Glossary extracted starting with automatic seeds, with BOW for the domain med and language EN

height of framing	The distance of the camera above the ground, regardless of the angle of framing.
camera log	A record sheet that catalogs details of a scenes photographed on the original film.
montage	The French word for editing
three-point lighting	A common arrangement using three directions of light on a scene: from behind the subjects (backlighting), from one bright source (key light), and from a less bright source (fill light).
rfi	Radio frequency interference
external diegetic sound	interpretation
fullscreen	Used for the home video market, this term describes the ratio necessary for the picture to fill the entire screen of a television set
noise	Unwanted disturbance within an electronic system
pitch	A verbal or written idea that sums of the premise of the film for studio executives
focal length	The distance from the center of the lens to the point at which the light rays meet in sharp focus
camera speed	The standard frame rate for motion picture camera projectors is 24 frames per second or 24fps
overwrite edit	An edit in which the clip being edited into a sequence replaces frames that are already in the sequence.
post production	Refers to all the activities that follow shooting such as editing, post-syncing, music, recording, titling, and mastering that lead to a completed program or show print.
3d - stereoscopic technique	The ability to create stereo images which, when animated and viewed through 3D Active Glasses or using glasses with one red and one blue lens, will appear as a three-dimensional movie
singer	Usually refers to the person who performs the theme song of a film.
sfx	Sound effects.
subclip	A clip that represents a portion of a clip's media file.
release negative	Duplicate negative or color reversal intermediate from which release prints are made.
photos browser	A media browser in Final Cut Pro that allows you to access your iPhoto and Aperture photo libraries.
stand-up	An on-camera shot of a reporter as he or she presents information about the topic.
fade out	This is the audio cue that most people forget to use
audience	The groups or individuals who consume a media text
noninterlaced video	The standard representation of images on a computer
content expert	The subject-matter expert versed in the content of a program
unity	The degree to which a film's parts relate systematically to each other and provide motivations for all the elements used.
smpte	Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
external diegetic sound	Sound represented as coming from a physical source within the story space that we assume characters in the scene also hear
ken burns effect	A popular visual effect for animating digital still photos that smoothly pans, zooms in, zooms out and otherwise adds life by performing digital "camera moves" on simple still photos.
licensing fees	Money spent to obtain the rights to use something copyrighted by someone else.
tableau	A technique, used in melodrama, in which actors held dramatic postures for a few seconds before the curtain fell in order to etch the scene in the audience's memory.
self-running script	A script that is designed to run continuously without interruption, for example, when demonstrating...
aperture ring	This is the adjustable ring on a cameras lens that allows for exposure control.
mask	An opaque screen placed in the camera or printer that blocks part of the frame and changes the shape of the image
background ligh	The background light is used to illuminate the background area of a set
audio animation editor	You can show the Audio Animation Editor for clips in the Timeline to adjust effect parameters, create fade-ins or fade-outs, or change effects over time using keyframes.
animation	Any process whereby artificial movement is created by photographing a series of drawings (see also cel animation), objects, or computer images one by one
macro	A function that provides a one-key stroke streamlined operation in place of a procedure having many keystrokes.
pornographic film	Also known as a porno or XXX film, a pornographic film contains frequent depictions of graphic sex.
u-matic	The standard format for 3/4 inch videocassette recorders
scratch disk	The disk or disk space you allocate in Final Cut Pro for digital video capture and editing.
crab	See tracking
rear projection	frontal lighting
exhibition	protectionism
red laser media	Traditional DVD burners and players use a red laser when working with DVD media
snow	Video noise.
negative pickup	While a distributor can often be involved during the production phase, Negative Pickup refers to the times when a distributor comes in after production and acquires a completed negative.
video	An electrical signal that carries television picture information.
backlight	A light used in production that is positioned behind the talent and designed to eliminate the shadows caused by the key light on background sets and curtains.
ntsc	National Television Standards Commission
disabled track	A track that has been disabled using the Track Visibility control
fade	In audio engineering, a fade is a gradual increase or decrease in the level of an audio signal.The term can also be used for film cinematography or theatre lighting, in much the same way (see fade (filmmaking) and fade (lighting)).
playlist	YouTube allows for videos to be categorised into a flowing list of video content.
roll	Text or graphics, usually credits, that move up or down the screen
hulu	A leading online aggregator of Internet video content
hue	A synonym for color.
narration	The oral telling of a story, typically via a voiceover.
bézier curves	Bézier is a method of defining curved lines and were originally invented by the French mathematician Pierre Bézier
selection tool	In Final Cut Pro, the default arrow-shaped pointer that allows you to select items in the interface
thumbnail	Shows the first frame of the clip as a tiny picture for reference.
color set	the set of 16 colors of a palette that are shown at one time in a Design menu color bar
ad	The assistant director works very closely with the director and production manager
asynchronous sound	Also known as non-synchronized sound, these are sounds that are out of synch with the images on the film.
rf	(Radio Frequency) That part of the frequency spectrum in which it is possible to radiate (transmit) electromagnetic waves
wardrobe supervisor	This individual is in charge of the wardrobe department.
tapi	Telephony Application Program Interface
prosthetic appliances	Also known as prosthetics, these are special appliances glued to the face of performers to alter their appearance.
intellectual montage	The juxtaposition of a series of images to create an abstract idea not suggested by any one image
streaming	Refers to the delivery of media over an intranet, or over the Internet.
beat	This is a script term written in caps to indicate a wait or a PAUSE in the delivery of dialogue
the coast	A slang term referring to either Hollywood or Los Angeles.
transportation captain	Coordinates the team of drivers and manages the vehicles for a production
filter	A flat piece of glass or gelatin transparent material with no optical properties other than to control the color or intensity of light
broadcast-quality camera	A high-resolution video camera with three chips for each of the primary colours of light; red, blue, and green
high frequency loss	Loss of signal amplitude at higher frequencies, caused for example, by passing a signal through a coaxial cable.
ingesting	The process of bringing media into a video system for editing
edited master	See master.
dvd-ram -	a recordable digital video disc. A DVD-RAM may be recorded, erased, and re-used. Like a DVD-R, a DVD-RAM will hold 4.7 gigabytes of data, or enough for approximately 2 hours of video (with audio) recorded in the MPEG2 mode.
actuality	Sounds and dialogue recorded on location usually for a radio news report.
staging area	An area set aside on a set or location for a department to exclusively use as homebase to store and set-up all their equipment and supplies.
overlay	Technique used by television tuner cards and 3D graphics accelerator cards to display videos on a...
abstract form	A type of filmic organization in which the parts relate to one another through repetition and variation of such visual qualities as shape, color, rhythm, and direction of movement.
camera angle	See angle of framing.
nas	Network Attached Storage
xml	Abbreviate of eXtensible Markup Language.
res up	The practice of making low resolution footage (typically created to save space) into high resolution in order to make it suitable for production use.
burn	Part of a pickup tubes that has a depletion of charge evidence by a negative image of the picture source causing the depletion
music and sound browser	A media browser in Final Cut Pro that allows you to access your iTunes content as well as sound effects and loops from Final Cut Pro and iLife.
manipulation	In a digital picture manipulator, the various processes used to alter a video image, such as transformations and programmed effects.
time code	The coding system recorded on video tape that allows for synchronization and editing
monologue	When a movie character gives a long speech without being interrupted by another character.
access mode	in Content Manager, a setting that allows users to determine which of several logged-in users is the one permitted to modify settings within the program at that time.
location	A real environment you are filming in such as public places, an office or a home.
telecine	A device for scanning motion picture film images and converting them to standard videotape.
pickup pattern	Defines a microphone's response to sounds arriving from various directions or angles
hot	Usually referred to too much light in a single area.
transcript	The written, recorded script of any word-for-word audio.
sxs card	Digital media cards used by some Sony model cameras, including the Sony EX-1, Sony EX3, and the Sony F3.
canadian society of cinematographers	A Canadian society dedicated to the advancement of the art of cinematography
wipe	In editing, a transition that wipes from one image to another.
costumes	what the characters are wearing.
high angle shot	The camera is positioned above the subject, looking down at an angle
direct cinema	An approach to documentary filmmaking associated with American filmmakers from the early 1960s
iris	see TRANSITIONS
reset timecode break	A break that results in a tape's timecode being reset to 00:00:00:00.
activex	Microsoft’s technology for enhancing interactive control, primarily in Web browsers and other network-oriented interactive software applications.
three-point editing	An editing technique in which three out of four edit points are set in a source selection and a project
element design menus	any of the several Design menus used for working with the properties of the different types of elements in a Designer, such as the Design Text, Design Clip, Design Box, Design Animclip and Design Text Crawl menus.
development	In order for a script to get greenlighted, it often must be fleshed out
shot	A strip of film produced by a single continuous running of the camera
transition editor	A specialized editor that appears in the Viewer when you double-click a transition in the Timeline
maintenance engineer	During production, a person who’s responsible for general repairs on and around the set.
raw data	Uncompressed data.
duplicate frames indicator	Colored bar that appears at the bottom of a clip's video item in the Timeline, indicating that frames are duplicated elsewhere in the sequence
magazine format	A program format consisting of a number of feature stories shot in different styles.
beta	Originally known as Betamax, Beta is 1/2 inch videotape.
code	A system of signs used to convey meaning.
eyeline match	A cut obeying the axis of action principle, in which the first shot shows a person looking off in one direction and the second shows a nearby space containing what he or she sees
iris	A circular mechanical device built into a camera lens, to permit control of the amount of light passing through the lens by varying the diameter of its central aperture.
wrap	A general term used by the director to signal the end of filming
quick list	A YouTube function that allows users to create and delete playlist quickly and easily via the "+" symbol.
mockumentary	Shot as though it were a documentary, these films often take the form of parodies and poke fun of the subject being dealt with.
publicity director	Also known as a publicity executive, this person oversees the publicity campaign for a motion picture
overcranking	By speeding up the frame rate of a camera and then playing the captured images back normally, the action on the screen appears to be moving in slow motion
rotoscoping	The process of manipulating or painting on individual frames
walk cycles	In order to avoid making innumerable drawings, animators routinely make a walk cycle for their character
frame-grabber	Digitizer capable of capturing video images one frame at a time
cel	A single hand-drawn animation frame, usually rendered on a surface such as mylar or cellulose
comet tailing	Smear of light resulting from inability of a camera's pickup device to process bright objects -- especially in darker settings
health monitoring	In information technology and multimedia terms, health monitoring refers to checking on the status of computers and networks to see if they are still operating.
bars	Referring to Colour Bars that are used during filming to check video signals.
media form	A major form of mass communication such as television, radio, the internet, newspapers, magazines or computer games.
gate	The aperture assembly at which the film is exposed in a camera, printer or projector.
ease/velocity	In animation movies, the ease, also known as velocity in the animation industry, is the acceleration and deceleration of a motion
negative print	Also known as a Neg or Negative, this refers to a reverse light image capture
chromatic aberration	In optics, chromatic aberration (CA, also called achromatism or chromatic distortion) is a type of distortion in which there is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same convergence point
sound link	A bridge between scenes or sequences created through the use of similar or identical sounds in both.
clip	A graphic, such as a picture, symbol or drawing, that is imported and positioned on a Signbox...
wipe	A transition in which the second shot appears and "pushes" off the first one; usually the images are separated by a visible vertical line, but there are many variations of wipes
focus	The degree to which light rays coming from the same part of an object through different parts of the lens reconverge at the same point on the film frame, creating sharp outlines and distinct textures.
hdcam	A high definition digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, 7.1:1 DCT-compressed component video signal with 3:1:1 color sampling
insert stage	A small studio used for simple recording of voice or picture inserts.
audio/video dub	Insert editing capability.
kerning	Adjustment of the spacing between different combinations of characters.
a & b cutting	A method of assembling original material in two separate rolls, allowing optical effects to be made by double printing (A and B Printing).
wireless microphone	Consisting of radio transmitter and receiver; utilizes a low-power radio signal for cable-free operation.
lighting	This term refers to the way in which lights are used for a given film.
animation library	An animation library is a storage area containing templates and assets that can be reused in any project or scene.
high angle	A high angle means poiting the camera lens down to an object or a person.
caricature	The exaggeration or distortion of one or more personality traits; a technique common in cartooning.
anthology film	A film made up of several shorter stories
on-line editor	The individual who performs on-line editing prior to a film’s distribution
arthouse	A theatre that specializes in foreign and independent films.
contact print	a print made in a contact printer where the original element and duplicate element actually are pressed together at the point of expose (no lens involved)
clapper	the sticks that are slapped together in view of the camera for the purpose of synchronizing film sound
exposure	The amount of light in video or film images
slate	a board upon which key information about a shot is displayed (i.e.,
d1	A standard definition digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, uncompressed component video signal with 4:2:2 color sampling
black level	An analog video signal's voltage level for the color black, represented by IRE units
program format	The style in which a subject is covered: documentary, interview, demonstration, and so on.
24 @ 25 pull-down	A pull-down pattern used in Final Cut Pro when 24 fps media is sent to a 25 fps video output
avance sur recettes	("advance of receipts")A government policy of loaning money to a film project on the basis of anticipated ticket sales
painterly effects	The effects created by filmmakers who are consciously trying to imitate certain looks achieved by painters.
spoiler	Information about the ending or important plot points of a film
composition	Visual makeup of a video picture, including such variables as balance, framing, field of view and texture
aerial shot	A variation of the crane shot, the aerial shot is filmed from high above the subject, often from a plane or helicopter
8-bit precision	For video, a bit depth at which color is sampled
assemble edit	An editing mode that replaces all signals on the record tape (video, audio, control, and time code tracks) with new signals.
fill light	Supplementary illumination, usually from a floodlight positioned midway between camera and subject, which lightens or eliminates shadows created by key light
t-1	A digital transmission service used in North America and Japan.
image sequence	A movie exported as a series of numbered image files, stored in a folder
yellowface	The practice of using makeup to allow a white person to play the role of an Asian (often in an exaggerated fashion)
ad-lib	From the Latin, ad libitium meaning unrehearsed, spontaneous act of speaking, performing, or otherwise improvising on-camera activity without preparation.
tuner	The demodulator section of a radio, television set, or videotape recorder.
disclosure triangle	A small triangle you click to show or hide details in the interface.
archival footage	Archived Footage can refer to Images, Music and Film Clips, which are taken from fair-use Libraries for videos and films.
output	The current, voltage, power, or driving force delivered by a circuit or device.
vhs	Predominant half-inch videotape format developed by Matsushita and licensed by JVC
deep-focus shot	A shot in which both the background and foreground are in focus
lyricist	The lyricist is the person responsible for writing the lyrics to songs used in the film.
svhs-c	Compact version of SVHS
broadcast legal	Broadcast facilities have limits on the maximum values of luma and chroma that are allowable for broadcast
in-house	Within the organization; owned by the parent company.
editing	The process of editing shots or sounds together.
narrative filmmaking	A fictional filmmaking genre that tells a story.
first assistant camera	Also known by the term “1st AC,” this individual is responsible for keeping the camera in focus during filming
fourth wall	The fourth wall is the imaginary "wall" at the front of the stage in a traditional three-walled box set in a proscenium theatre, through which the audience sees the action in the world of the play.The idea of the fourth wall was made explicit by Denis Diderot and spread in nineteenth-century theatre with the advent of theatrical realism, which extended the idea to the imaginary boundary between any fictional work and its audience.
sweeting	Audio post production, at which time audio problems are corrected.
game master	The person who runs a role-playing game and arbitrates how actions are resolved and narrated
key frame effect	An overall effect consisting of a series of snapshots called key frames
bank	A pair of buses, as on a video mixer.
super-white	White that is brighter than 100 IRE, the maximum level allowed by the ITU-R BT.601 engineering standard for video.
reverse shot	A typical example of a reverse shot is a cut to the second person in a conversation; for example, an interviewer asking the next question after the interviewee has finished speaking.
godspot	The effect is created using a powerful spotlight (usually a beam projector, Fresnel, or ERS) placed directly above the stage at an angle of less than 10 degrees from vertical, i.e
push processing	A means of increasing the exposure index of film.
f-connector	A video connector characterized by a single metal wire
color references	A color composite, slide, Cibachrome, Chromalith, video tape, or other reasonable reference as to the correct color of a logo
still graphics	Non-moving still images
skycam	A small, computerized, remote-controlled camera that flies on wires at speeds of up to twenty miles per hour and can go practically anywhere that cables can be strung.
soft lighting	Illumination that avoids harsh bright and dark areas, creating a gradual transition from highlights to shadows.
electronic billboards	billboards that can be updated electronically
browser	The central storage area in Final Cut Pro, where you organize all of the source material used in your project
sound layer	In Animate, you can import sound files to add dialogue and sound effects to your project
storyboard	Series of cartoon-like sketches illustrating key visual stages (shots, scenes) of a planned production, accompanied by corresponding audio information
jib	The arm of a mechanical crane used during the production phase of a motion picture.
mpeg	Moving Picture Experts Group
digitizer	Device that captures and imports video scenes into a computer by converting it into digital information
titling	The process or result of incorporating on-screen text as credits, captions or any other alphanumeric communication to video viewers
avchd	Advanced video coding high definition
animgif	A GIF-format animation that can be looped automatically.
anamorphic release print	Print where the image is compressed horizontally
aperture	A measure that indicates the width of the opening allowing light to enter a film camera
esc	The Escape key on a keyboard that stops screen activity when it is pressed.
compression	The process by which video, graphics, and audio files are reduced in size
master tape	The final tape that contains a finished program at its highest quality
ram	A computer's memory capacity, measured in gigabytes (GB), which determines the amount of data the computer can process and temporarily store at any moment.
caf	Apple's Core Audio Format (CAF) is a flexible file format for storing and manipulating digital audio data
d5	Digital video tape format using CCIR 601, 4:2:2 video
contrast	In cinematography, the difference between the brightest and darkest areas within the frame.
raid	Redundant Array of Independent Disks
catv	Community antenna television, an alternate name for cable distribution.
frequency response	The characteristic of audio equipment that describes the lowest and highest frequencies (pitches) that the equipment can receive, record and/or play back. For example, a microphone might have a frequency response of 22 – 18,000hz. (Human hearing has a frequency range of 20 – 20,000hz.)
filmmakers	This term is usually reserved for those who have a degree of creative control over a motion picture
dupe negative	a negative element printed from a positive print (an inter-positive)
plot	refers to all aspects of the narrative that we see on screen.
sell-through	When DVDs are priced low enough to encourage buying instead of renting.
fade in	Almost all audio events are faded in and faded out to avoid the snap cut to music or effects at full level
high concept	Designed to attract a large audience and generate strong business at the box office, a high concept film often includes top stars or plenty of action and special effects.
rating	A YouTube system that allows Likes/Dislikes to rank online video content.
xsl	Extensible Stylesheet Language
stunt performer	Also known as a stuntman or stunt player, this is someone who performs stunts during filming.
mark slate	To call the information on a slate out loud, typically including title of the production, scene number or name, and take number.
genres	Various types of films that audiences and filmmakers recognize by their recurring conventions
shutter speed	The length of time for which the shutter stays open
s/n	Signal-to-Noise ratio
continuity	[1:visual] Logical succession of recorded or edited events, necessitating consistent placement of props, positioning of characters, and progression of time
hints	Hints are used when Morphing
4 point lighting	A typical lighting composition using four lights; key light, fill light, hair light and backlight.
pict	A still-image file format developed by Apple
underexposed	A condition in which too little light reaches the film, producing a thin negative or a dark reversal or print.
background	A background is the part of the scene that is the farthest to the rear
looping	In Final Cut Pro, when you turn looped playback on, clips and sequences will loop back to the beginning whenever the playhead reaches the end of the media.
dailies	A Daily is the review of the days footage
reflexivity	A tendency, characteristic of cinematic modernism, to call attention to the fact that the film is an artifact or an illusion
headroom	Space remaining between the top of a subject's head and a monitor's upper screen edge
resistor	A component made of a material (such as carbon) that has a specified resistance or opposition to the flow of electrical current.
targa	An uncompressed image file format that stores images with millions of colors plus an alpha channel
frame	An Animation Frame is a single photographic image in an animated movie
slugging	In Toon Boom Storyboard Pro, slugging is indicating the start and stop times of dialogue and relevant actions.
teleprompter	Mechanical device that projects and advances text on a mirror directly in front of camera's lens, allowing talent to read their lines while appearing to maintain eye contact with viewers.
character studies	Referring to a type of video in which the story is told through one key character.
rear projection	storyboard
available light	The natural light available in a location
lens hood	Also lens shade
alpha compositing	The process of combining an image with a background to create the appearance of partial transparency
all ones	A digital signal consisting of data that contains all logical ones
ssd	Solid state drive
point of view shot	A point of view shot shows what a character is looking at
digital	A description of data that is stored or transmitted as a sequence of 1s and 0s
special effects	production
offline	Clips whose media files are currently unavailable to your project
post production	The editing process after the video footage has been shot.
phasing	Adjusting the delay of a video signal to match a reference video signal
outernet	See Digital Out Of Home (DOOH).
one-reeler	A film that lasts from 10 to 12 minutes long.
