under schedules or contracts which anticipate and permit interruption on short notice, generally in peak-load seasons, by reason of the claim of firm service customers and higher priority users
perigee	The point in the Moon's orbit where it is closest to the Earth.
suspended	the state of floating in water rather than being dissolved in it
sealed burners	Gas burners that are sealed to prevent spillovers from reaching the burner box.
cambrian period	The interval of geologic time between 545 and 495 million years ago.
midstream or middle distillates	Products produced in the middle range of the crude oil refining process which include kerosene, kerosene-based jet fuel, home heating fuel, and diesel fuel.
heart in boots	(to have one's...) to be low in morale; be depressed in spirit.
known change adjustments	See ANNUALIZATION.
point velocity	velocity measured at a single point in the water column of flowing water
half-life	Time required for one half of the nuclei in a radioisotope to emit its radiation
unconfined aquifer	An aquifer which has no confining layers above it, so that the water table is exposed to atmospheric pressure and forms the upper boundary of the aquifer.
gasification	The conversion of carbonaceous material into gas or the extraction of gas from another fuel.
seismic	Shaking displacement usually caused by an earthquake.
securities act of 1934	Established the Securities and Exchange Commission which regulates the activities of securities markets and their offering requirements.
heifer paddock	1
test-well contribution	An agreement to pay the owner of an adjacent tract for a portion of the cost of drilling an exploratory well on his property.
mist	A visible aggregate of minute water particles suspended in the atmosphere that reduces visibility to less than 7 statue miles, but greater than or equal to 5/8 statue miles.
demand meters	A device which indicates or records the instantaneous, maximum or integrated (over a specified period) demand.
waterflooding	The injection of water into an oil reservoir to “push” additional oil out of the reservoir rock and into the wellbores of producing wells.
lp gas	See LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG).
order of australia	on February 14, 1975, the Order of Australia was established as an Australian society of honour for the purpose of according recognition to Australian citizens and other persons for achievement or for meritorious service
branch connection	The junction of one pipe with another, often a header.
metamorphic rock	A rock that forms from the recrystallization of igneous, sedimentary or other metamorphic rocks through pressure increase, temperature rise, or chemical alteration.
oxbow lake	a U-shaped water body formed when a meander bend is cut off from the mainstem of a river or stream to create a lake.
viscoelasticity	The tendency of plastics to respond to stress as if they were a combination of viscous liquids and elastic solids.
dew point	The temperature at which a liquid starts to seperate out of a gas when it is cooled.
cyanobacteria	Bacteria that have the ability to photosynthesize.
hydraulic mean depth	The right cross-sectional area of a stream of water divided by the length of that part of its periphery in contact with its containing conduit; the ratio of area to wetted perimeter
ex parte communications	Off-the-record communication between any party to a proceeding before the Commission and any Commissioner, his or her staff, or any employee of the Commission.
low priority users	An interruptible, industrial customer that has the ability to switch to an alternate fuel.
ba'het	In Egyptian mythology, goddess of wealth and abundance.
daily drilling report	A record made each day of the operations on a working drilling rig and, traditionally, phoned, faxed, emailed, or radioed in to the office of the drilling company and possibly the operator every morning
ceilometer	A device used to evaluate the height of clouds or the vertical visibility into a surface-based obscuration.
cast iron pipe	Pipe made of pouring molten iron into molds.
deh	Department of the Environment and Heritage
esturine waters	Deepwater tidal habitats and tidal wetlands that are usually enclosed by land but have access to the ocean and are at least occasionally diluted by freshwater runoff from the land (such as bays, mouths of rivers, salt marshes, lagoons).
gibson desert	a vast, dry region of red sandhills and desert grass
meteor shower	an event where a large number of meteors enter the Earth's atmosphere from the same direction in space at nearly the same time
isotope	one of two or more atoms having the same number of protons in its nucleus, but a different number of neutrons and, therefore, a different mass.
wellhead	The equipment used to maintain surface control of a well.
outer continental shelf	The submerged lands extending from 3 miles offshore to some undefined outer limit, usually a depth of 200 meters
permeability	The property of a rock which indicates the presence of flow channels within the rock
anion	a negatively charged ion
sample and hold	The process of sampling (measuring) the signal strength at a particular point in space (i.e., at a range gate).
ratified sales contract	A contract that shows both you and the seller of the house have agreed to your offer
conference of parties	Conference of Parties to the UNFCCC
humidity	The amount of water vapour in the air.
bbl	Barrel = 159 litres or 35 imperial gallons
sorbent	A material which extracts one or more substances present in an atmosphere or mixture of gases or liquids with which it is in contact due to an affinity for such substances.
waves	ISOBATH: Line connecting points of equal WATER DEPTH on a chart; a seabed contour.
varve	A thin yearly deposit of sediment found on the bottom of a lake
grout	A sealing material of cement or bentonite (swelling clay) used to create a sanitary seal in the annular space above the filter pack to prevent surficial contaminants from entering the well.
half-life	The time it takes for one-half of a given amount of a radioactive isotope to decay to a stable daughter product.
reference plane	See chart datum.
halide	a binary compound constructed of two parts, one halogen atom and one element or radical that has a electronegative value less than the halogen.
buoyancy force	In a fluid with vertical density variation, the buoyancy force is the difference between the weight of an initial infinitessimal volume of fluid with the weight of a a fluid parcel of the same volume displaced to same location.
sample log	A record of rock cuttings made as a well is being drilled
downstream	The oil industry term used to refer to all petroleum activities from the processing of refining crude oil into petroleum products to the distribution, marketing, and shipping of the products
brunt-vaisala frequency	See buoyancy frequency.
under-balanced drilling	Drilling under conditions where the pressure being exerted inside the wellbore (from the drilling fluids) is less than the pressure of the oil or gas in the formation.
pump	- A device that is installed inside or on a production string (tubing) that lifts liquids to the surface.
cloud droplets	the tiny liquid pieces of water that many clouds are made of
precipitate	(verb) The process that separates solid from a solution
degree of limitation	Applies to the Land Use Capability Classes, and expresses the relative limitations to sustained use, from Class 1 to Class 8.
srh	An acronym for Storm-relative Helicity.
libor	London Interbank Offered Rate
torque	The turning force that is applied to a shaft or other rotary mechanism to cause it to rotate or tend to do so
remember	use caution with (one's) speech; speak politely; not swear or use vulgar language.
topset bed	A horizontal sedimentary bed formed at the top of a delta and overlying the foreset beds.
dry floodproofing	A dry floodproofed building is sealed against floodwaters
cathedral termite	Nasutitermes triodiae live in termitariums, large and complex structures built by over a million individuals within a rigid social structure
weevil	An unglamorous adjective (or noun) used to describe a “green” hand anyone new and uninitiated, especially to the mechanical operations of an oil rig.
repeat section	A log rerun over a short section of hole, generally 100m, to enable comparison of similarity with the main survey to show instrument stability and repeatability.
rain shield	It is a solid or nearly solid area of rain that typically becomes heavier as one approaches the eye of the hurricane
load management	A method of controlling electrical demand by switching off equipment, or moving demand from one time period to another.
discovery	Part of the ratemaking process, after a rate or other filing and after suspension by the Commission which orders a hearing, where parties including the filing company can, through requests for data, obtain more information about the (rate) filing and the particular issues set for hearing.
record report	This nonroutine narrative product is issued by the National Weather Service to report meteorological and hydrological events that equal or exceed existing records.
eureka stockade uprising	the legendary uprising of diggers (1854) over the expense of a miner's licence, and their lack of representation in the Legislative Council
frost point	Is the temperature at which water vapor saturates from an air mass into solid usually forming snow or frost
venturi	An increase in the velocity of a fluid or gas due to the constriction of flow.
perched water table	A zone in the soil where, due to an impermeable layer such as a fragipan, water is unable to percolate downwards and the water table is said to be ‘perched’ above the impermeable layer of soil.
oligotrophic lake	Lake with a low supply of nutrients in its waters
interest rate	The percentage of loan amount borrowed which is charged by the lender for use of the money
organotins	chemical compounds used in antifoulant paints to protect the hulls of boats and ships, buoys, and pilings from marine organisms such as barnacles.
well monitoring	The measurement, by on-site instruments or laboratory methods, of the quality of water in a well.
spatial isolation	Reproductive isolation of two or more populations of a species by distance or physical barriers
ampere	The unit of measurement of electrical current produced in a circuit by 1 volt acting through a resistance of 1 ohm
backwashing	reversing the flow of water through a home treatment device filter or membrane to clean and remove deposits.
weighted cost	A combination of Actual Cost and Fair Value in rate base determination
virgin flow	the streamflow which exists or would exist if man had not modified the conditions on or along the stream or in the drainage basin.
hydropower	electrical energy produced by falling water.
waterlogging	Periods of soil anaerobic conditions after rain or flooding
gin	an Aboriginal woman.
nitrogen fixation	Biological or chemical process where gaseous nitrogen is converted into solid forms of nitrogen
optic nerve	1
evaporite	Type of sedimentary rock that is formed from the concentration of dissolved salts through evaporation.
distributor	A wholesaler of gasoline and other petroleum products
stipper oil well	A well that is barely profitable, generally capable of producing less than 10 barrels of oil per day.
scrays	Footscray VFL football team.
runoff	surface water entering rivers, freshwater lakes, or reservoirs.
eistla	In Norse mythology, a giantess.
strategic load growth	A targeted increase in end-use consumption during certain time periods or among certain customer types
relative humidity	the ratio of the amount of moisture in the air to the maximum amount of moisture the air could hold under the same conditions; usually expressed as a percentage
aquiclude	a formation which, although porous and capable of absorbing water slowly, will not transmit water fast enough to furnish an appreciable supply for a well or a spring.
soil erodibility	An indicator of a soil's susceptibility to raindrop impact, runoff, and other eroding processes.
clearing accounts	Accounts used for the accumulation of expenses which cannot be equitably distributed at the time of the charge
leachate collection system	a system that gathers leachate and pumps it to the surface for treatment.
engine-driver	the driver of an engine, especially a railway locomotive.
manifold	The conduit of an appliance which supplies gas to the individual burners
kilometer	A unit of length equal to 1,000 meters, or .62 miles.
water table	The level below the earth's surface at which the ground becomes saturated with water
lavinia	In Virgil's Aeneid, a beautiful woman who became the wife of Aeneus
rdb	See Red Data Books.
sponge	A mixture of iron oxide and wood shavings for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from gas.
drilling rig	The equipment used to bore into the earth. There are two types of drilling rigs:
salt cavern	a cavern constructed within a soluble rock formation, commonly rock salt, by circulating fresh water in a controlled manner for the purposes of creating an underground hydrocarbon storage chamber.
ozone hole	Is a sharp seasonal decrease in stratospheric ozone concentration that occurs over Antarctica in the spring
flood crest	The Maximum height of a flood wave as it passes a location.
26.5800	20.8700
meter index	That part of a meter which indicates the volume of gas passed through the meter.
mozambique current	That portion of the Agulhas current north of 30 degrees along the east coast of Africa.
devil's pins	Hovea pungens, flowering in the winter months, this plant splashes the forest with vibrant blues and purples and is often associated with the gold of the wattles
minor tidal overflow	Minor flooding caused by high tides that results in little if any damage.
devil's own luck	unusually good luck or fortune.
receptor	A location (usually a property) which is affected by an impact.
water purveyor	a public utility, mutual water company, county water district, or municipality that delivers drinking water to customers.
'ghan town	(see: Afghan Town).
cumulus cloud	Puffy clouds with relatively flat bases
inverted snob	reverse snob.
casing	Steel pipe which screws together and is lowered into the hole after drilling is complete
held by production	Refers to an oil and gas property under lease, in which the lease continues to be in force, because of production from the property.
leak clamp	A clamp used to press and hold tight a gasket against a leaking section of pipe or pipe joint to seal the leak.
ancraophobia	The fear of the wind
particulate matter	Particles of dust, soot, salt, sulfate compounds, pollen, or other particles suspended in the atmosphere.
dynamic range	The ratio, usually expressed in decibels, of the maximum to the minimum signal that a system can handle
red-legged pademelon	Thylogale stigmatica, a small, solitary macropod which feeds on a variety of fruits, leaves and fungi, from late afternoon through to early morning
spudding in	The very beginning of drilling operations of a well
united method	A classification method that allocates 25% of fixed costs to the demand component and 75% to the commodity component of the rate.
giggle	(a...) an amusing situation, person or occasion: e.g., The meeting was a bit of a giggle.
glut	An excess of supply over demand
granite	Coarse-grained hard igneous rock that has crystallised deep below the earth's surface
thermal low	Area of low pressure in the atmosphere caused by the area having cooler temperatures relative to the air around it.
salt water disposal well	A well into which oilfield salt water is disposed.
taxi doors	pertaining to unattractive, large ears.
federal energy regulatory commission	An
didn't touch the sides	(of a drink such as beer, tea) wasn't sufficient to quench the thirst, desire.
continental slope	Steeply sloping portion of continental crust found between the continental shelf and continental rise.
biome	Large, easily recognized community unit formed by the interaction of regional climates with regional biota and substrates
flippers	the hands.
updraft base	Alternate term for a rain-free base.
scratches	matches.
upstream industry	Those operations within the industry to the point where the produced resource is metered into the transportation system
permanent set	Any deformation in a piece of plastic (or metal) which remains after the removal of the load which caused the deformation.
lunar day	tidal difference
hydrocarbons	Any organic compound containing only hydrogen and carbon
dicey	1
counter-offer	An offer made in return by the person who rejects the previous offer.
contesting party	A party (staff, a customer, or other interested party) that does not support a stipulation and agreement or settlement in a rate or other proceeding, and prefers to take the case to hearing
dickory dock	(rhyming slang) cock; clock.
kirchhoff vortex	An idealized vortex in unbounded fluid with uniform vorticity inside an elliptical patch and zero vorticity outside
twister	In the United States, a colloquial terms for a tornado.
options contract	A contract that gives the purchaser the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell the underlying commodity at a certain price on or before an agreed date.
scarification	Extensive movements of soil, sediment, and rock material caused by humans.
effective porosity	The ratio, usually expressed as a percentage, of the volume of water or other liquid which a given saturated volume of rock or soil will yield under any specified hydraulic condition, to the given volume of soil or rock.
bonus money	Paid to a landowner or other holder of mineral rights by the lessee for the execution of an oil and gas lease in addition to any rental or royalty obligations specified in the lease.
wave period	The time elapsed for a wave to travel the distance of one wavelength.
volatile organic chemicals	Organic chemicals that turn into vapor at relatively low temperatures.
inlet	INSHORE: (1) The region where WAVES are transformed by interaction with the sea bed
give the elbow	dismiss or reject a person unceremoniously, as in nudging aside.
cathode	Negative electrode in an electrolytic system
unit	A fixed measure of investment into a Joint Venture, the number of units offered is determined by each exploration company and project
kicker-line	A small diameter pipeline connected to the inlet side of a sending scraper trap which contains gas pressure exceeding that in the main pipeline for the purpose of propelling a cleaner-scraper into a main gas stream.
fathom curve	Same as isobath.
bed forms	three-dimensional configurations of bed material, which are formed in streambeds by the action of flowing water.
rain gage	any instrument used for recording and measuring time, distribution, and the amount of rainfall.
airborne snow survey program	Center (NOHRSC) program that makes airborne snow water equivalent and soil moisture measurements over large areas of the country that are subject to severe and chronic snowmelt flooding.
cavitation	Process of intense erosion due to the surface collapse of air bubbles found in constricted rapid flows of water
ir	An acronym for Infrared
topographic map	A map that shows natural human-made features of an area using contour lines (lines of equal elevation) to portray the size, shape, and elevation of the features.
humidity	Generally, a measure of the water vapor content of the air
primary fragmentation	The breaking of solid rock into smaller fragments by the initial blast in a mine or quarry so that the bulk of the material is small enough to transport.
environment australia	a part of the Commonwealth Department of the Environment and Heritage
relict	a surviving individual, population, community or species that is characteristic of an earlier period in evolutionary history.
transparency	(Mineralogy) The degree to which light passes through a small piece of a mineral
deepen	To increase the distance below a specified reference datum.
monsoon	A regional scale wind system that predictably change direction with the passing of the seasons
aeration soil	The process by which air in the soil is replaced by air from the atmosphere
trillion	1012
bio-gas	Methane produced by the decomposition or processing of organic matter.
cretaceous	The final period of the Mesozoic era (after the Jurassic and before the Tertiary period of the Cenozoic era), thought to have covered the span of time between 144 and 65 million years ago; also, the corresponding system of rocks
formation	A geological formation is a body of earth material with distinctive and characteristic properties and a degree of homogeneity in its physical properties.
pool	A natural underground reservoir containing an accumulation of oil or gas or both, separated or appearing to be separated from any other accumulation.
isolated	A National Weather Service convective precipitation descriptor for a 10% chance of measurable precipitation (0.01")
reservoir engineering model	Used to predict reservoir behaviour during production to enable selection of most efficient method of recovery.
water hammer	The shock wave or series of waves caused by the resistance of inertia to an abrupt change (acceleration or deceleration) of water flow through a water piping system
tropics	Areas of the Earth within 20°North/South of the Equator.
lending	In a futures market, selling a nearby contract while at the same time buying an equivalent forward contract
metamorphism	The process by which existing rocks of any origin are altered and changed in crystalline form in the solid state by the action of heat and / or increased pressure.
serviettes	table napkins.
seiche	Oscillation of the surface of an enclosed body of water owing to earthquake shaking.
peak hour	The one-hour period of greatest total gas sendout or use.
tropical cyclone	It is a warm-core low pressure system which is non-frontal
knuckle-duster	metal guard wrapped around the fist as a weapon in fighting.
envirofund	the local action component of the Australian government's $3 billion Natural Heritage Trust
itchy palm	having a desire for money; greed; avarice.
global warming	The rising average temperature of earth's atmosphere and oceans and its projected continuation
dew point	the temperature at which the air becomes saturated with water vapor
temperature	Temperature is defined as the measure of the average speed of atoms and molecules
intertidal zone	The area of coastline between the low tide mark and high tide mark that is inundated by the sea twice a day
humorum	Mare Humorum - Latin for "Sea of Humors" or "Sea of Moisture".
environmental impact statement	An Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is prepared if the project assessment process indicates that there is a likelihood of significant environmental impact. The EIS shows how those impacts will be managed.
pooling point	The place where natural gas is aggregated from many receipt points to serve a number of contracts without tying a particular receipt point to a particular contract.
nri	Net Revenue Interest. That percent of the production revenue allocated to the working interest after first deducting proceeds allocated to royalty and overriding interest.
gallon	A unit of volume
crude oil	Unrefined petroleum or liquid petroleum.
rotary current	A tidal current that flows continually with the direction of flow changing through all points of the compass during the tidal period
convective instability	An instability due to the buoyancy force of heavy fluid over light fluid overcoming the stabilizing influence of viscous forces.
operating expense	The expenses incurred through the operation of producing properties.
connate water	The water present in a petroleum reservoir in the same zone occupied by oil and gas considered by some to be the residue of the primal sea, connate water occurs as a film of water around each grain of sand in granular reservoir rock and is held in place by capillary attraction.
arctic high	A very cold high pressure that originates over the Arctic Ocean.
net revenue interest	That percent of the production revenue allocated to the working interest after first deducting proceeds allocated to royalty and overriding interest.
lowland flooding	Inundation of low areas near the river, often rural, but may also occur in urban areas.
spring	A natural discharge of groundwater at the land surface.
cold vapor	method to test water for the presence of mercury.
vadose zone	the zone between land surface and the water table where the moisture content is less than saturation (except in the capillary fringe) and pressure is less than atmospheric
msds	Material safety data sheet
lakeshore statement	The local National Weather Service Offices with Great Lakes responsibility will issue this product to alert the public when their is either a potential or actual reports of minor Great Lakes lakeshore flooding and erosion
dehydro-genation	A process by which propylene is made from propane.
hertz	abbreviated Hz
time meridian	A meridian used as a reference for time.
sectorized hybrid scan	A single reflectivity scan composed of data from the lowest four elevation scans
alluvial soil	A fine-grained, fertile soil deposited by water flowing over flood plains or in river beds
hook	On a drilling rig, a large, hook-shaped device from which the elevator bails or the swivel is suspended
popcorn	A term given to gnarled, bulbous, or pointed cave formations that form either from slow seeping of mineralized water from porous bedrock or as coatings on submerged walls and floors
due diligence	In an offering of securities, certain parties who are responsible for the accuracy of the offering document, have an obligation to perform a “due diligence” examination of the issuer; issuer’s counsel, underwriter of the security, brokerage firm handling the sale of the security
tidal current	Regional scale ocean current that is created the tidal rise and fall of the ocean surface.
relief	The range of topographic elevation within a specific area.
radius of influence	the radial distance from the center of a wellbore to the point where there is no lowering of the water table or potentiometric surface; the edge of the cone of depression.
orbit	the path of an object that is moving around a second object or point.
drainage reuse	reuse of agricultural drainage on salt-tolerant crops.
breakout	A sudden breakout of prices from a chart pattern that has been forming for some time
encke	Johann Franz Encke (1791-1865) German astronomer at the Seeberg Observatory, Switzerland
dated brent	Brent cargoes are known as dated Brent cargoes once they acquire a specific set of loading dates, usually at a point about two weeks from loading
alienation	The voluntary transfer of real property from one person to another.
erosion	A process in which rocks are worn away by mechanical action (associated with water, wind, ice or gravity).
acceptance test	An investigation performed on an individual lot of a previously qualified product (e.g., plastic pipe) by, or under the observation of, the purchaser to establish conformity with a purchase agreement stipulating specified requirements.
urban flash flood guidance	A specific type of flash flood guidance which estimates the average amount of rain needed over an urban area during a specified period of time to initiate flooding on small, ungaged streams in the urban area.
give a blast	berate, scold, admonish (someone).
trajectory	the path of a moving body through space or the atmosphere.
proton	A sub-particle of an atom that contains a positive charge.
bioassay	a test to determine the relative strength of a substance by comparing its effect on a test organism with that of a standard preparation.
transport	One of three distinct processes involved in erosion
diffuse ice	Poorly defined ice edge limiting an area of dispersed ice; usually on the leeward side of an area of floating ice.
zero gas	Gas at atmospheric pressure.
dredging	The scooping, or suction of underwater material from a harbor, or waterway
homeowner's insurance	A policy that protects you and the lender from fire or flood, which damages the structure of the house; a liability, such as an injury to a visitor to your home; or damage to your personal property, such as your furniture, clothes or appliances.
draft hood	A device built into an appliance, or made a part of the flue or vent connector from an appliance, which is designed to (a) assure the ready escape of the products of combustion from the combustion chamber in the event of no draft, back draft, or stoppage beyond the draft hood; (b) prevent a back draft from entering the combustion chamber of the appliance; and (c) neutralize the effect of stack action of the chimney or gas vent upon the operation of the appliance.
p-wave	A seismic wave that moves material in push-pull fashion in the direction of its travel
lignite	A soft, brown coal showing traces of plant structure
glaciation	A collective term for the geologic processes of glacial activity, including erosion and deposition, and the resulting effects of such action on the Earth's surface.
vacuum pan	An airtight container used to produce granulated water softener salt using a process involving the evaporation of brine-turned-to-steam in a partial vacuum.
waste	The part of an ore deposit that is too low grade to be of economic value at the time of mining, but which may be stored separately for possible treatment later.
ephemeris	a table of data arranged by date
environmental indicator	a measurement, statistic or value that provides evidence of the effects of environmental management programs or of the state or condition of the environment.
load dispatching	See DISPATCHING.
authorization for expenditure	An estimate of the costs of drilling and completing a proposed well, which the operator provides to each working-interest owner before the well is drilled
soil type	The basic unit of soil mapping, a unique combination of chemical, physical, biological, and mineralogical characteristics and site features
gravity structures	Either concrete or hybrid (concrete base and steel legs and superstructure) structures that due to weight rest on seabed or piled into it.
hard water	water containing a high level of calcium, magnesium, and other minerals
mega-nopr	When the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) issued a Notice Of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR) wherein it served notice of its intention to totally restructure the natural gas industry, the NOPR was referred to as the "Mega" NOPR because of its scope.
flume	a natural or artificially made channel that diverts water.
well	A bored, drilled, or driven shaft, or a dug hole, whose depth is greater than the largest surface dimension and whose purpose is to reach underground water supplies or oil, or to store or bury fluids below ground.
burst strength	The internal pressure required to cause a pipe or fitting to fail
permeability	the ability of a water bearing material to transmit water
single cell thunderstorm	This type of thunderstorm develops in weak vertical wind shear environments
aeration	Presence of air-filled space in the soil profile
peanut factory	mental asylum.
levees	dikes or other embankments which contain water within a given course
epping forest national park	established in 1971 to protect the last population of northern hairy-nosed wombats
summer	Season between spring and fall
king william pine	the coniferous tree Athrotaxis selaginoides of Tasmania.
coastal zone	Relatively nutrient-rich, shallow part of the ocean that extends from the high-tide mark on land to the edge of the continental shelf.
continental shelf	The part of the continental margin from the coastal shore to the continental slope; usually extending to a depth of about 200 meters and with a very slight slope, roughly 0.1 degrees; includes continental and oceanic sediments down to the ocean floor.
customer density	Number of customers in a given unit or area or on a given length of distribution line.
tasmanian aboriginal lands council	(TALC) is committed to the preservation of Aboriginal culture and heritage
over	(cricket) six deliveries by a bowler.
currencies	The following are standard abbreviations used by Platts.Currency Standard Telex Print US Dollar $ USD Cents cts ý Yen Yen ý Australian dollar A$ AUD Singapore dollar S$ S-DLR Canadian dollar C$ CAN Hong Kong dollar HK$ HKD Euro EUR British Pound GBP ý French franc FFr Swiss Franc SFr Belgian Franc BFr Deutschmark/Mark DM Spanish peseta PTA Dutch guilder NLG Norwegian Krone NOK Danish Krone DKr Swedish Krone SKr Finnish Markka FIM European Currency Unit ECU Italian lire ITL Greek drachma DRA Austrian schilling SCH Portuguese escudo ESC Malaysian ringgit MR Rubles Rb UAE Dirham DHNot abbreviated: Baht Thailand Bolivar Crown Czech Republic, Slovakia Dinars Kuwait, Iraq Dram Armenia Egyptian Pounds Forint Hungary Hryvnya Ukraine Irish Punt Kwacha Zambia Manat Azerbaijan Peso Rand Real Riyals Saudi Arabia, Oman, Iran Rupee India Rupiah Indonesia Shekel Israel Som Several former Soviet Union Muslim republics Tenge Kazakstan Turkish Lira Won S
floodplain	The low relief lands bordering a stream or river, common to the mature and old age stages of stream development
negative feedback	Change in the state of a system that counteracts the measured effect of the initial alteration.
turning point	A temporary point whose elevation is determined by additions and subtractions of backsights and foresights respectively.
sandstone	A sedimentary rock in which more than 50 percent of its particles are sand-sized (0.002–0.08 inches in diameter)
27.6900	22.6500
aerial oversowing and topdressing	The application of fertiliser and seed from aircraft.
stroke	The maximum distance that the plunger moves when the handle is moved.
risk	Literally: 'the possibility of loss or injury'
gross sediment transport	The total amount of sediment transported along a shoreline in a specific time period.
castle	the stumps in cricket.
farm tap	A small meter station off of a transmission line usually to serve one customer.
solubility	the amount of mass of a compound that will dissolve in a unit volume of solution.
freezing rain	A type of precipitation
kiss the dust	(see: lick the dust).
on balance volume	OBV is a momentum indicator relating volume to price change
flogger	coloured streamers on a stick.
sulfate aerosol	Type of solid compound commonly found in the atmosphere
cation exchange capacity	The capacity of a soil to exchange cations with the soil solution
wellfield	area containing one or more wells that produce usable amounts of water or oil.
bid price	The price at which a buyer is prepared to buy.
depleted uranium	Uranium where the uranium-235 assay is below the naturally occurring 0.711%
routing	The methods of predicting the attenuation of a flood wave as it moves down the course of a river.
recycling	The repetition of a particular process; the return of a stream or part of a stream to a previous process or location for additional recovery of the desired components.
bust	Slang for an inaccurate forecast or an unsuccessful storm chase; usually a situation in which thunderstorms or severe weather are expected, but do not occur.
infiltration rate	Rate of absorption and downward movement of water into the soil layer.
mostly cloudy	When the predominant/average sky condition is covered by more than half, but not completely covered by opaque (not transparent) clouds
reconnaissance surveys	Quick investigative surveys to gain preliminary information for planning more comprehensive surveys.
estuary	The seaward end or widened funnel-shaped tidal mouth of a river valley where freshwater comes into contact with seawater and where tidal effects are present.
tailrace	The channel that is downstream of the draft tube that carries the water discharged from a turbine
lock-in rate	A written agreement guaranteeing a specific interest rate when your mortgage closes.
dot	Washington State Department of Transportation
superconductor	A material that becomes a perfect conductor of electricity when chilled
recoverable resources	An estimate of resources, including oil and/or natural gas, both proved and undiscovered, that would be economically extractable under specified price-cost relationships and technological conditions.
oblateness	a measure of flattening at the poles of a planet or other celestial body.
topsoil	the top layer of soil; topsoil can grow better crops partly because it has more organic matter (humus), allowing it to hold more water than lower soil layers
warm core low	A low pressure area which is warmer at its center than at its periphery
watt	A metric unit of measurement of the intensity of radiation in Watts over a square meter surface (W/m2 or W m-2).
naturally occuring radioactive materials	All radioactive elements found in the environment, including long-lived radioactive elements such as uranium, thorium, and potassium and any of their decay products, such as radium and radon.
river	A natural stream of water of considerable volume, larger than a brook or creek.
supercritical water	a type of thermal treatment using moderate temperatures and high pressures to enhance the ability of water to break down large organic molecules into smaller, less toxic ones
taf	An acronym for Terminal Aerodrome Forecast
assignment	A transfer to another of rights, interest, or claim in or to real or personal property
voltage	The electrical pressure available to cause a flow of current (amperage) when an electrical circuit is closed.
ground receiver site	A satellite dish and associated computer which receives signals from the GOES satellite, decodes the information, and transmits it to a another site for further processing
graptoloidea	Graptolites were minute individual tube-shaped animals grouped together into colonies called “rhabdosomes,” which frequently look like a single, two-sided jigsaw blade
telescoping points	See POOLING POINT.
water well	any artificial excavation constructed for the purpose of exploring for or producing ground water.
solar noon	Point of time during the day when the Sun is aligned with True North and True South.
settled production	The second phase of production in the producing life of a well.
subsoil	The part of the solum below plow depth.
pressure-decline-curve method	A method of estimating nonassociated gas reserves in reservoirs which do not have a water drive.
playa	A dry lake bed found in a desert.
riser	A large-diameter pipe that connects the subsea BOP stack to a floating surface rig to take mud returns to the surface
compressive strength	The ratio of crushing load at failure to area of minimum original cross section of a specimen.
freezing level	The lowest altitude in the atmosphere, or a given location, at which the air temperatures is 32°F.
settlement rates	Rates accepted by the interested parties which are effective retroactively to the end of the five month suspension period on order of the FERC.
suspended well	A well that has been capped off temporarily.
basis	Another term for the cost of property that is used in computing gain or loss, for federal income tax purposes.
interruptible gas	Gas sold to customers with a provision that permits curtailment or cessation of service at the discretion of the supplier.
tat	tattoo: e.g., He's got tats all over his back.
send broke	to cause (someone) to run out of money: e.g., The way hubby spends on the pokies, it's sending us broke.
field	An area consisting of a single reservoir or multiple reservoirs all grouped on, or related to, the same individual geological structural feature or stratigraphic condition
artesian zone	a zone where water is confined in an aquifer under pressure so that the water will rise in the well casing or drilled hole above the bottom of the confining layer overlying the aquifer.
dewy-eyed	1
deviated well	A well drilled at an angle from vertical.
fernland [lcdb2 classification]	Areas of dominant bracken fern (Pteridium esculentum), umbrella fern (Gleichenia), and ring fern (Paesia scaberula).
parallel	A line parallel to the equator and connecting all places of the same latitude.
left in the lurch	abandoned in time of need, especially by a friend or lover.
completion	The process of finishing a well so that it is ready to produce gas.
ph	A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a soil.
scotchman's drawback	to sit in the path of and inhale smoke from another's cigarette.
tidal datum	A reference level from which heights and depths are measured
exploration well	Well drilled in unproven territory
allotment	Authorization by the head of an agency to subordinates to incur financial obligations up to a specified amount
system type - main.	The network of distribution piping to which customers' service lines are attached
aboriginal protectorate	a legal scheme under which Protectors (of Aborigines) in different States controlled their individual Aboriginal populations, as they saw fit
take-or-pay liabilities	The liabilities incurred by many pipelines under contractual obligation to pay for volumes of gas they were unable to take because of reduced sales and lack of market demand
heat of vaporization	the amount of heat necessary to convert a liquid (water) into vapor.
experimental scheme	Subject to B.C
comet	seen as a light-giving body having a bright head and a luminous tail moving through space under the gravitational influence of the Sun
mangrove [lcdb2 classification]	Mangrove (Avicenna officinalis) communities found on estuarine mudflats and tidal creeks in the upper North Island northward of latitude 38°.
available moisture	Portion of water in a soil that can be absorbed by plant roots
two-tailed statistical test	Is an inferential statistical test where the values for which one can reject the null hypothesis are located either side of the center of the probability distribution.
back-fire	See FLASH BACK.
glow-worm tunnel	an abandoned railway line within the Wollemi National Park, now inhabited by glow worms
premium	An additional amount agreed between buyer and seller over and above an existing benchmark
contiguous	Touching at some point or along a boundary.
bridle	The cable link between the “horsehead” and the pump rod on a pumping unit.
rate case	A proceeding before a regulatory commission involving the rates to be charged for a public utility service.
nitrate	an inorganic nitrogen compound
sial layer	The part of the crust that forms the continents and is composed of relatively light, granitic rocks.
collar cloud	A generally circular ring of cloud that may be observed on rare occasions surrounding the upper part of a wall cloud
potential energy	Is the energy that a body possesses by virtue of its position and that is potentially transformable into another form of energy.
mountain breeze	Local thermal circulation pattern found in areas of topographic relief
pentachorophenol	toxic substance usually used as a wood preservative.
dielectric constant	The ratio of the capacity of a condenser with given dielectric and the capacity of the same condenser with a vacuum as a dielectric.
cell	Convection in the form of a single updraft, downdraft, or updraft/downdraft couplet, typically seen as a vertical dome or tower as in a cumulus or towering cumulus cloud
priory	A monastery governed by a prior or a convent governed by a prioress.
elastic rebound theory	Theory that describes how earthquakes arise from the horizontal movement of adjacent tectonic plates along a linear strike-slip fault
doh	Washington State Department of Health
velocity	A vector that denotes both the speed and direction a body is moving.
earthquake	The violent oscillatory motion of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves radiating from a fault along which sudden movement has taken place.
scree	The transport and accumulation of coarse, fragmented rock debris on slopes as a result of weathering and gravitational movement.
scone-gropers	young children.
produced water	The water extracted from the subsurface along with produced oil and gas, including water from the reservoir, water that has been injected into the formation, and any chemicals added during the production/treatment process.
non-associated gas	Natural gas produced from a reservoir that does not contain significant quantities of crude oil.
water availability model	a numerical surface water flow model used to determine the availability of surface water for water right permitting.
cdm	See Clean Development Mechanism.
drill pipe	High grade steel pipe providing the closed flow system, through which torque is transmitted from the surface to the drill collars and therefore to the drill bit for rotation, in conventional rotary drilling
pass in marble	1
dual doppler	The use of two Doppler radars to measure two different radial velocities; with some math, these two radial wind components can be synthesized to a spatial distribution of fully 2-D (horizontal) winds.
vgo	Vacuum gasoil, also known as catfeed
turbidity current	A highly turbid, sediment-rich dense current which moves rapidly along the bottom of standing water until it loses its energy.
supply	a schedule that shows the various quantities of things offered for sale at various prices at a point in time
o/r	Operating rate.
community	Refers to all the populations of interacting species found in a specific area or region at a certain time.
arbitration	A process where disputes are settled by referring them to an impartial third party (arbitrator) chosen by the disputing parties who agree in advance to abide by the decision of the arbitrator
banjo	1
transducer	A device for converting energy from one form to another, specifically called the measurement of pressure differential in natural gas gate stations.
seismic exploration	A method of exploring for oil or gas by sending shock waves into the earth
isostacy	The buoyant condition of the Earth's crust floating in the asthenosphere
ocs	A gently sloping underwater plain that extends seaward from the coast.
aaus	Assigned Amount Units: National level greenhouse gas emission allowances established under the Kyoto Protocol
friable	A soil consistence term relating to the ease of crumbling of soils.
ash flow	A turbulent mixture of gas and rock fragments most of which are ash-sized particles ejected violently from a crater or fissure
auxiliary devices	Devices used with a meter to provide an adjustment of the meter reading to permit obtaining special information, or to transmit information to a remote location.
valley	A linear depression in the landscape that slopes down to a stream, lake or the ocean
convector	An agency of convection
gas supply coordinator	A representative of a company assigned the task of managing the operations under Transportation, Sales or Purchase Service agreements
nonthreshold pollutant	substance or condition harmful to a particular organism at any level or concentration.
acoustic log	Record of time taken by a sound wave to travel over a certain distance through geological formations.
accretion	(a) The process by which the terrestrial planets grew, increasing their mass by gradually accumulating smaller bodies, called planetesimals.
'er indoors	a man's wife
equilibrium	Equilibrium describes the average condition of a system, as measured through one of its elements or attributes, over a specific period of time.
undercurrent	In oceanography, a water current flowing beneath a surface current at a different speed or in a different direction.
percentage of proceeds sales	Rather than receiving a specified price for raw gas delivered to a gas processing plant, a producer may instead receive a specified price for residue gas and a percentage of the plant proceeds from the sale of the extracted natural gas liquids.
pressure gradient force	Force due to spatial differences in atmospheric pressure
swaling	A historic practice of land management, particularly on heaths and moors, where gorse and scrub is burned on annual cycles
current difference	Difference between the time of slack water (or minimum current) or strength of current in any locality and the time of the corresponding phase of the tidal current at a reference station, for which predictions are given in the Tidal Current Tables.
erosion	The wearing away of a surface by natural process such as lava flow, bombardment, wind, water, or other mechanisms.
ionizing radiation	The emission of alpha or beta particles or gamma rays from radioisotopes
control points	Horizontal and Vertical: Small monuments securely embedded in the surface of the dam
fly under false colours	deceive by misrepresentation of one's self, position, ability, intentions, etc.
graupel	Small pellets of ice created when supercooled water droplets coat, or rime, a snowflake
vaisala frequency	See buoyancy frequency.
seismic exploration	A method of prospecting for oil or gas by sending shock waves into the earth
rossby radius	See Rossby deformation radius.
secondary recovery	The first improved recovery method of any type applied to a reservoir to produce oil not recoverable by primary recovery methods
basalt	A dark colored fine grained igneous rock formed from mafic magma.
gps	Global positioning system
columnar ice	Ice consisting of columnar shaped grain
nepc	National Environmental Protection Council
bunker "c" fuel oil	A heavy residual fuel oil used by ships, industry, and for large scale heating installations
water regain	SEE water retention.
indinji	one of three main tribes that lived in Far North Queensland and had come in from the tropical rainforests to live on missions in the Central Desert region, particularly the Warburton Mission
affiliated entities test	A test to determine if the amount paid for gas to an affiliate exceeds the amount paid in comparable first sales between non-affiliated entities.
station meter	A meter of high capacity for measuring the output of a gas plant or pipeline delivery station.
infiltration rate	The rate at which water permeates the pores or interstices of the ground.
spr	Strategic Petroleum Reserve in the US.
isothermal process	Any thermodynamic change of state of a system that takes place at constant temperature.
allocation-supplies	The process by which supply is assigned to purchasers in accordance with a given priority during periods when total sales requests exceed the seller's total supply.
base metal	Any non-precious, non-minor metal (eg copper, lead, zinc, nickel, etc)
transportation	The act of moving gas from a designated receipt point to a designated delivery point pursuant to the terms of a contract between the transporter and the shipper
electronic data transfer	The computer-to-computer exchange of data for business transactions.
fusion	a process where nuclei collide so fast they stick together and emit a great deal of energy
umhos	micromhos-standard unit used to define conductance
effluent seepage	Diffuse discharge of ground water to the ground surface.
storm track	The path that a low pressure area follows.
flannel	nonsense; flattery.
sales refund objective	A provision included in many prior settlements, and often examined by Staff, that if actual volumes exceed an agreed level during the period of time the rates are in effect, the pipeline agrees to refund the fixed costs received in the commodity rate
isolated storm	An individual cell or a group of cells that are identifiable and separate from other cells in a geographic area.
head race	A channel which directs water to a water wheel; a forebay.
mineral	Any natural resource extracted from the earth for human use; e.g., ores, salts, coal, or petroleum.
escalator clause	A clause in a purchase or sales contract that permits adjustment of price or profit, under specific conditions.
graticular block	A one-minute graticular block is approximately 300 hectares. A five-minute graticular block is approximately 7,300 hectares. These measures are approximate because the size of a graticular block varies depending on the latitude of its location.
ripper	A tractor fitted with a hooked tine which is forced into the ground hydraulically to break it up as the tractor moves forward.
high btu oil-gas process	A manufactured gas process in which oil is converted into a fuel gas having a higher heating value than that of coal gas or carbureted water gas
julian date	the interval of time in days and fraction of a day since 1 January 4713 BC, Greenwich noon.
location	See "claim." Also, the process of claiming or appropriating a parcel of mineral land.
continental platform	The zone that includes both the continental shelf or continental borderland and the continental slope .
outsize	1
fusulinid	Tiny, single-celled marine animals that became extinct at the end of the Permian Period
native pasture	Grasslands dominated by poa tussock, fescue tussock, snowgrass, and red tussock, and native grasses such as danthonia and fescue, and various small herbaceous plants
national flood summary	This product contains nationwide information on current flood conditions
landfall	The coastline location where a tropical storm or hurricane moves from ocean onto land.
polar jet stream	Relatively fast uniform winds concentrated within the upper atmosphere in a narrow band
oxygen	A gas which forms about 21%, by volume, of the atmosphere
c7	Heptane
groundwater	Water present below the water table in small, often microscopic, interconnected pore spaces between grains of soil, sand and/or gravel, and in open fractures and/or solution channels in rock.
roll crushers	Size reduction machines which feed rock between two counter-rotating steel cylinders or rolls and use a combination of impact compression and shearing action to break the rock into smaller particles
mafic	A term used to describe mineral or igneous rocks that are rich in iron and/or magnesium
waa	An acronym for Warm Air Advection.
salinity	The concentration of ions in solution (sodium, potassium, chloride, sulphate, etc.)
stripper gas well	A gas well that produces an average of less than 60,000 cubic feet of gas per day.
rur	Russian Rouble
difluence	A pattern of wind flow in which air moves outward (in a "fan-out" pattern) away from a central axis that is oriented parallel to the general direction of the flow
oligocene epoch	The interval of geologic time between approximately 33.7 and 23.8 million years ago.
normal recovery capacity	Amount of water in U.S
olefins	Class of double-bonded aliphatic hydrocarbons made by cracking naphtha, LPG or gasoil at high temperatures
assignment	In oil and gas usage, assignment is a transfer of a property or an interest in an oil or gas property; most commonly, the transfer of an oil or gas lease
low-residue crops	Such crops as corn used for silage, peas, beans, and potatoes
infiltration capacity curve	A graph showing the time-variation of infiltration capacity
ophelia	In William Shakespeare's Hamlet, the daughter of Polonius and deserted lover of Hamlet.
terrestrial planet	"A planet similar in size and composition to the Earth; especially Mars, Earth, Venus, and Mercury
unsaturated zone	The zone between the land surface and the water table
barmy	full of barm (the froth formed on fermenting liquor), i.e
see out	to outlive (someone).
indicator tests	tests for a specific contaminant, group of contaminants, or constituent which signals the presence of something else (ex., coliforms indicate the presence of pathogenic bacteria).
water quality	description of the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water, usually in regard to its suitability for a particular purpose or use.
selenium	a non-metallic element in the same chemical group as sulfur; its compounds are harmful to wildlife or people when found above certain levels in water
fracture	when a mineral breaks and does not cleave the mineral fractures
leave it at that	say, do no more.
earthquake	Is a sudden motion or trembling in the Earth
blow joint	Perforated joint of line pipe designed to capture "pig" after pigging and cleaning operations.
bottomhole	The lowest or deepest part of a well.
cark	to die
critical low flow	low flow conditions below which some standards do not apply
washer	A shell with internal baffler or packing, so arranged that gas to be cleaned passes up through the baffles counter-current to the flow of scrubbing liquid down through the washer
uom	United of measure
knot	A speed unit of I international nautical mile (1,852.0 meters or 6.076.11549 international feet) per hour.
unbundling	The separation of the various components of gas sales, storage, transmission, delivery and etc
mmscfpd	Million Standard Cubic Feet Per Day (refers to gas or residual gas production).
polychlorinated biphenyls	toxic industrial chemical compound substances that were used in the manufacture of plastics and as insulating fluids in electrical transformers and capacitors
burner port	See PORT.
staff audit	Staff review of company's rate filing, usually within 60 days of the filings suspension order
snowmelt flooding	Flooding caused primarily by the melting of snow.
gene pool	Sum total of all the genes found in the individuals of the population of a particular species.
greenhouse effect	The heating of the atmosphere by the trapping of long-wave radiation re-emitted by the Earth from incoming solar energy.
bradenhead gas	See GAS, CASINGHEAD.
glacial ice	A very dense form frozen water that is much harder than snow, névé, or firn.
sample	A sample is a subset group of data selected from a larger population group
leeside low	Extratropical cyclones that form on the downwind (lee) side of a mountain chain
mean sea level	(abbreviated MSL; or sea level datum)
interflow	The lateral motion of water through the upper layers until it enters a stream channel
assay	A chemical test performed on a sample of ores or minerals to determine the amount of valuable metals contained.
crooked hole	Wellbore that has deviated from the vertical inadvertently
base	A substance that may have a bitter taste, feels soapy, turns litmus blue, and can react with an acid to form salt
saturation	Atmospheric condition where water is changing its phase to liquid or solid
downtrend	A price pattern characterized by successive falling highs and falling lows.
modified seaboard method	See UNITED METHOD.
oil saturation	The percentage of the void space within reservoir rock containing hydrocarbon liquid at reservoir conditions (reservoir fluid pressure and reservoir fluid temperature conditions)
aquiclude	An impermeable layer of rock that does not allow water to move through it
new construction program	A DSM program that affects the design and construction of new buildings and facilities.
projected depth	The approximate depth the company will reach
phylogenic classification	Classification of organisms based on genetic connections between other species.
waterlogging	saturation of soil with irrigation water so the water table rises close to the surface.
tear strips off	scold, reprove, reprimand (someone) severely.
our mob	extended family or community.
higher low water	The higher of the two low waters of any tidal day.
back pressure	Pressure against which a fluid is flowing
anemophobia	The fear of air drafts or wind
lake/land breeze	A lake breeze occurs when prevailing winds blow off the water, while a land breeze indicates winds blowing from land to sea
oy!	call to gain attention.
pump jack	A surface unit similar to a pumping unit but having no individual power plant.
suspended well	A well that was previously completed but is now no longer being produced.
enzed	New Zealand; NZ.
dekatherm	A unit of heating value equal to ten therms or 1-mil Btus (1 MMBtu)
swash	Intermittent landward flow of water across a beach where surf is breaking.
illuviation	Deposition of humus, chemical substances, and fine mineral particles in the lower layers of a soil from upper layers because of the downward movement of water through the soil profile
hypocenter	Also known as the focus, the hypocenter is the point of origin of an earthquake
total for 2011	$1.441573
fossil fuels	- Fuels that originate from the remains of living things, such as coal, oil, natural gas, and peat.
gust front	A boundary found ahead of a thunderstorm that separates cold storm downdrafts from warm humid surface air
transmissivity	the capacity of an aquifer to transmit water
well log	A record of geological formation penetrated during drilling, including technical details of the operation.
storage zone	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
wheeling service	The movement of electricity from one system to another over transmission facilities of intervening systems
closing agent	A person that coordinates closing-related activities, such as recording the closing documents and disbursing funds.
jet fuel	Any one of several grades of fuel used for jet engines
cape tribulation	a scenic and popular coastal section of Daintree National Park, stretching between the Daintree and Bloomfield rivers
precession	the apparent shift of the celestial poles caused by a gradual wobble of the Earth's axis.
holding time	the maximum amount of time a sample may be stored before analysis.
know onions	be familiar with (one's) job, subject etc; be skilled in (one's) field, trade, profession.
offset well	A well drilled in the next location to another well according to the spacing rules of the state.
pumping test	A test conducted by pumping a well to determine aquifer or well characteristics.
show cause order	See ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE.
industrial award	a determination by an industrial tribunal establishing levels of pay and conditions of employment for workers in a specified industry, occupation, or enterprise.
impoundment	A body of water or sludge confined by a dam, dike, floodgate, or other barrier.
inselberg	A German term used to describe a steep-sided hill composed of rock that rises from a pediplain.
deep gas	Gas found at depths greater than the average for a particular area; for FERC purposes, it is gas found at depths of more than 15,000 feet.
gypsum	An evaporite mineral,CaSO4·2H2O, found in clays and limestones; sometimes associated with sulphur.
wet microburst	A microburst accompanied by heavy precipitation at the surface
land application	discharge of wastewater onto the ground for treatment or reuse.
well interference	When the area of influence, or the cone of depression around a water well comes into contact with or overlaps that of a neighbouring well pumping from the same aquifer and thereby causes additional drawdown or drawdown interference in the wells.
elastic limit	Maximum level of elastic deformation of a material without rupture.
base flows	the component of a flow regime that represents normal flow conditions between precipitation events
pseudo-cold front	A boundary between a supercell's inflow region and the rear-flank downdraft (or RFD)
coefficient of determination	Statistic that measures the proportion of the variation in the dependent variable that is associated with the statistical regression of an independent variable
conductor	A substance or body, usually in the form of a wire, cable, or busbar, that allows a current of electricity to pass continuously along it.
lease broker	An individual engaged in obtaining leases for speculation or resale.
sfa	(Sweet Fanny Adams) nothing at all or very little.
cumulus congestus	Same as towering cumulus
generator	A producer of electricity, both literally and figuratively.
ultramafic	Rock that is rich in magnesium and iron content.
koonac	either of two small freshwater crayfish, Cherax plebejus and C
saturation	the condition of a liquid when it has taken into solution the maximum possible quantity of a given substance at a given temperature and pressure.
evapotranspiration	Loss of water from a land area through transpiration of plants and evaporation from the soil.
supervisory fee	Analogous to a management fee in an oil and gas limited partnership, it is paid by the partnership to the general partner for direct supervision of mechanical operations at the well site.
frontal lifting	Lifting of a warmer or less dense air mass by a colder or more dense air mass at a frontal transitional zone.
restoration	Returning the land used in quarrying to some previously agreed purpose
off-peak	The period during a day, week, month, or year when the load being delivered by a gas system is not at or near the maximum volume delivered by that system for the corresponding period of time.
stacks	A column of rock standing in the sea marking the former position of the cliff line
opposition party	the party not currently in power.
relative humidity	The ratio between the actual amount of water vapor held in the atmosphere compared to the amount required for saturation
return period	the average elapsed time between occurrences of a hydrologic event with a specified magnitude or greater
peak day curtailment	Curtailment imposed on a day-to-day basis during periods of extremely cold weather when demands for gas exceed the maximum daily delivery capability of a pipeline or distribution system
fault	a surface or zone of rock fracture along which there has been displacement, from a few centimeters to a few kilometers in scale.
submersible drilling barge	A vessel capable of drilling in deep water
cement plug	A plug of cement slurry placed in the wellbore to seal the well.
field capacity	The total amount of water that a soil contains after water has drained away by gravity over a period of two days after it has been saturated by rainfall.
breeder reactor	Usually a reactor that creates more fissionable fuel than it consumes
open go	unrestricted opportunity: e.g., This race is open go to anybody.
mean river level	A tidal datum
gal	Abbreviation for US gallon.
hydrolysis	Chemical weathering process that involves the reaction between mineral ions and the ions of water (OH- and H+), and results in the decomposition of the rock surface by forming new compounds, and by increasing the pH of the solution involve through the release of the hydroxide ions.
fusion	The formation of a heavier nucleus from two lighter ones (usually hydrogen isotopes) with the attendant release of a large amount of energy.
kurnai	a clan of south-eastern Victoria—the Gippsland region—where the Lake Tyers mission is located.
diluting water	distilled water that has been stabilized, buffered, and aerated
station identifier	A group of four alphabetic characters used to identify a location that makes weather observations.
pesa	Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia
hot spot	center of persistent volcanism, thought to be the surface expression of a rising hot plume in Earth's mantle.
organization costs	- Direct costs incurred in the creation of a new business organization such as an oil and gas limited partnership.
flat	1
scotch egg	a hard-boiled egg enclosed in sausage meat and fried.
permit	Official approval to perform an activity like drilling and testing or pad construction by a competent authority (DEA, environmental ministry or local authority).
tropical rainforest	Forested biome found near the equator and dominated by evergreen vegetation.
cave	A natural cavity or recess that is roughly positioned horizontally to the surface of the Earth.
snow stick	A portable rod used to measure snow depth.
town gas	Purified crude gas, after CO2 removal, having a heating value of 400 to 700 Btu/cf.
vaporizer	A heat exchange used to return liquid natural gas to a gaseous form and then continue to heat the gas to a temperature at which it can be sent into the distribution system.
cliff	A series of high, steep or overhanging faces of rock running parallel to the shoreline such as the White Cliffs of Dover.
piezometer	a nonpumping well, generally of small diameter, for measuring the elevation of a water table.
air pressure	The force exerted on a surface by the weight of the air above it
joint	A fracture or crack in rocks along which there has been no movement of the opposing sides (see also Fault).
dry bulk density subsoil	As above but below 20 cm depth.
atmospheric pressure	The pressure asserted by the mass of the column of air directly above any specific point (also called air pressure or barometric pressure).
sling psychrometer	Psychrometer that uses a rotating handle and a whirling motion to ventilate its wet-bulb thermometer.
full moon	A phase of the Moon in which the entire side facing Earth is illuminated by sunlight.
target	Precipitation or other phenomena which produces echoes on a radar display.
opposition	The situation of two celestial bodies with their celestial longitudes (the angular distance measured east of the vernal equinox along the ecliptic) differing by 180 degrees; for example, opposition occurs when the moon and the sun are directly in line with the earth and on opposite sides of the earth.
natural gas	A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gases found in porous geological formations beneath the earth's surface, often in association with petroleum
well	a hole or shaft drilled into the earth to get water or other underground substances
rip current	A strong relatively narrow current of water that flows seaward against breaking waves.
bryozoan	Tiny animal that lives in colonies in seawater and occasionally in freshwater
gpm	Gallons per minute
mitigation	a way in which an agency may offset negative environmental impacts of a project or make the impacts less serious
tie in	To make a connection to an existing pipeline or piping.
calcite	A mineral that is commonly secreted by marine invertebrate animals to form shells or other types of exoskeletons
migration	Movement of organisms in an intentional way between two points in space
bow echo	A rapidly moving crescent shaped echo on a radar which is convex in the direction of motion
disposal well	A well through which salt water is pumped to subsurface reservoirs.
avalanche chute	An avalanche is a sudden, rapid flow of snow down a slope
lpg	Liquefied petroleum gas, typically ethane, propane butane and isobutane
water recycling	the treatment of wastewater making it suitable for reuse.
evapotranspiration	the quantity of water transpired (given off), retained in plant tissues, and evaporated from plant tissues and surrounding soil surfaces.
pitting	Formation of small depressions in a surface due to sand blasting, mechanical gouging, acid etching, or corrosion.
coastal marine forecasts	This National Weather Service marine product is designed to serve the needs of the widest variety of maritime activities in the coastal waters of Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, and Gulf of Mexico
effective permeability	The ability to preferentially flow or transmit a particular fluid when other immiscible fluids are present in the reservoir (e.g., effective permeability of gas in a gas-water reservoir)
tight formation	- A sedimentary layer of rock cemented together in a manner that greatly hinders the flow of any gas through the rock.
uncovered position	Where a long market player has bought more of a commodity than he has agreed to sell, or where a short market player has sold more of a commodity than (s)he has to deliver
gypsum	Sedimentary rock created by the chemical precipitation of calcium, sulfur, and oxygen.
spray irrigation	application of finely divided water droplets to crops using artificial means.
depletion	The exhaustion of a natural resource by actual extraction of the mineral or gas, etc
overland flow	The flow of rainwater or snowmelt over the land surface toward stream channels
coal gasification	A controlled process of reacting coal, steam, and oxygen under pressure and elevated temperature
lag time	the time from the center of a unit storm to the peak discharge or center of volume of the corresponding unit hydrograph.
phase	Minor variations in the soil type
energy information administration	An agency within the U.S
runoff	Runoff is water (or other liquids) that drains or flows from the land into streams and rivers, and eventually into the seas
r+m/2	Research Octane Number plus Motor Octane Number divided by 2, also known as the "anti-knock index." See octane number.
pre-trigger memory	This is the facility which allows blast vibration monitors to capture ground and air vibrations in the second or so before the machine is triggered into recording mode
bonds	Certificates of indebtedness representing long-term borrowing of capital funds, the terms of which contain an indenture pledging the property as security for the loan and providing for the appointment of a trustee to represent the bondholders
loop current	Flow of warm ocean water that steers Gulf waters toward Florida.
pot life	The period of time during which a reacting thermosetting composition remains suitable for its intended processing after mixing with reaction-initiating agents.
gift letter	A letter that a family member writes verifying that he/she has given you a certain amount of money as a gift and that you do not have to repay it
legislative assembly	the Lower House of a bicameral state parliament
methoxychlor	pesticide that causes adverse health effects when found in domestic water supplies
deposit	The amount of money you put down on a house to hold it.
lee	Robert E
submersible pump	A bottom-hole pump for use in an oil well when a large volume of fluid is to be lifted.
carson	Rachel Carson (1907-1964) American biologist and author.
mixing zone	a limited volume of receiving water that is allocated for diluting a wastewater discharge without causing adverse effects to the overall water body.
anticyclonic rotation	Rotation in the opposite sense as the Earth's rotation
polypedon	An identifiable soil with distinct characteristics found in a location or region
maximum day allocation	See DESIGN DAY AVAILABILITY.
guideline lives	Useful asset lives (by general categories) as determined and allowed for income tax depreciation charges by The Internal Revenue Service.
aboriginal trust	(see: Aboriginal Lands Trust).
vadose zone	zone of unsaturated soil that extends from the soil surface to the groundwater table.
dewater	remove or separate a portion of the water in a sludge or slurry to dry the sludge so it can be handled and disposed; remove or drain the water from a tank, trench, or aquifer.
stalactite	A normally cylindrical deposit of minerals suspended from the ceiling of a cave
phreatic zone	the area in an aquifer in which relatively all pores and fractures are saturated with water
rimstone	A speleothem that results from the movement of water over a ridge where minerals are deposited on the ridge
irrigation efficiency	the percentage of water applied, and which can be accounted for, in the soil moisture increase for consumptive use.
ever-so ever-so	pompous; haughty; stuck-up; snooty: e.g., She's ever-so ever-so since she went overseas.
transmitter	A device which responds to a measured variable by means of a sensing element and converts it to a standardized transmission signal which is a function only of the measurement.
low pressure	An area of atmospheric pressure within the Earth's atmosphere that is below average
cofiring	The process of burning natural gas in conjunction with another fuel
environmental system	A system where life interacts with the various abiotic components found in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.
a'a'	Hawaiian term used to describe a lava flow whose surface is broken into rough angular fragments
biodiversity	Diversity of the species, natural environments and genes that make up the living world
volcanic ash fall	A deposit of volcanic ash resting where it was dropped by eruption and winds.
brownfield	A project built on a previously developed or partly developed site
colluvium	a general term to include loose rock and soil material that accumulates at the base of a slope as the result of mass wasting processes
for my part	as far as I am concerned.
anvil	The flat, spreading top of a Cumulonimbus Cloud (Cb)
it's a take	this situation is a fraud, con, deception, swindle.
reservoir	A porous and permeable underground rock formation containing a natural accumulation of crude oil or natural gas that is confined by impermeable rock or water barriers, and is separate from other reservoirs.
dial	the face (from WWI digger dialect).
tidal datum	See chart datum.
direct sale	Contract sale of natural gas by producer to end user or local distribution company, usually for a term of a year or longer.
drainage basin	The area from which a stream and its tributaries receives its water.
land man	A person concerned with the acquisition of leases, clearing of land titles, payment of lease rentals, and other related activities.
tea lady	a woman employed to make tea in offices etc.
short-fuse warning	A warning issued by the NWS for a local weather hazard of relatively short duration
script	a prescription; e.g., I have to take this script from my GP to the chemist now.
fod	Fuel Oil Domestique
secret ballot	a system in which votes are cast privately and without the possibility of knowing for whom individual people voted
van allen belts	radiation zones of charged particles that surround the Earth
system type - transmission.	Pipelines (mains) installed for the purpose of transmitting gas from a source or sources of supply to one or more distribution centers, to one or more large volume customers, or a pipeline installed to interconnect sources of supply
high-priority customers	Customers with priority in use in utility curtailment
weevil	An unglamorous adjective (or noun) used to describe a "green" hand anyone new and uninitiated, especially to the mechanical operations of an oil rig.
british thermal unit	British thermal unit
acidizing	Injection of various acids into perforations, fractures, and reservoir rock permeability to remove contaminants and the effect of wellbore damage caused by drilling and completion operations or to increase permeability beyond the original values which existed prior to disturbing the reservoir by drilling.
tomo	Maori term for a sinkhole or entrance to a cave or hole in the ground
p leaching vulnerability	The susceptibility of the soil to phosphorus leaching
continental shelf	Shallow submerged margin of the continents that lies between the edge of the shoreline and the continental slope
period	A unit of geologic time
weathering	The process of decomposition of rocks or ores through the action of air and water.
deposition	The change from water vapor (a gas) directly to ice (a solid) without going through the liquid water phase
core	The central region of a planet or moon, frequently made of different materials from the surrounding regions (mantle and crust); the Earth is thought to have a core of metallic iron and nickel.
gas turbine	A prime mover in which gas, under pressure or formed by combustion, is directed against a series of turbine blades; the energy in the expanding gas is converted into mechanical energy supplying power at the shaft.
land breeze	Local thermal circulation pattern found at the interface between land and water
mboe	Thousand Barrels of Oil Equivalents
lunar day	(or tidal day)
spot price	The price paid for gas, oil or oil products sold under contracts for the purchase and sale of such minerals on a short-term basis.
rate design - seaboard	The term "Seaboard rate design" refers to a method of determining demand and commodity rates whereby 50% of fixed costs are classified in the commodity component and 50% in the demand component.
partitioning	Process by which a given element distributes itself to different extents in two ohases in equilibrium with each other
thermocline	A vertical temperature gradient in some layer of a body of water, which is appreciably greater than the gradients above and below it; also a layer in which such a gradient occurs
saltation	LANDLOCKED: Enclosed by land, or nearly enclosed, as a HARBOR.
radiant	a point in the sky from which meteors in a meteor shower seem to originate.
salt water intrusion	the invasion of fresh surface or ground water by salt water
hydrocarbons	A large class of organic compounds composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms, including crude oil, natural gas and natural gas condensates.
p & a	Plugged & Abandonned
isothermal	Of equal or constant temperature with respect to either space or time.
delivered ex ship	A legal term in older sales and some newer contracts meaning the seller will be responsible for the LNG until it is delivered to a specified port
glacier	A glacier is a mass of ice that persists from year to year and moves or flows over land under its own weight.
panhandle formula	A formula for calculating gas flow in large diameter pipelines, particularly at relatively high pressures and velocities
myctophobia	The fear of darkness.
economizer	An arrangement of tubes through which the feed water passes before entering boiler drum and flue gases leave burners
pioneer species	Plant species that dominate a community in the early stages of succession.
refractive index	A measure of the amount of refraction
wastewater treatment	cleaning wastewater
d&a	Dry and abandoned.
take-or-pay	The clause in a gas supply contract which provides for a specific period a specific minimum quantity of gas must be paid for whether or not delivery is accepted by the purchaser
nwp	Numerical Weather Prediction.
footprint	A company or organization's environmental impact (resource use, waste generation, physical environmental changes, etc.).
net overriding royalty interest	A share of gross production from a property, measured by net profits from operation of the property and carved out of the leasehold interest; similar to a net profits interest.
field capacity	the amount of water held in soil against the pull of gravity.
.404173	Fourth Quarter
return on investment	A measure of the profitability of a business enterprise
flea in ear	(give someone/got/have/put a...) pertaining to a stinging hint or a sharp rebuke.
velocity zones	Areas within the floodplain subject to potential high damage from waves
blind thrust fault	A shallow-dipping reverse fault which terminates before it reaches the surface
ripping	A method of breaking up the ground using large metal teeth behind a dozer.
peak load plant	A plant usually housing low-efficiency, quick response steam units, gas turbines, diesels, or pumped-storage hydroelectric equipment normally used during the maximum load periods
system boundary	Outer edge of system
'ghan	(see: Afghan Express).
formation	A geological term applied to an underground rock stratum; in the gas industry, usually the one from which gas or oil is produced.
wildcatter	An operator who drills the first well in unproven territory.
correlation coefficient	Statistic that measures the degree of linear association between two variables
stream gradient	The change in elevation from a stream's headwaters to its mouth expressed in degrees, percentage, or as a distance ratio (rise/run).
unsaturated zone	that part of the soil profile in which the voids are not completely filled with water, some air is present.
water softener	A compound which, when introduced into water used for cleaning or washing, will counteract the effects of the hard water minerals (calcium and magnesium) and produce the effect of softened water
larumbanda	an Aboriginal people of the Northern Territory.
design day	A 24-hour period of demand which is used as a basis for planning gas capacity requirements.
sea mullet	the marine, estuarine, and freshwater fish Mugil cephalus of southern Australia.
electrical discharges	Release of electricity (a form of energy caused by the motion of electrons).
hightail it	go, leave, depart, especially quickly.
orgasm	drink made with Cointreau and Bailey's Irish Cream on ice.
procellarum	Oceanus Procellarum - from the Latin "Ocean of Storms".
speciation	The process by which new species originate through mutations, natural selection, and evolution.
preliminary determination	A conditional approval issued by the FERC that reviews and authorizes all the terms and conditions of a proposed construction project, except the environmental aspects
quota	OPEC sets individual crude oil production quotas for each of its 11 members
wet deposition	The transport of gases and minute liquid and solid particles from the atmosphere to the ground surface with the aid of precipitation or fog
biocide	Any substance the kills or retards the growth of microorganisms.
light ends	The more volatile products of petroleum refining, e.g., butane, propane, and gasoline.
leaks	including any impurities that might be associated with the injected CO2 stream, and any substances that might be released or formed as a result of sub-surface storage and/or leakage of CO2.
everlasting daisy	Helichrysum bracteatum, endemic to Australia, growing in open scrub and grassland areas
disturbance	A disruption of the atmosphere that usually refers to a low pressure area, cool air and inclement weather.
moraine	A mound, ridge, or other distinct accumulation of glacial drift, predominantly till, deposited in a variety of topographic landforms that are independent of control by the surface on which the drift lies
settle hash	deal with and subdue a person.
charted clearance	The difference in height between mean high water and the underside of an overhead obstruction, such as a bridge or cables.
market-responsive pricing	See MARKET-BASED PRICING.
cumulonimbus mammatus cloud	It is associated with a cumulonimbus cloud
tailings	Material rejected from a mill after most of the recoverable valuable minerals have been extracted
pollution	alteration of the physical, biological, chemical, and radiological integrity of water due to human activities ‚ any unwanted contaminating property that renders a water supply unfit for its designated use.
retained interest	A fractional interest kept by the owner of a whole interest when the balance of the whole interest is transferred (conveyed) to another party
gravimeter	A geophysical device that has been particularly useful in finding salt domes
premium on capital stock	The excess of the amount received by the company from the sale of an issue of the capital stock over the par or stated value of the stock
rip tide	Also called rip current.
gas chromatograph	An analytical instrument used for separating the various components of a gas mixture, and measuring the relative concentrations of each
drought	a prolonged period of below-average precipitation
radioactivity	Release of energy and energetic particles by changes occurring within atomic or nuclear structures
debris mantle regolith	Comprises slope debris derived from the underlying and upslope bedrock and bedrock regolith and may contain layers of regionally derived loess, and/or interlaid tephric loess, and/or tephra depending on location.
rex block	A blocking pattern where there is an upper level high located directly north of a closed low.
topsoil	The upper part of the soil, which is the most favorable material for plant growth
cohesion	a molecular attraction by which the particles of a body are united throughout the mass whether like or unlike
rock pressure	A term used for the initial pressure of gas in a well.
coastal sand [lcdb2 classification]	Coastal strip of land that falls on the landward side of the "coastline" as defined in the NZTopo data.
arbitrage	The simultaneous purchase of a commodity/derivative in one market and the sale of the same, or similar, commodity/derivative in another market in order to exploit price differentials
alluvium	Sediments such as sand, silt or gravel that have been deposited by streams, rivers and other running waters.
dimboola	a small town located on the Wimmera River and adjacent to Little Desert National Park
offshore	LONGSHORE CURRENT: A current located in the SURF ZONE, moving generally parallel to the SHORELINE, generated by WAVES breaking at an angle with the SHORELINE, also called the ALONGSHORE CURRENT
free-trade agreement	The United States negotiates free-trade agreements with nations to reduce barriers to U.S
chemical weathering	Breakdown of rock and minerals into small sized particles through chemical decomposition.
tropical weather summary	The National Hurricane Center issues a monthly summary of tropical weather is included at the end of the month or as soon as feasible thereafter, to describe briefly the past activity or lack thereof and the reasons why.
clutter	Radar echoes that interfere with observation of desired signals on the radar display.
arcus	A dense, arched-shaped, menacing-looking accessory cloud to a cumulonimbus that can occur along the leading edge of a thunderstorm's gust front as the consequence of uplift of stable warm air
tank bottoms	A mixture of oil, water, and other foreign matter that collects in the bottoms of stock tanks and large crude storage tanks and must be cleaned or pumped out on a regular basis.
land rights act	1
equigranular	A rock texture in which all the mineral grain have similar size.
top lease	A conditional lease that may be granted by the mineral-rights owner of a property while a pre-existing recorded lease of that property is nearing expiration, but nonetheless is still in effect
return flow	South winds on the back (west) side of an eastward-moving surface high pressure system
climate	General pattern of weather conditions for a region over a long period time (at least 30 years).
good-faith estimate	A written statement itemizing the approximate costs and fees for the mortgage.
pulse resolution volume	A discrete radar sampling volume, of dimensions (horizontal beamwidth * vertical beamwidth * 1 range gate).
substructure	Support form of an offshore installation on which derrick, engines, helicopter pad, cranes, etc
redetermination	Retroactive adjustment to relative percentage interests of joint venturers in a field.
sewage gas	A gas produced by the fermentation of sewage sludge low in heating value due to dilution with CO2 and N2; also marsh gas or firedamp.
dew point	A measure of atmospheric moisture
interim bill	See CALCULATED BILL.
vault	Same as BWER.
convection	the physical upwelling of hot matter, thus transporting energy from a lower, hotter region to a higher, cooler region
dixie-bashing	employed in a kitchen etc washing dishes and pots—especially in the Army.
upwelling	The process by which cold waters from the depths of a lake or ocean rise to the surface.
cold glacier	Glacier in which the ice found from the its surface to base has a temperature as cold as -30° Celsius throughout the year
range gate	The discrete point in range along a single radial of radar data at which the received signal is sampled
kingdom	Top most level of the common system used to classify life
footy	football, especially Australian Rules, and invariably pronounced with a 'd' instead of the 't'—foody
crust	The part of the Earth lying above the mantle
esky	a portable icebox (Trademark; from esk(imo) + y]; cooler.
namurian	Late Carboniferous stage ranging from 325 Ma to 315 Ma.
fan	Fans are gently sloping, fan-shaped masses of material formed along the margins of hills and mountain ranges by the streams that drain their slopes
kalema	a violent surf that occurs on the coast of the Guinea region, West Africa.
glam	glamorous.
water quality criteria	scientifically derived ambient limits developed and updated by EPA, under section 304(a)(1) of the Clean Water Act, for specific pollutants of concern
permeable	Permeability is a measure of the ease with which a fluid will move through a porous material (e.g., sand and gravel or rock)
navier-stokes equations	a set of equations that describe the physics governing the motion of a fluid
mboe	One million barrels of oil equivalent
wheeling	The transportation of customer-owned gas by a transmission company for the customer at a pre-determined cost to the customer.
animal unit month	A measure of forage or feed sufficient to feed one ANIMAL UNIT for 30 days
cape of good hope	a headland in South Africa, marking the turning point between the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean
pressure rating	The estimated maximum pressure that the medium in the pipe can exert continuously with a high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe will not occur.
fujiwhara effect	A binary interaction where tropical cyclones within a certain distance (300-750 nm depending on the sizes of the cyclones) of each other begin to rotate about a common midpoint.
preventive maintenance	Examination of plant and equipment on a schedule basis and the replacement or repair of parts that are worn by prescribed amounts or that are in such condition that further use will involve the risk of their failure while in service
erus	Emissions Reduction Units
chloramination	the treatment of a substance, such as drinking water, with chlorine and ammonia (chloramines) in order to kill disease-causing organisms
centaur	In Greek mythology, a being with the head, arms, and torso of a man, and the body and legs of a horse
permitting	Process of obtaining an approval from an authority or an individual to use its land by Total E&P Denmark B.V
center/vortex fix	The location of the center of a tropical or subtropical cyclone obtained by reconnaissance aircraft penetration, satellite, radar, or synoptic data.
coriolis parameter	A measure of planetary rotation as a function of latitude
monthly climatological report	This climatological product is issued once a month by each National Weather Service office
on-site generation	Generation of any electrical energy on a customer's property, with or without utilization of recoverable heat.
specific heat	The heat required to raise a unit mass of a substance through a degree of temperature difference
joint compounds	Materials to be used on pipe joints, primarily to lubricate the threads and secondarily to prevent leakage.
caribs	Tanker market abbreviation for Caribbean.
cold pool	A region of relatively cold air, represented on a weather map analysis as a relative minimum in temperature surrounded by closed isotherms
fossil energy	Energy derived from crude oil, natural gas, or coal.
conjunctive management	integrated management and use of two or more water resources, such as an aquifer and a surface water body.
common trench	A trench containing two or more utilities.
futures contract	An agreement to make or take delivery of a commodity at a fixed date or strip of dates in the future, at a price agreed upon at the time of dealing.
contract for differences	Crude oil swap, tied to published price assessments, which exchanges floating short-term risk for fixed risk.
outlet	An opening through which water can be freely discharged from a reservoir.
20.8700	.404173
isopach	A line joining points of equal bed thickness
point source	A dust emission source focused at a discrete physical location, such as a mineral crushing unit or a mineral excavator.
working interest	An interest created by the execution of an oil and gas lease
zonal	Movement of wind or ocean waters in a direction that is roughly parallel to the lines of latitude.
conjunctive use	the planned use of groundwater in conjunction with surface water to optimize total water resources
heap leaching	A process whereby valuable metals (usually gold and silver) are leached from a heap (or pad) of crushed ore by leaching solutions percolating down through the heap and are collected from a sloping, impermeable liner below the pad.
rift	A valley formed at a divergence zone or other area of extension.
zone-gate method	A method of developing zoned rates
llj	An acronym for Low Level Jet.
gully	a deeply eroded channel caused by the concentrated flow of water.
mitochondria	Organelle in a cell that oxidizes organic (see respiration) energy for use in cellular metabolism.
restructuring proceedings	Negotiations wherein each interstate pipeline and its customers determine how they will conduct business pursuant to the provisions of Order 636.
horst fault	A fault that is produced when two reverse faults cause a block of rock to be push up.
equivalent quantities	A quantity of gas containing an amount of Btus equal to the amount of Btus received by Transporter for the account of Shipper at the Point(s) of Receipt reduced, where applicable, by the Btus removed for Transporter's compressor fuel and Transporter's lost-and-unaccounted for gas and BTU shrinkage in the treatment and processing of Shipper's gas, all as attributable to transportation of Shipper's gas.
milankovitch theory	Theory proposed by Milutin Milankovitch that suggests that changes in the Earth's climate are cause by variations in solar radiation received at the Earth's surface
kipsie	a house, home, lean-to, or shelter.
summer valley	The depression that occurs in the summer months in the daily load of a gas distribution system of pipeline.
geyser	a thermal spring that erupts intermittently and to different heights above the surface of the Earth; eruptions occur when water deep in the spring is heated enough to turn into steam, which forces the liquid water above it out into the air
coastal flood statement	This National Weather Service product keeps the public and cooperating agencies informed of the status of existing coastal flood watches and warnings as well as provides an update on local conditions
gabbro	An intrusive igneous rock that develops from mafic magma and whose mineral crystals are coarse
lower mantle	Layer of the Earth's interior extending from 670 to 2,900 kilometers below the surface crust
bank	the margins of a stream or river channel
christmas tree	A term given to the series of pipes and valves that sits on top of a producing gas well
withdrawn gas	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
blackjack	A synonym of sphalerite, especially a dark variety
bill frequency analysis	A tabulation of bills by size (consumption) and type of service rendered.
nylon plastics	Plastics based on resins composed principally of a long-chain synthetic polymeric amide which has recurring amide groups as an integral part of the main polymer chain.
cold wall	The steep water-temperature gradient between the Gulf Stream and (a) the slope water inshore of the Gulf Stream or (b) the Labrador current.
ceramic radiants	Baked clay devices which become incandescent and radiate heat released to them by a gas flame.
telemetering	Use of an electrical apparatus transmitting data to a distant point for indicating, recording, or integrating the values of a variable quantity.
rossby deformation radius	Horizontal length scale of a rotating system measuring the distance over which the gravitational tendency to render a free surface flat is balanced by a tendency of the Coriolis acceleration to deform the surface
annual volume method	A method to allocate commodity costs by function to customer classes based on the Test Period volume level for that customer
persistence	The length of time during which a signal is visible on a radar display.
archuleta	DURANGO
deviated well	Horizontal well drilled at an angle (over 80 degrees) to vertical.
injection zone	a geological formation receiving fluids through a well.
suburb	An outer district of a settlement that is predominantly residential.
stable atmosphere	Condition in the atmosphere where isolated air parcels have a tendency to sink
foot it	to walk.
red-eared firetail	(see: red-browed firetail).
steam cracker	Ethylene plant
lightning channel	The irregular path through the air along which a lightning discharge occurs
fip	Free In Pipe
reinforced plastic	A plastic with high strength fillers imbedded in the composition, in some mechanical properties superior to those of the base resin
itie	an Italian person or thing.
winter storm watch	Issued when conditions are favorable for hazardous winter weather conditions to develop over part or all of the forecast area in the next 6-36 hours, but the occurrence is still uncertain
categorical	A National Weather Service precipitation descriptor for a 80%, 90%, or 100% chance of measurable precipitation (0.01")
meter seal	A metal wire or tape seal attached to a gas meter or a service stop in such a way as to prevent its being opened by an unauthorized person.
mms	The US Minerals Management Service, an agency of the Interior Department.
mcf	Thousand Cubic Feet
gas	That state of matter which has neither independent shape nor volume
mercaptans	A group of organic chemical compounds containing an SH group having distinctive odors in small concentrations is often added to natural or LP gases to warn of leaks
hydrologic cycle	The complete cycle that water can pass through, beginning as atmospheric water vapor, turning into precipitation and falling to the earth's surface, moving into aquifers or surface water, and then returning to the atmosphere via evapotranspiration.
natural flow	the rate of water movement past a specified point on a natural stream
turnkey contract	Contract under which contractor carries out and completes his assignment for a fixed fee, as opposed to working on a per diem basis
dealiasing	Process of correcting for aliases in the velocity measurement
cation	An ion carrying a positive atomic charge.
sales gas	Natural gas that has been processed by gas plant facilities and meets the required specifications under gas sales agreements.
present net value	The present value of money to be received at some specified time in the future, discounted back to the present at a specified interest rate.
extended forecast discussion	This discussion is issued once a day around 2 PM EST (3 PM EDT) and is primarily intended to provide insight into guidance forecasts for the 3- to 5-day forecast period
cape sorrell	site of a former Tasmanian penal colony
drip oil	The light oil or hydrocarbon liquids condensed in a piping system when the gas is cooled
desert walnut	Owenia reticulata, grows on sand dunes in the Victoria Desert
laying mains	The complete operation of installing piping systems in towns or cities including trenching, joining sections of pipe, placing pipe in trenches, back-filling trenches, and cleaning up.
aggradation	a progressive build up of a channel bed with sediment over several years due to a normal sequence of scour and deposition, as distinguished from the rise and fall of the channel bed during a single flood.
stratiform	Descriptive of clouds of extensive horizontal development, as contrasted to the more narrow and vertically developed cumuliform type
seepage	Groundwater emerging at the surface
leeward/windward	Leeward is on the side facing the direction toward which the wind is blowing
arc	See volcanic arc.
regional planning guidance	Regional Planning Guidance documents were issued by the government for different regions
refadex	a street directory (Queensland).
soil family	Families of mineral soils are identified by four sets of criteria describing soil materials occurring within 100 cm of the soil surface
segregated ice	A form of periglacial ground ice that consists of almost pure ice that often exists as an extensive horizontal layer
water cycle	natural pathway water follows as it changes between liquid, solid, and gaseous states; biogeochemical cycle that moves and recycles water in various forms through the ecosphere
enhanced reach	Deviated wells (over 65 degrees) from vertical and reach out horizontally more than twice vertical depth.
give it heaps	1
eruption	Occurs when solid, liquid, or gaseous volcanic materials are ejected into the Earth's atmosphere or surface by volcanic activity
annualization	To adjust to a full-year basis any item not included in the Base Period or included in the Base Period for less than a full year
falsification	Falsification is a procedure used in science to test the validity of a hypothesis or theory
injection well	A well used for pumping water or gas into the reservoir to increase pressure and allow recovery of more crude oil
ara	Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp
hydrogenation	A process whereby hydrogen atoms are added to an organic molecule to form a new compound; such reactions usually require heat and pressure in the presence of a catalyst.
blue gas	See WATER GAS.
australian offset	A humorous reference to a well drilled miles away from proven production.
supplementary feed crops	See forage crops and greenfeed crops.
flaring	The burning of gas vented through a pipe or stack at a refinery, or a method of disposing of gas while a well is being drilled.
mscf	One thousand standard cubic feet (106)
algorithm	A computer program (or set of programs) which is designed to systematically solve a certain kind of problem
royalty acre	The (mineral owner's) royalty on one acre of leased land.
enzedder	New Zealander.
daily retardation of tides	LAGOON: A shallow body of water, as a pond or lake, which usually has a shallow restricted INLET from the SEA
bioassessment	monitoring the aquatic environment to determine the health of a stream.
succession	Directional cumulative change in the types plant species that occupy a given area, through time.
tropical cyclone	Another name for hurricane.
asteroid	A small rocky or metallic body that orbits a star.
semi-arid woodlands	rainfall and geology are the dominant factors in the distribution pattern of semi-arid woodlands
piezometer	An open borehole or standpipe which allows water to rise and fall freely within it
reverse south georgia method	Works in the reverse of the SOUTH GEORGIA METHOD
possible reserves	The high-side estimate of resources profitable to produce with current technologies; less technical work has been done to explore and evaluate these reserves, therefore there is a high degree of uncertainty in this estimate.
fracture gradient	Is the pressure per unit depth required to fracture or cause the rock of the formation to separate.
part per million	a measure of concentration of a dissolved material in terms of a mass ratio (milligrams per kilogram, µg/kg)
quaternary	The geologic time period comprising about the last 1.65 million years.
method blank	laboratory grade water taken through the entire analytical procedure to determine if samples are being accidentally contaminated by chemicals in the lab
passive solar	Architectural designs in buildings taking advantage of site and building materials to enhance the amount of solar radiation turned into useful interior heat during cold periods and to minimize absorption of solar heat during warm periods
recoverable gas	The volume of natural gas, including any impurities that can be recovered from the reservoir as a result of natural and/or induced recovery mechanisms
casket	(the Golden...) Queensland lottery.
non-core customers	End-users with enough gas volume to justify consideration of transportation-only service from the distributor
enriching	Increasing the heat content of a gas by mixing with it a gas of higher Btu content.
sbli	Lifted Index (LI) calculated using surfaced based parcel.
radionuclide	A radioactive isotope of an element.
ets	(European Union) Emissions Trading Scheme
toxicity reduction evaluation	a study conducted to determine the source(s) of toxicity in a discharge effluent so that these sources can be controlled sufficiently to allow a discharger to comply with their permit limits.
lease operating expenses	Expenses incurred in the operation of a producing property as apportioned among the several parties in interest.
forty	scoundrel; petty criminal; thief.
intermittent stream	A stream that flows only for short periods over a year
juvenile gas	Gases that come to the surface for the first time from the deep interior.
trend lines	Lines drawn on a price chart linking subsequent lows in a downtrend and subsequent highs in a uptrend.
great circle	An imaginary circle drawn on the Earth's surface that has its center synchronize to the center of the planet
mean tide level	Also called half-tide level
equilibrium solar tide	A theoretical concept in analogy to Laplace's oceanic equilibrium tide; roughly, the form of the atmosphere determined solely by gravitational forces in the absence of any rotation of the earth relative to the sun.
cumulus cloud	These clouds form in convective currents and are characterized by relatively flat bases and dome-shaped tops
cost allocation	The rate design step that allocates the demand and commodity costs of the various functions to the customer classes
alpine herbfield [lcdb2 classification]	Areas of vegetation above the tree line dominated by low growing and mat forming herbs and grasses.
sublimation	Transition of water directly from the solid state to the gaseous state, without passing through the liquid state; or vice versa.
aquifuge	A geologic formation which has no interconnected openings and cannot hold or transmit water.
moss	About 9,500 species of plants that belong to the division bryophyta
ms	A magntiude determined at teleseismic distances using the logarithm of the amplitude of 20-second period surface waves generated by an earthquake.
guild	a group of species or organisms that use the same environmental resources (habitat, food source, etc.) or life history strategy (such as reproduction) in the same way.
cryogen	A material that is a gas at ambient conditions but can be liquefied at below-ambient temperatures
oil gas	See GAS, OIL.
anaerobic	A life or process that occurs in, or is not destroyed by, the absence of oxygen.
saturated zone	the area below the water table where all open spaces are filled with water under pressure equal to or greater than that of the atmosphere.
artificial lift	Pumping an oil well with a rod, tubing, or bottom-hole centrifugal pump may be termed artificially lifting crude oil to the surface or doing so by mechanical means.
montezuma	La Plata
remote sensor	Mechanical devices used to remotely sense an object or phenomenon.
history of a well	A written account of a well’s drilling and operation, required by law in some states.
eclipse	When our view of one object in the sky is blocked by either another object or the Earth's shadow.
fountainhead	The upper end of a confined-aquifer conduit, where it intersects the land surface.
swamp	a type of wetland dominated by woody vegetation but without appreciable peat deposits
magma	Hot, melted rock inside the Earth
price at equilibrium	where supply and demand curves intersect
schoolie	1
brackish	mixed fresh and salt water.
sense of slip	The sense with which one side of a fault slips relative to the other side, in a reference frame defined by a horizontal (level) plane oriented with the pull of Earth's gravity pointed "down" (perpendicular to the plane).
beach drift	The lateral movement of sediments on a beach when the angles of swash and backwash differ.
influent stream	Stream or reach of stream that loses water into the ground
scattering	The change in direction, frequency, or polarization of electromagnetic waves
flaxland [lcdb2 classification]	Areas dominated by lowland flax (Phormium tenax), usually moist and often represent parts of wetland systems.
suburbanised	An area that has taken on characteristics of a suburb such as becoming moreresidential
chlorination	the adding of chlorine to water or sewage for the purpose of disinfection or other biological or chemical results.
pulse radar	A type of radar, designed to facilitate range (distance) measurements, in which are transmitted energy emitted in periodic, brief transmission.
butane	A hydrocarbon fraction; at ordinary atmospheric conditions, butane is a gas but it is easily liquefied; one of the most useful L.P.-gases; widely used household fuel.
colonization	Movement of individuals or propagules of a species to a new territory.
purging	The act of replacing the atmosphere within a container by an inert substance in such a manner as to prevent the formation of explosive mixtures.
roustabout	A laborer who assists the foreman in the general work about producing oil wells and around the property of the oil company
skidding the rig	Moving a rig from the location of a lost or completed hole preparatory to starting a new one
flinders bioregion	moist and dry, sub-humid, warm coastal plains and granitic island chain comprised of the Furneaux Group and coastal north-eastern Tasmania
basin and range	An area of the southwestern United States characterized by roughly parallel mountain ranges and valleys, formed by a series of tilted fault blocks, and brought about by tectonic extension of the region
throughflow	The roughly horizontal flow of water through soil or regolith.
porosity	A measurement of the number and size of the spaces between each particle in a rock
sump	Shallow pond lined with plastic adjacent to the drilling rig, used to store drilling fluid.
aging	Effect on materials in service of exposure to an environment for an interval of time.
downhole safety valve	A valve fitted into the production tubing of a well some distance below the surface
scratch gravel	hurry.
mutual funds	A fund that pools the money of its investors to buy a variety of securities.
principal	The amount of money borrowed to buy your house or the amount of the loan that has not yet been paid back to the lender
metamorphic	A category of rock formed deep within the earth from pre-existing rock material as the result of high temperatures and pressures, or by reaction with chemically active fluids.
point precipitation	Precipitation at a particular site, in contrast to the mean precipitation over an area.
evaporation fog	A type of fog produced from the advection of cold air over warm water or warm or moist land
rill	a small channel eroded into the soil by surface runoff; can be easily smoothed out or obliterated by normal tillage.
special weather statement	This is used by the National Weather Service to provide additional information about expected or ongoing significant weather changes not covered in other statements
cfg	Cubic Feet of Gas
protoplasm	Substances making up a cell including its exterior membrane.
atmospheric stability	An indication of how easily a parcel of air is lifted
native gas	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
piezometer	A well installed to monitor hydraulic head or to monitor groundwater quality.
dinkum oil	reliable and truthful information or advice (first appearance in print, 1916, The Moods of Ginger Mickin).
primary air	Air that is mixed with fuel before the mix reaches the ignition zone to enhance combustion.
pressure control	Maintenance of pressure, in all or part of a system, at a predetermined level or within a selected range.
sif	In Scandinavian mythology, the grain goddess renowned for her long golden hair
riser pipe	The pipe that connects an underwater wellhead to the drilling rig floating on the surface of the ocean above.
itcz	Acronym for Intertropical Convergence Zone.
kph	kilometres per hour.
pineapple connection	Slang for a water vapor plume from the tropics.
thermocline	fairly thin zone in a lake that separates an upper warmer zone (epilimnion) from a lower colder zone (hypolimnion).
hydromorphic features	Mottling or gleying caused by chemical oxidation/reduction reactions associated with changes in oxygen availability.
balancing units	The unit of measure used for the purpose of balancing the amount of gas received by transporter at the transporter receipt point(s) with the amount of gas delivered by transporter for shipper's account at the transporter delivery point(s)
plate tectonics	refers to the folding and faulting of rock and flow of molten lava involving lithospheric plates in the earth's crust and upper mantle.
herb	A nonwoody angiosperm whose above ground vegetation dies off seasonally.
residual chlorine	the available chlorine which remains in solution after the demand has been satisfied
freeze	It is when the surface air temperature is expected to be 32°F or below over a widespread area for a climatologically significant period of time
convection	Heat transfer by the movement of fluid.
rolled-in pricing	Current practice where rates reflect the accumulation or overall cost of all gas purchases
gas in solution	Gas dissolved in water or crude oil.
noncombustible	A substance or gas that will not burn.
customer	An individual, firm, or organization which purchases service at one location under one rate classification, contract, or rate schedule
british thermal unit	A measure of the heating value of a fuel.
hydrocarbon	A hydrocarbon is a compound of the elements hydrogen and carbon, in either liquid or gaseous or solid form
porosity	The percentage of the total volume (bulk volume) of the rock which is void space
diffusion	The spreading of ions into a fluid or porous medium in a direction tending to equalize concentrations in all parts of the system; it is understood to occur in the absence of fluid convection and as a result of the thermal kinetic energy of the particles.
considerable cloudiness	When the predominant/average sky condition is covered by more than half, but not completely covered by opaque (not transparent) clouds
snow grains	Precipitation of very small, white, and opaque grains of ice
water solubility	The maximum concentration of a chemical compound which can result when it is dissolved in water
water framework directive	The European Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC), which came into force in December 2000, is the most significant piece of European legislation relating to water management for at least two decades
cogeneration	The production of both electricity and useful thermal energy from the same energy source
unit heater	See HEATER, ROOM.
caravan park	trailer park.
solution	A mixture (usually of a solid in a liquid in which the components are mixed at the molecular level).
oligotrophic	having a low supply of plant nutrients
ecotone	Boundary zone between two unique community types.
potentiometric surface	the surface to which water in an aquifer can rise by hydrostatic pressure
petroleum exploration licence	A petroleum exploration licence allows the titleholder exclusive right to explore for petroleum only in an area covering one to 140 graticular blocks for a maximum of six years.
flood potential outlook	This is a long range (36-72 hours) outlook issued by a local National Weather Service Office when forecast meteorological conditions indicate that a significant heavy rainfall event may occur that would either cause flooding or aggravate an existing flooding situation
earnings/price ratio	A method to determine the cost of common equity component of return using the ratio of earnings per share to the stock price.
permeable	A rock is permeable if water can pass through it.
perv/perve	1
straight line winds	Generally, any wind that is not associated with rotation, used mainly to differentiate them from tornadic winds.
pool	Scoured depression found on the bed of streams
held by production	- Refers to an oil and gas property under lease, in which the lease continues to be in force, because of production from the property.
ice age	Period of time when glaciers dominate the landscape of the Earth
kwaka	a Kawasaki motorcycle.
nominations	A precise listing of the quantities of gas to be transported during any specified time period
neural networks	A concept for advanced computer calculations developed by Alan Turing to mimic some of the operations of the neurons in a brain
credit history	A credit history is a record of credit use
azimuth	the angular distance of an object around or parallel to the horizon from a predefined zero point.
mean high water	(abbreviated MHW)
heave it out	throw away; discard.
total column ozone	A measurement of ozone concentration in the atmosphere.
u gauge	See MANOMETER.
condensation funnel	A funnel-shaped cloud associated with rotation and consisting of condensed water droplets (as opposed to smoke, dust, debris, etc.)
elevated temperature testing	Tests on plastic pipe above 23oC (73oF).
flaming	euphemism for damned, bloody: e.g., He's a flamin' idiot!
sun	Luminous star around which the Earth and other planets revolve around
continental margin	The area between a continent's shoreline and the beginning of the ocean floor
inventory turnover	Total sales divided by average inventory
drains	A vertical well or borehole, usually downstream of impervious cores, grout curtains or cutoffs, designed to collect and direct seepage through or under a dam to reduce uplift pressure under or within a dam
c horizon	Soil horizon normally found below the B horizon and above the R horizon
quasar	An unusually bright object found in the remote areas of the universe
caught the wog	became infected with a virus, cold, flu etc.
spot market	A market where goods are traded for immediate delivery.
band clamp	See LEAK CLAMP.
consumptive use	the total amount of water taken up by vegetation for transpiration and/or building of plant tissue, plus any associated, unavoidable evaporation of soil moisture.
industrial action	any action taken by a party in order to support its claims in relation to conditions of employment
sediment	Loose, solid particles that can originate by (1) weathering and erosion of preexisting rocks, (2) chemical precipitation from solution, usually in water, and (3) secretion by organisms.
snow line	Altitudinal or latitudinal limit separating zones where snow does not melt during the summer season from areas in which it does
acid soil	A soil material having a pH of less than 7.0
noncontact recreation	recreational pursuits not involving a significant risk of water ingestion, including fishing, commercial and recreational boating, and limited body contact incidental to shoreline activity
orogeny	The process whereby the deformation structures - folds, thrust, faults, etc
diatomaceous	consisting of or abounding in diatoms, a class of unicellular or colonial algae having a silicified cell wall that persists as a skeleton after death.
crude oil	A naturally occurring mixture of liquid hydrocarbons as it comes out of the ground (before or after any dissolved gas has been separated from it, but prior to any process of distilling or refining)
concentration	A number expressing the percent of the specified constituent in a mixture to the total quantity of the mixture, as pounds of salt per pound of brine.
electricity production	The process of generating electric energy
convective clouds	The vertically developed family of clouds are cumulus and cumulonimbus
severance tax	A tax paid to the state by producers of oil or gas in that state.
injection well	A well where gas or water is injected back into the reservoir, usually to increase pressure and thereby stimulate production
lost opportunity	In DSM, an efficiency measure that is cost-effective but does not get installed, and which is unlikely to be cost-effective at a later time.
potamophobia	The fear of rivers or running water.
average annual recharge	amount of water entering the aquifer on an average annual basis
gig	1
channel inflow	Water, which at any instant, is flowing into the channel system form surface flow, subsurface flow, base flow, and rainfall that has directly fallen onto the channel.
polycyclic landform	Landform that shows the repeated influence of one or more major geomorphic processes over geological time
serjeant-at-arms	an official of a court or city or parliament, with ceremonial duties.
beech forest	Evergreen trees of the beech family comprising hard beech, black beech, mountain beech, silver beech, and red beech.
flocculation	large scale treatment process involving gentle stirring whereby small particles in flocs are collected into larger particles so their weight causes them to settle to the bottom of the treatment tank.
pav	pavlova.
closed depression	A low, roughly concave topographic feature in a landscape
oxbow	a U-shaped bend in a river or stream that may or may not be cut off from the mainstem.
ebb current	A tidal current that is receding or declining.
priming	In a boiler, the excessive carry-over of fine water particles with the steam due to insufficient steam space, faulty boiler design, or faulty operating conditions
albedo	The portion of incoming radiation which is reflected by a surface.
capillary potential	The work required to move a unit mass of water from the reference plane to any point in the soil column.
mean tide level	HALCOCLINE: A zone in which SALINITY changes rapidly.
dispatching	The control of product flow in a system involving the assignment of load to the various sources of supply to meet the desired objectives.
drift	All rock material transported by a glacier and deposited either directly by the ice or reworked and deposited by meltwater streams and/or the wind.
breezy	15 to 25 mph winds.
air heater	Combustion air (fed to burners) can be heated to approximately 500 degrees F by transferring heat from the flue gases to the air.
atmosphere	(1) The gaseous portion of the planet
catfeed	Feedstock to a catalytic cracker, usually vacuum gasoil.
fixed-variable method	A rate design method which assigns all fixed costs to the demand component and all variable costs to the commodity component of rates
emissions	Gases and particulates discharged into the environment, usually the atmosphere.
send a line	write a letter to (someone).
wellhead price	The cost of gas as it comes from the well excluding cleaning, compression, transportation, and distribution charges.
universal time	also known as Greenwich Mean Time, this is local time on the Greenwich meridian
discharge	The rate at which water passes a given point
monitoring regulator	A pressure regulator set in series with a control pressure regulator for the purpose of automatically taking over the control of the pressure downstream in case that pressure tends to exceed a set maximum.
holding pond	a small basin or pond designed to hold sediment laden or contaminated water until it can be treated to meet water quality standards or be used in some other way.
wholesale wheeling	The transmission of electricity from a wholesale supplier to another wholesale supplier by a third party
give the poops	annoy, vex, irritate.
mwd	Measurement While Drilling.
meteor	A meteor is a meteoroid that has entered the Earth's atmosphere, usually making a fiery trail as it falls
bioremediation	a process that uses living organisms to remove pollutants.
equatorial kelvin wave	Eastward propagating wave centered about the equator with zonal but no meridional velocity
antibiotic	A substance that is produced by a species of microorganism and, in dilute solution, has the capacity to inhibit the growth of or kill certain other organisms.
nocturnal inversion	see radiational inversion.
discovery	The initial recognition and demonstration of the presence of valuable mineral within a claim.
apportionment	A distribution by OMB of amounts available for obligation in an appropriation or fund account, including budgetary reserves established by law
leg	(cricket) the half of the field (as divided lengthways through the pitch) in which the striker's feet are placed.
coccolith	One of the many armorlike plate that surround single-celled marine algae known as coccolithophores.
sunset	Moment of time when the Sun's edge completely disappears below the Earth's horizon.
two-part rate	A charge for electricity consisting of a demand (kW) component and an energy or commodity (kWh) component.
thermal expansion	The fractional change in length (sometimes volume, specified) of a material for a unit change in temperature.
rigid pvc	Polyvinyl chloride or a polyvinyl chloride/acetate copolymer characterized by a relatively high degree of hardness; it may be formulated with or without a small percentage of plasticizer
load shape	Variations in the power load over a daily, weekly or annual period.
response analysis	The representation of observed tidal variations in terms of the frequency-dependent amplitude and phase responses to input or forcing functions, usually the gravitational potential due to the Moon and Sun, and the radiational meteorological forcing.
euphotic zone	surface layer of an ocean, lake, or other body of water through which light can penetrate
intermontane valley	A valley located between or surrounded by mountain ranges, mountains or mountainous regions.
double bottom	A bullish reversal pattern characterized by two lows at roughly equal value.
saturated zone	The zone below and including the water table in which all pore spaces or fissures are totally filled with water
hydrogen embrittlement	The process whereby steel components become less resistant to breakage and generally much weaker in tensile strength
carpet python	the python Morelia spilotes variegata, widespread in Australia
fiber stress	The stress acting on a fiber or a strand of fibers in a piece of material that is subjected to an applied load.
inner core	Inner region of the Earth's core
aboriginal skin groups	the Aboriginal system of skin groups is a way in which some Aboriginal societies order themselves into kinship groups, and dictates how each member of the society conducts themselves, e.g
aboriginal land management	what we perceive as 'natural' landscapes in Australia (at least with regards to their plants and animals) are to a substantial degree cultural landscapes that have been (at least in part) created by and sustained by Aboriginal peoples
geophone	A device used in surface seismic acquisition, both onshore and on the seabed offshore, that detects ground velocity produced by seismic waves and transforms the motion into electrical impulses
zone rate	See RATE, ZONES.
pressure change	The net difference between pressure readings at the beginning and ending of a specified interval of time.
firm service	Service offered to customers (regardless of Class of Service) under schedules or contracts which anticipate no interruptions
adjustment clause	See CLAUSE, ADJUSTMENT.
quitclaim deed	A document by which one party (grantor) conveys title to a property, by giving up any claim which he may have to title (although he does not profess that claim is necessarily valid).
true north	Direction of the North Pole from an observer on the Earth.
hydraulic gradient	the slope of the water surface in an aquifer
catchment protection	Class 8 land which has such unfavourable characteristics that it is unsuited for agricultural, pastoral, or forestry use, although it is often well suited for recreational and wildlife use and for water yield.
pipeline	Underground or surface tubing or piping that is installed across states, countries and continents to deliver fuel
circle of illumination	A line that bisects areas on the Earth receiving sunlight and those areas in darkness
micrograms per liter	a measure of concentration
imperiled species	declining, rare, or uncommon species; species federally listed as threatened or endangered, or candidates for such; and species with limited distributions.
opposition	the position of a planet when it is exactly opposite the Sun as seen from Earth
gas cycling	A petroleum recovery process which takes gas produced with condensate and injects it back into the reservoir to aid in producing more condensate
transpiration	Transpiration is the process of water loss from plants through stomata
joint interest billing	Statement attached to a check disclosing well names, month of expenses, total expenses and venturers' shares.
subage	A small interval of geologic time; a division of an age.
spectrograph	an instrument that spreads light or other electromagnetic radiation into it's component wavelengths (spectrum), recording the results photographically or electronically.
silt	A rock fragment or mineral particle with a diameter of 1/16 mm to 1/256 mm, smaller than a very fine sand grain and larger than coarse clay.
bedrock	Rock at or near (beneath soil and regolith) the Earth's surface that is solid and relatively unweathered.
earth albedo	Is the reflectivity of the Earth's atmosphere and surface combined
river	A long narrow channel of water that flows as a function of gravity and elevation across the Earth's surface
interfluve	The raised area between two adjacent streams flowing in the same direction.
packer	A piece of downhole equipment that consists of a sealing device, a holding or setting device, and an inside passage for fluids
write-off	In common usage: a reduction in taxable income that results when allowable deductions are subtracted from gross income.
fault	A fracture in rocks, where the rocks on one side of the fracture have moved relative to those on the other side.
playa	Flat-floored bottom of an undrained desert basin, becoming at times a shallow muddy lake after heavy rainfall; or the flooding of a river which on evaporation may leave a deposit of salt or gypsum
suspended load	Portion of the stream load that is carried almost permanently suspended in flowing water.
co2	in geologic formations, to sequester the CO2 and/or convert it to methane.
non-performance	Failure to deliver gas under a contract or agreement.
intermontane	Situated between, or surrounded by, mountains or mountain ranges.
gustnado	Slang for a gust front tornado
anabranch	A diverging branch of a river which re-enters the main stream.
avocet	A type of wading bird found in wetlands such as salt marshes and mudflats
neptune	Planet eighth in order from the sun
stream	the type of runoff where water flows in a channel downhill because of the pull of gravity
conduit	a natural or artificial channel through which fluids may be conveyed.
seasonal cycle	Changes in the environment brought about by the changes in the seasons- winter, spring, summer, autumn.
enteric viruses	a category of viruses related to human excreta found in waterways.
selectors	(cricket etc) the officials who select the members of a team for an upcoming game.
scarp	a relatively straight cliMike face or slope that separates terrain lying at different levels.
keystone species	Species that interacts with a large number of other species in a community
drawdown	the drop in the water table or level of groundwater when water is being pumped from a well; the amount of water used from a tank or reservoir; the drop in the water level of a tank or reservoir.
impervious	The ability to repel water, or not let water infiltrate.
tight hole	A drilling well in which the information obtained is restricted and passed only to those authorized to receive it.
coal	A sedimentary rock composed primarily of carbonaceous material formed by plant remains transformed by heat and time.
water table	The level below which the soil or rock is saturated with water. The upper surface of the saturated zone in an unconfined aquifer.
esky lid	(derog.) in surfing slang, a bodyboard.
cloudburst	An extreme amount of heavy rainfall, sometimes with hail and thunder, which normally lasts no longer than a few minutes but is capable of causing floods.
subscription rights	A privilege to the stockholders of a corporation to purchase proportionate amounts of a new issue of securities at an established price, usually below the current market price; also, the negotiable certificate or warrant evidencing such privilege.
relocated	A term used in an advisory to indicate that a vector drawn from the preceding advisory position to the latest know position is not necessarily a reasonable representation of the cyclone's movement.
stalagmite	A column of mineral deposits that grow upward from the floor, often from water dripping down from a stalactite above.
tight spot	A section of a borehole in which excessive wall cake has built up, reducing the hole diameter and making it difficult to run the tools in and out.
forward price curve	When plotted together, a series of forward prices creates a forward curve, reflecting a range of today's tradable values for specified dates in the future
stratiform rings and bands	These occur between the active convective bands of a hurricane outside of the eye wall
meridional flow	Large-scale atmospheric flow in which the north-south component (i.e., longitudinal, or along a meridian) is pronounced
ice gorge	The gorge or opening left in a jam after it has broken.
facultative bacteria	bacteria that can live under aerobic or anaerobic conditions.
stack loss	The flue gas loss; the sensible and latent heat lost up the chimney in the flue gas.
superseding tariff sheets	Revised tariff sheets filed with the Commission to update or modify original or previously revised tariff sheets currently on file in a pipeline's FERC Gas Tariff
rift valley	Steep sided valley found on the Earth's surface created by tectonic rifting.
special fire weather	Meteorological services uniquely required by user agencies which cannot be provided at an NWS office during normal working hours
displacement	Change in water level (rise or fall) measured from static position
prokaryote	Organisms whose cells have their genetic material in the form of loose strands of DNA found in the cytoplasm
actinomycetes	Unicellular filamentous microorganisms that branch monopodially or more rarely dichotomously and form radiating colonies; mainly found in the soil, and cause of its characteristic odor.
polyvinylchloride	A polymer prepared by the polymerization of vinyl chloride with or without small amounts of other monomers.
chemical flooding	An enhanced recovery process in which water, with added chemicals, is injected into an oil reservoir to increase recovery.
astraphobia	Fear of being struck by lightning
sanitary surface seals	A grouted annular space around the well casing which usually extends from the land surface to several metres deep
fractured	See 'Hydraulic fracturing'.
river-clamp	Long, heavy iron or concrete sleeves installed on a pipeline to prevent injury to pipe laid in a river bottom and to weight the pipe
fahrenheit	The standard scale used to measure temperature in the United States; in which the freezing point of water is 32° and the boiling point is 212°.
international energy agency	An autonomous organization comprised of the main oil-consuming countries established in 1974 under the OECD for collective action on energy.
sweet crude oil	An industry term for crude oil relatively low in sulphur content
stickney	Angeline Stickney (1830-1892) The wife of Asaph Hall, known for her persistent encouragement of her husband as he strove to and eventually succeeded in the discovery of the satellites of Mars.
p.o. box 43078	Providence, Rhode Island 02940-3078
outer convective bands	These bands occur in advance of main rain shield and up to 300 miles from the eye of the hurricane
rollover	The rapid release of vapor when stratified layers of LNG suddenly mix.
blowing snow	Wind-driven sand that significantly reduces surface visibility to less than 7 miles.
hills hoist	an Australian-invented (and now ubiquitous) clothesline comprising a central pole with a lever to raise and lower the main structure, which is rather like the ribs of an umbrella with clothesline strung in rows, and which spins around in a circular fashion.
watershed	an area defining the boundaries of a single river or stream drainage
holocene epoch	The interval of geologic time between approximately 10,000 years ago and the present.
nucleus	the positively charged core of an atom, consisting of protons and neutrons (except for hydrogen), around which electrons orbit.
radioactive decay	Natural decay of the nucleus of an atom where alpha or beta particle and/or gamma rays are released at a fixed rate.
specific capacity	a measure of the productivity of a well
sbcape	CAPE calculated using a Surface based parcel.
shale	Rock that is often impervious to water (will not allow water to move through it) but rather soft, brittle, and easily eroded
legume	Angiosperm plant species that is a member of the Fabaceae (Pea or Bean) family
regulatory lag	The time interval between when a charge or credit originates and when it becomes a part of the charge for service approved by the regulatory agency
traveling block	An arrangement of pulleys, or sheaves, through which drilling cable is reeved, which moves up or down in the derrick or mast.
hud	The United States Department of Housing and Urban Development
nitric oxide	A gas produced by bacterial action in the soil and by high temperature combustion
periodic table	Table that describes some of the chemical properties of the known elements.
borehole compensated sonic log	The borehole compensated sonic sonde carries two sets of transducers, one with its transmitter above its receiver pair and one with its transmitter below
pipeline peaking service	Any service provided by a pipeline company to assist its customers in smoothing the fluctuations in their demand for gas.
niche	Adaptive role that a species has in a habitat
delta	A low, nearly flat, alluvial land form deposited at or near the mouth of a river where it enters a body of standing water; commonly a triangular or fan-shaped plain extending beyond the general trend of a coastline.
proxy data	Data that measures the cause and effect relationship between two variables indirectly.
hydrocarbons	Naturally occurring organic substances composed of hydrogen and carbon
pseudo-warm front	A boundary between a supercell's inflow region and the forward-flank downdraft (or FFD)
dow theory	Theory of market movement developed by Charles Dow that prices move in defined trends of successive higher peaks and higher troughs in an uptrend, and lower peaks and lower troughs in a downtrend
aerate	To impregnate with a gas usually air.
ccs	it refers for instance to the ability of a porous rock, such as sandstone, which acts like a sponge to allow the injected CO2 to fill the tiny spaces between grains of the rock (see pore spaces).
psychrometer	A device for measuring the humidity in the air, employing a wet bulb and a dry bulb thermometer.
biotic potential	Maximum rate that a population of a given species can increase in size (number of individuals) when there are no limits on growth rate.
cleavage	When a mineral is broken, cleavage is shown by the pattern in which it breaks along crystallographic planes
capture cross section	The nuclear capture cross section for neutrons is the effective area within which a neutron passes in order to be captured by an atomic nucleus
barometric tendency	The amount and direction of change in barometer readings over a three-hour period.
flange up	To complete the drilling of a well.
gob	Good Ordinary Brand
lake	A body standing water found on the Earth's continental land masses
hydrologic cycle	natural pathway water follows as it changes between liquid, solid, and gaseous states; biogeochemical cycle that moves and recycles water in various forms through the ecosphere
barometric pressure	The actual pressure value indicated by a pressure sensor.
easting	First measurement of a grid reference used to specific the location of a point on a rectangular coordinate system
callisto	In Greek mythology, a nymph, follower of Artemis
headwater basin	A basin at the headwaters of a river
macroburst	One of 2 categories of downbursts (the other category is called a microburst)
drip box	A box around a drip, accessible at grade level, which protects the drip and pipe.
half-life	The period required for the decay of half of the atoms in a given amount of a specific radioactive substance.
desulfurization	The process by which sulfur and sulfur compounds are removed from gases or liquid hydrocarbon mixtures.
landfill gas	Gas produced by aerobic and anaerobic decomposition of a landfill generally composed of approximately 55% methane and 45% carbon dioxide, sometimes refined with membrane methods to eliminate the carbon dioxide.
ford	A shallow point in a stream or river that can be crossed easily on foot by humans or horses, or in a vehicle.
cold core funnel	A funnel cloud or (rarely) a small, relatively weak tornado that can develop from a small shower or thunderstorm when the air aloft is unusually cold (hence the name)
downtime	Time lost during drilling, often as a result of equipment breakdown.
isohaline	Of equal or constant salinity
ablation	Depletion of snow and ice by melting and evaporation.
moraine	Mound or ridge of debris deposited by a glacier
centripetal force	Force required to keep an object moving in a circular pattern around a center of rotation
kokoberra	an Aboriginal clan containing a number of tribal groups, whose country stretches from the southern part of the Mitchell River delta to the Nassau River
depletion	The exhaustion of a petroleum reservoir; the reduction in value of a wasting asset by removing minerals; for tax purposes, the removal and sale of minerals from a mineral deposit.
apportionment	A distribution by OMB of amounts available for obligation in an appropriation or fund account, including budgetary reserves established by law.
gas balance report	A monthly accounting report containing month-end meter station allocations for each customer/shipper contract
gathering system	A system of lines that moves water and gas to processing units.
bag-off	Inflatable bags and stoppers placed in a main to seal off gas flow.
septic tank	a sewage disposal tank in which bacteria decompose waste
ash	fine pyroclastic fragments equal to or less than 4 millimeters in diameter
stratification	characters of sedimentary rocks being a succession of horizontal or inclined stratas.
dim sim	dim sum; a small roll of steamed or fried meat cooked in thin dough.
chlorophyll	Green pigment found in plants and some bacteria used to capture the energy in light through photosynthesis.
nomad	a wanderer, a person or animal which moves from place to place
supply tracking	A supply forecasting procedure utilized during a period when supply capability exceeds demand, whereby deliverability is restricted to (or "tracks") that demand, until such time as supply capability falls below the demand level.
cobble	rock fragment rounded under water action (sea, river), size ranging from 2 mm to 25 cm
glacial period	"The Glacial Period may have lasted more than a million years
cation	A positive electrically charged ion such as a sodium or calcium ion.
ice wedge	Wedge-shaped, ice body composed of vertically oriented ground ice that extends into the top of a permafrost layer
department of energy	A United States cabinet-level federal agency responsible for managing national energy policy, nuclear power, nuclear weapons programs and the national energy research labs.
impermeable	having a texture that does not permit water to move through quickly
hot spring	A spring whose water temperature is above 36.6 °C (98 °F).
pastoral use	Growing of pasture to be harvested by grazing animals, but in some cases, e.g
evaporator	Equipment or device that extracts or drives out vapors from liquid solutions or gases
karst	Collective term for the land forms and subterranean features found in areas with relatively thin soils underlain by limestone or other soluble rocks; characterized by many sinkholes separated by steep ridges or irregular hills
radionuclide	A radioactive nuclide (atom).
ophir	In the Bible, a land to which King Solomon sent a naval expedition
heat	Heat is defined as energy in the process of being transferred from one object to another because of the temperature difference between them
design day availability	The amount of each type of gas arranged to be available on the design day and the maximum combination of such supplies
accas	An acronym for Altocumulus Castellanus.
intrastate gas	Gas sold and consumed in the state where it is produced and not transported in interstate pipelines.
canyon	Steep-sided valley where depth is considerably greater than width
functionalization	The process of assigning each component of a company's cost of service to the functions the company performs (e.g., production, storage, transmission, distribution).
sustained wind	Wind speed determined by averaging observed values over a 2-minute period.
fire point	Minimum temperature at which a substance will continue to burn after being ignited.
working gas	Gas in an underground storage field that is available for market
cost-effectiveness test	See BENEFIT-COST TEST.
dividend appropriations	Amounts declared payable out of unappropriated retained earnings as dividends on outstanding preferred or common stock.
listing agreement	A contract executed by the auctioneer and the seller which authorizes the auctioneer to conduct the auction and sets out the terms of the agreement and the rights and responsibilities of each party.
gi-normous	very big; huge.
low level jet	It often forms at 1-1.5 km under the exit region (the place just ahead of a speed maximum) of an upper-level jet (ULJ) streak
ozone advisory	It is issued by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) through the National Weather Service when ozone levels reach 100
microburst	One of 2 categories of downbursts (the other category is called a macroburst)
rainwash	The erosion of soil by overland flow
load factor	The ratio of the average requirement to the maximum requirements for the same time period, as one day, one hour, etc.
stony-iron	A class of meteorites composed mostly of a mixture of silicates and iron metal.
cost of service tariff	A special type of tariff which allows a gas pipeline to adjust periodically for any overage or underage in recovery of its cost of service (including per unit adjustments for loss of load)
rolled filled dam	An embankment dam of earth or rock in which the material is placed in layers and compacted by using rollers or rolling equipment.
likely	A National Weather Service precipitation descriptor for a 60% or 70% chance of measurable precipitation (0.01")
celestial	Having to do with the skies or visible heavens (the Sun, Moon, stars, and planetary bodies).
confined aquifer	An aquifer that is bounded above and below by confining layers which transmit water significantly slower than the aquifer. The water level in a well, tapping a confined aquifer, will rise above the top of the aquifer because the confined aquifer is under pressure. Also called artesian aquifer.
glenaire	a small rural settlement located on the Victorian seaside and adjacent to the Otway National Park
moderate flooding	The inundation of secondary roads; transfer to higher elevation necessary to save property - some evacuation may be required.
marine	With reference to ocean environments and processes.
wilting point	The moisture content of soil, on an ovendry basis, at which a plant (specifically a sunflower) wilts so much that it does not recover when placed in a humid, dark chamber.
hyperion	In Greek mythology, a Titan, son of Uranus and Gaea
volcanic block	A pyroclastic rock fragment ranging from about fist- to car-sized.
ferrel cell	Three-dimensional atmospheric circulation cell located at roughly 30 to 60° North and South of the equator.
aborigines act 1905	established legal guardianship over all Aboriginal children and 'half-castes' under the age of 16 to the office of Chief Protector, and prohibited co-habitation of Aborigines and non-Aborigines.
year event	The probabilistic frequency for an event of a given magnitude (e.g., a 1000-year flood).
crater	a hole or depression
spillway	the channel or passageway around or over a dam through which excess water is diverted.
lignite	Low grade coal
shear stress	Stress caused by forces operating parallel to each other but in opposite directions.
mb	An acronym for millibars.
specific gravity	the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of another-commonly water
lease	The area of land where drilling is carried out, accessed from the landholder under a land access agreement.
heavy water	Water containing significantly more than the natural proportion (1 in 6500) of heavy hydrogen (deuterium) atoms to ordinary hydrogen atoms
plat	A map or chart of a lot, subdivision or community drawn by a surveyor showing boundary lines, buildings, improvements on the land, and easements
spillover effects	Reductions in energy consumption in a utility's service territory caused by the presence of DSM programs, beyond program-induced savings of the participants.
comet	A large mass of ice and dust that has an orbit around a star.
jar test	a laboratory procedure that simulates a water treatment plant's coagulation/flocculation units with differing chemical doses, mix speeds, and settling times to estimate the minimum or ideal coagulant dose required to achieve certain water quality goals.
retail competition	See domestic competition.
joint	In geologic terms, a natural fracture, usually vertical, in a rock
flood tide	Time during the tidal period when the tide is rising
anode	A rectangular plate of metal cast in a shape suitable for refining by the electrolytic process.
direct solar radiation	Solar radiation received by the Earth's atmosphere or surface which has not been modified by atmospheric scattering.
stream long profile	Vertical and horizontal profile of the stream
evaporation pits	A common brine disposal technique intended to recover the brine product (water evaporates leaving behind a concentrated salt solution)
e-4	Russian high sulfur straight-run feedstock
moving-bed gasifier	A gasifier in which coke is fed into the top keeping the gasifier essentially full when operating
cloud point	The temperature at which a fuel, when cooled, begins to congeal and take on a cloudy appearance caused by the bonding of paraffins.
salinization	Pedogenic process that concentrates salts at or near the soil surface because evapotranspiration greatly exceeds water inputs from precipitation.
squeeze	forcing cement into a wellbore to isolate perforations or repair damage.
at-the-money	An option whose exercise price is equal, or close to, the current price in the underlying market
throughput level	The combination of Sales Level and Transportation Level
wildcat	Well drilled in unproven territory
backhaul	A transaction that results in the transportation of gas in a direction opposite of the aggregate physical flow of gas in the pipeline
throughfall	Describes the process of precipitation passing through the plant canopy
fiduciaries	123
geothermal power	Power generated by using the heat energy of the earth.
ammonium fixation	The adsorption or absorption of ammonium ions by the mineral or organic fractions of the soil in such a way that the ions are relatively insotuble in water and relatively unexchangeable by the usual methods of cation exchange.
spring	a point of natural groundwater discharge to the ground surface into a brook, stream, river, or lake.
glory hole	a repository of disorganised odds and ends.
recharge area	A geographic area where water enters (recharges) an aquifer
mon	Motor Octane Number
buy-out costs	Payments made by pipelines to producers to extinguish (buy-out) outstanding take-or-pay liabilities under existing contracts, or to reform (buy-down) the contracts.
attachment	The legal process of seizing the real or personal property of a defendant in a law suit, by levy or judicial order, and holding it in the custody of the court as security for satisfaction of the judgment.
kylie	(chiefly Western Australia)—a boomerang.
bridle	The disconnectable, rubber insulation-covered downhole end of a survey cable on which current and measure electrodes (cable electrodes) are mounted for resistivity measuring electrode configurations requiring longer spacings than can be attained on a sonde
megawatt	A unit of electrical power equal to one million watts or one thousand kilowatts.
municipal sewage	sewage from a community which may be composed of domestic sewage, industrial wastes or both.
air conditioning central	A mechanical system that is designed to provide air conditioning, which may include cooling, heating, dehumidifying, circulation and cleaning
inked	drunk; intoxicated; inebriated.
eclipse	the total or partial blocking of one celestial body by another.
allocation-capacity	A process by which capacity available in a pipeline is distributed to parties in the event requests for volume (i.e., nominations) are in excess of the available space
optimum crop production	Maximising sustainable crop production within the environmental limits of a particular soil and site.
fissionable isotope	Isotope that can undergo nuclear fission when hit by a neutron at the right speed
cellular	Composed of cells
mixed tide	A tide in which the diurnal and semidiurnal components are both prominent
mwd	A real time log taken from sensors located in the bottom of the drillstring.
landslide	A mass movement of rock and soil caused by a slope becoming unstable from heavy rainfall, an earthquake or erosion.
dry valley	A valley found in areas underlain by limestone or chalk rocks that no longer has a surface flow of water
cave	A natural cavity or chamber beneath the surface of the earth that is large enough to permit entry to people.
inert	A material not acted upon chemically by the surrounding environment
storm hydrograph	A hydrograph representing the flow or discharge of water past a point on a river.
displacement	Displacement transactions permit the lateral movement of gas through a transportation network
environmental impact	Any alteration to the environment caused by man and affects human, animal, fish and/or plant life.
clapotis	A standing wave phenomenon associated with the reflection of an ocean-wave train from a vertical surface, such as a breakwater or pier.
ice storm	It is usually used to describe occasions when damaging accumulations of ice are expected during freezing rain situations
channelization	The modification of a natural river channel; may include deepening, widening, or straightening.
amphidromic point	A point on a chart of cotidal lines from which the cotidal lines radiate.
landform	The characteristic shape of the earth’s surface on which a soil type is developed
magellan	Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521) Portuguese navigator whose ship completed the first circumnavigation of the Earth.
zenith	a point directly overhead from an observer.
vocs	volatile organic chemicals.
orbit	The path of an object revolving around another object due to common gravity, e.g., the Moon around the Earth or planets moving around the Sun.
water pollution	degradation of a body of water by a substance or condition to such a degree that the water fails to meet specified standards or cannot be used for a specific purpose.
water balance	A record of the outflow from, inflow to, and storage in a hydrologic unit like an aquifer, drainage basin etc.
delta	an alluvial deposit made of rock particles (sediment, and debris) dropped by a stream as it enters a body of water.
velocity	The time measurement of linear motion (flow) in a given direction
fnq	Far North Queensland; an informal appellation designating the area between Cairns and Cooktown
sacajawea	Sacajawea (Bird Woman) (1786?-1812) Native American who accompanied and guided the Lewis and Clark expedition from the Missouri River to the Pacific Ocean and back.
mean tidal range	The difference between MHW and MLW.
line pipe	Steel pipe generally used to construct pipelines to transport petroleum and natural gas.
service economy	An area whose economic activities are dominated by the tertiary ‘service' sector rather than primary extraction or secondary manufacturing activities
semi-diurnal tides	Two high water and two low water levels in approximately 24 hours.
internal combustion	Pertains to any engine in which the heat or pressure necessary to produce power is developed in the engine cylinder by the combustion of a fuel.
wind rose	A diagram that shows the percent of time that the wind blows from different directions at a given location over a given time.
unconfined aquifer	A partially saturated aquifer which contains a water table which is free to fluctuate vertically under atmospheric pressure in response to discharge or recharge.
wind shift line	A long, but narrow axis across which the winds change direction (usually veer).
valve	A mechanical device for controlling the flow of fluids and gases; types such as gate, ball, globe, needle, and plug valves are used.
family	See Soil family
water jacket	An outer casing which holds water or through which water flows and circulates to absorb heat and cool the interior of the mechanism or machinery that the water jacket is surrounding.
pass with a push	be accepted grudgingly.
troposphere	the layer of atmosphere closest to the Earth, extending seven to ten miles above the surface, containing most of the clouds and moisture.
anisotropic mass	A mass whose properties have different values when they are measured in different directions at any given point.
langley	The unit of solar energy relating to the amount which reaches a specific area of the earth's surface
pumpkin	A reinforcing sleeve welded over a coupling.
oil reforming	Step in producing carbureted water gas in which a fraction of the carburetion oil is cracked to useful gas in the water gas carburetor and superheater.
bbq	A composite of Bonny, Brass River and Qua Ibo crudes from Nigeria.
sustainability	Sustainability in the context of land use means to manage the land in a way that will permit continued use over the long term without significant degredation to the land and surrounding environment while also maintaining financially viability.
litter	Accumulation of leaves, twigs and other forms of organic matter on the soil surface
turbo blower	A blower in which the rotating part is equipped with blades that rotate between stationary blades attached to the housing
referee	a person willing to testify to the character of an application for employment etc.
reservoir pressure	The pressure found within a reservoir at a specific point in time
hobbledehoy	1
mercury	The planet closest to the sun
25.2000	21.3500
adsorbed water	Water held mechanically in a soil mass and having physical properties similar to ordinary water at the same temperature and pressure.
discharger	any person who discharges waste that could affect the quality of state waters
pay a visit	go to the toilet.
micro-nutrients	Chemical elements needed in only very small (micro) amounts for the growth of plants, e.g., boron, molybdenum.
carnegie salient	an area of east Gippsland characterised by extensive salt lake features supporting succulent steppes.
dolomite	A calcium-magnesium carbonate mineral, (CaMg(CO3)2)
abstract of title	A chronological history of the ownership of a tract of land, including surface rights and mineral rights.
building line	Distances from the ends and/or sides of the lot beyond which construction may not extend
volcanic neck	See volcanic pipe.
nondegradation	an environmental policy that does not allow any lowering of naturally occurring water quality regardless of pre-established health standards.
recharge	increases in groundwater storage from precipitation, infiltration from streams, or human activity (artificial recharge), such as putting surface water into spreading basins
porous	something which allows water to pass through it
kitchen tea	pre-wedding party for women where the guests bring an item for the kitchen as a gift; wedding shower.
discharge	See stream discharge.