16-bit resolution	A standard bit depth for digital audio recording and playback.
closure of the narrative	In VCE Media, ‘closure of the narrative’ refers to the resolution of a narrative.
atv	(amateur television) Specialized domain of ham radio, transmits standard TV signals on UHF radio bands
sun guns	Sun Guns are camera mounted lights that are portable and provide constant and shadowless illumination
return loss	A measure of the accuracy of the impedance match between a signal source (such as a cable) and its terminating load
magic hour	Magic Hour is the time just before sunrise or the time just after sunset
sprockets	Tiny, square holes found on both sides of a film strip
integrated circuit	An electronic device in which both active and passive circuits are contained in a single miniature multi-pin package.
editor interface	A serial communications link between an edit controller and peripheral devices, such as a video switcher and tape machines
flipping	In traditional animation, flipping is the action of going through the drawings of an animation sequence very quickly to see the animation in motion
scene	A segment in a narrative film that takes place in one time and space or that uses crosscutting to show two or more simultaneous actions.
audio waveforms	Audio waveforms are visual representations of the actual sound
audio crosspoint module	Circuit board containing crosspoints for audio signal switching.
special effects supervisor	Responsible for heading up the special effects crew, the special effects supervisor is also known as the special effects coordinator.
digital betacam	Digital video tape format using the CCIR 601 standard to record 4:2:2 component video in compressed form on 12.5mm (1/2-inch) tape.
slug	Text that is edited into a project as a note or reminder for those working in post-production, projection or broadcast usually to denote things such as titles, audio tracks used, or unfinished elements.
dynamic visual messaging	Use of animated graphics to create signs and displays for targeted audiences
anamorphic format	Anamorphic format is a term that can be used either for: the cinematography technique of capturing a widescreen picture on standard 35 mm film, or other visual recording media, with a non-widescreen native aspect ratio; or a photographic projection format in which the original image requires an optical anamorphic lens to recreate the original aspect ratio
digital disk recorder	A device that records and plays back digital video from a series of hard drives.
digital media network	See Digital advertising network.
wga	Writers Guild of America.
keyframe	Important positions in the action defining the starting and ending points of any smooth transition
high-angle shot	A shot which looks down on a character or object from a height.
subtitling	The method of providing visible words at the bottom of frames to translate the dialogue of films from one language into another
mixer automation	The process of using the Audio Mixer or a control surface to record audio level and pan keyframes.
distortion	Any undesirable alteration in an audio or video signal.
post-production	Post-production refers to the filmmaking process after all material has been shot
ganged	The behavior of the playheads in the Viewer and Canvas when they're locked together, so that they move as one.
automatic lip-sync detection	Toon Boom Animate can automatically map drawings in an element to the mouth chart you have generated for a sound
jpeg	Joint photographic experts group
periodic scheduling	The scheduling of periods of time within which events are broadcast
mobile frame	The effect on the screen of the moving camera, a zoom lens,
opening sequence	In VCE Media, ‘opening sequence’ is a story element that refers to the opening scenes of a film
connection	A set of parameters that enable individual signPlayers to connect with their signManagers.
y	Refers to the y coordinate in Cartesian geometry
interrupt scheduling	a type of scheduling for pages that causes a scheduled page to play at a precise time, interrupting any other script activity currently occurring.
vectorscope	A window in Final Cut Pro that graphically displays the color components of a video signal, precisely showing the range of colors in a video signal and measuring their intensity and hue
insert edit	An edit in which a clip item is added to a track in the Timeline at a specified point, moving clips (or parts of clips) after that point to the right
film printing	When images on a negative film print are transferred to a standard film print.
coaster	A sarcastic name for a disc that will not play
s video	A analogue cable used to transmit high quality video signals between cameras and monitors.
standard definition	Standard video that is currently used on DVDs and VHs tapes
continuity	Preserving the visual coherence and perceived reality of an event.
hype	A large amount of excitment or praise that surrounds certain films
close-up	a video shot of a person that includes the head and neck.
indexing	Ability of some VCRs to electronically mark specific points on videotape for future access, either during the recording process (VISS: VHS index search system) or as scenes are played back (VASS: VHS address search system).
first draft script	It is the initial attempt to transpose the content of the treatment into a screenplay or script format appropriate to the medium
timeline patch panel	The section at the left of the Timeline containing the Audio, Source and Destination, Track Visibility, Lock Track, and Auto Select controls.
flat	An image is said to be "flat" if its contrast is too low
value slider	A value slider is a type of numerical slider control that appears as a number, often to the right of a basic slider
natural light	Planetary illumination -- from sun, moon, stars -- be it indoors or out
i/o input/output	Refers to connectors and cables going between teh computer and AV devices
center marker	A cross that indicates the center of the image on the viewfinder screen.
bit	The smallest unit of data in a computer, with a binary value of either 1 or 0
decompression	The process of creating a viewable image for playback from a compressed video, graphics, or audio file.
preset	A saved group of settings, such as capture, device control, and sequence settings
synchronism	sound that is matched temporally with the movements occurring in the images, as when dialogue corresponds to lip movements.
dvd authoring	The process of creating a custom DVD by dividing a video into glossarys
source monitor	In Final Cut Pro, the Viewer acts as the source monitor
event library	The Event Library holds and organizes the events that contain your imported media (video, audio, and still images)
kickoff	A term used to denote the beginning of a film’s principal photography.
hdtv	High-definition television.
complementary harmony	The effect created by colors directly opposite each other on the integrated color wheel
backlighting	Illumination cast onto the figures in the scene from the side opposite the camera, usually creating a thin outline of light on the figures' edge.
white cards	Pure white card use as a reference to set a camera's white balance.
safe area	The area of camera viewfinder where anything inside will not end up on film
extrinsic metaphor	Seemetaphor, visual.
exploitation film	Often low-budget films filled with violence and sex, exploitation films are designed to make a profit by appealing to the baser instincts of their audience.
barney	A term for the blanket that’s sometimes placed over a movie camera to muffle the sound of its moving parts.
screen direction	Whichever direction, left or right, the actor or object is looking at or moving toward, described from the audience's point of view
video signal	An electrical signal that includes all of the information present in the television picture together with the necessary synchronizing signals.
eng	Use of portable video cameras, lighting and sound equipment to record news events in the field quickly, conveniently, and efficiently.
had	Hole-Accumulated Diode
composite print	A print that contains both the picture and sound.
dissolve	A transition between two shots during which the first image gradually disappears while the second image gradually appears
u-matlc	Trade name for 3/4-inch video cassette system originally developed by Sony
interior	An indoor scene, filmed either on a studio set or on location.
sibilance	Excessive amount of vocal hiss when consonants such as "s" are spoken.
set dresser	Besides ensuring continuity on the set, the set dresser moves and places items on the set according to the wishes of the set decorator.
frame	Single images in an animation that create the illusion of movement when displayed in sequence....
minidisc	a digital audio format characterized by a small, optically-recorded disc housed within a 2-1/2" square plastic shell. A minidisc can store 74 to 80 minutes of digital quality audio.
all inputs hostile	Measurement technique, particularly for crosstalk, using worst case conditions (typically, full chroma signal on all inputs other than the one under test).
classification and ratings administration	Also known as CARA, this is the section of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) that gives out ratings (aka “certificates”) for films.
reshoot contingency	The funds set aside by a producer in case re-shoots have to be done on a film.
hsv	Hue, Saturation, Value
hdtv signage	See Digital advertising network and HDTV
motion project file	A project file saved in Motion
square-wave	A square or rectangular-shaped periodic wave that alternately assumes two fixed values for equal lengths of time, the transition being negligible in comparison with the duration of each fixed value.
buddy film	A movie sub-genre where two often mismatched individuals are thrown together in extraordinary circumstances
branching	A program style in which viewers are presented with or "branched to" different segments of the program, depending upon their responses.
mixed-format sequence	A sequence containing clips whose media files don't match the sequence format.
block booking	An arrangement in which the distributor forces exhibitors to rent several films in order to get the most desirable ones
wild sound	Scenes that are filmed without sound being captured at the same time
s/u	The abbreviation for Sound Up.
rigging	The rigging process in an animation movie is the process of adding a skeleton to the model so that body parts of the animated character are attached to one another and allow the animator to manipulate them
sans-serif	A font without serifs on the end of letterforms, such as Helvetica and Arial.
cinch marks	Also known as “scratches,” these marks appear parallel to the edge of a strip of film
non-linear editing	Frequently this means a system of editing on a desktop computer that uses digitized video which is stored on a series of hard drives
subclip	A clip created to represent a section of a master clip
marquee	Scrolling text effects in web pages
betacam sx	A standard definition, 8-bit digital videotape recorder format with 4:2:2 color sampling and 10:1 video compression using MPEG-2 compression
modem	A device that transforms a typical two-level computer signal into a form suitable for transmission over a telephone line
flutter	In sound, rapid period variation of frequency caused by unsteadiness of the film or tape drive.
director’s cut	As it is popularly known, the director’s cut is a finished film that the director had complete artistic control over
tracking shot	The camera mounted on a mobile support guided by rails moves smoothly through space horizontal to the ground in a consistent direction: forward, backward, sideways left, sideways right
takeup reel	The reel onto which the already projected film is wound up in a projector.
zoom slider	The slider control that appears at the bottom of the Timeline
pan	A camera movement with the camera body turning to the right or left
second second assistant director	Acts as an assistant to the second assistant director and directs the extras
fill light	linearity
establishing shot	A shot, usually involving distant framing that introduces the spatial relations among important characters, objects, and settings in an entire film or in a scene
storyboard	A visual plan of all the scenes and shots in an animation
legal services	A law firm or attorney responsible for negotiating contracts, distribution agreements, intellectual property rights, and numerous other matters
mix	[1:audio] Combining two or more sound sources, with various channels controlled to achieve desired balance of single audio signal output
maria magdalene von losch	United States film actress (born in Germany) who made many films with Josef von Sternberg and later was a successful cabaret star (1901-1992)
recording	VCR Recipient of raw video feed (master or workprint) and recorder of edited videotape in basic player/recorder editing setup
dolly	(v.) A forward/backward rolling movement of the camera on top of the tripod dolly.
nonsynchronous sound	Audio without precisely-matched visuals
captive audience networks	A captive audience network is a digital advertising media network installed where your target audience is assured to remain in place for a period of time
beta	Informal name for Betacam, a professional color difference videotape recording format that uses the Y, R-Y, and B-Y color difference components
media	Generic term for elements such as movies, sounds, and pictures.
ellipsis	In a narrative film, the shortening of plot
jump cut	cutting together two discontinuous points of a continuous action without changing the set up
s-video	Also known as Y/C video, it is a componet signal and is the type employed with Hi8 and S-VHS video formats
dimmer box	An electrical dial used to control the brightness of a lighting setup.
log and capture	In Final Cut Pro, the process of logging the clips you want to capture and then using device control to automatically capture them in the Log and Capture window.
clapper board	A filmmaking essential used to mark the beginning or end of a film take (traditionally containing scene information)
tips and tricks	A series of short but useful animation techniques available free of charge in the product section of the Toon Boom website.
fade-out	a gradual decrease in a setting (such as volume) that begins at a specified value and reaches zero in a certain length of time.
post production	The final phase of film production which occurs after principal photography and usually involves the editing, scoring and sound design of a film.
serial	Time-sequential transmission of data along a single wire
crop	To mask a specified amount from the total frame size of an image
sound scrubbing	The process known as Sound Scrubbing lets you hear sound in real-time while you move the playback pointer forward or backward
digital dynamic sign	See Digital dynamic signage.
call center	a location staffed by telemarketing, telesales, or technical support staff
three shot	Close-up or medium shot of three persons.
iatse	International Association of Theatrical and Stage Employees.
minors	From the 1920s to the 1950s, significant Hollywood production companies that did not own theaters
local validity	Credibility for the particular situation.
animation	The rapid sequence of still images to create the impression of smooth movement, as seen in films...
prom	Programmable read only memory
lighting board operator	By using a lever, this member of the electrical department can increase or decrease the intensity of the lights on a film set
dolby system	Trade name for an audio noise reduction system.
editing	The process of taking events from a film and placing them in a coherent, and visually appealing, order
script	The audio and video plan or directions for a program word-for-word and shot-for-shot.
1080p or 1080i	High-definition (HD) video that has 1080 lines of vertical resolution
quadruplex	A method of videotape scanning using four heads, found on two-inch machines.
compression	There are two main types of compression; signal compression and data compression
field	One scan from the top to the bottom of the television frame, tracing alternate horizontal lines and taking one sixtieth of a second to complete.
deep focus	Deep focus is a photographic and cinematographic technique using a large depth of field
color burst	Sample of the color sub carrier inserted into the horizontal blanking interval at the start of each line of video.
tcp/ip	The abbreviation for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, which refers to how the Internet communicates in order for it to function correctly.
digital intermiediate	(DI) describes the process of digitizing a motion picture and manipulating color and other image characteristics to change the look, and is usually the final creative adjustment to a movie before distribution in theaters
projector	The machine at a movie theater that projects the film onto the screen.
production secretary	An individual who acts as a secretary to the production manager.
flickr	Flickr provides both private and public image storage
lock down	Secures a tripods pan and tilt functions to maintain smooth footage.
aspect	NTSC video is in an aspect ratio of 3 units high by 4 units wide.
frontality	In staging, the positioning of figures so that they face the viewer.
subframe	A subframe has 1/80 the duration of a video frame and is thus a more precise unit of reference when editing audio at the sample level.
transportation coordinator	Also known as a transportation manager, this individual oversees the drivers and makes sure that cast, crew, and equipment are delivered to the appropriate location.
sprocket	A toothed wheel used to transport perforated motion picture film.
sleeper	A movie with little promotion that defies expectations and becomes a major hit
offline editing	1) Refers to non-linear editing, or 2) refers to the process of editing before the stage of a finished product.
headroom	the space between the top of a person's head, and the top of the video screen.
digital cinematography	Digital Cinematography is the process of capturing motion pictures as digital images, rather than on film
field	Half of an interlaced video frame, consisting of the odd or the even scan lines
perforations on film	Perforations are the small holes that you see on a piece of film
key	A function on a video mixer that enables graphics or other video elements to be superimposed on video or colored backgrounds.
color timer	The person responsible for making sure that each frame of a film displays consistent colors during post-production
technical advisor	A person who possesses expertise in a certain area and provides information during filming
gain	The amplification of a sound.
insert edit	An insert edit places the source clip so that all clips after the insertion point are moved forward (or rippled) in the Timeline to make room for the clip being added
plug	See phono plug.
beat	Usually about one second, or the length of a heartbeat, the term “beat” refers to how long an actor waits before doing something.
atsc	Advanced Television Systems Committee (USA)
lip sync	synchronization between the sound and its source in the film
single branching	A programmed-instruction format in which all wrong answers are treated in the same way: by branching to a single given segment.
set	This term refers to the actual construction in which the actors are filmed.
learning curve	A geometric metaphor for the amount of time one needs to learn a new task (such as operating an item of television-production equipment).
helm	To “helm a film” means the same thing as to direct a film.
system	The set of game mechanics which make up a game.
drm	The abbreviation for Digital Rights Management
out-take	Footage not to be included in a final production.
low resolution	This format is ideal for videos destined for the web, where size and fast download of a video file might take precedence over quality.
morphing	In Toon Boom, the Morphing feature creates computer generated drawings between a source drawing and a destination drawing
animatic	An animatic is a movie with sound and is developed from the storyboard
open-ended question	A question that requires more than a short answer, giving the respondent an opportunity to express opinions.
talent	A term used informally for the actors participating in a motion picture.
180 degree rule	The 180° rule is a basic guideline in film making that states that two characters (or other elements) in the same scene should always have the same left/right relationship to each other
barn doors	Accessory for video lights, two or four-leaf folding flaps that control light distribution.
film to tape transfer	The process of putting the photographed image on to videotape.
onion skin	In Toon Boom products, the onion skin is a feature allowing to see the previous and next drawings of a sequence.
sketch	A scene usually lasting less than 15 minutes and often involving comedic situations
ccd	(Charge-coupled device)
wipe	A video transition in which one video source replaces another with a distinct line or lines of definition.
digital audio	Sounds that have been converted to digital information.
storyboard	A script complete with pictures representing each shot.
rejuvenation	A process offered by some laboratories whereby a damaged and dirty print can be rendered usable for further projection.
tweet	A post on Twitter with no more than 140 characters
leader	Any film material used at the head and tail of a roll for threading a negative when transferring or a print film for projection.
cgi	Also known as “Computer Generated Imagery,” this is the art of using computer graphics to enhance a film’s special effects or to create entire landscapes and/or characters.
jog/shuttle	Manual control on sophisticated VCRs, facilitates viewing and editing precision and convenience
newscasting	The broadcasting of news over the Internet
ad lib	A term which refers to spontaneous or unscripted on screen action
graphic match	Two successive shots joined so as to create a strong similarity of compositional elements (e.g., color, shape).
destination track controls	Source and Destination controls in Timeline tracks that allow you to specify which tracks source clip items are edited into in the Timeline.
track breakdown	The soundtrack for animated film is broken down into individual sounds documenting the precise frame by frame position of each sound.
post-production	The process of editing film or video after acquiring the footage.
coax or coaxial cable	A video cable that consists of an inner conductor, an insulating layer, and a conducting shield consisting usually of braided metal
in medias res	A Latin phrase meaning "in the middle of things" that refers to a method of beginning a story with an exciting incident that, chronologically, occurs after the complication has developed.
smart collection	When you search for clips in an event using the Filter window, you can save your results by creating a new Smart Collection that gathers clips matching the search criteria
permissions	The allowing of access to certain folders by certain users.
microwave	Very-short-wave frequencies used for point-to-point transmission; higher than those used by broadcast.
coding	once the workprint and sound stock (mag) have been placed in sync, the rolls are coded with matching yellow edge numbers so they can be matched up later once they have been cut up into pieces.
information display system	Use of technology to display information on screens
sam peckinpah	Sam Peckinpah was an American director most famous for The Wild Bunch, Straw Dogs and The Getaway
lcd projection panel	A portable unit that is positioned on an overhead projector and connected to a computer to show the...
ire	Institute of Radio Engineers
nickelodeon boom	Beginning in 1905, a period of rapid expansion in the number of small, inexpensive store-front theaters showing programs of short films
on-disc printing	Rather than use paper labels, discs with an inkjet printable surface allow label art to be printed directly on the disc.
pipeline	This term refers to the schedule of films currently in production.
extension	See File-type extension.
equipment package	An absolute list of the equipment you need to create your video.
scene	A series of shots joined so that they communicate a unified action taking place at one time and place.
follow shot	Follow shot or tracking shot is a specific camera shot in which the subject being filmed is seemingly pursued by the camera
generalized score	A musical score that attempts to capture the overall emotional atmosphere of a sequence and the film as a whole, usually by using rhythmic and emotive variations on only a few recurring motifs or themes
megaplex	A megaplex is a theatre with 16 or more screens.
design button	a button that generates a pop-up list of the menus available for designing and composing a page that has a background.
head-end	The final point before a video feed is broadcast to receivers.
headend	A point of origin for cable distribution.
dimmer switch	A control used to gradually increase and decrease the electricity sent to a lighting fixture, thereby affecting the amount of light it gives.
rendering time	The time it takes a DTV computer to compute and create a wipe, DVE or computer created image.
reel	see UNITS OF FILM LENGTH
fast lens	A fast lwens refers to a lens that is capable of opening to a very low f-stop, generally lower than 2.8, and therefore let's more light into the lens
docu-drama	A program format in which actual events are re-created or dramatized.
motion picture sound editors	An honorary association of sound editors founded in 1953
film-1.66	Use the film-1.66 resolution setting for the film format that conforms to the widescreen 16:9 pixel aspect ratio, (the pixels are wider than high).
magnetic sound	Audio signal recorded on a magnetic oxide tape.
uploading time	The time it takes for a video to upload onto YouTube.
colorist	During the post-production phase, the colorist goes through each frame of the film and uses computer programs to ensure the quality of color and light continuity
objective point of view	Seepoint of view, cinematic.
element transition	an effect that defines the way one or more elements (text and/or graphics) of a screen page moves onto and/or off the page
importing	The process of bringing files of various types into a project in Final Cut Pro
depth of field	In photograph and filmmaking, the distance between the nearest and farthest objects that are in focus.
twain	Software protocol that allows scanning of an image from a scanner to a graphics program, such as...
crisis	The point in a film just before the climax
directshow	Microsoft’s graphic driver software for playback of various types of animation formats, which may or may not include sound
confirmed broadcasting	broadcasting in which there is a back channel through which Players can respond to transmissions with confirmation or error messages
cinema	The place where people go to watch films
intermission	An older term for the break in the middle of films over three hours in length
set	An artificially constructed area used for filming a motion picture
time code	A time code is a timing information printed on a movie clip to indicate what scene, hour, minute and second is currently displayed on the screen.
blended serp	This refers to the introduction of Google's Universal Search in 2007 whereby images, videos, local businesses and news stories appear alongside traditional search results when a user searches for a particular query.
production value	The professional look of a production.
xdcam	Sony optical disc format for recording DVCAM and IMX video within MXF container files.
imag	Imagine magnification
three-point lighting	A common arrangement using three directions of light on a scene; from behind the subjects (backlighting
visual effects	During the post-production process, the alteration of a film’s image.
key bus	A video switcher crosspoint bus used to select key sources (hole cutters) and/or key fills
zebra stripes	These are the vibrating diagonal stripes that are superimposed on the overexposed parts of the image on a view finder or LCD screen to help filmmakers judge exposure.
histogram	A video scope in Final Cut Pro that displays the relative strength of all luma values in a video frame, from black to super-white
tilt	to rotate the camera up or down in shooting.
color conversion filter	Is an optical filter used with video cameras to convert the color temperature of a light source.
jack	Typically a 3.5 or 6.3 mm audio connection.
instructional dvd	Unlike a training video, an instructional DVD is marketed to the general public or to a special interest group
film developing	This process allows film stock images to be transferred to a negative print.
dead screen	A frame in which there is little or no dramatically or aesthetically interesting visual information
cutaway	A brief shot that interrupts the continuity of the main action of a film, often used to depict related matter or indicate concurrent action.
screen	often used with on or off to refer to what we see within the frame.
for your consideration	A phrase that appears in advertisements in trade periodicals trying to convince voters to vote for a specific TV show or film during awards season.
ancillary rights	When filmmakers receive a portion of the proceeds from the sale of action figures, t-shirts, and other merchandise.
vg	An abbreviation for video game.
snub	When a film is passed over for award nominations, it’s said to be snubbed.
layback	Transferring the finished audio track back to the master video tape.
flash cuts	Fragmented bursts of images used to compress action.
production house	A company that rents out video studio and/or portable production gear.
hod	Short for “head of department.” In the United States, the abbreviation HOD is sometimes substituted for the word “coordinators.”
concept	The first formal document you create in the script writing process is called a concept
shop steward	An individual chosen by the crew to represent them in dealings with production management.
microphone	Also known as a mic or mike, the microphone is a device that takes sound and converts it into electrical impulses for the purpose of amplification or recording.
ctb gel	Abbreviation of Colour Temperature Blue, which refers to a lighting gel used to cast a natural ‘daylight' glow on scenes.
batch list	A tab-delimited text file that contains information about offline clips that you want to capture and use in your project
linearity	In a narrative, the clear motivation of a series of causes and effects that progress without significant digressions, delays, or irrelevant interpolations.
webcam	A video camera often built in to PCs, Laptops and Macs used to record one-to-one videos, video phone calls and video blogs.
jack	A socket or receptacle into which a mating plug is inserted in order to make an electrical connection.
colour-override effect	The Colour-Override processes the colours in a drawing layer
crane	A piece of equipment used to raise a camera to capture high-angle shots.