flinders ranges bottlebrush	Calistemon teretifolius, a small to medium shrub, 3m high by 4m across
prevailing visibility	The visibility that is considered representative of conditions at the station; the greatest distance that can be seen throughout at least half the horizon circle, not necessarily continuous.
sea level datum	See mean sea level.
mostly sunny	When the predominant/average sky condition is covered 1/8 to 2/8 with opaque (not transparent) clouds
flood wave	A rise in streamflow to a crest and its subsequent recession caused by precipitation, snowmelt, dam failure, or reservoir releases.
piezometer	A device for measuring pore water pressure (i.e
docket	A formal proceeding with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission or local Public Utility Regulatory Commission for construction or abandonment of facilities, changes in rates and rulemaking.
knocker	person who consistently derides, criticises and condemns everybody and anything.
joint of pipe	A length of drill pipe, tubing, or casing, usually 30 feet in length.
kilogram	one thousand grams.
mmbtu	One million British thermal units.
dual fuel	An energy use for which there is an alternative fuel.
clarification	the clearing action that occurs during wastewater treatment when solids settle out
wave crest	The curved tops or ridges of an oscillating wave.
compressor	A machine used to boost natural gas pressure to move it through pipelines or other facilities.
bop system	(Blow Out Prevention) High pressure valve, associated activation and control equipment fitted to the top of the casing to prevent blowouts.
hidy-hole	1 secret place or spot; a personal place of refuge.
naphtha	Straight-run gasoline fractions
firn	Névé on a glacier that survives the year's ablation season
random	Process or event that occurs by chance.
geophysics	Study of the Earth with quantitative physical methods
groundwater	Water that occurs below surface, either in unconsolidated materials (ex
nipdwr	National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations.
undercurrent	A current below the upper currents or surface of a fluid body.
spectral line	a line in a spectrum due to the emission or absorption of electromagnetic radiation at a discrete wavelength
sound attenuation	A reduction in the sound level.
heavy metals	Metallic elements with atomic numbers equal to or higher than uranium, used as a collective term to provide interdependence of the exact chemical form.
shefpars	A software decoder for SHEF Data.
pyroxene	A magnesium-iron silicate mineral family but distinct from olivine found in many different forms in meteorites.
breaker zone	LOAD: The quantity of SEDIMENT transported by a current
pressure	When expressed with reference to pipe, the force per unit area exerted by the medium in the pipe.
escape road	safety ramp.
thermal recovery	A type of improved recovery in which heat is introduced into a reservoir to lower the viscosity of heavy oils and to facilitate their flow into producing wells.
tide tables	Tables which give daily predictions of the times and heights of high and low waters
owner	A legal entity which has ownership interest in a fixed asset, product, pipeline or well.
water supplier	one who owns or operates a public water system.
breach	The failed opening in a dam.
flooding	One of the methods of enhanced oil recovery
base pressure	The pressure used as a standard in determining gas volume
prognostic discussion	This Hydrometeorological Prediction Center discussion may include analysis of numerical and statistical models, meteorological circulation patterns and trends, and confidence factors
bittern region	The liquid remaining after sea water has been concentrated by evaporation until salt has crystallized.
dcg	Deep coal gas
chemical weathering	The breakdown of rock material brought about by the action of chemicals, usually in aqueous solution.
percentage lease	A lease of property in which the rent is based upon the percentage of the sales volume made on the specific premises
bpa	Bonneville Power Authority
heat capacity	Is the ratio of the amount of heat energy absorbed by a substance compared to its corresponding temperature rise.
static water depth	the vertical distance from the centerline of the pump discharge down to the surface level of the free pool while no water is being drawn from the pool or water table.
every which way	in all directions; all over the place: e.g., The wind blew my newspaper every which way.
castlereigh river	rises in rugged, broken country in the Warrumbungle Range and flows eastwards to the town of Coonabarabran
environmental protection agency	Federal agency that regulates industrial impacts on the environment
kick occurs	when the pressure encountered in a formation exceeds the pressure exerted by the column of drilling mud circulating through the hole
flood frequency	how often, on average, a discharge of a given magnitude occurs at a particular location on a stream
incrustation	Mineral matter deposited by water
pit level	Height of drilling mud in the mud tanks, or pits
salting	The act of introducing metals or minerals into a deposit or samples, resulting in false assays, done either by accident or with the intent of making fraudulent claims about a deposit's value.
head south	disappear.
rfc	Centers that serve groups of Weather Service Forecast offices in providing hydrologic guidance and is the first echelon office for the preparation of river and flood forecasts and warnings.
inch-degrees	The product of inches of rainfall multiplied the temperature in degrees above freezing (Fahrenheit Scale), used as a measure of the snowmelt capacity of rainfall.
joint venture	Term used to describe a specific oil and gas investment project.
administrator	A person appointed by the court to manage and settle the estate of a deceased person who has left no will.
precambrian	Span of geologic time that dates from 4.6 billion to 570 million years ago
give a serve	berate or criticise (someone).
nyos in cameroon	West Africa.
ner	New Entrant Reserve: An amount of EUAs set aside under the EU ETS to allow for new CO2 emitting facilities.
keyseating	A condition in which the drill collar of another part of the drill string becomes wedged in a section of crooked hole.
gas	A state of matter where molecules are free to move in any direction they like
double tide	A double-headed tide, that is, a high water consisting of two maxima of nearly the same height separated by a relatively small depression, or a low water consisting of two minima separated by a relatively small elevation
methanation	Catalytic upgrading of synthetic fuel gas to high Btu
porosity	The volume of spaces within rock or coal seam that might contain oil and gas (like the amount of water a sponge can hold); the open or void space within rock.
groundwater rebound	Rising groundwater levels resulting from a reduction in abstraction rates following a period of high abstraction which kept groundwater levels artificially low
atmosphere	The gaseous envelope surrounding a star, planet, or satellite and bound to it by gravity
lost opportunity resources	DSM resources that, if not installed initially, become more costly to exploit
ancillary services	Any service required by a system operator to deliver electricity to the ultimate consumer
trustee	A party who is given legal responsibility to hold and administer property for the benefit of another (the beneficiary)
till plain	Extensive flat plain of till that forms when a sheet of ice becomes detached from the main body of the glacier and melts in place depositing the sediments it carried.
aniline point	Reports the aromatics content of a mixture.
king george settlement	a penal colony founded as a military base, for the protection of British interests against French encroachment
brine	Seawater with a salinity greater than 35 parts per thousand
burn index	A fire control management system that integrates the effects of selected fire danger factors into one or more qualitative or numerical indices from which ease of ignition and probable fire behavior may be estimated
pump rate	The speed, or velocity, at which a pump is run
maximum working pressure	The maximum actual operating pressure existing in a piping system during a normal annual operating cycle or the maximum pressure for safe operation of a system.
crater	The bowl shaped scar formed when an asteroid strikes the Earth or other body
refinance	Obtaining a new mortgage with all or some portion of the proceeds used to pay off the original mortgage.
wellhead	The equipment at the surface of a well used to control the pressure; the point at which the hydrocarbons and water exit the ground.
sling psychrometer	A psychrometer in which the wet and dry bulb thermometers are mounted upon a frame connected to a handle
base level	In general, the lowest point in the water table in a given area
company used gas	The quantity of gas consumed by a gas distribution or gas transmission company or the gas department of a combination company for the use of the gas company or gas department in its gas operations such as fuel for
heredity	The transmission of behavioral, physiological and morphological characteristics from parent to offspring.
proposals map	This illustrates in map form the policies and proposals in the development plan document.
float collar	A special coupling device
reynolds number	Dimensionless number relating the ratio of inertial to viscous forces
surface rupture	The breakage of ground along the surface trace of a fault caused by the intersection of the fault surface area ruptured in an earthquake with the Earth's surface.
milligrams per liter	Milligrams per liter of water
rain gauge	Instrument that measures the rain that falls at a location over a period of time.
nitrogen saturation	Over abundance of nitrogen in natural ecosystems because of human induced inputs related to agriculture and fossil fuel combustion.
backflow	The backing up of water through a conduit or channel in the direction opposite to normal flow.
value of service	The concept that the value of a utility service to a consumer cannot be greater than the cost of an equally satisfactory substitute service or the consumer will switch to the substitute.
devise	That part of a will that leaves real property.
coastline	The line that separates a land surface from an ocean or sea.
nonpoint source	source of pollution in which wastes are not released at one specific, identifiable point but from a number of points that are spread out and difficult to identify and control
natural environment	all living and nonliving things that occur naturally on the earth; not made
burst test	Method of hydrostatic testing plastic pipe by a uniformly increasing internal pressure so that the pipe fails in 60 to 70 seconds
nominated volume	The physical quantity of gas requested, typically in MMBtu/day, for a specific contract or for all contracts at a specific point.
derivative	A financial transaction that derives its value from the value of another asset
correlation	A measure of the similarity between variables or functions.
fin-fan cooler	A dry cooler that passes cooling air over finned tubes, through which some hot fluid is being passed, during the cooling process
cast a glamour over	enchant.
absentee bid	A procedure which allows a bidder to participate in the bidding process without being physically present
nyquist velocity or interval	The maximum unambiguous velocity that can be measured by a Doppler radar.
geographic information systems	Computer-based systems for storing and manipulating geographic (spatial) information.
median particle size	value for which half the particles in a sample have a greater diameter and half a lesser diameter.
rock class of stones/rocks	Describes the rock class of underlying rock (if rock occurs within 100 cm) or of stones occurring within the soil profile within a depth of 0–100 cm
backwardation	A market where the price for nearby delivery is higher than for further forward months
glum-bum	a pessimist.
farm in	Where a company joins a joint venture in return for paying for future (and sometimes past) joint venture operations.
lock-up or lock-off	The point at which a regulator or governor shuts of completely.
detrital rock	Sedimentary rock that is composed of particles transported to their place of deposition by erosional processes
tax life	The facility life permitted by the tax law for use in determining the tax depreciation deduction.
raoring forties	A popular nautical term for the stormy ocean regions between 40 degreesand 50 degreeslatitude
slope failure	The downslope movement of soil and sediment by processes of mass movement.
eucalyptus	any tree of the genus Eucalyptus, native to Australia, cultivated for its timber and the oil from its leaves.
wind chill advisory	The National Weather Service issues this product when the wind chill could be life threatening if action is not taken
acidizing	A technique for increasing the flow of oil and/or gas into a well
temporary certificate	Temporary authorization from the Commission allowing a jurisdictional pipeline for good cause to commence sales and service and/or construction of facilities prior to the time that the Commission issues a permanent certificate pursuant to Section 7 of the NGA of 1938.
deposition	The laying down or depositing of rock-forming materials by natural processes, such as the settling of sediment in a river.
galilean moons	the name given to Jupiter's four largest moons, Io, Europa, Callisto & Ganymede
era	A unit of geologic time that is next in magnitude beneath an eon; consists of two or more periods
gigajoule	A joule is an international unit of energy defined as the energy produced from one watt flowing for one second
canopy drip	Redirection of a proportion of the rain or snow falling on a plant to the edge of its canopy.
refrigerant	A substance which will absorb heat while vaporizing and whose boiling point and other properties make it useful as a medium for refrigeration
grassed waterway	natural or constructed watercourse or outlet that is shaped or graded and planted in suitable vegetation for the disposal of runoff water without erosion.
sychrophobia	The fear of ice or frost
fishery	the aquatic region in which a certain species of fish lives
free carrier	The rail- and roadfreight equivalent of Free on board.
shear stress	the frictional force per unit area exerted on a streambed by flowing water
solar cycle	the approximately 11-year quasi-periodic variation in frequency or number of solar active events.
perennial stream	one that flows all year round
outflow channel	A natural stream channel which transports reservoir releases.
modified btu method	A modification of the Btu Method of allocating costs between different operations or between different products.
meridional transport	Transport of atmospheric and oceanic energy from the equator to the poles.
audit	An examination of records of real estate transactions to verify accuracy and adequacy.
tricone bit	A tricone bit is a commonly used drill bit that uses three rotating cones on the tip to shift layers of earth.
watch status reports	This product lets the NWFO know of the status of the current severe weather watch (Tornado or Severe Thunderstorm)
continuous permafrost	Form of permafrost that exists across a landscape as an unbroken layer.
geodesy	the science of determining the exact size and shape of bodies in the solar system, and of the distribution of mass within the bodies.
fd	Free Delivered
convergence	A contraction of a vector field; the opposite of divergence
gl	Ground level
flyer	female kangaroo.
waste gas	See GAS, FLUE.
oxygen deficiency	An atmosphere containing oxygen at a concentration of less than 19.5% by volume and is not safe for breathing.
continental shelf	area at the edges of a continent from the shoreline to a depth of 200 m [660 ft], where the continental slope begins
halley	Edmond Halley (1656-1742) English astronomer
sea level	Sea level is the normal level of the sea's surface, halfway between mean high and low tide levels.
discharge area	an area or position where groundwater is delivered to the ground surface
convection	Convection involves the transfer of heat energy by means of vertical mass motions through a medium.
dark matter	a term used to describe matter in the universe that cannot be seen, but can be detected by its gravitational effects on other bodies.
mica	A group of minerals with a sheet-like crystal structure that easily separate into thin, transparent leaves
sour gas	Natural gas that contains significant amounts of hydrogen sulfide, which must be removed for safety, to improve burning quality and to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide when burned.
national estuary program	a program established under the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1987 to conserve and manage estuaries, restore and maintain their chemical, physical, and biological integrity, and control point and nonpoint pollution sources.
peanut paste	peanut butter.
reforming	A petroleum refining process, employing catalysis, in which heat and pressure are used to cause cracking and isomerization of the hydrocarbon molecules in low-octane petroleum fractions
ceraunophobia	Fear of being struck by lightning
leader of the opposition	a Member of either House that is elected by the Opposition to lead them, and to shadow the Premier.
fen	a type of wetland that accumulates peat deposits, but not as much as a bog
retrofitting	installing modern pollution control devices at facilities without making major changes to the facility's design.
reserve	That portion of the identified resource from which a usable mineral and energy commodity can be economically and legally extracted at the time of determination.
langouste	any of several edible marine crustaceans of the families Homaridae and Nephropsidae and Palinuridae genus Palinurus
pitot tube	A device for measuring the velocity of flowing water using the velocity head of the stream as an index of velocity
linerider	An employee who inspects a pipeline right-of-way for leaks or potential hazards
total	1,330
fire brick	Heat resistant refractory ceramic material formed into bricks and used to line fire boxes of boilers, furnaces, or other combustion chambers.
safety-control circuit	A circuit classified as a safety-control circuit is one involving one or more safety controls in which failure due to grounding, opening, or shorting of any part of the circuit can cause unsafe operation of the valve or the controlled equipment.
hit the toe	go, depart, leave.
discharge permit	a permit issued by a state or the federal government to discharge effluent into waters of the state or the United States
capacity release	A mechanism by which holders of firm interstate transportation capacity can relinquish their rights to utilize the firm capacity to other parties that are interested in obtaining the right to use that capacity for a specific price, for a given period of time and under a specifically identified set of conditions
furrow irrigation	irrigation method in which water travels through the field by means of small channels between each group of rows.
post-storm report	A report issued by a local National Weather Service office summarizing the impact of a tropical cyclone on its forecast area
rectifier	A device for converting alternating current to direct current, used in the gas industry for external corrosion control of pipe and other metals.
price elasticity of demand	A measurement of the sensitivity of demand to changes in price
divertible gas supplies	Gas supplies that are free to be sold to the highest bidder
wildcat well	The first well to be drilled in a geographic region
aggressive water	water which is soft and acidic and can corrode plumbing, piping, and appliances.
river flooding	The rise of a river to an elevation such that the river overflows its natural banks causing or threatening damage.
filter	a device used to remove solids from a mixture or to separate materials
selling expenses	Cost incurred in marketing interests in securities.
nebraskan	Pertaining to the first classical glacial stage of the Pleistocene Epoch in North America, followed by the Aftonian interglacial stage.
cattle run	(see: pastoral run).
corporations	31
epsa	Exploration Production Sharing Agreement
groundwater flooding	Groundwater flooding is the emergence of groundwater at the ground surface or the rising of groundwater into man-made ground, through natural processes, under conditions where the 'normal' range of groundwater levels and groundwater flows are exceeded.
wave-cut notch	A rock recess at the foot of a sea cliff where the energy of water waves is concentrated.
king plate	an inscribed metal plate given to an Aboriginal leader.
klystron	An electron tube used as a low-power oscillator or a high-power amplifier at ultrahigh frequencies
alcott	Louisa May Alcott (1832-1888) American author.
forest harvested [lcdb2 classification]	Areas showing evidence of harvesting since LCDB1, e.g
hazard	Phenomenon which can cause loss of life, injury, disease, economic loss, or environmental damage.
mean low water	The average height of the daily low tides recorded over a 19-year period at a specific location.
captain-general	an honorary officer, especially of artillery.
capillary action	movement of water through very small spaces due to molecular forces called capillary forces.
carbon adsorption	a treatment system that removes contaminants from ground water or surface water by forcing it through tanks containing activated carbon treated to attract the contaminants.
water-cooling tower	A device for evaporative cooling of water by contact with air.
watershed	The total area above a given point on a watercourse that contributes water to its flow; the entire region drained by a waterway or watercourse that drains into a lake, or reservoir.
christmas tree	The fittings, valves and gauges that are bolted to the wellhead to control flow from a producing well.
scupper	to sink a boat on purpose.
stony soils	Soils that have 5–35 % stones in the upper 20 cm depth.
profile available water	The amount of water that would be available to a grass/pasture cover within the soil profile to a depth of 1 m when the soil is at field capacity
harmonic constants	Tides are periodic oscillations generated by and related to the motions and attractive forces of the moon, sun and earth system
fullbore-spinner flowmeter	A flowmeter with retractable impeller blades which can be used below the bottom of tubing where the impeller blades open to almost full inside diameter of the casing.
well	A hole, generally cylindrical and usually walled or lined with pipe, that is dug or drilled into the ground to penetrate an aquifer below the zone of saturation.
radar beam	The straight line that a radar pulse travels along
instrument piping	All piping, valves, and fittings used to connect instruments to main piping, other instruments and apparatus, or measuring equipment.
dental fluorosis	disorder caused by excessive absorption of fluorine and characterized by brown staining of teeth.
lav/lavvy	lavatory; toilet; dunny.
economic/market clauses	Contract provisions which allow price redetermination at specified times or conditions at prices prevailing in the area, or at market prices.
histosols	Soil order (type) of the United States Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Classification System
containment	The structures, within and including the reactor building, designed to prevent any material that may escape from a nuclear reactor from reaching the outside environment
isoline	Lines on a map joining points of equal value.
ratio of specific heats	For gases: The ratio of the specific heat at constant pressure to the specific heat at constant volume
monitor	To sense the presence of a flame
well density	The concentration of wells on the land surface (per unit area).
coastal dune	Sand dune that forms in coastal areas
lark	1
flush	having plenty of money: e.g., He was royally flush after winning the Tatts.
chezy's equation	the empirical equation used to estimate the hydraulic conditions of flow within a channel cross section
solum	Part of the soil that is capable of supporting life.
rem	The unit of dose equivalence, literally "roentgen equivalent man." The dose equivalence is equal to the absorbed dose of radiation (in rads), multiplied by any quality of modifying factors involved in a specific irradiation situation
vent	The opening at the earth's surface through which volcanic materials reach the surface.
scf	Standard cubic feet
zinc oxide	An infusible white solid used in preparation of synthetic natural gas to absorb sulfur from naphtha.
aquifer	A body of rock that contains sufficient saturated permeable material to conduct groundwater and to yield significant quantities of water to wells and springs.
default	Failure to perform a legal obligation; a default includes failure to pay on a financial obligation, but may also be a failure to perform some action or service that is nonmonetary.
evelyn tableland	named after Evelyn Station, which was named after Evelyn, wife of F
atom	The smallest complete particle of an element which can be obtained yet retain all physical and chemical properties of the element.
quantitative	This refers to something that can be measured in a precise way to give a definite result
unit of sales methodology	For purposes of the CURRENT ADJUSTMENT, a method of computing a pipeline's average projected purchased gas costs derived by dividing the pipeline's total projected purchased gas costs the pipeline anticipates purchasing during the PGA effective period by the quantities of gas the pipeline anticipates selling during the PGA effective period.
mean column velocity	the average velocity of fluid flow measured in a column extending from the surface of the water to the bed of the channel
glaze	Ice formed by freezing precipitation covering the ground or exposed objects.
animal unit month	A measure of forage or feed sufficient to feed one animal unit for 30 days
sour gas	Natural gas containing chemical impurities, a notable hydrogen sulfide (H2S) or other sulfur compounds that make it extremely harmful to breathe even small amounts; a gas with disagreeable odor resembling that of rotten eggs.
mesozoic	An era of geologic time, from the end of the Paleozoic to the beginning of the Cenozoic, or from about 248 to about 65 million years ago.
brining	the process of dissolving salt formations using fresh water pumped and circulated into and through wells for the purposes of salt solution mining.
freshwater	Water containing only small quantities (generally less than 1,000 milligrams per liter) of dissolved materials.
focus	See earthquake focus.
ganymede	In Greek mythology, a beautiful Trojan boy, son of Tros and Calirrhoe
junk basket	(1) A device made up on the bottom of the drill stem to cut a core into the bottom of the hole on which junk rests
ultimate strength	Term used to describe the maximum unit stress a material will withstand when subjected to an applied load in a compression, tension, or shear test.
asa	American Standards Association
enhanced oil recovery	Refers to a variety of processes to increase the amount of oil removed from a reservoir, typically by injecting a liquid (e.g., water, surfactant) or gas (e.g., nitrogen, carbon dioxide).
jovian planet	any of the four outer, gaseous planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
cogeneration	The use of a single prime fuel source in a reciprocating engine or gas turbine to generate electrical and thermal energy in order to optimize the efficiency of the fuel used
gravel	Rounded particles coarser than 2 mm in diameter.
chart datum	The tidal datum to which soundings on a chart are referred
bearish	Believing that a price will fall
fluvial deposits	Deposits related to a river or stream.
pumping test	a test conducted to determine aquifer or well characteristics.
rooting depth	See Potential rooting depth
tower scrubber	See SCRUBBER, TOWER.
latent heat flux	Latent heat flux is the global movement of latent heat energy through circulations of air and water
buddy swap	An arrangement whereby, during a period of severe curtailment, one industrial or commercial customer that can use an alternate fuel agrees to do so temporarily and transfers that part of his gas allocation to another customer that cannot use an alternate fuel.
biosphere	Portion of earth and its atmosphere that can support life
grille	A covering over an air inlet or outlet with openings through which air passes.
cin	An acronym for Convective Inhibition.
peachy	delightful; wonderful; excellent.
gas tracer	A radioactive isotope (e.g., I131 in a methyl iodide carrier) used to follow gas flow in a well bore and determine a velocity flow profile.
voltage reduction	Any intentional reduction of system voltage by 3 percent or greater for reasons of maintaining the continuity of service of the bulk electric power supply system.
inland	(the...) the interior of Australia.
influent seepage	Movement of gravity water in the zone of aeration from the ground surface toward the water table.
thunder	The sound emitted by the rapidly expanding gases along the channel of a lightning discharge
kipuka	A Hawaiian term for an island of land completely surrounded by one or more younger lava flows
laughing jackass	(see: laughing kookaburra).
tertiary period	The interval of geologic time between about 65 and 1.8 million years ago
neoclassical	An architectural style that began in the mid-eighteenth century which was inspired by building styles of Ancient Greece and Rome
drill site title opinion	The written statement of opinion from a title examiner on the status of the title to a drill site, usually in letter form
crater	Circular depression in the ground surface created by volcanic activity or asteroid impact.
quarry products association	Quarry Products Association
glass of amber	a glass of beer.
mostly clear	When the predominant/average sky condition is covered 1/8 to 2/8 with opaque (not transparent) clouds
storm track	The path taken by a storm (thunderstorm, mid-latitude cyclone or hurricane) or the average path taken by storms.
environmental protection agency	A federal agency created in 1970 to permit coordinated and effective governmental action, for protection of the environment by the systematic abatement and control of pollution, through integration of research monitoring, standard setting, and enforcement activities.
afforestation	The establishment of trees on an area that has lacked forest cover for a very long time or has never been forested (see also reforestation).
ppg	See Planning Policy Guidance.
watershed	The land area that drains into a stream
lemon-bellied flycatcher	Microeca flavigaster, lives in the same mangrove environment as the gerygones and has an open cup nest, reputedly the smallest of any bird in Australia
kyoto protocol	A treaty of 163 countries, created in 1997
rotary table	That component in the plane of the drilling rig floor to which the drilling rig power system supplies the necessary power to impart rotation to the rotary table and therefore to the kelly bushing, kelly and drillstring.
planetary geology	The study of the processes and history associated with the solid, rocky objects of the solar system.
conservation	to protect from loss and waste
ribbon lightning	Appears to be a broad stream of fire
bulkhead	A wall installed along a coastline or waterway to protect a pipeline from washout or soil erosion.
mycorrhizae	Mutualistic association of a fungus with the root of higher plant
coastal waters	The marine area, including bays, harbors, and sounds, from a line approximating the mean high water mark (average height over a 19-year period) along the mainland or near-shore islands out to as much as 100 nautical miles offshore.
appropriate dispute resolution	A process for resolving conflicts between parties
cathodic protection	A technique to prevent the corrosion of a metal surface by making that surface the cathode of an electrochemical cell.
drifting snow	It is an uneven distribution of snowfall/snow depth caused by strong surface winds
pear-fruited mallee	Eucalyptus pyriformis, a tree-like flowering mallee eucalypt, 6'- 18' with small, profuse, cream (or red) flowers
plug flow	type of flow that occurs in tanks, basins, or reactors when a slug of water moves through without ever dispersing or mixing with the rest of the water flowing through.
fitness	A measure of the health of a species in terms of physiology and future reproductive success.
force	That which can change the momentum of a body
regenerator	A device which uses regenerative steam to reverse the absorption process
british thermal unit	Standard unit of measurement that expresses the quantity of potential heat contained in a fuel (in this case, shale gas)
aquiculture	the raising or fattening of fish in enclosed ponds
littoral zone	The zone along a coastline that is between the high and low-water spring tide marks.
infiltration	the downward entry of water through the soil surface.
nuclear fuel	All fissile material in any chemical form and the hardware required to produce fuel for a reactor.
interim biogeographic regionalisation australia	(IBRA) provides the bioregional planning framework for developing the National Reserve System
desert pea	(see: Sturt's desert pea).
schoolies' week	boisterous end-of-year fun for school-leavers.
canadian high	High pressure system that develops in winter over central North America.
caravan	trailer.
rumurutite	A rare class of chondrite meteorites that are very low in metal, almost all iron is found in the minerals and not as metallic.
fast breeder reactor	A fast reactor with fertile material loaded around the core, to be converted into fissile material through neutron capture, which generates more fissile material than is consumed.
piezometer	In hydrology, a device usually made of a perforated tube used to measure the distance of an underground water table from the surface
reverse fault	This vertical fault develops when compressional force causes the displacement of one block of rock over another.
force majeure	Denotes circumstances beyond the control of a company, which force the breaking of a contract.
heavy snow	Depending on the region of the USA, this generally means that four or more inches of snow has accumulated in 12 hours, or six or more inches of snow in 24 hours.
land tribunals	the Aboriginal Land Tribunal and the Torres Strait Island Land Tribunal
rabbit	A small plug that is run through a flow line by pressure to clean the line or test for obstructions
strapping	A method of checking a bell prover by determining the relation between displaced volume and linear movement of a bell prover by means of measuring scale length, bell circumference, and displacement of the sealing liquid.
ophiolite suite	An assemblage of mafic and ultra-mafic igneous rocks with deep-sea sediment supposedly associated with divergence zones and the sea-floor environment.
ground water	Water in the zone of saturation, that is under a pressure equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure.
hydraulic conductivity	a term used to describe the ease with which water moves through soil or a saturated geologic material.
bark dish	made from bark of a tea tree or stringybark
ort	(term of contempt) anus: e.g., Stick it in your ort, sport!
floodwall	A long, narrow concrete, or masonry embankment usually built to protect land from flooding
heading 'em/them	playing the gambling game of two-up.
diffraction	The bending of light around objects, such as clouds and fog droplets, producing fringes of light and dark colored bands.
reef off	1
industrial tribunal	a tribunal set up for industrial relations purposes
stalactite	Iciclelike pendant of dripstone formed on cave ceilings.
flood	An unusual accumulation of water above the ground caused by high tide, heavy rain, melting snow or rapid runoff from paved areas (source: EPA). A ten-year flood is defined as a flood that has a one in ten chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year.
frequency	the number of repetitions per unit time of the oscillations of an electromagnetic wave (or other wave)
heat fusion joint	A joint made in thermoplastic piping by heating the parts sufficiently to permit fusion of the materials when the parts are pressed together.
sole-source aquifer	an aquifer that supplies 50 percent or more of the drinking water of an area.
cushion	A fluid column (usually water or nitrogen) put in the drillstem to provide the desired backpressure at the start of a drillstem test
evaporation	the process by which a liquid is transformed to the gaseous state.
ionosphere	A region in the atmosphere above 50 kilometers from the surface where relatively large concentrations of ions and free electrons exist
limnology	The branch of hydrology that pertains to the study of lakes.
smelter	In copper, lead, and zinc, a plant which reduces concentrate to metal
screw	1
vort max	This short for vorticity maximum
fans	Gently sloping, fan-shaped masses of material formed along the margins of hills and mountain ranges by the streams that drain their slopes
lme	London Metal Exchange.
average cost pricing	A pricing mechanism based on dividing the total cost of providing electricity incurred in a period by the number MWh (wholesale) and kWh (retail) sold in the same period
section 311 transportation	Refers to transportation pursuant to Section 311 of the NGPA, which authorizes interstate pipelines to transport "on behalf of" local distribution companies or intrastate pipelines without the necessity of obtaining a certificate under Section 7 of the NGA.
tatts	Tattersall's Sweep, a lottery.
body wave	Type of seismic wave that travels through the interior of Earth.
wet-salt saturator tank	A type of brine lank, so named because the saturated brine is always above the undissolved salt level, used on large commercial water softeners and older manual residential softeners
conductance	A measurement of how well a substance is able to conduct an electrical current
catalytic rich gas	An SNG process developed in England by the British Gas Council
thunderstorm	A storm several kilometers in diameter created by the rapid lifting of moist warm air which creates a cumulonimbus cloud
certificate of restoration	A document issued by the BC Oil and Gas Commission certifying that an abandoned wellsite has been restored to meet regulatory requirements.
tropical depression	Cyclones that have maximum sustained winds of surface wind speed (using the U.S
rock cycle	General model describing the geomorphic and geologic processes involved in the creation, modification and recycling of rocks.
depletion curve	in hydraulics, a graphical representation of water depletion from storage stream channels, surface soil, and groundwater
tail cloud	A horizontal, tail-shaped cloud (not a funnel cloud) at low levels extending from the precipitation cascade region of a supercell toward the wall cloud (i.e., it usually is observed extending from the wall cloud toward the north or northeast)
bank storage	Water absorbed and stored in the void in the soil cover in the bed and banks of a stream, lake, or reservoir, and returned in whole or in part as the level of water body surface falls.
moisture holding capacity	the amount of liquid that can be held against gravity, by waste materials or soil, without generating free liquid.
polar vortex	A circumpolar wind circulation which isolates the Antarctic continent during the cold Southern Hemisphere winter.
stage	The elevation of the water surface in a stream channel.
g/l	Grams per liter
reforestation	Re-establishing a forest by planting or seeding an area where forest vegetation has been removed (see also afforestation).
henry hub	A pipeline interchange near Erath, Louisiana, where a number of interstate and intrastate pipelines interconnect through a header system operated by Sabine Pipe Line
tap	To cut threads in a round hole so that other fittings or equipment can be screwed into the hole
aquifer	A geologic formation or material that is capable of yielding a significant amount of water to a well or spring
kwongan heathlands	dense thickets of shrubs and heath plants, nurtured by a mild Mediterranean climate, grow on infertile sand plains along the coast from Cape Naturaliste to Perth
capability	Suitability for productive use, after taking into account the various physical limitations the land may have.
muscovite	A common, iron-free white mica found in a wide variety of metamorphic and some igneous rocks.
carnarvon bioregion	Quaternary alluvial, aeolian and marine sediments overlying Cretaceous strata
higher high water	The higher of the high waters of any specified day
lake-effect snow squall	A local, intense, narrow band of moderate to heavy snow squall that can extend long distances inland
outcrop	exposed at the surface
in-cloud lightning	Lightning that takes place within the cloud.
hinge crack	Crack caused by significant changes in water level.
abso-bloody-lutely	positively; emphatically yes.
limited partnership	A business arrangement in which the general partner manages the partnership's activities and is solely liable for them
tasmanian aborigines	the Nuenonne of Bruny Island, the Lylequonny of Recherche Bay, the Tyreddene of Maria Island and the Pydairrerme of the Tasman Peninsula.
daily flood peak	The maximum mean daily discharge occurring in a stream during a given flood event.
palsa	A mound of peat that develops as the result of the formation of a number ice lenses beneath the ground surface
pressure differential	Difference in pressure between any two points in a continuous system
diesel index	A measure of the ignition quality of a diesel fuel calculated from a formula involving the gravity of the fuel and its aniline point.
ground water	The water that lies beneath the ground surface, filling the cracks, crevices, and pore space of rocks.
head	The difference between the pool height and tailwater height
geochemistry	Earth science section dealing to studies of abundance and repartition of chemical elements in rocks of the Earth crust.
lateral blast	A relatively rare explosion of hot, low-density mixture of rock debris, ash, and gases that moves at high speed out the side of the vent (laterally) rather than up from the vent (vertically)
flow meter	a gauge indicating the velocity and/or volume of a flowing liquid.
attm	An acronym for "at this time".
stockpond	a pond used primarily for watering livestock.
inclinometer	The trade name of an instrument used to determine whether or not the well bore is proceeding in a vertical orientation at any point
actual clearance	The difference in height between the bottom of an obstruction and the actual surface of the water.
visbreaking	A mild form of thermal cracking used in petroleum refining, primarily to improve certain fuel oil characteristics of residuum.
evaporation ponds	Artificial ponds with very large surface areas that are designed to allow the efficient evaporation of water through exposure to sunlight and ambient surface temperatures.
seismology	A branch of science focused on the study of earthquakes and seismic activity.
total input gas	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
discovery bay	Victoria's marine gateway to the Great Australian Bight and the immense seas of the Southern Ocean
right-of-way	A strip of land, the use of which is acquired for the construction and operation of a pipeline or some other facility; may be owned outright or an easement taken for a specific purpose.
kuurn kopan noot	an Aboriginal people of the south-western coast of Victoria.
cement squeeze	Forcing cement into the perforations, large cracks, and fissures in the wall of a borehole to seal them off.
glacio-fluvial deposits	Deposits related to the joint action of glaciers and melt water streams.
demand	the number of units of something that will be purchased at various prices at a point in time
gradient	A part of a surface feature of the Earth that slopes upward or downward; the angle of slope, as of a stream channel or of a land surface, generally expressed by a ratio of height versus distance, a percentage or an angular measure from the horizontal.
venus	Planet second in order from the sun
dirt money	extra payment or wages for working under difficult and dirty conditions.
coevolution	The coordinated evolution of two or more species that interact and exert selective pressures on each other that can cause each species to undergo associated adaptations
wastewater	water containing waste including greywater, blackwater or water contaminated by waste contact, including process-generated and contaminated rainfall runoff.
moody's bond ratings	See BOND RATINGS.
dry microburst	A microburst with little or no precipitation reaching the ground; most common in semi-arid regions
storativity	The volume of water released from storage per unit surface area of aquifer per unit decline in hydraulic head (dimensionless).
concession contract	A contract that directly grants mining rights (including mining rights in Japan and permits, licenses and leases in other countries) to oil companies through a contract or approval from the government of oil-producing countries or from national oil companies
local runoff	water running off a local area, such as rainfall draining into a nearby creek
remaining life	The expected future service life of plant at any given age.
threshold pollutant	substance that is harmful to a particular organism only above a certain concentration, or threshold level.
curb line	Street or highway map line which shows the curb location.
rainbow	An arc that exhibits in concentric bands the colors of the spectrum and is formed opposite the sun by refraction and reflection of the sun's rays in rain drops.
negative boundary	See no-flow boundary.
toprock [lri]	Toprock is first-named entire (i.e
eolian	Geomorphic process involving wind
spring	An issue of water from the earth; a natural fountain; a source of a reservoir of water.
drilling engineer	An engineer who specializes in the technical aspects of drilling.
friction	Resistance between the contact surfaces of two bodies in motion.
volatile solids	The term used in the laboratory analysis of the solids content of a substance (such as water) to define the portion of the total suspended and/or dissolved solids that become expulsed or driven off after heating or burning a given sample of the substance at a specified temperature and for a specified time.
land act 1910	regulated dealings with land in the state of Queensland for 84 years
tail gas	The residue gas left after the completion of a treating process designed to remove certain liquids or liquefiable hydrocarbons.
input rating	The gas-burning capacity of an appliance in Btu per hour as specified by the manufacturer
head-butt	a forceful thrust with the top of the head into the chin or body of another person.
hit the cot	go to bed, sleep.
combustion analysis	The determination of combustion characteristics, such as exhaust gas composition and temperature, air-fuel ratio, the relation of these to perfect combustion.
bardi grub	the larva of the beetle Bardistus cibarius, or of Abantiades marcidus
bgs	Below ground surface
wastewater wells	A vertical pipe in the ground into which water, other liquids, or gases are pumped or allowed to flow.
mortgage	A mortgage note with a provision that permits borrowing additional money in the future without refinancing the loan
gully planting	Gully control and stabilisation involving the establishment of vegetation with extensive rooting systems to reduce the velocity of flow and hence transporting power; to increase the resistance to flow; and to trap debris
rain	water drops which fall to the earth from the air.
radiation	Radiation is energy that comes from a source and travels through some material or through space
reserves-to-production ratio	The reserves-to-production ratio (R/P ratio) is calculated by subtracting the production for a given year from the reserves at the end of that year
reversionary interest	An interest in a well or property that becomes effective at a specified time in the future or on the occurrence of a specified future event.
alluvium	Sediments deposited by erosional processes, usual by streams.
acidize	To treat formations with acid for the purpose of increasing production.
extender	A substance, generally having some adhesive action, added to a plastic composition to reduce the amount of the primary resin required per unit volume.
reclaimed water	domestic wastewater that is under the direct control of a treatment plant owner/operator which has been treated to a quality suitable for a beneficial use.
semiautomatic valve	A valve that is opened manually and closed automatically or vice versa.
subsistence flows	the component of an instream flow regime that represents infrequent, naturally occurring low flow events that occur for a seasonal period of time
isopod	An invertebrate aminal in the biologic order Isopoda
dig it in	persist with sarcasm or knowledge that is embarrassing or belittling.
oil run	1
staff	Employees, other than the Commissioners and their staffs and the ALJs and their staff, of the FERC.
underground injection	The placement of gases or fluids into an underground reservoir through a wellbore
herb over	pass; give: e.g., Herb over those boxes please.
section 319 grants	grants for nonpoint source pollution programs
seisa	a Torres Strait Islander community that was initially part of the Bamaga settlement
ribbon falls	Spectacular narrow waterfalls that occur at the edge of a hanging valley.
paraffinic	High in paraffins
contract	A written agreement that can be enforced by law and that lists the terms under which the acts required are to be performed
king island maritime trail	was opened during the Descendants Weekend 3-5th August 2001
first hour rating	The amount of hot water that the water heater can supply in the first hour of operation
vitrophyre	A volcanic rock with larger crystal (phenocrysts) embedded in a glassy groundmass.
gross income	Total income from an activity, before deduction of (1) items that may be treated as expenses (such as intangible drilling costs), and (2) allowed tax items (such as depletion allowance, depreciation allowance, etc.).
glaze	Coating of ice that forms when rain falls on a surface with a temperature below freezing.
porosity	The volume of space within rock that might contain oil and gas (like the amount of water a sponge can hold); the open or void space within rock, usually expressed as a percentage of the total rock volume
ordinance	a decree or direction of the monarch or the Executive Council, without the authority of Parliament.
infrastructure	Structures and amenities that support a human society such as roads, water supply, sewers, electrical grids and telecommunications.
thermal spring	a warm or hot water spring; many occur in regions of recent volcanic activity and are fed by water heated by contact with hot rocks far below Earth's surface
high flow pulses	the component of an instream flow regime that represents short-duration, in-channel, high flow events following storm events
bistatic radar	A radar which uses separate antennas for transmission and reception; usually the transmitter and receiver are at different locations
general partner	In a limited partnership, the general partner is responsible for managing the partnership’s activities (and is commonly the party that put the deal together)
fault	A fracture or break in underground rock usually resulting from tectonic stresses along which one or both sides move
hops	A perennial plant first cultivated in Britain in the sixteenth century as a regular ingredient for brewing beer.
btu	A standard measure of heat content in a fuel
fuel moisture	The water content of fuel particle expressed as a percent of the oven dried weight of the fuel particle
nitrogen	a plant nutrient that can cause an overabundance of bacteria and algae when high amounts are present, leading to a depletion of oxygen and fish kills
demand side management	Utility activities designed to influence the amount and timing of customer demand, producing changes to the
moveable bed streams	These are most common in the arid West, where steep slopes and lack of vegetation result in a lot of erosion
drill bit	The part of the drilling tool, the cutting or boring element, that cuts through rock strata in drilling oil and gas wells.
out-the-money	An option which has no intrinsic value
drainage well	a well drilled to carry excess water off agricultural fields
reagent	Any material that causes a chemical reaction when added to a second substance.
roll cloud	A dense, cigar shaped cloud found above the gust front of a thunderstorm
csg	See coal seam gas
japan crude cocktail	A colloquial term for
model	Assembly of concepts in the form of mathematical equations that portray understanding of a natural phenomenon.
dam	a structure built to hold back a flow of water
tectonic	Pertaining to the global forces that cause folding and faulting of the Earth's crust
immersion length	The length from the free end of a thermometer bulb or well to the point of immersion in the medium, the temperature of which is being measured.
uranus	Planet seventh in order from the sun
triple top	A bearish reversal pattern characterized by three highs at roughly equal value.
submetering	The practice of remetering purchased energy beyond the customer's utility meter, generally for distribution to building tenants through privately owned or rented meters.
waning	The Moon is said to be waning in its phase cycle as the amount of light reflected off the lunar surface towards the Earth decreases
estuary	thin zone along a coastline where freshwater system(s) and river(s) meet and mix with a salty ocean (such as a bay, mouth of a river, salt marsh, lagoon).
securities act of 1933	Establishes requirements for the disclosure of information for any interstate offering for the sale of securities.
holocene	A term used to describe rocks that have formed or faults which have occurred 10,000 years or less before the present day
toolpusher	The location supervisor for the drilling contractor
avails	Jargon, short for availabilities, and actually meaning supplies.
psc	Production Sharing Contract
unbundled services	Unbundling, or separating, pipeline transmission, sales and storage services, along with guaranteeing ‘open access' to space on the pipelines for all gas shippers.
spines	Horn-like projections formed upon a lava dome.
synthetic organic chemicals	man-made organic chemicals
hurricane	An intense cyclonic storm consisting of an organized mass of thunderstorms that develops over the warm oceans of the tropics
dolomite	A sedimentary rock composed of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) and carbonate (CO3)
photodissociation	The splitting of a molecule by photon normally from the Sun.
flue collar	That portion of an appliance designed for the attachment of the draft hood or vent connector.
esker	A narrow long ridge like form comprised mainly of gravel and sand
landslide	Term used to describe the downslope movement of soil, rock, and other weathered materials because of gravity.
floodplain bench	A long narrow relatively level or gently inclined strip or segment of a floodplain, sufficiently elevated not to be within the flooding zone.
evaporation	Process of liquid water becoming water vapor, including vaporization from water surfaces, land surfaces, and snow fields, but not from leaf surfaces
trap	A device designed for removing liquids or solids from a gaseous stream; a low spot in a pipeline or main
pulse-pair processing	Nickname for the technique of mean velocity estimation by calculation of the signal complex covariance argument
photovoltaics	An active solar technology involving the conversion of sunlight directly into electricity by means of a semiconductor.
peaking	Providing the gas that an LDC or other customer needs to get though an unexpectedly high-demand period.
waterspout	A violently rotating column of air, usually a pendant to a cumulus or cumulonimbus cloud, over a body of water with its circulation reaching the water
liana	Species of plant that uses the support of wood plants to elevate its leaves above the forest canopy.
rotary dryer	Machine for removing moisture from crushed or processed rock by moving it along a rotating steel cylinder, through which hot gases or air is passing.
service area	A geographic area where a utility provides service, usually under provisions of a franchise, charter or certificate, and subject to special government regulations
mead	Margaret Mead (1901-1978) American anthropologist, author and lecturer on contemporary social issues.
plant-available water capacity	The amount of water a soil can hold that is available for plant uptake.
joint	Fracture or parting in a rock without displacement.
geographical coordinate system	System that uses the measures of latitude and longitude to locate points on the spherical surface of the Earth.
separator	A pressure vessel used to separate well fluids into gases and liquids.
sensible horizon	the plane tangent to the earth's surface at an observers position
divergent evolution	Creation of two or more unique species from one ancestral species through the differential evolution of isolated populations.
gradient	The steepness of a slope as measured in degrees, percentage, or as a distance ratio (rise/run).
formation	A geological term that describes a succession of strata similar enough to form a distinctive geological unit useful for mapping or description.
orthoimagery	An aerial photograph or satellite scene that has been transformed by the orthogonal projection, yielding a map that is free of most significant geometric distortions.
synoptic chart	Chart showing meteorological conditions over a region at a given time; weather map.
water table	level below the earth's surface at which the ground becomes saturated with water
sea-level	The average surface elevation of the world's oceans.
asthenosphere	A region of the earth that starts at the bottom of the lithosphere and extends to depths of approximately 300 km (180 miles)
amagat's law	See LAWS.
paleocene epoch	The interval of geologic time between approximately 65 and 54.8 million years ago.
funnelling	The process whereby wind is forced to flow through a narrow opening between adjacent land areas, resulting in increased wind speed.
set	The direction towards which a current is headed
tidal anomaly	Actual water level minus the tide table predictions.
delta	Large deposit of alluvial sediment located at the mouth of a stream where it enters a body of standing water.
drilling	See CABLE TOOL and ROTARY DRILLING.
scoff-out	a delicious and abundant meal.
ets	Assets that will eventually lose their value: by depletion as they are produced (natural resources such as oil, gas, minerals, and timber), or by the passage of time (leased mineral rights, patents).
pressure rising rapidly	An increase in station pressure at a rate of 0.06" (1.5 mm) of mercury or more per hour which totals 0.02" (0.05 mm) or more.
permanent control	A stream gaging control which is substantially unchanging and is not appreciably affected by scour, fill, or backwater.
c-band radar	A radar operating in the 3900 to 6200 megahertz range whose wavelength is generally accepted as 5 centimeters.
mortgage insurance premium	With FHA loans, the payment made by a borrower to the lender for transmittal to HUD to help defray the cost of the FHA mortgage insurance program and to provide a reserve fund to protect lenders against loss in insured mortgage transactions
artesian aquifer	A confined aquifer in which the water level in wells rises above the top of the aquifer.
permanent works	Major works such as large scale community based irrigation, flood control or drainage schemes that significantly reduce or permanently remove a limitation to use.
z/r relationship	An empirical relationship between radar reflectivity factor z (mm6/m3) and rain rate (mm/hr), usually expressed as Z = A Rb; A and b are empirical constants.
service pipe	See SERVICE.
euro	the reddish, short-haired Macropus robustus erubescens, a sub-species of the wallaroo, of drier Australia, west of the Great Dividing Range
neap tide	Tides of decreased range occurring semimonthly as the result of the Moon being in the first or third quarter.
volatility	the tendency of a liquid to evaporate.
ph	numeric value that describes the intensity of the acid or basic (alkaline) conditions of a solution
dirty ridge	Most of the time, upper-level ridges bring fairly clear weather as the storms are steered around the ridge
lake-effect snow warning	This product is issued by the National Weather Service when pure lake effect snow (this is where the snow is a direct result of lake effect snow and not because of a low pressure system) may pose a hazard or it is life threatening
caldera	Created when the top of a volcano collapses into a crater.
upstream pipeline	The first pipeline to transport natural gas en route to an inter-connect point for delivery to another pipeline
expander cycle	A liquefaction process using expansion turbines or engines to produce mechanical energy while refrigerating the gas to be liquefied.
spin-up	Slang for a small-scale vortex initiation, such as what may be seen when a gustnado, landspout, or suction vortex forms.
low-down-payment feature	A feature of a mortgage, usually a fixed-rate mortgage that helps you buy a home with as little as a 3% down payment.
lifeline rates	A rate structure applicable for residential customers which includes a specified block of energy use which is priced below the allocated cost to serve
turbine station	A compressor station in which the power is supplied by a turbine.
base width	The time duration of a unit hydrograph.
first quarter	$23.2700
silurian period	The interval of geologic time between about 443 and 417 million years ago.
open hole	Uncased part of a well
rvp	Reid Vapor Pressure, a measure of a gasoline's volatility.
air mass	A large body of air that has nearly uniform conditions of temperature and humidity.
inflow notch	A radar signature characterized by an indentation in the reflectivity pattern on the inflow side of the storm
barrel of oil	42 U.S
discovery date	Date assigned to discovery of a new field.
keraunophobia	The fear of thunder and lightning
mesocyclone	A cylinder of cyclonically flowing air that form vertically in a severe thunderstorm
krefft's river turtle	Emyduru krefflii is found only on Fraser Island off Queensland's eastern coast
flame velocity	The speed at which flame progresses through a fuel-air mixture.
climatic cycle	the periodic changes climate displays, such as a series of dry years following a series of years with heavy rainfall.
thermograph	An instrument that measures and records air temperature.
forestry reserve	public lands that are managed and controlled by the relevant state or territory forestry services, in accordance with forestry acts and regulations.
equity	The value in your home above the total amount of the liens against your home
gift	something obtained with unexpected ease or at less expense than expected.
biosphere	the earth and all its ecosystems.
brisk	15 to 25 mph winds.
stratified drift	A type of glacial drift that has been partially sorted by glaciofluvial meltwater.
heebie-jeebies	1
interlock	A control to prove the physical state of a required condition, and to furnish that proof to the primary safety control circuit.
backpressure	a pressure that can cause water to backflow into the water supply when a user's wastewater system is at a higher pressure than the public system.
ground water	The supply of fresh water found beneath the Earth's surface, usually in aquifers, which supply wells and springs
reforming	A chemical process using heat in presence of a catalyst to break down a substance into desired components, such as in the reforming of natural gas or light oils into lower Btu fuel gas.
expenses	Expenditures for business items that have no future life (such as rent, utilities, or wages) and are incurred in conducting normal business activities.
dripstone	deposits of calcium carbonate that include stalactites, stalagmites, columns, and cave pearls.
siltation	the deposition of finely divided soil and rock particles upon the bottom of stream and river beds and reservoirs.
carbohydrate	Is an organic compound composed of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms
shore	LITTORAL TRANSPORT RATE: The rate of transport of sedimentary material parallel to or perpendicular to the SHORE in the LITTORAL ZONE
length	The distance in the direction of flow between two specific points along a river, stream, or channel.
lincoln	Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865) Sixteenth president of the United States
unsaturated zone	The zone between the land surface and the water table, in which some of the pore spaces are filled with air and some are filled with water.
antidegradation policy	Virginia's antidegradation policy protects water quality at three levels or "tiers." Tier 1 specifies that existing instream water uses and the level of water quality to protect the existing uses shall be maintained and protected
arthropoda	The phylum Arthropoda includes invertebrate animals such as insects, crustaceans, and spiders
parasitism	Biological interaction between species where a parasite species feeds on a host species.
benefit	an advantage to be gained in a trade-off
valley filling	The building of off-peak loads.
stratocumulus clouds	Low altitude gray colored cloud composed of water droplets that has a patchy appearance
barrens clawflower	Calothamnus validus has flowers resembling claws
cross section	A diagram of a vertical section through a volume, as opposed to the surface, "bird's eye," or plan view of a map
offering memorandum	A legal document provided to potential investors in a venture (such as an oil and gas limited partnership, Joint Venture), describing the terms under which the investment is offered.
shaggle-baggle	friendly nick-name among friends.
electron	A sub-particle of an atom that contains a negative atomic charge.
gibber stone	a rounded, weather-worn stone of arid, inland Australia.
dissolve	the process by which solid particles mix molecule by molecule with a liquid and appear to become part of the liquid.
gamma radiation	A type of ionizing, electromagnetic radiation that readily penetrates the body tissues of organisms
isallobar	A line of equal change in atmospheric pressure during a specified time period.
epilimnion	warm, less dense top layer in a stratified lake
octane number	A performance rating used to classify motor fuels by grading the relative antiknock properties of various gasolines
flexural strength	The stress, usually in pounds per square inch (psi), a specimen will withstand when subjected to a bending moment.
coma	a spherical cloud of material surrounding the head of a comet
oceanic crust	Basaltic portion of the Earth's crust that makes up the ocean basins
farm-out	An interest in an oil or gas lease that is granted by the lease holder to a third party.
cell	A cell is the smallest self-functioning unit found in living organisms
fault	A fracture in rock along which there has been an observable amount of displacement
.378900	Fourth Quarter
amphipod	An invertebrate animal, member of the biologic order Amphipoda
specific gravity	The weight of a particular volume of any substance, compared with the weight of an equal volume of water
mixed layer	In oceanography, the surface layer of virtually isothermal water, which frequently exists above the thermocline .
heterosphere	The upper layer in a two part classification of the atmosphere based on the general homogeneity of chemical composition
btu method	A method of allocating costs between different operations or between different products based upon the heat content of products produced in the various operations or of the various produced products.
buttress dam	Buttress dams are comprised of reinforced masonry or stonework built against concrete
star	A large and very massive, self-luminous celestial body of gas that illuminates via the radiation derived from its internal source of energy.
school-leaver	a child leaving school, especially at the minimum specified age (15) and without obtaining an HSC.
hessian	a strong coarse sacking made of hemp or jute.
runoff	The topographic flow of water from precipitation to stream channels located at lower elevations
sapas	In Phoenician mythology, goddess of commerce and travel, and messenger of the gods.
graben fault	This fault is produced when tensional stresses result in the subsidence of a block of rock
cost zones	Geographic areas of the company's operations established for the purpose of accumulating certain costs to facilitate a fair distribution of such costs among all customer classes
contour plowing	plowing done in accordance with the natural outline or shape of the land by keeping the furrows or ditches at the same elevation as much as possible to reduce runoff and erosion
deed	A signed, written instrument that conveys title to real property.
dsm potential	See ACHIEVABLE POTENTIAL, ECONOMIC POTENTIAL, MARKET POTENTIAL and TECHNICAL POTENTIAL.
timecharter	The chartering of a tanker or other freight vessel for a period of time rather than for a specific voyage.
mineral owner	Generally one who grants oil, gas and mineral leases.
agricultural land commission	The ALC is an independent Crown agency whose mission is to preserve agricultural land.
glance	(cricket) deflect (the ball) with an oblique stroke.
terminal	Onshore transit installation that receives oil or gas from offshore production facilities via pipeline and / or tankers
leaching	the removal of dissolved chemicals from soil caused by the movement of a liquid (like water) through the soil.
hydrometeorological prediction center	This is one of 9 centers that comprises the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)
pool	A natural underground reservoir containing, or appearing to contain, an accumulation of petroleum or natural gas.
sediment	Solid unconsolidated rock and mineral fragments that come from the weathering of rocks and are transported by water, air, or ice and form layers on the Earth's surface
denitrification	Conversion of nitrates into gaseous nitrogen and nitrous oxide.
river flood warning	This is product is issued by the local National Weather Service when forecast points (those that have formal gauging sites and established flood stages) at specific communities or areas along rivers where flooding has been forecasted, is imminent, or is in progress
ready mixed concrete	Specified mixture of aggregates and cement with water and other additives, delivered to construction site by a specially designed truck with rotating container to prevent setting of the concrete during transport.
fossil	Any remnant, trace, or imprint of a plant, insect, or animal naturally buried and preserved in rocks or sediments from a past geologic time.
ethane	Saturated hydrocarbon (alkane) with two carbon atoms in its molecule (C2H6)
moisture convergence	A measure of the degree to which moist air is converging into a given area, taking into account the effect of converging winds and moisture advection
swing connection	The combination of fittings that will swing up, down, or sideways slightly for aligning pipe and for absorbing movement or strain.
inland paperbark	(see: swamp paperbark).