field	1/60 of a second of NTSC video
anamorphic lenses	These particular types of lenses are used to squeeze the width of an image being shot so that it will fit on a film frame
barn doors	Lights can either have two or four barn doors, depending on the amount of control you need in a light
bidirectional	Microphone pickup pattern whereby sound is absorbed equally from two sides only
firewire	Apple computer's registered name for IEEE-1394 digital cable and connectors. See IEEE-1394.
nonexclusive rights	The right to use a work, but not to prevent anyone else from obtaining the rights also.
serp	The abbreviation for Search Engine Results Page.
dolly	A wheeled device attached to a tripod to allow smooth movement of a camera
trailer	An advertisement for a film that introduces the basic elements of the plot and shows some of the stars involved
markers	In Final Cut Pro, points of reference in clips and sequences
cel	In a traditional animation process, a production cel, also known as celluloid, is a transparent sheet on which the animation was inked and painted before being sent to the camera.The picture's outline is drawn on the front of the animation cel and then it is coloured along the back
visual effects rigger	During a visual effects shot, the individual charged with preparing the puppets, miniatures, or whatever else is required to complete the effect.
wipe pattern	One of several standard SMPTE wipe transitions recognized by EDLs
internal sync	Synchronizing pulses supplied by an individual piece of hardware.
digital recording	Process in which sound waves are recorded as digital bits
characterisitc curve	A film exposure plot that shows the relationship between the photographic exposure and the image density produced after the film has been processed.
french flag	A shade that mounts above the lens to help keep light out of the lens
denouement	The “wrapping up” point in a film, where the ultimate fate of the characters are revealed and the story is finished.
wide-angle	Camera lens with short focal length and broad horizontal field of view
master positive	Timed print made from an original and from which a duplicate negative is made.
posterization	Electronic special effect transforming a normal video image into a collage of flattened single-colored areas, without graduations of color and brightness
pal	(Phase Alternate Line) 625-line 25-frame-per-second television signal standard used in Europe, incompatible with NTSC,
print	Made up of one or more reels, this is the end product of a film that can projected at movie theaters
rf splitter	A device that multiplies an RF signal
implicit score	Seegeneralized score.
front porch	The blanking signal portion which lies between the end of the active picture information and the leading edge of horizontal sync.
progressive	Refers to how a video picture is captured or displayed
winding	Designation of the relationship of perforation and emulsion position for film as it leaves a spool of core.
genres	Various types of films that audiences and filmmakers recognize by their familiar narrative conventions
special effects	Visual effects applied to clips and sequences such as motion effects, layering, and filters.
long shot	A framing in which the scale of the object shown is small; a standing human figure would appear nearly the height of the screen.
editing	The process of combining, adding, and deleting audio and video elements to create a television program.
edl	A text file that uses the source timecode of clips to sequentially list all of the edits that make up a sequence
background artist	The person who designs and constructs the background art for a movie set
telephoto lens	A lens that, like a telescope, draws objects closer but also diminishes the illusion of depth.
noddies	An Americanism referring to filming the reactions of subjects, interviewers and interviewees.
gamma	A curve that describes how the middle tones of an image appear
film stock	The strip of material upon which a series of still photographs is registered; it consists of a clear base coated on one side with a light-sensitive emulsion.
broadcast server	a machine that prepares and transmits broadcast files received from a Content Manager machine
white level	An analog video signal's amplitude for the lightest white in a picture, represented by IRE units.
rendering time	The time it takes an NLE computer to composite source elements and commands in it's edit decision list into a single video file so the sequence, including titles and transition effects, can be played in full motion (30 frames per second).
edit control protocols	Types of signals designed to communicate between computers and tape decks--record, pause, rewind and so on
underlighting	Illumination from a point below the figures in the scene.
silk	Translucent white cloth used to soften and filter a light source.
undercranking	By slowing down the frame rate of a camera, action can be made to appear in fast motion when played back at normal speed
chromatic aberration	In optics, chromatic aberration (CA, also called achromatism or chromatic distortion) is a type of distortion in which there is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same convergence point.
pop	Point Of Purchase
digital video editing	Using a computer to perform video editing, the scenes are assembled in the order required.
american society of cinematographers	International organization founded in 1919 and dedicated to the advancement of cinematography
pan	A camera movement in which the camera body swivels to the right or left
pen	Another name for writing, especially in regard to “penning” a script.
production music	Musical selections created specifically for use in audio and video programs. When a customer buys production music, they also buy copyright permissions not granted with standard music purchases, thus averting copyright violations.
actor	A performer who portrays one of a film’s characters
screenplay	A written script that is ready to be turned into a feature film
co-producer	While the co-producer has less responsibility than a producer, they do work on various managerial and creative producing functions
throw	A term referring to the switch over of narration, dialogue or reporting on-screen during a production.
fx	Special effects.
compression	the process of condensing a file, video, or animation using special hardware, software, or both so that it requires less storage space.
terminal block	An insulating base equipped with one more more terminal connectors.
three-point lighting	A common arrangement using three directions of light on a scene; from behind the subjects (backlighting), from one bright source (key light), and from a less bright source balancing the key light (fill light).
super panavision	Similar to Panavision 35, but photographed flat in 65mm
speed	This term refers to the moment shortly after you press the record button when a camera has finished its pre-roll and reached the necessary speed to record both video and audio efficiently.
spotmeter	A device that measures the intensity of reflected light, like on a lighted set.
optical printer	used in printing the image from one piece of film onto another by means of a lens.
ftp	File Transfer Protocol
rf	Radio frequency.
encoder	device that combines or translates a video signal into a different format , RGB to composite
page wipe	See Page transition.
bus	A central conductor for the primary signal path
first generation	The first copy of a videotape
back light	Illumination from behind, above and usually to one side of the subject
size diminution	A cue for suggesting represented depth in the image by showing objects that are farther away as smaller than foreground objects.
impersonators	Actors who have the talent to leave their real identity and personality behind and assume the personality and characteristics of a character with whom they may have little in common.
waveform monitor	A specialized oscilloscope designed to display the video waveform with great stability and high resolution
edit point	Edit points define the part of a clip you want to use in an edited project
viewfinder	A video monitor attached directly to a video camera.
shuttle	To drag the slider on the shuttle control to the right to fast-forward and to the left to rewind
blackface	The technique of taking a white actor and making them appear to be African American by applying black make-up
interframe	Compression using interframe prediction
continuous script	See Self-running script.
greensman	If you’re the member of the film crew who’s responsible for obtaining, placing, and caring for vegetation, then you’re known as the Greensman.
nondiegetic sound	Sound, such as mood music or a narrator's commentary, represented as coming from a source outside the world of the narrative (the "diegesis").
dynamic range	The difference, in decibels, between the loudest and softest parts of a recording.
gamist	A term from GNS theory describing games in which enjoyment is derived from facing and overcoming challenges.
pin-registered camera	A very precise film camera that exposes images in exact registration from one frame to the next.
fps	See Frames per second (FPS).
shutter speed	The measure of time that indicates how long a single frame of film is exposed.
treatment	A detailed synopsis of a movie's story, with action and character rendered in prose form.
cdn	An abbreviation for Content Delivery Network
mhz	Megahertz
negative cutter	The negative cutter takes the negative of a film and matches it to the final version determined by the filmmakers
essential area	Boundaries within which contents of a television picture are sure to be seen, regardless of size differences in receiver displays
vet	The practice of checking over a script to ensure it is ready to be presented on camera.
crawltext	the segment of text that moves through a Text Crawl element box.
parallel data	Transmission of data bits in groups along a collection of wires (called a bus)
quality of illumination	See HIGH/LOW CONTRAST LIGHTING.
edit controller	Electronic control device used in conjunction with VCRs/camcorders to facilitate automated videotape editing with speed, precision, and convenience.
avant-garde	An experimental film that often emphasizes style and technique over substance
kudocast	A slang term for awards shows such as the Oscars.
ambient light	The natural light surrounding a subject during filming.
acrylic sheet filters	Acrylic filters are used outside windows to correct for color temperature of daylight to tungsten light or tungsten to daylight
clean up	After the rough drawings have been tested and approved, all of the noise in the image (the excess lines, the notes, etc.) is removed to create final drawings which can be inked, painted, and shot
slave	The mchien recording the output of a master machine.
printer lights	On an additive printer, incremental steps to increase or decrease the amount of light exposure to the film at the printing stage.
network administrator	An IT professional who is responsible for managing and securing an organisation's LAN and WAN.
sound byte	See SOT.
low contrast lighting	See HIGH/LOW CONTRAST LIGHTING.
through edit	An edit point in which the video or audio content on either side of the edit is continuous.
sound effects	Specific audio material, such as the sound of a door closing or a dog barking, from effects libraries or from clips you recorded
time code	An absolute time reference (clock) recorded on the videotape, which allows every frame of picture and audio to be individually identified
ng	An abbreviated form of the phrase “no good.” This can be used to describe anything that’s gone wrong with a motion picture, such as an “ng take” or “ng shot.”
videocassette recorder	Multifunction machine intended primarily for recording and playback of videotape cassettes.
categories	A YouTube term used for putting web videos into specific genre areas.
1" smpte type a	Industrial and educational uses.
master shot	A continuous take that covers the entire set or all of the action in a scene.
featured videos	A section of YouTube which displays particularly popular or Partner videos.
color palette	A limited number of specific colors used or emphasized throughout a film to subtly communicate various aspects of character and story.
independent film	To be considered an independent film, a motion picture must receive less than half of its financing from a major studio
weenie	An object that provides motivation for the characters in a film
fill light	Majors
digital file conversion	Transferring one type of audio/video file to another for the purpose of uploading it to the Internet or making a CD or DVD.
sound effects	The sound crew adds in these sounds during the post-production phase.
cue	[1] Signal to begin, end, or otherwise influence on-camera activity while recording
screenwriter	The individual responsible for writing a screenplay.
whip pan	An extremely fast movement of the camera from side to side, which briefly causes the image to blur into a set of indistinct horizontal streaks
units aspect ratio	The aspect ratio describes the shape of the grid unit
gif	Graphics Interchange Format
exposition	The part of a story that introduces the characters, shows some of their interrelationships, and places them within a believable time and place.
digital advertising network	Devices, such as television stations or websites, that are operated remotely from a central...
point of view	Often abbreviated POV (used frequently in the slug line), the point of view indicates that a particular camera shot shows events from the perspective of a specific character.
electronic signage	When digital media such as plasma display panels (PDP), liquid crystal displays (LCD) or light emitting diodes (LED) are used to replace traditional signs
new deal	Used to indicate a change during shooting, whether it’s a new scene or another camera position.
seperation masters	Three separate black and white master positives made from one color negative; one contains the red record, another the green record and the third the blue record.
dollying	Camera movement toward or away from a subject
ebu	European Broadcasting Union
phase	(1) In audio, the timing relationship between two identical, or similar, audio signals
720p	High-definition (HD) video that has 720 lines of vertical resolution
motion capture	The movement of real people or objects are recorded via computer and turned into animated images
watch page	The YouTube page that display the full-sized video.
side lighting	Lighting cast from the side of a figure or object.
rs-232	A standard, single-ended (unbalanced) interconnection scheme for serial data communications.
plan-séquence	low-key lighting
tag	A standard format for the final sentence of script ending an ENG report. Identifies the reporter (name) and station affiliation.
quicktime	Apple Computer's cross-platform multimedia technology
chrominance signal	Or chroma signal is a video signal containing color information.
font	A character set or alphabet style.
slug	A generator in Final Cut Pro used to create black video in a sequence
drawing element	In Toon Boom, a drawing element is an individual layer linked to a folder containing all of the drawings exposed in this particular layer and even drawings that are not exposed but are available to this layer.
aircheck	An Aircheck refers to the recording of a program in order to log or screen material.
google video	Sometimes known as YouTube videos, but Google's search engine will display videos from any website.
dv	A standard-definition (SD) digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, 5:1 compressed component video signal with 4:1:1 color sampling (PAL uses 4:2:0)
tube mogul	A service that provides users with data analytics on video content.
invisible sound	Sound emanating from a source not on the screen
blown out	This is a typical film term referring to the extreme overexposure of video
tracking	The video control that allows proper placement of the videotape across the video and audio heads.
receding colors	Colors that seem to recede into the background, making objects appear smaller and more distant from the camera: green, pale blue, and beige.
shooting script	The final version of a script with the scenes arranged in proper sequence.
scratch track	An audio track used as a reference for editing purposes
three-shot	Camera view including three subjects, generally applicable to interview situations.
ntsc	NTSC is the standard analogue television broadcasting system used in North America and conforms to the North American standards on how rectangular pixels are displayed for computer and television screens.
needle drop	A measure or unit of music determined by how many times a selection is played or the "needle dropped" on the record.
stereo	Stereophonic Sound Reproduction
sparkle	Printed in dirt that causes white dirt in the projected image.
flashback	A filmed sequence that goes back in time to provide expository material-either when it is most dramatically appropriate and powerful or when it most effectively illuminates the theme
film stock	The strip of material upon which a series of film frames is registered
linear structure	a plot structure that runs in a chronological or logical cause-and-effect sequence.
off-line	Not in use
linear editing	Video editing style where a program is edited together by moving shots from the original source tapes to a master tape, one by one
hd	The abbreviation of High Definition.
time base corrector	An electronic device with memory and clocking circuits used to correct video signal instability during the playback of videotape material.
codec	This is a digital system that can compress video files into a smaller, more manageable size for file transferring.
canon c300	The Canon C300 is a remarkably light and compact professional-level camera, highly flexible and often sold to ‘prosumer’ customers.
digital display sign	The content displayed on LCD, television, LED and plasma display panels
anime	Animated films that are influenced by the comic book industry of Japan
network	In Toon Boom animation software a network is a group of interconnected modules representing each element in the scene
fill light	Illumination from a source less bright than the key light, used to soften deep shadows in a scene
edge number	Sequential numbers printed along the edge of the film by the manufacturer.
censorship	When changes in a film are dictated by someone other than the filmmaker or studio.
volt	The standard unit for measuring the difference of potential between two points in an electronic circuit.
characterization	an actor’s interpretation of a role in a performance of dramatic literature.
hard copy	A printed document.
winscript	A Microsoft Windows code that executes scripting languages, such as ActiveX, JScript and PerlScript.
camera cap	A cap screwed or mounted onto the front of a camera in place of the lens to protect the camera pickup tube from light or dirt when the lens is not in place.
walk-on	A film role that normally doesn’t include speaking lines and lasts for a short duration of time.
averaging meter	A meter that displays the average audio level
interactive video	A video style in which the viewer must actively participate in the video and in which the presentation may vary depending upon the viewer's responses.
guide rollers	Any roller with flanges that is used to guide or restrict the position of motion picture film as it moves through a camera, projector, or printer.
vhs-c	Compact version of VHS
previsualization artist	These individuals use models or computer software to design sequences featuring animation or special effects
video cassette recorder	Also known as a VCR, this device was the most common way of playing movies at home prior to the rise of DVDs.
eyeline match	During the intercutting of shots, refers to cutting from a clip of a person looking at something to a clip containing the object that is being looked at.
pulse level	The voltage amplitude of a pulse.
view buttons	Use to switch among three different views of the Audio Mixer
saturation	A term used to describe the brilliance or purity of a color.
pal format	Phase Alternating Line
ctdm	Compressed Time Division Multiplex
soundtrack	The audio that accompanies a program's video.
condenser microphone	A microphone using a power supply (usually a battery) to maintain a charge across two plates which modulate a voltage when the distance between them changes.
blooper	A mistake made by a member of the cast or crew, usually involving one of the actors flubbing a line
in player ads	These are online video advertisements that play during the beginning and at intervals during web video content.
over modulate	Referring to the distortion typically caused by having high levels of audio or video
colorization	The computerized coloring of older black-and-white films for use on television and for sale and rental on videocassette.
peak	The point of highest amplitude of a waveform or voltage.
zip pan	Also known as a “swish pan,” this technique involves a quick pan of the camera from one point to another
storyboard	Storyboards are graphic organizers such as a series of illustrations or images displayed in sequence for the purpose of pre-visualizing a motion picture, animation, motion graphic or interactive media sequence, including website interactivity.
hue	A colors position within a spectrum
divx	A trade name for a digital video compression format based on the MPEG-4 standard that compresses video into a small file.
straight cut	A cut in which both the video and audio clip items are cut at the same time.
trailer	A one-two minute selection of short sequences from a film or programme edited together, sometimes with a special music track or voice-over, to promote the film to potential audiences
supervising sound editor	Another name for the chief sound editor on a production.
601	Please see ITU-R BT.601.
dolby-surround sound	A multitrack stereophonic system for theaters that employs an encoding process to achieve a 360-degree sound field-thus creating the effect of more speakers than are actually present.
work print	In a motion picture studio or processing laboratory, a rough print of a motion picture film used for editing and study of action and continuity.
estar base	Trade mark name applied to the polyethylene terephthalate film base manufactured by Eastman Kodak.
patch articulation	Toon Boom Animate's advanced rigging allows an articulation fixing technique called Patch Articulation
client	The person requesting a service; the customer.
storyboard	Often created by the production illustrator (although some directors do their own), the storyboard tells the events of the film and the camera angles via illustrated panels.
fade-out	Gradual decrease in an audio or visual setting, beginning at a specified value and reaching zero in...
vtr	Video tape recorder.
agent	A person who helps find projects and negotiate payment for actors and directors
fake shemp	Someone who appears on screen but whose face isn’t seen and doesn’t have lines
rear projection	A technique for combining a foreground action with a background action filmed earlier
signal	An electric current that is used to convey information from one place to another.
composite	In Toon Boom, a Composite is a module found in the network used to merge several image outputs together.
ccd	(Charge Coupled Device) Light-sensitive computer chip in video cameras that converts images into electrical flows
digital signage system	See Digital advertising network.
rhetorical form	A type of filmic organization in which the parts create and support an argument.
production buyer	During the production of a film, the production buyer acquires equipment, supplies, and property as needed.
communication model	A visual representation of the communication process or media influence.
teleprompter	An electronic version of "cue cards", the talent's script is displayed and manipulated on a computer monitor or refracted through a glass/mirror in front of the camera lens.
character generator	A device for creating text in videos.
watermark	A visible graphic or text overlay applied to an image or video clip to indicate that it is protected by a copyright
cross-genre	two genres combined to create a more rich and complex movie (e.g., Witness is a cross genre of an “action thriller” and a “tragic love story”)
read before write	A feature of some videotape recorders that plays back the video or audio signal off of tape before it reaches the record heads, sends the signal to an external device for modification, and then applies the modified signal to the record heads so that it can be re-recorded onto the tape in its original position.
narrative possibilities	As audiences engage with narratives, they consider the direction the narrative might take
tripod dolly	A combination tripod and dolly.
oscillator	An electronic device that generates alternating-current at a frequency determined by the values of the components in its circuits.
opacity	The level of a clip's transparency.
midtones	The values in an image between absolute white and absolute black.
authoring tools	authoring tools usually refers to computer software that helps multimedia developers create products
clock wipe	It is often acknowledged that using a wipe, rather than a simple cut or dissolve is a stylistic choice that inherently makes the audience more "aware" of the film as a film, rather than a story
preroll	A specific amount of time allowed for tape machines to run prior to an edit in order to get them up to speed and synchronized for the edit
articulation artist	In a computer animated production, this individual takes the designs of the artist and constructs them so that they can be integrated into the film.
flashing	Uniform density exposure to the film prior to processing to lower the stock contrast.
switcher	The common name for the special effects generator (SEG)
subjective camera	A camera that views the scene from the visual or emotional point of view of a participant in the action
gen-lockable master	A main facility sync pulse generator that is capable of locking to an outside source of video.
zoom	The lens of a camera is used to magnify an image.
cameo	lighting foreground subjects illuminated by highly directional light, appearing before a completely black background.
flare	Bright flashes and/or extreme contrast reduction evident in picture, caused by excessive light beaming into a camera's lens and reflecting off its internal glass elements.
mii	Introduced as a competitor to beta sp
fade out	An image gradually fades to black
reel	see UNITS OF FILM LENGTH.
preset bus	In video and audio switchers, a row of crosspoint pushbuttons used to select the video or audio input that will be placed on-air during the next background transition
high frequency	The frequency bands from 3 to 30 MHz.
festival	An event where movies are screened
character creation	The method used to create a character, especially a player character.
blue screen	A color screen (sometimes green screen) used in post production for filming or video taping an object where the background will be replaced with another element.
nonvolatile	A memory system whose stored data is undisturbed by removal of operating power.
medium shot	Defines any camera perspective between long shot and closeup, whereby subjects are viewed from medium distance
generation loss	Degradation in picture and sound quality resulting from duplication of the original master video recording
track header	The area in the Timeline patch panel that contains controls for each track.
film chain	A video camera, slide projector, and film projector in a unit designed to transfer film images to video.
activex	A Microsoft program that enhances browsing experience, enables playback of multimedia in Internet...
bnc	(British Naval Connector) Durable "professional" cable connector that attaches to VCRs for transfer of high-frequency composite video in/out signals
blocking	Blocking is a theatre term which refers to the precise movement and positioning of actors on a stage in order to facilitate the performance of a play, ballet, film or opera
fast motion	The frantic, herky-jerky movement that results when a scene is filmed at less-than-normal speed (24 frames per second) and then projected at normal speed.
background plates	The scenes, photos, or animations that are to be inserted as the background when compositing a greenscreen scene.
dailies	Film dailies are the first one light work print made from an original negative usually printed immediately after processing negative so that action, lighting and rough color can be checked before the next days shoot begins
shotgun microphone	A microphone with an extremely directional pick-up pattern.
pre-production	Also known as “Pre,” these are the various parts of a movie that are taken care of before filming begins
deep focus	shallow space
iris-out	The opposite of an iris-in, ending with a shot with a progressively narrower iris.
straight-ahead	A technique where an entire sequence is drawn from the first position to the last in the sequence, in order
asa	Abbreviation for Advertising Standards Authority.
voice-over narration	A voice off-screen that conveys necessary background information or fills in gaps for continuity.
alpha channel	The alpha channel is the image's channel carrying the transparency information
dv	Many manufacturers released first DV camcorders in 1995 - Sony, Philips, Thomson, Hitachi, Panasonic, etc
edit decision list	A printout of desired in-and-out cues of segments to be edited.
scsi	SCSI is an abbreviation for Small Computer Systems Interface: a type of connection standard between two or more computer devices.
pa	An occupation term referring to a Production Assistant.
vtr	Videotape Recorder
snoots	Cylindrical inserts that fit in front of lights to reduce the width of the beam to highlight a specific subject.
tail clip	The last clip, or the clip on the right side when looking at an edit point between two clips.
married print	a positive print which carries both picture and sound on it
cross dissolve	In editing, a fade from one image to another.
draftsman	The individual who comes up with the plans for the construction of the set.
adc	Analog-to-digital converter.
in video ads	YouTube's advertising system that plays video ads within their web videos.
racking focus	Shifting the area of sharp focus from one plane to another during a shot; the effect on the screen is called rack-focus.
working title	While a movie is being made, this is the title of the film
vitc	Vertical Interval Time Code
sampling rate	the number of samples taken per second when digitizing sound
hdtv	High Definition Television
cut away	A filming technique where the camera shoots something other than the central subject of the video.
snoot	Open-ended cylindrical funnel mounted on a light source to project a narrow, concentrated circle of illumination.
mos	Standing for “mit out sound,” MOS is a take where sound isn’t recorded at the same time
safe area	When you shoot a film or video you must take into consideration that what you see through the viewfinder is often a larger area then your final product
sonet	Synchronous optical network
ad lib	During filming, an ad lib occurs when an actor improvises their own dialogue.
photographic lens tissue	This form of tissue is used in conjunction with a lens cleaning fluid
drawn-on-film animation	Drawn-on-film animation, also known as direct animation or animation without camera, is an animation technique where footage is produced by creating the images directly on film stock, as opposed to any other form of animation where the images or objects are photographed frame by frame with an animation camera.
optical zoom lens	A camcorder lens with a variable focal length. The optical zoom lens achieves this variability by moving a series of glass lenses inside a larger lens housing.
elliptical editing	Shot transitions that omit parts of an event, causing an ellipsis
linear editing	Analog, tape-based editing
playback	Viewing or listening back to recorded video/audio.
inter-positive	A color master positive print.
crash zoom	An extremely fast zoom in, usually done with the manual zoom
storyboard	A tool used in planning film production, consisting of comic-strip-like drawings of individual shots or phases of shots with descriptions written below each drawing.
pin	A mechanism that engages with a perforation to secure the film at the time of exposure, or to advance the film to the next exposure.
detach from parent	The Detach from Parent command is used to disconnect elements from a peg or from one another.
simultaneous sound	Diegetic sound that is represented as occurring at the same time in the story as the image it accompanies.
gate	The opening on a camera or a projector just behind the lens, through which a single frame is exposed (in the camera) or projected (in the projector).
rp-125	A SMPTE parallel component digital video standard.
mid	File extension for MIDI compositions.
frontal lighting	See DIRECTION OF LIGHTING.
warm cards	Pale green or blue cards that give your image a warmer look when you white-balance your camera on them.
log and capture	In Final Cut Pro, the process of logging the clips you want to capture, and then having Final Cut Pro use device control to automatically capture them in the Log and Capture window.
qtv	An autocue company.
cut	An edit in which one clip immediately follows another, with no transition effect
time code break	The common anomaly that can occur when there is an error in recording that results in the time code track not recording.
viewer control	Program design that assumes an individual viewer will control the program's presentation.
ltc	Longitudinal Time Code; time code recorded usually on channel 3 of the videotape that records tape length.
amplitude	The magnitude of a signal in voltage or current
mci	Media Control Interface
aes/ebu	Informal name for a digital audio standard established jointly by the AES and EBU organizations
tracks	Refers to layers in the Timeline that contain the audio and video items in your sequence
subscription	This feature allows you to stay up to date with new videos from users on the YouTube site.
one-sheet	The typical size of a movie poster.
tinting	The chemical coloring of film stock before the image is printed on it
linked selection	An option in the Timeline that, when turned on, selects all clip items linked to the item you select
narrowcasting	The delivery of targeted, customised messages at scheduled times in multiple public locations via a...
edit point	(1) Defines what part of a clip you want to use in an edited sequence
transition	See Element transition.
head	A magnet used to record or play signal on a magnetic medium, like videotape.
chip	Informal term meaning integrated circuit.
automatic audio sync	The "Use audio for synchronization" option in the multicam clip creation process makes precision sync adjustments using audio waveforms in the angles of a multicam clip
doping	Doping is the process of assigning a particular drawing to a range of frames in an animation clip.
variety	A periodical that covers all aspects of the entertainment industry
fill light	A light which makes areas in shadow more visible.
satellite	A specialised wireless receiver/transmitter that orbits the Earth and is used for weather...
sound mix	During filming, this is the act of recording in production sound.
steady gate	A pin-registered device manufactured by Steady Film for precise telecine transfers
compact flash card	Digital media card used by some cameras including the RED camera.
palette style	A palette style is a second version of an existing palette with a slight change in the tint and value
two-fer	Coupons that allow a customer to get two tickets for the price of one.
singing voice	A vocal actor whose singing is substituted for one of the stars of a film.
paintbox	Specifically, this is the brand name for a paint system sold by Quantel
vcr	Videocassette Recorder
matte	A mask which obstructs some of the light passing through the camera lens
gamut	A Gamut is the range of colours that a particular device can represent.
production insurance	Insurance that covers you and your crew from liabilities as a result of any property damage, theft or loss, and personal death or injury caused by your production.
dubbing	Dubbing is the post-production process of recording and replacing voices on a motion picture or television soundtrack subsequent to the original shooting
height of framing	The distance of the camera above the ground, regardless of its angle to the horizontal.
180 degree rule	In order to adhere to the 180 Degree Rule, an imaginary line is drawn between two actors in a scene, and the camera isn’t allowed to cross the line
plasma display panel	Flat-panel televisions, computer monitors and digital signage that use plasma technology to deliver...
elliptical editing	key light
rack	An equipment rack
lead character technical director	Responsible for a whole team of character technical directors during the making of an animated film or video game
d9	Digital S
production	One of the three branches of the film industry; the process of creating the film
cut	The point at which one shot ends and the next begins
cut-out animation	The process known as Cut-out Animation is the action of animating characters made out of several pieces by moving them around frame by frame
pg	Short for “Parental Guidance Suggested, the PG rating is handed down by the MPAA and indicates a film suitable for children without a parent or guardian.
liquid gate	A printing system in which the original is immersed in a suitable liquid at the moment of exposure in order to reduce the effect of surface scratches and abrasions.
4:4:4	Similar to 4:2:2 except that for every four luminance samples, the color channels are also sampled four times.
bounce board	A bounce board is a board that is used to reflect light on a subject that is being filmed
horse opera	An older slang term that refers to a Western.
axis of action	In the continuity editing system, the imaginary line that passes from side to side through the main actors, defining the spatial relations of all the elements of the scene as being to the right or left
ruler	(1) The measurement bar along the top of the Timeline, which represents the total duration of an edited sequence
roll edit	An edit that affects two clips that share an edit point
sound bridge	1
video mixer	A video component that allows the selection of a video source from several source inputs
principal photography	Also known as “principal filming,” this is the part of shooting that involves the actors.
establishing shot	When a new scene begins, an establishing shot is often used to introduce the viewer to the space in which the action will occur.
internal conflict	A psychological conflict within the central character
persistence of vision	Persistence of vision is the phenomenon of the eye by which an afterimage is thought to persist for approximately one twenty-fifth of a second on the retina.
screen captions	Titles placed at the bottom of frames to provide subtitles or information on the subject/character on screen.
morphing	This refers to a computer generated effect that makes one shape or object metamorphose into, or transitio to, anotehr object unlike the first
technique	Any aspect of the film medium that can be chosen and manipulated in making a film.
audio mixer	Device with user-adjustable controls to blend multiple sound inputs into desired composite output
ovp	An abbreviation for Online Video Platform i.e
matching funds	Funds awarded on the basis of "matching" money obtained from other sources.
i signal	One of the two color signals, containing reddish orange and bluish green components to which the human eye is sensitive.
isp	An abbreviation for Internet Service Provider.
betacam	A component broadcast system using half-inch tape and cases similar to those for the Beta format.
cheater cut	In the days of the movie serial, this footage was shown at the beginning of an episode to tell what happened at the end of the previous episode.
electronic kiosks	terminals that disseminate information and services to the public through touch-screens and video displays
fill light	Illumination from a source less bright than the key light,
secam	Sequential Couleur Avec Memoire
film buyer	An individual who works on behalf of an exhibitor to purchase films from a distributor.
money shot	A payoff moment in a film that makes the price of a ticket worthwhile
gaffer	Also known as the Chief Lighting Technician, the gaffer is in charge of the electrical department and responsible for the film’s lighting plan (from the design phase to the execution phase)
2 1/2 d animation	This is a technique that combines moving 2D elements to create the simulation of a 3D animation
source tape	The video and audio tapes that were originally recorded during a shoot
diffusion	The reduction of the harshness or intensity of light achieved by using a screen, glass filter or smoke.
light meter	A meter for measuring light intensity.
dynamic visual messaging	The process of using animated graphic design to communicate to target audiences through signs and public displays.
medium shot	A framing in which the scale of the object shown is of moderate size
autocue	A production tool used to provide a script on set for subjects to read.
eye-level camera angle	An eye-level camera angle is a camera angle with the camera at the level of human eyes
agenda setting function theory	The Agenda Setting Function Theory was developed by Maxwell McCombs and Donald Shaw as a result of their 1968 study of North Carolina voters during a presidential election campaign
synchronous sound	Sound that is matched temporally with the movements occurring in the images, as when dialogue corresponds to lip movements.
axis	The pitch, roll, and yaw of a camera shot determines its axis
phono plug	Also called "RCA" or "RCA phono," popular cable connector for home audio as well as video components
digital dynamic signage	Digital dynamic signage is a term used to describe the emerging industry where flat panel devices such as plasma screens and liquid crystal displays are used as moving posters, electronic bulletin boards, and the like.
dolly zoom	The dolly zoom effect is an unsettling in-camera special effect that appears to undermine normal visual perception in film.
frame	1/30 of a second of NTSC video
compression	the act of condensing or consolidating material for playback, usually means to change it's digital format to allow playback for Transmission on non standard or consumer equipment.
monochrome	An image presented in shades of a single color, most often as the shades of gray in a black-and-white image.
backlighting	Illumination cast onto the figures in the scene from the side opposite the camera, usually creating a thin outline of highlighting on those figures.
surrealism	A dramatic or cinematic technique that uses fantastic imagery in an attempt to portray the workings of the subconscious
ellipsis	In narrative, the omission of certain scenes or portions of the action.
rise time	Time required for a pulse edge to rise from 10% to 90% of the final value.
production assistant	Also known as a PA, gopher, or personal assistant, the Production Assistant run errands and performs a number of odd jobs on the set of a film.
program	The movie you may create in Final Cut Pro
time-lapse effects	With a very low film speed in your camera the effects of time are noticably sped up
vhs-c	A videocassette format characterized by a plastic shell and 1/2-inch-wide videotape
animation	Instead of traditional techniques of capturing images at a regular frame rate, animation creates individual frames that suggest the illusion of movement
color temperature	It is a measurement of the color of light in degrees Kelvin
over the shoulder shot	Often used when shooting dialogue, the shoulder of the character someone is talking to is visible in the side of the frame.
gas plasma display	See Plasma display panel (PDP).
science fiction	A film genre often recognized for taking place in outer space or in a futuristic setting
composite print	The composite print combines both sound and image on the same strip of film, with the sound component being achieved via optical soundtrack or magnetic soundtrack
green screen	A chroma-keying technique where the subject is shot in front of a green background and that background is replaced during postproduction.
eye level shot	This is the most commonly used camera angle in film and television
hand-held camera	The use of the camera operator's body as a camera support, either holding it by hand or using a harness.
asic	Application specific integrated circuit
hmi bulbs	They are relatively new lighting source that produce daylight-balanced light quality
audio meter	A meter that lets you monitor audio output levels from your computer
jessica tandy	United States actress (born in England) who made many stage appearances, often with her husband Hume Cronyn (1909-1994)
omnidirectional microphone	A microphone which picks up sound equally well from all directions.
gutter	The gutter is the space between two adjoining pages to allow for binding.
betacam sp	SP (Superior Performance) was an industry standard for most TV stations and high-end production houses up until the late 90s
scan rate	Number of times a screen is "redrawn" per second
post-production coordinator	An individual who handles many elements of the post-production process, especially those related to organization and paperwork.
equalization	Emphasizing specific audio or video frequencies and eliminating others as signal control measure, usually to produce particular sonic qualities
dip switch	Dual in-line package switch
gain	Degree of amplification
thawed frame	An effect opposite to that of a freeze frame-the scene begins with a frozen image that thaws and comes to life.
legal effects	the lengths for fades and dissolves which can be executed by most printers (16, 24, 32, 48, 64 and 96 frames).
superimposition	distance of framing
cause-and-effect	a linear sequence of events that logically progress from one to the other, with the prior action “causing” the latter to happen
judder	When motion picture images captured at one frame rate are converted to a different frame rate, a noticeable instability occurs
blanking	Portions of the video signal during which both camera and receiver complete a scan line (horizontal blanking) or field (vertical blanking), and retrace to begin the next scan.
on-edge switching	A digital picture manipulator term meaning to switch input crosspoints (video sources) when the back (hidden) side of a double-sided transformed image rotates to the front and the front (visible) side rotates to the back
communication theory	A way of explaining the process of communication or media influence.
footage counters	They are used to show you how much film you have exposed and how much is left to expose
cutaways	Shots done away from the main action, allowing you to delete uninteresting dialougues or mistakes in the main action
electronic editing	Rearranging and "cutting" segments by means of duplication.
aspect ratio	Proportion of picture height and width.
head	The uppermost portion of a tripod or pedestal which provides for the ability to pan and tilt the camera.
out-of-sync indicator	In the Timeline, the symbol that appears at the beginning of a clip when a video item moves out of sync with its linked audio items, or vice versa.
video monitor	A high-quality television set (without RF circuits) that accepts video baseband inputs directly from a TV camera, videotape recorder, etc.
motion blur	This term can apply to the blurring effect produced by either a slow shutter speed or an object quickly coming into the frame of the camera
digital	Circuitry in which data carrying signals are restricted to either of two voltage levels, corresponding to logic 1 or 0
robo-skeleton templates	Although creating a character can be fun, the process of animating it with Bones can be a little daunting
logging	The process of entering detailed information about the clips that you want to use from your source media, in preparation for ingest.
cto gel	Abbreviate of Colour Temperate Orange, which refers to a lighting gel used to cast a warm ‘indoor' glow on scenes.
nat sound	The abbreviation for Natural Sound regarding ambient noise in a location or in a particular scene.
ellipsis	In a narrative film, the shortening of plot duration achieved by omitting intervals of story duration
light table	The Light Table feature allows you to see the other layers in transparency while working on a particular one in the Drawing view.
usb/usb 2.0	An abbreviation of Universal Serial Bus
film plane	A film plane is the area inside any camera where the individual frame of film or digital sensor is positioned during exposure, and the focussed image is received upon the light-sensitive material
storyboard	Storyboards are used in the film planning process to provide an overview of key scenes or sequences
reverse shot	Capturing the same action at different angles to show a counter viewpoint.
vhs	A videocassette format characterized by a plastic shell and 1/2-inch-wide videotape
trades	Professional magazines or newspapers that report on the business in Hollywood
vhf	Very high frequency
saturation	The depth or richness of a colour.
exclusive rights	The right to use a given work and to prevent anyone else from using it.
out transition	See Element transition.
tripod head	The top-most part of a tripod. The tripod head provides the mechanism for mounting the camcorder on the tripod, and facilitates panning and titling motions.
action axis	Imaginary line drawn between two subjects or along a line of motion as an aid in maintaining continuity of screen direction
dynamic microphone	A microphone that contains an element consisting of a diaphragm and moving coil.
real time	When the events in a film take place at the same pace they would in real life
videographer	The person responsible for lighting and camera on a video shoot.
sneak preview	Prior to a film’s premiere, an unannounced screening may take place to gauge audience reaction
blocking	The establishing of positions and movements for talent on the set.
rotoscope	A machine that projects live-action motion picture frames one by one onto a drawing pad so that an animator can trace the figures in each frame
avi	Audio Video Interleave
output	Video and audio that is ready for playback and distribution
short pitch	The perforation pitch of a negative stock, which is somewhat shorter than the pitch of positive stock to avoid slippage in contact printing.
mpeg	Moving Picture Experts Group, a group of compression standards for video and audio, which includes MPEG-1, MPEG-2, and MPEG-3 (referred to as MP3).
line of action	Direction that the action will follow
undershot	The camera is positioned directly beneath the subject, looking up
dead air	The unintentional absence of sound during a radio broadcast.
out-of-home advertising	See Digital Out Of Home (DOOH).
type c	SMPTE standard for 1-inch non-segmented helical video recording format.
motion effects	During editing and postproduction, still images can be made to move or look like the camera is zooming, panning, or tilting movements.
distributor	The company responsible for getting a film out to theaters
ieee-1394	A connecting device used to connect digital video camcorders to personal computers and nonlinear digital editing systems. The IEEE-1394 signal carries audio and video tracks, and is capable of speeds up to 400 megabytes per seconds. See also "FireWire" and "I-Link." (IEEE is the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, a technical/professional society)
touch-sensitive screen	See Touch screen.
color bar signal	Is a test signal which can be displayed as vertical bars of different colors on a color video monitor
motion blur	An effect that blurs any clip with keyframed motion applied to it, similar to blurred motion recorded by a camera.
vicarious travel	The simulation of a trip through interactive video.
rf	The abbreviation for Radio Frequency.
filament	The thin spring that glows to produce light inside a bulb.
exposure sheet	The exposure sheet or Xsheet, is a sheet with several vertical columns and horizontal frames used to indicate a scene's timing
slider	In Final Cut Pro, an interface element that can be dragged forward or backward in order to make an adjustment
reversal imtermediate	First generation duplicate that is reversed to produce the same kind of image (negative or positive) as the original; used for printing.
media	A generic term for elements such as movies, sounds, and pictures.
tilt	To rotate a camera either up or down.
hmi lights	Mercury arc lamps with metal halide additives to adjust the color balance
casting	The process by which actors are hired to perform in a film
dvcpro hd	A high definition video format that records an 8-bit, compressed component video signal with 4:2:2 color sampling
pan	See "balance."
distribution	One of the three branches of the film industry; the process of supplying the finished film to the places where it will be shown
noise	Undesirable video or audio signal interference; typically seen as snow, heard as hiss.
minitripod	A small three-legged mounting device used to hold 35mm cameras, digital cameras, and small camcorders. Minitripods are about 6-inches tall, and are usually used on a tabletop.
back projection	Also known as Rear Projection, this technique features live action in the foreground and projected action in the background
dga	Directors Guild of America.
cold open	A cold open (also called a teaser) in a television program or movie is the technique of jumping directly into a story at the beginning or opening of the show, before the title sequence or opening credits are shown
intellectual montage	montage sequence
clapperboard	Perhaps the most iconic bit of film kit after the camera, a clapperboard (or slate) is used both to contextualise that section of the rushes and to provide a distinctive loud sound so that the camera and audio material can be perfectly synced.
surround sound	Through speaker placement, a surround sound system creates the illusion of multi-dimensional sound.
shuffle edit	An edit in which a clip is moved from one position in an edited sequence to another by insertion
latent edge numbers	numbers that are printed onto the edge of the negative by the manufacturer
two-shot	Traditionally shot from the chest up, a two-shot captures two characters in a medium close-up.
directionality	see microphone directionality.
triaxial cable	Similar to coax, but with the addition of an extra layer of insulation and a second conducting sheath
call sheet	An organisational document for film production which lists the call times for cast and crew.
x-dissolve	Sometimes used as an abbreviation for “cross dissolve.”
gels	Colored squares of plastic material used on the front of lights to provide colored lighting on backgrounds and sets.
three-point editing	An editing technique in which three out of four In and Out points are set in a Browser clip and a sequence
track visibility control	A control at the very beginning of each track that you click to turn on or turn off a track
variation	In film form, the return of an element with notable changes.
technicolor	The best-known color film process, first used by Disney in 1932.
backstory	Events that happened prior to the beginning of the film
tally relay	A relay whose contacts close when an associated function is placed on-air
ccd	See charge-coupled device.
banned	If a film is banned in a particular country, that means it cannot be seen at local theaters and/or home video
d connector	A type of connector that has a trapezoidal shell resembling a "D."