20.4200	.378900
fog	clouds that form at the Earth's surface
soil texture	Soil texture is used to describe the particle distribution of those particles in a mass of soil that are less than 2 mm in diameter
carbonaceous material	A material which contains carbon.
speed shear	The component of wind shear which is due to a change in wind speed with height, e.g., southwesterly winds of 20 mph at 10,000 feet increasing to 50 mph at 20,000 feet
hydrodynamic instability	The development of an infinitessimal disturbance in a mean flow field that grows by drawing energy from the mean flow.
pour point	Lowest temperature at which oil will readily flow without disturbance when chilled.
granite	A plutonic rock in which quartz constitutes 10 to 50 percent of the felsic components and in which the alkali feldspar/total feldspar ratio is generally restricted to the range of 65 to 90 percent.
hen's night	1
design criteria	The hypothetical flood used in the sizing of the dam and the associated structures to prevent dam failure by overtopping, especially for the spillway and outlet works.
write-offs	That portion of an oil investment which is deductible for tax purposes
pyramid of biomass	Graphic model describing the distribution of biomass in an ecosystem or community at the trophic level
dip	The angle between a geologic surface -- for example, a fault plane -- and the horizontal
venturi	A tube with a narrow throat (a constriction) that increases the velocity and decreases the pressure of the liquid passing through it, creating a partial vacuum immediately after the constriction in the tube
general partner	In a limited partnership, the general partner is responsible for managing the partnership's activities (and is commonly the party that put the deal together)
cosmic rays	Radioactive particles that travel through space
sediment storage capacity	The volume of a reservoir planned for the deposition of sediment.
gumland [wetland classification]	Land formerly occupied by forest of Kauri (Agathis australis) in Northern New Zealand, the soils once exploited for kauri gum, prone to waterlogging, and having heathland vegetation.
lemon-scented gum	Corymbia citriodora (previously Eucalyptus citriodora), a medium-sized to tall tree, having leaves with a strong scent of citronella when crushed
balloon mortgage	A mortgage with monthly payments based on a 30-year amortization schedule and the unpaid principal balance due in a lump sum payment at the end of a specific period (usually 5 or 7 years) earlier than 30 years
eolian landform	Is a landform formed from the erosion or deposition of weathered surface materials by wind
zero datum	A reference "zero" elevation for a stream or river gage
flat chat	as fast as possible; very quickly; e.g., we drove flat chat to get there on time.
transient model	a numerical model in which the model stresses (inflows and outflows) and aquifer head vary over time.
annulus	An annulus is the space between two concentric cylinders, for example, the two steel casings used in core hole drilling.
meteorite	a meteoroid that has arrived on the surface of a moon or planet from outer space
offer	A formal bid from the homebuyer to the home seller to purchase a home.
gully	an erosional channel or ravine.
barogram	A graphic record of air pressure produced by a barograph.
gage datum	The arbitrary zero datum elevation which all stage measurements are made from.
leave it!	(see: leave off!)
agent	A legal representative of buyers, sellers or shippers of natural gas in negotiation or operations of contractual agreements.
coral bleaching	Situation where coral lose their colorful symbiotic algae
polished stone value	The Polished Stone Value of aggregate is measured using a standardised test (BS EN 13043: Aggregates for bituminous mixtures and surface treatments)
kununurra	a town in the Kimberley, beside a lake of the same name on the Ord River, and adjacent to the Mirima National Park
tropic ranges	The great tropic range (Gc) , or tropic range, is the difference in height between tropic higher high water and tropic lower low water
free driver	A customer who takes the same conservation actions as those customers who participate in a utility DSM program, without participating in the program.
load management	The management of load patterns in order to better use the system
kilowatt-hour	The basic unit for pricing electric energy, equal to one kilowatt of power supplied continuously for one hour (or the amount of electricity needed to light ten 100-watt lightbulbs for one hour)
solar radiation	Electromagnetic radiation that originates from the Sun
dryline storm	Generally, any thunderstorm that develops on or near a dry line
precambrian shield	Another term for shield.
dew point	Dew point is the temperature at which water vapor saturates from an air mass into liquid or solid usually forming rain, snow, frost or dew
car-park	car transporting truck.
anti-oxidant	A compounding ingredient added to a plastic composition to retard possible degradation from contact with oxygen (air), particularly in processing at, or exposures to, high temperatures.
mmcf	Million Cubic Feet
stratiform rain	Horizontally widespread rain, uniform in character, typically associated with macroscale fronts and pressure systems.
outcrop	Any place where bedrock is visible on the surface of the Earth.
humidistat	A regulating device, actuated by changes in humidity, used for the automatic control of relative humidity.
first reading	The depth of the first useable reading or value recorded on a curve at the onset of the survey.
horsepower	A unit of power; equivalent to 33,000 ft-lb per minute, or 550 ft-lb per second (mechanical horsepower), or 0.746 kilowatts.
spreading rate	The speed at which two sides of a spreading center are moving apart
jack-up	Moble offshore drilling rig with retractable legs which rest on the seabed when the rig is operational.
inland freshwater wetlands	Swamps, marshes, and bogs found inland beyond the coastal saltwater wetlands.
back-in	A type of interest in a well or property that becomes effective at a specified time in the future, or on the occurrence of a specified future event.
mandatory carriage	The obligation to carry, for a fee, gas offered by another party
fumarolic activity	Volcanic gas emissions, with or without an accompanying change in the temperature or compositions of the gasses/fluids emitted (USGS Glossary of Volcano and Related Terminology).
glenelg river	the most significant river within the Glenelg Plain
rating curve	a graph showing the relationship between water surface elevation and discharge of a stream or river at a given location
current meter	Device used to measure the water velocity or current in a river.
emplacement age	The time at which an igneous body solidifies in the Earth's crust.
load curve	A graph in which the load of a gas system or segment of a system is plotted against intervals of time.
equivalent volumes	The term "Equivalent Volumes" shall mean the sum of the volumes of gas measured in MMBtu received by Transporter for the account of Shipper at the Transporter Receipt Point(s) during any given period of time, (a) reduced by a percentage for Fuel Gas consumed and a percentage for Gas Lost and Unaccounted For on Transporter's system as provided in the Agreement, (b) reduced by any plant volume reductions assessed as a result of Shipper's or its supplier's election to process the gas, and (c) adjusted for any variations in Btu content
biodiversity	The number and variety of organisms found within a specified geographic region or type of habitat
direct current	An electricity current that flows in one direction with a magnitude that does not vary or that varies only slightly.
esc	Exploration Service Contract
convection	Fluid motion which results from the action of unbalanced buoyancy forces.
edwards balance	An instrument for determining the specific gravity of gases
drawdown	The lowering of the water in a well as a result of a withdrawal
heavens !	mild oath; exclamation of surprise, disbelief, wonder, annoyance, frustration etc.
electronic data interchange	The computer-to-computer exchange of business documents and information through the use of standard document formats.
gps	Global Positioning System
open sea	That part of the ocean that extends from the continental shelf
thermodynamics	In general, the relationships between heat and other properties (such as temperature, pressure, density, etc.) In forecast discussions, thermodynamics usually refers to the distribution of temperature and moisture (both vertical and horizontal) as related to the diagnosis of atmospheric instability.
gyro	A device used for measuring changes in direction
odorant	Any material added to natural or LP gas in small concentrations to impart a distinctive odor
receiving waters	a river, ocean, stream, or other watercourse into which wastewater or treated effluent is discharged.
lotic system	A flowing body of fresh water, such as a river or stream
attorney in fact	A person authorized to perform certain acts for another person, under power of attorney.
nymex	New York Mercantile Exchange
ph	measure of the relative acidity or alkalinity of water
surface runoff	The part of runoff, caused by precipitation and/or snowmelt, that moves over the soil surface to the nearest stream channel
lb	Pound, unit of measurement for a number of metals and petrochemicals, eg cts/lb, lb/year.
exchange	the act of trading goods or services for those produced by people who are located elsewhere
close out	Finalizing a transaction by making an equal and opposite trade to an open position
saturation	(1) Water-Saturation: the fluid contained in the pores of an oil and gas rock which usually consists of a mixture of water plus oil and gas
billion	109
lather	1
wave trough	Area in between wave crests.
positive vorticity advection	A region of positive vorticity usually several hundred of kilometers wide on a upper level chart that moves with the general wind flow
coal	A carbon-rich sedimentary rock that forms from the remains of plants deposited as peat in swampy environments
variable ceiling	A ceiling of less than 3,000 feet (900 meters) which rapidly increases or decreases in height by established criteria during the period of observation.
geophysics	A study of subsurface geological conditions of structure or material through the interpretation of measurement variations in density, magnetics, elasticity, electrical conductivity, temperature, and/or radioactivity.
deaerator	The apparatus used to separate the dissolved gases from the condensate.
bi-monthly billing	A customer billing procedure in a distribution company where bills are rendered every month, but meters are read every other month
channel routing	The process of determining progressively timing and shape of the flood wave at successive points along a river.
discount on capital stock	The excess of par or stated value over the price paid to the company by the shareholders for original issue shares of its capital stock.
maximum spillway discharge	Spillway discharge (cfs) when reservoir is at maximum designed water surface elevation.
sea level	The observed level of the sea surface relative to a predefined datum at any instant of time.
main belt	the area between Mars and Jupiter where most of the asteroids in our Solar System are found.
brent	The primary crude pricing marker for UK and Europe.
case moth	any of several Australian moths of the family Psychidae, the caterpillars of which make portable, protective cases of very strong silk
jetter	one (as a geyser) that sends out a jet.
above the line	See BELOW THE LINE.
feedstock	Raw material supplied to a refinery or petrochemical plant for processing into higher-value products.
whirlwind	A small, rotating column of air; may be visible as a dust devil.
trough	An elongated area of relatively low atmospheric pressure, usually not associated with a closed circulation, and thus used to distinguish from a closed low
hygrometer	An instrument for determining the relative humidity of air or other gases
azimuth	The angle between A reference line,-usually north and south, and a line to an object, measured clockwise from south in Corps of Engineers surveying.
imhoff cone	a clear, cone-shaped container used to measure the volume of settleable solids in a specific volume of water.
formation	A body of rock of considerable thickness that has a recognizable unity or similarity making it distinguishable from adjacent rock units
bourdon tube	An arc-shaped, spiral, or helical metal tube that is approximately elliptical in cross-section and has one end attached to a pressure indicating, controlling, or recording device, while the other end is fixed
lift	One of the movable sections of a liquid-sealed gas holder
ground water mining	Pumping ground water from a basin where the safe yield is very small, thereby extracting ground water which had accumulated over a long period of time.
ten-ounce sandwich	(joc.) a glass of beer for lunch.
return on equity	The ratio of net income or earnings (after all expenses are deducted) to the book value of common and preferred stock plus retained earnings.
platform	continental platform: continental crust margin covered by sea and extending between shoreline and oceanic crust domain.
aquifer	Permeable layers of underground rock, or sand that hold or transmit groundwater below the water table that will yield water to a well in sufficient quantities to produce water for beneficial use.
operable unit	a term used by the Superfund program to describe a discrete action that comprises an incremental step toward comprehensively addressing site problems
ferromagnesian minerals	Minerals containing iron and magnesium.
inversely proportional	Cause and effect relationship between two variables where a positive or negative change in the quantity of one causes a predictable opposite change in quantity in the other.
fujita tornado intensity scale	Tornado classification system developed by T
meteoric water	groundwater which originates in the atmosphere and reaches the zone of saturation by infiltration and percolation.
unsaturated compounds	Any compound having more than one bond between two adjacent atoms; usually carbon atoms and capable of adding other atoms at that point to reduce it to a single bond.
rate of return	The return allowed to be earned (generally based on a cost of capital determination) or earned by a utility enterprise, generally calculated by dividing the net operating income (as defined) by the rate base.
solution gas	For the purposes of BC Oil and Gas Commission guidelines, solution gas is all gas that is separated from oil production.
hair hygrometer	Hygrometer that uses the expansion and contraction of hair to determine atmospheric humidity.
waterborne disease	A disease, caused by a bacterium or organism able to live in water, which can be transmitted by water.
meter stop	A shut-off valve located on the inlet side of the meter
flood	The inundation of a normally dry area caused by high flow, or overflow of water in an established watercourse, such as a river, stream, or drainage ditch; or ponding of water at or near the point where the rain fell
threatened species	Under the Federal Endangered Species Act, animal populations may be determined to be either threatened or endangered
virus	Is a fragment of DNA or RNA that depends on the infection of host cells for their reproduction
clearing	The process of matching trades, settling trades and provision of a guarantee for traded contracts, often a service performed by exchanges
22.6500	.337370
ursula	In William Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing, the attendant to Hero.
utility gases	Natural gas, manufactured gas, synthetic gas, liquefied petroleum gas-air mixture, or mixtures of any of these gases.
casing string	Casing is manufactured in lengths of about 30 ft, each length or joint being joined to another as casing is run in a well
capillarity	The phenomenon by which water rises in small pores into the unsaturated zone above the water table, because of adhesive and cohesive forces.
capacity assignment/brokering	The sale or assignment of a specific right to firm transportation (or storage) on an interstate natural gas pipeline to another entity
pilot program	A DSM program that is generally limited in scope or targeted to a select group of customers and is designed to test or build capability to deliver a full scale program
base volume index	A device which continuously and automatically compensates to correct gas volumes measured at operating temperature and pressure to volume at a specified base temperature and pressure.
nws	National Weather Service.
meteorite	an object, usually a chunk or metal or rock, that survives entry through the atmosphere to reach the Earth's surface
molecular weight distribution	The ratio of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) gives an indication of the distribution.
virtual temperature	The temperature a parcel of air would have if the moisture in it were removed and its specific heat was added to the parcel.
power purchase agreement	A contract involving the purchase and sales of electricity, which is normally executed between the owner of a power plant generating the electricity and the buyer of the electricity a regulated utility, local distribution company, or private sector industrial manufacturer.
bathythermograph	A device for obtaining a record of temperature against depth (strictly speaking pressure) in the upper 300 meters of the ocean from a ship underway
permeability	The ability of a material to transmit fluid through its pores when subjected to a difference in head.
haploid	Cell that contains only one set of chromosomes
field capacity	the amount of water a saturated soil contains after rapid internal drainage has ceased (approximately 2 days).
water closet	A flushable toilet.
mean high water	The average height of all high waters over a 19 year cycle.
www.computershare.com	For questions about distribution payments, address changes, and transfer procedures, call 312.360.5154
metamorphic rock	Metamorphic rock is formed when either sedimentary or igneous rock is altered by heat, pressure and/or chemical reaction (with the exception of chemical weathering)
acid mine drainage	Runoff caused by water flowing over and through sulfur-rich areas, such as coal or metal mines, is one of the main pollutants (pdf link) of surface water in this region, raising long-term ecological and economic concerns
highlands	The oldest exposed areas on the surface of the Moon
teddy	1
interest	payments made to an investor for the use of borrowed money
duration of ice cover	The time from freeze-up to break-up of an ice cover.
publicly-owned treatment works	a wastewater treatment plant that is owned by a state, unit of local government or Indian tribe, usually designed to treat domestic wastewaters
oxley basin	(see: Great Artesian Basin).
perfected water right	a water right which indicates that the uses anticipated by an applicant, and made under permit, were made for beneficial use
long-period comet	A comet with an orbital period exceeding 200 years
allocation	The process of determining ownership rights to the gas delivered to a meter.
cohesion	The attraction of water molecules to each other because of hydrogen bonding. Also known as surface tension.
gin shepherd	a white man who cohabits with an Aboriginal woman.
herps	herpes.
ammonification	The biochemical process whereby ammoniacal nitrogen is released from nitrogen-containing organic compounds.
tree	A large woody plant that has a trunk which supports branches and leaves.
overland telegraph	the line between Port Augusta and Darwin, connecting Adelaide and the rest of Australia with England via Darwin by means of a single wire, in 1872
bscf/d	Billion standard cubic feet per day
wavelength	The horizontal length of a wave in the direction of motion
ph	Scale used to measure the alkalinity or acidity of a substance through the determination of the concentration of hydrogen ions in solution
ultraviolet radiation	Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 0.1 and 0.4 micrometers (µm).
discharge	Movement of ground water from the subsurface to the land surface, usually from a spring or to a marsh, river, or stream.
dike	MARSH, SALT: A MARSH periodically flooded by salt water.
knife	pertaining to betrayal, double-crossing: e.g., He'd knife his own mother if it meant making money.
retirements	Cost of utility plant retired from service, whether or not it has been physically removed or replaced.
operator	The person or company, either proprietor or lessee, actually operating an oil well or lease.
economic out	Contract provisions enabling a company to get out of gas purchase contracts based on economic changes that are detrimental to the company.
bird	Group of warm blooded vertebrate animals whose body is covered with feathers.
facilitation	Modification of a system that makes subsequent modifications easier.
eur	Expected Ultimate Reserves
deed of trust	A legal document in which the borrower conveys the title to a 3rd party (trustee) to hold as security for the lender
total depth	The depth of a well when drilling is completed
concentrates	A fine, powdery product of the milling process containing valuable metal and from which most of the waste material in the ore has been eliminated and discarded as tailings
main	A distribution line that serves as a common source of supply for more than one service line.
overbank flow	Movement of flood waters outside a stream channel during period of high discharge.
metric ton	1,000 kilograms, or 2,204.6 pounds
weather	The state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place.
chemical	One of the millions of different elements and compounds found naturally and synthesized by humans.
larrakia	the language group name for the Aboriginal people of Darwin, in the Top End of the Northern Territory
m3/d	Cubic metres per day
groundwater basin	an alluvial aquifer or a stacked series of alluvial aquifers with reasonably well-defined boundaries in a lateral direction and having a definable bottom.
map unit	The area enclosed by a boundary indicating that within the limitations imposed by the scale of mapping the information mapped is homogeneous within that area i.e
settler's clock	a kookaburra.
cartier island marine reserve	an important biological stepping stone, linking the reef systems of Indonesia and the Philippines to those along the west Australian coasts
acre-foot	the volume of water required to cover an area of one acre of land with 12 inches (1 foot) of water depth
stress crack	Internal or external crack in a material caused by tensile or shear stresses less than that normally required for mechanical failure in air
send down	1
ho	Heating oil
industrial estate	an area of land developed for the siting of industrial enterprises; industrial park.
desert raisin	(see: bush tomato).
grazing food chain	Model describing the trophic flow of organic energy in a community or ecosystem.
town border station	See GATE STATION.
coriolis force	An apparent force due to the Earth's rotation
settlement conference	An informal meeting of interested parties to resolve differences in a rate case
sea-floor spreading	The process of oceanic crust creation and sea-floor movement that occurs at the mid-oceanic ridge.
reach	An expanse of a stream channel.
refractory grate	The assembly within or upon which refractory material is supported.
absorption	the uptake of water, other fluids, or dissolved chemicals by a cell or an organism (as tree roots absorb dissolved nutrients in soil).
arid	Said of a climate characterized by dryness, variously defined as rainfall insufficient for plant life; less than 10 inches (254 mm) of annual rainfall.
equivalent length of pipe	The resistance of pipe valves, controls, and fittings to gas flow expressed as equivalent length of pipe or pipe of other sizes, for convenience in calculating pipe diameters.
conveyance loss	water loss in pipes, channels, conduits, and ditches by leakage or evaporation.
working barrel	Slang term - see "open top cylinder".
dynamic-height anomaly	In oceanography, the excess of the actual geopotential difference, between two given isobaric surfaces , over the geopotential difference in a homogeneous water column of salinity 35 per mille (%) and temperature 0 degrees
piezometer	Pressure reading and measuring instrument connected to a short sealed off length of a drill hole or hydrogeologic unit.
dispersion	The movement of dissolved solids in the water by chemical forces which results in lower dissolved-solid concentrations.
replacement cost	The cost to replace damaged personal property without a deduction for depreciation.
decommission	To remove from service.
intermediate zone	The subsurface water zone below the root zone and above the capillary fringe.
domestic/retail competition	The competitive sale of gas to residential or small commercial customers, allowing those customers a choice of supplier other than the local distribution company
appreciation	An increased conversion value of property or mediums of exchange due to economic or related causes which may prove to be either temporary or permanent.
isobath	A contour (or surface) of equal depth in a body of water
biennial plant	Plant species that completes its life in two growing seasons.
luvisol soil	Soil order (type) of the Canadian System of Soil Classification
flood	Inundation of a land surface that is not normally submerged by water from quick change in the level of a water body like a lake, stream, or ocean.
pyroclastic rock	A rock formed by the accumulation of fragments of volcanic rock scattered by volcanic explosions.
silica gel	A desiccant, hygroscopic material that readily absorbs substantial quantities of moisture and is used to reduce the relative humidity of air or gas.
thermodynamics	The science and study of the relationships between heat and mechanical work
algae	simple rootless plants that grow in sunlit waters in proportion to the amount of available nutrients
aqueous solubility	the maximum concentration of a chemical that will dissolve in pure water at a reference temperature.
manning's equation	an empirical equation used to estimate the average hydraulic conditions of flow within a channel cross section.
didn't bat an eyelid	showed no emotion; didn't notice (or pretended not to): e.g., He didn't bat an eyelid when I took my clothes off.
busbar cost	The cost of producing one kWh of electricity delivered to, but not through, the transmission system (typically US)
gas sand	The underground porous strata which contains natural gas and from which it is produced
foot valve	Part of the cylinder that holds the column of water in the rising main while the plunger is being pushed down after each up-stroke.
stochastics	The theory of stochastics is based on the premise that prices close nearer the high in an uptrend, and nearer the low in a downtrend
saltation	the movement of sand or fine sediment by short jumps above a streambed under the influence of a water current too weak to keep it permanently suspended in the moving water
cyclogenesis	Development or intensification of a low-pressure center (cyclone).
overburden	Geostatic load
intervenor	A person, business entity, or public body that is granted the right to participate in a rate case or hearing.
fcc	Fluid catalytic cracker
associated gas	See GAS, ASSOCIATED.
low water cut-off	A device constructed so as to automatically cut off the gas supply when the surface of the water in a boiler falls to the lowest safe water level.
sedimentary rock	Rocks resulting from the consolidation of loose material that has accumulated in layers, usually on the bed of the sea, in lakes or in rivers.
pay zone or pay	The section of rock, from which oil or gas is expected to be produced in commercial quantities.
square foot of radiation	The amount of heating surface in the form of radiators, convertors, unit heaters, or other devices which will emit 240 Btu per hour.
species composition	that portion of an Index of Biotic Integrity that is a metric measuring the number and identity of species.
check dam	a small dam constructed in a gully or other small water course to decrease the streamflow velocity, minimize channel erosion, promote deposition of sediment and to divert water from a channel.
public water system	a system for the provision to the public of water for human consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances. In Texas, a public water system is one that serves at least 15 service connections or serve at least 25 individuals at least 60 days out of the year.
spot market	A market characterized by short-term, interruptible (or best efforts) contracts for specified volumes of gas
coastal wetland	Wetland habitat found along a coastline and is covered with ocean salt water for all or part of the year
landspout	Slang for a tornado that does not arise from organized storm-scale rotation and therefore is not associated with a wall cloud (visually) or a mesocyclone (on radar)
chemical energy	Energy consumed or produced in chemical reactions.
longwave radiation	See infrared radiation.
cove	A small type of bay typically with a small opening to the sea and thus quite sheltered from the wind and waves
plastic deformation	Irreversible change in the shape of a material without fracture as the result of the force of compression or expansion.
mixed liquor	a mixture of activated sludge and water containing organic matter undergoing treatment in an aeration tank.
runoff	Water that flows along the surface of the land.
lightning discharge	The series of electrical processes by which charge is transferred along a channel of high ion density between electrical charge centers of opposite sign
electromagnetic radiation	radiation that travels through vacuous space at the speed of light and propagates by the interplay of oscillating electric and magnetic fields
mean sea level	The average height of the surface of the ocean for all tidal stages.
boiler pressure	The pressure of the steam of water in a boiler, depending on type, generally expressed in pounds per square inch gauge and corresponding temperature.
range	Distance from the radar antenna
tankage	The process of sorting liquids in a tank, the capacity of tanks, or the price paid for tank storage of liquids.
above	1
capture zone	The area of water table/piezometric surface drawdown created by pumping a well.
evapotranspiration	Combination of evaporation from free water surfaces and transpiration of water from plant surfaces to the atmosphere.
natural gas liquids	The portions of gas from a reservoir that are liquified at the surface in separators, field facilities, or gas processing plants
wetland	Land with a wet spongy soil, where the water table is at or above the land surface for at least part of the year.
danu	The greatest of the goddesses of ancient Ireland.
boiler fuel gas	Natural gas used as a fuel for the generation of steam (or hot water).
nova	a star that flares up to several times its original brightness for some time before returning to its original state.
lng	After removing impurities such as moisture, sulfur compounds and carbon dioxide from natural gas with a chief constituent of methane, the gas is liquefied by cooling to ultra-low temperatures (-162° Celsius)
devonian reef national parks	comprises the Geikie Gorge National Park, the Tunnel Creek National Park and the Windjana Gorge National Park
credit bureau	A company that gathers information on consumers who use credit and sells that information in the form of a credit report to credit lenders.
syzygy	The instance (new moon or full moon) when the earth, sun, and moon are all in a straight line.
frost	Deposition of ice at the Earth's surface because of atmospheric cooling.
composites	Plants of the compositae family (Asteraceae)
hypolimnion	bottom layer of cold water in a lake
hem and haw	avoid coming to the point or giving a direct answer.
stocktank barrel	A barrel of oil at the earth’s surface.
pyrometer	An instrument for the measurement of high temperatures.
seep	A discharge of water that "oozes out of the soil or rock over a certain area without distinct trickles or rivulets" (from H
return flow	surface water that returns to the natural environment after diversion for beneficial uses, such as for irrigation.
scone	1
altimeter setting	That pressure value to which an aircraft altimeter scale is set so that it will indicate the altitude above mean sea-level of an aircraft on the ground at the location for which the value was determined.
anvil zits	Slang for frequent (often continuous or nearly continuous), localized lightning discharges occurring from within a thunderstorm anvil.
ecosystems	groundwater
subsidence	progressive sinking of a basin under tectonic strengths often accompanied with a more or less continuous sedimentary filling.
municipal utility	A utility owned and operated by a municipality or group of municipalities
energy dissipater	A structure which slows fast-moving spillway flows in order to prevent erosion of the stream channel.
anodic inhibitor	A chemical substance or combination of substances that prevents or reduces the rate of the anodic or oxidation reaction by a physical, physio-chemical or chemical action.
make-up gas	The contractual right to take gas volumes at a future date that were available but not taken on their designated date as with take-or-pay contracts.
granular activated carbon	pure carbon heated to promote "active" sites which can adsorb pollutants
comet	A small solar system body made of ice and dust that moves in an elliptical orbit around the Sun
fob	See Free on board.
conjunction	an event that occurs when two or more celestial objects appear close close together in the sky.
deferred bonus	A lease bonus payable in installments over a period of years
morphology	The scientific study of form, and of the structures and development that influence form; term used in most sciences.
direct action	Type of handpump which has non-levered Tee-handles directly connected to the pump rod.
cloud on title	An outstanding claim, condition or encumbrance which adversely affects the marketability of title.
ginger group	a group within a party or movement that presses for stronger or more radical policy or action.
repressuring	Forcing gas, under pressure, into the oil reservoir in an attempt to increase the recovery of crude oil; also done with water
coiled tubing	Along, small diameter pipe flexible enough to be stored on and deployed from a large, truck-mounted roll
thermal pollution	Reduction in water quality caused by increasing its temperature, often due to the disposal of waste heat from industrial or power generation processes
inferior planet	a planet that orbits between the Earth and the Sun
conductivity	The ability of a material to conduct electricity
wasteload allocation	term used in conjunction with the TMDL Program, a WLA is the portion of a receiving water's loading capacity that is allocated to one of its existing or future point sources of pollution
underlying properties	The working, overriding royalty and other leasehold interests owned by Southland Royalty Company, the predecessor to BROG, in properties located in the San Juan Basin of northwestern New Mexico, out of which the Royalty was carved.
service well	A well drilled in a known oil or natural gas field to inject liquids that enhance recovery or dispose of salt water.
check meter	A device for measuring utility service consumption within individual dwelling units where the utility service is supplied through a master meter.
satellite lng facility	A facility for storing and vaporizing LNG to meet relatively modest demands at remote locations or to meet short-term peak demands
commodity channel index	CCI measures the variation of an instrument's price from its mean
opposition	(the...) the second largest political party or coalition of parties after the Government in the Lower House
pulse combustion	A series of controlled mini-explosions (pulses) creating a pressure pulse and sustaining combustion through a type of chain reaction
river flood statement	This product is used by the local National Weather Service to update and expand the information in the River Flood Warning
monadnock	From Mount Monadnock in New Hampshire (1893)
units held	Individuals, Joint Holders and Minors
idc	Intangible Drilling Costs. All cost incurred in drilling a well other than equipment or leasehold interests
water reclamation	treating wastewater so that it can be used again
isohaline	A line (or surface) connecting points of equal or constant salinity in water bodies or groundwater.
water solubility	the maximum possible concentration of a chemical compound dissolved in water.
recarbonization	process in which carbon dioxide is bubbled into water being treated to lower the pH.
client agency	As used in connection with reimbursable National Weather Service (NWS) fire weather services, a public fire service or wildlands management agency, Federal or non-Federal, which requires and uses NWS fire and forestry meteorological services.
positive feedback	Change in the state of a system that enhances the measured effect of the initial alteration.
five light meter	Historically, a meter capable of measuring the volume of gas consumed by five gas lights
fixed charge	The charge calculated to recover all or a portion of the fixed costs of a utility, including generation facility and transmission lines, meters, and some taxes.
streamflow	the discharge that occurs in a natural channel.
king hit	1
devil's own job	difficult task: e.g., He's going to have the devil's own job convincing the court of his innocence.
spacing unit	The size (amount of surface area) of a parcel of land on which only one producing well is permitted to be drilled to a specific reservoir.
heath tea-tree	Leptospermum myrsinoides, an erect shrub to 2m high by 1m diameter with oblanceolate leaves to 1cm
foreclosure	A legal action that terminates all ownership rights in a home when the homebuyer fails to make the mortgage payments or is otherwise in default under the terms of the mortgage.
shot hole	A small-diameter hole, usually drilled with a portable, truck-mounted drill, for "planting" explosive charges in seismic operations.
transform fault	Massive strike-slip fault continental in size
glacial retreat	The backwards movement of the snout of a glacier.
hydrologic cycle	The continued circulation of water between the ocean, atmosphere and land is called the hydrologic cycle.
municipal sludge	semi-liquid residue remaining from the treatment of municipal water and wastewater.
mine [lcdb2 classification]	Culturally derived bare surfaces such as gravel pits and other open quarries.
permeability	A measure of the rate at which water can flow through the soil.
insolation	Incoming solar radiation
koongarra ltd	an Australian-based uranium mining company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Cogema
tropic tide	Tide occurring when the moon is near maximum declination; the diurnal inequality is then at a maximum.
continental slope	The area of descent from the edge of the continental shelf into greater depth.
manometer	A tube in the shape of a U, partially filled with
ultisols	Soil order (type) of the United States Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Classification System
ginger beer	an effervescent mildly alcoholic cloudy drink, made by fermenting a mixture of ginger and syrup.
isoheight	Same as a contour depicting vertical height of some surface above a datum plane.
hygroscopic	Substances that have the ability to absorb water and therefore accelerate the condensation process.
recession constant	Constant used to reduce the API value daily in the API method of estimating runoff.
spring tide	spring tide
impulse	See upper level system.
pastoral run	in Australia and New Zealand, a tract of land for grazing livestock
albedo feature	a dark or light marking on the surface of an object that may or may not be a geological or topographical feature
permeability	The property of a porous rock, sediment or soil for transmitting a fluid, it is a test of the relative ease of fluid flow in a porous medium.
high seas	The major oceans of the world including, for National Weather Service purposes, the coastal and offshore areas
ultimate potential	An estimate of recoverable reserves that will have been produced by the time all exploration and development activity is completed; includes production-to-date, remaining reserves, development of existing pools and new discoveries.
confluence	The point at which two or more bodies of water meet, for example where two streams merge into a single stream or where a tributary stream joins a larger river.
cooling tower	large tower used to transfer the heat in cooling water from a power or industrial plant to the atmosphere either by direct evaporation or by convection and conduction.
multilateral well	A well with several small branches (laterals) drilled out from the main well.
competitive exclusion	Situation where no two competitively interacting species can occupy exactly the same fundamental niche indefinitely because of resource limitations
clarifier	a tank in which solids settle to the bottom and are subsequently removed as sludge.
farmington	NEW MEXICO
water quality	the chemical, physical, biological, radiological, and thermal condition of water.
marginal cost	The cost of the next unit if it were purchased
interruptible transportation service	Low priority service offered to customers under schedules or contracts which anticipate and permit interruption on short notice, generally in peak-load seasons, by reason of the claim of firm service customers and higher priority users.
feldspar	The most abundant mineral in the earth's crust
pressure tendency	The character and amount of atmospheric pressure change during a specified period of time, usually 3-hour period preceding an observation.
cash and carry	An arbitrage transaction involving the simultaneous purchase of a cash commodity with borrowed money and the sale of the appropriate futures contract.
plastic insert	Insertion of a plastic liner through an existing steel service.
point vortex	Idealized vortex in two dimensions with zero vorticity everywhere except at a point where it is infinite
chart datum	tidal datum plane
watch redefining statement	This product tells the public which counties/parishes are included in the watch
negative-tilt trough	An upper level system which is tilted to the west with increasing latitude (i.e., with an axis from southeast to northwest)
well screen	A cylindrical filter used to prevent sediment from entering a water well
resilient soil	Soils with the ability to recover or maintain essential soil physical qualities such as infiltration, aggregation and aeration from modification such as intensive cultivation.
hour angle	the telescope based coordinate specifying the angle, in the equatorial plane, from the meridian to a plane containing the celestial object and the north and south celestial poles.
polymerization	A chemical reaction in which the molecules of a monomer are linked together to form polymers
type fossil	A type fossil is an individual or specimen from which the description of the species or subspecies has been prepared and upon which the specific name has been based
erosion	the detachment and transport of soil particles by water and wind
coastal flood watch	This National Weather Service product alerts residents along the Atlantic, Pacific, and Gulf Coasts to the possibility of coastal flooding.
very poorly drained soils	Soils that have an O horizon (an organic horizon), or lack a distinctive topsoil and have 50% or more grey mottles at less than 10 cm from the soil surface.
mud logger	A technician who uses chemical analysis, microscopic examination of the cuttings, and an assortment of electronic instruments to monitor the mud system for possible indications of hydrocarbons (shows).
marine riser	Pipe connecting offshore installation to a subsea wellhead or pipeline for drilling or production purposes.
hexham grey	the widespread grey mosquito Aedes alternans, the largest biting mosquito in Australia.
headwater advisory table	A table developed by a River Forecast Center for a Headwater Guidance Point; a pre-computed matrix of values allows a forecaster to ascertain an anticipated crest or rise on a small river or stream for a variety of rainfall events and soil moisture conditions.
electronic gas measurement	"Real time" monitoring of natural gas quantities, and characteristics, as it passes through a specific location.
in-line filtration	a pretreatment method in which chemicals are mixed by flowing water; commonly used in pressure filtration installations.
visean	Early Carboniferous age ranging from 350 Ma to 325 Ma.
lease offering	An area of land offered for lease – usually by the U.S
f&e	Fair and Equitable as in F&E cost distribution.
critical saturation	The value of saturation of the specific liquid (or gas) phase at which the liquid (or gas) will first begin to flow as the saturation is increased
s-wave	A seismic wave that moves material it encounters perpendicular to its direction of travel
landfill site	An area of land that is used for dumping household, commercial and industrial waste that cannot be reused or recycled
hanging dam	A mass of ice composed mainly of frazil or broken ice deposited underneath an ice cover in a region of low flow velocity.
suspension	a method of sediment transport in which air or water turbulence supports the weight of the sediment particles, thereby keeping them from settling out or being deposited
basin lag	The time it takes from the centroid of rainfall for the hydrograph to peak.
organism abundance and condition	that portion of an Index of Biotic Integrity that is a metric measuring species abundance and condition, including proportion of individuals as hybrids and proportion of individuals with disease, tumors, physical damage, or physical anomalies.
orifice spud	A removable plug or cap containing an orifice which permits adjustment of the flow of gas either by substitution of a spud with a different sized orifice or by motion of a needle with respect to it.
lava	Hot molten rock (magma) that has reached the earth's surface after flowing out of volcanoes or cracks in the earth.
peat	A type of soil made up of decomposed organic material that has formed by the slow decay of vegetation in wet environments such as bogs
overriding royalty	A revenue interest in oil and gas, created out of a working interest
drill sump or pit	an excavation below ground level, constructed for the purpose of circulating drilling fluids during well drilling operations.
flutter	(to have a...) to place a (small) bet or wager (on the horses).
fly ash	All solids, including cinders, ash, soot, or other partially incinerated matter, that are carried in a gas stream.
thalweg	the line of maximum depth in a stream
bright band	The enhanced layer of radar echo caused by the difference in radar reflectivity of ice and water particles
frontal inversion	A transition zone between two different air masses
mboe	One thousand barrels of oil equivalent
tension leg platform	A floating offshore structure held in position by a number of tension-maintaining cables anchored to seabed
methyl orange alkalinity	A measure of the total alkalinity in a water sample in which the color of methyl orange reflects the change in level.
geographic cycle	Theory developed by William Morris Davis that models the formation of river-eroded landscapes
homichlophobia	The fear of fog.
doctrine of prior appropriation	system for allocating water to private individuals used in most western states
avgas	High octane aviation gasoline used in piston type aircraft engines.
bowen reaction series	Model that explains the origin of the various types of igneous rocks
lower watershed	The part of the watershed extending from Lake Erie to the sharp change in elevation (the escarpment) just upstream (south and east) from University Circle.
hazard insurance	Protects against damages caused to property by fire or other common hazards.
shortwave radiation	Electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 0.1 and 0.7 micrometers (µm)
sustained overdraft	long term withdrawal from the aquifer of more water than is being recharged.
plug back	- To block off the lower section of the borehole by setting a plug, in order to perform operations in the upper part of the hole.
biotite	A common, iron-rich black mica found in a wide variety of rocks.
lemon time	(Australian Rules football) three-quarter time.
recharge area	The area on the Earth's surface that receives water for storage into a particular aquifer.
reservoir	a pond, lake, tank, or basin (natural or human made) where water is collected and used for storage
tropical cyclone update	This brief statement is issued by the National Hurricane Center in lieu of or preceding special advisories to inform of significant changes in a tropical cyclone or the posting or cancellation of watches and warnings.
depleted tussock [lcdb2 classification]	Very low herbaceous vegetation with grassland/herbfield character: short tussock grassland species are usually less than 10% cover; hieracium species, exotic grasses and bare ground are conspicuous.
syndication expenses	Expenditures incurred by a partnership in connection with issuing and marketing its interests to investors: legal fees of the issuer for securities and tax advice, accounting fees for audits and other representations included in the offering memorandum.
erg desert	A region in a desert where sand is very abundant.
spc mesoscale discussions	A mesoscale discussion issued by the Storm Prediction Center in Norman, Oklahoma as a routine/daily, but nonscheduled, short-term (0-6 hours) product to communicate the current judgment of the SPC to the user community
aquifer	An underground, water-bearing layer of earth, porous rock, sand, or gravel, through which water can seep or be held in natural storage
drainage basin	Land surface region drained by a length of stream channel.
koowarta vs. bjelke-peterson	an historic native title claim, second only to Mabo vs
maximum daily quantity	The greatest quantity of gas to be received and/or delivered in a twenty-four hour period by the transporting pipeline on behalf of the shipper under terms defined in a contract
flash mob	this practice of what might be called "group street performance art" was invented in Australia
sedimentary rocks	Any rock formed by the consolidation of sediment settled out of water, ice or air and accumulated on the Earth's surface, either on dry land or under water
common carrier	A person or company in the business of transporting the public or goods for a fee
inch of water	A pressure unit representing the pressure required to support a column of water one inch high
compound	A substance made by combining two or more parts or elements; water is a chemical compound made from hydrogen and oxygen.
viscosity	In general, resistance to flow; that property of semi-fluids and gases by virtue of which they resist an instantaneous change of shape or arrangement of molecules.
greenfield	A project that is built on a previously undeveloped or minimally developed site
give the willies	give rise to an uneasy sense of concern (in someone): e.g., That uncurtained window gives me the willies.
carbon dioxide	Common gas found in the atmosphere
outwash	a deposit of sand and gravel formed by streams of meltwater flowing from a glacier.
he himself	the master of the house; the boss.
santa ana wind	A strong, hot, dry foehn-like wind that blows from the north, northeast, or east into southern California.
km	abbreviation for kilometre.
desert pavement	A veneer of coarse particles left on the ground after the erosion of finer particles by wind.
miranda	In William Shakespeare's The Tempest, the second daughter of Prospero the magician.
dissolved load	Portion of the stream load that is in solution in the flowing water.
metamorphism	physical and chemical process that modifies the mineralogical assemblage of rocks under pressure and temperature increase when buried at depth
intensity	A measure of the effects at a particular place produced by shaking during an earthquake
state stamps	See Documentary Stamps.
cash market	The physical market underlying a futures or options contract.
infiltration	The downward entry of water into the immediate surface of soil or other material, as contrasted with percolation, which is movement of water through soil layers or material.
smog	Generic term used to describe mixtures of pollutants in the atmosphere
revenue requirement	The amount of revenues the utility needs to receive in order to cover operating expenses, pay debt service, and provide a fair return to common equity investors.
double tide	double tide
ulj	An acronym for Upper Level Jet
national response team	representatives of 13 federal agencies that, as a team, coordinate federal responses to nationally significant incidents of pollution and provide advice and technical assistance to the responding agencies.
secondary substance	Organic chemical produced by a plant that has no direct function in its metabolism
erosion	the wearing away of the land surface by wind, water, ice or other geologic agents
mcd	An acronym for Mesoscale Discussion.
coupling	A sleeve-type fitting used to connect two pipes of similar or different materials, providing insulation or continuity.
saxonian	Early Permian age ranging from 270 Ma to 258 Ma.
gross acres	The number of acres in which one owns a working interest
anion exchange capacity	The total amount of exchangeabie anions that a soil can adsorb
groundwater recharge	the inflow to a ground water reservoir.
cutoff	where the stream cuts through the neck of a meander bend.
speed of light	Velocity of light in a vacuum
omega	A term used to describe vertical motion in the atmosphere
calving	The loss of glacier mass when ice breaks off into a large water body like an ocean or a lake.
history of a well	A written account of a well's drilling and operation, required by law in some states.
dry crack	Crack visible at the surface but not going right through the ice cover, and therefore it is dry.
give a hoy	1
valhalla	In Norse mythology, Odin's hall, where he received the souls of slain warriors.
background level	the concentration of a substance in an environmental media (water or soil) that occurs naturally or is not the result of human activities.
castle hill settlement	site of the first colonial government farm, which was worked by convicts to feed the entire colony
blow-off valve	Valve used to blow pressure off the pipeline
sandpoint	A well pipe with a screen, equipped with a hardened, conical point at the bottom, that is driven into the ground to tap shallow ground water.
meteorite	Stony or metallic material of a meteor that has survived passage through the Earth's atmosphere and reached the earth's surface.
ipp	Independent power producers – unregulated power generators which, unlike utilities, have no franchised retail service territories
aggregate monthly distribution	An amount paid to Unit holders equal to the Royalty Income received by the Trustee during a calendar month plus interest, less the general and administrative expenses of the Trust, adjusted by any changes in cash reserves.
pipeline	carries water underground to homes and businesses
convective rain	Rain associated with convective or cumuliform clouds characterized by vertical development in the form of rising mounds, domes, or towers.
capacity charge	One element of a two-part pricing method used in power transactions (energy charge is the other element
best track	A subjectively smoothed path, versus a precise and very erratic fix-to-fix path, used to represent tropical cyclone movement
electrolysis	In a pipeline, the decomposition or destruction of the pipe wall by stray electrical currents
qpferd	NCEP Excessive Rainfall Discussion.
cooperative housing	An apartment building or a group of dwellings owned by a corporation, the stockholders of which are the residents of the dwellings
wheeling	In the gas business, refers to the transfer of gas between pipelines
explosive deepening	A decrease in the minimum sea-level pressure of a tropical cyclone of 2.5 mb/hr for at least 12 hours or 5 mb/hr for at least six hours.
spe	Society of Petroleum Engineers
soil complex	A soil polygon on the soil map that includes more than one soil type within its boundary
stratified fluid	In a stratified fluid the effective density varies with depth
tearaway	1
co2 sequestration	defined to be deeper than 1 kilometer
fault	A fracture in the Earth's crust, along which movement has occurred
diehards	men of the final parties in the evacuation of Anzac; or the men who worked to stay until the last (digger dialect).
muskeg	Poorly drained marshes or swamps found overlying permafrost.
international date line	A line drawn almost parallel to the 180 degree longitude meridian that marks the location where each day officially begins
turn-on charge	The fee paid by a customer to have his utility service turned on.
it's sweet	it is satisfactory, all right, okay, acceptable.
fujita scale	The old scale used to classify the strength of a tornado
certificate condition	A condition imposed by the FPC or FERC when granting a Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity.
bobbins	Rubber stoper used as a one-way valve in some plunger assemblies and foot valves.
tool pusher	The supervisor over drilling rig operations
stephanian	Late Carboniferous age ranging from 305 Ma to 295 Ma.
luster	The quality and intensity of light reflected from the surface of a mineral.
circumpolar star	a star that never sets but always stays above the horizon
wetting agent	A compound that increases the ability and speed with which a liquid displaces air from a solid surface, thus improving the process of wetting that surface
gold loans	A form of debt financing whereby a potential gold producer borrows an amount of gold from a lending institution, sells the gold on the open market, uses the cash for company purposes (ie building a mine), then pays back the gold from actual mine production.
river-weight	See RIVER-CLAMP.
low water	(abbreviated LW; or low tide)
oxbow lake	Is portion of abandoned stream channel filled with stagnant water and cut off from the rest of the stream
reach	in general, a length of stream with relatively homogenous characteristics.
hinterland	1
barrage	any artificial obstruction placed in water to increase water level or divert it
hit man	(Australian Rules football) tough footballer prone to clocking opponents.
head-job	sarcasm, pertaining to (someone) being ugly, having an ugly face that could be fixed with surgery.
cylinder barrel	The cylinder body or housing in which the plunger moves.
eosophobia	The fear of dawn or daylight.
inverter	An electrical device for conversion of direct current to alternating current.
pluvial	In hydrology, anything that is brought about directly by precipitation.
municipal water district	a public water provider, owned and operated by more than one city government, which supplies water to its member cities
backwater flooding	Upstream flooding caused by downstream conditions such as channel restriction and/or high flow in a downstream confluence stream.
aqueous	something made up of water.
hit a sour note	1
minimum opening bid	The lowest acceptable amount at which the bidding must commence.
watch box	Slang for a severe thunderstorm or tornado watch.
earthquake	An earthquake is a sudden, violent movement of the earth's crust.
rate schedule	The commonly known forms of rates may be divided into two main classes, and each of these classes into several different types of rates.
parasite	Consumer organism that feeds on a host for an extended period of time
capital	Short-and long-term debt, including capital lease obligations, plus total shareholders' equity.
initial delivery	The first gas to flow under an agreement at a new facility or for a new contract.
psi	Pounds per square inch.
convection current	A circulation pattern in which warmer material rises and colder material sinks
millidarcies	A darcy (or darcy unit) and millidarcies (mD) are units of permeability.
sour gas	Gas having a high sulphur content.
paycheque	British spelling of paycheck.
photoperiod	The duration of the daylight period.
ppe	Personal protective equipment
continental divide	A major drainage divide separating the drainage to one ocean from another.
highfalutin	pretentious; pompous; snobbish; affectedly superior.
earthshine	sunlight reflected from Earth that illuminates the lunar surface.
title tracking	Detailing (in confidence to the appropriate client) the sales and parties in transactions involving units of natural gas, which can be lengthy and complex.
flick man	an exterminator of household pests (from an extermination company of the same name): e.g., I'm going to call the Flick Man about these cockies.
private mortgage insurance	See Mortgage Insurance.
shagged	tired; exhausted.
detention storage	The volume of water, other than depression storage, existing on the land surface as flowing water which has not yet reached the channel.
certified emission reductions	Tradable greenhouse gas offset credits generated by UN's Clean Development Mechanism
tea towel	dish towel.
clear slot	A local region of clearing skies or reduced cloud cover, indicating an intrusion of drier air; often seen as a bright area with higher cloud bases on the west or southwest side of a wall cloud
thermal maturity	The amount of heat, in relative terms, to which a rock has been subjected
element	A molecule composed of one type of atom
grassland	Ecosystem whose dominant species are various types of grass
heating season method	See SEASONAL METHOD.
registration	The meter-dial positions of a meter index
hydration	A form of chemical weathering that involves the rigid attachment of H+ and OH- ions to the atoms and molecules of a mineral.
carbonation	Is a form of chemical weathering where carbonate and bicarbonate ions react with minerals that contain calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium.
fresh:salt water interface	the region where fresh water and salt water meet
runoff	Drainage or flood discharge that leaves an area as surface flow or as pipeline flow, having reached a channel or pipeline by either surface or subsurface routes
zone heat	A central heating and/or cooling system which is arranged so that different temperatures can be maintained in two or more areas of the building being heated or cooled or simultaneously heated or cooled.
tidal current	The horizontal movement of water associated with the rise and fall of the tide
finite element	a method of solving the governing equations of a numerical model by dividing the spatial domain into elements in each of which the solution of the governing equations is approximated by a continuous function.
retrofit	An investment made in an existing building or facility
disconformity	An unconformity marked by a distinct erosion-produced, irregular, uneven surface of appreciable relief between parallel strata below and above the break; sometimes represents a considerable interval of nondeposition.
moho discontinuity	The lower boundary of the crust
natural gas or gas	A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gases in porous formations beneath the Earth's surface, often in association with petroleum
reserves	Resources profitable to produce with current technologies; due to the uncertainty in estimates of subsurface resources, companies use the terms possible, probable and proven to describe their confidence in the quantity of reserves that can be produced profitably.
fuel price adjustment clause	See CLAUSE, ADJUSTMENT.
phreatic surface	The free surface of ground water at atmospheric pressure.
overseer	1
cop	See Conference of Parties.
charcoal	Solid carbon-rich residue derived from incomplete burning of organic material.
imputed capitalization	A method to adjust a projected capital structure for accumulated deferred income taxes.
acid gases	Gases that produce an acidic solution when dissolved in water
naeca	National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987 mandates minimum energy efficiency standards for most major residential appliances.
native element	occurs in nature and is not part of a compound
gradient	the pressure gradient (pressure at casing seat/metre of overburden) existing during cavern operation and is a function of the mode of operation (brine/hydrocarbon injection/withdrawal), the rate of fluid injection or withdrawal and its relative density and the tubing/casing string sizes.
embedded cost	The historical cost of all facilities in the power supply system.
alternate fuels	Other fuels that can be substituted for the fuel in use
acid bog	A bog is a waterlogged area of land
farm out	A commercial transaction where a company sells a share in a concession in return for some consideration.
give it a go	make an attempt at something.
isochrone	A line on a chart connecting equal times of occurrence of an event
tea-leaf	(rhyming slang) thief.
expander turbine	A rotary motion machine employing the hot air blast of jet engines as the turning force.
levee	Ridge of coarse deposits found alongside the stream channels and elevated above the floodplain
primary pollutant	Air pollutants that enter the atmosphere directly
coral reef	Ridge of limestone found generally below the ocean surface
fire behavior	A complex chain-reaction process that describes the ignition, buildup, propagation, and decline of any fire in wildland fuels.
stoss	Side of a slope that faces the direction of flow of ice, wind, or water
dice	1
tide	The periodic rise and fall of the water resulting from gravitational interactions between the Sun
kame terrace	A long flat ridge composed of glaciofluvial sediment
flex rates	Monthly price changes in rates, within a minimum/ maximum range.
metamorphic rock	Rock that has changed from one form to another by heat or pressure.
eutrophication	an excess of plant nutrients from natural erosion and runoff from the land in an aquatic ecosystem supporting a large amount of aquatic life that can deplete the oxygen supply.
valley winds	Valley winds encompass several effects, the first of which is the tendency of wind to funnel down a pronounced valley
conveyance loss	The loss of water from a conduit due to leakage, seepage, evaporation, or evapotranspiration.
berm	A wall or barrier of sand usually used to protect against flooding along coasts, used to stop oil from washing up on Gulf Coast beaches.
fixed ground water	water held in saturated material that it is not available as a source of water for pumping.
ripple mark	Any of the small ridges formed on sediment surfaces exposed to moving wind or water
incidental water	Untreated water produced during CSG appraisal and extraction is referred to as incidental water.
tropic of capricorn	Latitude of 23.5° South
mafic magma	Magma that is relative poor in silica but rich in calcium, magnesium, and iron content
frequency	The number of recurrences of a periodic phenomenon per unit time
wave	An identifiable, periodic disturbance or motion in a medium that shows displacement
devolution	(of politics) the decentralisation of governmental power
uvv	An acronym for Upward Vertical Velocity.
isohyet	A line on a weather map connecting points receiving equal precipitation amounts.
kuiper belt	a large ring of icy, primitive objects beyond the orbit of Neptune
soil profile	Vertical arrangement of layers or horizons in a soil.
pash on	to cuddle and kiss; indulge in intimate behaviour.
field	The general area encompassed by one or more oil or gas reservoirs or pools that are located on a single geologic feature, that are otherwise closely related to the same geologic feature (either structural or stratigraphic)
kind of limitation	The single most limiting factor to the use of land for common agricultural purposes
depreciation	A decline in the value of a house due to changing market conditions, decline of a neighborhood or lack of upkeep on a home.
pennants	A price chart pattern that looks like a vertical line with a small triangle at the top
endemism	the characteristic of being confined to or indigenous in, a certain area or region.
jurisdiction	Portion of the company's activities that are subject to the rules and regulations of the particular government entity which regulates it.
porifera	A sponge has a system of holes and canals the animal uses to circulate water through its body
wellbore	The hole made by a well.
dinky-di	an intensified version of dinkum, entering the language by the end of WWI
water treatment lagoon	An impound for liquid wastes, so designed as to accomplish some degree of biochemical treatment of the wastes.
photosynthesis	Manufacture by plants of carbohydrates and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll with sunlight as the energy source
registrar of aboriginal corporations	an independent, statutory office-holder appointed by the Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs
black body	Is a body that emits electromagnetic radiation, at any temperature, at the maximum possible rate per unit surface area
mudflow	Form of mass movement where fine textured sediments and soil mix with water to create a liquid flow.
clay	Soil material which consists of particles less than 0.002 mm in diameter.
desert gum	any of several eucalypts occurring in drier Australia.
aboriginal lands claim	a legal claim to unalienated Crown land that can be made by the various Aboriginal tribes, on behalf of an entire group or tribe of Aborigines
impact evaluation	Examination of the effects of a DSM program, including quantitative documentation of a program's costs and benefits, program participation and measure adoption, performance of technologies, and energy impacts.
efp	Exchange of futures for physical: refers to the exchange of a futures position for a physical (swap) position.
analysis	A tidal analysis is normally a linear regression of a sea level time series (of, for example, hourly values) in terms of harmonic tidal constituents (sine waves)
profundal zone	a lake's deep-water region that is not penetrated by sunlight.
mass extinction	A catastrophic, widespread perturbation where major groups of species become extinct in a relatively short time compared to normal background extinctions.
annual percentage rate	The cost of credit expressed as a yearly rate
discount rate	A rate of interest representing the time-related value of resources
standard & poor's	Rating
loess	A homogeneous, unstratified accumulation of silt-sized material deposited by the wind.
spring	groundwater seeping or flowing out of the Earth's surface; springs occur where the water table reaches the surface
hydrocarbons	Organic compounds of hydrogen and carbon whose densities, boiling points, and freezing points increase as their molecular weights increase
acquisition	act of becoming the owner of certain property; used also of the thing or property acquired.
erosion	The wearing away, breaking down, or dissolving of rock and other material by wind or water
edge wave	An ocean wave traveling parallel to a coast, with crests normal to the coast line
climax community	Plant community that no longer undergoes changes in species composition due to succession.
barrel of fat	(rhyming slang) hat.
phreatic eruption	An explosive volcanic eruption caused when water and heated volcanic rock interact to produce a violent expulsion of steam and pulverized rocks
gas absorption	The extraction of a gaseous substance from an atmosphere by liquid or solid material.
uniformitarianism	Is a theory that rejects the idea that catastrophic forces were responsible for the current conditions on the Earth
bcp	Business Continuity Plan
pro rata allocation	A capacity or gas supply allocation methodology under which all customers would receive the same proportion of the natural gas service available as their portion of total volumes contracted for
organism	any form of animal or plant life.
upwelling	The movement of nutrient-rich deep seawater to the ocean's surface.
hydrocracking	A catalytic process for converting high boiling hydrocarbon liquids to lighter, high-quality fractions such as gasoline, diesel fuel, etc., in the presence of hydrogen
progressive restoration	Restoration which takes place before the end of the site in areas no longer required in the mineral operation.
solonetzic soil	Soil order (type) of the Canadian System of Soil Classification
lease	A contract between the owner of the mineral rights on a property (lessor) and an oil company (lessee) and under which the lessor conveys the exclusive right to explore for and produce the minerals on a property, during a specified period of time
climate prediction center	The CPC is one of nine national centers that comprises the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)
soil taxonomy	The classification of a soil in a hierarchical system based on its various properties
speleogenesis	The study of cave formation
diaphragm	A bellows inside a displacement type gas meter
experiment	A controlled investigation designed to evaluate the outcomes of causal manipulations on some system of interest.
fen [wetlands classification]	A wetland with predominantly peat substrate that receives groundwater and nutrients from adjacent mineral soils
sour crude oil	Oil containing free sulphur or other sulphur compounds whose total sulphur content is in excess of 1 percent.
shut in	To close the valves at the top of a well bore
hen	fussy woman (or man).
high on the nose	having an unpleasant smell.
landman	An agent who works for a drilling company or who is contracted by a drilling company or broker
rate cap	The limit on the amount that the interest rate on an ARM can increase or decrease during any one adjustment period.
ventilation air	That portion of supply air which comes from outside, plus any recirculated air that has been treated to maintain the desired quality of air within a designated place.
extraction loss	The reduction in volume of natural gas resulting from the removal of the natural gas liquid constituents of natural gas at extraction plants
step-out well	A well drilled near a proven well, but located in an unproven area, that determines the boundaries of the producing formation.
surface wave	A seismic wave which travels around the outer surface of the Earth, but which does not pass through the Earth.
laugh up sleeve	to secretly, inwardly scoff at, ridicule, laugh at.
core	A cylindrical section of rock, usually 2-4 inches in diameter and up to several feet long, that is the result of coring into the earth
meander	Sinuous shaped stream channel
lithosphere	The outer solid part of the Earth that includes the crust and uppermost mantle
water table	The level of ground water.
current adjustment	Applicable to pipelines which have a PGA mechanism in effect
bangalow	the only intact Federation village on Australia's east coast
non-linear tides	Tides produced in shallow water or by frictional effects which have periods equivalent to 4, 6, 8 cycles or more per day.
spring tide	Tides of increased range occurring semimonthly as the result of the Moon being new or full.
ethanol	The two-carbon alcohol present in the greatest proportion upon the fermentation of grain and other organic matter, such as potatoes, sugar or timber
cash flow	Income before extraordinary items plus non-cash revenues (such as equity income)
percolating groundwater	underground waters whose course and boundaries are incapable of determination
assessments	Additional capital contributions that maybe required by the limited partners during the course of the partnership’s existence.
crater	An approximately circular depression, sometimes surrounded by a raised rim
chart datum	diurnal tide
derived products	Processed base data on the Doppler radar.
calibration	to check, adjust, or determine by comparison that a computer model will produce results that meet or exceed some defined criteria within a specified degree of confidence.
bare-eyed cockatoo	Cacatua pastinator sanguinea, the little corella.
river	a natural stream of water of considerable volume.
ombrophobia	The fear of rain or of being rained on.
investment tax credit	A credit against income taxes, usually computed as a percent of the cost of investment in certain types of assets.
allochthonous clay	Clay originating in an environment different from the final sedimentary environment (rocky substrate soil or upstream sediment subjected to erosion).
rotor	Rotating assembly of shaft, discs, and hammers within a crusher which imparts the crushing forces to the material.
dhurga	Aboriginal language that was spoken from the Jervis Bay area to Wallaga Lake, New South Wales, now extinct
conditionally effective rates	Rates that have been allowed by FERC subject to refund pending final disposition of the rate hearing.
natural gas liquids	A general term for liquid products separated from natural gas in a gas processing plant
ithaca	A Greek island, home of Odysseus.
magma	A body of molten rock found at depth.
geostationary satellite	Satellites orbiting at 22,370 miles above the Earth's surface with the same rotational velocity as the Earth; therefore, the satellite remains over the same location on the Earth 24 hours a day.
biomass conversion	Process by which biomass materials are burned for direct energy or by which such materials are converted to synthetic fuels.
lark quarry conservation park	in this park you can see hundreds of dinosaur footprints, preserved in rock (the Lark Quarry Dinosaur Trackways)
gj/d	Gigajoules per day
galle	Johann Gottfried Galle (1812-1910) German astronomer who discovered the crepe ring of Saturn (1838) and was a co-discoverer of Neptune (1846).
thematic map	Map that displays the geographical distribution of one phenomenon or the spatial associations that occur between a few phenomena
cashout provisions	To the extent a shipper violates balancing provisions, any difference between receipts and deliveries will be "cashed out", with the pipeline purchasing excess receipts at below-market prices and selling receipt shortages at above-market prices.
drought	A period of abnormally dry weather sufficiently prolonged from the lack of precipitation to cause a serious hydrologic imbalance.
fuel cell	A device that generates direct current to electricity by means of an electrochemical process.
virus	A parasitic infectious microbe, composed almost entirely of protein and nucleic acids, which can cause disease(s) in humans
epicentre	The point at which an earthquake reaches the earth's surface (the central point of an earthquake's source).
glasshouse mountains	so-named by Captain James Cook when he sailed up the eastern coast of Australia, because he thought that they resembled the shape of fancy glasshouses being constructed by the wealthy in Britain during the late 1700s
hdpe	High density poly ethylene (pipe coating)
5	3,117
selective catalytic reduction	A post combustion control which taps flue gas off the boiler and injects ammonia with nitrogen oxide gas to reduce emissions.
bell-and-spigot pipe	Pipe made with a cup-like flare at one end (the bell) and plain at the other end (the spigot)
float recording precipitation gage	A rain gage where the rise of a float within the instrument with increasing rainfall is recorded
retained interest	- A fractional interest reserved by the owner of a whole interest when the balance of the whole interest is transferred to another party.
larrikin	hooligan; loutish youth; rough, rowdy, boisterous young man.
atmosphere	one atmosphere is 14.7 pounds per square inch (105 Newtons per square meter); the average atmospheric pressure at sea level on Earth
points	An amount of money paid to a lender to obtain a loan at a certain interest rate
dekatherm	A unit of heating value equivalent to 10 therms or 1,000,000 Btu's.
pleistocene epoch	The interval of geologic time between approximately 1.6 million and 10,000 years ago.
environment	the surroundings that affect the growth and development of an organism
kuroshio extension	The warm, eastward-flowing ocean current that represents the direct continuation of the Kuroshio (in latitude 35 degrees where the Kuroshio leaves the coast of Japan), and flows eastward in two branches
reduction ratio	The ratio of the particle-size of the feed material to the particle-size of the crusher product.
skimmers	Devices, such as boats, used to remove oil from the water's surface.
tee up	organise; arrange.
filed rates	Rates in a general rate filing that a pipeline company proposes to place in effect one month after the filing date
pagophobia	The fear of ice or frost.
phosphorous	a plant nutrient that can cause an overabundance of bacteria and algae when high amounts are present, leading to a depletion of oxygen and fish kills
floc	clumps of impurities removed from water during the purification process; formed when alum is added to impure water
observation well	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
drainage density	The relative density of natural drainage channels in a given area
zonal	Refers to motion or distance along lines of latitude
escarpment	A long cliff or steep slope separating two comparatively level or more gently slping surface, resulting from erosion or faulting.
water meter	An instrument, mechanical or electronic, used for recording (in gallons, cubic feet, or cubic meters) the quantity of water passing through a particular pipe line or outlet
coordinated universal time	The time in the zero degree meridian time zone
paying interest	The cost-bearing interest arising out of the obligation to bear initialexploration, appraisal and development costs on behalf of a partner
total organic carbon	The concentration of material derived from decaying vegetation, bacterial growth and metabolic activities of living organisms or chemicals in the source rocks.
frasnian	Late Devonian age ranging from 375 Ma to 365 Ma.
give what for	give (someone) a severe scolding, punishing: e.g., If you keep wagging school, the headmaster is going to give you what for!
well screen	A slotted section of pipe usually placed in the borehole adjacent to the main aquifer unit or units that supplies the well with water.
brecciated zone	A zone converted into a breccia.
ug/l	micrograms per liter also equivalent to parts per billion
give it the herbs	(especially of a car) accelerate; go faster.
kinetic energy	The energy inherent in a body due to its motion; with greater speed and mass, the kinetic energy increases.
lswr	Low sulfur waxy residual fuel oil.
coriolis effect	The effect caused by the Earth's rotation which deflects air moving between two places
sea breeze	Local thermal circulation pattern found at the interface between land and water
pressure relief station	Equipment installed for the purpose of preventing the pressure on a pipeline or distribution system to which it is connected from exceeding the maximum allowable operating pressure by venting gas to the atmosphere whenever the pressure exceeds this valve.
cng	Compressed natural gas
dilution ratio	the critical low flow of the receiving water at the point of recycled water discharge divided by the flow of the discharge. Is used in the biomonitoring test to simulate in-stream conditions that organisms will be exposed to during critical low-flow times.
vadose	Indicating the area below the earth surface but above the water table
sunspot	a temporary disturbed area in the solar photosphere that appears dark because it is cooler than the surrounding areas
point bar	A low arcuate ridge of sand and gravel developed on the inside of a stream meander by accumulation of sediment as the stream channel migrates toward the outer bank.
figure 11	LOW TIDE: See LOW WATER
devonshire tea	scones split in half, spread with strawberry jam and topped with whipped cream.
roughneck	A low-ranking member of the drilling crew
crest of dam	The elevation of the uppermost surface of a dam excluding any parapet walls, railings, etc.
quad	An energy quantity of one quadrillion Btu, which is approximately the energy equivalent contained in one trillion cubic feet of natural gas.
isodop	A contour of constant Doppler velocity values.
igneous rock	Rocks which are derived from molten magma in the Earth's crust
cardie	cardigan; a button-through sweater.
permeable	A material such as rock or soil that can absorb water or allow waters to pass through cracks and joints
bathymetric chart	A map delineating the form of the bottom of a body of water, usually be means of depth contours ( isobaths ).
senate	the upper House of the Parliament of Australia
wave hindcasting	HINTERLAND: The region lying inland from the COAST.
gibbous moon	Moon phase when more than half (but not all) of the side facing Earth is illuminated.
franchise gas	Natural gas provided by a utility to a governmental body, in a particular municipality, in exchange for franchise rights in that municipality.
outback	the remote and usually semi-arid interior of Australia
significant wave height	The average height (trough to crest distance) of the one-third highest waves
adsorb	To gather gas on a surface.
spur line	A sequence of lateral ridges projecting from a series of hills or a mountain range.
global ocean model	Another global model used by NCEP is the Global Ocean Model
pulsar	a spinning neutron star (burnt-out star) that emits energy along its gravitational axis
escherichia coli	a common bacterium found in fecal matter; member of the coliform group
pedogenesis	Process of soil formation.
geostrophic wind	The horizontal wind for which the Coriolis acceleration (caused by the Earth's rotation) exactly balances the horizontal pressure force
tidal zone	Area along the coastline that is influence by the rise and fall of tides.
regional spatial strategy	Regional Spatial Strategy documents set the framework for local transport plans, biodiversity plans and other strategies within different regions
barchan dune	Crescent shaped sand dune that has its long axis transverse to the wind and its crescent tips pointed downwind.
tide tables	Tables which give daily predictions, usually a year in advance, of the times and heights of the tide
river system	All of the streams and channels draining a river basin.
hardwood bottomland	hardwood forested lowlands adjacent to some rivers, especially valuable for wildlife breeding, nesting, and habitat.
cfpd	Cubic Feet Per Day
erosional landform	Is a landform formed from the removal of weathered and eroded surface materials by wind, water, glaciers, and gravity
hawaiian high	See Pacific High.
meltwater	Water produced from the melting of snow and/or glacial ice.
index	A general term for a measure; also applied to the mechanism, composed of gears, dials, and dial face, that indicates the quantity of gas passing through a meter.
rainshadow effect	Reduction of precipitation commonly found on the leeward side of a mountain
altimeter	An instrument that indicates the altitude of an object above a fixed level
muggy	Colloquially descriptive of warm and especially humid weather.
rppv	See Resultant Peak Particle Velocity.
liquefaction of gases	Any process in which gas is converted from the gaseous to the liquid phase.
new moon	A phase of the Moon in which none of the sides facing Earth is illuminated by the Sun.
delta	An alluvial deposit, often in the shape of the Greek letter "delta", which is formed where a stream drops its debris load on entering a body of quieter water.
non-point source	An area from which pollutants are exported in a manner not compatible with practical means of pollutant removal (e.g
thematic classification	Classification techniques used to define mapped areas based on a classification scheme relevant to a theme or application (e.g., erosion severeity, land cover or land suitability.
poorly drained soils	Soils that have 50% or more grey mottles within 15 cm of the base of the A horizon or within 30 cm of the soil surface, OR soils that lack a topsoil and have 50% or more grey mottles between 10–30 cm depth from the soil surface.
epicenter	The point on the Earth's surface directly above the (subterranean) point of origin (hypocenter) of an earthquake; only two measurements, latitude and longitude, are needed to locate it.
low	A region of low pressure, marked as "L" on a weather map
general system supply	Gas that is purchased by a pipeline or distribution company for the purpose of resale
proper and adequate	As in "proper and adequate" depreciation rate
sea water encroachment	The lateral landward movement of sea water into wells and freshwater aquifers.
earth revolution	Refers to the orbit of the Earth around the Sun
mudflow	a flow of fine-grained, water saturated sediment in a stream channel
brackish	Environment that is influenced by seawater with a salinity less than 35 parts per thousand (usually caused by the presence of an inflow of fresh water).
closing	When the real estate transaction between buyer and seller is completed
flash	gaudy; ostentatious; flamboyant; showy: e.g., That's a flash car he's driving now.
marketable title	A title that is free of objectionable liens, easements, clouds, or other title defects
sand	Sediment composed of particles with a diameter between 1/16 mm and 2 mm.
nonpoint source pollution	pollution which comes from diffuse sources such as urban and agricultural runoff
tracer log	A survey that uses a radioactive tracer such as a gas, liquid, or solid having a high gamma ray emission
separate sewer	a sewer system that carries only sanitary sewage, not stormwater runoff
aquifer yield	The maximum rate of withdrawal that can be sustained by an aquifer without causing an unacceptable decline in the water level of the aquifer
direct-fired	A heating unit in which the combustion products are mixed with the air or liquid being heated
pollutant	A substance that has a harmful effect on the health, survival, or activities of humans or other living organisms.
solute	any substance derived from the atmosphere, vegetation, soil, or rock that is dissolved in water.
soil	sediment on or near the Earth's surface that is formed by the chemical and physical weathering of rocks as well as the decay of living matter
detachment	One of three distinct processes involved in erosion
snow	A type of solid precipitation that forms in clouds with an air temperature below freezing
gic	See GAS INVENTORY CHARGE.
flocculation	a step in water filtration in which alum is added to cause particles to clump together
value of service pricing	A method of apportioning costs among utility customers so that users who place a greater value on the service are charged higher rates than the more price sensitive customers.
cascade cycle	A liquefaction process in which a series of refrigerants are used to obtain successively lower temperatures.
gas in place	The total volume of gas originally in the reservoir
sea-floor spreading	A hypothesis that oceanic lithosphere forms at mid-ocean ridges and spreads laterally away from these ridges
bark painting	an Aboriginal art form, executed on bark with a stick dipped in natural earthen pigments, which is highly stylised according to the tribal origin of the artist
hygroscopic coefficient	Maximum limit of hygroscopic water around the surface of a soil particle.
casing stick up	The distance the well casing extends above the ground surface
regolith	A powdery soil layer on the Moon's surface caused by bombardment by meteoroids.
diploid	Cell that contains two sets of chromosomes
velocity	The speed of movement of an object in one direction.
landed cost	The total cost of oil off-loaded at a port, including duties, fees and taxes.
severe icing	The rate of ice accumulation on an aircraft is such that de-icing/anti-icing equipment fails to reduce or control the hazard
hydrostatic head	The height of a column of liquid
cetane number	Number equal to the percentage by volume of cetane added to basic diesel fuel to achieve specific ignition performance characteristics.
sediment trapping efficiency	the ratio of sediment retained within the reservoir to the sediment inflow to the reservoir.
r horizon	Soil horizon found beneath the C horizon
cryology	The science of the physical aspects of snow, ice, hail, and sleet and other forms of water produced by temperatures below Zero degrees Celsius.
marginal cost pricing	A system of pricing designed to ignore all costs except those associated with producing the next increment of power generation
absolute zero	the temperature at which the motion of all atoms and molecules stops and no heat is given off
alluvial soils	Recent soils derived from alluvium, and showing developing marks of soil forming processes, but with distinct topsoil.
diffusion	a process where chemicals or heat move in response to differences in chemical concentration or temperature gradient
manuka/kanuka [lcdb2 classification]	Manuka (Leptospermum scoparium) or kanuka (Kunzea ericoides) indigenous shrubland found throughout New Zealand often associated with lightly grazed hillcountry.
packer	A flexible rubber sleeve that is part of a special section of pipe
unconsolidated formations	naturally occurring earth formations that have not been lithified
base conditions	The ANSI Z132 has established 60oF and 14.73 psia as the base temperature and pressure to which all volumes are commonly referred.
mid-latitude areas	Areas between 30° and 60° north and south of the Equator.
routing parameters	coefficients that, along with mathematical routing equations, can be used to estimate the attenuation and lag (time delay) associated with the movement of flow through a length of stream channel.
case law	principles of law established by judicial decisions rather than by legislation.
stratus clouds	Low altitude gray colored cloud composed of water droplets
alternate fuel capability	The ability to use an alternate fuel whether or not the facilities for such use have actually been installed.
springs	See spring tide.
gasoil	An intermediate distillate product used for diesel fuel, heating fuel and sometimes as feedstock
easterly wave	A wavelike disturbance in the tropical easterly winds that usually moves from east to west
filtration plant	place where water is cleaned and made safe to drink
bedrock	General term for the solid rock at or near the surface that underlies soil or other unconsolidated materials.
tight hole	well about which the operator keeps all information secret.
lava	Molten, fluid rock that is extruded onto the surface of the Earth through a volcano or fissure
quickwater	the part of a stream that has a strong current; an artificial current or bubbling patch of water just astern of a moving boat.
morning glory	An elongated cloud band, visually similar to a roll cloud, usually appearing in the morning hours, when the atmosphere is relatively stable
design day	A 24-hour period of demand used as a basis for planning gas capacity requirements.
transmission loss	The power lost in transmission between one point and another
lifting condensation level	It is the height at which a parcel of air becomes saturated when lifted dry-adiabatically.
continental shield	See shield.
flowing well	A oil or gas well capable of producing oil or gas by its own energy without the aid of a mechanical pump. Normally a pump is put on the well after the pressure reduction inhibits the rate of production.
multiple use	Use of bodies of water for more than one purpose, such as recreational purposes, fishing, and water supply.
import	Water piped or channeled into an area.
gas controller	A person or persons assigned the task of monitoring and controlling daily gas system operations and ensuring safety of a pipeline or distribution system.
direct flood damage	The damage done to property, structures, goods, etc., by a flood as measured by the cost of replacement and repairs.
cirrostratus	They are thin, whitish cloud layers appearing like a sheet or veil
surge	A large, destructive ocean wave caused by very low atmospheric pressure and strong winds
system	A fundamental geologic time-rock unit of worldwide significance; the strata of a system are those deposited during a period of geologic time (for example, rocks formed during the Pennsylvanian Period are included in the Pennsylvanian System).
elevated convection	A thunderstorm which occurs above a frontal inversion on the cold side of the surface cold front
watershed	A stream's watershed is the area of land over which water running along the ground surface (called runoff or surface runoff) will eventually flow into the stream
dedicated to interstate commerce	Gas reserves under contract to an interstate pipeline company and hence subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission and wellhead price controls under the NGA of 1938
open pressure	The pressure on a gas well that has been open long enough for the pressure to stabilize.
non-aquifer	A rock formation that does not form an aquifer: see aquiclude.
herfindahl-hirschman index	A measure of market concentration
potential rooting depth	The depth of soil that a plant can exploit water from
nuclear fuel	Fissionable materials that have been enriched to such a composition that, when placed in a nuclear reactor, will support a self-sustaining fission chain reaction, producing heat in a controlled manner for process use
integrated resource planning	A utility planning method whereby alternative resource mixes, including demand-side and supply-side options, are evaluated in order to determine which resource plan minimizes the overall cost of service, subject to reliability and various other constraints.
cambrian explosion	Great diversification of multicellular life forms in the Earth's oceans that started during the Cambrian about 570 million years ago.
pore ice	A form of periglacial ground ice that is found in the spaces that exist between particles of soil.
lagrange point	french mathematician and astronomer Joseph Louis Lagrange showed that three bodies can lie at the apexes of an equilateral triangle which rotates in its plane
least-cost planning	See INTEGRATED RESOURCE PLANNING.
effective hydraulic diameter	The area in which water from the aquifer can move freely into a well
proxy hub	Natural gas and power hub locations where there is little or no forward trading activity
stormwater discharge	precipitation that does not infiltrate into the ground or evaporate due to impervious land surfaces but instead flows onto adjacent land or water areas and is routed into drain/sewer systems.
nature reserve	An area of land that is protected because of the importance of wildlife, plants or features of geological interest
vanadium	Metal present in some fuels
open-hole logging	Logging operations in an uncased well bore
soil profile	A vertical section of a soil showing all its horizons to 100 cm depth.
mixing ratio	The ratio between the weight (mass) of water vapor (or some other gas) held in the atmosphere compared to the weight of the dry air in a given volume of air
underflow	The lateral motion of water through the upper layers until it enters a stream channel
earthquake	A sudden shaking or trembling of the Earth that is volcanic or tectonic in origin.
calcium carbonate	Compound consisting of calcium and carbonate
fault	A fracture or zone of fractures along which there has been displacement of the sides relative to one another, parallel to the fracture.
mohorovičić discontinuity	The boundary between crust and mantle, marked by a rapid increase in seismic wave velocity to more than 8 kilometers per second
stagnation	lack of motion in water that holds pollutants in place.
divide	Boundary between one drainage basin and another.
pugging vulnerability	The risk of the topsoil becoming deformed by heavy animals when the soil is wet.
dry punch	Slang for a surge of drier air; normally a synoptic-scale or mesoscale process
specific capacity	A measure of pumping rate per unit drawdown
fertile material	Material which can be converted into fissile material by the capture of a neutron
self-regulation	The ability of some systems to maintain a steady state equilibrium through positive and negative feedbacks.
pat malone	(rhyming slang) alone: e.g., He always drinks on his Pat Malone because he's too stingy to shout a round.
commercial paper	Short-term promissory notes issued and sold by utilities and other companies usually through dealers in such paper.
low tide	LOW WATER LINE: The line where the established LOW WATER DATUM intersects the SHORE
gleying	Absence of oxygen in soil leading to strong reducing conditions that create grey coloured profiles
evapotrans- piration	Water returned to the atmosphere by evaporation from land and water, and by transpiration of living plants.
bottom land	The normal flood plain of a stream, subject to flooding.
ppv	See Peak Particle Velocity.
msek	Million Swedish Kronor
natural gas	A naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gases beneath the earth's surface – often in association with petroleum.
rating	Limits placed on operating conditions of a machine, apparatus, or device based on its design characteristics.
mixed tide	Tides that have a higher high water and lower high water as well as higher low water and lower low water per tidal period.
static equilibrium	Static equilibrium occurs where force and reaction are balanced and the properties of the system remain unchanged over time.
nuclear reactor	A device in which a fission chain reaction can be initiated, maintained and controlled
diamantina river	part of an extensive, braided river system within the region of south-west Australia known as Channel Country
specific gravity	The ratio of the mass of a body to the mass of an identical volume of water at a specific temperature.
exit region	The region downstream from a wind speed maximum in a jet stream (jet max), in which air is moving away from the region of maximum winds, and therefore is decelerating
stilling well	A tube in which a float travels up and down according to the vertical movement of sea level.
aboriginal land tribunal	established under the Aboriginal Land Act 1991 (Qld) to hear and make recommendations on claims by Aboriginal people to land that has been made available for claim.
optimization	A technique used by technical analysts to decide on which measures work best in their specific markets
sub-basin	in general, a portion of a river basin.
thermal high	Area of high pressure in the atmosphere caused by the area having warmer temperatures relative to the air around it.
trade ally	In DSM, an organization (architect, building contractor, etc.) that influences energy decisions of customers who are potential DSM program participants.
contour map	A map that has lines marked to indicate points or areas that are the same elevation above or below sea level
street ell	An L-shaped pipe fitting with external threads on one end and internal threads on the other end
barcoo sickness	illness marked by attacks of vomiting.
national response center	The 24-hour a day federal operations center receives notifications of all releases of oil and hazardous substances into the environment
entitlement	Working interest owner's share of production
modified mercalli intensity scale	An earthquake intensity scale adopted in 1931 that divides the effects of an earthquake into twelve categories, from I (not felt by people) to XII (damage total)
grab sample	a sample taken at a given place and time
operating expenses	The costs of operating a well.
delay rental	Cash payments to the mineral rights owner (lessor) by the working interest owner (lessee), for the privilege of postponing the commencement of drilling operations on the leased property.
ground fog	Fog produced over the land by the cooling of the lower atmosphere as it comes in contact with the ground
solar nebula	the disk of dust and gas of which the Solar System was believed to have formed about 5 billion years ago.
impermeable	Pertaining to a rock that is incapable of transmitting fluids because of low permeability
natural gas	Hydrocarbons that exist as a gas or vapor at ordinary pressures and temperatures
capacity rights	Refers to the level of firm transportation service to which a customer has a contractual right.
carburizing	A heat-treating process in which carbon is introduced into a solid iron-base alloy by heating above the transformation temperature range while in contact with a carbonaceous material which may be a solid, liquid, or gas
cas	casualty ward of a hospital.
marsh [wetland classification]	Mainly mineral wetlands with moderate to good drainage, fed by groundwater or surface water of slow to moderate flow, and characterised by moderate to great fluctuations of water table
herschel	Sir William Herschel (1738-1822)
erosion	The process by which material (such as rock or soil) is worn away or removed (as by wind or water).
floodplain	land area adjacent to a river or stream that can be covered by water when a river or stream overflows its banks
cold core low	A low pressure area which is colder at its center than at its periphery
crown land	Land and land covered by water owned by the Province.
laugh like a drain	laugh copiously; guffaw.
tubing	See PIPING.
waterlogging	Periods of anaerobic conditions in the soil after heavy rain or flooding, which can have marked effects on plant growth and yield
achievable potential	In DSM, an estimate of energy savings based on the assumption that all energy-efficient options will be adopted to the extent that they are cost-effective and possible through utility DSM programs
normal	The long-term average value of a meteorological element for a certain area
compressor	A mechanical device for increasing the pressure of a gas.
rnr	Tanker abbreviation for rate not reported.
dry weather flow	Streamflow which results from precipitation that infiltrates into the soil and eventually moves through the soil to the stream channel
blowing snow	Wind-driven snow that significantly reduces surface visibility to less than 7 miles.
steam tracing	A graphic recording of steam pressure and temperature done instrumentally.
methemoglobinemia	a condition that limits the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells
exy	expensive: e.g., hubby's drinking habits are becoming exy.
glasspaper	sandpaper.
imported water	Water brought into the county from outside its boundaries (e.g
dillon bush	the salt-tolerant plant of all mainland States but not the Northern Territory, Nitraria billardierei, a rigid spreading shrub bearing edible fruits.
potable water	Water fit for human consumption.
pear drop	a small sweet with the shape of a pear.
ionization	the process by which ions are produced, typically occurring by collisions with atoms or electrons ("collisional ionization"), or by interaction with electromagnetic radiation ("photoionization").
sendout curve	Sendout plotted as a function of temperature.
casual work	part-time work; employment can be either temporary casual or permanent casual.
executive	(the...) the executive branch of government, which is responsible for the administration of government business
part per billion	a measure of concentration of a dissolved material in terms of a mass ratio (micrograms per kilogram, mg/kg)
cas number	A unique identifier for chemical substances
service life	The time between the date plant is includible in plant in service, or plant leased to others, and the date of its retirement
hit the deck	1
endeavour river	on Captain James Cook's first Voyage of Discovery in June 1770, he sailed the north Queensland coast aboard the Endeavour
endless belt	1
major shelerbelts [lcdb2 classification]	Major Shelterbelts are visible as linear features in the source imagery
cheimaphobia	The fear of cold
give heaps	1
vadose zone	The zone between land surface and the water table within which the moisture content is less than saturation (except in the capillary fringe) and pressure is less than atmospheric
groundwater recharge	Any of the approved methods that are designed to detain or slow surface water runoff so that percolation is enhanced.
knuckles	Slang for lumpy protrusions on the edges, and sometimes the underside, of a thunderstorm anvil
water quality criteria	include general narrative statements that describe good water quality and specific numerical concentration limits that are known to protect aquatic life and human health
köppen climate classification	System that uses monthly precipitation and temperature data and total annual precipitation data to classify a location's climate into one of five main categories: Tropical Moist Climates; Dry Climates; Moist Mid-latitude Climates with Mild Winters; Moist Mid-Latitude Climates with Cold Winters; and Polar Climates
land pooling	A legal process that allows exploration and production companies to compel unwilling land and mineral rights holders to lease or sell their land and/or mineral rights for exploration, drilling, or pipeline installation if enough of their neighbors have already agreed
absorption	the process by which chemicals in gaseous, liquid or solid phases are incorporated into and included within another gas, liquid, or solid chemical
drill ahead	To continue drilling operations.
soil salinity	Soils where the electrical conductivity of a saturated soil extract is greater than 0.8 mS cm-1.
penal servitude	(hist.) imprisonment with compulsory labour.
.406288	Total for 2011
ecosystems	and the safety and potential environmental impacts of CO2 storage
broken	An official sky cover classification for aviation weather observations, descriptive of a sky cover of 5/8 to 7/8
water vapor plume	This appear in the water vapor satellite imagery
orographic precipitation	rainfall that occurs as a result of warm, humid air being forced to rise by topographic features such as mountains
strike-slip fault	A fault along which the slip motion is parallel to the strike of the fault.
glendonites and drop stones	the rocks that have been found on the ancient seabed of the Eromanga Sea provide important clues as to how cold the sea was
intermediate load	The range from base load to a point between base load and peak
soft water	any water that does not contain a significant amount of dissolved minerals such as salts of calcium or magnesium.
soil series	A soil series is a profile class concept, described by a modal profile with a defined range of values for certain properties, e.g
geology	The study of the planet Earth that is concerned with its origin, composition, and form; its evolution and history; and the processes that acted (and act) upon it to control its historic and present forms.
desiccated coconut	dried, grated or shredded coconut, used in cooking.
dampener	An air or inert gas device that minimizes pressure surges in the output line of a mud pump
amlrp	Abandoned Mine Lands Reclamation Program
paye	pay-as-you-earn, the federal income tax system, deducted from each paycheque.
absolute time	Geologic time expressed in years before the present.
plate tectonics	displacement mechanism of lithosphere fragments (oceanic crust and continental crust) under the action of mantle convection currents
cottie/scotty	1
p/c	Part-cargo.
royalty	The principal asset of the Trust; the 75% net overriding royalty interest conveyed to the Trust on November 3, 1980, by Southland Royalty Company, the predecessor to BROG, which was carved out of the Underlying Properties.
hardness	The comparative resistance of a mineral to scratching
surface runoff	That portion of the precipitation that makes its way towards stream channels, lakes, or oceans as surface flow
cape york rock-wallaby	Petrogale coenensis, a rock-wallaby species found on Cape York Peninsula, Far North Queensland.
arthropod	A jointed-legged invertebrate such as an insect or a crustacean.
double diffusive convection	Fluid motion that results from the release of potential energy from one of two or more factors that determine a fluid's density (for example, heat and salinity)
unit of purchase methodology	For purposes of the CURRENT ADJUSTMENT, a method for computing a pipeline's average projected purchased gas costs derived by dividing the pipeline's total projected purchased gas costs the pipeline anticipates purchasing during the PGA effective period by the quantities of gas used to compute its total projected purchased gas costs, as detailed in Section 154.305 of the Regulations.
cd	Abbreviation for CONTRACT DEMAND.
impaired water body	a water body that has been determined under state and federal law as not meeting water quality standards, or having the potential to do so in the future.
diversion channel	A channel constructed around the slope or a designed gradient, to intercept and divert water away from highly erodible sites (particularly effective for gully control).
jet	A hydraulic device operated by pump pressure for the purpose of cleaning fluid out of the pits and tanks on a rotary drilling location.
barnard's parrakeet	(see: mallee ringneck).
wildcatter	One who drills wells in the hope of finding gas or oil in territory not known to be a gas or oil field.
plate	A rigid segment of the Earth's lithosphere that moves horizontally and adjoins other plates along zones of seismic activity
flood	a temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from the overflow of inland or tidal waters or from the unusual and rapid accumulation of runoff, an overflow or inundation that comes from a river or other body of water.
eastern north pacific basin	The region north of the Equator east of 140°W
pawpaw	papaya.
hydraulic gradient	The slope of the ground water level or water table.
conductor	Any substance or object which carries electricity.
kame terrace	a terrace of stratified sand and and gravel deposited by streams between a glacier and an adjacent valley wall.
nominal pipe size	Designates a method of identifying the size of steel pipe without compromising the actual diameter data
bloom	a proliferation of algae and/or higher aquatic plants in a body of water; often related to pollution or excessive nutrients, especially when they accelerate growth.
opportunity cost	A method to determine the cost of common equity component of return using the cost of capital of other investments of similar risk.
flowing artesian well	a special case of an artesian well where a water well drilled into a confined aquifer has enough hydraulic pressure for the water to rise to a height above ground surface and to flow at the surface without pumping.
hydrologic cycle	The circulation of water from the land and bodies of water to the atmosphere and back again.
casual worker	an employee who is called into work when required by the employer and is only paid for the time spent in performing work
anodic protection	(1) A technique to reduce corrosion of a metal surface under some conditions by passing sufficient anodic current to it to cause the electrode potential of the surface to enter and remain in the passive region
carpet shark	(see: wobbegong).
incentive program	A DSM program in which an incentive is offered to encourage participation and adoption of the recommended measure.
autumnal equinox	the point on the celestial sphere where the sun crosses the celestial equator from north to south
wellhead protection	Protection of the recharge (or capture zone) area of a pumping well.
current ellipse	A graphic representation of a rotary current in which the velocity of the current at different hours of the tidal cycle is represented by radius vectors and vectorial angles
thermal pollution	an increase in air or water temperature that disturbs the climate or ecology of an area.
leat	A manmade watercourse or aqueduct that diverts water from a river to where it is needed, for example to supply a watermill.
laminar flow	A flow regime in which particle paths are straight or gently curved and parallel.
sedimentary basin	A region of considerable extent (at least 10,000 km2) that is the site of accumulation of a large thickness of sediments.
cotectic	Line curve or surface on a phase diagram depicting crystal-melt equilibria along which two crytals co-precipitate.
stray current	Electrical current (normally DC) from either natural or man-caused source, which could result in corrosion if not drained properly or compensated for by other means.
deferred debits	Accounts carried on the asset side of the balance sheet in which are recorded items being amortized as charges against income over a period time (such as Unamortized Debt Discount and Expense) and items held in suspense pending final transfer or disposition (such as Extraordinary Property Losses, Clearing Accounts (Net Debit), etc.).
japan current	Same as Kuroshio current.
percolation	the movement of water through the subsurface soil layers, usually continuing downward to the groundwater or water table reservoirs.
leg room	freedom to do as one desires.
breakout	The act of unscrewing one section of pipe from another section.
cirrostratus clouds	High altitude sheet like clouds composed of ice crystals
channel	Like it sounds, a channel in which prices are moving
turbidimeter	a device that measures the cloudiness of suspended solids in a liquid; a measure of the quantity of suspended solids.
downlands	Downlands are extensive areas of gently to strongly rolling land often with a deep mantle of windblown loess
brine	Highly salty water, commonly with more than 10,000 milligrams per liter of chloride
division order	A contract for the sale of oil or gas, by the holder of a revenue interest in a well or property, to the purchaser (often a pipeline transmission company).
percolation	the movement of water through saturated soil layers, often continuing downward to groundwater.
temperate grassland	(see: natural temperate grassland).
26.1800	22.8900
cation	a positively charged ion
isomer	A compound with the same chemical composition and molecular weight as another compound, but with a different molecular structure
striations	Grooves or channels in cloud formations, arranged parallel to the flow of air and therefore depicting the airflow relative to the parent cloud
diurnal	Having a period or cycle of approximately 1 tidal day
drawdown	The lowering of the surface elevation of a body of water, the water surface of a well, the water table, or the piezometric surface adjacent to the well, resulting from the withdrawl of water therefrom.
hydrothermal	of or pertaining to heated water, to its actions or to products related to its actions
water saturation	The percentage of the porosity of the reservoir rock containing water at reservoir conditions (reservoir fluid pressure and reservoir fluid temperature conditions)
wellhead	The surface termination of a wellbore that incorporates facilities for installing casing hangers during the well construction phase
kboe	Thousand barrels of oil equivalent
purge cycle	As applied to electric pilot igniters, the period from the time of automatic closure of the main gas supply by the safety shutoff device to the time the electrical circuit is re-energized.
upper mantle	Layer of the Earth's interior extending from the base of the crust to 670 kilometers below the surface
concentric rings	These are common in the most intense hurricanes
der	Delivered East of the Rockies
off-peak service	Service made available on special schedules or contracts but only for a specified part of the year during the off-peak season
peaking capacity	Capacity of generating equipment normally reserved for operation during the hours of highest daily, weekly, or seasonal loads.
relative strength index	This has become one of the most widely used and popular of technical indicators
give a leg up	to give support or assistance.
unstable air	An atmospheric state warm air below cold air
third for a quarter	Sometimes also known as a “quarter for a third”
organelle	Is a specialized structure found in cells that carry out distinct cellular functions.
pathogen	microorganisms which can cause disease.
bag hole	A hole cut into a main in preparation for a bag-off.
disused	no longer in use.
corona	A circular to elongate feature which is surrounded by multiple concentric ridges
pump station	mechanical device installed in sewer or water system or other liquidcarrying pipelines to move the liquids to a higher level.
self-help program	A program promulgated by the FPC during the interstate natural gas shortage of the 1970s whereby industrial users could purchase natural gas directly from producers and utilize the natural gas pipelines as contract carriers to transport the gas
over-the-counter	This is a customized derivatives contract typically transacted through an intermediary such as bank or trading wing of an energy company rather than on a formal, more centralized stock exchange
cohesion	the ability of a substance to stick to itself and pull itself together
background radiation	The natural ionizing radiation of man's environment, including cosmic rays from outer space, naturally radioactive elements in the ground and naturally radioactive elements in the human body.
lustre	the reflective quality of light on the freshly broken surface of a mineral
balancing agreement	A contractual agreement between two or more legal entities to account for differences between chart measured quantities and the total confirmed nominated quantities at a point
red bed	Red sedimentary units of Permian age in south-central Kansas
member	A division of a formation, generally of distinct lithologic character and of only local extent.
undercut bank	Steep bank found on the inside of stream meanders
eb	The UN Clean Development Mechanism's Executive Board.
rooting barrier	The type of barrier that limits root extension, e.g
meridian	an imaginary circle drawn through the North and South poles of the celestial equator.
hectare	One hectare equals 2.47 acres
seasonal method	An allocation method which allocates demand and/or commodity costs to customer classes by seasonal usage.
31	557,587
irradiated fuel	Nuclear fuel which has been loaded into a reactor and has undergone a sustained chain reaction.
tsunami	An ocean wave produced by a sub-marine earthquake, landslide, or volcanic eruption
sublimation	Process where ice changes into water vapor without first becoming liquid
outer core	Outer region of the Earth's core
desert oak	Allocasuarina decaisneana, a tree found in the dry, desert region of Central Australia
xeriscape	landscaping that doesn't require a lot of water
bubble high	A mesoscale area of high pressure, typically associated with cooler air from the rainy downdraft area of a thunderstorm or a complex of thunderstorms
alpine soil	Mountain soil occurring above the timberline.
adams	John Couch Adams (1819-1892) English astronomer
mos	An acronym for Model Output Statistics.
present net value	The present value of the dollars (income, or stream of income) to be received at some specified time in the future, discounted back to the present at a specified interest rate.
long-run marginal costs	All costs associated with the lowest cost incremental unit including variable production costs and capital costs.
cone of depression	Cone shaped depression occurring horizontally across a water table
tritium	A radioactive isotope of hydrogen containing one proton and two neutrons in the nucleus
it's a goer	1
liter	A liter is 1,000th of a cubic meter
wind	Air moving horizontally and/or vertically.
assets	Items of value owned by or owed to a business
by-pass	An auxiliary piping arrangement, generally to carry gas around specific equipment or an integral section of a piping system
wellhead	The equipment at the surface of a well used to control the pressure; the point at which the hydrocarbons and water exit the ground
retrograde	the rotation or orbital motion of an object in a clockwise direction when viewed from the north pole of the ecliptic; moving in the opposite sense from the great majority of solar system bodies.
gaining stream	A stream that receives water from the zone of saturation.
duct	A passageway made of sheet metal or other suitable material, not necessarily leak-tight, used for conveying air or other gas at low pressures.
anticline	A fold or fold system in the form of an arch
stream bed	Bottom of the stream channel.
flutterby	butterfly.
heat transfer	Flow of heat by radiation, convection, or conduction
battery	Two or more tanks connected together to receive oil production on a lease; tank battery.
water supplier	A person who owns or operates a public water system.
scrum	1
hydrological cycle	The continuous circulation of moisture and water on earth
conductor	Large diameter pipe/casing inserted into the initial drilling hole to stabilise the hole, and to which the BOP stack is attached.
structure	the general disposition (attitude, arrangement, or position) of the rock masses of a region or area
estate agent	a person whose business is the sale or lease of buildings or land on behalf of others; a real estate agent.
depreciation allowance	Income tax deduction allowed for the exhaustion of a natural resource.
scungy	messy; dirty; untidy; unpleasant.
milligrams per litre	A unit of measure expressing the concentration of a substance in a solution
quarrying	Surface mineral extraction.
chloroplast	Organelle in a cell that contains chlorophyll and produces organic energy through photosynthesis.
lost revenues	Revenues not collected by a utility due to the loss of sales as a direct result of DSM programs.
spring tide	A tide higher than normal which occurs around the time of the new and full moon.
supplemental gas	Any SNG, propane-air mixtures, refinery gas, biomass gas, air injected to reduce heat content, or manufactured gas that is mixed and distributed with natural gas.
pumping interference	The condition occurring when a pumping well lowers the water level in a neighbouring well.
convectional lifting	The vertical lifting of parcels of air through convective heating of the atmosphere
elastic deformation	Change in the shape of a material as the result of the force of compression or expansion
megawatt-hour	One million watt-hours of electricity
hydraulic gradient	The change in hydraulic head (pressure) per unit distance in a given direction (dimensionless)
transit	The passage of the moon over the local meridian; it is designated as upper transit when it crosses the observers meridian and as lower transit when it crosses the same meridian but 180 degrees from the observer's location
combustible limits	See EXPLOSIVE LIMITS.
channel	a natural or artificial watercourse that continuously or intermittently contains water, with definite bed and banks that confine all but overbanking streamflows.
tariff	A gas company schedule detailing the terms, conditions and rate information applicable to various types of natural gas service
gypsum	A soft mineral composed of calcium sulfate with water (CaSO4H2O)
open house	When the seller's real estate agent opens the seller's house to the public
sealed bid	A method of sale utilized where confidential bids are submitted to be opened at a predetermined place and time
glaciation	The formation, advance and retreat of glaciers and the results of these activities.
thorium	An element with atomic number 90
aquitard	geological formation that may contain groundwater but is not capable of transmitting significant quantities of it under normal hydraulic gradients
cape peron	(see: Point Peron).
return	Generally, interest on debt and the profit the company is allowed over and above the recovery of its operating expenses, depreciation and taxes.
outwash	Glaciofluvial sediments deposited by meltwater streams at the edge of a glacier.
brine	saline water naturally occurring in porous sedimentary rock formations; fluid resulting from the dissolution of salt formations with fresh water for the purposes of salt solution mining.
mesopause	Thin boundary layer found between the mesosphere and the thermosphere
diversity factor	The ratio of the sum of the non-coincident maximum demands of two or more loads to their coincident maximum demands for the same period
maximum transportation rate	The maximum rate that an open-access transporter may charge for its services
latje latje	an Aboriginal tribe of the Murray-Darling Basin, for perhaps over 70,000 years
royalty	A percentage interest in the value of production from a lease that is retained and paid to the mineral rights owner.
permeability	The capacity of a rock to transmit a fluid such as water or petroleum.
spud	The commencement of drilling operations.
dip south	spend money; reach into one's pockets: e.g., I've had to dip south in a big way this week—all my bills seem to have come at once.
voids	SEE void volume.
hydrogen bonding	The cohesive force caused by the polar nature of water, in which the oxygen atom in one water molecule is attracted to the hydrogen atom of another water molecule. This bonding causes water to have many of its unique properties.
gasoline	A volatile, inflammable, liquid hydrocarbon mixture.
cape range	forms the spine of the peninsula that stretches up towards North West Cape in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia
desiccant	Any absorbent or adsorbent, liquid or solid, that will remove water or water vapor from a material
light	A humanly visible form of electromagnetic radiation
key-seat	A crevice or groove in the formation wall of the well bore or a split in casing in which a survey cable can become wedged
skimming	using a machine to remove oil or scum from the surface of the water.
shadow	(of politics) denoting members of a political party in opposition who are holding responsibilities parallel to those of the government (e.g., shadow treasurer, shadow minister, shadow cabinet).
spud	To start drilling the well
stability	The capability of a system to tolerate or recover from disturbance or an environmental stress.
dipso	dipsomaniac: an alcoholic.
groundwater	The water in underground rock strata that supplies wells and springs.
quitclaim deed	A deed which relinquishes any interest in a particular property which the grantor may have
line rider	An employee who inspects a pipeline right-of-way for leaks or potential hazards
relative permeability	The ratio between the effective permeability to a given fluid at a partial saturation and the permeability at 100% saturation
ozone	Molecule made up of three atoms of oxygen (O3)
surface irrigation	application of water by means other than spraying such that contact between the edible portion of any food crop and the irrigation water is prevented.
great diurnal range	The difference in height between mean higher high water and mean lower low water
pennsylvanian	A period of the Paleozoic era (after the Mississippian and before the Permian), thought to have covered the span of time between 323 and 290 million years ago; also, the corresponding system of rocks
river basin	the area drained by a river and its tributaries.
well spacing	The distance between wells producing from the same reservoir
brown snow	Snow intermixed with dust particles
pan handle hook	Low pressure systems that originate in the panhandle region of Texas and Oklahoma which initially move east and then "hook" or recurve more northeast toward the upper Midwest or Great Lakes region
reverse osmosis	a water treatment process used to remove dissolved inorganic chemicals and suspended particulate matter from a water supply
migration	the movement of oil, gas, contaminants, water, or other liquids through porous and permeable rock.
cloud seeding	An experimental process used to weaken hurricanes or make rain in dry areas.
gating	The use of electric circuits in radar to eliminate or discard the target signals from all targets falling outside certain desired range limits.
enso	(see: El Niño-Southern Oscillation.)
anticipated convection	The Day 1, Day 2, and Day 3 Convective outlooks issued by the Storm Prediction Center in Norman, Oklahoma.
proteus	In Greek mythology, the son of Poseidon
flare echo	This image will once in awhile appear on the WSR-88D reflectivity product
herk	to vomit.
tech grd	Technical grade (also known as anti-freeze grade) monoethylene glycol.
emulsion	A stable mixture of two immiscible fluids in which one phase is dispersed in droplets or globules in a continuous phase of the other
english/british monarchy	the oldest institution of government in the United Kingdom, dating back over ten centuries
clearing fee	A fee charged by a clearing house for clearing trades
wet-bulb temperature	The lowest temperature that can be obtained by evaporating water into air.
give an earful	1
hazmat	Hazardous materials
superconductivity	The flow of electric current without resistance in certain metals and alloys at temperatures near absolute zero
cuesta	A hill with a steep slope on one side and a gentle slope on the other
scraper trap	A fitting in either end of a pipeline with a shut-off valve and a door to insert or remove a pipeline scraper which is pushed through the pipeline to clean it and increase flow efficiency.
mass wasting	a general term for the downslope movement of rock material solely under the influence of gravity; includes slow displacement such as creep and rapid displacements such as earth flows, rock slides, and avalanches.
gas research institute	An organization sponsored by a number of U.S
impact crater	The hole or depression formed by a meteorite colliding with a surface.
high tea	a main evening meal, usually consisting of a cooked dish, bread and butter, tea, etc.
knock up	1
lunitidal interval	The interval between the Moon's transit (upper or lower) over the local or Greenwich meridian and the following high or low water
fractionation	Process whereby saturated hydrocarbons from natural gas are separated into distinct parts of propane, butane, ethane, etc.
lock out	Generally, to seal and lock a gas meter and shut off the stop (valve) so that gas cannot be used
joule	Unit of energy used for measuring gas volumes.
deed	A written legal document by which the title to a property is transferred from one party to another.
ord river scheme	irrigates over 72,000ha of once unproductive land centred on the lakes Argyle and Kununurra
c6	Hexane
stored gas	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
cleavage	The tendency of certain metamorphic rocks to break along a set of closely-spaced parallel fractures
mutualism	Interspecific interaction where both species experience and increase in their fitness after interacting with the other species
datum	For marine applications, a base elevation used as a reference from which to reckon heights or depths
small circle	A circle on the globe's surface that does not bisect the center of the Earth
beaufort wind scale	Descriptive system that determines wind speed by noting the effect of the wind on the environment
asbestos	A toxic material that was once used to make insulation and fireproofing material in houses
deliverability	The volume that a particular well, storage field, pipeline or distribution system can supply during a 24-hour period.
bmps	structural or management practices which are implemented to reduce pollution (e.g., using a permeable material for parking lots to reduce urban runoff)
glamour girl/boy	an attractive young woman (or man), especially a model.
rebound effect	The incremental increase in demand that occurs when customers, by undertaking conservation actions, perceive a lower relative cost of energy, and therefore, purchase more in terms of comfort or
advection	The horizontal movement of an air mass that causes changes in the physical properties of the air such as temperature and moisture
cuspate foreland	Is a triangular accumulation of sand and/or gravel located along the coastline
turnkey	A drilling contract that calls for a drilling contractor to drill a well, for a fixed price, to a specified depth and to adequately equip it so that the operator need only turn a valve and oil will flow into the tanks or gas into the pipeline.
terminator	the line separating the illuminated and darkened areas of a nonluminous planetary body such as Earth or the Moon
stationary front	A front that barely moves with winds blowing in almost parallel, but in opposite directions on each side of the front
free electron	an electron that has broken free of it's atomic bond and is therefore not bound to an atom.
doldrums	Area of low atmospheric pressure and calm westerly winds located at the equator
waterflooding	The injection of water into an oil reservoir to "push" additional oil out of the reservoir rock and into the wellbores of producing wells.
meander scars	Crescent-shaped, swales and gentle ridges along a river's flood plain that mark the positions of abandoned part of a meandering river's channel
flame	lover, sweetheart.
handpump	A water pump powered by the movement of people's arms or legs.
moderate icing	The rate of ice accumulation on an aircraft is such that even short encounters becomes potentially hazardous and the use of de-icing/anti-icing equipment or a diversion is necessary.
ozone action day	A message issued by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) through the National Weather Service when ozone levels may reach dangerous levels the next day
bbl	Barrel, generally 42 U.S
aeration tank	a chamber used to inject air into water.
mortgage commitment	A written notice from the bank or other lending institution saying it will advance mortgage funds in a specified amount to enable a buyer to purchase a house.
pangea	The supercontinent that existed from 300 to 200 million years ago
in-lieu energy	Energy exchanged between a reservoir owner and the owner of a downstream project
regression line	This line defines the best relationship between variables.
lawrencite	A material that forms in meteorites as a product of weathering and decomposition
laughing	in an extremely satisfactory, fortunate or advantageous position: e.g
potential evapotranspiration	Is a measure of the ability of the atmosphere to remove water from the surface through the processes of evaporation and transpiration assuming no limitation on water supply.
snow water equivalent	The water content obtained from melting accumulated snow.
aphrodite	One of the twelve Greek Olympian gods
standard solution	any solution in which the concentration is known.
flash point	The lowest temperature at which the vapors arising from a liquid surface can be ignited by an open flame.
amd	Acid Mine Drainage
flow duration curve	A cumulative frequency curve that shows the percentage of time that specified discharges are equaled or exceeded.
primary treatment	mechanical treatment in which large solids are screened out and suspended solids in the sewage settle out as sludge
give a stuff	1
nutrient cycle	the cyclic conversions of nutrients from one form to another within biological communities
lease	- A contract by which the owner of the mineral rights to a property conveys to another party, the exclusive right to explore for and develop minerals on the property, during a specified period of time.
divvy	1
btu	British Thermal Unit - measurement unit for energy
perisher	1
20.7800	.465161
tectonics	The study of the movement of the earth's outer crust
silt	Material which consists of particles between 0.05 and 0.002 mm in diameter.
grid north	The direction north as measured on the Universal Transverse Mercator grid system.
independent power producer	Wholesale electric producer unaffiliated with the franchised utility in the area in which it is selling power.
gas saturation	The percentage of the reservoir rock porosity containing hydrcarbon gas at reservoir conditions
baseflow	that part of streamflow derived from groundwater flowing into a stream or river.
interconnection	Facilities that connect two electricity grid systems, gas pipelines or control areas.
meltwater	water that comes from the melting ice of a glacier or a snowbank.
magma	Naturally occurring liquid rock often containing volatile, such as water or carbon dioxide
continental drift	Theory that suggests that the Earth's crust is composed of several continental plates that have the ability to move
sconce	the head.
calcification	A dry environment soil-forming process that results in the accumulation of calcium carbonate in surface soil layers.
hodograph	A polar coordinate graph which shows the vertical wind profile of the lowest 7000 meters of the atmosphere
surface trace	The intersection of a fault plane with the surface of the Earth
cement	A material that helps the binding of rock, mineral and / or fossil fragments together by precipitation of minerals from water in the pores of the sediment to form a harder sedimentary rock.
double ebb	An ebb tidal current where, after ebb begins, the speed increases to a maximum called first ebb; it then 'decreases, reaching a minimum ebb near the middle of the ebb period (and at some places it may actually run in a flood direction for a short period); it then again ebbs to a maximum speed called second ebb after which it decreases to slack water.
mw	The seismic moment of an earthquake, converted to a magnitude scale that roughly parallels the original Richter magnitude scale
speleology	The science of the cave environment
artesian aquifer	a geologic formation in which water is under sufficient hydrostatic pressure to rise above the top of the aquifer in the subsurface
dissolve	to enter into a solution
lilapsophobia	The fear of tornadoes and hurricanes.
assay	A test for a specific chemical, microbe, or effect.
water surface elevation	the elevation of a water surface above or below an established reference level, such as sea level.
fourth quarter	25.2000
private placement offering	A securities offering not intended for the general public
general partner	In a limited partnership, the general partner is responsible for managing the partnership's activities (and is commonly the party that put the deal together).
section	A square tract of land which has area of one square mile (=640 acres)
leach	to remove components from the soil by the action of water trickling through
updraft	Current(s) of air with marked vertical upward motion
matric force	Force that holds soil water from 0.0002 to 0.06 millimeters from the surface of soil particles
nuée ardente	"A French term applied to a highly heated mass of gas-charged ash which is expelled with explosive force down the mountainide; a significant volcanic hazard."
give beans	scold, berate, criticise (someone).
flash flood statement	This product is issued after either a Flash Flood Watch or a Flash Flood Warning has been issued by a local National Weather Service Forecast Office
kumarl	Trichosurus vulpecula, the common brushtail possum.
usd	US Dollar
forecast models	Forecasters use numerical weather models to make their forecasts
easterly wave	Atmospheric disturbance in the tropical trade winds
barrel standard	Unit of measurement in the petroleum industry
gas in place	The total quantity of gas that is estimated to be contained in any given pool or reservoir and includes both the portion that can be recovered and the portion that will remain in the reservoir.
balch	Emily Balch (1867-1961) American economist, Nobel Laureate.
hoop stress	The tensile stress, usually in pounds per square inch (psi), acting on the pipe along the circumferential direction of the pipe wall when the pipe contains gas or liquid under pressure.
feedstock gas	Gas used as a raw material for chemical properties in creating an end product (like plastics or fertilizer).
density of snow	The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the volume which a given quantity of snow would occupy if it were reduced to water, to the volume of the snow
scrub up a treat	(of a person) look surprisingly good in fine clothes.
wash	Removal of impurities from a gas or vapor by passing the gas through water or other liquid which retains or dissolves the impurity.
adsorption	The process whereby small particles (e.g
confirmed nomination	An agreement by a seller to deliver/cause delivery or a transporter to receive and deliver a specific quantity of gas for a specified period at various points under a Sales or Transportation Agreement or for all contracts at one specific point
learmonth solar observatory	situated on the remote and rugged North West Cape of Western Australia, between the Indian Ocean and the Exmouth Gulf
hamada	A very flat desert area of exposed bedrock.
drilling	The act of boring into the earth.
inverted commas	apostrophes, i.e
interflow runoff	The parts of runoff, caused by precipitation and/or snowmelt, that enters the ground and moves in upper levels of the soil mantle above the water table, heading towards the streams.
aborigines act 1897	abolished the Aborigines Protection Board, and removed the requirement to spend 1% of gross revenue on benefiting Aborigines
ice storm warning	This product is issued by the National Weather Service when freezing rain produces a significant and possibly damaging accumulation of ice
perchloroethylene	a chlorinated solvent commonly used in dry cleaning
total dissolved solids	The total quantity of minerals (salts) in water, usually measured by weight in milligrams per liter (mg/L) or parts per million (ppm).
virga	Precipitation that evaporates before it reaches the ground
flare stack	Steel structure on an offshore installation or at a processing facility from which gas is flared.
ceiling price	The maximum lawful price which may be charged for regulated gas.
paleosol	A fossil soil or soil horizon.
throw	In heating or air conditioning, the distance air will carry, measured along the axis of an air stream, from the supply opening to the position in the stream at which air motion reduces to 50 feet per minute.
gour	Small rimstone found on stalagmites and flowstones often measuring less than 1 inch in diameter.
european model	One of medium-range (3 to 7 days) forecast models that forecasters use to write their extended forecasts
epa	US Environmental Protection Agency
climatic year	a period used in meteorological measurements
kip down	sleep; to take a nap.
banded iron ore	A sediment consisting of layer of chert alternating with bands of ferric iron oxides (hematite and limonite) in valuable concentrations.
base period	Recently available 12 consecutive months of actual experience
higher high water	(abbreviated HHW)
truth-in-lending act	Federal law which requires disclosure of a truth in lending statement for consumer loans
lease	A legal document conveying the right to drill for oil and gas, or the tract of land on which a lease has been obtained where the producing wells and production equipment are located.
crp	The Probability that a given rainfall will cause a river, or stream to rise above flood stage.
mesohabitat	basic structural elements of a river or stream such as pools, backwaters, runs, glides, and riffles.
refiner	- A person or company that has any part in the control or management of any operation by which the physical or chemical characteristics of petroleum or petroleum products are changed.
sleet	precipitation which is a mixture of rain and ice.
gidyea	(see: gidgee tree).
public involvement	The process by which the views of all parties interested in a proposed government decision are integrated into the decision-making process
fracture stimulation	Wells are stimulated by injecting liquid under high pressure, fracturing the coal adjacent to the well bore. Propping agents (sand) are used to prop the fractures open, allowing water and gas to flow.
iningai	Aboriginal tribe of the Lake Eyre region of Queensland.
water well	An excavation where the intended use is for the location, acquisition, development, or artificial recharge of groundwater (excluding sandpoint wells).
koka ai-ebadu	alternate spelling of Ajabatha.
load shape effects	The estimated changes in energy usage at specific times during the year that are caused by a DSM or other measure.
kilometer	abbreviated km
diversity	A characteristic of the variety of gas loads whereby individual maximum demands usually occur at different times
polar front	A semipermanent, semicontinuous front that separates tropical air masses from polar air masses.
oil	Oil is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons of different molecular weights.
water supply outlook	A seasonal volume forecast, generally for a period centered around the time of spring snowmelt (e.g., April-July)
kip	1
peclet number	the relationship between properties of the mesh, fluid velocity, and eddy viscosity for a hydraulic computer model.
bearing	A system that measures in reference to the cardinal points of a compass in 90 degree quadrants.
broker participation	An arrangement whereby 3rd-party brokers register potential bidders for properties being sold at auction for a commission
traction	Erosional movement of particles by rolling, sliding and shuffling along the eroded surface
associated liquids	Condensates (liquid hydrocarbons without free water) produced in conjunction with the production of gas to be transported or liquefiable hydrocarbons contained in such gas, but not including oil.
mantle	Layer of the Earth's interior composed of mostly solid rock that extends from the base of crust to a depth of about 2,900 kilometers.
specific heat	Is the heat capacity of a unit mass of a substance or heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram (g) of a substance 1 degree Celsius.
hydrogeology	Study of ground water in its geological context.
combo heater	A single gas appliance that provides both space heating and domestic hot water
atterberg limits	See - liquid limit - plastic limit
transpiration	the physiological process by which water vapor escapes from a living plant, principally through the leaves, and enters the atmosphere.
big crunch	Collapse of the Universe into its original form before the Big Bang
secondary penal colony	(hist.) a penal colony for 'hardened' convicts (secondary offenders since arriving in the colony of New South Wales).
crust	The outermost layer of the lithosphere.
metamorphic	Rocks that have recrystallized in a solid state as a result of changes in temperature, pressure and chemical environment.
remote sensing	The gathering of information from an object or surface without direct contact.
reuse	The use of unwanted materials in another application without significant additional processing
index contour	Contour line that is accentuated in thickness and is often labeled with the appropriate measure of elevation
cutoff	Parameter cut-off
field survey	As referred to in land inventory mapping, this is the field observation, measurement and recording of the physical factors of the landscape in symbol form on a suitable base map.
perched groundwater	Local saturated zones above the water table which exist above an impervious layer of limited extent.
endangered species	A species found in nature that has so few surviving individuals that the it could soon become extinct in all or most of its natural range
caulie	cauliflower.
ice fog	A fog that is composed of small suspended ice crystals
deformation radius	See Rossby deformation radius.
pallasite	A class of meteorites characterized by a mixture of large olivine crystals in a matrix of nickel iron.
permian period	The interval of geologic time from approximately 290 to 248.2 million years ago
sediment rating curve	Numerical expression or graphical curve that describes the quantitative relationship between stream discharge and the sediment transported by a particular stream.
pitted topography	Landscape characterized by numerous kettle holes on a glacial outwash plain.
foreshock	Any earthquake which is followed, within a short time span, by a larger earthquake in the exact same location can be labelled a "foreshock"
estate	all the property belonging to a person
serve	a severe rebuke, reprimand, scolding: e.g., He got a real serve from Mum for what he did.
send her down hughie	make it rain.
water table	The point in a well or opening in the Earth where groundwater begins
nebula	a cloud of dust and gas in space, usually illuminated by one or more stars
aquitard	A part of a geologic formation (or one or more geologic formations) that is of much lower permeability than an aquifer and will not transmit water at a rate sufficient to feed a spring or for economic extraction by a well.
newton	A unit of force that creates an acceleration on a mass of 1 kilogram equal to 1 meter per second with no friction and under the conditions of a vacuum.
synoptic track	Weather reconnaissance mission flown to provide vital meteorological information in data sparse ocean areas as a supplement to existing surface, radar, and satellite data
large-scale	See synoptic-scale.
type of tide	A classification based on characteristic forms of a tide curve
sand	Mineral particle with a size between 0.06 and 2.0 millimeters in diameter
photosphere	The visible surface of the Sun; the upper surface of a convecting layer of gases in the outer portion of the sun whose temperature causes it to radiate light at visible wavelengths; sunspots and faculae are observed in the photosphere.
preservative	a chemical added to a water sample to keep it stable and prevent compounds in it from changing to other forms or to prevent microorganism densities from changing prior to analysis.
aquifer test	A test involving the withdrawal of a measured quantity of water from a well and the measurement of the changes in the water level in a well or wells both during and after the withdrawal
nitrogen	An odorless, colorless, generally inert gas
ethylene	A colorless hydrocarbon gas of slight odor having a gross heating value of 1,604 Btu per cubic foot and a specific gravity of 0.9740
cuspate	Shaped like a cusp; a sharp projection of material.
cave	A cavity in the earth large enough for a human to enter
freeboard	the vertical distance between the lowest point along the top of a surface impoundment dike, berm, levee, treatment works or other similar feature and the surface of the liquid contained therein.
slack water	The state of a tidal current when its speed is near zero, especially the moment when a reversing current changes direction and its speed is zero
smoke	A suspension in the air of small particles produced by combustion
rt	Rotary table
cenozoic era	One of the four large divisions of geologic time, it includes two geologic period, from about 65 million years ago to the present.
resistivity	A remote sensing method capable of identifying solid sub-surface archaeological features by measuring the differences in their electrical resistance and that of the surrounding soils.
barambah	(see: Cherbourg).
bay	A body of sheltered water found in a crescent shaped coastal configuration of land.
screaming heebies/irrits/meemies/willies	anything that causes intense irritation, annoyance, frustration.
steam turbine	A type of motive equipment powered by steam used to drive mechanical apparatus
holden	Australian make of car.
drilling permit	In those states that regulate well spacing, the authorization from the regulatory agency to drill a well.
fly a kite	1
windward	Upwind side or side directly influenced to the direction that the wind blows from
observation well	A non-producing well used to monitor pool pressure, usually included in annual pressure testing surveys.
tenure	Tenure is a time-limited ownership of the subsurface petroleum and natural gas (PNG) rights, and confers the right to apply to access, explore and develop oil and gas according to applicable statutory requirements.
wellhead	The wellhead includes the forged or cast steel fitting on top of a well (welded or bolted to the top of the surface casing), as well as casingheads, tubingheads, Christmas tree, stuffing box and pressure gauges.
casing collar locator	Used to locate casing collars and other features of downhole hardware (e.g., packers, etc.) which often serve as reference depths in subsequent completion operations.
sea level pressure	The pressure value obtained by the theoretical reduction or increase of barometric pressure to sea-level.
isothermal atmosphere	An atmosphere in hydrostatic equilibrium in which the temperature is constant with altitude and in which, the pressure decreases exponentially upward.
trophic level	Level of organization in the grazing food chain.
mosasaur	An extinct marine reptile that lived in the Cretaceous seas
biosolids	an organic material resulting from the treatment of wastewater, often applied to the land as an amendment
kilowatt	A unit of electricity equal to one thousand watts.
dilution of interest	See Fractionalization.
coastal defences	Physical objects and engineering techniques used to protect the coastline from erosion or flooding.
rapid deepening	A decrease in the minimum sea-level pressure of a tropical cyclone of 1.75 mb/hr or 42 mb for 24 hours.
unitization	A term used in connection with Continuing Property Record Unit
pulsed neutron log	A term with broad application
lash out	1
boom cat	A tractor equipped with a boom used in laying pipe.
gravel	All sedimentary particles larger than two millimeters is called gravel
aquifer	any stratum or zone below the surface of the earth capable of producing water from a well.
adhesive	A substance capable of holding materials together by surface attachment.
pooling point	A common market point, generally located at the terminus of a pipeline's production area
karst window	A sinkhole by which an underground stream can be observed and studied.
interactive effects	The effects that a change in one end-use's consumption in a given structure has on another end-use's consumption in that structure.
prediction	Forecast or extrapolation of the future state of a system from current or past states.
infiltration	Movement of water from the ground surface into the soil.
call option	An option that gives the buyer (holder) the right but not the obligation to buy a specified quantity of an underlying futures at a fixed price, on or before a specified date
cirque	A large size amphitheatre shaped hollow which has been excavated by ice action in mountainous regions.
carried interest	A fractional working interest in an oil and gas lease that comes about through an arrangement between co-owners of a working interest.
combustible constituents	The components of a fuel that will burn
baffles	Plates, louvers, or screens placed in the path of fluid flow to cause change in the direction of flow; these are used to promote mixing of gases or to eliminate undesirable solid or liquid particles in the fluid stream
ripple	Stream bed deposit found streams
rope stage	The dissipating stage of a tornado, characterized by thinning and shrinking of the condensation funnel into a rope (or rope funnel)
supercooled water	Cooling of water below 0° Celsius without freezing
pampas	See prairie.
refraction	Changes in the direction of energy propagation as a result of density changes within the propagating medium
landman	A self-employed individual or company employee who secures oil and gas leases, checks legal titles, and attempts to cure title defects so that drilling can begin.
strength	The stress required to break, rupture or cause a failure.
minor shelterbelts [lcdb2 classification]	Minor Shelterbelts are visible as linear features in the source imagery
cloudburst	a torrential downpour of rain, which by it spottiness and relatively high intensity suggests the bursting and discharge of water from a cloud all at once.
hyetograph	A graphical representation of rainfall intensity with respect to time.
completion	To finish a well so that it is ready to produce oil or gas
pas	The British Standards Organisation's Publicly Available Specification.
stress	The resultant force that resists change in the size or shape of a body acted on by external or internal forces
deed	- A written document by which the title to a property is transferred from one party (the grantor) to another (the grantee).
valence	A whole number (positive or negative) representing the power of one element to combine with another
condensation	The process by which a gas or vapor changes into a liquid.
recharge	The addition of water to the groundwater through the infiltration of precipitation through the unsaturated zone into the aquifer.
glossy nightshade	Solanum americanum occurs from Geraldton to Albany, chiefly in wet areas
world health organization	A part of the United Nations
dewatering	The process of removing water from a coal seam in the vicinity of a producing gas well
core sample	A solid column of rock, usually from 2 - 4 inches in diameter, taken from the bottom of a well bore as a sample of an underground formation
clean oil	Crude oil containing less than 1 percent sediment and water; “pipeline oil”, oil clean enough to send through a pipeline.
salinity	saltiness
bear's cage	Slang for a region of storm-scale rotation, in a thunderstorm, which is wrapped in heavy precipitation
drainage wind	A wind common to mountainous regions that involves heavy cold air flowing along the ground from high to low elevations because of gravity
capital expenditure	An expenditure intended to benefit the future activities of a business, usually by adding to the assets of a business, or by improving an existing asset.
stratus	It is a low, uniform sheet-like cloud
boom	A temporary floating barrier used to contain an oil spill.
natural gas	A highly compressible, highly expansible mixture of hydrocarbons having a low specific gravity and occurring naturally in a gaseous form.
crater	A bowl-shaped depression on a planet or moon created from above by the impact of an extraterrestrial body or from below by a volcanic eruption.
gina-gina	(in Aboriginal English) a kind of dress worn by Aboriginal women.
utc	Coordinated Universal Time
grantor trust	A trust (or portion thereof) with respect to which the grantor or an assignee of the grantor, rather than the trust, is treated as the owner of the trust properties and is taxed directly on the trust income for Federal income tax purposes under Sections 671 through 679 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
hydraulic grade line	A line whose plotted ordinate position represents the sum of pressure head plus elevation head for the various positions along a given fluid flow path, such as along a pipeline or a ground water streamline.
coastal flooding	Flooding that occurs from storms where water is driven onto land from an adjacent body of water
probe	A spacecraft, with no humans aboard, designed to study conditions on or near a planet.
over the fence	unreasonable; vulgar; lewd; not socially acceptable.
permian	The last period of the Paleozoic era (after the Pennsylvanian), thought to have covered the span of time between 290 and 248 million years ago; also, the corresponding system of rocks
oil scrubbing	The removal of certain impurities from manufactured or natural gas by passing the gas through an oil spray or bubbling the gas through an oil bath.
phase shift	The angular difference of two periodic functions.
minimum commodity bill	Provisions in a rate schedule (jurisdictional) or contract (nonjurisdictional) requiring customers to purchase minimum annual volumes of gas or, under certain circumstances, pay the fixed cost portion of the commodity rate on any volumes which fall below the minimum volume level
saturated zone	A subsurface zone in which all rock openings are filled with water.
housing expense ratio	The percentage of your gross monthly income that goes toward paying for your housing expenses.
catbird	a rainforest bird that earns its common name from its wailing, cat-like call
progressive derecho	They are characterized by a short curved squall line oriented nearly perpendicular to the mean wind direction with a bulge in the general direction of the mean flow
gleization	A soil formation process that occurs in poorly drained environments
evapotranspiration	A collective term for water that moves into the atmosphere from evaporation from land or water and from transpiration from plants.
interstices	the void or empty portion of rock or soil occupied by air or water.
umbriel	In Alexander Pope's poem "The Rape of the Lock", a "dusky, melancholy sprite".
service hydrologist	The designated expert of the hydrology program at a local weather forecast office.
sheetwash	The removal of loose surface materials by overland flow
hedging	Any method of minimizing the risk of price change
recovery factor	The ratio of recoverable oil and/or gas reserves to the estimated oil and/or gas in place in the reservoir.
piezometer	An instrument for measuring pressure or compressibility.
vsb	An acronym for visible satellite imagery.
lentic system	a nonflowing or standing body of fresh water, such as a lake or pond
hsfo	High sulfur fuel oil
monstatic radar	A radar that uses a common antenna for both transmitting and receiving.
receiving terminal	Coastal plant that accepts deliveries of liquefied natural gas and processes it back into gaseous form for injection into the pipeline system
gnamma hole	a rock hole produced by water-weathering, usually in granite and especially one capable of holding water (Beringbooding Rock is a prime example)
gleysol soil	Soil order (type) of the Canadian System of Soil Classification
point bar	Stream bar deposit that is normally located on the inside of a channel bend.
kelvin scale	Scale for measuring temperature
steam generation plant	A thermal electricity generating plant which creates steam to drive a turbine.
paleoceanography	The study of oceans in the geologic past, including its physical, chemical, biologic, and geologic aspects.
tcf	Trillion Cubic Feet
flood plain	The flat or almost-flat land adjacent to river that stretches from the channel banks to the base of the enclosing valley walls
pastoral property	a stock-raising establishment.
composite reflectivity	This WSR-88D radar product displays the maximum reflectivity for each resolution grid box for all elevation angles in a volume scan
production sharing contract	A contract in which one or more companies involved in the development of oil and natural gas acts as a contractor and undertakes operations for exploration and development on behalf of the governments of oil-producing countries or national oil companies
notch width	The 3 dB band width of a rejection filter.
outgassing	The release of juvenile gases to the atmosphere and oceans by volcanism.
natural gas liquids	The portions of gas from a reservoir that are liquefied at the surface in separators, field facilities, or gas processing plants
plenum chamber	Gas or air chamber connected with one or more distributing ducts usually located on a space heater.
unstable equilibrium	In an unstable equilibrium the system returns to a new equilibrium after disturbance.
temperature	The degree of "hotness" or "coldness" as measured on a definite scale.
eukaryote	Organisms whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and many specialized structures located within their cell boundary
transpiration	Water discharged into the atmosphere from plant surfaces.
dual-fuel capability	Ability of an energy-using facility to alternately use more than one kind of fuel.
channelling	The tendency of the wind to follow the axis of a channel or be steered by sloping land, resulting in a change in its direction.
commercial well	A well which is capable of producing enough oil and, or gas to pay for itself and give a profit to its owners.
water softener salt	Salt suitable for regenerating residential and commercial cation exchange water softeners
dynamics	Generally, any forces that produce motion or affect change
full-forced outage	The net capability of main generating units that is unavailable for load for emergency reasons.
celsius	A temperature scale in which 0° is the freezing point of water and 100° is the boiling point.
column	A secondary deposit of calcite or other minerals that extends from ceiling to floor, usually created by the joining of a stalactite and a stalagmite.
booster	A compressor used to raise pressure in a gas or oil pipeline.
en echelon	An adjective describing geologic features that are in an overlapping or staggered arrangement
watershed	area that drains or contributes water to a particular point, stream, river, lake or ocean
downdraft	Downward movement of air in the atmosphere.
give the pip	annoy, harass, anger, irritate (someone).
floodplain	Relatively smooth land adjacent to a river or stream channel; built of alluvium deposited by that river or stream, which, in the absence of flood protection works, may still be subjected to flooding.
clearwater flooding	A form of groundwater flooding caused by the water table in an unconfined aquifer rising above the land surface in response to extreme rainfall.
attenuation	When a form of energy is propagated through a medium, its amplitude is decreased
lithification	Process by which sediments are consolidated into sedimentary rock.
adaptation	Change in an organism resulting from the action of natural selection on variation so that the organism is fitted more perfectly for existence in its environment.
ecological niche	Is all of the physical, chemical and biological conditions required by a species for survival, growth and reproduction
usgs	United States Geological Survey
foot up	add up a column of figures.
annual inequality	Seasonal variation in the water level or current, more or less periodic, due chiefly to meteorological causes
langi ghiran state park	rugged granite peaks and gentle sloping woodlands are the dominant features of this park
marginal land	land which, in its natural state, is not well suited for a particular purpose, such as raising crops
estuary [lcdb2 classification]	Areas of standing or flowing open water without emerging vegetation, where occasionally or periodically saline waters are diluted by freshwater or freshwater is made saline.
giotto	Giotto di Bondone (1267?-1337) Italian medieval painter, architect, and sculptor.
variation margin	Profits and losses on open positions which are calculated daily by the mark-to-market process, which are then paid or collected daily.
noctilucent clouds	Wavy, thin, bluish-white clouds that are best seen at twilight in polar latitudes
tephra	General term for all sizes of particles ejected into the air during volcanic eruption
confining bed or unit	a body of impermeable or distinctly less permeable material stratigraphically adjacent to one or more aquifers.
flow duration curve	a measure of the range and variability of a stream's flow
zulu time	See Greenwich Mean Time
bardi	research into the resource use strategies of the Bardi Aboriginal people of One Arm Point, Western Australia, found that they maximize the consumption of specific beneficial marine FA
withdrawal	The process of taking water from a source and conveying it to a place for a particular type of use.
sima layer	The part of the crust that forms the ocean basins and lower layers in the crust and is composed of relatively heavy, basaltic rocks.
high	Low
extratropical	A term used in advisories and tropical summaries to indicate that a tropical cyclone has lost its "tropical" characteristics
flow through concept	In ventures structured as partnerships (or S corporations), certain items of tax significance (profit, loss, etc.) are passed on to the partners (or S corporation shareholders) in the venture
asset depreciation range	See DEPRECIATION.
oil and gas leases	A contract between an oil operator and a landowner which gives the operator the right to drill for oil and gas on his property for a consideration
load profile	Pattern of a customer's gas usage, hour to hour, day to day, or month to month.
underdrain	a concealed drain with openings through which the water enters when the water table reaches the level of the drain.
polybutylene	A plastic or resin prepared by the polymerization of butylene as essentially the sole monomer.
microorganism	an organism of microscopic size, such as bacterium
chlorination	the treatment of a substance, such as drinking water, with chlorine in order to kill disease-causing organisms
pump	A device that increases the pressure on a fluid or raises it to a higher level.
p&c	Private and confidential
diddler	a cheat or swindler.
eis	See environmental impact study.
servant of the crown	(hist.) a convict.
laugh at the lawn	to vomit.
land council	any of the four Aboriginal Land Councils of the Northern Territory.
orchard butterfly	Papilio aegeus, the butterfly acquired its name from being commonly seen in citrus orchards and in suburban areas on lemon or lime trees, usually north of Sydney
continental plate	A rigid, independent segment of the lithosphere composed of mainly granite that floats on the viscous plastic asthenosphere and moves over the surface of the Earth
canaries current	The southern branch of the North Atlantic current (which divides on the eastern side of the ocean); it moves south past Spain and North Africa to join the north equatorial current .
carpark	traffic jam.
subduction	A plate tectonics term for the process through which an oceanic lithosphere collides with and descends beneath the earth's continental lithosphere.
line pack	Natural gas occupying all pressurized sections of the pipeline network
gill bird	(see: wattle bird).
giant short-faced kangaroo	(see: Prodoctodon).
u-bend	An extreme form of meander where a river's course bends around 180 degrees resembling a U-shape
pycnocline	A vertical density gradient (as determined by the vertical temperature and salinity gradients and equation of state) in some layer of a body of water, which is appreciably greater than the gradients above and below it; also a layer in which such a gradient occurs
native base gas	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
thermal circulation	Atmospheric circulation caused by the heating and cooling of air.
public utilities commission	A governing body that regulates the rates and services of a public utility.