180 degree system	Maintaining left-right spatial relations on screen by not letting cameras cross the AXIS OF ACTION
first generation	An original recording, not a copy.
ycbcr	A way of encoding RGB colour
gelatin filter	A light filter consisting of a gelatin sheet in which light-absorbing pigment or dye is incorporated.
directional light	Illuminates relatively small area with distinct light beam; usually created with spotlight, yields harsh, defined shadows
telecine	The process of converting motion picture film to video.
frame blending	A process of visually averaging frames together over time to create smoother motion
destination track	The track a particular source item is edited into in the Timeline, as defined by the Source and Destination controls in the Timeline patch panel.
gaffers tape	Gaffers tape is wide black tape that is very similar to silver duck tape
rotate view tool	The Rotate View tool allows you to turn the workspace the same as an animation table.
luminance signal	A signal that determines the brightness of the picture
advance	An amount of money paid before services are rendered
ambient lighting	Ambient lighting can refer to:
tilt	This is a vertical camcorder rotation from a single axis on a tripod.
compositing	Achieved primarily through digital image manipulation in modern times, compositing is the art of combining a number of visual elements from multiple sources in order to achieve a single image
bumper	The segment of the film that contains the studio logo
activemovie	A graphics driver used by Microsoft Windows Media Player and built into Internet Explorer for...
steadicam	The steadicam allows a camera to be mounted on a person but it absorbs most of persons shocks or movements
classical editing	Most Hollywood films make use of classical or invisible editing
straight line region	Portion of characteristic curve where slope does not change because the rate of density for a given log exposure change is constant or linear.
second assistant director	The assistant of the assistant director
bezier handles	Controls that let you modify the curve of a line segment between a handle and the next point on either side of it
nonlinear editing	A video editing method in which edits within a program can be changed at any time without having to re-create the entire program
prosumer	A cross between consumer and professional equipment
tint	A color shade added to an image, usually to create an effect, such as sepia.
bandwidth	The complete range of frequencies over which a circuit or electronic system can function with minimal signal loss, typically less than 3 dB
side lighting	Lighting coming from one side of a person or object, usually in order to create a sense of volume, to bring out surface tensions, or to fill in areas left shadowed by light from another source.
rate	In shooting, the number of frames exposed per second; in projection, the number of frames thrown on the screen per second
4qcif	Video format used by H.263 with 702 by 576 pixels.
super scope 235	The origin of Super 35, this process has an aspect ratio of 2.35:1.
composite video	A video signal in which the luminance and chrominance elements have been combined, as in NTSC, PAL and SECAM.
medium shot	A framing in which the scale of the object shown is of moderate size; a human figure seen from the waist up would fill most of the screen.
opticals	Effects created in the lab during the printing of the film
widget	Small applications that allow users to turn personal content into dynamic web apps that can be shared on just about any website.
stunt coordinator	The individual in charge of planning stunts for a motion picture.
aside	When a character breaks the “fourth wall” and directly addresses the audience
deselect	To cancel a selection by moving the cursor or clicking elsewhere.
off-camera dialogue	Dialogue spoken by a diegetic character whom is not seen in a particular shot4, Compare with VOICE-OVER.
cause and effect	In VCE Media, cause and effect is a story element that describes how narratives are organised in a causal chain.
head-on shot	In film, television, still photography and the comic strip medium a close-up tightly frames a person or an object
backlight	Light coming from behind a subject and in the direction of the camera is called backlight
hertz	Cycle per second.
auto-feed	Automated method of feeding drawings to a scanner in which multiple drawings are stacked into a sheet feeder
courtroom drama	This genre of film usually features a lawyer as the main character, with much of the action (especially the climax) taking place in a courtroom during a trial.
prop	another term borrowed from theater.
stabilizer	Video signal processor used primarily for tape dubbing to eliminate picture jump and jitter, maintains stability.
png	the file-type extension for images in the PNG (pronounced “ping”) format
file format	A structure that determines how a file is stored and used, for example, BMP, GIF, AVI.
breakaway cables	This is a sound cable that connects two XLR cables and a headphone extension cable into one cable that connects between a camera and a mixer/microphone.
dolly shot	see CAMERA MOVEMENT.
steadicam	A device that allows camera operators to achieve smooth, fluid camera movement even when moving quickly across rough terrain.
asa	Exposure index or speed rating measures the film speed sensitivity to light.
snr	Signal-to-noise ratio
soft focus	A slight blurring of focus for effect.
generators	Generators can be a set of ten 12-volt car batteries set up in a series or you can have a truck powered generator
switcher	A member of the production team who is in charge of switching between production sources.
craft service	Also referred to as crafts service, these individuals perform tasks such as getting snacks for the cast and crew, cleaning the set, and running a variety of errands.
pal	Features 625 lines of resolution at 50 half-frames per second
downloadable video	Video that may be downloaded from a website and stored on a user's computer
desaturate	To remove color from an image
cross-dissolve	An effect used to fade two scenes one into the other.
differential looping input	A video input port that allows the signal to be looped through to another input.
reaction shot	A brief shot that shows a character’s reaction to an event or another character.
h.264.	A format that is typically used when compressing video.
bomb	A movie which fails miserably at the box-office is known as a “bomb.” In the UK, however, the phrase “went down a bomb” indicates that a film was a financial success.
theme	an underlying philosophical, social or spiritual message that gives the plot meaning and elevates the story to its essential, universal human ideas.
beat	a unit of action within a scene or act that marks subtle shifts in the direction or control of the plot action.
formative evaluation	Assessment that takes place during the development and production process, used for "midcourse" feedback and correction.
pans	Pretty amazing new services
angle control	A control used to rotate a clip around its center axis without changing its shape
monitor	The headphones or studio speaker used to monitor a broadcast.
card	Long gone are the days of huge film reels and endless reams of celluloid
angle of framing	high-key lighting
video blog	Often called a Vlog, a Video Blog is a type of video that acts as a visual representation traditional written blogs.
keyable	An element is said to be keyable if there is a method for separating it from the background video
dvcpro 50	A standard definition digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, 3.3:1 compressed component video signal with 4:2:2 color sampling
overlay	An overlay is a part of the scene environment, such as a chair or a bush, placed in front of the main animation.
digital zoom	A feature found on some camcorders that electronically increases the lens zoom capability by selecting the center of the image and enlarging it digitally.
video sitemaps	Files that inform search engines what particular web page on a website an Internet video can be found.
video deck	An electronic component used for recording and playback of videotape
contrast	(1) The general term for describing the tone separation in a print in relation to a given difference in the light-and-shade of the negative or subject from which it was made
dénouement	A brief period of calm following the climax, in which a state of relative equilibrium returns.
pacing	The timing and segmenting of a program to control the rate of presentation.
key frame	An effect that has been stored in memory, similar to a snapshot photograph
evergreen	Future Proofing, refers to keeping your material current in technology
sdhc card	Small, relatively cheap reusable flash media cards used to record audio and video
windows media player	A computer program from Microsoft that allows for audio/video to be displayed on home and office computers
background	A graphic or colour in a Signbox screen page.
mov.	The file format used by QuickTime for compressing audio and video for computer and Internet displays.
pal	Phase Alternating Line
harmonic	A periodic wave having a frequency that is an integral multiple of the fundamental frequency
film gate	Components that make up the pressure and aperture plates in a camera, printer or projection.
extreme close-up	(abbr
media handle	Additional media available before a clip start point or after a clip end point.
anamorphic	An optical system having different magnifications in the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the image.
objective	the goal or desire of a protagonist(s).
coda	The last section of a film that provides closure to the audience
wipe	A transition in which a geometric or grayscale gradient is used to transition between two clips.
generation loss	Degradation in picture and sound quality resulting from duplication of original master video recording
teleplay	A script written with the intention of being produced for the small screen.
channel 2	Typically the right audio channel in a stereo recording.
dirty track	A low quality track of audio that is not suitable for the final project, but recorded just for reference, so that better quality audio from a separate source can be synched up or recreated in post-production.
british film commission	Founded in 1991, this government-funded group assists in the making of films throughout the United Kingdom
absorption loss	In telecommunications, attenuation of the optical signal within the fiber optic transmission medium
ripple edit	Adjusts the start and end times of a range of clips on a track when the duration of one of the clips is altered.
diegesis	In a narrative fun, the world of the film's story
pixel	Shorthand for "picture element." A camcorder's CCD consists of several hundred thousand pixels, each one building up a tiny charge of electricity in response to the light that falls on it
wet-gate printing	A system of printing in which the original is temporarily coated with a layer of liquid at the moment of exposure to reduce the effect of surface faults.
authoring language	A computer programming language designed for producing computer-assisted instruction.
vectorscope	Specialized oscilloscope that graphically displays the color parts of a video signal, precisely showing the color's strength and hue.
edit decision list	Handwritten or computer-generated compilation of all post-production edits to be executed in a video work.
intellectual montage	The juxtaposition of a series of images to create an abstract idea not present in any one image.
local color	Color seen in isolation from other colors in a totally white environment illuminated by a perfectly white light.
audience	The collective group of people who go to see a film.
closed circuit television	A private television network whose content can be viewed only by a restricted audience
decoupage	This is a French term referring to the overall design of a film, especially the arrangement of its shots.
audio units	The standard real-time audio filter format for audio applications used with Mac OS X.
fli	An animation file format from Autodesk, now replaced by the FLC file format.
cobrowsing	Navigation of Internet pages by two or more users
adjust line segment pointer	A cross-shaped pointer that appears in the Timeline and Viewer when you move the pointer over a line that can be adjusted, such as a line segment between keyframes
lan	Local area network.
gate array	A set of basic logic gates contained in one integrated circuit.
wipe	Picture transition from one scene to another wherein a new scene is revealed by a moving line or pattern
snow	Electronic picture interference; resembles scattered snow on the television screen.
edit	Editing is the stage of ‘making' the film, where we combine moving images and sounds in a particular order to create the finished product
nonlinear editing	Digital "cut and paste" editing that uses computer hard drives instead of tape to store images
monochromatic color design	Color design that emphasizes a narrow set of shades of a single color.
scan converter	A device that converts one video standard to another.
source media files	The original files recorded on disk when ingesting tape-based media or file-based media
cat5	A Category 5e data and communications cable that uses four pairs of wires to send and receive data...
dvd	Digital versatile disc
match	In editing, a command that calculates the match frame for the time specified in the R-VTR's mark table IN column.
props	Short for "properties," objects used either in decorating a set (set props) or by talent (hand props).
studio	A room designed for recording or broadcasting.
24 frames per second	The standard number of frames shown per second during projection of a film
4:4:2	Chroma sampling rates
65 mm	A film format for shooting widescreen presentations
content verification program	YouTube's own tool that allows copyright owners to easily find video materials that are infringing on their rights.
vga	Video Graphics Array
bitmap	A font or graphic file stored as a pattern of memory bits, where each bit specifies the colour of a...
dvcpro	A standard definition digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, 5:1 compressed component video signal using 4:1:1 color sampling (PAL uses 4:2:0)
live-action	A type of role-playing game physically enacted in a troupe acting style.
minidv	A digital videotape format that consists of magnetic tape 1/4th-inch wide in a small plastic videocassette shell.
bump	A piece of animation that is used either before or after a commercial break
double system audio	Audio that is recorded with a separate audio recorder apart from the camera
dubbing	This term can either apply to replacing the film’s original language with a new one, or the combining of multiple sound components into one.
lift edit	An edit in which one or more items are deleted and a gap appears where the deleted items existed
png	Portable Network Graphics
raw footage	Pre-edited recordings, usually direct from camera
cross abrasions	Short scratches occurring across the film width
composite video	An analog video signal that combines all chroma and luma information into a single waveform running through a single cable
feed	Act or result of transmitting a video and/or audio signal from one point to another.
secam	A video standards used in France and several other countries.
smpte leader	a leader placed at the head of release prints containing information for the projectionist and featuring numbers which are black on a medium density background
test signal generator	Device that generates special television signals used for aligning television equipment.
70 mm	A film format for widescreen projections that has a 2.2:1 aspect ratio.
on-line	The final editing stage prior to film distribution
motion path	Lines displayed in the Canvas showing the direction a clip will travel based on positional keyframes applied to the clip.
vectorscope	A special type of oscilloscope designed to display the saturation and hue of chroma signals in a polar pattern
10-bit resolution	For video, a bit depth at which color is sampled
art director	An individual who oversees the building of sets for a motion picture.
pop	Microphone distortion caused by speaking certain consonants (especially "p") into a microphone placed too close to the mouth.
hdv	A format for recording high-definition video on DV tape
continuity	[1:visual] Logical succession of recorded or edited events, necessitating consistent placement of props, use of wardrobe, positioning of characters, and progression of time.
mogul	Now known as a studio chief, the head of a film studio during the Golden Age of Hollywood was often known as a mogul.
force frame rate	This to forces the software Toon Boom Studio to play a scene at the correct playback speed
flicker	Repeated change of brightness on the screen.
xsheet	The Xsheet or exposure sheet, is a sheet with several vertical columns and horizontal frames used to indicate a scene's timing
test signal	An electronic signal with standard characteristics used to test the capability of circuits.
vertical integration	intellectual montage
super card	See Camera card.
frequency modulation	Modulation of a sine wave or "carrier" by varying its frequency in accordance with amplitude variations of the modulating signals.
keyword collection	When you apply a keyword to a clip, a Keyword Collection is automatically created in the Event Library
graphics	This refers to content created either as flat artowkr, or more usually, a computer generated frame, with or without animation, in eitehr 2-D or 3-D.
tentpole	A slang term used for a film that’s expected to be the primary earner for a studio in the coming year
black and white	Denotes a film that is shot without color
intensity modulation	Used in fiber optics as a method of transmission in which the analog signal directly modulates the light source.
splice	Any type of cement or mechanical fastening by which two separate lengths of film are united end-to-end so they function as a single piece of film when passing through a camera, film processing machine, or projector.
slow motion	When a sequence in a film appears to move slower than normal speed
hz	Hertz
video noise	Undesirable static, dots, and graininess in a video picture
themes browser	A media browser in Final Cut Pro that provides access to all transitions and title effects supplied with Final Cut Pro, grouped into related themes.
parallel video mixer	Video mixing architecture where two identical sets of multipliers are used to create a multilevel effect.
paperless animation	The paperless animation process is the action of animating digitally
executive producer	The senior editor on a video production.
tungsten light	Light produced by an electrically heated filament, having a continuous spectral distribution.
overlapping editing	Cuts that repeat part or all of an action, thus expanding its viewing time and plot duration.
complication	During the plot of a film, a complication is something that causes additional tension or an added challenge for the main characters.
noise	Any unwanted signal interfering with the clarity and intelligibility of desired signals
still	A single image taken from a film
stereotypes	Characters who fit into preconceived patterns of behavior common to or representative of a large number of people (at least a large number of fictional people), allowing the director to economize greatly in treating them.
speed	Inherent sensitivity of an emulsion to light
coaxial	A type of cable used to connect cameras, mixing desks, monitors and other equipment together.
digital dynamic signage	The use of LCD, LED and plasma display panels in various locations to display digital content that...
forced perspective	Forced perspective is a technique that employs optical illusion to make an object appear farther away, closer, larger or smaller than it actually is
tilt	to turn or rotate the camera up or down in shooting.
activemovie	Microsoft’s graphic driver software, used by the Windows Media Player, for playback of various types of animation formats, which may or may not include sound
linearity	In a narrative, the clear motivation of a series of causes and effects that progress without significant digressions, delays, or irrelevant actions.
publicity assistant	The individual who assists the publicity director.
shuttle	A variable-rate search, forward or reverse, of a videotape using a VCR capable of such an operation.
chroma key	A key based on the chroma saturation and hue of portions of a picture, rather than on the luminance, or brightness
kelvin	Temperature scale used to define the color of a light source; abbreviated as "K." [See color temperature.]
the trip	The Trip (1967), directed by Roger Corman and written by a young Jack Nicholson, centres on a TV ad director who experiments with psychedelic drugs on the streets of Los Angeles while going through a divorce
audio track	A track in the Timeline into which you can edit audio clip items.
frequency response	A measure of how effectively a circuit or device passes signals or different frequencies applied to it.
minimum density	(D-Min) Density area in the toe of the characteristic curve where less exposure on negative film will produce no further reduction in density.
magnetic soundtrack	Not used much anymore due to the high cost, a magnetic soundtrack is a composite print on which the soundtrack is recorded to an attached magnetic tape strip.
dvcpro 50	Two more digital channels than DVCPRO.
time delay	The time required for a signal to travel through a circuit.
script	All animation projects starts with a script
bnc connector	A connector with a bayonet lock used with coaxial video cable.
flash frame	Frames that transition so fast they can almost go completely unnoticed during a production.
granularity	Non-uniformity in a photographic image that can be measured with a densitometer.
gain	A term used to denote audio and video levels
mail	Mail is the email application that comes with OS X.
travelogue	A film that shows a number of exotic, foreign locales.
horizontal integration	A practice in which a company in one sector of the motion-picture industry acquires or gains control over other companies in that sector
recce	The search for appropriate locations to film at
hi-8	A videotape format that consists of magnetic tape 8 millimeters wide in a small plastic videocassette shell
mp3	Refers to the MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 Audio Layer 3 compression standard and file format
daw	A digital editing and recording device or software application used for editing multitrack audio for music or audio post-production.
cut-in	An instantaneous shift from a distant framing to a closer view of some portion of the same space.
narration	The process through which the plot
turnaround	After a studio decides to drop a movie, it goes into turnaround
dramatic point of view	Seepoint of view, literary.
narration	The process by which the plot conveys or withholds story information
star	Another name for an actor who’s risen to the upper levels of fame and fortune in the filmmaking industry.
voice over tool	Allows you to record audio in Final Cut Pro while simultaneously playing back a specified section of a sequence from the Timeline
edit suite	An edit suite is the place where all of the recorded material (rushes) are imported into a computer and cut together into the final film
screenplay	a form of dramatic literature used as an instruction manual for the production of a movie.
complication	The section of a story in which a conflict begins and grows in clarity, intensity, and importance.
vorkapich	Named after Serbian-American director/editor Slavko Vorkapich, this term indicates a montage sequence
freeze	In digital picture manipulators, the ability to stop or hold a frame of video so that the picture is frozen like a snapshot.
final draft script	It is the final document that incorporates all the revisions and input of the client or producer and all the improvements and finishing tocuhes that a writer gives to the writing job even when not explicitly asked for
saas	Software as a Service
nitrate film	A highly flammable motion picture film manufactured before 1950
cmyk	CMYK is an acronym for the four colours that it represents specifically Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black
equity	In the UK, an actor must belong to this trade union before they can perform in any substantial film or theatrical production
smt	Surface-mount technology
desaturated color	A color of lowered intensity or value
shooting ratio	Amount of raw footage recorded relative to the amount used in an edited, finished program.
4:2:2:4	Same as 4:2:2 but with the addition of a key channel which is sampled four times for every four samples of the luminance channel.
led	Light Emitting Diode
aperture	The opening of the camera lens, as controlled by the iris.
color temperature	Relative amount of "white" light's reddish or bluish qualities, measured in "degrees Kelvin." Desirable readings for quality videomaking are 3400K indoors, 5600K outdoors
kiosk	See Electronic kiosk.
camera dolly	A camera dolly is a specialized piece of film equipment designed to create smooth camera movements
draw object	a box, oval, line, or arrow element added to a screen page using a Design Draw menu.
art cinema	(1) A critical term used to describe films that, while made within commercial circumstances, take an approach to form and style influenced by modernist trends (see modernism) within "high art" and that offer an alternative to mainstream entertainment
trims	Manual printer controls used for overall color correction
metal tape	Magnetic tape coated with fine metallic particles, noted for its high recording density.
asynchronous	Lacking synchronization
point-of-view character	A film character with whom we emotionally or intellectually identify and through whom we experience the film
criterion test	A test measuring specific criteria or objectives used to evaluate the success of a program.
cut	The practice of separating sections of video during the editing process.
telewriter	An individual who writes teleplays for production on television.
gop	A group of successive pictures within a coded video stream
monopod	One-legged camera support
file-type extension	a suffix after a dot (.) followed by three characters, added to a file name to identify the type of file
thumbnail	The small picture that represents your entire online video.
blu-ray	A High-definition disc format similar in size and operation to a DVD, but capable of holding eight times the data
toon boom storyboard pro	Toon Boom Storyboard Pro helps you take an idea and translate it into a visual story that will become a complete production, whether animated or live-action
betamax	More commonly known as "Beta," half-inch videotape format developed by Sony, eclipsed by VHS in home video market popularity
blockbuster	A film that makes more than $100 million at the U.S
headroom	The space above an actor’s head in a frame.
crossfade	Typically used during audio mixing this term refers to the fade in and fade out of one audio track to another.
product placement	When a film shows a company’s logo or product in exchange for financial compensation.
smooth-grain film stock	Film stock capable of reproducing an image that is extremely smooth or slick, registering a wide range of subtle differences between light and dark, and creating fine tones, artistic shadows, and contrasts
flashback	An alteration of story order in which events occurring in the present are interrupted by the showing of events that took place earlier.
replace edit	A specialized form of overwrite edit that aligns the frame at the playhead position in the Viewer clip to the frame at the playhead position in the sequence clip, replacing only the content of the sequence clip, even if no In or Out points are set
aiff	An audio format co-developed by Apple Computer
iris	masking
genlock	A device for synchronising two video signals to enable mixing, for example, overlaying a subtitle...
control track	A reference signal recorded on videotape and used to control the path of the video heads across the tape on playback.
animation	A simulation of movement created by displaying a series of pictures, or frames in rapid succession.
vfx	Short for visual effects.
eeprom	Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
ftp server	a computer that can receive requests for an FTP link from a client machine, or the software on that machine that allows it to do so
master clip	A clip that controls the relationship to a media file for all the clip's affiliate clips in your project.
video camera	A video component consisting of a lens, a viewfinder, and at least one imaging device that converts light into electrical video signal.
contrast	The difference in illumination between the brightest and darkest parts of a scene or picture.
adaptive	Able to adjust or react to a video condition or application, as an adaptive circuit
composition	The arrangement of all the elements of a shot in relation to the frame.
rembrandt effect	The use of a subtle, light-diffusing filter to soften focus slightly and subdue the colors so that the whole film has the quality of a Rembrandt painting.
research	Any and all work you do to learn more about your subject as you prepare to shoot your video.
satellite downlink	The communications path from a satellite to its ground station.
barn doors	Folding black metal doors present on the lights used on a film set
drop frame timecode	NTSC timecode that skips ahead in time by two frame numbers each minute, except every tenth minute, so that the timecode agrees with the actual elapsed clock time
matte box	A box-like apparatus that mounts onto the front of a camera lens used to avoid unwated lens flare from the sun and artificial lights
shrinkage	Reduction in the dimensions of motion picture film caused by loss of moisture, support plasticizers, and solvents, as well as heat, use and age.
aftra	The American Federation of TV and Radio Artists.
saticon	A television pickup tube used mostly in industrial television and electronic news gathering.
short	A loose or bad connection in any cable that results in the cable not clearly and consistently carrying an audio or video signal, which generally will result in static, pops, and dropouts of the signal.
efp	Electronic field production; shooting video generally with one camera out of the studio.
uncredited role	When a well-known actor appears unbilled in a film
run and gun	An American phrase referring to the Guerrilla style shooting that occurs in hectic, unpredictable filming locations.
list view	List of pages by name in the main menu, or by number in the file menu, or an alphabetical listing...
curl	Curl across the width of the film.
live screen	A frame packed with dramatically or aesthetically interesting visual information, usually with some form of motion incorporated into the composition
non-linear editing	With the help of computers, a film can be edited without first having to assemble it in a linear sequence.
monochrome	A video picture consisting of different saturations of a single color, usually gray
craft services	This refers to the catering services available on a film shoot, but on a smaller basis i.e
voice-over	Abbreviated as VO, the voice-over is dialogue heard on the soundtrack without showing the speaker.
webm	A system used for the compression of electronic video files.
speed	After “lock it down” has been called, either the camera operator or the director of photography will call “speed” to let the director know that the camera is running at the correct speed
edit	Process or result of selectively recording video and/or audio on finished videotape
dissolve	Image transition effect where one picture gradually disappears as another appears
lighting crew	Also known as lighting technicians, these individuals maintain, operate, and install the lights on a film set.