22.8900	.349890
higher high water	The higher of the two high waters of any tidal day.
short-period comet	A comet with an orbital period of less than 200 years, the most famous example being Halley's comet, which appears every 76 years
natural gas	See GAS, NATURAL.
nonmajor natural gas company	Any gas company having gas sales or volume transactions exceeding 200,000 Mcf at standard conditions in the previous calendar year and is not classified as a MAJOR NATURAL GAS PIPELINE.
cfd	See Contract for Differences.
spiral galaxy	a galaxy that contains a prominent central bulge and luminous arms of gas , dust, and young stars that wind out from the central nucleus in a spiral formation
net plant	In accounting, Utility Plant less Accumulated Provision for Depreciation (including Depletion) and Amortization.
point-of-entry treatment	the treatment of all water entering a house, farmstead or other facility
turbidity	a cloudy condition in water due to suspended silt or organic matter.
lode claim	A claim based on the presumption that the valuable mineral is a part of a bed-rock lode, vein, stockwork, stratum, or intrusion and is not dominantly a physical redistribution of values by surficial processes (the latter constitutes a placer deposit).
second sight	the faculty for seeing into the future; clairvoyance.
radar reflectivity	The sum of all backscattering cross-sections (e.g., precipitation particles) in a pulse resolution volume divided by that volume
volatile	Capable of becoming vapor at relatively low temperatures.
io	In Greek mythology, a young woman seduced by Zeus, who then transformed her into a heifer to protect her from his jealous wife.
mmboe	One million barrels of oil equivalent
lsfo	Low sulfur fuel oil, usually 1% sulfur or less.
contact	A plane or surface between two different types, or ages, or rock
diurnal tides	Only a single high and low water each day.
shear instability	See Kelvin-Helmholtz instability.
reef	- A buildup of limestone formed by skeletal remains of marine organisms
dds	Data Distribution System.
canopy	the overhanging cover formed by branches and foliage.
lp gas--air mixtures	Liquefied petroleum gases distributed at relatively low pressures and normal atmospheric temperatures which have been diluted with air to produce desired heating value and utilization characteristics.
catchment control scheme	A scheme combining river and erosion control works and an improved pattern of land use in a catchment where erosion and flooding have created community problems which have required a co-ordinated effort to resolve.
motion rates	Rates placed into effect subject to refund at the end of the five month suspension period by the motion of the company
return on common equity	Net income (or profit) before extraordinary items, less preferred dividends, divided by average common shareholders' equity
forest ribbon gum	Eucalyptus nobilis, a tall tree to 50m, it is widespread and abundant, growing in grassy woodland or forest on fertile, loamy soils
polar front	Weather front located typically in the mid-latitudes that separates arctic and polar air masses from tropical air masses
short term sale	Any short term purchase covering a period of two years or less
water of hydration	Water which has been chemically combined with a substance to form a hydrate and which can then be removed (as by heating) without essentially changing the chemical composition of the substance.
ground-water basin	Geologically and hydrologically defined area that contains one or more aquifers that store and transmit water and will yield significant quantities of water to wells.
lasseter's cave	Lewis Harold Bell Lasseter was a gold prospector, stranded without provisions when his camels bolted in 1931
vertical wind shear	The rate of change of wind speed or direction, with a given change in height
butane-air plant	A gasification plant where liquid butane is vaporized and mixed with air and delivered into a gas distribution system for the use of consumers.
potentiometric surface	Imaginary surface representing the static head of ground water and defined by the level to which water will rise in a well
meteorite	A stony or metallic object from interplanetary space that impacts a planetary surface.
emergency response plan	ERPs are pre-planned responses to incidents to ensure protection of public health, safety, property and the environment and quick and effective responses.
longitude	Longitude is a west-east measurement of position on the Earth
simex	The Singapore Monetary Exchange.
barrier fence	No 1 Rabbit Proof Fence, also known as State Barrier Fence, stretches 1822km from Starvation Harbour in the south to Wallal near Port Hedland in the north
troposphere	Layer in the atmosphere found from the surface to a height of between 8 to 16 kilometers of altitude (average height 11 kilometers)
ridge ice	Ice piled haphazardly one piece over another in the form of ridges or walls.
erosion	the processes (including soil erosion) of picking up sediments, moving sediments, shaping sediments, and depositing sediments by various agents; erosional agents include streams, glaciers, wind and gravity
fjord	A glacial valley or glacial trough found along the coast that is now filled with a mixture of fresh water and seawater.
potable	suitable, safe, or prepared for drinking
pump	a device which moves, compresses, or alters the pressure of a fluid, such as water or air, being conveyed through a natural or artificial channel.
headwaters	Upper portion of stream's drainage system.
wedge	Slang for a large tornado with a condensation funnel that is at least as wide (horizontally) at the ground as it is tall (vertically) from the ground to cloud base
eocene epoch	The interval of geologic time between approximately 58 and 37 million years ago.
secondary measure adoption	Any conservation or energy efficiency measures that a customer adopts outside of a DSM program as a direct result of that program.
hadley cell	Three-dimensional atmospheric circulation cell located at roughly 0 to 30° North and South of the equator
hydrologic service area	A geographical area assigned to Weather Forecast Office's that embraces one or more rivers.
reserves	amount of a particular resource in known locations that can be extracted at a profit with present technology and prices.
polygon	A series of points that are combined together topologically to create a two-dimensional enclosed space, equivalent to a map unit.
debt service	the repayment of borrowed money, plus interest
day-second feet	Often abbreviated as DSF
catastrophism	General theory that suggests that certain phenomena on the Earth are the result of catastrophic events
agreement and undertaking	A document which an independent gas producer may be allowed to file, at the discretion of the Commission, in lieu of a bond, agreeing to refund that portion of an increased rate which has been made effective subject to refund and is ultimately found not justified by the Commission.
neutralism	Interspecific interaction where the species do not directly influence each other fitness.
base velocity	This WSR-88D radar product depicts a full 360° sweep of radial velocity data
sub-synoptic low	Essentially the same as mesolow.
static water level	the water level in a well drilled in an unconfined aquifer when the pump is not operating
feeder	A gas main or supply line that delivers gas from a city gate station or other source of supply to the distribution networks.
aquifer	An underground unit of saturated soil or rock that can transmit significant quantities of water to wells.
undertow	the current beneath the surface that sets seaward or along the beach when waves are breaking on the shore.
impermeable	Resistant to flow of or penetration by water or other liquids.
trough	An elongated area of low pressure in the atmosphere.
pollarding	A traditional method of woodland management whereby a tree's branches are cut off approximately 6 to 8 feet above the ground (see also coppicing)
grantor	That party in the deed who is the seller or giver.
volt	The unit of measurement of electromotive force
bergschrund	A deep crevasse commonly found at the head of an alpine glacier
physical landscape	A general term for the natural features including mountains, hills, valleys, rivers and cliffs.
eddy	A localized chaotic movement of air or liquid in a generally uniform larger flow.
king dick	a person who has an excessively high opinion of himself, who sees himself as far above ordinary people.
fuel cell	System in which hydrogen is chemically reacted with oxygen to produce electricity.
realized niche	Describes the part of the fundamental niche that a species actually occupies.
zone of saturation	the portion of the ground below the water table where all the pores in rock, sediment, and soil are filled with water
ngpa	See NATURAL ENERGY ACT of 1978.
s-wave	A seismic body wave which propagates by a shearing motion; particle vibrate in a direction perpendicular to that of the propagation of the wave
urbanization	Expansion of cities into rural regions because of population growth
initial dilution	the process that results in the rapid and irreversible turbulent mixing of effluent and receiving water around the point of discharge.
geosyncline	A downwarping of the Earth's crust, either elongate or basin-like, measured in scores of kilometers, in which sedimentary and volcanic rocks accumulate to thicknesses of thousands of meters
peak day method	An allocation method used to allocate demand costs to customer classes based on peak day.
rhumb line	A line of constant compass direction or bearing which crosses the meridians at the same angle
cap-and-trade	A market mechanism designed to reduce the cost of cutting pollution
baseflow	Streamflow derived mainly from ground water seepage into the stream.
periglacial	Areas at the edge of glaciers or ice sheets or at high altitude where climatic conditions are very cold
high-jump	drastic punishment; e.g., He's for the high-jump.
flow formulas	In the gas industry, formulas used to determine gas flow rates or pressure drops in pipelines, regulators, valves, meters, etc.
pegs	1
estate	Very large farms or groups of farms under the same ownership.
eye-service	admiring looks: e.g., He gave you a lot of eye-service.
order of the boot	dismissal; the sack.
head	the pressure of a fluid owing to its elevation, usually expressed in feet of head or in pounds per square inch, since a measure of fluid pressure is the height of a fluid column above a given or known point.
delta hedging	The process whereby the grantor of an option decides to buy or sell more or less of an underlying futures contract in order to protect against being declared upon by the options holder
escarpment	A steep slope or cliff.
ethno	(derog.) migrant or descendant of a migrant to Australia.
moist adiabats	They show how the air temperature would change inside a rising parcel of saturated air.
sir-c/x-sar	Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C and X- Band Synthetic Aperture Radar
bedrock	Bedrock geology (formerly known as 'Solid' geology by BGS) is a term used for the main mass of rocks forming the Earth and present everywhere, whether exposed at the surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water
eddy viscosity	a model parameter that reproduces the effects of turbulent mixing in fluid flow.
countercurrent	A current flowing adjacent to another current both in the opposite direction.
triassic period	The interval of geologic time between approximately 248.2 and 205.7 million years ago.
universe	All of the observable phenomena in the celestial cosmos.
spring tide	Tide that occurs every 14 to 15 days and coincides with the new and full moon
recreation report	This product is used to relay reports on conditions for resorts and recreational areas and/or events
regolith	the layer of rocky debris and dust made by metoritic impact that forms the uppermost surface of planets, satellites and asteroids.
subscription	The manner by which an investor participates in a limited partnership through investment.
hold good	to be true or valid; maintain credibility: e.g., His story just doesn't hold good as far as the jury is concerned.
precipitation	rain, sleet, snow, or hail that falls to the earth as the result of water vapor condensing in the atmosphere.
specific gravity	The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, both at specified physical conditions
network	An interconnected system of electrical transmission lines, transformers, switches and other equipment connected in such a way as to provide reliable transmission of electricity.
lower high water	The lower of the high waters of any specified day.
amlis	Abandoned Mine Lands Inventory System
water vapor	Water present in the atmosphere in gaseous form; the source of all forms of condensation and precipitation
fine earth fraction	Those particles in a mass of soil less than 2 mm in diameter, i.e., sand (particles between 0.06 and 2.0 mm), silt (particles between 0.002 and 0.06 mm), and clay (particles less than 0.002 mm) in diameter.
monomictic	lakes and reservoirs that are relatively deep, do not freeze over during winter, and undergo a single stratification and mixing cycle during the year (usually in the fall).
underflow	movement of water through subsurface material.
compressor stations	Locations along the interstate pipeline at which large (thousands of horsepower) natural gas-powered engines increase the pressure of the market natural gas stream flowing through the station by compression.
desalination	the process of salt removal from sea or brackish water.
land mullet	Australia's largest skink, Egernia major, is a shy and swift-moving lizard, usually seen basking in the sun.
juvenile water	Water formed chemically within the earth and brought to the surface in intrusive rock.
floaties	water wings (from a brand name).
magmatic water	Water that is dissolved in a magma or that is derived from such water.
climatic cycle	Changes in the environment brought about by the changes in the climate.
chromatic aberration	an optical lens defect causing color fringes, because the lens material brings different colors of light to focus at different points.
canadian shield	Very old igneous and metamorphic shield rock that covers much of northern Canada
conversion unit	A unit consisting of a burner together with associated thermostat and safety controls, which can be used to convert heating equipment from one fuel to another.
log and safety boom	A net-like device installed in a reservoir, upstream of the principal spillway, to prevent logs, debris and boaters from entering a water discharge facility or spillway.
eustatic change	Sea level changes that affect the whole Earth.
bank-caving	Collapse of stream bank material into a stream channel.
induction	Inference of a generalized conclusion from particular instances
tolerance model of succession	This model of succession suggests that the change in plant species dominance over time is caused by competition for resources
washer cooler	A washer in the form of a tall tower in which the washing liquid is sprayed in at top is collected in the bottom of the tower and then is cooled and recycled through the tower
depth to hard/soft rock	Shallow rock will make soils prone to drought when dry, and may cause the soils to be poorly drained, therefore leading to pugging when the soils are wet.
joint venture	A general partnership formed for a specific project.
surface based convection	Convection occurring within a surface-based layer, i.e., a layer in which the lowest portion is based at or very near the earth's surface
primary producer	Organisms that occupy the first trophic level in the grazing food chain
dye penetrant weld examination	A method for inspecting for surface defects of welds by using a dye and developer applied to the weld.
tropical weather outlook	This outlook normally covers the tropical and subtropical waters, discussing the weather conditions, emphasizing any disturbed and suspicious areas which may become favorable for tropical cyclone development within the next day to two.
mill	One tenth of a cent.
migration	Movement from one place to another.
seismograph	A seismograph is a device that records and measures seismic waves (vibrations in the Earth), like those from earthquakes.
catch as catch can	make do under the circumstances.
holistic	Concerned with a complete system.
postage stamp rate	A rate for electric transmission that does not vary according to distance from the source of the power supply
straight gas utility	Company which derives the major portion of its total operating revenue from gas operations
ard	Acid Rock Drainage
brackish water	Water that contains relatively low concentrations of any soluble salts
alkaline	the condition of water or soil that contains a sufficient amount of alkali substance to raise the pH above 7.0.
orographic precipitation	Is precipitation that forms when air is forced to rise because of the physical presence of elevated land
flaring and venting	Flaring is burning of hydrocarbon gases for commercial or technical reasons
isotropic	Having the same characteristics in all directions, as with isotropic antennas
pumping level	the level as measured from ground surface at which water stands in a well when pumping is in progress.
mesohigh	A relatively small area of high atmospheric pressure that forms beneath a thunderstorm
thermonuclear fusion	the combination of atomic nuclei at high temperatures to form more massive nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy
standard dimension ratio	The ratio of diameter to wall thickness of pipe
infiltration rate	the quantity of water that can enter the soil in a specified time interval.
consumption	The quantity of natural gas used by ultimate consumers.
diuris orchids	the genus Diuris consists of more than fifty described species native to Australia, with the exception of one species endemic to Timor
upland	An extensive region of relatively high land, usually distant from the coast.
turnaround	A refinery or petrochemical plant is said to be "in turnaround" when it is taken out of service of maintenance, usually planned.
silkworm	The larva of the Chinese silkworm moth which spins a cocoon
naturalized conditions	an estimate of natural conditions obtained by attempting to remove effects of human activities from a set of measured conditions.
no-notice delivery service	Delivery of natural gas on as-needed basis, without the need to precisely specify the delivery quantity in advance
reserves: probable	Reserves not yet "proven", but are estimated to have a better than 50% chance of being technically and economically producible.
on-site sewage treatment	any individual residential sewage treatment and wastewater dispersal system, such as a septic system.
tally	To measure andrecord the total length of pipe, casing, or tubing that is to be run in a well.
gravity wave	A wave disturbance in which buoyancy acts as the restoring force on parcels displaced from hydrostatic equilibrium
property protection	Measures that are undertaken usually by property owners in order to prevent, or reduce flood damage
solar day	Time required for the Earth to complete one rotation relative to the Sun.
metamorphic rocks	Rocks that have been altered by heat and pressure deep below the earth's surface.
water quality-based toxics control	an integrated strategy used in NPDES permitting to assess and control the discharge of toxic pollutants to surface waters
infield exchange agreement	Contract specifying the terms and conditions for the exchange of wellhead gas production between different companies usually within the same producing field.
knuckle in on	move in on, intrude in a bullying manner.
continental rise	Part of the continental margin; the ocean floor from the continental slope to the abyssal plain
pulse duration	The time in which a radar pulse lasts
westerlies	Dominant winds of the mid-latitudes
scruff	1
interior zones	The portions of a building which do not have significant amounts of exterior surfaces
feldspar	A group of rock-forming minerals that make up about 60% of the Earth's crust.
reverse osmosis	a water treatment method whereby water is forced through a semipermeable membrane which filters out impurities.
floater	1
cif	Cost, insurance and freight charges for shipping products
el ni隳	Name given to the occasional development of warm ocean surface waters along the coast of Ecuador and Peru
$27.9800	$22.5200
lease	A contract by which the owner of the mineral rights to a property conveys to another party the exclusive right to explore for and develop minerals on the property during a specified period of time.
climate diagnostics center	the CDC is part of the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
capital funds	Monies invested in a business for use in conducting the operations of the business.
skidding the rig	Moving a derrick from one location to another on skids and rollers.
didn't run the drum	the horse didn't perform as tipped.
ad	Air drill
nephophobia	The fear of clouds.
deionized water	water free of inorganic chemicals.
surface heat flux	Process where heat energy is transferred into land and ocean surfaces on the Earth
water-soluble substance	a substance that can readily disperse through the environment.
tornado alley	The area of the United States in which tornadoes are most frequent
bell hole	A hole dug to allow room for workmen to make a repair or connection in buried pipe, such as caulking bell-and-spigot pipe or welding steel pipe
afudc	See ALLOWANCE FOR FUNDS USED DURING CONSTRUCTION.
hydrometeorology	The interdisciplinary science involving the study and analysis of the interrelation between the atmospheric and land phases of water as it moves through the hydrologic cycle.
laccolith	A sill-like igneous intrusion that forces apart two strata and form a round, lens-shaped body many times wider than it is thick.
stripper	A pressure vessel in which the carbon dioxide and heavy hydrocarbons are stripped from the liquid methanol by passing a clean stream of methane up through the methanol.
fracture zone	An area which has a great number of fractures.
mercalli scale	A scale for rating the power of an earthquake.
isodrosotherm	A line on a chart connecting points of equal dewpoint.
silt	Mineral particle with a size between 0.004 and 0.06 millimeters in diameter
interstellar medium	the gas and dust that exists in open space between the stars.
key habitats	flow-sensitive habitats as well as habitats that support key species.
sand dune	A hill of sand created either by wind or water flow
lock	A device for raising and lowering boats between stretches of water of different levels on rivers and canals
special warranty deed	A deed in which the grantor warrants or guarantees the title only against defects arising during grantor's ownership of the property and not against title defects existing before the time of the grantor's ownership.
ice twitch	Downstream movement of a small section of an ice cover
metamorphism	Process that creates metamorphic rocks.
patches	Used with fog to denote random occurrence over relatively small areas.
municipal discharge	discharge of effluent from treatment plants that receive wastewater from households, commercial establishments, and industries.
evaporation rate	The quantity of water, expressed in terms of depth of liquid water, which is evaporated from a given surface per unit of time
hail spike	When looking at a WSR-88D Cross-Section, one will occasionally see a distinctive spike above the actual top of the thunderstorm
probable life	The total expected service life for survivors at any given age; the sum of the age attained and the remaining life.
gradient wind	Horizontal wind in the upper atmosphere that moves parallel to curved isobars
solar generation	The use of the sun's radiation to generate electricity.
gallon	a unit of measure equal to four quarts or 128 fluid ounces
wellhead protection	The pro-active management of land to assess and mitigate potential risks posed to well water quality.
performance-based standards	Standards expressed in terms of a desired result or outcome rather than a method, process, or technology
specific humidity	Measurement of atmospheric humidity
tail-end charlie	Slang for the thunderstorm at the southernmost end of a squall line or other line or band of thunderstorms
on the pump	An expression that means a well is incapable of flowing and that the oil is being pumped to the surface by a "pumping unit".
trip in	To go in the hole
development	The drilling and related activities necessary to begin production after the initial discovery of oil or gas in a reservoir.
extraordinary property losses	An amortizable (Deferred Debit) account, which includes the depreciated value of property abandoned or damaged by circumstances that could not have been reasonably anticipated and which is not covered by insurance.
fire weather district	A fire weather district is the area of routine service responsibility as defined by the NWS
vested water right	the right granted by a state water agency to use either surface or ground water.
extract assemblage	Assemblage of accumulative mineral extracted from a parent magma duting fractional crystallization to produce a daughter magma.
bank	the sloping land bordering a stream channel that forms the usual boundaries of a channel
well fluid	The fluid, usually a combination of gas, oil, water, and suspended sediment, that comes out of a reservoir
ground frost	Frost that penetrates the soil surface in response to freezing temperatures.
food chain	Sequence of organisms, each of which uses the next lower member of the sequence as a food source.
backwash	The return water flow of swash
mothball	To place a generating facility in an inactive state so that it can neither be brought into operation immediately nor counted towards reserve margin
giraiwurung	an Aboriginal people of south-west Victoria and the traditional owners of the Framlington Mission.
mllw	See
radiation shield	A separate panel or panels interposed between heating surfaces and adjacent objects to reduce heat transmission by radiation.
ltv	Loan-to-Value Ratio is the amount a lender will lend on a project relative either to its total appraised value or to its costs.
alkylate	A gasoline blending component composed of isobutane and propylene or butylene.
commandant's duty officer	Class As: Class Alpha uniform is worn to semiformal occasions
crest width	The thickness or width of a dam at the level of the crest (top) of the dam
hoe into	1
riparian	Having to do with the bank of a river
affidavit	A written declaration, sworn before an officer who has authority to administer oaths.
reef out	remove, pull out forcefully.
culvert	A device used to channel water, particularly underneath a road, railway or embankment.
everything's apples	all is well, under control, satisfactory, going well.
tidal datum plane	See chart datum.
van der waal's forces	Weak attractive forces acting between molecules
vascular plant	Plant that has vascular tissues to transport water, nutrients, and other metabolic products.
downstream	In the same direction as a stream or other flow, or toward the direction in which the flow is moving.
wet gas	Produced gas that contains natural gas liquids
specific gravity	The ratio of the weight of a given volume of material to the weight of the same volume of water.
scrub	1
volatile organic compounes	a group of chemicals that react in the atmosphere with nitrogen oxides, heat and sunlight to form ozone; VOCs are referred to as hydrocarbons.
coincident demand	The sum of the simultaneous demands of a group of consumers.
gage zero	The elevation of zero stage
regulatory floodway	Some maps show an area where construction regulations require special provisions to account for this extra hazard
real estate broker	A licensed middle man or agent who represents buyers and/or sellers in real estate transactions
lightning ground flash density	The number of cloud-to-ground flashes per unit time per unit area.
flibbertigibbet	giddy, inattentive or talkative person—usually a young girl.
biome	Largest recognizable assemblage of animals and plants on the Earth
basalt	A fine-grained, dark-colored igneous rock composed primarily of plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene; other minerals, such as olivine and opaques, are usually present.
pressure falling rapidly	A decrease in station pressure at a rate of 0.06" (1.5 mm) of mercury or more per hour which totals 0.02" (0.05 mm) or more.
isentropic surface	A two-dimensional surface containing points of equal potential temperature.
prepayments	These are payments for gas made to producers when the transmission company is unable to meet its contractual obligations to buy gas at a specified time
lateral	A pipe in a gas distribution or transmission system which branches away from the central and primary part of the system.
@risk	A computer program from Pallisade Corporation that adds risk analysis and modeling capabilities to Excel spreadsheets.
leptospermum wooroonooran	an erect, compact shrub with bronze-tipped new growth and small, white flowers in spring or early summer
king bioregion	perhumid warm coastal plains and low hills comprising King Island and the north-western tip of Tasmania
evaporation	the change by which any substance is converted from a liquid state and carried of in vapor
hob	A European term used to describe the surface below the range burner
decontrol	The removal of government controls on prices and other factors of market activity.
action plan	A component of IRP, describing utility actions in the short-term (about two years) to meet the supply and demand objectives of the integrated resource plan.
imported water	water brought into an area from a distant source, such as from one part of a state to another via an aqueduct
flame heath	Astroloma conostephioides is very common throughout the Grampians in Western Australia
respiration rate	The number of breaths a person makes per minute.
water purveyor	An agency or person that supplies water (usually potable water).
peak load	The maximum electrical load demand in a stated period of time
orifice cap	A movable fitting having an orifice which permits adjustment of the flow of gas by the changing of its position with respect to a fixed needle or other device.
weather synopsis	A description of weather patterns affecting a large area.
figure 7	MEAN DEPTH: The average DEPTH of the water area between the still WATER LEVEL and the SHOREFACE profile from the waterline to any chosen distance seaward.
crude oil	A mixture of liquid hydrocarbons of different molecular weights.
downstream	When referring to the oil and gas industry, this term indicates the refining and marketing sectors of the industry
co2	Carbon dioxide
quarry water	the moisture content of freshly quarried stone, esp
bank	The margins of a channel
crest gage	A gage used to obtain a record of flood crests at sites where recording gages are installed.
probable reserves	The midpoint estimate of resources profitable to produce with current technologies; more technical work has been done than so that there is 50 percent confidence that reserves could be above or below this figure.
facilitation model of succession	This model of succession suggests that the change in plant species dominance over time is caused by modifications in the abiotic environment that are imposed by the developing community
isothermal layer	Any layer where the temperature is constant with altitude, such that the temperature lapse rate is zero
purpa	See COGENERATION and PUBLIC UTILITY REGULATORY POLICIES ACT.
supergiant	the stage in a star's evolution where the core contracts and the star swells to about five hundreds times its original size
conservative pollutant	A pollutant that is relatively persistent and resistant to degradation, such as PCB and most chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides.
margin	The amount (expressed as a percentage) added to the index for an ARM to establish the interest rate on each adjustment date.
probe	An electrode designed to sense water level by contact, usually in a stilling well
embankment	A raised area at the side of a river, lake or sea designed to protect the surrounding land from flooding.
storage coefficient	Volume of water stored or released from a column of aquifer with unit cross section under unit change in head.
knot	Unit of speed used in aviation and marine activities which is equal to 1 nautical mile per hour or about 1.15 statue miles an hour.
division order	A contract with a purchaser of oil and gas which directs the payments of oil and gas revenues to the interest owners of a well.
easement	An acquired privilege or right, distinct from ownership of the soil, to use a specified area for certain specified uses.
market value	The current value of your home based on what a willing purchaser would pay
solvent extraction-electrowinning	A metallurgical technique, so far applied only to copper ores, in which metal is dissolved from the rock by organic solvents and recovered from solution by electrolysis.
giggle bin/factory/house	mental asylum (from WWI, digger dialect).
derby	the first site of the pearling industry in the Kimberley region, and now an important administrative centre
well seals	Cover for the top of the well.
strike-slip fault	A vertical fault in the earth's crust whose sides are moving in opposite directions.
peg away at	work persistently at.
free rider	A customer who participates in a utility DSM program, and thereby receives the services or financial incentives provided by the utility, who would have taken the same conservation actions in the absence of a DSM program.
mantle	The region of melted rock inside the Earth that is below the crust and above the core
ring-specimen	A very short length of pipe cut for testing purposes, such as for the ring-tensile test.
recharge	The addition of water into the aquifer, usually from precipitation percolating into the ground.
mid-oceanic ridge	Elongated rise on the ocean floor where basalt periodically erupts, forming new oceanic crust; similar to continental rift zones
hoity-toity	snobbish; haughty; petulant; pretentious; arrogant; supercilious.
depository bank	The bank to which payment of delay rental or other sums may be paid to the credit of lessor or his successors in interest.
impoundment	A body of water or sludge confined by a dam, floodgate, or other barrier.
vertical aerial photograph	Photograph taken from a overhead or near overhead angle from a platform in the atmosphere.
demurrage	The detention or delay of a vessel in loading or unloading beyond the time agreed upon
harbour datum	Harbour datum is a horizontal plane, defined by the local harbour authority, from which levels and tidal heights are measured by that authority.
progressive succession	Succession where the developing plant community becomes complex and contains more species and biomass over time.
terrace	Terraces are near level, narrow plains bordering rivers of various ages and heights formed when river floodplains are abandoned during periods of land uplift, river incision or falling sea level
nebulaphobia	The fear of fog
dynamic ice	Pressure due to a moving ice cover or drifting ice
light icing	The rate of ice accumulation that may create a problem if the flight is prolonged in this environment (over one hour)
securities act of 1933	- Establishes requirements for the disclosure of information for any interstate offering and sale of securities.
flea-pit	the cinema, movie house
heat advisory	This product is issued by the National Weather Service when excessive heat may pose a hazard or is life threatening if action is not taken
forward contract	An over‐the‐counter transaction between two companies involving the future delivery of a commodity at a specific date and location at a fixed price, established on the date at which the contract is originated
bwer	An acronym for Bounded Weak Echo Region.
national priorities list	EPA's list of the most serious uncontrolled or abandoned hazardous waste sites identified for possible long-term remedial action under Superfund
in-place resource	The quantity of oil or gas remaining in known accumulations plus those quantities already produced from known accumulations plus those quantities in accumulations yet to be discovered.
creek	small stream of water which serves as the natural drainage course for a drainage basin; a flowing stream normally smaller than a river and larger than a brook
auction with reserve	An auction in which the seller or his agent reserves the right to accept or decline any and all bids
capacity allocation	See ALLOCATION-CAPACITY.
hectopascals	Units used to measure air pressure
topsoil	A general term for the upper part of a soil with evidence of organic matter accumulation; usually identified as an A horizon.
influent stream	Any watercourse in which all, or a portion of the surface water flows back into the ground namely the, vadose zone, or zone of aeration.
abandonment	Regulatory authorization for a utility to cease provision of a particular service and/or to shut down a particular facility.
dryline bulge	A bulge in the dry line, representing the area where dry air is advancing most strongly at lower levels (i.e., a surface dry punch)
radioisotope snow gage	A snow water equivalent gage based on the absorption of gamma radiation by snow; this gage can measure up to 55 inches water equivalent with a 2 to 5 percent error.
lunar day	The time of the rotation of the Earth with respect to the Moon, or the interval between two successive upper transits of the Moon over the meridian of a place
homosphere	The lower layer in a two part classification of the atmosphere based on the general homogeneity of chemical composition
akna	In Native American traditions from Mexico and from the Arctic, "Moon" (Wife of the Sun) and "The Mother" (Goddess of Childbirth), respectively.
give it a miss	avoid; leave alone; refuse or elect not to participate: e.g., Everyone's going to the pub tonight but I think I'll give it a miss.
tidal difference	Difference in time or height of a high or low water at a subordinate station and at a reference station for which predictions are given in the Tide Tables
flue	Passage for combustion products within furnace or boiler
apparent magnitude	the apparent brightness of an object in the sky as it appears to an observer on Earth
pathogenic	capable of causing disease
storm	Any disturbed state of the atmosphere, especially affecting the Earth's surface, and strongly implying destructive and otherwise unpleasant weather
gas lift	A method of secondary recovery similar to gas injection, except that the injection well and the production well are both the same well
restrictive covenants	Private restrictions limiting the use of real property
producing well	Wells producing oil or gas in commercial quantities.
accrual	The recording on the books of account, in a given period, of expenses or charges incurred and/or of income earned for the period, to reflect the matching of income and expenses to the fullest extent possible, independent of the dates on which settlements of such items are made.
indigenous protected areas program	a government program through which traditional landowners are supported in the management of their lands, for the protection of natural and cultural features, in accordance with internationally recognised standards and guidelines
tracker	A special provision approved by the Commission giving the pipeline company the ability to change its rates at different points in time to recognize changes in specific cost of service items without the usual suspension period of a rate filing
eutrophic	having a large or excessive supply of plant nutrients (nitrates and phosphates)
cers	See Certified Emission Reductions.
casing	A length of pipe used for encasing a smaller diameter carrier pipe for installation in a well or under a road, etc.
septic tank	underground receptacle for wastewater from a home
pyramid of numbers	Graphical model describing the number of organisms that exist at each trophic level in a community or an ecosystem
purge	to force a gas through a water sample to liberate volatile chemicals or other gases from the water so their level can be measured.
.337370	Third Quarter
parking	Temporarily storing a shipper's excess gas so that shipper doesn't have to sell it at depressed prices.
cbod	Carbonaceous Biochemical Oxygen Demand. A BOD test in which a nitrification inhibitor is added, so that only the carbonaceous oxygen demanding compounds are measured.
outlet discharge structure	Protects the downstream end of the outlet pipe from erosion and is often designed to slow down the velocity of released water to prevent erosion of the stream channel.
altocumulus standing lenticular	These clouds are formed on the crests of waves crested by barriers in the wind flow
floodplain	land next to a river that becomes covered by water when the river overflows its banks .
isentropic lift	Lifting of air that is traveling along an upward-sloping isentropic surface
upconing	The upward movement of ground water from a deeper to shallower position in the aquifer, usually induced by pumping a well or discharge to the surface.
pence	plural of penny.
flanking line	A line of cumulus or towering cumulus clouds connected to and extending outward from the most active part of a supercell, normally on the southwest side
hydrometeor	A particle of condensed water (liquid, snow, ice, graupel, hail) in the atmosphere.
modified fixed variable	See RATE DESIGN.
fast reactor	A reactor in which the fission chain reaction is sustained with high-energy or high-speed (ie fast) neutrons.
deregulation	See DECONTROL.
gas injection	See REPRESSURING.
drainage network	System of interconnected stream channels found in a drainage basin.
water table	The surface separating the zone that is water-saturated from the zone containing air that is freely connected to the atmosphere.
banks' grevillea	Grevillea banksii, a widely cultivated native plant, and the genetic parent of many hybrids
coefficient of storage	See storativity.
settlement	A location where humans have settled on a permanent basis
corner effects	A small-scale convergence effect that can be quite severe
toxicity test	the means to determine the toxicity of a chemical or an effluent using living organisms
blow down	The process of reducing gas pressures by means of releasing such pressures to atmosphere.
transportation agreement	An agreement between a shipper and transportation company which defines the terms and conditions of the transportation services and transportation transfer to be provided.
trough	A long linear depression.
genetic adaptation	Changes in the genetic makeup of organisms of a species due to mutations that allow the species to reproduce and gain a competitive advantage under changed environmental conditions.
isomerate	Mixed xylenes used as gasoline blendstock
infill well	Any well drilled on a closer than normal well spacing pattern or requirement
irrigation efficiency	The percentage of water applied that can be accounted for in soil moisture increase for consumptive use.
radiographic inspection	Method used to determine flaws in pipe or other metals by use of a machine which emits X-rays or gamma rays which penetrate the metal and are transcribed onto film.
rope cloud	In satellite meteorology, a narrow, rope-like band of clouds sometimes seen on satellite images along a front or other boundary
lay in there	persist, persevere against all odds: e.g., Things have been difficult, but we're still laying in there!
air parcel	An imaginary small body of air that is used to explain the behavior of air
commission	Money paid to a real estate agent or broker by the seller as compensation for finding a buyer and completing the sale
gigawatt	One gigawatt equals 1-billion watts, 1-million kilowatts, or 1,000 megawatts
population crash	Sudden decline in the number of individuals found in a population because of a scarcity of environmental resources that are required for survival, growth, and reproduction.
drill bit	Interchangeable diamond tipped drill bit.
anticline	A fold that is convex upward, or that had such an attitude at some stage of its development
trophic pyramid	A graphic model describing the distribution of energy, biomass, or some other measurable quantity between the different trophic levels found in an ecosystem.
sludge	In discussions of environmental controls, the mud-like residue that results from the cleaning process of scrubbers or certain other devices, designed to prevent solid particulates from entering the environment
force	Process that changes the state of rest or motion of a body.
remote sensing	Non-invasive methods of evaluation, including air photograph interpretation, geophysical survey and fieldwalking.
cave	Naturally formed underground chamber.
offset	An offset deal is, normally, one in which a vendor government "offsets" the cost of an arms sale to a purchaser government by undertaking to invest in the purchaser country (or to persuade vendor country companies to do so)
large-blotched python	Antaresia stimsoni; most specimens are boldly patterned with dark dorsal and lateral blotches
embankment	Fill material, usually earth or rock, placed with sloping sides and usually with length greater than height
thermal lows	Areas of low pressure that are shallow in vertical extent and are produced primarily by warm surface temperatures.
risk	The possibility of loss or injury
gamma ray	A log of the total natural radioactivity, measured in API units
pathogen	Microscopic parasite organism that causes disease in a host
working interest	The operating interest under an oil and gas lease.
plug	An external thread pipe fitting that is inserted into the open end of an internal thread pipe fitting to seal the end of a pipe
entropy	Entropy is the measure of the disorder or randomness of energy and matter in a system.
cytoplasm	All of the protoplasm in a cell except for what is contained in the nucleus.
north pole	Surface location defined by the intersection of the polar axis with Earth's surface in the Northern Hemisphere
point source pollution	pollution which comes from a well-defined source such as sewage treatment plant effluent from industrial dischargers
physiographic region	A region of which all parts are similar in geologic structure and climate and which has consequently had a unified geomorphic history; a region whose patterns of relief features or landforms differs significantly from that of adjacent regions
confluence	A pattern of wind flow in which air flows inward toward an axis oriented parallel to the general direction of flow
tight sands	Gas-bearing geologic strata that holds gas too tightly for conventional extraction processes to bring it to the surface at economic rates without special stimulation.
enriched uranium	Uranium where the uranium-235 assay is above that of natural uranium
plantation	An artificially-established forest, farm or estate, where crops are grown for sale.
metamorphic	Rock whose nature has been transformed by natural geological processes, usually heat and pressure, from a pre-existing form.
safety coupling	A friction coupling adjusted to slip at a predetermined torque to protect the rest of the system from overload.
phytoplankton	Small photosynthetic organisms, mostly algae and bacteria, found inhabiting aquatic ecosystems
market area	Any area in which the company feels that gas can be sold in the public convenience and necessity to the benefit of the company and stockholders.
stubble mulch	Stubble or other crop residue left on the soil or partly worked into the soil
subsidence	sinking down of part of the earth's crust due to underground excavation, such as removal groundwater.
dump [lcdb2 classification]	Areas used for the surface disposal of solid waste material.
gas conditioning	The removal of objectionable constituents and addition of desirable constituents.
lava	Molten rock that erupts to Earth's surface through a volcano or a fissure.
appraisal	A professional analysis, including references to sales of comparable properties, used to estimate the value of the property.
abbreviated application	An abbreviated application for a certificate of public convenience and necessity that may be filed under Section 7 of the NGA whenever the proposed action does not require all of the data and information normally filed in a certificate application in order to disclose fully the nature and extent of the proposed undertaking.
fuel fabrication	The production of reactor fuel, usually in the form of ceramic pellets, encased in metal tubes which are then arranged in fuel assemblies.
thalweg	The line of maximum depth in a stream
stable equilibrium	In a stable equilibrium the system displays tendencies to return to the same equilibrium after disturbance.
microearthquake	A term used to describe earthquakes under Richter magnitude 2, and occasionally, slightly larger quakes, especially those not felt by people nearby.
joules	A measure of energy equal to 1 watt second
stream	A long narrow channel of water that flows as a function of gravity and elevation across the Earth's surface
venting	The intentional controlled release of un-combusted gases directly to the atmosphere
allogenic recharge	recharge that occurs in a sinking stream, entering an aquifer through sinkholes or fault planes
quaternary period	The interval of geologic time between approximately 1.8 million years ago and the present
salt water disposal well	Many wells produce salt water while producing oil. The disposal of this water is a problem to an operator because of pollution. The best solution to the problem is to pump the waste back into a formation that is deep enough not to pollute shallow water sands. Many stripper wells which are no longer commercial are converted for this purpose.
mast	Portable derrick that can be erected as a unit, instead of assembled part by part.
blind pool	Refers to an oil and gas limited partnership which has not committed to specific prospects, leases, or properties at the time of capital formation.
acid rain	the acidic rainfall which results when rain combines with sulfur oxides emissions from combustion of fossil fuels.
irrigation return flow	water which is not consumptively used by plants and returns to a surface or ground water supply
tornado	A vortex of rapidly moving air associated with some severe thunderstorms
secondary consumer	Organisms that occupy the third trophic level in the grazing food chain
precipitation attenuation	The loss of energy that radar beam experiences as it passes through an area of precipitation.
deep well	A well whose pumping head is too great to permit use of a suction pump.
brave west winds	A nautical term for the strong and rather persistent westerly winds over the oceans in temperate latitudes
agulhas current	Also called Agulhas stream, a generally southwestward-flowing ocean current of the Indian Ocean; one of the swiftest of ocean currents
interstate	With respect to natural gas companies, the transporting and sale of gas for resale across state lines.
magnetic field	The space influence by magnetic force
tight hole	A well whose results are being kept confidential.
condensation	water vapor changing back into liquid
dermosols	occur as moderately deep and well-drained soils in the wetter areas of eastern Australia
flim-flam	light-hearted nonsense; deception; trickery.
pyrite	A common mineral-iron disulfide (FeS2) which has a pale brass-yellow color and metallic luster and is burned in making sulfur dioxide and sulfuric acid
swody3	The Day 3 Severe Weather Outlook is very similar to the Day 2 Outlook
strike price	The price at which an option holder has the right to buy or sell an underlying commodity/derivative.
clean water act	federal legislation enacted in 1972 to restore and maintain the chemical, physical and biological integrity of the surface waters of the United States
perennial plant	Plant species that lives for more than two years.
rille	Long channel on the Moon crossing the surface of maria
dem	See Digital Elevation Model.
longshore drift	A natural process whereby sediment is transported along a coastline
it and a bit	perfect; exceptional (often in a sarcastic sense): e.g., He thinks he's it and a bit.
lantana	introduced from the Americas as an ornamental species and still readily available from nurseries, the environmental impacts of lantana's introduction to Australia have been severe
confined aquifer	Confined is synonymous with artesian
sand filters	devices that remove suspended solids from a wastewater treatment plant effluent or water treatment plant product.
boiler	A closed vessel in which a liquid is heated and/or vaporized
pugh clause	A provision or addendum in a gas lease agreement that addresses whether the entire parcel of land will be held under a lease agreement, if only a portion of the leased land is developed
stable	An atmospheric state with warm air above cold air which inhibits the vertical movement of air.
lump-sum contract	A contract agreeing upon and approving a fixed total for construction and work
kuringgai	variant spelling of Guringai.
american style option	An option which can be exercised by the buyer (holder) at anytime during its life
windbreaks	Any type of barrier for protection from winds
ultimate co2	The maximum theoretical percentage of flue gas CO2 that is possible to produce from the complete combustion of a fuel with the chemically-correct fuel-air ratio.
lifting costs	The costs of producing oil from a well or lease; the operating expenses.
open season	Generally refers to a period of time when all parties are given equal consideration
compression efficiency	The ratio of the theoretical work requirement (using a stated process) to the actual work required to compress a given quantity of gas
mineral	A naturally occurring inorganic element or compound having a periodically repeating arrangement of atoms and characteristic chemical composition, resulting in distinctive physical properties.
water table aquifer	See Unconfined Aquifer.
double top	A bearish reversal pattern characterized by two highs at roughly equal value.
impound	to confine in an enclosure, such as impounding water in a reservoir
valley trains	The accumulations of outwash deposited by rivers in their valleys downstream from a glacier.
million	106
payout	When the costs of drilling, producing and operating have been recouped from the sale of products on a well.
holly-leaf grevillea	Grevillea wickhamii ssp
flora	plant population of a region.
deh	(see: Department of the Environment and Heritage).
super-saturation	Atmospheric condition where saturation occurs at a relative humidity greater than 100% because of a shortage of deposition or condensation nuclei.
deep seepage	Infiltration which reaches the water table.
frazil ice	Fine spicules, plates, or discoids of ice suspended in water
flinders river	the longest river in Queensland
lunar eclipse	a phenomenon that occurs when the Moon passes into the shadow of the Earth
dore bar	The final saleable product of a gold mine, usually consisting of gold and silver.
transverse rolls	Elongated low-level clouds, arranged in parallel bands and aligned parallel to the low-level winds but perpendicular to the mid-level flow
caodc	Canadian Association of Oilwell Drilling Contractors.
migratory	moving from one area to another on a seasonal basis
watershed	land area from which water drains toward a common watercourse in a natural basin.
arctic air	A mass of very cold, dry air that usually originates over the Arctic Ocean north of Canada and Alaska.
percolation	water soaking into the ground
magma	Molten rock material (liquids and gases).
high water	The maximum height reached by a rising tide
relief	(a) A term used loosely for the actual physical shape, configuration, or general unevenness of a part of Earth's surface, considered with reference to variations of height and slope or to irregularities of the land surface; the elevations or differences in elevation, considered collectively, of a land surface (frequently confused with topography)
horsepower hour	The equivalent of one horsepower expended for one hour
stratopause	The stratopause is a relatively thin atmospheric transition layer found between the stratosphere and the mesosphere
trend	"The trend is your friend." A trend at its most basic consists of a situation in which prices move more in one direction than another
downstream pipeline	The pipeline receiving natural gas at a pipeline inter-connect point.
magneto- telluric	Magnetotelluric (MT) is a geophysical method using electromagnetic waves to measure the resistivities of subsurface rock formations at depths between surface and several kilometres
anthracite	A hard, black coal with high energy content, often referred to as hard coal
base gas	The gas required in a storage reservoir to provide the pressure to cycle the normal working storage volume
partial participant	A DSM customer who has installed only some of the DSM program measures recommended for the facility.
switching station/switch yard	Facility used to tie together two or more electric circuits through switches
recycling	The collection of unwanted materials of the same type (construction and demolition waste (CDW), glass, paper, etc) for processing into new products.
swamp [wetland classification]	A wetland that receives a relatively rich supply of nutrients and often also sediment via surface runoff and groundwater from adjacent land
levee	A long, narrow embankment usually built to protect land from flooding
respiration	The release of energy from organic compounds in living cells.
drill bit	The cutting or boring element used in drilling oil and gas wells
integrated company	A company which obtains a significant portion of its gas operating revenues from the operations of both a retail gas distribution system and gas transmission system.
severe storm	A storm with a tornado, hail 1" (25 mm) or greater, or wind gusts 50 knots (58 mph / 93 km/h) or greater, or all three.
depreciation accounting	A system of accounting intended to distribute the cost of tangible capital assets, less salvage, (if any), over the estimated useful life of the unit in a systematic and rational manner.
abutment	The part of a valley or canyon wall against which a dam is constructed
seepage	The interstitial movement of water that may take place through a dam, its foundation, or abutments.
itl	International Transaction Log
industrial smog	Form of air pollution that develops in urban areas
sea stack	A steep pillar of rock located in the ocean a short distance from the coastline
symmetric instability	Similar to inertial instability but due to imbalance between pressure gradient and inertial forces for infinitessimal disturbances that meridionally displaces fluid along isentropes (in atmosphere) or isopycnals (in ocean)
pore pressure	The interstitial pressure of water within a mass of soil, rock, or concrete.
accumulation	A situation in which the market is dominated by buyers, who ‘accumulate' the commodity they are trading.
deficit	the amount by which a sum of money falls short of an expected amount
pooling	A term frequently used interchangeably with “Unitization” but more properly used to denominate the bringing together of small tracts sufficient for the granting of a well permit under applicable spacing rules.
regulatory adjustments	Company costs in the Base period that can not be included in the Cost of Service and are deleted.
volcanic bomb	A pyroclastic rock fragment that shows the effects of cooling in flight in its streamlined or bread-crust surface.
meteorology	The scientific study of the atmosphere and its associated phenomena.
name plate rating	The full-load continuous rating of a generator, prime mover, pump, compressor, or other equipment under specified conditions as designated by the manufacturer
aud	Australian dollar.
gaining stream	a stream or portion of a stream where flow increases because of discharge into the stream from groundwater.
pergola	an arbour or covered walk, formed of growing plants trained over trellis-work.
heath / heathland	An area characterised by low-growing woody vegetation such as heather, cranberry, blueberry and rhododendron
carbon monoxide	A poisonous, combustible gas formed by incomplete combustion of carbon, or reduction of carbon dioxide.
home inspection	A professional inspection of a home to review the condition of the property
reserve capacity	Extra generating capacity available to meet unanticipated demands for power or to generate power in the event of loss of generation
agricultural land reserve	The Agricultural Land Reserve (ALR) is a provincial zone in which agriculture is recognized as the priority use
surface pressure	The pressure that is read from a barometer but is not adjusted to sea level.
dynamic equilibrium	A dynamic equilibrium occurs when a system displays unrepeated average states through time.
eumerella wars	Deen Maar was the site of deadly conflict between Aboriginal people and squatters in 1842, commonly known as the Eumerella Wars
parallel	Two lines running side by side at an equal distance apart
fathom	The common unit of depth in the ocean, equal to six feet
consenting party	A party (the company, staff, a customer, or other interested party) that supports a stipulation and agreement or settlement in a rate or other proceeding
discharge	the volume of water that passes a given point during a given period
lampblack	See CARBON BLACK.
pipeline patrol	A general inspection of the pipeline right of way by foot, airplane, or land vehicle to observe surface conditions and activity along or on the right of way and noting changes in vegetation growth for indication of gas leakage.
reversionary interest	An interest in a well or property that becomes effective at a certain time in the future or on the occurrence of a specific future event.
wasting assets	Assets that will eventually lose their value.
theodolite	An instrument used in surveying to measure horizontal and vertical angles with a small telescope that can move in the horizontal and vertical planes
barren grounds	a low range of rugged, coastal hills in Western Australia
processing	Few rocks can be used as dug and processing prepares the extracted material to be used as a construction mineral
light crude oil	Has an API gravity higher than 33 degrees
dolerite	A dark igneous rock of medium grain size which is relatively rich in iron and magnesium minerals.
aquiclude	An impermeable body of rock that may absorb water slowly, but does not transmit it.
perched water table	A zone in the soil where, due to a slowly permeable layer such as a fragipan, downwards percolation of water is impeded and the water table is said to be 'perched' above the slowly permeable layer of soil.
moderator	A component of some nuclear reactor types which slows neutrons, thereby increasing their chances of fissioning fissile material.
source rock	The geological formation in which oil, gas and/or other minerals originate.
cavern	a large underground opening in rock (usually limestone) which occurred when some of the rock was dissolved by water
conservation fencing	Fencing designed to enable grazing management to control and prevent soil erosion, e.g
nivation	Process where snow patches initiate erosion through physical weathering, meltwater flow, and gelifluction.
distribution company	Gas Company which obtains the major portion of its gas operating revenues from the operation of a retail gas distribution system, and which operates no transmission system other than incidental connections within its own system or to the system of another company
pedogenic regime	The particular soil forming process that operates in a certain climate
mr	Malaysian ringgit, the Malaysian unit of currency.
circulator	See HEATER, ROOM.
invertebrate	person of little strength of character; weak-willed; spineless.
jet stream	a long narrow meandering current of high-speed winds near the tropopause blowing from a generally westerly direction and often exceeding a speed of 250 miles per hour.
ishtar	In Babylonian mythology, goddess of love and war
porphyrictic	A rock texture having large crystal or phenocryst in a finer groundmass.
national datum	A fixed reference adopted as a standard geodetic datum for elevations determined by levelling.
law of capture	States that is a well is drilled on a property, anything that comes up from that well belongs to the owner of that property.
royalty	The portion of the value of the oil and gas produced by a company paid to the Crown.
abortion	total failure: e.g., The architect designed an abortion of a house.
engine	A machine for converting the heat content of fuel into rotary motion that can be used to power other machines.
retirement frequency curve	A graphical presentation of the retirement dispersion.
section	A square tract of land having an area of one square mile (=640 acres)
cloud	A visible aggregate of minute water droplets or ice particles in the atmosphere above the Earth's surface.
cirrocumulus standing lenticular	These clouds are formed on the crests of waves crested by barriers in the wind flow
negative vorticity advection	A region of negative vorticity usually several hundred of kilometers wide on a upper level chart that moves with the general wind flow
terrestrial	a term used to describe anything originating on the planet Earth.
light summer grazing	Restricted, controlled grazing during summer to encourage flowering and seeding of native and/or introduced pasture: a management technique used in the rehabilitation of depleted and eroded high country areas particularly in the semi-arid and mountainous regions of the South Island.
horsehead	The curved guide or head piece on the well end of a pumping jack’s walking beam
formation	A body of earth material with distinctive and characteristic properties.
drip	A container or segment of piping placed at a low point in a system to collect condensate, dust, and foreign material, enabling their removal
flood basalt	A plateau basalt extending many kilometers in flat, layered flows originating in fissure eruption.
verified nomination	A nomination that has been validated against the conditions specified in the service contract and with any upstream/downstream or third parties involved in the transaction.
effluent	any substance, particularly a liquid, that enters the environment from a point source
deciduous hardwoods	Typically willow and poplar species growing adjacent to inland water and rivers, this class also includes stands of planted exotic deciduous hardwoods, such as Oak (Quercus), Ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and Elm (Ulmus).
$1.681139	At February 21, 2012, there were 46,608,796 Units outstanding held by 1,330 Unit holders of record
earthquake	A sudden release of energy caused by rock material breaking under stress
water equivalent	The liquid content of solid precipitation that has accumulated on the ground (snow depth)
permeability	A property of a porous medium: a measure of the capacity of the medium to transmit fluids
ice run	Flow of ice in a river
repeat	belch; experience an after-taste.
wobbe index	A number which indicates interchangeability of fuel gases and is obtained by dividing the heating value of a gas by the square root of its specific gravity.
hydrocarbons	A large class of organic compound of hydrogen and carbon
banjalong	a soybean variety engineered by the CSIRO to be able to compete successfully against native weeds.
void volume	The volume occupied by the interstitial spaces between the particles of ion exchangers, filter media, or other granular materials in a bed or column
halocline	A vertical salinity gradient in some layer of a body of water, which is appreciably greater than the gradients above and below it; also a layer in which such a gradient occurs
test weld	The process of cutting out a portion of a weld in a pipeline for testing as to acceptability.
capillary water	Water that moves horizontally and vertically in soils by the process of capillary action
cold expanded pipe	Pipe that is formed and then expanded in the pipe mill while cold so that the circumference is permanently increased by at least 1/2 percent and tensile strength is increased.
hydrologic model	a computer model of a watershed used to evaluate how precipitation contributes to flow in streams
consolidated formation	naturally occurring geologic formations that have been lithified (turned to stone)
gyre	A circular or spiral motion, primarily referring to water currents.
storet	a national U.S
viable treatment process	A water or waste water treatment process capable of accomplishing the desired water quality.
drainage radius	The radius, measured from a wellbore, of a circular area of a reservoir which is drained by a single well.
detection limit	the lowest level that can be determined by a specific analytical procedure or test method.
perennial vegetation	Vegetation living for more than 2 years, e.g
storage mains	Those mains used primarily for injection and withdrawal of gas to and from underground storage.
weir diameter	Many circular clarifiers have a circular weir within the outside edge of the clarifier
packer	A piece of downhole equipment that consists of a sealing device, a holding or setting device, and an inside passage for fluids.
combustion tests	The sampling of combustion products to determine the percentage of constituents and their temperature.
surface water	water that is on the Earth's surface, such as in a stream, river, lake, or reservoir.
hard rock	Rocks that have hardness and strength through induration
sand sea	A large region of sand and sand dunes in a desert
acidizing	The practice of applying acids to the walls of oil and gas wells to remove any material which obstructs the entrance of fluids
wettable powder	dry formulation that must be mixed with water or other liquid before it is applied.
tectonic change	Large scale changes in the earth's crust due to either compression (squeezing together), tension (pulling apart) or shearing (parallel sliding) of tectonic plates
collector well	Constructed with horizontal lengths of screened collector pipe radiating out from a central vertical well.
conveyance	Legal term for transferring the title of a property from one party to another, typically by deed (or bill of sale, etc.).
road pattern	The layout of streets particularly within an urban settlement
swash	The landward rush of water from a breaking wave up the slope of the beach.
convergence line	A horizontal line along which horizontal convergence of the airflow is occurring
microhabitat	zones of similar physical characteristics within a mesohabitat unit, differentiated by aspects such as substrate type, water velocity, and water depth.
volcanic emanations	Gases, especially steam, emitted from a vent or released from lava.
lakeshore warning	The local National Weather Service Offices with Great Lakes responsibility will issue this product to alert the public when there is either a potential or actual reports of major Great Lakes lakeshore flooding and erosion
dendrites	Thin branch-like growth of ice on the water surface.
spill	Release of water from a reservoir over a spillway rather than putting it through turbines to generate electricity
who	World Health Organization.
flame test	Detection and identification of certain elements in gas by characteristic coloration imparted to a flame.
meteoric water	A term applied to water which penetrates the rocks from above, i.e
operator	In the case of multiple parties to a contract regarding blocks of oil/gas and associated E&P work, a joint operating agreement is entered into between the parties and it is necessary to achieve agreement on the rights and obligations for all items required when conducting operations
downgradient	the direction that groundwater flows; similar to "downstream" for surface water.
kirrae whurrong	an Aboriginal people of the Port Campbell area
undiscovered	Resources
potassium chloride	A salt used as a weighting agent and to control swelling clays. MSDS is available here.
condensation	The change in state of matter from vapor to liquid that occurs with cooling
precipitation	Water in some form that falls from the atmosphere
delta neutral	A state where the grantor of an option has balanced the probability of being declared upon through buying/selling the underlying futures contract.
shift converter	A reactor which catalytically converts carbon monoxide and water into hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
anaerobic	a life or process that occurs in, or is not destroyed by, the absence of oxygen.
penny finally dropped	sudden comprehension, realisation, understanding.
grantee	That party in the deed who is the buyer or recipient.
surge level	The meteorologically induced component, sometimes called the ‘non tidal residual'
freezing rain advisory	This product is issued by the National Weather Service when freezing rain or freezing drizzle causes significant inconveniences, but does not meet warning criteria (normally an ice accumulation of 1/4" or greater) and if caution is not exercised, it could lead to life-threatening situations.
zone of accumulation	Area of a glacier where additions of snow exceed losses of ice from melting, evaporation, and sublimation.
mean areal precipitation	The average rainfall over a given area, generally expressed as an average depth over the area.
civil emergency message	These National Weather Service statements are issued when a local or state official wants a warning disseminated regarding nuclear accidents, spills of toxic material, and other similar situations.
psychrometer	Instrument used to measure atmospheric humidity
meander belt	The area between lines drawn tangential to the extreme limits of fully developed meanders.
precipitate	Solidification of a previously dissolved substance from a solution.
retained interest	The portion (or fraction) of an interest in a property the owner of such interest retain when conveying the balance of the interest to another party.
autotrophic	Capable of utilizing inorganic carbon as the main source of carbon and of obtaining energy for life processes from the oxidation of inorganic elements (chemotrophic) or from radiant energy (phototrophic).
assignee	In law generally a transferee; a recipient of an interest in property or a contract.
public utility	A business organization performing a service relating to or affecting all of the people within a specified area, usually under provisions of a franchise, charter or "certificate", and subject to special governmental regulations
colluvium	Rock fragments and soil material, which have accumulated on slopes as a result of gravity
ans	Alaska North Slope crude oil.
mlli	Lifted Index (LI) calculated using a parcel consisting of Mean Layer values of temperature and moisture from the lowest 100 mb above ground level.
diesel fuel	The light oil used in diesel and other compression-ignited engines.
floodplain or flood plain	Land bordering a stream, built up of sediments from overflow of the stream and subject to inundation when the stream is at flood stage.
plane of reference	See chart datum.
integrated	When applied to an oil company, it indicates a firm that operates in both the upstream and downstream sectors (from exploration through refining and marketing).
vault	An enclosed room or pit having an access opening in the top, side wall, or both
energy conservation measure	A device, material, or appliance used or installed to improve energy efficiency.
kansan	Pertaining to the classical second glacial stage of the Pleistocene Epoch in North America, after the Aftonian interglacial stage and before the Yarmouthian.
assessed valuation	An assessment of property values, by a unit of Government, for purposes of taxation.
air change	A method of expressing the amount of air infiltration and/or ventilation of a building or room in terms of the number of building volumes or room volumes exchanged per unit of time.
low	Distributions Paid
dirty cargo	A petroleum cargo, such as crude oil or heavy fuel oil, that leaves a significant quantity of residue in the holds of a tanker.
best efforts	An agreement by a contracting party to do its best to complete some specified result
porous	Geologically, this term describes rock that permits movement of fluids through small, often microscopic openings, much as water moving through a sponge
fluid	Substance, gas or liquid, that has the property of flow.
non-operator	The working interest owner(s) other than the owner designated as the operator of the property.
sensible heat flux	Process where excess heat energy is transferred into the atmosphere
accumulated deferred income taxes	Account(s) shown on a corporation's balance sheet, typically a net liability, that represents a future (deferred) claim by the government against the corporation's assets
dryline punch	A surge of drier air; normally a synoptic-scale or mesoscale process
grosskrotzenburg	Lies just south of Frankfurt-am-Main
med	Market abbreviation for Mediterranean.
gunge	Slang for anything in the atmosphere that restricts visibility for storm spotting, such as fog, haze, precipitation (steady rain or drizzle), widespread low clouds (stratus), etc.
ship or pay	A contract term that requires a gas shipper to pay a penalty if it fails to move the required volumes of gas down a pipeline
custody transfer transaction	The Custody Transfer Transaction is the hand-off of the physical commodity from one operator to another.
authorized over-run	See OVER-RUN, AUTHORIZED.
indigenous land fund	a self-sustaining capital fund established in 1995 in conjunction with the Indigenous Land Corporation
stationary front	A transition zone in the atmosphere where there is little movement of opposing air masses and winds blow towards the front from opposite directions.
lygophobia	The fear of darkness.
shut-in	Shut off so there is no flow; refers to a well, plant, pump, etc., when valves are closed at both inlet and outlet.
eye	The relatively calm center in a hurricane that is more than one half surrounded by wall cloud
total dissolved solids	Concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS) in ground water expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L), is found by evaporating a measured volume of filtered sample to dryness and weighing this dry solid residue.
meteoroid	A small, solid body moving through space in orbit around the Sun.
non-participant	Any customer who is eligible but does not participate in a utility DSM program in a given year.
aquifer	a geologic formation(s) that is water bearing
topsoil stoniness	The volume of stones in the topsoil
expansion loop	Either a bend like the letter "U" or a coil in a line of pipe to provide for expansion and contraction.
btu adjustment clause	A clause in a gas purchase contract that may adjust the contract price if the heat content of the gas delivered does not fall within a specified range.
downwelling current	Ocean current that travels downward into the ocean because of the convergence of opposing horizontal currents or because of an accumulation of seawater.
orsat analysis	Measurement of the quantitative amounts (by volume) by selective absorption of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and carbon monoxide in a gas using an Orsat apparatus.
headward erosion	Erosion which occurs in the upstream end of the valley of a stream, causing it to lengthen its course in such a direction.
informal vote	a vote that is not counted because the ballot paper has not been completed according to electoral law.
long-term hydrostatic strength	The estimated tensile hoop stress in the wall of the pipe along the circumferential direction that when applied continuously will cause failure of the pipe, at 100,000 hours (11.43 years)
natural gas reserves	Gas deposits that are estimated by scientists to be economically recoverable given current drilling technology and gas prices.
gravity dam	A concrete structure proportioned so that its own weight provides the major resistance to the forces exerted on it.
excess air	Air which passes through a combustion zone in excess of the quantity theoretically required for complete combustion.
amortization period	The period of time for economic recovery of the net investment in a project.
making up a joint	Act of screwing a joint into another section of pipe
loaded gun	Slang for a sounding characterized by extreme instability but containing a cap, such that explosive thunderstorm development can be expected if the cap can be weakened or the air below it heated sufficiently to overcome it.
shear	Variation in wind speed (speed shear) and/or direction (directional shear) over a short distance
kinetic energy	The energy of an object which it possesses due to its motion
salinity	amount of dissolved salts in a given volume of water.
dispatchability of dsm	The ability of the utility to schedule and control, directly or indirectly, manually or automatically, the timing and volumes of DSM measures.
blue sky laws	State regulations governing an offering to sell securities within that state
mean temperature	The average of a series of temperatures taken over a period of time, such as a day or a month.
siltstone	Fine grained sedimentary rock composed of lithified silt particles.
assay	a test for a specific chemical, microbe, or effect.
storage rights	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
c5	Pentane
precipitation	water falling toward the Earth's surface in the form of rain, drizzle, hail, sleet, or snow
alluvial plain	A level, gently sloping, or slightly undulating land surface produced by extensive deposition of alluvium, usually adjacent to a river that periodically overflows its banks.
colluvium	A general term for weathered soil and rock material mantling slopes which has been transported primarily by gravity and sheet wash.
universe	The totality of all matter and radiation and the space occupied by same.
hinge	The point of maximum curvature or bending of a fold.
perched water table	The water table of a relatively small ground-water body supported above the general ground water body.
interception storage requirements	Water caught by plants at the onset of a rainstorm
gallery	A passageway within the body of a dam or abutment.
estuary	The thin zone along a coastline where freshwater systems and rivers meet and mix with a salty ocean (such as a bay, mouth of a river, salt marsh, lagoon).
net profits interest	A share of the gross production from a property that is carved out of a working interest, and it is figured as a function of net profits from operation of the property.
dry hole contributions	Money or property paid by adjoining property owners to another operator drilling a well on property in which the payors have no property interest
groundwater recharge	the natural or intentional infiltration of surface water into the zone of saturation.
maximum allowable operating pressure	See PRESSURE, MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE OPERATING.
lignite	A solid fuel of a grade higher than peat but lower than bituminous coal.
filler	A relatively inert material added to a plastic to modify its strength, permanence, working properties, or other qualities, or to lower costs.
technology-based treatment requirements	NPDES permit requirements based on the application of pollution treatment or control technologies including BTP (best practicable technology), BCT (best conventional technology), BAT (best available technology economically achievable), and NSPS (new source performance standards).
grid	The layout of a gas distribution system in which pipes are laid in both directions in the streets and frequently connected at intersections
petroleum derivatives	chemicals formed when gasoline breaks down in contact with water.
peak particle velocity	When a vibration is measured, the point at which the measurement takes place can be considered to have a ?particle velocity?
irish curtains	cobwebs that gather in the corners of windows.
superior planets	The planets Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto are superior planets because their orbits are farther from the Sun than Earth's orbit.
redfish	any of several Australian fish, especially the nannygai.
boundary conditions	definition or statement of conditions or phenomena at the boundaries of a model; water levels, flows, and concentrations that are specified at the boundaries of the area being modeled.
cryostatic pressure	Pressure exerted on a substance by ice at rest.
savanna	A tropical or sub-tropical plant community characterized by trees and shrubs scattered among a cover of grasses, herbs and forbs
current	A flow of electricity in a conductor
fault scarp	a steep slope or cliff caused by displacement along a fault and, if unmodified by erosion, representing the exposed surface of the fault.
pep index	Platts demand-weighted index of all European electricity assessments
humidity	A general term used to describe the amount of water vapor found in the atmosphere.
total for 2010	Type of Unit Holders
turkey tower	Slang for a narrow, individual cloud tower that develops and falls apart rapidly
transmission	The network of high voltage lines, transformers and switches used to move electricity from generators to the distribution system
bid	A proposal to buy a commodity/derivative at a specified price.
cloud	a mass of suspended water droplets and/or ice crystals in the atmosphere
abbreviation for commanding officer	Contract: Advanced courses of military science, naval science or aerospace studies in which the cadet is under contract with a military service to pursue an officer's commission.
streamer	A channel of very high ion density which propagates through the air by the continual establishment of an electron avalanche ahead of its tip.
artesian aquifer	See Confined Aquifer.
mesoscale	Size scale referring to weather systems smaller than synoptic-scale systems but larger than storm-scale systems
hydrostatic head	A measure of pressure at a given point in a liquid in terms of the vertical height of a column of the same liquid which would produce the same pressure.
deposit	An accumulation of oil or gas capable of being produced commercially.
heat of fusion	The heat lost or gained by a substance in passing from
major flooding	A general term including extensive inundation and property damage
optimum air supply	Volume of air delivered to a burner that will produce the maximum thermal efficiency under specific operating conditions.
joint venture	Group of companies which jointly holds 100% interest in a given concession.
pyrite	A common iron sulfide mineral sometimes known as "fool's gold" because of its metallic brass-yellow color.
s-band transponder	a device aboard the CSM that uses the traveltime of radiowaves transmitted from Earth and returned to it to aid in tracking the spacecraft
oz	1
wind shear	The rate of change of wind speed and/or direction over a given distance
acid mine drainage	Runoff caused by water flowing over and through sulfur-rich areas, such as coal or metal mines, is one of the main pollutants (pdf link) of surface water in this region, raising long-term ecological and economic concerns
force majeure	A superior force, "act of God" or unexpected and disruptive event, which may serve to relieve a party from a contract or obligation.
estuarine waters	deepwater tidal habitats and tidal wetlands that are usually enclosed by land but have access to the ocean and are at least occasionally diluted by freshwater runoff from the land (such as bays, mouths of rivers, salt marshes).
macrophyte	macroscopic plants in the aquatic environment
sop	Standard operating procedure
corrosion	Destruction of a metal by chemical or electrochemical reaction with its environment.
mmcf million cubic feet.	The cubic foot is a standard unit of measure for quantities of gas at atmospheric pressure.
scrip	a provisional certificate of money subscribed to a bank or company etc entitling the holder to a formal certificate and dividends.
plutino	A subclass of Kuiper Belt objects which, like Pluto, orbit the Sun twice during every three orbits of Neptune
flow rate	The rate that expresses the volume of fluid or gas passing through a given surface per unit of time (e.g
susp	Suspension grade PVC.
cme	Chicago Mercantile Exchange
catenary support	A steel cable or cables strung between two supports and sagged to the point of minimum tension for a given evenly distributed load
isobutane	A hydrocarbon of the same chemical formula as butane but different molecular structure, resulting in different physical properties, notably lower boiling point
rotary_current	A tidal current that changes direction progressively through 360 degreesduring a tidal cycle.
debt-to-income ratio	The percentage of gross monthly income that goes toward paying for your monthly housing expense, installment debts, alimony, child support, car payments, and payments on revolving or open-ended accounts such as credit cards.
thermogenic	Generated or formed by heat, especially via physiological processes.
cmp	See China Main Port.
noaa	An acronym for National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration.
mode	Statistical measure of central tendency in a set of data
oceanography	The study of the sea , embracing and integrating all knowledge pertaining to the sea's physical boundaries, the chemistry and physics of sea water, and marine biology.
main system	See SYSTEM TYPE.
cape schanck	named in 1801 after Captain John Schanck, the inventor of the sliding keel, by Lieutenant James Grant as he undertook the first full survey of the coastline after Bass and Flinders
brent blend	The most commonly traded North Sea crude oil
waste water	Water that has been used
gaspra	Russian resort and spa near Yalta, Crimea, where Leo Tolstoy was treated.
surface impoundment	an indented area in the land's surface, such a pit, pond, or lagoon.
right rear quadrant	see Right Entrance Region.
depreciation expense	The cost of plant (less net salvage) recovered over the life of the plant through a reduction of income
pl	Pipeline.
diversity	See Species Diversity.
nominal wall thickness	See WALL THICKNESS, NOMINAL.
vapor pressure	The pressure, often expressed in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg, at which a vapor is in a state of balance with its liquid or solid form.
vortex	A rapid spiraling motion of air or liquid around a center of rotation.
plutonium	An element with atomic number 94 formed as a by-product of nuclear fission in reactors
meter book	Book in which successive readings of utility customers' meters are recorded by gas utility meter readers
heat capacity	Quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit quantity of a substance one degree
land resource inventory	An inventory of the five physical factors considered to be critical for long-term sustainable land use; rock type, soil, slope angle, erosion type and severity, vegetation.
tasmanian south east bioregion	subhumid cool to subhumid warm coastal plains on a highly indented coastline, bordered inland by low mountain ranges formed from Jurassic dolerite and Permo-Triassic sediments
secondary air	The air for combustion externally supplied to the flame at the point of combustion.
available water	The portion of water in a soil that can be readily absorbed by plant roots
field butanes	A raw mix of natural gas liquids; the product of gas processing plants in the field
.349890	Total for 2010
silt	Loose sedimentary material composed of rock articles usually 1/20- millimeter or less in diameter
wsr-88d	Weather Surveillance Radar - 1988 Doppler; NEXRAD unit.
plane of the ecliptic	Hypothetical two-dimensional surface in which the Earth's orbit around the Sun occurs.
$23.2700	$17.6700
double glazing	Two panes of glass, usually parallel, with an air space between, used to provide increased thermal and/or sound insulation.
boulder	Large fragment of rock that has a diameter greater than 256 millimeters (200 millimeters in the United Kingdom).
hemisphere	a half of the celestial sphere that is divided into two halves by either the horizon, the celestial equator, or the ecliptic.
minimum transportation rate	The minimum rate which an open-access transporter may charge for service
volatilization	The process where a solid or liquid substance is converted into a gas.
conductor pipe	The casing string that is usually put into the well first, particularly on land wells, to prevent the sides of the hole from caving into the wellbore
subtropical jet stream	Relatively fast uniform winds concentrated within the upper atmosphere in a narrow band
kelp beds	significant aggregations of a large, fast growing marine algae throughout the water column.
anvil dome	A large overshooting top or penetrating top on the top of a Cumulonimbus Cloud (Cb).
cutoff low	A closed low which has become completely displaced (cut off) from basic westerly current, and moves independently of that current
nowcast	A weather forecast, generally out to six hours or less
condemnation	The taking of private property for public use by a government unit with payment of just compensation under the government's power of eminent domain
richter scale	A logarithmic scale of 0 to 10 representing the strength of an earthquake
warm front	A transition zone in the atmosphere where an advancing warm air mass displaces a cold air mass.
water table	A shallow stratum of underground water that supplies potable water to sources and wells.
vernal equinox	One of two days during the year when the declination of the Sun is at the equator
bottom hole contract	A contract providing for the payment of money or other consideration upon the drilling of a well to a specified depth.
arcuate	Curved or bent.
nitrogen dioxide	A gas produced by bacterial action in the soil and by high temperature combustion
bopm	Barrels of oil per month
kirchoff's law	This law suggests that good emitters of radiation are also good absorbers of radiation at specific electromagnetic radiation wavelength bands
screamer	(Australian Rules football) a spectacular mark.
unclassified waters	those waters for which no classification has been assigned and which have not been identified in Appendix A of 31 Texas Administrative Code, Chapter 307.10 of Title 31 (relating to definitions).
kuroshio countercurrent	Part of the Kuroshio system
gas-oil contact	A bounding surface in a reservoir above which predominantly gas occurs and below which predominantly oil occurs
flocculation	Chemical processes where salt causes the aggregation of minute clay particles into larger masses that are too heavy to remain suspended water.
zone of saturation	the space below the water table in which all the interstices (pore spaces) are filled with water
contact spring	A type of gravity spring whose water flows to the land surface from permeable rocks that are underlain by less permeable rocks, preventing the downward movement of water.
eon	The largest division of geologic time, embracing several Eras, for example, the Phanerozoic, 600 m.y
holding the hand out	taking advantage of government welfare; living on the dole.
refining	- Manufacturing petroleum products by a series of processes that separate crude oil into its major components and blend or convert these components into a wide range of finished products, such as gasoline or jet fuel.
electronic ignition	A spark ignition device designed to electrically initiate the combustion process.
ultraviolet radiation	The energy range just beyond the violet end of the visible spectrum
upper level system	A general term for any large-scale or mesoscale disturbance capable of producing upward motion (lift) in the middle or upper parts of the atmosphere
biota	the plant (flora) and animal life (fauna) of a region or ecosystem.
sublimation	the direct change of a solid to a vapor without the appearance of a liquid, as in the changing of snow directly into water vapor without melting
wire-to-water efficiency	The efficiency of a pump and motor together
squall	A strong wind characterized by a sudden onset in which the wind speed increases at least 16 knots and is sustained more than 22 knots or more for at least one minute.
reg unl	Abbreviation for Regular unleaded gasoline.
pygas	Pyrolysis gasoline: a naphtha-range product with a high aromatic content, used either for gasoline blending or as a feedstock for a BTX extraction unit
natural ionizing radiation	Ionizing radiation that comes from natural sources in the environment.
radiation	energy radiated in the form of waves or particles; photons.
alluvial fan	A fan-shaped deposit of alluvium laid down by a stream where it emerges from an upland into less steeply sloping terrain.
sea rush	Juncus kraussii, a perennial, erect, spiny rush up to 130cm tall with cylindrical stems
water conning	The encroachment of water in a well bore in a water-drive reservoir owing to an excessive rate of production
compound	A compound is the atoms of different elements joined together.
temperature	A measure of the warmth of the ambient air measured by a suitable instrument such as a thermometer.
rack price	The price of petroleum products at a refinery loading rack
coronal mass ejection	A huge magnetic bubble of plasma that erupts from the Sun and travels through space at a high speed.
wts	West Texas Sour crude oil.
parts per million	See milligrams per liter.
southern oscillation	Reversal of atmospheric circulation in tropical Pacific Ocean that triggers the development of an El Ni隳.
contract storage	Storage facilities, or a portion of storage facilities, which are leased to others for the purposes of storing gas
backwater effect	The effect which a dam or other obstruction has in raising the surface of the water upstream from it.
kilowatt	A unit of electrical work equivalent to 1,000 watts, 1.3414 horsepower, or .9478 Btu/sec
transpiration	evaporation of water through the leaves of plants
postage stamp rates	A single rate for the entire system; in contrast to zone or mileage based rates.
meltwater channel	A channel shaped by water coming from the melting of snow or glacier ice.
paleontology	The science of ancient life, through examination of fossil remains and the fossil record.
ocean trench	Deep depression found at the edge of the ocean floor
royalty income	The monthly Net Proceeds attributable to the Royalty.
retrogressive succession	Succession where the plant community becomes simplistic and contains fewer species and less biomass over time.
water column	an imaginary column extending through a water body from its floor to its surface
infrared satellite imagery	This satellite imagery senses surface and cloud top temperatures by measuring the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation emitted from these objects
rill	A very small steep sided channel carrying water
geophones	The sound-detecting instruments used to measure sound waves created by explosions set off during seismic exploration work.
redevelopment	Investment in an area in order to bring about physical, economic and social regeneration; for example the redevelopment of the London Docklands from the 1980s.
la niña	Condition opposite of an El Ni隳
heavy crude oil	Has an API gravity of less than 28 degrees
névé	Partially melted and compacted snow that has a density of at least 500 kilograms per cubic meter.
injectability	See STORAGE, UNDERGROUND.
diurnal tides	Tides having periods of approximately 1 day.
stress testing	A test to simulate an extreme market event and examine what happens to prices under the stress of that exercise.
isomerization	Typically, the process of separating mixed xylenes into orthoxylene and paraxylene.
glad/gladdie	gladiolus.
bank-full capacity	the rate of water flow that completely fills a channel; the flow rate at which the water surface is level with the flood plain.
fluvial	Of or pertaining to a river or rivers.
phengophobia	The fear of daylight or sunshine.
retrofitting	Adding a device or materials to an existing unit for the purpose of enhancing the functional performance of the original unit
carbie/carby	carburetor.
nameplate capacity	The full-load continuous rating of a generator or other electric power production equipment under specific conditions as designated by the manufacturer
regasification terminal	See RECEIVING TERMINAL.
primary consumer	Organisms that occupy the second trophic level in the grazing food chain
disabling injury illness incidence	See INJURY/ILLNESS INCIDENCE RATE, DISABLING.
geographic isolation	See spatial isolation.
crude oil equivalent	A measure of energy content that converts units of different kinds of energy into the energy equivalent of barrels of oil.
acre feet of water	The volume of water that would cover one acre to a depth of one foot, or 43,560 cubic feet of water, or 325,841.1 gallons of water.
sedimentary rock	This type of rock forms either from the deposition and consolidation of fragments of preexisting rocks or through the precipitation (either biologically-mediated or strictly chemical) of minerals from solution (in water).
manufacturer	one who makes a product
capillary zone	soil area above the water table where water can rise up slightly through the cohesive force of capillary action
joint operating agreement	An agreement among working interest owners describing how a well is to be operated.
pre tax return	Is equal to the debt component of the rate of return plus the equity component adjusted upwards to reflect the impact of Federal Income Taxes.
chaff	Small strips of metal foil, usually dropped in large quantities from aircraft or balloons
limited liability	Entities limiting liability If a taxpayer holds his working interest through any of the following entities, the entity is considered to limit his liability, and the taxpayer’s interest in the activity will not be exempt from the passive loss rules 1
mcl	Maximum contaminate level--the highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water
neutral atmosphere	Condition in the atmosphere where isolated air parcels do not have a tendency to rise or sink
msl	See mean sea level
void	the pore space or other openings in rock
recharge	refers to water entering an underground aquifer through faults, fractures, or direct absorption.
topography	The configuration of a surface including its relief and the position of its natural features.
seismic line	Linear corridor created to position geophones to facilitate recording geophysical information.
karst topography	a type of topography that is formed on limestone, gypsum, and other rocks by dissolution, and is characterized by sinkholes, caves, and underground drainage.
hydrology	the scientific study of the behavior of water in the atmosphere, on the Earth's surface and underground
shut-in royalty	A special type of royalty negotiated when leasing a property
flux	the rate of transfer of some quantity across a unit area
operating costs	Recurring costs related to day-to-day operations of a facility that are paid out of current revenue.
public offering	A securities (investment) offering intended for sale to the general public
certificate of title	A certificate issued by a title company or a written opinion rendered by an attorney that the seller has good marketable and insurable title to the property which he is offering for sale
anaerobic	Having no molecular oxygen in the environment
jet streak	A concentrated region within the jet stream where the wind speeds are the strongest
subcritical flow	flow characterized by low velocity and a Froude number less than 1
escrow	The holding of money or documents by a neutral third party prior to closing
arable farming	The cultivation of field crops.
tide prediction	Predetermined time and height of high or low water at a reference station
law of gravitation	The law stating that any two bodies attract each other with a force that increases in proportion to their masses and decreases in proportion to the square of the distance between them (discovered by Isaac Newton).
rings	Some pump cylinders rely on leather or nitrile rubber rings instead of cup leathers to create suction within the cylinder when the plunger is moved up.
blind pool	An oil and gas limited partnership which has not committed to a specific prospect, lease, or property at the time of the limited partners subscribe.
ammonium nitrate	A form of dry nitrogen fertilizer that is 34% nitrogen, by weight
recharge area	the area where water predominantly flows downward through the unsaturated formation (zone) to become groundwater.
pitot tube	A small device that can be inserted into a pipe to measure the flow of a liquid or gas
stratosphere	The layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere, where temperature increases with height.
ulcc	Ultra large crude carrier; with a capacity of 320,000-600,000 dwt
drilling	Drilling involves using appropriate machinery and equipment to drill a hole in the substratum down to a geological stratum containing a fluid (water, oil) or a gas (methane, CO2), extract and then safely convey the said fluid or gas to the surface for exploitation
hw	See
flat-out	going at full pace, without interruption or let-up.
play area	The geographical area that contains a defined geological configuration within a stratigraphic interval
saturn	Planet sixth in order from the sun
elastomer	A material which at room temperature can be stretched repeatedly to at least twice its original length and upon immediate release of the stress, will return to its approximate original length and shape.
rhi	An acronym for Range-Height Indicator
percolation deep	In irrigation or farming practice, the amount of water that passes below the root zone of the crop or vegetation.
dissolved solids	inorganic material contained in water or wastes
polymer	A substance consisting of molecules characterized by the repetition (neglecting ends, branch junctions and other minor irregularities) of one or more types of monomeric units
lennard gorge	a narrow gorge featuring a cascading waterfall after a good wet season
triassic	The first period of the Mesozoic era (after the Permian of the Paleozoic era, and before the Jurassic), thought to have covered the span of time between 225 and 190 million years ago; also, the corresponding system of rocks
as-billed	A method by which a pipeline includes in its rates, and charges its customers, the costs of gas or transportation services in the same manner as it is billed by its pipeline suppliers or transporter.
fog	Fog exists if the atmospheric visibility near the Earth's surface is reduced to 1 kilometer or less
stratigraphy	Earth science section dealing to studies of chronological succession of terranes deposited along geologic times, mainly based on fossils study.
perihelion	It is the point in the Earth's orbit when it is closest to the Sun (147.5 million km)
forward price	The price today for the delivery of a commodity to a specific location on a specified date in the future.
elasticity	The tendency for a body to return to its original shape and size when a stress is removed.
ambient ground water flow	The rate of flow and direction of flow of ground water under unpumped, natural conditions.
concession	Something yielded or conceded in negotiating a transaction.
wellhead	A system of spools, valves and assorted adapters that provide pressure control of a production well
shearing	The motion resulting from stresses that cause or tend to cause contiguous parts of a body to slide relatively to each other.
heave heart out	to vomit.
qpf	A spatial and temporal precipitation forecast that will predict the potential amount of future precipitation for a specified region, or area.
rye	A cereal crop that is closely related to barley and wheat
tasmanian pademelon	extinct in mainland Australia because of predation by foxes and large scale land clearance (although two other species do occur along the mainland east coast)
nocturnal	Related to nighttime, or occurring at night.
bod	Biochemical Oxygen Demand
fracture	Any break or rupture formed in an ice cover or floe due to deformation.
podzols [nz soil classification]	Occur in high rainfall areas, are strongly acidic and strongly leached, with very low fertility
chemical resistance	(1) The effect of specific chemicals on the properties of plastic piping with respect to concentration, temperature and time of exposure
zanja	Spanish word for ditch
model output statistics	A set of statistical equations that use model output to forecast the probability of precipitation, high and low temperature, cloud cover, and precipitation amount for many cities across the USA
fission and fusion	Fission is the splitting of atomic nuclei and fusion is the combination of two atomic nuclei
kunngkari	an Aboriginal people of Queensland's central west.
county warning area	All the counties or parishes assigned to a specific National Weather Service Forecast Office for the purpose of warnings issuance and hazard awareness responsibility.
carved out interest	The fractional interest conveyed to another party by the original owner of the whole interest.
t/c	Tanker market abbreviation for timecharter.
looping	A paralleling of an existing pipeline by another line over the whole length or any part of it to increase capacity.
scree	An accumulation of weathered rock fragments at the base of a steep rock slope or cliff.
vent gas	See GAS, FLUE.
forward flank downdraft	The main region of downdraft in the forward, or leading, part of a supercell, where most of the heavy precipitation is
catchpenny	intended merely to sell quickly; superficially attractive.
breakup	The time when a river whose surface has been frozen from bank to bank for a significant portion of its length begins to change to an open water flow condition
reverse tolling	When a gas pipeline recalls gas used for electric generation and diverts it to end-use markets when gas prices are higher than power prices.
conjunctive billing	Tariff provisions which permit the grouping of delivery points for billing purposes
depth limitation	A specification of the depth below the surface of the ground from which production can be taken
glacial striations	lines carved into rock by overriding ice, showing the direction of glacial movement
south magnetic pole	Location in the Southern Hemisphere where the lines of force from Earth's magnetic field are vertical
experimental crude oil	Crude oil produced from pilot projects designed to investigate new recovery techniques.
foof 'em	in card playing a cut in the deck by someone poking the middle cards out with the thumb and placing them on top of the deck.
active installation	An installation in continuous use by active Army organizations
koko aiebadu	alternate spelling of Ajabatha.
theia	Pre-Hellenic goddess of light, mother of the dawn
test year	The period selected as the base for presenting data in a case or hearing before a regulatory agency upon which revenue requirements are determined
fault	Occurs when a part of the earth's crust fractures due to forces by movement of plates on the earth's crust
rayleigh scattering	Changes in directions of electromagnetic energy by particles whose diameters are 1/16 wavelength or less
cold air advection	Transport of cold air into a region by horizontal winds.
deliveries	Each working interest owner pays his or her royalty owners only when the working interest owner markets his or her share of production
barbaram	an indigenous tribe that is thought to represent a Tasmanoid group
extinction	Disappearance of a species from all or part of their geographic range
interface	the common boundary between two substances such as water and a solid, water and a gas, or two liquids such as water and oil.
n&a	Naphthenes and aromatics.
moratorium	Suspension of activity.
forced outage rate	The rate of shutdown of a generating unit, transmission line, or other facility for emergency reasons or a condition in which the generating equipment is unavailable for load because of unanticipated breakdown.
direct vent appliance	Gas appliance designed so that all combustion air is derived directly from the outside, and all fuel gases are discharged to the outside through an exterior wall.
ellipse	A conic section; the curve of intersection of a circular cone and a plane cutting completely through the cone.
intertropical convergence zone	The boundary zone separating the northeast trade winds of the Northern Hemisphere from the southeast trade winds of the Southern Hemisphere.
liquids	A sales product in liquid form produced as a result of further processing by the onshore plant; for example, condensate and LPG.
corrosion prevention	The halting or elimination of metal damage through use of protective methods and devices.
geophysics	The study the earth using physics and mathematics
headlands	A strip of land that juts seaward from the coastline
colloidal suspension	a method of sediment transport in which water turbulence (movement) supports the weight of the sediment particles, thereby keeping them from settling out or being deposited
hips	High-impact polystyrene.
administrative order	a legal document signed by U.S
abstract of title	A chronological history of the ownership of a tract of land.
saline water	Water containing more than 10,000 parts per million (ppm) of dissolved solids of any type
flood warning	This warning signifies a longer duration and more gradual flooding of counties, communities, streams, or urban areas
lcl	An acronym for Lifted Condensation Level.
pumping water level	The water level in a well when the pump is operating and water is being withdrawn.
payout	The amount of time it takes to recover the capital investment made on a well or drilling program.
dbz	A logarithmic expression for reflectivity factor, referenced to (1 mm6 / 1 m3)
tailings pond	An excavated or diked area that is intended to contain liquid and solid wastes from mining and milling operations.
tenner	a ten-dollar note; the sum of ten dollars.
system sendout	Total volume of gas delivered from the system in a specified period of time -- day, month, year.
fountain	Term used in many French speaking countries to describe the above-ground pump assembly.
detention time	the time required for a volume of water to pass through a tank at a given rate of flow; in storage reservoirs, the length of time water will be held before being used.
deknackered	castrated.
offer	An indication of willingness to sell a specified amount of a commodity at a specific price
freezing	the change of a liquid into a solid as temperature decreases
confined aquifer	an aquifer that is bound above and below by dense layers of rock and contains water under pressure
model	A mathematical representation of a process, system, or object developed to understand its behavior or to make predictions
full scale program	A DSM program that is available to all eligible customers within a utility's service territory.
sclerophyllous vegetation	Term used to describe drought resistant vegetation common in Mediterranean climates
plume	A buoyant mass of hot, partially molten mantle material that rises to the base of the lithosphere.
exercise	The procedure by which an option holder takes up the rights to the contract and is delivered a long (call) or short (put) futures position by the grantor at a fixed price.
burner head	The portion of the burner beyond the outlet end of the mixer tube which contains the ports.
gas chromatograph	an instrument that identifies the molecular composition and concentrations of various chemicals in water and soil samples.
topping-cycle plants	Energy systems which produce electricity first and heat as a by-product.
star	A self-luminous body held together by gravity and with a central temperature sufficient to liberate energy by nuclear fusion.
orange time	(Australian Rules football) three-quarter time.
alkali soil	(1) A soil having a high degree of alkalinity (pH of 8.5 or higher) or having a high exchangeable sodium content (15% or more of the exchange capacity) or both
carbon capture	use and storage (originated as a term in China) or (US DOE) carbon capture, utilisation and storage
nitrogen oxides	Consists of two gases nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
apia	Australian Pipeline Industry Association
dione	In Greek mythology, the mother of Aphrodite, and daughter of Zeus.
fault	fracture with size ranging from a rock mass to a part of the Earth crust and characterized by relative displacement of the two compartments located on each side of the plane of fracture
commodity costs	That part of the total cost of service which must be recovered through use of a commodity rate; i.e., a rate for each Mcf of gas sold
completion	sealing off access of undesireable water to the well bore by proper casing and/or cementing procedures.
plant protection gas	Minimum volumes required to prevent physical harm to the plant facilities or danger to plant personnel when such protection cannot be afforded through the use of an alternate fuel
flood plain	The surface or strip of relatively smooth land adjacent to a stream channel produced by the stream's erosion and deposition actions; the area covered with water when the stream overflows its banks at times of high water; it is built of alluvium carried by the stream during floods and deposited in the sluggish water beyond the influence of the swiftest current.
meteoroid	Meteoroids are tiny stones or pieces of metal that travel through space.
pay-packet	a packet or envelope containing an employee's wages.
tube settler	device using bundles of tubes to let solids in water settle to the bottom for removal by conventional sludge collection means
it's your pigeon	it's your responsibility.
demand side resources	Resources obtained through the implementation of DSM that may be used as an alternative to traditional supply-side resources.
kuku yalanji	an indigenous tribe of Cape Tribulation in Far North Queensland
idc	(Intangible Drilling Costs) All cost incurred in drilling a well other than equipment or leasehold
pennsylvanian period	The interval of geologic time from approximately 323 million to 290 million years ago
payoff	The point in time at which a well's operation begins to produce revenues.
crust	The outermost solid layer of the Earth or of similar bodies
transition zone	A zone of transitional saturations between water and gas, water and oil, or gas and oil.
high wind advisory	This product is issued by local National Weather Service Forecast Offices when high wind speeds may pose a hazard
2-psig gas piping system	A gas piping system that utilizes 2-psig pressure downstream of the point of delivery
amphoterite	This is the obsolete term used for the LL class of ordinary chondrites.
thermal	A relatively small-scale, rising air current produced when the Earth's surface is heated
fluviolacustrine	Sedimentary deposits formed by a combination of fluvial (river) and lacustrine (lake) conditions.
retirement frequency	See RETIREMENT DISPERSION.
exmouth gulf	the location of a highly productive prawn fishery (over 1000 tonnes per year)
hail	transparent or layered (ice and snow) balls or irregular lumps of solid water
alluvium	Material deposited in an alluvial environment.
versenate	A chemical substance used in water analysis for water hardness or with an indicator to colorimetrically measure hardness quality.
natural gas design stress	The estimated maximum tensile stress in the wall of the pipe in the circumferential orientation due to internal natural gas pressure that can be applied continuously with a high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe will not occur.
conchoidal	Used to describe a smoothly curving fracture surface of certain rocks and minerals that is either concave or convex.
bed	A naturally occurring layer of earth material of relatively greater horizontal than vertical extent that is characterized by physical properties different from those of overlying and underlying materials
cap	A cup-shaped fitting placed on the end of a pipe to seal the pipe, usually threaded on the inside and screwed over the end of the pipe
overlander	1
lithosphere	That part of the earth which is composed predominantly of rocks (either coherent or incoherent, and including the disintegrated rock materials known as soils and subsoils), together with everything in this rocky crust.
operator	Member of a joint venture designated to carry out all activities and operations on behalf of of the joint venture.
btx extraction	The process for removing benzene, toluene and xylene from reformate or pyrolysis gasoline.
digging stick	an Aboriginal food-gathering implement made from a piece of wood sharpened at both ends.
hummocky	Uneven; describing a terrain abounding in irregular knolls, mounds, or other small elevations.
mlcape	CAPE calculated using a parcel consisting of Mean Layer values of temperature and moisture from the lowest 100 mb above ground level.
commission	Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), or local public utility regulatory commission (PUC).
service stub	A piece of pipe connected to a main and usually extended to the curb line for the addition of a service.
wellhead completion	Final preparations in preparing the well to fulfill its intended function (eg
acid	In chemistry, a substance that may have a sour taste, makes blue litmus paper turn red, and can react with a base to make salt
overrunning	A weather pattern in which a relatively warm air mass is in motion above another air mass of greater density at the surface
reach	The length of a channel, uniform with respect to discharge, depth, area, and slope.
azimuth	A direction in terms of a 360° compass
anchor ice dam	An accumulation of anchor ice which acts as a dam and raises the water level.
potentiometric	The level to which water rises in a well drilled into a confined aquifer surface.
nonpoint source pollution	pollution originating from diffuse sources on the landscape
p-wave	The fastest of seismic waves, and thus the first to arrive at a location following an earthquake (the P stands for "primary")
x-rays	Very energetic electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths intermediate between 0.01 and 10 nanometers (0.1-100 Angstroms) or between gamma rays and ultraviolet radiation
jurassic period	The interval of geologic time between approximately 205.7 and 142 million years ago
flextime	this alternative work arrangement, flexible scheduling, allows an employee to work a non-traditional schedule to meet personal needs
cay	a small, low island or bank composed of sand and coral fragments (variant spelling and pronunciation of key, as in the Florida Keys).
environment	The aggregate of all surrounding conditions, influences, or forces affecting the life, development, and survival of an organism.
alluvion	a kind of accretion on riparian land by action of water which deposits sediment
vintage	The term used by FPC and FERC to indicate the period in which a gas sales contract was made and/or the date drilling was started on a well.
population density	The number of buildings or dwelling units within a class location unit of a pipeline.
flexible connector	A flexible tubing connecting a rigid pipe gas supply line to gas utilizing equipment.
wti	West Texas Intermediate, a type of crude oil commonly used as a price benchmark.
desalination	the process of removing salt from seawater or brackish water
system	A system is a set of interrelated components working together towards some kind of process.
species diversity	Number of different species in a given region.
drilling contract	An agreement made between a drilling company and an operating company to drill a well
property retired	As applied to plant, means property which has been removed, sold, abandoned, destroyed, or which for any cause has been withdrawn from service.
esturine zone	The area near the coastline that consists of estuaries and coastal saltwater wetlands.
mojave block	The tectonic region located between the Garlock fault and the San Andreas fault, and extending eastward roughly to the California-Arizona (and California-Nevada) border.
upslope fog	Fog produced by air flowing over topographic barriers
mop	Meeting of Parties to the Kyoto Protocol
outgassing	The release of gas from cooling molten rock or the interior of the Earth
domestic production	Oil and gas produced in the United States as opposed to imported product
gale warning	The National Weather Service will issue marine warnings for 1-minute sustained winds between 34 (39 mph) and 47 knots (54 mph) are expected at end of downwind fetch (nearshore or open waters).
bactericide	Term used to describe a product that stops the spread of bacteria.
actual depth of water	The charted depth plus the height of tide
thermal metamorphism	Is the metamorphic alteration of rock because of intense heat released from processes related to plate tectonics.
infiltration	The absorption and downward movement of water into the soil layer.
discharge	the amount of water flowing past a location in a stream/river in a certain amount of time - usually expressed in liters per second or gallons per minute
porosity	A measure of the number and size of the spaces between each particle in a rock
deed	The legal documents conveying title to a property.
transfer agent	Computershare Investor Services
conservation storage	Storage of water for later release for usual purposes such as municipal water supply, power, or irrigation in contrast with storage capacity used for flood control..
distributional limit	Spatial boundary that defines the edge of a species geographical range.
loop flow	The tendency of electricity to flow along the path of least resistance, which may not necessarily be the same as that intended in the contract between the two transmitting entities
semi-diurnal tide	Tides that have two high and two low waters per tidal period.
turbulence	Describes fluid motion disturbed from its average behavior by random fluctuations over a range of temporal and spatial scales.
adsorption	the attachment of gas molecules, ions, or solutions to the surface of solids
basin	A segment of the earth's crust which has been downwarped, usually for a considerable time
devisee	A person who receives property under the terms of a will.
calcium carbonate	CACO3 - a white precipitate that forms in water lines, water heaters and boilers in hard water areas; also known as scale.
ethanol	The two-carbon-atom alcohol present in the greatest proportion upon fermentation of grain and other renewable resources such as potatoes, sugar, or timber
graphite	A mineral form of carbon characterized by a flat sheet like crystalline structure
burger number	A dimensionless number comparing the buoyancy with Coriolis forces
cu	An acronym for cumulus.
wood waste	Fuel consisting of bark, shavings, sawdust and low-grade lumber and lumber rejects from the operation of pulp mills, sawmills and plywood mills.
roche limit	the smallest distance from a planet or other body at which purely gravitational forces can hold together a satellite or secondary body of the same mean density as the primary
additions to utility plant	a
top lease	A (conditional) type of lease that may be granted by the mineral-rights owner of a property while a lease that already exists on that property nears expiration, but is still in effect
coherent radar	A radar that utilizes both signal phase and amplitude to determine target characteristics (e.g., velocity, spectrum width).
temperature inversion	Situation where a layer of warmer air exists above the Earth's surface in a normal atmosphere where air temperature decreases with altitude
line vortex	Idealized vortex in which vorticity is zero everywhere except along a line in space where it is infinite
shadow minister	(of politics) a member of the main opposition party or parties in a parliament, who is a party spokesperson in an area matching the responsibility of a minister.
energy conservation practice	Actions or practices taken to reduce energy consumption.
bio-leaching	A process for recovering metals from low-grade ores by dissolving them in solution, the dissolution being aided by bacterial action.
flexible coupling	A mechanical connection between two pieces of machinery or two pipes to allow limited movement of the two parts relative to each other.
impurity	any component which causes another substance to become contaminated
department of energy	A
efficiency	Relating to heat, a percentage indicating the available Btu input to combustion equipment that is converted to useful purposes.
ultimate customer	The customer who purchases gas for consumption and not for resale purposes
oscar ranges	part of a 350-million-year-old, Devonian limestone reef
rift zone	See spreading center.
undercurrent	a current below the upper currents or surface of a fluid body.
cenozoic	An era of geologic time, from the beginning of the Tertiary period to the present
drilling permit	In states that regulate well spacing, a drilling permit is the authorization to drill at a specified location; a well permit.
reciprocating pump	A pump consisting of a piston that moves back and forth or up and down in a cylinder.
second-rate citizen	inferior person.
carbon/hydrogen ratio	The ratio, either on a weight or on a molecular basis, of carbon-to-hydrogen in a hydrocarbon material
slurry	a watery mixture of insoluble matter resulting from some pollution control techniques.
jv	Joint venture
carbamates	a class of new-age pesticides that attack the nervous system of organisms.
flood watch	This watch is issued by a local National Weather Service Office to indicate that there ia a potential of flooding in or close to the watch area
phase	A particular angular stage or point of advancement in a cycle; the fractional part of the angular period through which the wave has advanced, measured from the phase reference.
paste	scold, berate, beat or defeat soundly.
capacity	The power output rating of a generator, typically in megawatts, measured on an instantaneous basis.
positive displacement pump	Pump that delivers a constant volume of fluid per cycle of operation at whatever pressure is necessary, within the design limits of the mechanism of the pump.
tolerance range	Limits of tolerance a species has to an abiotic factor or condition in the environment.
noaaport broadcast system	This provides a one-way broadcast communication of NOAA environmental data and information in near-real time to NOAA and external users
foliation	Process where once randomly distributed platy minerals in a rock become reoriented, because of metamorphism, in a parallel manner.
revenue	Total revenue from operations, less sales and excise taxes, plus income from investments and any other pre-tax income.
stellar wind	the ejection of gas from the surface of a star
cross-sectional area	Area perpendicular to the direction of flow.
flexibility mechanism	The UK's flexibility mechanism, also known as the flex, is operated by Transco (British Gas) to make sure the amount of gas in the pipeline remains more or less constant at all times
aboriginals ordinance 1911	granted the Chief Protector greater powers in the care, custody or control over Aboriginal 'half-castes' wherever and whenever he judged it necessary
morphology	as used here, the external shape and arrangement of landforms.
littoral zone	area on or near the shore of a body of water.
water vapor	the gaseous state of water
depletion curve	That part of the hydrograph extending from the point of termination of the Recession Curve to the subsequent rise or alternation of inflow due to additional water becoming available for stream flow.
coma	A roughly spherical region of diffuse gas which surrounds the nucleus of a comet
supercompressibility factor	A factor used to account for the following effect: Boyle's law for gases states that the specific weight of a gas is directly proportional to the absolute pressure, the temperature remaining constant
river summary	A NWS summary of river and/or crest stages for selected forecast points along the river
combustion	Rapid chemical reaction of oxygen with fuel accompanied by the production of heat, or heat and light.
hectare	a metric unit of square measure, equal to 100 acres (2.471 acres).
ml	Multi-lateral
therm	A unit of heating value equal to 100,000 Btus, in common use in the UK
lech	lecher; debauched, lustful person.
work program	A schedule of works agreed between parties (permit holders, farminees and government) contracted to be delivered in a defined time frame.
payout	When the costs of drilling, producing and operating have been recouped (cost recovery) from the sale of products on a well.
distillate fuel oil	A term subject to a variety of definitions
extraterrestrial	Located or originating outside the Earth and its atmosphere
firm power	Electricity capacity intended to be available at all times during the period covered by a guaranteed commitment to deliver, even under adverse conditions, but subject to force majeure interruptions
stratigraphic test	A hole drilled to gather information about rock strata in an area.
pasturage	1
penny-bunger	a fire-cracker, generally banned from sale due to risk of injury to the user.
hellas	The Greek name for Greece.
laurasia	the Mesozoic northern supercontinent that was derived from Pangea
2011	San Juan Basin Royalty Trust
high btu gas	A term used to designate fuel gases having heating values of pipeline specification, i.e., greater than about 900 Btus per standard cubic foot.
orifice meter	See METER, ORIFICE.
foaming	In a boiler, the carry-over of slugs of water into the piping due to dirty water or overloading of the boiler
fob off	to do something wrong but avoid admitting it by blaming on someone or something else.
demand costs	That part of the total cost of service which must be recovered through use of a demand rate; i.e., a rate for each Mcf of gas representing the customer's demand on the Company's system.
satellite	A satellite is an object that moves around a larger object
well	A bored, drilled or driven shaft, or a dug hole whose depth is greater than the largest surface dimension
creditworthy	Your ability to qualify for credit and repay debts.
convergent lifting	The vertical lifting of parcels of air through the convergence of opposing air masses in the atmosphere
clay	Mineral particle with a size less than 0.004 millimeters in diameter
comma cloud	A synoptic scale cloud pattern with a characteristic comma-like shape, often seen on satellite photographs associated with large and intense low-pressure systems.
attenuation	The reduction that occurs in contaminant concentrations during transport through soil or rock.
point source	Source of pollution that originates from a single point, such as an outflow pipe from a factory.
humboldt current	Same as Peru current.
cfu	colony forming units. Concentrations of water quality indicator organisms such as fecal coliform bacteria are measured in cfu/100 ml.
reedbed	A natural or cultivated wetland with actively growing reeds
precession of the equinox	Wobble in the Earth's polar axis
detergent	synthetic washing agent that helps remove dirt and oil
trihalomethanes	chemical compounds in which three of the four hydrogen atoms of methane (CH4) are replaced by halogen atoms
saturation	The relative amount of water, oil and gas in the pores of a rock, usually as a percentage of volume.
folding	deformation process of the geologic beds giving way to folds structures.
tidal current tables	Tables which give daily predictions of the times and speeds of the tidal currents
homogenous aquifer	an aquifer that has similar forms or characteristics throughout, such as a uniform gravel aquifer
water quality standards	laws or regulations, promulgated under Section 303 of the Clean Water Act, that consist of the designated use or uses of a waterbody or a segment of a waterbody and the water quality criteria that are necessary to protect the use or uses of that particular waterbody
feedback loop	Process where the output of a system causes positive or negative changes to some measured component of the system.
pyroclastic texture	The unsorted, angular, and un-rounded texture of the fragments in a pyroclastic rock.
inundation	covering over or flooding, such as flood waters covering a valley
cone of depression	The zone around a well in an unconfined aquifer that is normally saturated, but becomes unsaturated when the well is pumped.
amorphous	Devoid of crystallinity
wave length	LONGSHORE: Parallel and close to the COASTLINE.
electric energy	Available heat in electricity; one kilowatt hour equals 3,412.97 Btu.
common carriage	The obligation to carry, for a fee, gas that belongs to another party
assumption of mortgage	The taking of title to property by a grantee wherein he assumes liability for payment of an existing note secured by a mortgage or deed of trust against the property.
pleistocene	The Pleistocene Epoch is the name of the time interval that occurred between about 2 million to 10,000 years ago and was characterized by extensive continental glaciation
validation	1
hydrostatic pressure	Force caused by water under pressure.
bank stability	occurs when the channel bank configuration does not change significantly over time.
jisc	The UN's Joint Implementation Supervisory Committee.
photogrammetry	The science of using aerial photographs and other remote sensing imagery to obtain measurements of natural and human-made features on the Earth.
area forecast discussion	This National Weather Service product is intended to provide a well-reasoned discussion of the meteorological thinking which went into the preparation of the Zone Forecast Product
absolute dating	the process of determining a specific date (in years or some other unit of time) for an archaeological, geological or paleontological site or artifact.
escape	entry, or passage of something through a breach or flaw
saturated air	Air containing all the water vapor it can hold at its temperature and pressure.
inquiry	A request for a copy of your credit report
water table	That surface in an unconfined aquifer at which the pressure is atmospheric
fuel oil	See Heating oil.
gleam in eye	(have a...) to have a look of humour or mischief about (one).
marsh	an area periodically inundated and treeless and often characterized by grasses, cattails, and other monocotyledons
biomass	The total dry mass of an animal or plant population.
oil majors	Oil majors are also known as major international oil companies
condensate	The liquid resulting when a vapor is subjected to cooling or application of pressure
common plant	Utility plant used by a combination utility company (i.e., one which renders more than one utility service, such as gas and electric) to such extent and in such manner as to render segregation impractical, as would be the case of a garage housing gas utility and electric utility trucks.
groundwater	Water which occurs in the soil or rocks below the ground surface and which is free to flow.
furnace	When used in a central heating system, this is a self-contained appliance for heating air by transfer of heat of combustion through metal to the air.
convertible interest	An interest (usually a non-cost-bearing interest) that may, at the option of the owner or on specified date or owner occurrence be changed into another type of interest (usually a cost bearing interest)
vadose zone	A subsurface zone in which rock openings are generally unsaturated and filled partly with air and partly with water; above the saturated zone.
ecotone	a transition zone between two distinctly different ecosystems or communities.
trade winds	The winds that occupy most of the tropics and blow from subtropical highs to the equatorial low.
a/f	Abbreviation for anti-freeze, one of the larger end-uses of monoethylene glycol.
stripper well	The final state in the life of a producing well.
product resolution	The smallest spatial increment or data element that is distinguishable in a given Doppler radar product.
conjunction	The situation of two celestial bodies with the same celestial longitude (the angular distance measured east of the vernal equinox along the ecliptic); for example, conjunction occurs when the moon and the sun are directly in line with the earth and the moon is between the earth and the sun.
dielectric strength	The voltage that will rupture or puncture the material when placed between electrodes of a given size.
oblique aerial photograph	Photograph taken from a non-perpendicular angle from a platform in the atmosphere.
herbs	(of a car) speed; performance; power.
moisture advection	Transport of moisture by horizontal winds.
parking	Providing a customer with temporary gas storage, typically at a market hub.
hit the ton	reach one hundred, either in a score or in speed.
onshore-offshore transport	The up and down movement of sediment roughly perpendicular to a shoreline because of wave action.
exploratory well	A hole drilled: a) to find and produce oil or gas in an area previously considered unproductive area; b) to find a new reservoir in a known field, i.e., one previously producing oil and gas from another reservoir, or c) to extend the limit of a known oil or gas reservoir.
capillarity	the process by which water rises through rock, sediment or soil caused by the cohesion between water molecules and an adhesion between water and other materials that "pulls" the water upward
effluent stream	Any watercourse in which all, or a portion of the water volume came from the Phreatic zone, or zone of saturation by way of groundwater flow, or baseflow.
oceanic trench	Deep steep-sided depression in the ocean floor caused by the subduction of oceanic crust beneath either other oceanic crust or continental crust.
fracture	The term fracture is used on this site to refer to a parting in a rock
air rights	The rights vested by a grant of an estate in real property to build upon, occupy, or use, in the manner and degree permitted, all or any portion of space above the ground or any other stated elevation within vertical planes.
tight hole	A well about which information is restricted and passed only to those authorized, for security and competitive reasons.
contract storage service	A service provided by a pipeline, or other owner of storage facilities, whereby storage customers may lease a portion of the facilities for the purposes of storing customer-owned gas
giggling gerty	woman given to giggling, behaving in a silly, giggling manner.
atlantic-seaboard classification method	A method of classifying costs as demand or commodity costs promulgated by the FPC in Opinion 225, April 25, 1952
subtropical high pressure zone	Surface zone of atmospheric high pressure located at about 30° North and South latitude
baseflow	Streamflow which results from precipitation that infiltrates into the soil and it eventually moves through the soil to the stream channel.
schiaparelli	Giovanni Virginio Schiaparelli (1835-1910)
metamorphic rock	A rock that has been altered physically, chemically, and mineralogically in response to strong changes in temperature, pressure, shearing stress, and underground water
paleosol	A soil exhibiting features that are the result of some past conditions and processes.
shadow cabinet	(of politics) a group of members from the main opposition party (or coalition of parties) in the Parliament
convertible securities	Securities which are convertible into other classes of securities (usually common stock) of the same corporation at the option of the security holder, but only in accordance with prescribed conditions.
drill string	The long assembly of drill bit, drill collars and many lengths of pipe that is turned by the rotary table and cuts through the rock.
short	Traders are said to be short when they have contracted to sell more than they contracted to buy.
pressure	Is defined as the force acting on a surface from another mass per unit area.
partial-duration flood series	A list of all flood peaks that exceed a chosen base stage or discharge, regardless of the number of peaks occurring in a year.
on the pump	A phrase used in reference to a well that no longer flows from natural reservoir energy by is produced by means of a pump.
basic rock	Any igneous rock containing mafic mineral rich in iron and magnesium, but containing no quartz and little sodium rich plagioclase feldspar.
cirrus clouds	High altitude cloud composed of ice crystals
thermometer	Device used to measure temperature.
heat lightning	Lightning that occurs at a distance such that thunder is no longer audible.
resilience	the ability of an ecosystem to maintain or restore biodiversity, biotic integrity, and ecological structure and processes following disturbance.
senior priority water right	see Junior Priority Water Right
tear a tinnie	drink a beer.
evergreen	remaining popular through the years: e.g., Elvis Presley will always be an evergreen.
pressure regulating station	Equipment installed for the purpose of automatically reducing and regulating the pressure in the downstream pipeline or main to which it is connected
escarpment	the topographic expression of a fault.
candlesticks	A Japanese charting system which maps the open- high-low-and close of periodic price movements
southeast trade winds	See trade winds.
synoptic scale	Scale of geographic coverage used on daily weather maps to describe large scale atmospheric phenomenon (for example, mid-latitude cyclone, air masses, fronts, and hurricanes).
en suite	a bathroom leading off a bedroom.
heathy woodlands	in Victoria are known for their diverse ground floras, particularly of terrestrial orchids, and are communities in which the importance of maintaining natural ecological processes through appropriate fire regimes is recognised
hard hat	A hard helmet worn by oilfield workers to minimize the danger of being injured by falling objects.
swody1	The Day 1 Severe Weather Outlook outlines areas in the continental United States where severe thunderstorms may develop during the next 6 to 30 hours
veering wind	Wind which changes in a clockwise direction with time at a given location (e.g., from southerly to westerly), or which change direction in a clockwise sense with height (e.g., southeasterly at the surface turning to southwesterly aloft)
grid	The layout of an electrical transmission system or a synchronized transmission network
front	Transition zone between air masses with different weather characteristics.
baroclinic wave	Describes the synoptic scale disturbance that grows in mid-latitudes due to baroclinic instability.
tweb	Acronym for Transcribed WEather Broadcast.
pastureland	(see: pasturage).
temperate deciduous forest	Forested biome found in the mid-latitudes and dominated by deciduous vegetation.
igneous rock	Rocks formed by solidification of molten magma either beneath (intrusive igneous rock) or at (extrusive igneous rocks) the Earth's surface.
building envelope	The walls, doors, windows and roof that separates the inside of a building from the outside.
basin	A depression in the earth’s crust in which sedimentary materials have accumulated
hydraulic head	The level to which water rises in a well with reference to a datum such as sea level.
christmas tree	Valves, pipes, and fittings assembled at the top of a completed well used to control the flow of oil and gas
bromeliad	Plants of the bromeliad family (Bromeliaceae)
euchre	1
transport wind	The average wind over a specified period of time within a mixed layer near the surface of the earth.
solar wind	Mass of ionized gas emitted to space by the Sun
host	Organism that develops disease from a pathogen or is being feed on by a parasite.
drilling head	Rotation of the drilling bit for penetration.
dispersal	An organism leaving its place or birth or activity for another location.
atmospheric pressure	A force over a given area that is caused by the weight of an atmosphere.
sediment	Rock debris commonly produced by mechanical or chemical weathering processes.
subsidence	sinking of the land surface due to a number of factors, of which groundwater extraction is one
adminidtrator	A person appointed by the court to manage and settle the estate of a deceased person who has left no will.
doh	Development and Operations Hydrologist.
forfeited water right	a water right canceled because of several consecutive years of nonuse.
flat-footed	1
radiator	A heating unit which transfers heat by radiation to objects within visible range and by conduction to the surrounding air which, in turn, is circulated by natural convection; a so-called radiator is also a convector, but the term radiator has been established by long usage.
conus	An acronym for Continental United States.
regression	This is the method of working out the relationship between two variables.
assets	All valuable things owned by a person, corporation, or other entity, encumbered or not.
organic soil	Soil order (type) of the Canadian System of Soil Classification
devil to pay	serious trouble or consequences to face.
srf	funding, in the form of loans, available for the control of point and nonpoint source pollution
pressure gradient force	A three-dimensional force vector operating in the atmosphere that accelerates air parcels away from regions of high pressure and toward regions of low pressure in response to an air pressure gradient
boreal forest	High to mid-latitude biome dominated by coniferous forest
regulator vent	An atmospheric connection to the diaphragm of the regulator.
stabilizer	An ingredient used in the formulation of some plastics, to assist in maintaining the physical and chemical properties of the compounded materials at their initial values throughout the processing and service life of the material.
gbp	British Pound
geologist	Scientist whose duties consist of obtaining and interpreting data dealing with the earth’s history and its life, especially as recorded in rocks
shooting rights	Permission to conduct geological and geophysical activity only, without the option to acquire lease acreage.
professor of naval science	PPG: Policy & Procedures Guide.
high commission	an embassy from one Commonwealth country to another.
gouge-pipe	A groove or scooped out cavity damage to pipe caused by a foreign object.
box	Slang for a severe thunderstorm or tornado watch
nonfirm gas	Gas which is not required to be delivered or not required to be taken under the terms of a gas purchase contract.
proportional	Cause and effect relationship between two variables where a positive or negative change in the quantity of one causes a predictable similar quantity change in the other.
farm-in	Transfer of a percentage of an oil or gas permit held by the farminor in return for (partial or complete) delivery of the work program by the farminee(s)
green belt	A ring of countryside around a town or city where development is limited by strict planning regulations and largely used for agriculture, forestry and outdoor leisure
gas day	A period of twenty-four (24) consecutive hours commencing at a specified hour on a given calendar day and ending at the same specified hour on the next succeeding calendar day.
fall	The designation given to a meteorite that was observed as it came through the Earth's atmosphere and that was retrieved soon afterward.
clastic	Said of rocks composed of particles of other rocks or minerals, including broken organic hard parts as well as rock substances of any sort, transported and deposited by wind, water, ice, or gravity.
wave	A moving swell or ridge on the surface of a solid or liquid or within the medium of a gas
damper	A valve, or plate, used to regulate the flow of air or other gases.
littoral transport	The process of sediment moving along a coastline
sewerage	the entire system of sewage collection, treatment, and disposal.
dig in deeper	become more stubborn, firm: e.g., Every time I try to reason with him he digs in deeper.
producing zone	The interval of rock actually producing oil or gas.
inclination	a measure of the tilt of a planet's orbital plane in relation to that of the Earth.
millibar	Unit of atmospheric pressure
groundwater law	the common law doctrine of riparian rights and the doctrine of prior appropriation as applied to ground water.
pressure base	The standard pressure used in determining a gas volume, expressed in terms of pounds of pressure per square inch, usually 14.73 psia.
sub	A short piece of pipe used to connect parts of the drilling string that could not otherwise be connected due to differences in thread size or design.
chromatogram	The recorder chart response to an analysis of a gas air mixture
lagging	Asbestos and magnesia plaster used on process equipment and piping as a thermal insulation.
the trust	The principal asset of the San Juan Basin Royalty Trust (the Trust) consists of a 75% net overriding royalty interest (the Royalty) carved out of certain oil and gas leasehold and royalty interests (the Underlying Properties) in properties located in the San Juan Basin of northwestern New Mexico.
drought	although there is no universally accepted definition of drought, it is generally the term applied to periods of less than average precipitation over a certain period of time
thermally actuated valve	An automatic valve which utilizes the heat generated by the resistance of an electrical component in opening or closing the valve.
exchange transactions	In a gas exchange between two parties, gas is received from (or delivered to) the first party in exchange for gas delivered to (or received from) the second party
rpb	See Regional Planning Board.
meridian	A circular arc that meets at the poles and connects all places of the same longitude.
shower	It implies short duration, intermittent, and scattered precipitation (rain, snow, ice pellet) of a more unstable, convective nature.
aborigines act 1984	short name for the Community Services Act 1984 (Qld).
spread	An option trade in which two or more open positions are established in order to trade the differentials and offset risk
knock-over	1
irregular galaxy	a galaxy with no spiral structure and no symmetric shape
esker	A long, narrow, often curving ridge or mound of sand, gravel and boulders deposited by a stream flowing on, within or beneath a stagnant glacier.
virulence	Degree of ability to cause disease.
lfc	An acronym for Level of Free Convection.
liabilities	Your debts and other monetary obligations.
epicenter	The epicenter is the point on the Earth's surface directly above the place that an earthquake occured.
thermometer	An instrument for measuring temperature.
indirect-fired	A heater in which combustion products do not come in contact with the material to be heated; heating of the material is accomplished by radiation or conduction from the heated surfaced
annular space	The diameter of the hole drilled to place a well casing
alluvial	relating to, composed of, or found in alluvium.
conservation supply curve	A graph showing the quantity of energy savings of individual efficiency measures on the x-axis and the total cost per unit of energy saved on the y-axis.
nomination	A request for a physical quantity of gas under a specific purchase, sales or transportation agreement or for all contracts at a specific point
river gage	A device for measuring the river stage.
brine	highly salty and heavily mineralized water containing heavy metal and organic contaminants.
flash point	The lowest temperature under very specific conditions at which a combustible liquid will give off sufficient vapor to form a flammable mixture with air in a standardized vessel
continental shelf	The zone around the continents extending from the low-water mark seaward to where there is a marked increase in slope to greater depths.
ponding	In flat areas, runoff collects, or ponds in depression and cannot drain out
levee	Any naturally produced low ridge, but usually built of sand and silt by a stream on its floodplain.
chart datum	reference station
losing stream	Stream that loses water to the zone of saturation.
threshold runoff	The runoff in inches from a rain of specified duration that causes a small stream to slightly exceed bankfull
watt hour	An electrical energy unit of measure equal to 1 watt of power supplied to, or taken from, an electric circuit steadily for 1 hour.
avigation easement	The right granted by a land owner to an airport to use airspace above a specified height for the flight of aircraft
sea eagles	Manly Warringah New South Wales Rugby League football team.
col	Saddle like depression found between two mountain peaks
fuel gas	A quantity of gas required by a transporter to provide the transportation service
eora people	the coastal Aborigines around Sydney
test period	A period of time extending nine months beyond the end of the Base Period
tragedy of the commons	the idea that no one takes responsibility for things that everybody owns.
follow in wake	1
wire weight gage	A river gage comprised of a weight which is lowered to the water level
capacitor	A transmission element designed to inject reactive power into the transmission network
apt	Ammonium paratungstate
differential motion	Cloud motion that appears to differ relative to other nearby cloud elements, e.g
storm relative	Measured relative to a moving thunderstorm, usually referring to winds, wind shear, or helicity.
synthetic natural gas	A descriptive term used interchangeably with SNG and Substitute Natural Gas
credit	The ability of a person to borrow money, or obtain goods with payments over time, as a consequence of the favorable opinion held by a lender as to the person's financial situation and reliability.
speleothem	Asecondary mineral deposit formed within a cave, such as stalactites and stalagmites.
go-devil	See PIG.
groundwater	water under ground, such as in wells, springs and aquifers
greenhouse effect	The greenhouse effect causes the atmosphere to trap more heat energy at the Earth's surface and within the atmosphere by absorbing and re-emitting longwave energy
swell	Wind-generated waves that have traveled out of their generating area
gross primary productivity	Total amount of chemical energy fixed by the processes of photosynthesis.
sand dune	A hill or ridge of aeolian sand deposits with a minimum height of less than one meter and a maximum height of about 50 meters
obliquity	Tilt of the Earth's polar axis as measured from the perpendicular to the plane of the Earth's orbit around the Sun
pluton	A large body of intrusive igneous rock that solidified within the crust
density current	A flow of water maintained by gravity through a large body of water, such as a reservoir or lake, and retaining its unmixed identity because of a difference in density.
low tide	See low water.
hurricane watch	An announcement that hurricane conditions (sustained winds of 74 mph/119 km/h or higher) are possible within the specified coastal area
spread	The difference between two prices, either across time or between commodities or instruments.
kunjen	together with the Olkola, the Kunjen clan is known as part of the 'Top End Mob'
on pump	A phrase used in reference to a well that does not flow from natural reservoir energy but is produced by means of a pump
ecology	The study of the factors that influence the distribution and abundance of species.
staff gage	A vertical staff graduated in appropriate units which is placed so that a portion of the gage is in the water at all times
antipodal point	The opposite point with respect to any given point.
fluviatile	Belonging to a river, produced by river action; growing or living in freshwater rivers.
antilles current	An ocean current, the northern branch of the north equatorial current flowing along the northern side of the Great Antilles carrying water that is identical with that of the Sargasso Sea
flash language	the low slang of the criminal, a term brought from England by the earliest convicts.
nutrient cycle	The cycling of a single element by various abiotic and biotic processes through the various stores found in the biosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.
specific humidity	In a system of moist air, the ratio of the mass of water vapor to the total mass of the system.
oil column	The vertical height (thickness) of an oil accumulation above the oil-water contact.
calorie	amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius.
syzygy	The two points in the moon's orbit when the moon is in conjunction or opposition to the sun relative to the earth; time of new moon or full moon in the cycle of phases.
groundwater	Water contained in saturated soil and rock materials below the surface of the ground.
abandonment	Converting a drilled well to a condition that can be left indefinitely without further attention and will not damage freshwater supplies, potential petroleum reservoirs, or the environment.
climate	Generalized weather at a given place on earth over a fairly long period (usually decades); a long term average of weather
flame	An ordinarily visible condition resulting from the rapid oxidation of a fuel which produces self-evident heat, light, or both.
btu	British thermal unit
geology	The scientific study of the planet Earth, including its history as recorded in rocks
input	Addition of matter, energy, or information to a system
leak detector	A device for identifying and locating a gas leak.
ultimate reservoir capacity	Total volume of gas within a reservoir which exerts a pressure from 0 pounds per square inch gauge pressure to the maximum or ultimate reservoir gauge pressure.
pipeline gas	Gas under enough pressure to enter the high-pressure gas lines of a purchaser; gas in which enough liquid hydrocarbons have been removed so that such liquids will not condense in the transmission lines.
continental deserts	Located in continental interior far from moisture-bearing winds.
humidity	The entrained weight of water per unit weight of moisture-free gas or air.
coliform	a group of bacteria used as indicators of microbiological contamination
cohenite	An iron nickel carbide mineral found in some iron meteorites.
contract request	A customer request for transportation or sales service.
interfacial tension	the strength of the film separating two immiscible fluids (e.g., oil and water) measured in dynes per, or millidynes per, centimeter.
bottoms	The liquid or other residual matter that is withdrawn from the bottom of a fractionator or other vessel during processing or while in storage; also, the heaviest product remaining in the liquid phase after distillation.
expiry	The date by which an option holder must decide whether to exercise or abandon an option.
magnetic declination	The horizontal angle between true north and magnetic north or true south and magnetic south.
coal rank	Classification of coal based on carbon content and fuel value.
erg	a cgs unit of energy equal to work done by a force of 1 dyne acting over a distance of 1 cm
spud or spudding in	Commencement of actual drilling of well
environment	Sum of all external conditions affecting the life, development, and survival of an organism.
gross secondary productivity	Total amount of chemical energy assimilated by consumer organisms.
rathole	Extra hole drilled at the end of the well (beyond the last zone of interest) to ensure that the zone of interest can be fully evaluated
cd conversions	The conversion of a portion or all of a firm sales customer's contract demand to firm transportation
capacity	Your ability to make your mortgage payments on time
depression storage	The volume of water contained in natural depressions in the land surface, such as puddles.
heating degree-days	A unit measuring the extent to which the outdoor mean daily dry-bulb temperature (average of maximum and minimum) falls below 18o Celsius for each calendar day on which such deficiency occurs
ephemeral watercourse	a stream whose channel lies above the water table, and that flows only during or immediately after periods of precipitation.
lithification	The process of turning loose sediment into a sedimentary rock
meander bend	a windings or sinuous section of a stream channel
volcano	A feature in the Earth's crust through which molten magma, volcanic ashes and hot gases escape
brachiopoda	Brachiopoda (or “lamp-shells”) are marine invertebrates that live exclusively in shallow, marine-to-brackish (mixed salt and fresh) water
terrace	An elevated surface above the existing level of a floodplain or shore that is created by stream or ocean wave erosion.