depth of field	The measurements of the closest and farthest planes in front of the camera lens between which everything will be in sharp focus
ac coupling	A method of coupling one circuit to another through a capacitor or transformer so as to transmit the varying (ac) characteristics of the signal while blocking the static (dc) characteristics
backlot	A backlot is an area behind or adjoining a movie studio, containing permanent exterior sets for outdoor scenes in motion picture or television productions, or space to build temporary sets.
follow focus	Controlling lens focus so that an image maintains sharpness and clarity despite camera and/or subject movement.
black box	Generic term for variety of video image manipulation devices with perceived mysterious or "magical" capabilities, including proc amps, enhancers, SEGs, and TBCs.
dve	See digital video effects.
digital signage network	See Digital advertising network.
ingenue	The term ingenue can either apply to a young, fresh-faced actress or a role requiring a young and seemingly naive character.
wav	An uncompressed audio format developed by Microsoft and IBM
dolly	A dolly is any sort of moving platform that a camera is mounted on
rendering	The process of drawing an image in a finished, often realistic manner
change-over marks	In the day when theaters showed movies on more than one reel, these marks appeared in the corner of a frame to let the projectionist know that a reel change was approaching
digital signage	an industry whereby plasma display panels (PDPs), liquid crystal displays (LCDs), computer monitors and normal televisions are used to replace and enhance traditional signs
follow focus	If the camera or the subject moves during the shot, the camera may have to be refocused during the take in order to keep the subject in focus
erp	Enterprise Resource Planning
f-number	A symbol that expresses the relative aperture of a lens
scene-stealing	A performance that overshadows all other in a film.
zoptic special effects	Invented by cameraman Zorian Perisic, this 3-D process was notable used in the Superman movies
visual composition	Visual composition refers to the way in which objects – such as props and actors – are arranged within the frame.
resolution	The sharpness of the picture
postsynchronization	duration
feed	A television signal source.
mtv style editing	A style of editing popularized by music videos on MTV in the 1980s
snapping	A setting in the Timeline that affects the movement of the playhead
scene detection	A automated process software programmes use to separate video footage into clips by scanning time codes.
montage	A series of images and sounds that derive their meaning from complex internal relationships to form a kind of visual poem in miniature
script	A set of instructions that performs a specific function, similar to programming
meaning	1
classical editing	See CONTINUITY SYSTEM.
shallow space	An arrangement in which the action is staged with relatively little depth; the opposite of deep space.
high-intensity discharge lamp	A high-intensity discharge (HID) lamp is a type of electrical lamp which produces light by means of an electric arc between tungsten electrodes housed inside a translucent or transparent fused quartz or fused alumina arc tube
on-line	Final editing or assembly using master tapes to produce a finished program ready for distribution
panavision	Seewide screen.
fade-in	A gradual transition from complete black to full exposure.
film gate	The film gate is the rectangular opening in the front of a motion picture camera where the film is exposed to light
interlace	The manner in which television picture is composed, scanning alternate lines to produce one field.
pan	Swivelling movement of the camera from left to right, or vice-versa, from a fixed position
forums	Support forums are available for all Toon Boom Animation Consumer and Commercial Products
black set	A reference level for black balance adjustment.
device control	Technology that allows Final Cut Pro to control an external hardware device, such as a video deck or camera
overwrite edit	An edit type where the clip being edited into a sequence replaces frames that are already in the sequence.
optical viewfinder	A camera viewfinder which has no electronics and therefore cannot reflect the actual picture being transmitted from the camera
megabyte	One million bytes (actually 220 or 1,048,576); one thousand kilobytes.
temps morts	A French phrase used to describe a manner of staging and filming that stresses long intervals between actions or lines of dialogue in which no major narrative development takes place
frame	A single picture image
seamstress	An individual who makes costumes for a film production.
baby plate	A baby plate is a flat piece of wood especially designed to meet the needs of film makers on the sets
flash video	A Macromedia codec used to allow the playback of digital web video productions on websites.
razor blade edit	An edit in which a single clip is cut into two clips.
fresnel	A special light-weight lens used in focusing beams of light
available lighting	see LIGHTING
backlighting	See DIRECTION OF LIGHTING.
exporting –	recording a finished video program onto a medium, such as videotape, DVD, or computer file.
frames per second	Speed of film, video or animation.
time lapse photography	see STOP MOTION
backplane	(Rear connector channel, motherboard.) The physical area, usually at the rear of an electronics frame, where modules and cables plug into the system.
masking	In exhibition, stretches of black fabric that frame the theater screen
speaking role	A role in a film where the character speaks dialogue from the script
sound editor	An individual who belongs to the sound crew and edits the soundtrack.
rendering -	the process by which the nonlinear editing system (the computer) actually creates each transition, effect, or graphic.
lossy data compression	Compression used to minimize bit rate for editing and processing
deep space	An arrangement of mise-en-scene elements so that there is a considerable distance between the plane closest to the camera and the one farthest away
wmv	A type of video compression developed by Microsoft
colorization	The controversial process of taking a black and white film and converting it into color.
set designer	This individual takes the notes and drawings of the set designer and translates them into an actual set
output	Sending video or audio signals out of your Final Cut Pro editing system to display on a monitor or record on tape.
two-hander	A two-hander is a film with only two characters.
lag	The tendency in some camera pickup tubes to retain an image after it is no longer presented to the tube
double take	Like many comic devices, the double take is a compact with the audience
buffering	An online video term referring to the downloading process of a video.
safe base	Film base that is fire-resistant or slow burning
score	The orchestral soundtrack for a film.
editing	1
betacam	Developed as a component-recording professional format to be able to use consumer cassettes…Betamax
television spot	A commercial or ad shown during commercial breaks on television.
microphone	An audio component that converts sound waves into electrical energy.
d3	Introduced as Panasonic's answer to D2, it was promoted as a low-cost digital alternative
roman a clef	A film that looks at a real-life individual but disguises their identity as that of a fictional character
two step flow theory	In 1948, Paul F Lazarsfeld wrote ‘The People’s Choice’ which summarised his research into the November 1940 presidential election
motif	An element in a film that is repeated in a significant way.
editing script	A script marked up with location numbers of each segment on the raw fotoage for expediency in assembling the final program.
superimposition	The exposure of more than one image on the same film strip.
scan line	Result of television's swift scanning process which sweeps out a series of horizontal lines from left to right, then down a bit and left to right again
medium long shot	A framing at a distance that makes an object about four or five feet high appear to fill most of the screen vertically
harry	Trade name of a highly sophisticated and versatile digital effects system manufactured by Quantel
video processing amplifier	A device that stabilizes the composite video signal, regenerates the synchronizing signals, and allows other adjustments to the video signal parameters.
layout and posing process	The layout and posing process is the action of putting on model at the right scale the storyboard for the animator to start his work.
focus	To cause a sharp image from a lens to be projected onto the focal plane (in the case of a camera) or onto a screen (in the case of a projector)
graphics	Anything which is added to the film (words, drawings, diagrams, charts or symbols) in the editing process, especially in the opening or closing credits or for special effect.
chiaroscuro	The contrasting use of light and shadows in a film
digital signage	See Digital dynamic signage.
camera angle	The position of the frame in relation to the subject it shows: above it, looking down (a high angle); horizontal, on the same level (a straight-on angle); looking up (a low angle).
sound crew	The members of the production crew responsible for creating a film’s soundtrack
paint out	To paint something out is to remove an object or detail in post-production
puppeteer	A member of the crew who operates puppets via radio controls, cable operation, or just by sticking their hand inside them.
rendering	The simulation of light on three-dimensional objects; determining an object's surface characteristics, such as color and texture.
pre-screen	To watch a film before it’s released to the general public.
camcorder	A combination video camera and recorder
super black	A value of black used in an image to allow luminance keying in a portion of an image, usually at or near 0
interlaced video	A scanning method that divides a video frame into two fields, each consisting of alternating odd and even lines that are scanned at different times.
opening weekend	The first weekend when a film is released in theaters
value	The proportion of light or dark present in a given color.
quota quickies	Refers to films made in the United Kingdom during the 1930s
film noir	("dark film")A term applied by French critics to a type of American film, usually in the detective and thriller genres, with low-key lighting and a somber mood
blue-screen process	A special visual effects film technique by which actors who are photographed in front of a blue screen can later be inserted into various movie environments; a kind of matte shot.
tape splice	Film splice made with special splicing tape applied to both sides of the film.
reset	To restore a device to its default or original state
passing position	In drawing a walk sequence for a character, the point where one leg passes the other is the passing position.
color temperature	Color quality expressed in degrees Kelvin (K)
directshow	Microsoft's media-streaming software that enables media playback in Windows.
html5	A tag of Hypertext Markup Language that adds support for embedding video in an HTML page
dark horse	An unknown or low-budget movie that ends up being nominated for prestigious film awards
key light	Principal illumination source on a subject or scene, normally positioned slightly off center and angled to provide shadow detail
180 degree rule	Keeping camera angles on one side of an imaginary line running through the set
color set switcher	a special value control to the far right of the color bar in Design menus that allows you to cycle through the color sets in a palette.
vcommerce	The industry term used to talk about video commerce.
nle	Short for "nonlinear editors." Final Cut Pro, Avid, Premiere, and iMovie are all NLEs.
nuvicon	A type of video pickup tube used in inexpensive color television cameras.
peter watkins	Peter Watkins (1935-) is a British film director generally regarded as experimental in his directorial techniques and radical in his message
frame	The individual picture image on a strip of motion picture film.
page wipe	see page transition.
dailies	The first positive prints made by the laboratory from the negative photographed on the previous day.
java script	A scripting language use to create client-side web applications.
black comedy	A comedy film that derives humor from serious subjects such as war, death, or murder
ideology	A relatively coherent system of values, beliefs, or ideas shared by some social group and often taken for granted as natural or inherently true.
wrap	The act of finishing shooting for the day, or for the entire production
pay per view	Streaming or downloadavle videos that require payment to view.
out-takes	Sections of the negative that are not used for the final edit and are therefore removed from the final assembly.
martini shot	Martini Shot is a Hollywood term that describes the final shot set-up of the day
ozoner	An ozoner is a slang term for a drive-in theatre, since it’s outdoors
drive-in	A type of movie venue especially popular in the ’50 through the ’70s where customers watched films on a massive outdoor screen while sitting inside their car
protective master	(also referred to as I/P or Mater Positive) A master positive from which a dupe negative can be made if the original is damaged.
still photographer	During filming, the still photographer takes photo of the cast (and possibly crew) to be used in publicizing the film.
low-light-level gain	A boost of sensitivity for a camera when operating in dim surroundings.
driver	This individual transports equipment between the studio, sets, and shooting locations
video editing workstation	An ensemble of digital video editing computers, monitors, postproduction VCRs, DVD recordrs, and other equipment used for video postproduction and production of photomontages.
isa	Industry Standard Architecture
collage	A film style that assembles footage from widely disparate sources, often juxtaposing staged fictional scenes with newsreel, animation, or other sorts of material
mentor character	a character that helps a protagonist in achieving his or her objective; often, they serve as catalysts and may also articulate the theme of the story.
zebra stripes	Animated diagonal "marching lines" that are superimposed over areas of an image that are very near or exceed the broadcast-legal limits
diegetic onscreen sound	Sound comes from sources we see on screen
saturation	A measurement of chrominance, or the intensity of color in the video signal.
jack	Any female socket or receptacle, usually on the backside of video and audio equipment; accepts plug for circuit connection.
sound effects	Contrived audio, usually prerecorded, incorporated with a video soundtrack to resemble the real thing
widescreen	Widescreen format is a way of shooting and projecting a movie in theatres
prompter	The generic term for the popular brand TelePrompTer.Prompters display the script for the talent to read
video	The picture portion of a broadcast TV signal; an electronic signal making a TV picture
tilt	A camera movement with the camera body swiveling upward or downward on a stationary support
1.33:1	The screen ratio for a television set.
strokes	In Toon Boom animation software strokes are invisible vector lines forming the drawing zones
dve	Digital Video Effects
aerial shot	An exterior shot taken from a plane, crane, helicopter or any other very high position
narrowcast	To distribute programming to a limited, well-defined audience.
culloden	Culloden, Written and directed by Peter Watkins for BBC TV in 1964, is perhaps most notable for its reconstruction of a historical war in the style of a contemporary military documentary
manual lip-sync detection	Toon Boom Animate allows for the manual swapping of mouth position drawings to match a voice track
rotoscoping	The technique of treating individual frames one at a time to achieve animation, or isolate elements for later compositing
ansi	American Standards Institute.
wipe	Transition from one shot to another wherein the new shot is revealed by a moving line or pattern
dichroic lense	Dichroism has two related but distinct meanings in optics
flashback	A SEQUENCE inserted into the narrative "present" which depicts an action from the past.
aspect ratio	The aspect ratio is the specific proportions of a screen image
dvcam	A standard definition digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, 5:1 compressed component video signal with 4:1:1 color sampling (PAL uses 4:2:0)
it	Informational technology
smpte	Acronym for the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, a professional association established in the U.S.A
tie-in	Connecting to an existing sound system, such as those found in auditoriums or meeting rooms
above-the-line expenses	The expenses of a film prior to production
star filter	Mounted at the front of a camcorder lens, gives light sources a starburst effect
wan	Wide area network.
playback vcr	Playback source of video footage in basic player/recorder editing setup
intrinsic	A metaphor found within the natural context of the scene itself.
legs	When a movie brings in strong box-office numbers for an extended period of time, it’s said to have “legs.”
fall time	The length of time during which a pulse decreases from 90 to 10 percent of its maximum amplitude.
angle of framing	The position of the frame in relation to the subject it shows: above it, looking down (a high angle); horizontal, on the same level (a straight-on angle); looking up (a low angle)
return value	the value that results as the output of a function or the evaluation of an expression.
trajectory	A computer generated path or trajectory, that elements can follow
yellow signal	In telecommunications, a signal sent back in the direction of a failure, indicating that the input of a network element has failed
page transition	an effect that defines the way a page moves onto and/or off a screen.
conform	Match the original element to the final edited version.
deep space	An arrangement of mise-en-scène elements so that there is a considerable distance between the plane closest to the camera and the one farthest away
animation	Visual special effect whereby still progressive images displayed in rapid succession create the illusion of movement.
multistyle button	A button in the text menu and clips menu that enables access to text and graphics styles.
new media	Media technology or a form of media communication that surpasses, enhances, and/or alters an already-existing technology; for example, DVD
location mixer	Sounds recorded on location are mixed by the Location Mixer.
overscan	The part of the video frame that cannot be seen on a TV or video monitor
parallel action	a device of narrative construction in which the development of two pieces of action are presented simultaneously.
ios	The operating system brought forth by the iPhone from Apple.
prores 442	An intraframe-only codec that is part of Apple Final Cut Studio
bleeding	Video image imperfection characterized by blurring of color borders; colors spill over defined boundaries and "smear" into neighboring areas.
hoofer	A dancer who appears in a musical film
sitcom	A situation comedy, or sitcom, is a half-hour television comedy that has a recurring situation—such as the family or work place—and a recurring cast of characters.
digital	A form in which everything is defined by a series of numbers, usually ones and zeros (binary).
character design	Each character for an animated film is drawn from multiple angles in poster style format called a model sheet which serves as reference for the animators.
contingency	An emergency pot of money built into your budget
dvcpro	A standard-definition (SD) digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, 5:1 compressed component video signal using 4:1:1 color sampling (PAL uses 4:2:0)
import	The process of bringing media files of various types into events in Final Cut Pro
scroll	Graphics that roll from the bottom to the top of the screen (e.g., end credits).
lavalier	A tiny microphone that can be pinned or taped to a performer to capture sound.
release print	In a motion picture processing laboratory, any of numerous duplicate prints of a subject made for general theater distribution.
digitize	To convert an analog video signal to a digital video format
xlr	An audio connector characterized by three prongs covered by a metal sheath.
orchestral arrangements	Also known as orchestration and arrangements, this is when the score for a film is adapted for all orchestral instruments.
scale	In the Motion tab of the Viewer, an adjustable value that changes the overall size of a clip
cannon	A three-pin connector used with balanced audio lines for line and mic level audio signals
diffusion	1.: A filter used on the camera to create a soft focus effect
attenuation	The decrease in amplitude of a signal.
location scout	Before a film is shot on location, a Location Scout visits numerous places and searches for the perfect building, town, or other setting.
vitc	See vertical interval time code.
commentary	A feature often available on DVD and Blu-ray releases, the commentary features the thoughts of either the actors, writers, or directors
crosscutting	iris
flood light	A light that provides diffused illumination on the set of a film.
mov	A video format used by Apple's Quicktime.
pull-down insertion	The process of adding fields and frames to convert 23.98 or 24 fps video to NTSC or PAL video (29.97 or 25 fps, respectively).
superimposition	Non-inherent titles or graphics appearing over an existing video picture, partially or completely hiding areas they cover
captions	A web video term referring to subtitles on an Internet video.
public domain	The status of not being copyrighted.
metadiegetic and extradiegetic	Gérard Genette distinguishes among diegetic narratives (the primary story told); metadiegetic narratives (stories told by a character inside a diegetic narrative); and extradiegetic narratives (stories that frame the primary story).note
off-line editor	A low resolution, usually computer and disk based edit system in which the creative editing decisions can be made at lower cost and often with greater flexibility than in an expensive fully equipped online suite
ambient noise	Background sound.
postsynchronization	The process of adding sound to images after they have been shot and assembled
diegesis	In a narrative film, the world of the film's story
edl	List of edits prepared during off-line editing prior to on-line editing.
xlr	Or Cannon A three-pin audio connector used with balanced lines in microphone and line level audio applications.
workprint	Copy of a master videotape used for edit planning and a rough cut of the final product
video gain	Amount of amplification for video signals, expressed in decibels (dB).
diegetic sound	Any voice, musical passage, or sound effect presented as originating from a source within the film's world
field of view	The field of view (also field of vision, abbreviated FOV) is the (angular or linear or areal) extent of the observable world that is seen at any given moment.
radio mic	Transmitter mic or wireless mic
motion picture	The finished product of a film production, motion picture can also be known by the terms flick, film, movie, or picture.
linked clip	A clip item that is connected to one or more other clip items, so that when you select it you also select the associated clips
motherboard	A circuit board that accommodates plug-in cards or daughterboards and makes interconnections between them
overture	The music played before or during the opening credits to set the mood of a film.
indirect-subjective point of view	Seepoint of view, cinematic.
pelican cases	Popular industry-standard hard plastic cases designed to store and protect film and video equipment during transit
point-of-purchase program	One designed to be viewed alongside a product it demonstrates in a store.
digital signage solution	See Digital signage software.
hard light	Soft light refers to light that tends to "wrap" around objects, casting shadows with soft edges
breakdown script	A detailed account of all the people, props, equipment and items required for each day of the shoot
toon boom animate	The digital animator's natural companion Toon Boom Animate is a unique end-to-end vector based animation software that includes content creation, compositing and delivery to audiences across media
digital recording	Audio and video are converted to bits of data
establishing shot	A shot, usually involving a distant framing, that shows the spatial relations among the important figures, objects, and setting in a scene.
noise	In video, any unwanted signals that interfere with, or degrade the quality of an image.
graphics	Any artificial on screen animation, typically consisting of infograpgics, maps, statistics, images etc.
iris	A round, moving mask that can (1) close down to end a scene (iris-out) or emphasize a detail or (2) open to begin a scene (iris-in) or reveal more space around a detail.
hiss	The background noise generated in an audio system which is internally generated by microphones, amplifiers, and tape.
pull quote	An extract from an article, displayed prominently in larger text.
bnc	A video connector characterized by a single shaft enclosed by a twist-lock mechanism.
pan and scan	Pan and scan is a method of adjusting widescreen film images so that they can be shown within the proportions of a standard definition 4:3 aspect ratio television screen, often cropping off the sides of the original widescreen image to focus on the composition's most important aspects
interactive script	A script that allows the user to control media production.
ic	Integrated circuit.
voice dubbing	The replacement of the dialogue soundtrack in a foreign language with an English-language soundtrack
film scanner	A film scanner is a device made for scanning photographic film directly into a computer without the use of any intermediate printmaking
audience	An Audience is the individuals, communities and social groups you are making your video for.
dvc	Digital Video Cassette
automatic gain control	(AGC) Camcorder circuitry that adjusts incoming audio levels automatically, alleviating excessive image brightness and distortion of loud sound.
monitor	(audio) A speaker or headphone set.
boom	Extension arm used to suspend a microphone or camera over subject(s) being recorded
multimedia signs	Multimedia signs are a growing trend in the signage industry, where televisions or flat panel display devices such as plasma screens or liquid crystal displays, are turned into updatable signage
wide screen	Known by many trade names such as Cinemascope, Panavision, and Vistavision, a screen whose width varies from 1.66 to 1.85 to 2.35 to 2.55 times its height (as compared with the standard 1.33 times).
comic boom	Comic Boom is simply the finest and easiest to use comic strip software that is used by kids world wide to create cartoon drawing
shot reverse shot	Cutting between two characters who are looking offscreen in different directions, creating the impression that they’re talking to each other.
rotoscoping	Live-action images are traced in this animation technique
dialect coach	When an actor is playing a character with a different accent, a dialect coach can assist them in getting things just right.
compositor	An individual who works to achieve compositing during the filmmaking process.
digital media network	The term digital media network can refer to anything from multiple websites, to multiple television stations being centrally owned and operated
roll edit	Affects two clips that share an edit point
relay	An electromechanical device having electrical contacts that open or close when current is applied to the activating mechanism of the device.
rf signal	Modulated composite (video and audio) signal produced by television stations and VCRs and processed by televisions.
printer points	An increment of light intensity change when printing.
batch	Compressor uses a batch to contain one or more source media files that you want to convert, or transcode, to another format
inverse kinematics	Iinverse Kinematics (IK) is a feature used to mainly animate 3D characters and cut-out puppets with hierarchy
laserdisc	An analog video optical disc format
time-base corrector	A device that corrects minor electronic errors on a prerecorded tape.
ensemble acting	A performance by a group of actors whose roles are of equal importance.
font	A single uniform style of alphanumeric characters, also referred to as a type face.
stinger	Brief sound or piece of music often used as an introduction or transition between segments.
vectorscope	A hardware monitor or software plug-in that enables the technical director to ensure that the colours coming from cameras are accurate.
hand tool	The Hand tool is used to scroll left or right in the Timeline by dragging.
mix down	The final mix of a program.
offline	Refers to clips that are currently unavailable to your project
gamma	A curve that describes the intensity of an image
sequence shot	See plan-sèquence.
voice-over narration	In voice-over narration, one hears a voice (sometimes that of the main character) narrating the events that are being presented to you
crop	Cutting out of the unwanted parts in an image or graphic.
d2	Digital composite format
color seperation negative	Black and white negative made from red, green or blue light from an original or positive color film.
wan	Wide Area Network
antihalation backing	Most Kodak, Fuji and Agfa film stocks use an antihalation backing to absorb unwanted light rays
digitizing	The process of changing analog information into discrete digital information.
cinematic point of view.	Seepoint of view, cinematic.
log file	A text file that contains status and error messages relating to the history of a software...
sync or synchronism	sound that is matched temporally with the movements occurring in the images, as when dialogue corresponds to lip movements.
alternative values	Values that provide an alternative to the beliefs and attitudes held by the majority without challenging or opposing them directly.
perspective	Perspective, in context of vision and visual perception, is the way in which objects appear to the eye based on their spatial attributes; or their dimensions and the position of the eye relative to the objects
luma	A value describing the brightness of a video image
camera card	White type on a black background; either laid to tape or an actual piece of artwork mounted on a card
talent audition tapes	Prior to choosing actors for a job, an advertising agency will contact a talent agency to send samples of their contracted talent as potential hires
rule of thirds	A composition rule for framing shots whereby the camera is divided into thirds horizontally and vertically to form a noughts and crosses pattern
image processing	The manipulation of an image's size, colours, resolution, etc.
mii format	A second-generation component video format invented by Panasonic for use in videotape recorders
synopsis	A page or two that describes all the major characters and plot points of a script.
hi-fi	Generalized term defining audio quality approaching the limits of human hearing, pertinent to high-quality sound reproduction systems.
lag	Camera pickup's retention of an image after the camera has been moved, most common under low light levels.
fish-eye	A wide-angle lense that distorts the image by giving it an extremely short focal point
nicd	(nickel cadmium) Abbreviation for lightweight camcorder battery type, designed to maintain power longer than traditional lead-acid batteries.
super-black	Black that is darker than the levels allowed by the NTSC or ITU-R BT.601 engineering standard for video
calibrate	To adjust a feature for accuracy.
phantom power	Electricity provided by audio mixers for use by condenser microphones connected to the audio mixer
multiplexer	Device or circuit used for mixing television signals to a single video recorder.
head-on shot	When the action of the screen appears to come straight at the audience
objective	The viewpoint of a sideline observer, which suggests an emotional distance between camera and subject
ots	Over the shoulder
master	The final product of any session, frequently the physical tape that a client walks away with
exterior	If the scene takes place outside, the abbreviation EXT will appear in the slug line.
designer	A member of a film production who designs or otherwise prepares various visual elements.
myspace video	Introduced in 2007 as a similar video sharing site to YouTube.
quicktime streaming	The streaming media addition to the QuickTime architecture
afv	Audio follow video.
lens	A shaped piece of transparent material (usually glass) with either or both sides curved to gather and focus light rays
optical printer	A machine used in a laboratory to combine images from multiple reels of film
noise floor	The background noise generated by audio equipment during recording, which inadvertently becomes a part of the recording.
telepresence	A high-end videoconferencing system that simulates a live conference
directing animator	The key frames or key poses of an animation are the responsibility of this individual.
control strip	A short piece of film containing a series of film exposures used for checking film processing.
ampere	Unit of measure of electrical current.
gain	Video or audio amplification, signal strength
zoom lens	A complex series of lenses that keep the image constantly in focus and, by magnifying the subject, give the camera the apparent power to vary movement toward or away from the subject without requiring any movement of the camera.
a-b roll	Videotape editing arrangement where scenes on tape are played alternately on VTRs A and B and recorded on VTR C
task	A command or series of commands to perform maintenance tasks on one or more signPlayers, such as...
module	A lesson or unit of information.
cool colors	Colors that seem to convey or suggest a cool temperature: blues, greens, and beiges.
grip	In the United Kingdom, a Grip is responsible for the equipment that the camera is mounted on
vision mixer	European term for video production switcher.
mono	Monophonic Sound Reproduction
reflector	Lighting accessory helpful for spreading light as well as filling in shadows
video animation editor	You can show the Video Animation Editor for clips in the Timeline to adjust effect parameters, create fade-ins or fade-outs, or change effects over time using keyframes.
quicktime	Cross-platform multimedia technology from Apple
leitch	An editing equipment company.
rate cards	A rental houses's or other vendor's price list.
video conference	Two-way audio and video displayed at two or more locations for several people to speak to one another from different sites.
conductor	An individual responsible for leading the orchestra during the performance of a film’s score
method acting	An acting style that requires performers to draw from their own lives in order to portray the emotions required by their characters
ambience	A type of sound
scene outline	This term refers to a way a writer might compose a visual narrative by listing scenes rather than writing a treatment.
projectionist	The person at a movie theater who operates the projector.
open	The open date is when a film is released in theaters.
output to output isolation	The ratio of attenuation provided by the output stage to an interfering signal driving one output compared to a second output
contact print	Print made where the original negative comes in direct contact with the print film emulsion to emulsion.
focus puller	A focus puller, or 1st assistant cameraman, is a member of a film crew's camera department whose primary responsibility is to maintain image sharpness on whatever subject or action is being filmed.
in point	The first marked frame of your edit.
answer print	It is the final reel of a film when it has been cut, dubbed and cleaned
tracking shot	A shot taken from a moving dolly (a platform on a set of wheels)
non-linear editing	The ability a modern day editors has to access digital footage on a computer or device and piece together a production (in particular different scenes) in any order they wish.
normal lens	A lens that shows objects without severely exagger- ating or reducing the depth of the scene's planes
f-stop	Numbers corresponding to variable size of camera's iris opening, and thus, the amount of light passing through lens
super	The abbreviation of Superimpose, often used to refer to the editing of images on screen.
post-production	The phase of film or video editing in which all of the production elements are organized, assembled, and output for the distribution phase.
voiceover	The voice of an unseen narrator or of an onscreen character not seen speaking in a movie.
script department	Made up of script editors, writers, and prompters, this production department is responsible for a film’s script.
window dub	Copies of videotape with "burned in" timecode
reel	1) Physical object on which film is wound; 2) Length {in time) of film on a given reel
strobe	Digital variation of fixed-speed slow motion, with image action broken down into a series of still frames updated and replaced by new ones at rapid speed
stock music	Also known as production music or library music, this is music that’s often owned by the production company and available to be used on any film.
unc	Universal Naming Convention
lavalier	Small, easily concealed, unobtrusive, and aesthetically pleasing microphone, typically attached to clothing.
digital multimedia broadcast	the process of broadcasting multimedia over the Internet, or satellite, to be tuned in by multimedia receivers, or players, capable of playing back the multimedia program
meaning	iris
stock footage	This is any footage that wasn't originally shot for your video production.
slate	. A small blackboard-like device recorded on-camera that gives program information (name, title, date, take numbers).
production value	The overall quality of a film, based on acting, directing, costumes, script, etc.
i-link	Sony's registered name for IEEE-1394 digital cable and connectors. See IEEE-1394.
axis of action	In the continuity editing
routing switcher	An electronic device that routes a user-supplied signal (audio, video, etc.) from any input to any user-selected output
close focusing	Zoom lenses often focus no closer than 3 feet if they are in front of an object or scene
elearning	A location on the Toon Boom website where you can find information to help you learn more about using each product
cookie	A cut out pattern typically created from Blackwrap to cast creative lighting on the background of a scene.
lighting	The way films are lit contributes to the meaning in a number of ways, most obviously in whether it is bright or dark, but also in more subtle ways such as the creation of shadows, or areas of brightness created by spotlighting
video crosspoint module	In video switchers, a circuit board containing video switching crosspoints.
input selector	A routing switcher or auxiliary bus used to expand the number of video or key inputs that can feed an input of a digital picture manipulator or keyer
cmos chip	CMOS stands for "complementary metal oxide semiconductor."
bootleg	An illegal copy of a film, usually available on DVD
flashback	A SEQUENCE
fader	A vertical slide controller on audio and video equipment.
sequence	A series of scenes joined in such a way that they constitute a significant part of a film's dramatic structure, like an act in a play.
exposure index	Number assigned to a film stock representing its relative sensitivity to light
iptv	Internet protocol television.
chroma key	Method of electronically replacing a specific color (usually blue or green) within a video image with the image from a different video source
handheld camera movement	The camera is handheld, often slightly shaky, creeating a sense of realism.
sequel	A film that serves as a continuation of a story or characters from previous films.
two-reeler	A term used frequently in the silent film era to indicate a movie lasting just over 20 minutes.
hypo	Chemical used in film processing.
line voltage	The voltage level of the main power source to a device.
squib	A miniature explosive device
re-enactments/recreations	A dramatic acting out of a significant event.
mixing	Combining two or more sound tracks by recording them onto a single one.
layout planning	Drawing of the main features of the scene used as reference when planning the animation and executing the initial stages of it.
voltage regulator	A circuit used for controlling and maintaining a voltage at a constant level.
unit production manager	Also known as the UPM or the Unit Manager, the Unit Production Manager answers to the senior producer during the production of a film.
producer	The producer of a film hires personnel, raises funds, and ensures distribution
telecine	A machine that converts the images on film negatives to a videotape format
chrominance	The color portion of the television signal.
body makeup	This type of makeup is applied above the wrists and below the neck
tracking shot	See CAMERA MOVEMENT.
billing	An actor whose name is shown first in the credits or at the top of promotional material is said to have “top billing.” Billing is important to actors and actresses, and many have billing requirements written into their contracts.
analogous harmony	The effect created by colors adjacent to each other on the integrated color wheel, such as red, red orange, and orange
ellipsis or elliptical editing	In a film, the term refers to the abbreviation of time resulting when parts of an action, event, or story are cut out through editing
foley sound	Sound effects recorded in a studio during the post production of a film.
workprint	Any picture or soundtrack print, usually a positive, intended for use in the editing process to establish through a series of trail cuttings the finished version of a film
icon	An Icon is a small picture, usually on a button.
chroma	The color portion of the video signal.
submodule	A small circuit board that mounts on a larger module.
set medic	A physician, nurse, or medical technician on the set to provide treatment to cast and crew.
viewer	A window in Final Cut Pro that you can use to watch individual source clips and set In and Out points in preparation for editing them into your sequence
thx	Dedicated to improving sound systems for both movie and home theaters
print to video	A command in Final Cut Pro that lets you send clips or sequences to your video or audio outputs for recording on tape.
warm colors	Colors that seem to convey or suggest a warm temperature: red, orange, yellow, and lavender.
video home system	The most popular format for VCRs, especially in the United States
sync	The portion of an encoded video signal that occurs during blanking and is used to synchronize the operation of cameras, monitors, and other equipment
artifact	A defect in a visual image caused as a result of insufficient or faulty imaging equipment.
diegetic	Sound that is part of the ‘world’ of a film.
confessionals	A private one-to-one film segment between one camera and one subject/character.
mcu	Shorthand for "medium close-up"
archive	Off-line storage of video/audio onto back-up tapes, floppy disks, optical disks, etc.
gauge	The width of the film strip, measured in millimeters.
nudge	A nudge is a small push (left, right, up, down, forward or backward) done with the keyboard arrows on a selected element
aspect ratio	Proportional height and width of a picture on screen
location-based advertising	Placement of advertisements in strategic locations where customers can be most influenced, for...
ntsc format	The video standard defined by the National Television Standards Committee, the organization that originally defined North American broadcast standards
front end	General terms for all production and preparation work up to the Answer Print stage before Release Printing.
bust shot	A video shot of a person including the head and shoulders area.
rgb	Red, Green, Blue
aces and deuces	These terms refer to the power of light
aspect ratio	Aspect Ratio denotes the shape of your image
real time	Computation or processing done in the present to control physical events occurring in the present
keykode numbers	Kodak's 10 digit number pre-printed on the edge of negative film used for editing and negative conforming.
prologue	A short scene that precedes the main action of a film
close-up	A close shot of a person or object; a close-up of a person generally focuses on the face only.
isdn	Integrated Services Digital Network
r-y	A designator used to name one of the color signals (red minus luminance) of a color difference video signal
speed indicators	Tick marks that display the speed of clips in a sequence
chrominance	The colour level or colour saturation.
reboot	To restart a computer and reload the operating system, either because an application is not...
lto	Linear Tape Open is a magnetic tape storage system that uses open standards
leitmotif	The repetition of a single phrase or idea by a character until it becomes almost a trademark for that character
sync track	A track on a tape of control pulses used to stablize playback of the tape.
dbm	A measure of power relative to 1 mW
batch recapture	A process in which you recapture, at a higher resolution, the parts of logged clips that you actually use in your sequences
hold	Frames in the animation during which the animated character maintains its position without moving
upload	The function of uploading video content onto YouTube and other video sharing websites.
bwf	An extension of the WAVE file format that includes additional metadata such as timecode and production information.
vhs-c	Scaled-down version of VHS using miniature cassettes compatible with full-size VHS equipment through use of adapter
surge protector	An electronic device that protects electronic equipment from power fluctuations.
safety training video	A video or DVD that shows exact procedures for security or safety training
establishing shot	A shot, usually involving a distant framing, that shows the spatial relations among the important figures, objects and setting in a scene.
hard disk	A digital data storage device using a rigid, magnetic disk.
property master	Before filming begins, the property master is responsible for buying or renting all needed objects or property for the production
seg	See special effects generator.
exposure	The adjustment of the camera mechanism in order to control how much light strikes each frame of film passing through the aperture.
advance organizer	A preview of a program's content designed to ready the viewer for the information to follow.
external sync	Sync provided by a generator in common to all the cameras and VTR's in a system.
horizontal scan rate	The speed of the electron beam that creates the scan lines in a video or computer display
chapter	A segment on a DVD that is used during navigation
jog	To move forward or backward through video or audio one frame at a time.
8mm / video8	8mm has 255 lines of resolution
rack focus	Changing the focus setting on the camera during a continuous shot so that audience attention is directed deeper and deeper into the frame as viewers follow the plane of clearest focus
dropout	Videotape signal voids, viewed as fleeting white specks or streaks
forced perspective	This technique creates a sense that a space is bigger than it actually is
protective leader	Film attached to the beginning and the end of the film reel.
tracking	The space between letters.
white balance	To make adjustments to a video signal being recorded in order to reproduce white as true white
finishing on tape	The process of using the EDL from an offline edit to reassemble a sequence from the original source tapes in an online tape-to-tape editing suite.
underacting	When a performer delivers a very subtle or downplayed performance.
dresser	This individual is a wardrobe assistant who helps performers with their costumes.
soundtrack	The totality of sound which accompanies a moving image text.
style	The repeated and salient uses of film techniques characteristic of a single film or a group of films (for example, a filmmaker's work or a national movement).
three-quarter-inch	A popular professional/industrial video-tape format employing larger cassettes and three-quarter-inch wide tape, as opposed to the half-inch width of VHS and Beta "consumer" formats
time line editing	A nonlinear method of editing in which video and audio clips are represented on a screen by bars proportional to the length of the clip
duration	In a narrative film, the aspect of temporal manipulation that involves the time span presented in the plot
ratings	The number of people who watch a television program.
curve	The characteristic curve represents the reproduction accuracy in the full tonal scale of the original film
ru	Abbreviation of rack unit.
fiber optics	Use of optical cable to transmit images or signals in the form of light around corners and over distances with extremely low losses.
parallel cuts	Shots that quickly alternate back and forth between two actions taking place at separate locations, creating the impression that the two actions are occurring simultaneously and will possibly converge.
brightness control	A control used to adjust the illumination of viewfinders, monitors, and receivers, but not affecting signal levels from cameras or other picture sources.
industrial quality	A grade of video equipment not meeting the specifications of broadcast gear, but better than consumer-type home units.
mxf	A common media container format in the video industry
hair light	A light used in filming traditionally placed behind the subject/character at a top left/top right angle focussed towards the hair.
obstacle	a barrier or reversal that presents a challenge to a protagonist’s achievement of an objective.
premiere	Also known as a “bow” or “debut,” a premiere marks the first public screening of a film
dtv	See desktop video.
pixelation	When video is played from a digital medium such as Digibeta or miniDV, pixelation takes the form of tiny squares that appear on the screen and interrupt the quality of the playback
slates	See ‘Clapperboard‘
eye line match	In filmmaking and eye line match is when two people, who are framed separately, appear to be looking at each other.
footage numbers	Also refereed as to edge numbers
disney-fication	The art of taking a popular play or book and removing all the adult content to make it more family-friendly
insert	Usually filmed by the second unit, an insert is a close-up of an object such as a gun or letter that will be inserted into the film during the editing process.
anchor point	In the Motion tab, the point that is used to center changes to a clip's geometry when using motion effects
majors	mise-en-scène
peak meter	A digital audio meter that displays the absolute level of an audio signal as it plays
m-format	A component video format invented by Panasonic for use in videotape recorders
videocassette	A container holding both the feed and take-up reels which is inserted into a videotape recorder and threaded automatically.
take	A Take is the footage shot from when you press Record on a camera to when you Press stop.
enfant terrible	Front the French meaning “terrible baby,” enfant terrible refers to a young director who’s passionate, innovative, and egotistical.
element wipe	see element transition.
slow motion	The effect of slowed action created by exposing frames in the camera at greater-than-normal speed and then projecting that footage at normal speed (24 frames per second).
element wipe	See Element transition.
multiple storylines	In VCE Media, multiple storylines is a story element that refers to how narratives might use different storylines or subplots
sight gag	A visual element that conveys humor through an image instead of verbally.
palette/master palette	A palette or master palette is a group of colours attributed to a character or a prop
depth of focus	It should never be confused with depth of field
movement mechanism	The intermittent mechanism or intermittent movement is the device by which film is regularly advanced and then held in place for a brief duration of time in a movie camera or movie projector
head-end	an installation that is the final point from which video feeds for multiple channels are sent to broadcast or cable television customers
keyer	An electronic circuit that creates a control signal to control a video multiplier based on selective information contained in a video signal.
high-z looping input	A high-impedance input circuit which also includes an output to enable routing the signal to another piece of equipment.
room tone	Since all rooms have differing audio characteristics, a sound recordist will record room tone (silence) in each location where filming takes place
re-ask	An interviewing technique used to get the same response from a subject, but allow the film team to capture it from a different angle.
long shot	A framing in which the scale of the object shown is small
d-vhs	Consumer digital format designed to be used with satellite dish systems
reframing	Using short pan or tilt movements of the camera to keep figures onscreen or centered.
flat characters	Two-dimensional, predictable characters who lack the complexity and unique qualities associated with psychological depth
monochrome	Black and white video
fill light	A light that aims to boost the lighting level on set to erase any shadows and improve the visibility of the frame.
character animation	Character animation is a specialized area of the animation process concerning the animation of one or more characters featured in an animated work
polyester	(Estar base) Polyethylene terephthalate developed by Dupont
letterboxing	By placing black bars at the top and bottom of a television screen, the process known as “letterboxing” allows a film to be displayed fully
control-l	A two-way communication system used to coordinate tape transport commands for automated editing
wrap out	Referring to finishing a shoot and packing equipment away.
extreme close-up	A framing in which the scale of the object shown is very large; most commonly, a small object or a part of the body.
slapstick comedy	Comedy often involving physical humor and non-lethal violence
oscar	Also known as an Academy Award, the Oscar is the highest award given by the Hollywood film industry
serial	Popular in the early days of cinema, the serial would play before the feature film and almost always end with a cliffhanger
top lighting	See DIRECTION OF LIGHTING.
exhibitor	An organization which represents cinema chains in negotiations with distributors.
solarization	Electronic special effect distorting a video image's original colors, emphasizing some and de-emphasizing others for a "paint brush" effect
digital out of home	Refers to digital media used for marketing purposes outside of the home
consultant	A person who offers information and advice in a particular field.
effects browser	A media browser in Final Cut Pro that contains video and audio clip effects.
lattitude	The range of exposure that a film has where a good reproduction can be obtained.
real time	Real time is where the elapsed time on the screen is (apparently) the same as the time taken by the same actions in real life
digitize	The transfer of traditional analogue footage to a new digital format.
underscan	Reducing the height and width of the picture on a video monitor so that the edges, and thus portions of the blanking, can be observed.
back porch	The portion of a video signal that occurs during blanking from the end of horizontal sync to the beginning of active video
tripod	A three-legged mounting device for a video camera or camcorder that provides stability.
objective camera	A camera that views the action as a remote spectator
track	On a film’s soundtrack, a track refers to a single channel or component.
splits	A method of delivering an audio mix of programs destined for foreign language distribution, typically using a multitrack audio recorder
mpeg imx	Enhanced picture quality and multi-generation performance
digital signage software	Software, such as Signbox, that is used to create content for digital advertising networks....
distort	To change the shape of a clip by moving a corner point independently of the other corner points
opening up the lens	This practice refers to the altering of the camera's aperture to allow more light to enter the lens.
dominant values	Those values held by the majority of people in a society.
authoring system	Software for assembling multimedia applications.
dupe negative	A duplicate negative made from a master positive.
flashforward	A scene that jumps forward in time, showing events that are yet to occur.
dub	A re-recording of a section of audio or video.
phoneme	Phoneme is a unit of sound in a particular language.
producer	A cinematic role that is responsible for both editorial and production duties.
superimposition	A superimposition is simply the mix or dissolve mixed into the midprinter light or midfader position and then out
serial control panel	A control panel separate from the switcher (for example, a routing switcher) that communicates with the switcher via a serial connection.
firewire 400/800	These are super quick connections for transferring video data to or from a camera, computer or hard drive.
blanking	The non-visible region surrounding a frame of video.
element	Anything on a page, such as a text line or a clip.
log and transfer window	In Final Cut Pro, the window used to log file-based media and transfer it to your editing system.
frequency	The number of times a sound or signal vibrates each second, measured in cycles per second, or hertz (Hz)
assistant film editor	A member of the crew who provides assistance to the editor during production and post-production
iris	The mechanism that controls the lens aperture.
axial cut	An axial cut is a type of jump cut, where the camera suddenly moves closer to or further away from its subject, along an invisible line drawn straight between the camera and the subject
superimpose edit	An edit in which a source clip item is placed into a track above a clip item that's already in the Timeline at the position of the playhead
macro lenses	Macro lenses extend far enough to bring very close objects into focus
ink	When used as a noun, “ink” refers to the press coverage received by a performer or Hollywood production
point of view shot	Shot perspective whereby the video camera assumes a subject's viewpoint.
dry run	A typical practice or rehearsal of a particular scene in a production.
mike or mic	short for "microphone."
ip address	The number given to individuals computers in a network.
underlay	In animation, an underlay is a part of the decor placed behind the main animation.
control panel	in the Sound menu, the collection of buttons and options associated with a specific type of sound event and used to define the details of the command that is applied by the software.