net primary productivity	Total amount of chemical energy fixed by the processes of photosynthesis minus the chemical energy lost through respiration.
workover	The re-entry of a well in order to affect a repair or modification.
tasmanian west bioregion	perhumid cold lowlands, low hills and low ranges, comprising most of coastal and inland western Tasmania
due diligence	In an offering of securities, certain parties who are responsible for the accuracy of the offering document, have an obligation to perform a "due diligence" examination of the issuer; issuer's counsel, underwriter of the security, brokerage firm handling the sale of the security
photosphere	Visible surface of Sun from which radiant energy is release.
foofer valve	an undesignated part of the body or some machine or engine that is prone to breaking down.
sales level	The sales volume being applied to the cost of service to develop rates
industrial relations commission	deals the functions of setting award wages, and the terms and conditions of employment
jokulhlaup	An Icelandic term meaning glacier dammed lake outburst flood.
spud	The small cap or plug, with an orifice through it, that admits gas into the mixing chamber of a burner
spring	A place where ground water flows naturally from the earth into a body of surface water or onto the land surface, at a rate sufficient to form a current.
curb box	A vertical tube, capped at ground level, and usually located near the street, that protects access to the underground shut-off valves on service lines to residential and small commercial customers
resolution	The degree to which a radar distinguishes detail in a spatial pattern.
fissile material	Any element containing an isotope with nuclei capable of undergoing fission as a result of interaction with slow neutrons in a nuclear reactor
devonian reef system	an ancient barrier reef developed during the Devonian Period, about 350 million years ago
glacier	Bodies of land ice that consist of recrystallized snow accumulated on the surface of the ground, and that move slowly downslope.
knock-back	1
subpolar glacier	Glacier in which the ice found from the its surface to base has a temperature as cold as -30° Celsius throughout the year
mortgage note	A written agreement to repay a loan that is secured by a mortgage
physical weathering	breaking down of parent rock into bits and pieces by exposure to temperature and changes and the physical action of moving ice and water, growing roots, and human activities such as farming and construction
producer	An organism that can synthesize the organic nutrients in requires for growth through processes like photosynthesis.
mean	Statistical measure of central tendency in a set of data
transverse bands	Bands of clouds oriented perpendicular to the flow in which they are embedded
tornado family	A series of tornadoes produced by a single supercell, resulting in damage path segments along the same general line.
mariculture	cultivation of fish and shellfish in estuarine and coastal areas
reservoir energy	The amount of energy available in a gas or oil reservoir for producing the gas or oil by natural flow.
private placement offering	An investment offering not intended for the general public.
oxygenated gasoline	Gasoline containing more oxygen than pre-1990s formulation
headland	a cliffed or steep land projecting into the sea.
derd	Abbreviation for Directorate of Engine Research and Development
diversion	The taking of water from a stream or other body of water into a canal, pipe, or other conduit.
ginger	bum; buttocks: e.g
nimbostratus	A dark, gray cloud characterized by more or less continuously falling precipitation
dutchman	A filler-piece used to close a gap between two pieces of pipe or between a pipe or fitting and a piece of equipment where the pipe is too short to effect the closure or where the pipe and equipment may be out of alignment.
gas imbalance	a
lecky	electric.
eligible market	The subset of the total market that is allowed to participate in a utility's DSM program based on eligibility criteria.
carbonates	the collective term for the natural inorganic chemical compounds related to carbon dioxide that exist in natural waterways.
snow stake	A 1¾" square, semi-permanent stake, marked in inch increments to measure snow depth.
contour interval	Difference in elevation between two successive contour lines
tidal difference	The difference in time or height of a high or low water between a subordinate station and a reference station
long waves	INLET: (1) A narrow strip of water running into the land or between islands
syndication expenses	The expenditures incurred by a partnership in connection with issuing and marketing interests in an investment plus fees of the issuer for securities and tax advice, accounting fees for audits and other representations included in the offering memorandum, registration (with the Securities and Exchange Commission of the Federal government and with pertinent state government agencies), brokerage fees, and printing costs of the offering memorandum and various promotional materials.
cathodic protection	Method used to minimise rate of electrochemical corrosion of structures, for example, installations offshore, pipelines and storage tanks.
prime mover	The engine, turbine, water wheel or similar machine that drives an electric generator; or, for reporting purposes, a device that converts energy to electricity
isopleth	A line on a weather map connecting constant thickness (layer of atmosphere).
length	A piece of pipe of the length delivered from the mill
frac job	A method of stimulating a well by pumping liquid under high pressure into the reservoir to fracture the reservoir rock with the aim of improving the well flow rate.
isotropic	Exhibiting properties with the same values in all directions.
abyssal plain	Large area of extremely flat ocean floor lying near a continent and generally over 4 km in depth.
konk	the nose.
reproduction cost	See COST, REPRODUCTION.
tanker	Ocean going ship designed for carrying crude oil and other liquid products.
area of influence	The area covered by the drawdown curves of a given pumping well or combination of wells at a particular time.
net revenue	That revenue available from the sale of oil and gas after royalties and (NRI) operating costs, including taxes.
show	An indication of oil or gas observed and recorded during the drilling of a well.
pvr	Plant Volume Reduction
frigophobia	The fear of the cold and cold things.
doe	U.S
animal unit	A measure of numbers of livestock equivalent to a mature cow
storage	reduce the risk associated with buying or selling credits for sequestered CO2, and help satisfy regulators and local government officials who must approve large sequestration projects
confined space	Any space not intended for continuous employee occupancy, having a limited means of egress.
capture zone	The land area that contributes ground water to or recharges a pumping well.
integrating device	A mechanism designed to automatically correct a gas-volume-related input to some predetermined base conditions.
mogas	Used in some markets as a substitute term for gasoline.
ecological diversity	See ecosystem diversity.
atmosphere	The gaseous envelope surrounding the earth, composed primarily of nitrogen and oxygen.
weather map	Map that displays the condition of the physical state of the atmosphere and its circulation at a specific time over a region of the Earth.
foliar leaching	Process in which water from precipitation removes plant nutrients from the surface of leaves.
condensation nuclei	Microscopic particle of dust, smoke or salt that allows for condensation of water vapor to water droplets in the atmosphere
gasket	Any material (such as paper, cork, asbestos, stainless steel or other types of metal or rubber) used to seal two essentially stationary surfaces.
drainage area	of a stream at a specified location is that area, measured in a horizontal plane, enclosed by a topographic divide from which direct surface runoff from precipitation normally drains by gravity into the stream above the specified location.
recorder	That part of an automatic tide gauge that records the height and time of tide
long	Traders are said to be long when they have contracted to buy more of a commodity or instrument than they have contracted to sell.
moisture content	the amount of water lost from soil upon drying to a constant weight, expressed as the weight per unit of dry soil or as the volume of water per unit bulk volume of the soil.
brine	A strong saline solution such as common salt and water cooled by a refrigerant and used for the transmission of heat without a change in its state, having no flash point or a flash point above 150 degrees Fahrenheit.
devon	a large bland sausage, eaten cold.
isobaric process	Any thermodynamic change of state of a system that takes a place at constant pressure.
stratum	A tabular or sheet-like mass, or a single, distinct layer of material of any thickness, separable from other layers above and below by a discrete change in character of the material or by a sharp physical break, or by both
direct tide	A gravitational solar or lunar tide in the ocean or atmosphere which is in phase with the apparent motions of the attracting body, and consequently has its local maxima directly under the tide-producing body and on the opposite side of the earth
tefl	teaching of English as a foreign language.
paleozoic	An era of geologic time, from the end of the Precambrian to the beginning of the Mesozoic, or from about 543 to about 248 million years ago.
water quality	the condition of water as it relates to impurities
caldera	The Spanish word for cauldron, a basin-shaped volcanic depression; by definition, at least a mile in diameter
flash gas	Gas resulting from the process of gas liquefaction.
spectrum	Is a graph that describes the quantity of radiation that is emitted from a body at particular wavelengths.
enhanced oil recovery	Injection of water, steam, gases or chemicals into underground reservoirs to cause oil to flow toward producing wells, permitting more recovery than would have been possible from natural pressure or pumping alone.
anticyclone	An area of high pressure around which the wind blows clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere
impedance	The opposition in an electrical circuit to the flow of alternating current (AC).
finite difference	a method of solving the governing equations of a numerical model by dividing the spatial domain into a mesh of nodes
joint operating agreement	A detailed written agreement between the working interest owners of a property which specifies the terms according to which that property shall be developed.
dam	a structure of earth, rock, or concrete designed to form a basin and hold water back to make a pond, lake, or reservoir.
mesophyte	Plants that have moderate water requirements.
demand load	The rate of flow of gas required by a consumer or a group of consumers, often an average over a specified short time interval (cf/hr or Mcf/hr)
mass curve	A graph of the cumulative values of a hydrologic quantity (such as precipitation or runoff), generally as ordinate, plotted against time or date.
nonpoint source	Source of water pollution that originates from a broad area, such as agricultural chemicals, applied to fields, or acid rain.
slug flow	A fluid-flow condition in producing wells in which large bubbles of the lighter fluid move upward faster than small ones and aggregate to form larger bubbles or slugs which reach pipe diameter.
water holding capacity	The storage capacity (or ability) of a soil to hold water.
ago	Atmospheric gasoil.
glossary of terms	Aggregate Monthly Distribution
qpfhsd	NCEP Heavy Snow Discussion.
wavelength	Distance between two successive wave crests or troughs.
economic benefit	a gain that can be measured in dollars
carpet snake	(see: carpet python).
polar easterlies	Winds that originate at the polar highs and blow to the subpolar lows in a east to west direction.
bay-mouth bar	A narrow deposit of sand and/or gravel found across the mouth of a bay.
grain	A mineral or rock particle measuring less than a few millimeters across, such as sand
fault	A crack or fracture in the earth's crust.
soil texture/texture class	Soil texture is used to describe the particle size distribution of those particles in a mass of soil that are less than 2 mm in diameter
internal wave	See internal gravity wave.
potential temperature	In oceanography, the temperature that a water sample would attain if raised adiabatically to the sea surface
accretion	process of particles sticking together to form larger bodies; for example, solar nebular dust accreted to form chondrules, and planetesimals accreted to form planets.
drilling fund	The generic term employed to describe a variety of organizations established to attract venture capital to oil and gas exploration and development
joint venture	Typically abbreviates to JV.
drawdown	Change in water level due to an external stress such as pumping
frost/freeze advisory	This product is issued by the National Weather Service when freezing temperatures or conditions conducive to the formation of frost occur during the growing season.
secondary production or recovery	Oil and gas obtained by the augmentation of reservoir energy; often by the injection of air, gas, or water into a production information
abutter	A person whose property abuts, is contiguous, or joins at a border or boundary; where no other land, road or street intervenes.
stratocumulus	It has globular masses or rolls unlike the flat, sometimes definite, base of stratus
pyritic	Rock in which pyrite is found is said to be pyritic
in-situ stripping	treatment system that removes or strips volatile organic compounds from contaminated groundwater or surface water by forcing an air stream through the water and causing the compounds to evaporate.
enhanced oil recovery	Refers to a variety of secondary and tertiary recovery processes to increase the amount of oil removed from a reservoir, typically by injecting a liquid (e.g., water, surfactant) or gas (e.g., nitrogen, carbon dioxide).
well head	A particular well site location, as differentiated from other well site locations, that exist in the same water system.
renewable source	A power source that is continuously or cyclically renewed by nature
mean high water	A tidal datum.The average of all the high water heights observed over the National Tidal Datum Epoch
iron underpants	(of women) girdles; step-ins; figure-control underpants.
hide nor hair	any sign of; any clue to.
hydrograph	A graphical plot of changes in elevation of water or flow of water with respect to time.
gin's piss	beer deemed to be of inferior quality.
endangered species	one having so few individual survivors that the species could soon become extinct in all or part of its region.
msl	Mean sea level
funnel cloud	A tornado which is beginning its descent from the base of a cumulonimbus cloud
turbidity	The thickness or opaqueness of water caused by the suspension of matter
seasonal modulations	These are variations in sea level with time scales of 1 year and harmonics of a year (6 months etc.)
combined shear contour	This WSR-88D radar product is a contoured version of Combined Shear (CS) that is displayable alone or as an overlay on reflectivity or velocity products.
rfg	Reformulated gasoline
oil shale	A convenient expression used to cover a range of materials containing organic matter (kerogen) which can be converted into crude shale oil, gas, and carbonaceous residue by heating
heaps	a lot: e.g., I like him heaps.
thermocouple	Two pieces of dissimilar metal welded or brazed together at one end
hydrolysis	the decomposition of organic compounds by interaction with water.
enhanced v	A pattern seen on satellite infrared photographs of thunderstorms, in which a thunderstorm anvil exhibits a V-shaped region of colder cloud tops extending downwind from the thunderstorm core
silurian	A period of the Paleozoic, thought to have covered the span of time between 443 and 417 million years ago; also, the corresponding system of rocks
chinook wind	The name of a North American wind that occurs on the leeward side of mountains
aquifer	an aquifer whose upper and lower, boundary is defined by a layer of natural material that does not transmit water readily
porosity	The amount and nature of the voids in a soil
paleoclimatology	Scientific study of the Earth's climate during the past.
volcanic aerosol	Very small (microns to fraction of micron in diameter) particles or droplets, composed mainly of sulfuric acid and water, produced by the gas-to-particle conversion of sulfur dioxide gas to sulfuric acid in the volcanic eruption plume.
steam	water vapor that rises from boiling water
pennyworth	a bargain of a specified kind; e.g., Well, that was a bad pennyworth.
reference station	A tide or current station for which independent daily predictions are given in the Tide Tables and Tidal Current Tables, and from which corresponding predictions are obtained for subordinate stations by means of differences and ratios.
out of kilter	1
compression ratio	The relationship of absolute outlet pressure at a compressor to absolute inlet pressure.
blackout	The emergency loss of the source of electricity serving an area caused by failure of the generation, transmission, or distribution system
range resolution	The ability of the radar to distinguish two targets along the same radial, it is approximately ½ the pulse length.
run ticket	A record of the oil run from a lease tank into a connecting pipeline
geologic erosion	normal or natural erosion caused by geological processes acting over long geologic periods and resulting in the wearing away of mountains, the building up of floodplains, coastal plains, etc.
safe yield	the annual amount of water that can be taken from a source of supply over a period of years without depleting that source beyond its ability to be replenished naturally in "wet years."
osmosis	the passage of a liquid from a weak solution to a more concentrated solution across a semi-permeable membrane that allows passage of the solvent (water) but not the dissolved solids.
required radiation	The area of radiator surface required based on the heat loss computation for the space to be heated.
aerobic	life or processes that require, or are not destroyed by, the presence of oxygen.
drought index	Computed value which is related to some of the cumulative effects of a prolonged and abnormal moisture deficiency
back scatter	It refers to the portion of the radar beam energy that returns back towards the radar after striking a target.
doppler effect	the apparent change in wavelength of sound or light emitted by an object in relation to an observer's position
modal classes	When formulating Land Use Capability standards each soil grouping is usually assigned a capability class
talus	Fallen or broken rock that is found at the foot of a steep slope
dry gas	See GAS, NATURAL
oneota dolomite	The Ordovician age Oneota Dolomite underlies all of Illinois except the northmost part of the state
mucape	CAPE calculated using a parcel from a pressure level that results in the Most Unstable CAPE possible.
floodproofing	The process of protecting a building from flood damage on site
give full/top marks	acknowledge an act of excellence by (someone).
absorption	The extraction of one or more components from a mixture of gases when gases and liquids are brought into contact
cation exchange	Chemical trading of cations between the soil minerals and organic matter with the soil solution and plant roots.
crack	A separation formed in an ice cover of floe that does not divide it into two or more pieces.
flutter the dovecots	cause alarm among normally imperturbable people.
prevailing westerlies	Winds in the middle latitudes (approximately 30° to 60° N/S) that generally blow from west to east.
cost oil	A share of oil produced used to cover ongoing operations costs and to recover past exploration, appraisal and development expenditures.
electrical energy/surplus	Energy generated that is beyond the intermediate needs of the system
headmaster/mistress	the principal teacher in charge of a school.
cathedral cave	a site of major importance in Carnarvon Gorge
agreement on principles	The Agreement between the United States of America and Canada on the ALASKA NATURAL GAS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM (ANGTS)
proven reserves	Reserves that can be produced with current technologies; significant exploration and development work gives a 90 percent confidence these reserves are recoverable.
tail water	the runoff of irrigation water from the lower end of an irrigated field.
subordinate current station	(1) A current station from which a relatively short series of observations is reduced by comparison with simultaneous observations from a control current station
blinds	water samples containing a chemical of known concentration given a fictitious company name and slipped into the sample flow of the lab to test the impartiality of the lab staff.
declining block rate	A fall in an electricity rate when an increase in consumption cuts the cost to a utility of providing service
coastal plain	A low plain of little relief adjacent to the ocean and covered with gently dipping sediments.
api	Usually: American Petroleum Institute
discharge	The removal of groundwater from an aquifer at lakes, streams or wetlands, by pumping a well, or by leakage to another aquifer.
pressure ridge	A discernible rise or ridge, up to 90 feet (30 meters) high and sometimes several miles (kilometers) long, in pressure ice.
hydrologic unit	A geographical area representing part or all of a surface drainage basin or distinct hydrologic feature such as a reservoir, lake, etc.
transporter	A legal entity which has the capability of providing the service of transporting gas
paleozoic	(Primary) geologic era ranging from 540 Ma to 245 Ma.
orogeny	The deformation of the earth's crust to form mountains.
mouth	End of a stream
units of beneficial interest	The units of ownership of the Trust, equal to the number of shares of common stock of Southland Royalty Company outstanding at the close of business on November 3, 1980.
non-renewable resource	Resource that is finite in quantity and is being used faster than its ability to regenerate itself.
mixing efficiency	See Richardson number.
defence land	Department of Defence land: Crown land reserved for use by the armed forces for training, research and military installations.
combined seas	Generally referred to as "SEAS"
inceptisols	Soil order (type) of the United States Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Classification System
flathead	simpleton; dull-witted person; fool.
shareholders' equity	Book value for common and preferred equity.
extraterrestrial	a term used to describe anything that does not originate on Earth.
filed rate doctrine	The legal principle that protects regulated customers from receiving retroactive rate hikes.
deed restriction	An imposed restriction in a deed that limits the use of the property.
market out	A gas purchase contract provision which enables a pipeline to get out of its contract based upon changes in the marketability of gas.
rate year	Begins when rates take effect (normally at the end of a suspension order)
peak wind speed	The maximum instantaneous wind speed since the last observation that exceeded 25 knots.
variance	A statistical measure of the dispersion of observation values in a data set
channelization	The act of straightening a stream; typically widens and deepens the stream as well to improve the flow of water
glacial valley	Valley that was influenced by the presence of glaciers
light-year	The distance that light travels in one year (63,000 astronomical units, or 9.46 trillion kilometers), a convenient unit of measurement for interstellar distances.
seismic waves	Waves that pass through or around the Earth caused by an earthquake.
amprometric titration	a way of measuring concentrations of certain substances in water using the electric current that flows during a chemical reaction.
pilot	A small flame which is utilized to ignite the gas at the main burner(s).
nivation hollow	Ground depression found in periglacial areas that is created by nivation.
closed basin lake flooding	Flooding that occurs on lakes with either no outlet or a relatively small one
downgradient	In reference to the movement of ground water, the "downstream" direction from a point of reference (e.g., a well).
transmission line	A line used for bulk transfer of electricity between a generating plant or receiving point and major substations or delivery points.
leverrier	Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier (1811-1877) French astronomer who performed the calculations that predicted the existence of the planet Neptune.
nuclear magnetic resonance	A phenomenon exhibited by atomic nuclei which is based on the existence of nuclear magnetic moments associated with quantized nuclear spins
continental effect	The effect that continental surfaces have on the climate of locations or regions
dyne	A unit of force that creates an acceleration on a mass of 1 gram equal to 1 centimeter per second
flashiness	a measure of a river or stream's tendency to carry a high percentage of its flow volume in large, infrequent events rather than more moderate flows that occur frequently.
cape howe national park	30km west of Albany, Western Australia
particulates	Generic term used interchangeably with ?dust? to describe fine solid matter capable of entering atmospheric suspension.
farminor	A farminor holds an oil and gas permit and agrees to work with another company who can deliver the work program required by the permit. In return, the farminee is given a percentage interest in the permit.
dependent variable	Variable in a statistical test whose observation's values are thought to be controlled through cause and effect by another independent variable modeled in the test.
nonutility property	Title of Account 121, which includes the book cost of land, structures, equipment or other tangible property owned by the utility but not used in utility service and not property includible in Account 105 Utility Plant Held For Future Use.
cooling degree day	see Degree Day.
resurgence	A speleologic term for spring of the exit of ground water to the surface
daily drilling report	A record made each day of the operations on a working drilling rig and, traditionally, phoned, faxed, emailed or radioed in to the office of the drilling company and possibly the operator every morning.
limb	the outer edge or border of a planet or other celestial body.
design pressure	The maximum operating pressure permitted by various codes, as determined by the design procedures applicable to the material and location involved.
seed	Fertilized ovule of a plant that contains an embryo and food products for germination
dust storm	Severe weather conditions marked by strong winds and dust filled air over an extensive area
epbc act	Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act
medial moraine	Deposit of material found down the center of a glacier
mylitta	In ancient Phoenicia, a moon goddess who presided over fertility and childbirth.
limited partner	In a limited partnership, a partner whose liability is limited to the amount of his investment in the partnership (plus any assessments and his share of undistributed partnership earnings).
mass wasting	General term that describes the downslope movement of sediment, soil, and rock material.
henfruit	eggs.
fleshpot	a voluptuously shaped woman.
producing horizon	- Where the well is actually produced, since it may be drilled to a greater depth.
pbc	(see: prescribed body corporate).
aggrading stream	One that is actively depositing sediment in its channel or floodplain because it is being supplied with more load than it can transport.
harry hess	In the 1960s Hess developed the theory that the seafloor is spreading
spinning reserve	Unused capacity available from units connected to and synchronized with the grid to serve additional demand
amino acid	An organic acid containing both amino (NH2) and carboxyl (COOH) groups, and usually having the general formula R-CH-COOH \| NH2
pressure regulator	See REGULATOR, PRESSURE.
bradenhead	A packer (or fitting) installed on a well at the surface that enables the use of one size pipe inside another, for the subsequent control of products being delivered from either one of the two pipes.
nunatak	A peak of resistant rock of sufficient height that it rises above the ice sheet like an island and thus escapes the effects of glaciation.
frost	the ice that forms on surfaces as a result of the temperature of that surface reaching freezing before the air becomes saturated with water
non-economic benefit	a gain resulting from a trade-off that cannot be measured in dollars
isotherm	A line on a weather map connecting points of equal temperature.
water cycle	the movement of water from the air to and below the Earth's surface and back into the air
equal rate treatment	Term used to designate a test of the reasonableness of an allocation of costs
devonian	A period of the Paleozoic era (after the Silurian and before the Mississippian), thought to have covered the span of time between 400 and 345 million years ago; also, the corresponding system of rocks
unsaturated zone	The zone above the water table in which soil pores or fissures are less than totally saturated
leftist	member of the left, or one sympathising with their views.
ground water	Water found in the spaces between soil particles and cracks in rocks in the saturated zone beneath the ground surface
cooling degree day	See DEGREE DAY, COOLING.
pneumoconiosis	Disabling lung disease caused by the inhalation of fine dust particles leading to fibrosis
monocline	A geologic or topographic formation inclined at a single, consistent angle from the base.
title transfer	The Title Transfer Transaction is the sale/purchase and associated title transfer of the commodity ownership.
marketing affiliate	A marketing company that has corporate ties to an interstate pipeline, an intrastate pipeline, or a local distribution company.
basin	A depressed area with no surface outlet.
shallow	Soil that is 20–45 cm deep to gravel or bedrock. One of the five depth phases used in the description of soils.
volume	The occupation of space in three dimensions
lifting	The act of loading petroleum or petroleum products at a terminal or transfer point.
ecology	Washington State Department of Ecology
orogenic belt	A major range of mountains on the continents.
gallon	Generally accepted across the oil industry to refer to a US gallon
half-life	The amount of time that it takes half of the atoms of the parent isotope found in a mineral to decay and form stable daughter isotopes.
2011	High
drainage basin	A part of the surface of the earth that is occupied by a drainage system, which consists of a surface stream or a body of impounded surface water together with all tributary surface streams and bodies of impounded surface water
environment agency	A public body responsible to the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs whose principal aims are to protect and improve the environment and to promote sustainable development.
observatory	A collection of hardware and software, which is easiliy moved and installed, to monitor restless volcanoes
bifurcation ratio	Quantitative ratio determined between the parts of systems that display branching
mbopd	Thousand Barrels of Oil Per Day
mortgage	A loan secured by a lien on your home
unconformity	A break or gap in the geologic record presented by rocks or sediments in a given location
seal	the impermeable material, such as cement grout bentonite, or puddling clay placed in the annular space between the borehole wall and the casing of a water well to prevent the downhole movement of surface water or the vertical mixing of artestian waters.
invite	invitation: e.g., Did you get an invite to the party?
impoundment	a body of water such as a pond, confined by a dam, dike, floodgate or other barrier
sell a dummy	(Australian Rules football) act of feinting at the ball, dummying: e.g., He really sold an outrageous dummy to his opponent.
robinson projection	Map projection system that tries to present more accurate representations of area
joule-thomson expansion	The throttling effect produced when expanding a gas or vapor from a high pressure to a lower pressure with a corresponding drop in temperature.
oil gravity	The most widely used indicator of a crude oil's worth to the producer is its API gravity
sorption	The attachment of dissolved ions to rock minerals, generally by electromagnetic bonding forces.
receiver	The electronic device which detects the backscattered radiation, amplifies it and converts it to a low-frequency signal which is related to the properties of the target.
geothermal energy	Heat energy derived from the Earth's interior.
exploration	A general term referring to all efforts made in the search for new deposits of oil and gas.
plagioclase feldspar	A type of feldspar that is rich in sodium and calcium
kinchega national park	one of the outback's oldest and best known national parks
public water system	A system for providing the public with water for human consumption (through pipes or other constructed conveyances) that has at least 15 service connections or regularly serves at least 25 individuals.
comparability of service	Refers to the comparability of quantity and quality of firm transportation service offered to the pipeline's firm bundled sales service
mandrel	A cylindrical bar, spindle or shaft around which other parts are arranged or attached or that fits inside a cylinder or tube.
blower	A device for forcing air or gas to flow in the desired direction at the required pressure
btu	British thermal unit; the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit.
period	A second order geological time unit.
drawdown	Lowering of the ground-water surface or the piezometric pressure caused by pumping, measured as the difference between the original ground-water level and the current pumping level after a period of pumping.
scheduling penalty	A monthly or daily penalty assessed on the difference between the volume scheduled to be tendered by the shipper to the pipeline and the volume actually tendered for delivery
hydrologic balance	an accounting of all water inflow to, water outflow from, and changes in water storage within a hydrologic unit over a specified period of time.
peacocking	(hist.) the application for colonial grants for small parcels which contained the only potable water in the region
pirep	An acronym for pilot report.
pay scot and lot	share the financial burdens of a borough etc (and so be allowed to vote).
blowmolding	A process by which polymers are "blown" into a tubular mold
therm	A unit of heating value equivalent to 100,000 British thermal units (Btu).
evapotranspiration	combination of evaporation and transpiration of water into the atmosphere from living plants and soil
groundbed	An underground installation of anodes and coke breeze, etc
iron formation	"A sedimentary rock containing much iron, usually more than 15 percent as sulfide, oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate; a low-grade ore of iron
encounter	the ship in which Captain Matthew Flinders charted the south coast of Terra Australis, as commissioned by Sir Joseph Banks.
dense fog advisory	This product is issued by the National Weather Service when widespread fog reduces visibility to less than or equal to ¼ mile.
aleutian low	A semi-permanent, subpolar area of low pressure located in the Gulf of Alaska near the Aleutian Islands
repeat formation tester	The repeat formation tester (RFT) is operated by an electrically driven hydraulic system so that it can be set and retracted as often as necessary to pressure test all zones of interest on one trip in the well
sunrise	The time when the upper limb of the sun appears above the sensible horizon as a result of the diurnal rotation of the earth (no adjustment made for elevation of observer or atmospheric refraction).
endothermic	Heat absorbing
out of curl	lacking energy.
cryophobia	Fear of extreme cold, ice, or frost.
barra	barramundi.
mean higher high water	(abbreviated MHHW)
oilless bearing	Sleeve bearings of porous metal which depend solely on the porosity of the metal for oil storage.
in-situ flushing	introduction of large volumes of water, at times supplemented with cleaning compounds, into soil, waste, or groundwater to flush hazardous contaminants from a site.
ecosystem diversity	The variety of unique biological communities found on the Earth
commitment letter	A letter from your lender that states the amount of the mortgage, the number of years to repay the mortgage (the term), the interest rate, the loan origination fee, the annual percentage rate and the monthly charges.
stream bank	Sides of the stream channel.
methane	The principal component of natural gas; the simplest hydrocarbon molecule containing one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms
anabranch	a secondary channel of a stream which leaves and then rejoins the main channel
out-turn	The quantity of oil unloaded from a vessel at its discharge point
holmboe instability	An instability of an unbounded stratified parallel shear flow to the development of cusp-like waves that propagate with phase speed in the along flow direction significantly different from the speed of the inflection point of the shear
production plant	Building or area containing the equipment used to process material in a quarry.
unit-years of service	The same as "dollar-years" except expressed in terms of units rather than plant dollars.
kinetic energy	energy possessed by a moving object or water body.
magnitude	A general term for a measure of the strength or energy of an earthquake as determined from seismographic information.
working interest	The interest in a mineral property which entitles the owner to the production from the property, usually subject to a royalty and sometimes to other nonoperating interests
very windy	30 to 40 mph (48 to 64 km/h) winds.
geographic range	Spatial distribution of a species
endangered species	a species that is in danger of extinction and whose survival is unlikely if the causal factors continue; included are species whose numbers have been reduced to a critical level or whose habitats have been so drastically reduced that the species are deemed to be in danger of extinction.
joint	The location at which two pieces of pipe or a pipe and a fitting are connected together
spud	To start drilling a well. The spud date is the day drilling operations begin.
overriding royalty interest	A revenue interest in oil and gas, created out of a working interest
west wind drift	Same as antarctic circumpolar current.
obliquity	the angle between a body's equatorial plane and orbital plane.
time value of money	The concept that a dollar in hand today is worth more than a dollar that will be received in some future year.
run-of-river plant	A hydroelectric plant which depends chiefly on the flow of a water stream as it occurs for generation
open forest	an area with scattered trees where, the portion of the land surface covered by crowns is 51-80 per cent.
tharsis	In the Bible, a land at the western extremity of the known world
pebble-mound mouse	(see: western pebble-mound mouse).
tidal day	See lunar day.
upgradient	In reference to the movement of ground water, the "upstream" direction from a point of reference (e.g., a well).
basin	a groundwater reservoir defined by the overlying land surface and underlying aquifers that contain water stored in the reservoir
mantle	That portion of the earth that lies between the crust and the earth's outer core.
storm surge	Relatively rapid rise in the height of the ocean along a coastline
tropic tides	Tides occurring semimonthly when the effect of the Moon's maximum declination is greatest
deviation survey	An operation made to determine the angle from which a hole drilled by the bit deviated from the vertical during drilling
input rate	The rate at which gas is supplied to an appliance
piping	The progressive development of internal erosion by seepage, appearing downstream as a hole or seam discharging water that contains soil particles.
hole	A common term which usually refers to the well bore
cost based gic	See GAS INVENTORY CHARGE.
anticline	- A geological term describing a fold in the earth’s surface with strata sloping downward on both sides from a common crest
greenhouse gases	Gases responsible for the greenhouse effect
profiler	An instrument designed to measure horizontal winds directly above its location, and thus measure the vertical wind profile
longshore current	A water current that moves parallel to the shoreline.
gas injection well	A well into which gas is injected for the purpose of maintaining or supplementing pressure in an oil reservoir
geophysics	Earth science section dealing to the studies of physical characters of rocks and Earth globe constitution.
gas transported for others	That volume of gas owned by another company received into and transported through any part of the transmission or distribution system under a transportation tariff.
fault strand	An individual fault of a set of closely-spaced parallel or subparallel faults of a fault system.
city gate station	Point at which a distribution gas company receives gas from a pipeline company
type of unit holders	Number of Unit Holders
choke	The flow orifice in the Christmas tree (wellhead) or BOP stack by which volume flow rate and flowing bottomhole pressure is controlled by surface manipulation of the choke size
psig	Pounds per square inch (gauge)
acceptence	The expression of the intention of the person receiving an offer (offeree, usually the seller) to be bound by the terms of the offer
jetteau	a jet of water.
crest	the top of a dam, dike, or spillway, which water must reach before passing over the structure; the summit or highest point of a wave; the highest elevation reached by flood waters flowing in a channel.
ground temperature	See TEMPERATURE, GROUND.
tributary	a stream that contributes its water to another stream or body of water.
dekko	a look: e.g., Have a dekko at this!
cercla	Comprehensive Environment Response, Compensation and Liability Act
forest	Ecosystem dominated by trees
natura 2000	European network of protected natural sites, set up in particular to preserve biodiversity (see this word) across the European Union.
upper air westerlies	Consistent winds that exist in the upper troposphere that flow east to west from about 20° of latitude to the poles.
geomorphic threshold	The amount of slow accumulated change a landform can take before it suddenly moves into an accelerated rate of change that takes it to a new system state.
effective porosity	The interconnected pore volume or void space in a rock that contributes to fluid flow or permeability in a reservoir
casing shoe	a reinforcing collar of steel screwed onto the bottom joint of casing to prevent abrasion or distortion of the casing as it forces its way past obstructions on the wall of the bore hole.
kookaburra	any Australian kingfisher of the genus Dacelo, especially D
usable storage capacity	the quantity of groundwater of acceptable quality that can be economically withdrawn from storage
artesian well	A well drilled into a confined aquifer with enough hydraulic pressure for the water to flow to the surface without pumping
fuel efficiency	When a fuel is burned, the amont of useful output energy, expressed as a percentage of the theoretical energy content of the fuel
contamination	Impairment of natural water quality by chemical or bacterial pollution as a result of human activities
uvm	An acronym for Upward Vertical Motion.
nyh	New York Harbor.
current	the portion of a stream or body of water which is moving with a velocity much greater than the average of the rest of the water
high pressure	An area of atmospheric pressure within the Earth's atmosphere that is above average
aneroid barometer	An instrument designed to measure atmospheric pressure
title	The combination of factors that, together, constitute legal ownership of a parcel of an oil and gas lease.
day rate contract	An agreement between a drilling rig contractor and an operator wherein an agreed amount of money per day will be paid to the drilling contractor until a well is drilled to an agreed upon depth.
typhoon	Another name for hurricane.
degradation	Readjustment of the stream profile where the stream channel is lowered by the erosion of the stream bed
representative fraction	The expression of map scale as a mathematical ratio.
pastoral lease	a particular type of leasehold that allows Crown land to be used for grazing stock
pond	a body of water usually smaller than a lake and larger than a pool either naturally or artificially confined.
orogeny	The tectonic process in which large areas are folded, thrust-faulted, metamorphosed, and subjected to plutonism
management fee	In oil and gas limited partnership: A fee paid by the limited partners to the general partner for services he provides in the management of the partnership
offshore/onshore flow	Offshore flow occurs when air moves from land to sea
biosphere	Part of the Earth where life is found
neap tide	(or neaps)
peak shaving	The use of fuels and equipment to generate or manufacture gas to supplement the normal supply of pipeline gas during periods of extremely high demand
pressure jump	A sudden, sharp increase in atmospheric pressure, typically occurring along an active front and preceding a storm.
solstice	the time of the year when the Sun appears furthest north or south of the celestial equator
operator	The individual or company responsible for the drilling, completion and production operations of a well, and the physical maintenance of the leased property.
volumetric rates	A classification method which assigns 100% of fixed costs to the commodity rate.
pressure	The force exerted by the weight of the atmosphere, also known as atmospheric pressure
permian	Late Paleozoic age ranging from 295 Ma to 245 Ma.
permeability	A measure of the ability of soil, sediments, and rock to transport water horizontally and vertically
mud log	A record of information derived from examination of drilling fluid and cuttings from the formation.
andrew's pitchfork	Three parallel trendlines are drawn linking a major low or high with a point either side of this marking an intermediate high or low
annexation	The act of attaching, adding or joining one thing to another, generally a smaller or subordinate thing with a large or principal thing
snow advisory	This product is issued by the National Weather Service when a low pressure system produces snow that may cause significant inconveniences, but do not meet warning criteria and if caution is not exercised could lead to life threatening situations
furnace	Furnaces which recirculate the products of combustion and extract available heat to a point that causes condensation to occur
rad	The unit of absorbed dose of energy from ionizing radiation in living systems
gelifluction	Form of mass movement in periglacial environment where a permafrost layer exists
dig-in	When buried gas facilities are damaged by excavators.
dedicated owner	Any interest owner in an oil and gas well who is a party to a contract for the sale of gas produced from that oil or gas well.
key seat	In drilling a well, a channel, or groove cut in the side of the hole, parallel to the axis of the hole
rawinsonde	A balloon that is tracked by radar to measure wind speeds and wind directions in the atmosphere.
domicile	An individual's permanent home or principal establishment
regenerative heating	Process of utilizing heat which must be rejected in one part of the cycle to perform a useful function in another part of the cycle.
captive customers	Buyers who can purchase gas only from one pipeline or supplier and have no access to alternate fuel sources.
spring melt/thaw	the process whereby warm temperatures melt winter snow and ice
kuiper	Gerard Peter Kuiper (1905-1973) American astronomer born in The Netherlands
potential	A measure of the capacity of a well to produce oil or gas
kinetic energy	Energy possessed by a body due to its own motion.
moderator	A material used in a nuclear reactor core to slow down fast neutrons without unduly absorbing them, in order to increase the probability that the neutrons will cause fission in a uranium-235 or plutonium-239 nucleus.
riparian habitat	Natural home of plants and animals occurring in a thin strip of land bordering a stream or river
overdraft	condition that occurs in a groundwater basin when pumping exceeds the amount of replenishment over a period of years
heat	The number of calories required to raise the temperature of water one degree.
black steel pipe	Ordinary steel pipe, not galvanized.
leprechaun	an Irishman.
air drilling	Drilling using air as the circulation medium
seismic gap	A segment of an active fault zone that has not experienced a major earthquake during a time interval when most other segments of the zone have
fortescue river	Western Australia's major river system, with a number of smaller, intermittent rivers and creeks discharging into the main river channel during the wet season
uniform residential loan application	A standard mortgage application that your lender will ask you to complete
prt	Britain's Petroleum Revenue Tax.
lease acquisition costs	Bonus payments.
octahedrite	A broad class of iron meteorites which is characterized by the presence of both Taenite and Kamacite nickel iron minerals in the crystal structure of the meteorite
permeability	the capacity of soil, sediment, or porous rock to transmit water.
pipeline condensate	A liquid containing lower boiling aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons which may be found in natural gas production, transmission, and distribution pipelines
octane number	A measure of the detonative quality of gasoline, or otherwise expressed its tendency to cause "engine knock." The higher the octane number, the higher the resistance to engine knock
specific weight	The weight of a unit volume, usually expressed as pounds weight per cubic foot.
calcium carbonate	A chemical combination of calcium, carbon, and oxygen
joint operating agreement	A detailed written agreement between the working interest owners of a property which specifies the terms according to which that property will be developed.
semi-submersible	Floating mobile drilling rig with submerged pontoons to stabilise while operating
libration	an effect caused by the apparent wobble of the Moon as it orbits the Earth
decedent	A deceased person.
isotherm	Lines on a map joining points of equal temperature.
physiography	The study and classification of the surface features of Earth on the basis of similarities in geologic structure and the history of geologic changes.
infiltration index	An average rate of infiltration, in inches per hour, equal to the average rate of rainfall such as that the volume of rainfall at greater rates equals the total direct runoff.
eem	An energy efficient mortgage, often funded by Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae, VA or FHA, that recognizes the energy efficiency of a home and allows the lender to stretch the
conservation tillage	Seed drilled directly into an undisturbed soil (direct drilling), where the stubble of the previous crop is retained on the surface.
rupture-pipeline	A failure in the pipeline for various reasons where a complete loss to atmosphere of the gas or other media is sustained.
electric space heating	Space heating of a dwelling or business establishment or other structure using permanently installed electric heating as the principal source of space heating for a specific area or areas of the premises.
radarsat	Satellite program established by the Canadian Space Agency for the purpose of remotely sensing the Earth's resources
flash flood	A sudden flood event caused by a high volume of water entering an area over a short period of time
mt	Metric tonne.
distributions paid	First Quarter
litterfall	Movement of leaves, twigs and other forms of organic matter from the biosphere to the litter layer found in soil.
penumbra	the area of partial illumination surrounding the darkest part of a shadow caused by an eclipse.
hit the slops	drink alcohol to excess.
heron island research station	a research station recognised as a world standard facility, and the most productive and prestigious marine research station in Australia
ogee	A reverse curve, shaped like an elongated letter S
gage height	The water-surface elevation referred to some arbitrary gage datum
standard station	See reference station.
scrape acquaintance with	contrive to get to know (someone).
marketer	A non-regulated buyer and seller of natural gas.
holidays	vacation: e.g., He went to Thailand for his holidays.
stranded investment/stranded costs	An investment with a cost recovery schedule that was initially approved by regulatory action that subsequent regulatory action or market forces has rendered not practically recoverable
groundwater flow system	The total system which describes the movement of water in the subsurface from the point where it enters the ground to where it leaves
boiling point	the temperature at which a liquid boils
raw water	Surface or groundwater that is available as a source of drinking water but has not received any treatment.
neaps	See neap tide.
atmosphere	The outdoor air in general
toxic hot spot	location in enclosed bay, estuary, or any adjacent waters that has toxic pollution problems in the water or sediment in excess of applicable standards.
iron maiden	a particularly difficult, strict, severe woman.
antlophobia	The fear of floods.
transmission system	See SYSTEM TYPE.
upslope flow	Air that flows toward higher terrain, and hence is forced to rise
ic	Intermediate casing
naphthenic	High in naphthenes.
bo	Barrel of Oil Volume measurement
multiphase flow	A flow regime in which gas, oil, and water are all flowing.
closing	The actual process whereby all parties to a real estate transaction conclude the details of a sale or mortgage
macroscale	Large scale, characteristic of weather systems several hundred to several thousand kilometers in diameter.
preferred areas	These are areas of known mineral resources where planning permission might reasonably be anticipated.
open sea	HIGH WATER (HW): Maximum height reached by a rising TIDE
shut-in royalty	- A special type of royalty negotiated in the leasing of a property.
habitat	Location where a plant or animal lives.
foodweb	a model structure used to represent the links between organisms within an environment, based upon the order in which various organisms consume one another.
graded bedding	Sedimentary layering which displays a gradual change in particle size, usually from coarse particles at the base of the bed to fine particles at the top
bonus money	paid to a landowner or other holder of mineral rights by the lessee for the execution of an oil and gas lease in addition to any rental or royalty obligations specified in the lease.
p-retention	See Phosphate retention.
podzolization	Soil forming process that produces a strongly leached soil with a distinctive iron hardpan layer in the B horizon
wetland	An area that is regularly wet or flooded and has a water table that stands at or above the land surface for at least part of the year.
seed bank	Collection of seeds available for germination in the soil.
radioactive decay	The spontaneous nuclear transformation in which an atom emits particles or radiation following orbital electron capture, or when the nucleus undergoes spontaneous fission
venturi throat or tube	A tube tapered down to a lesser diameter and then expanding gradually to its original diameter
celsius scale	Favored name for centigrade scale, with freezing points and boiling points of water at 0 degrees and 100 degrees, respectively.
storage	In oil: typically onland tankage facilities for short- or long-term storage of crude or products; sometimes used in economic parlance interchangeably with the concept of oil stocks
conductor	A pipe that is cemented into place to hold the blow-out preventer and well head.
recommended land use	A legacy component of early Land Use Capability surveys, whereby a map of recommended land use was prepared to accompany the Land Resource Inventory and the LUC classification
directional shear	The component of wind shear which is due to a change in wind direction with height, e.g., southeasterly winds at the surface and southwesterly winds aloft
pulse repetition frequency	The number of pulses transmitted per second by a radar
high tide	See high water.
diddle	1
natural gas	A highly compressible, highly expansible mixture of hydrocarbons and small amounts of various nonhydrocarbons (such as carbon dioxide, helium, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen) which have a low specific gravity and occur naturally in a gaseous form or in solution with crude oil in natural underground reservoirs.
price current meter	A current meter with a series of conical cups fastened to a flat framework through which a pin extends
subatomic particles	Extremely small particles that make up the internal structure of atoms.
residual drawdown	Drawdown during the recovery phase of a pumping test
surface creep	The sliding and rolling movement of soil particles on the Earth's surface because of wind
cappo	capitalist, as an accusation that someone has too much money and too much interest in making it.
shoreline	The line that separates a land surface from a water body
convergence precipitation	The formation of precipitation due to the convergence of two air masses
pregranted abandonment	FERC authorization to terminate sales or transportation service automatically upon the expiration of the underlying contract.
instantaneous unit hydrograph	The theoretical, ideal, unit hydrograph that has a infinitesimal duration.
flaggy	Said of rock that tends to split into layers of suitable thickness for use as flagstone.
on-site meteorological services	Meteorological services provided at or near the site of a wildland fire or major project site, normally, but not necessarily, utilizing a mobile fire weather support unit
epa	Environmental Protection Authority
stakeholder	A person or entity who may affect, be affected by or perceive themselves to be affected by Santos' decisions or activities.
accession	Acquisition of title to additional improvements to real property as a result of annexation of fixtures or of accretion of alluvial deposits.
uniformitarianism	The principle that applies to geology our assumption that the laws of nature are constant As originally used it meant that the processes operating to change the Earth in the present also operated in the past and at the same rate and intensity and produced changes similar to those we see today
coriolis effect	The tendency for linear motion to be deflected in a rotating (non-inertial) reference frame
organic	Made from or derived from living matter
melting level	The altitude which ice crystals and snowflakes melt as they descend through the atmosphere.
matagouri [lcdb2 classification]	Matagouri (Discaria toumatou) is a divaricating, thorny shrub found in open shrubland or thickets restricted to freely drained recent soils, especially on river terraces and outwash fans in montane areas of the South Island.
land reclamation	The recovery or creation of land by humans through draining water from the sea, lakes, rivers and marshes
hydroelectric plant	a power plant that produces electricity from the power of rushing water turning turbine-generators
capital cost	all the implements, equipment, machinery and inventory used in the production of goods and services
fault	A fracture surface or zone of fractures in Earth materials along which there has been vertical and/or horizontal displacement or movement of the strata on opposite sides relative to one another.
ambient background concentration	a representative concentration of the water quality in a receiving water body, determined from monitoring
swarm	A series of minor earthquakes, none of which may be identified as the mainshock, occurring in a limited area and time.
crescent moon	Moon phase with less than one-half of the side facing Earth illuminated.
shock chlorination	the addition of chlorine for disinfecting a water supply system including the well and all distribution pipelines
ceiling panel heating	A system using ceiling panels as heating surfaces
dead storage	The volume in a reservoir below the lowest controllable level.
check valve	See VALVE, CHECK.
algal bloom	a phenomenon whereby excessive nutrients within a river, stream or lake cause an explosion of plant life which results in the depletion of the oxygen in the water needed by fish and other aquatic life
kettle hole	Depression found in glacial deposits
arable soil	Soil suitable for plowing and cultivation.
fetch	The distance of open water in one direction across a body of water over which wind can blow.
packer	A cylinder of rubber like material used to hold a tubing string central in the well, seperating and sealing the sections of the well above and below the packer.
reservation fee	A charge for a unit of capacity reserved on a pipeline for firm transportation of customer-owned gas pursuant to Part 284 of the Commission's regulations
debottlenecking	Increasing production capacity of existing facilities through the modification of existing equipment to remove throughput restrictions
turbine meter	A meter using the rate of rotation of a rotor in the gas stream to measure flow rate.
barley!	call for a respite from the rules of a game: a regional term used by children in Victoria.
beyond economic reach reserves	Those established reserves that, because of size, geographic location or composition, are not considered economically feasible for connection to a pipeline at the present time.
butane	The saturated hydrocarbon (alkane) with four carbon atoms in its molecule (C4H10)
multilateral well	More than one horizontal section drilled in one well
estuary	An area where fresh water comes into contact with seawater, usually in a partly enclosed coastal body of water; a mix of fresh and salt water where the current of a stream meets the tides; hence estuarine.
couplet	Adjacent maxima of radial velocities of opposite signs.
map	An abstraction of the real world that is used to depict, analyze, store, and communicate spatially organized information about physical and cultural phenomena.
chezy's roughness	a coefficient in Chezy's equation that accounts for energy loss due to the friction between the channel and the water.
abandonment / decommissioning	Process of dismantling wellhead, production and transportation facilities and restoration of depleted producing areas in accordance with licence requirements and /or legislation.
psychrometer	An instrument used to measure the water vapor content of the air
snow core	A sample of either freshly fallen snow, or the combined old and new snow on the ground
plume	the area taken up by contaminant(s) in an aquifer.
balance of trade	The difference between receipts from foreign sources for a nation's goods and services, and payments to foreign sources for imported goods and services.
demand side bidding	Process in which a utility issues a request for proposals to acquire DSM resources from energy service companies and customers, reviews proposals, and negotiates contracts with winning bidders for a specified amount of energy savings.
daily drilling report	Twenty-four hourly report indicating all important events which occurred on drilling rig.
riparian	Of, or pertaining to, rivers and their banks.
globalisation	The operation of economic, political, social and cultural processes on a global scale, largely as a result of technological advancement and not restricted by geographical or political boundaries.
rangeland	Land-use type that supplies vegetation for consumption by grazing and browsing animals
hog fuel	Fuel consisting of bark, shavings, sawdust, and low-grade lumber and lumber rejects from the operation of pulp mills, sawmills and plywood mills.
butylene plastics	Plastics based on resins made by the polymerization of butene or copolymerization of butene with one or more unsaturated compounds, the butene being in greatest amount by weight.
4-d seismic	The newest advances in seismic technology which now takes into consideration a 4th dimension; which is time
hot work	Maintenance or construction work requiring welding, burning, grinding, or drilling.
base	a substance that has a pH value between 7 and 14
perihelion	Point at which an object, travelling in an elliptical orbit around the sun, is at its closest to the sun.
score draw	a draw in football in which goals are scored.
senescence	the aging process
pacific high	High pressure system that develops over the central Pacific Ocean near the Hawaiian Islands
self-raising flour	flour for baking, with a leavening agent already included, so that it's not necessary to add baking powder, soda or yeast.
potentiometric surface	An imaginary surface representing the elevation and pressure head of groundwater and defined by the level to which water rises in a well or piezometer
base flood	The national standard for floodplain management is the base, or one percent chance flood
preventative	Deliberate action or methodology to avoid the incidence of a deleterious occurrence
sea ice	solid water that forms when ocean or sea water freezes
pps	See Planning Policy Statement.
biomonitoring	a test used to evaluate the relative potency of a chemical by comparing its effect on a living organism with the effect of a standard population on the same type of organism.
capitalize	To treat certain expenditures as capital expenditures for Federal income tax computations.
bopd	Barrels of Oil Per Day
giant freshwater lobster	Astacopsis gouldi, the largest freshwater invertebrate in the world, can live for up to 30 years and weigh as much as 4kg
barking owl	Ninox connivens, a native owl characterised by the bark-like call that it uses to flag its territory
cycles	Cycle theory is based on the premise that prices are affected by an underlying cycle
hill climb	motor-car or cycle race held over a hilly course.
filtration	the mechanical process which removes particulate matter by separating water from solid material, usually by passing it through sand.
knock on the head/scone	1
cattle duffing	poaching; illegal theft and trade within the cattle industry; cattle rustling.
equivalent of fuels burned	The Btu equivalent of fuels burned is the aggregate heat energy of all fuels burned
luster	The appearance of a mineral in reflected light
permeability	The capacity of an aquifer or confining layer to transmit water
c2	Ethane
confined aquifer	Aquifer between two layers of relatively impermeable earth materials, such as clay or shale.
enriched uranium	Uranium in which the concentration of the fissionable isotope, Uranium-235, has been increased beyond the 0.7% level found in natural uranium.
samples	The well cuttings obtained at designated footage intervals during drilling
standpipe	A vertical pipe or reservoir for water used to secure a uniform pressure.
unl	Abbreviation for unleaded.
cable	A nautical unit of horizontal distance, equal to 600 feet (100 fathoms ) and approximately one-tenth of a nautical mile .
ginger ale	(rhyming slang) tail.
suspended well	A suspended well is not currently used for assessment or production and has been shut in. It will either be returned to assessment or production or plugged and abandoned.
net salvage	In accounting, the difference between gross salvage and cost of removal resulting from the removal, abandonment or other disposition of retired plant
technically feasible	In DSM, an option which could be implemented for which equipment has been developed and tested and is available in the current marketplace, or will be in the future.
zeebrugge	Belgian port
adjudication	a case that has been heard and decided by a judge
mcs	An acronym for Mesoscale Convective System.
electromagnetic energy	Energy stored in electromagnetic waves or radiation
atmosphere	An envelope of mixed gases that surround a celestial body such as a planet, moon, or star
active storage capacity	The total amount of reservoir capacity normally available for release from a reservoir below the maximum storage level
peak day	The one day (24 hours) of maximum system deliveries of gas during a year
circuit	A conductor or a system of conductors through which electric current flows
water heater blanket	Insulated wrap attached to a water heater which supplements the insulation contained in the water heater.
range	The difference between high and low water in a tidal cycle
habitat	the native environment or specific surroundings where a plant or animal naturally grows or lives
storm warning	A warning of 1-minute sustained surface winds of 48 kt (55 mph or 88 km/h) or greater, either predicted or occurring, not directly associated with tropical cyclones.
demob	(of a serviceman) demobalise (release from armed forces).
direct heating equipment	See HEATER, INFRA-RED RADIANT.
electrofishing	a biological collection method that uses electric current to facilitate capturing fishes.
eddy diffusion	Mixing of the atmosphere by chaotic air currents.
secondary wave	See S-wave or shear wave.
ml	Megalitre (1,000,000 litres)
clunch	A term for traditional building material used mainly in eastern England and Normandy
left-booter/footer	a Roman Catholic.
unsaturated zone	the subsurface zone, usually starting at the land surface and ending at the water table, that includes both water and air in spaces between rocks
indicator parameters	measurable physical or chemical characteristics or attributes of water or soil-pore moisture used to indicate the possible presence of waste constituents, or the effects of waste constituents on waters.
tripping	Making a trip; operation of hoisting pipe out of, and returning it to, the wellbore
cost	the outlay or expenditure (as of money, effort or sacrifice) made to achieve an object or advantage
gravity	a mutual physical force of nature that causes two bodies to attract each other.
net acres or wells	The interests of BROG in such acres or wells.
arable	Capable of being ploughed; fit for tillage.
refrigeration capacity	The rate of heat removal by a refrigerating system, usually expressed in Btu per hour or in tons.
bom	Bureau of Mines
ppm	Parts per million
haze	A concentration of salt particles or other dry particles not readily classified as dust or other phenomenon
rig	Machinery for drilling a well that is used to search for and produce oil and natural gas.
kinetic energy	The energy due to motion.
critical entrainment velocity	Velocity required to entrain a particular sized particle into the moving medium of air or water.
sustained overdraft	Long-term withdrawal from the aquifer of more water than is being recharged.
ephemeral stream	a stream that flows briefly and only in direct response to precipitation
pulse	A short burst of electromagnetic energy that a radar sends out in a straight line to detect a precipitation target
individual contract	a legally binding agreement between employer and employee, contracted without union intervention
maximum unambiguous range	The greatest distance a pulse can travel and return before the next pulse is transmitted
barrier boundary	See no-flow boundary.
circulation cell	A "package" of air with a distinct circulation pattern, i.e., a lake breeze.
transpiration	The process by which water absorbed by plants, usually through the roots, is evaporated into the atmosphere from the plant surface.
commissions	Payments to qualified agents of the sponsor of a limited partnership, for selling interests in it to investors
hydrocarbons	Hydrocarbons are substances composed solely of carbon and hydrogen
steady state model	a numerical model in which model stresses do not vary over time
riparian zone	A stream and all the vegetation on its banks.
extraction process	The method used for drawing out resources from the ground
acidic	the condition of water or soil that contains a sufficient amount of acid substances to lower the pH below 7.0.
horizontal well	A technique in well drilling common to shale gas production that allows for fewer drill sites, while increasing the access to the reserves underground; used in combination with hydraulic fracturing. Injection wells: Deep wells used worldwide to dump contaminants, often suspended in water, so that they are more or less permanently sequestered below the aquifer. Injection wells are used by many industries
factors of production	the resource inputs involved in the production of goods and services: for example, labor, land and capital
open-flow test	A test made to determine the volume of gas that will flow from a well in a given time when flowing unrestricted and open to the atmosphere
erratic	A large rock boulder that has been transported by glaciers away from its origin and deposited in a region of dissimilar rock.
bollinger bands	A system based on the premise that prices revert to their mean
carryover	A feature in some curtailment plans that allows volumes not used in one period to be used in the following period or periods.
volatility	Calculate the exponential moving average of the difference between the daily high and low, lets call this 'range'
soil horizon	A distinct layer in a soil profile, with different physical, chemical and biological properties from adjacent layers.
hourly peak	The maximum demand for gas from a transmission or distribution system in a one hour period of time.
sheet flow	See overland flow.
index of refraction	See refractive index.
posted price	Outright, non-market-related price requested by a seller of crude oil or products
acre	A measure of land equaling 43,560 square feet; or 4,840 square yards; or 160 square rods; or a tract about 208.71 feet square
cleavage	The tendency of a mineral to break along defined planes determined by the mineral's crystal structure
impoundment	A lake, reservoir, or detention basin.
gis	Geographic information system
radiation fog	A type of fog that is also called ground fog
specific yield	the amount of water a unit volume of saturated permeable rock will yield when drained by gravity.
american petroleum institute	A trade association that represents the interests of and sets standards for the oil and gas industry.
confined ground water	Ground water held under an aquiclude or an aquifuge called artesian if the pressure is positive.
blind flange	A solid plate used to close off the end of a piping system or a device constructed with flanged ends.
delivered at place	A sales-contract term meaning that the seller's LNG price includes delivery to a named place but not the unloading and import-clearance costs, such as taxes
geochemistry	The science that deals with chemical changes in and composition of the earth's crust.
appraisal	- A written estimate and opinion of value; a conclusion resulting from the analysis of facts.
gatherer	A legal entity which has responsibility for the collection of the gas from the wellhead and the delivery of that gas to either a gas plant or a pipeline.
wrapping gust front	A gust front which wraps around a mesocyclone, cutting off the inflow of warm moist air to the mesocyclone circulation and resulting in an occluded mesocyclone.
nadir	a term used to describe a point directly underneath an object or body.
held by production	A legal process that allows exploration and production companies to extend the terms of the original contract for lease and royalties for the life of a producing well, even if that term goes beyond the stipulated term of the original lease.
butt-weld	The joining of two pieces of pipe or other material by full penetration welds.
experiment farm	the site of Australia's first land grant
survivor curve	A graphical presentation of survivors at the beginning of each of a consecutive series of age intervals
windy	20 to 30 mph (32 to 48 km/h) winds.
protection forestry	Forests managed principally for soil conservation and regulation of water (also see erosion control forestry)
specific-volume anomaly	In oceanography, the excess of the actual specific volume of the sea water at any point in the ocean over the specific volume of sea water of salinity 35 per mile ([s]) and temperature 0 degrees at the same pressure
expansion valve	A special valve used in refrigerating systems through which the liquid refrigerant (under high pressure) is allowed to escape into a lower pressure and thus expand into a gas.
oil-water contact	A bounding surface in a reservoir above which predominantly oil occurs and below which predominantly water occurs
customer advances for construction	See ADVANCES FOR CONSTRUCTION.
persistent bark	dead bark that is not shed annually, and accumulates in one of the following forms: stringy, peppermint, compact, box, ironbark.
leopold orchid	Diuris pardina can be distinguished from other Diuris orchids by its more intense flowering markings and the reddish-purple stems
dispersion	the spreading and mixing of chemical constituents in both surface and groundwaters caused by diffusion and mixing due to microscopic variations in densities and velocities.
thermal recovery	An enhanced recovery method using heat to reduce the viscosity of oils that are too thick to flow to production wells
sludge digester	tank in which complex organic substances like sewage sludge are biologically dredged
permeability	Permeability is the measure of how fluids or natural gas move through the rock (typically measured in "millidarcies")
ccl	An acronym for Convective Condensation Level.
sunspot	Dark colored region on the Sun that represents an area of cooler temperatures and extremely high magnetic fields.
peter	till; money-box; cash register.
glove box	the glove compartment of a car.
range	The difference between high tide and the following low tide.
commercial in-service date	The date at which a new unit has completed its testing and is turned over to operating staff for normal system operation.
sylvan	A landscape of woods or forest; or a person that inhabits woods or forest.
surface runoff	water flowing along the ground into rivers, lakes, and oceans
base cost of gas	The component in the BASE TARIFF RATE which represents the average cost of purchased gas.
opec	Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
altitude	angle in degrees above the horizon.
monolith	(a) A piece of unfractured bedrock, generally more than a few meters across
otherie/othery	other: e.g., Pass me the otherie.
forebay	the water behind a dam.
deficiency period	Used in association with the EQUITABLE SHARING MECHANISM
isobar	Lines on a map joining points of equal atmospheric pressure.
garnet	A red or red-brown aluminum-rich iron-magnesium silicate mineral.
aurora australis	also known as the southern lights, this is an atmospheric phenomenon that displays a diffuse glow in the sky in the southern hemisphere
carbon capture & storage	Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a combination of a number of existing technologies, with the potential to play a major role in the management and reduction of global carbon dioxide (CO2) levels
scarp	A roughly linear, cliff-like slope or face that breaks the continuity of a surface into distinct levels
versatility	Versatility in the context of land use is a measure of whether or not land can be put to many different uses with equal facility
labor	the mental and/or physical talents contributed by people for the production of goods or services
biomass conversion	The process by which organic materials, such as wood waste or garbage, are burned for direct energy or electrical generation, or by which these materials are converted to synthetic natural gas
steam fog	It forms as cold air moves over warm water
spud	To initiate drilling
molecule	Minute particle that consists of connected atoms of one or many elements.
pearl/pearler	excellent, wonderful, delightful person or thing.
sharing arrangement	An arrangement whereby a party contributes to the acquisition, or exploration and development, of an oil and gas property, and receives as compensation, a fractional interest in that property.
net generation	Gross generation less the electric energy consumed at the generating station for station use.
fecal coliform	a portion of the coliform bacteria group originating in the intestinal tract of warm-blooded animals that passes into the environment in feces
appropriate state regulatory agency	Term used in Part 284 of the Regulations to refer to a state agency which regulates intrastate pipelines and local distribution companies within such state
pal	Petroleum assessment lease
habitat indicator	a physical attribute of the environment measured to characterize conditions necessary to support an organism, population, or community in the absence of pollutants
saltmarsh	An area of partly-vegetated mudflat found in particular coastal conditions
clastic sedimentary rock	Clastic sedimentary rocks are formed from the products of the mechanical breakup of other rocks; these products include silt, sand, or gravel.
mantle	A lace-like hood or envelope (sack) of some refractory material which, when placed in position over a flame, gives light by incandescence.
delivery by non-delivery	The delivery of gas through a meter where gas is currently being physically received
acquisition	The act of becoming the owner of certain property; used also of the thing or property acquired.
potential vorticity	This plays an important role in the generation of vorticity in cyclogenesis, especially along the polar front
hydrologic cycle	the natural recycling process powered by the sun that causes water to evaporate into the atmosphere, condense and return to earth as precipitation
radiolarian chert	A rock made up of the spherical siliceous shells of radiolarian which are single-celled planktonic animals (protozoans).
2010	High
farm-out	A contractual agreement with the holder of an oil and gas permit to assign all (or a percentage of) that interest to another party in exchange for delivering the work program required by the permit, or fulfilling other contractually specified conditions.
offering memorandum	A legal document provided to potential investors in a venture describing the terms under which the investment is being offered.
predation	Biological interaction between species where a predator species consumes a prey species.
bimetallic thermometer	A temperature measuring devise usually consisting of two dissimilar metals that expand and contract differentially as the temperature changes.