3.58 mhz	The approximate frequency of the subcarrier used in NTSC video to carry the color information
wide angle lens	A lens of short focal-length with a broad angle of view
colour temperature	The color of a light source, measured in degrees Kelvin.
ntnc	(National Television Standards Commitee) Video format using 525 scan lines, tape running at about 30 frames per second
shoulder graphic	An on-screen graphic places above a subjects shoulder.
tbc	Time base corrector
rough edit	The first editing pass
archetype	An archetype often refers to a type of film character that appears over and over again
animation	Any process whereby artificial movement is created by photographing a series of drawings (see also cel animation
prop	If an actor touches or uses something during filming, it’s considered a prop
tally light	Automatic indicators on camera front and within viewfinder that signal a recording is in progress and seen by both camera subject(s) and operator.
ensemble	A film featuring a large cast and lacking a true lead
colour depth	The number of bits used to specify the colour of a pixel in a graphic
digital compositing	Digital editing is used to take separately filmed components and put them together.
academy ratio	In the silent era, the film frame was customarily 1 1/3 times as wide as it was high (1.33:1)
release	The act of a distributor releasing a film to the exhibitors and making it available for public viewing.
fade	1
duration	A clip's duration is the length of time between the clip's In and Out points.
hi-8	An analog videotape format
compositing	Process of combining separate images into a single new image.
control pulses	Electronic pulses used to synchronize and control video play-back; these can be counted by an editing interface in order to identify relative places on tape.
sync	Any of the signals used to generate and control a television picture, but, specifically, the portion of the composite video signal from zero to minus forty IRE units consisting of vertical and horizontal timing pulses and equalizing signals to maintain the proper relationship of the two fields of video making up each frame.
associate producer	An individual who works under the supervision of a film’s producer.
exposure latitude	Degree in which film can be underexposed or overexposed without damaging the image.
digital video tape	Video tape format that stores image on tape as a binary code, allowing it to be moved through various digital devices with minimum loss of quality.
authoring system	A suite of software that is used to create multimedia content.
gaffer	Production crew technician responsible for placement and rigging of all lighting instruments.
keykode	an extension of the latent edge numbers whereby each frame is given a number
ac	Alternating Current
slug line	A slug line is the accepted convention for summarizing the technical information that defines the place and time of a scene.
focal length	The focal length of an optical system is a measure of how strongly the system converges (focuses) or diverges (defocuses) light
draw object	A graphic item, such as a line, arrow, box, circle, etc.
cut	(1) In filmmaking, the joining of two strips of film together with a splice
animation	The creation of the illusion of movement by presenting a series of images which represent discrete moments in sequential time
generators	Clips that are synthesized by Final Cut Pro
bvh-1000	Competitor of the Type A
spectral bandwidth	In telecommunications, the spectral bandwidth for single peak devices is the difference between the wavelengths at which the radiant intensity is 50% (or 3 dB) down from the maximum value.
public ip multicast display	A device that receives and displays IP multicast transmissions
reversal film stock	Reversal film stocks are very much like slide film in still photography
shade	Any color darker than its normal value
off-line editing	Editing that is done using inexpensive, non-broadcast-quality equipment to produce an Edit Decision List (EDL) which will be used later for assembling a broadcast quality program using more expensive, high quality equipment.
quadmap layer	A Quadmap layer can be described as a deformation transformation layer that does not contain drawings
ram	Random-access memory
acting	The performance of a character in a dramatic production—such as a film, computer game or radio production.
control room	An aera that contains audio and video controls, such as a mixer and switcher for a TV studio.
sampling precision	In sound digitisation, the degree of accuracy in measuring fluctuations in amplitude
counter numbers	A revolving number scale, indicating revolutions of a tape, used to roughly index section of a tape on a playback unit.
pull-down pattern	A method of inserting frames and fields into a video stream to output 23.98 or 24 fps video to an NTSC or PAL device.
filter	A piece of glass or gelatin placed in front of the camera or printer lens to alter the quality or quantity of light striking the film in the aperture.
electrician	The individual who’s in charge of electrical equipment on a film set.
control track	Electronic sprocket holes recorded on video tape to guide the heads and control tape transport during playback.
change pages	Pages that are distributed to cast and crew during production to indicate changes in the script
feel good movie	An upbeat film with a happy ending
goof	A goof is a film take that’s deleted from the final cut due to a mistake made by either the cast or crew (flubbed line, boom mic visible, etc.)
positive feedback	Information confirming that a response was correct.
panning	Moving the camera's line of sight in a horizontal plane to the right and left.
digital intermediate	Digital intermediate (typically abbreviated to DI) is a motion picture finishing process which classically involves digitizing a motion picture and manipulating the color and other image characteristics
base	The transparent, flexible support, commonly cellulose acetate, on which photographic emulsions are coated to make photographic film.
digital video	a video that has been digitized so that it can be controlled from a PC and displayed directly on a computer monitor.
balance	A potentiometer that lets the technician send each input to either the right or left channel on a stereo audio mixer.
artisanal production	The process in which a filmmaker, producer, and crew devote their energy to making a single film, often with no expectation of collaborating on another project in the future
assembly edit	An edit wherein all existing signals on a tape, if any, are replaced with new signals.
voice-over	Voice-over (also known as off-camera or off-stage commentary) is a production technique where a voice which is not part of the narrative (non-diegetic) is used in a radio, television, film, theatre, or other presentation
sequence	A structured collection of video, audio, and graphics clips, edit information, and effects.
ifp	Interruptible feedback
montage	A sequence of video or images played together to represent an event or section of footage.
cd-da	Compact disc digital audio, The standard digital music CD format that is playable on all CD players.
fast motion	Time-lapse photography is a cinematography technique whereby each film frame is captured at a rate much slower than it will be played back
tbc	Time based corrector
playback	Videotaped material viewed and heard as recorded, facilitated by camcorder or VCR.
soundstage	Located inside a studio, the soundstage is a massive area where sets can be constructed and filming can take place
final cut	A film in its finished form
negative cutting	Negative Cutting (also known as Negative Matching and Negative Conforming) is the process of cutting motion picture negative to match precisely the final edit as specified by the film editor
bnc connector	A Broadcast standard video connector used with coax cable
combination icon	a toolbar icon that is divided into two areas
agc	See automatic gain control.
fuse	A device designed to interrupt an electrical circuit in the event of an overload of that circuit.
nonlinear editing	When you use a nonlinear editing application to edit a program, all footage used is stored on a hard disk rather than on tape
vcr	Video cassette recorder
betacam sp	Broadcast-quality, analog video standard
shotgun	An alternative name for hypercardioid mics that have a very narrow pick-up pattern, focussing on sound from one direction.
hi8	Much improved version of 8mm video
event viewer	The Event Viewer is a separate video display that appears next to the main Viewer and is used to play clips in the Event Browser only.
gray card	A gray card is a piece of dull gray cardboard that reflects 18 percent of the light that strikes it
tilt	A vertical movement of a video camera or camcorder on top of a tripod.
crewmembers	Also known as the crew, these individuals include anyone involved with the production of a film who doesn’t appear in front of the camera
super	Short hand slang for superimposition; to put one thing over another
triad harmony	The effect created by the use of three colors equidistant from each other on the color wheel, such as the primary colors: red, yellow, and blue.
nondiegetic sound	direct sound
media stems	Audio or video files that are usually exported separately for audio mixing or post-production, or to match specifications when delivering files to broadcast networks
viewfinder	The small monitor on a camera giving the cameraperson the image of what is being shot.
rca	Very common yellow, white and red cables used with video equipment; yellow = video, white = left and red = right.
wardrobe department	The division of the production crew that maintains the costumes for a specific film
digital signage network	A digital signage network is a series of interconnected flat panel screens or televisions that are presented similar to traditional signage, but can be controlled from a remote location to deliver dynamically changing content.
access	Your ability to get up close and inside the world of your subject
cash cow	A film that’s guaranteed to make lots of money at the box office
alley	The gap between two columns.
assistant production manager	Also known as an Assistant Production Coordinator, this individual serves as an assistant to a film’s production coordinator.
low angle	A shot taken from a camera close to the ground aiming up at a subject.
muted color	Seedesaturated color.
tripod	A three legged stand for a camera.
monitor	(video) A video screen
wireless timecode	A wireless timecode is a set of data attached to both the video (recorded on the cameras) and the audio (recorded separately)
telephoto	Camera lens with long focal length and a narrow horizontal field of view
style	The systematic and salient uses of film techniques characteristic of a film or a group of films (e.g., a filmmaker's work or a film movement).
standards conversion	The duplication of a tape into another video standard - for instance, NTSC to PAL or PAL to SECAM.
narrativist	A term from GNS theory describing games in which enjoyment is derived from creating a good story.
pan	A horizontal movement of the camera from a fixed point.
colour bars	A standard test signal used as a reference when setting up equipment.
tilt	The swivelling movement of the camera up or down, from a fixed position
barn doors	An American term referring to the metal flaps placed on traditional film lights
account	Privileges designated to a user of signBox.
d9 hd	AKA Digital S-100
jog control	A control at the bottom of the Viewer, Canvas, and Log and Capture window that allows you to move forward or backward through audio or video as slowly as one frame at a time
tilt	A camera move in which the camera head pivots in a vertical direction, down or up, from a stationary position
evaluate	To determine a value of either TRUE or FALSE for an expression.
community constituency	The audience or community that is to be served.
itu-r bt.601	The international standard for digitizing component television video, formerly called CCIR-601, and sometimes mistakenly called D1 video
kit rental	A standard industry "rental fee" charged by professionals who also provide special equipment or supplies, such as makeup artist or sound, camera, and lighting people with their own equipment
trimming	Adding or subtracting numbers from the timecode at the edit point to make the edit occur earlier or later than originally planned
advertising displays	Locations that show advertising, such as billboards, posters, flyers, brochures
id	Identification.
d1	First digital VTR
ep	Slowest tape speed of most VHS VCR, accommodating six-hour recordings
academy leader	a leader placed at the head of release prints containing information for the projectionist and featuring numbers which are black on a clear background, counting from 11 to 3 at 16 frame intervals (see SMPTE leader).
polarizing filter	Mounted at the front of a camcorder lens, blocks undesirable glare and reflections
effects stock	Rated several stops lower than normal stock and having a finer film grain, effects stock is traditionally used by the second unit of a production to generate computerized composites.
ugc	The abbreviation for User Generated Content, referring to content that has been produced by customers, clients, consumers or fellow staff members rather than by a production company.
single system audio	Audio that is recorded on the camera at the same time as picture.
dialogue	The dialogue in an animation movie is the text spoken by an animation character in a movie.
element	see microphone element
tilt	A camera movement in which the camera body swivels upward or downward on a stationary support
key light	The main light source.
flat lighting	see LIGHTING
efp	Film-style production approach using a single camera to record on location
boundary	Refers to either the In or Out point of a clip in the Timeline.
timing	Laboratory process that involves balancing the color of a film to achieve consistency from scene to scene
x	A former rating given by the MPAA, an X-rated film was supposed to feature content and themes inappropriate for non-adult audiences
negative cost	To determine a film’s negative cost, add up all the expenses prior to paying for prints, distribution, and advertising.
filter	In photography and videography, a filter is a camera accessory consisting of an optical filter that can be inserted in the optical path
coming-of-age	A genre of film where a young man or woman enters puberty and begins to become an adult
zoom	This is the variance of focal length from wide-angle to telephoto focus on video cameras to allow for a zoom in or zoom out of a frame.
coogan’s law	Legislation in the 1930s that required a percentage of earnings by child actors to be placed in a trust fund for their future use
bus	The transmission path in a computer or network where signals are dropped off or picked up by each...
long shot	A long shot usually shows the subject from a distance, showing characters in the distance with a large amount of scenery.
unit	a beat of reciprocal action or a resolved bit of subtextual struggle within a scene.
afm recording	Audio Frequency Modulation recording
store and forward	The storing of information at routing points from which a signPlayer can retrieve information.
setting	The setting for a narrative.
foley mixer	This sound mixing position works in conjunction with the foley artist to create the incidental sound effects for a film.
scrims	Metal fixtures used to adjust light intensity
reaction shot	A shot showing how a subject/character is responding to an event.
wave	An audio file format most commonly used for storing uncompressed linear pulse code modulation (LPCM) audio data.
widescreen formats	Screen ratios wider than the Academy ratio, which is standardized at 1.37:1 in the United States
editing controller	A device that controls VTR's during the editing process; editing interface.
optical track	Sound track in which the sound record takes the form of density variations in a photographic image
fill light	In television, film, stage, or photographic lighting, a fill light (often simply fill) may be used to reduce the contrast of a scene and provide some illumination for the areas of the image that are in shadow
lateral wipe	A highly stylized edit whereby one scene replaces the former scene by appearing to wipe it away from right to left or left to right
lip sync	Proper synchronization of video with audio -- lip movement with audible speech
tablet/pen	Device used in conjunction with, or instead of, a mouse, to move a mouse pointer (sometimes referred to as the cursor) around the computer screen.
line-out monitor	A monitor that is connected to a recording device to show how the finished product will appear or sound
pixel	One dot in a video or still image
dv8mm	A digital videotape format that consists of magnetic tape 8 millimeters wide in a small plastic videocassette shell. DV8mm is superior in quality to both 8mm and Hi-8.
chute cowboys	Parachutists who either perform stunts involving parachutes or assist actors in preparing for such stunts.
wild sound	Ambient, natural sounds that occur in any filming environment.
video journalist	Abbreviated as VJ, this refers to the occupation of filming or presenting video.
betamax	A half-inch cassette standard developed by the Sony Corporation.
quick-access button	in the File menu, a button that leads directly to a specific folder, eliminating the need to navigate step-by-step to the folder.
index server	a machine accessible to i-play playback machines via HTTP that contains a list of available i-play channels
visual density	Spectral Sensitivity of the receptor which approximates that of the human eye.
pci	Peripheral Connect Interface
frequency	The number of complete cycles of a periodic waveform that occur in a given length of time
overwrite edit	In an overwrite edit, one or more source clips overwrite any clips in the primary storyline or a selected storyline, starting at a range selection start point or at the skimmer or playhead position
shotlist	A Shotlist works the same as a Log Sheet.
link	To connect video and audio clip items in the Timeline so that when one item is selected, moved, or trimmed, all other items linked to it are affected.
xsan	Apple software for clustering multiple RAIDs together into a storage area network (SAN)
telephoto lens	A lens of long focal length that affects a scene's perspective by enlarging distant planes and making them seem close to the foreground planes
topline	A performer whose name is listed above the title on promotional material and the film’s credits
dual system recording	A recording process in which video is captured on one recording device and audio is recorded on another
nabet	National Association for Broadcast Employees and Technicians.
pcb	Printed circuit board
cookie	A cookie is a cutout peice of pattern, cut out from a material and placed in front of a light to cast a patterned shadow
gfx	An abbreviation for Graphic Effects.
tcp/ip	Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
anamorphic lens	A lens for making widescreen films using regular Academy ratio
look of outward regard	An objective shot that shows a character looking off-screen and thereby cues us to wonder what the character is looking at.
cardioid	The most common type of unidirectional microphone
black balance adjustment	Is done in order to assure that black has no color
reduction printing	Making a copy of smaller size than the original by optical printing.
luminance	The brightness portion of the video signal.
re-recording mixer	The individual on the sound crew who mixes the final sound elements (including sound effects, foley, and dialogue).
zoom shot	The magnification of an object is either decreased (zoom out or zoom back) or increased (zoom in) by the movement of the camera lense
motion control	A computerized method of planning and repeating camera movements on miniatures, models, and process work.
composite video signal	A signal that consists of video (luminance and color subcarrier), sync (horizontal and vertical), and color burst signals.
fill light	The main purpose of a fill light is to fill in the shadows left by the key light
back focus	The distance from the rear element of a lens to the image plane on the camera.
mac	Multiplex analog components.
bwf	An extension of the WAV file format that includes additional metadata such as timecode and production information.
camera movement	The onscreen impression that the framing is changing with respect to the scene being photographed
directors guild-producer training plan	The Director’s Guild of America has numerous training programs whereby individuals can be placed with film and television productions to gain training and experience
depth of field	The depth of field refers to the range of objects in a shot that are in focus
magic lantern	Third-party firmware that can be installed on some models of DSLR cameras to add some basic video camera features such as zebra stripes, audio meters, etc.
flexible frame	a dotted box that appears when you drag the mouse on a background in a Design menu
contrast	In a film image, the amount of contrast refers to the difference between the maximum and minimum amounts of light.
offscreen sound	Simultaneous sound from a source assumed to be in the space of the scene but outside what is visible onscreen.
dutch angle	A typical film technique in which the camera is titled diagonally to express tension, energy or fun.
line producer	During filmmaking, a line producer is responsible for overseeing every matter and every person involved in the production.
aperture	The opening in a lens, controlling the amount of light that passes through the lens.
rolling shutter	Rolling shutter refers to the method that CMOS cameras use to scan an image by "rolling" or moving teh shutter across part of the image, so that not all part of the image are recorded at the same time, even though they are played back as a single frame.
information display systems	Technology used to display information on screens for communication.
memory	The ability to retain a given setting.
convention	A well-established way of constructing a media text
betacam sp	A high-end, standard definition component analog video format that supports four tracks of analog audio.
waveform monitor	A video scope in Final Cut Pro that displays the relative levels of luma and chroma in the clip currently being examined
talkie	An early term for films that included spoken dialogue.
production report	A report written daily that documents the actual progress of the film versus the planned progress.
aspect ratio	The ratio of the projected image's width to its height
print to video	In Final Cut Pro, this command renders your sequence and prepares it to output to videotape.
asynchronous sound	Sound that is not matched temporally with the movements occurring in the image, as when dialogue is out of synchronization with lip movements.
unity gain	An amplifier or active circuit in which the output amplitude is the same as the input amplitude.
stunt	Usually performed by a stuntman, a stunt usually takes place during an action scene and would involve a great amount of danger for an untrained individual
room tone	The low level of background noise that exists in any recording
hot	A cinematic term referring to when a subject is overexposed by intense lighting.
word-of-mouth	After people see a film, they’ll share their opinions with friends and either give positive word-of-mouth or negative word-of-mouth.
cgi	This can include photographed images that have been manipulated digitally or images designed on a computer from scratch
mini-dv	A popular digital video format used in consumer and prosumer camcorders.
backlight	A light used in filming traditionally placed behind the subject/character at a top left/top right angle
d5hd	Compressed HD version of D5
serif	A typeface that has hooks on the end of letters, such as Times New Roman, Garamond and Trajan.
ambient sound	(ambience) Natural background sounds, representative of a given recording environment
film magazines	A reel of film stock that’s placed in the camera for shooting
anchor item	When you first link multiple audio clip items to a video item in the Timeline, that video item is considered the "anchor" item to which the sync of all other linked audio items is compared
in-store digital media	See digital signage.
color bar	the horizontal strip at the top of most Design menus, used to assign colors to elements and certain styles
hollywood editing	See CONTINUITY SYSTEM.
sound-over	Any sound that is not represented as being directly audible within the space and time of the images on the screen
digital in-store merchandising	Digital in-store merchandising refers the use of digital audio/visual equipment in retail environments to help compete for consumer attention
tour de force	A masterful performance from an actor in a leading role
partners	YouTube's major content partners, allowing partners to monetize their videos.
24-bit resolution	A bit depth used for high-quality audio playback.
edl	An abbreviate of Edit Decision List, which refers to the master list of every sound, visual and effect made during editing.
autofocus	An Autofocus (or AF) optical system uses a sensor, a control system and a motor to focus fully automatic or on a manually selected point or area
screen direction	The right-left relationships in a scene, set up in an establishing shot and determined by the position of characters and objects in the frame, by the directions of movement, and by the characters' eyelines
boom	A pole upon which a microphone can be suspended above the scene being filmed and that is used to change the microphone's position as the action shifts.
frame-accurate	A term to describe the highest precision in video editing
sticks	An alternative word used for Tripods.
low-con print	a print that is made on a print stock which has been flashed evenly white light prior to the image being exposed on it
broadcast quality	Video and audio quality standards developed by the National Association of Broadcasters
rf converter	Device that converts audio and video signals into a combined RF signal suitable for reception by a standard TV.
genre	A type or category of film, such as the musical, the Western, the thriller, or the science fiction film.
h&d curve	The graph made by plotting the density of a film sample against the log of the exposure that made that density
boot	Turn on a computer
extreme close-up	A framing that enlarges a small detail, such as an eye or a line of newsprint.
digital imaging technician	This person used digital production techniques to assist the cinematographer during the production of a film
lan	Local Area Network
orchestrator	The individual who writes orchestral arrangements for a motion picture.
in point	The edit point that specifies the first frame of a clip to be edited into a sequence.
cg	These letters stand for character generator, the eletronic text composing device that is the most downstream device in a television switcher before program
frequency	In a narrative film, the aspect of temporal manipulation that involves the number of times any story
paintbox	Trade name of a computer graphics system manufactured by Quantel
scrub tool	A tool used to scrub through clips displayed when the Browser is in icon view.
afm	See audio frequency modulation.
reversal film	Film that processes to a positive mage after exposure in a camera.
ada	Abbreviation for Americans with Disabilities Act
comment	A YouTube function where users can respond to other online videos via text.
betacam	Portable camera/recorder system using 1/2-inch tape originally developed by Sony
raster	In simplest terms, an image composed of discrete pixels
variable speed	Speed that varies dynamically, in forward or reverse motion, in a single clip.
refresh rate	The number of times per second an image is scanned on a screen to form the picture
modulator	A circuit that modifies a carrier wave by amplitude, phase, and/or frequency.
generator	Often used during location shoots, a generator (aka Genny) is an engine that uses diesel to provide electrical power
mpeg-4	Motion Picture Experts Group-4
screen test	An actor performs a role in front of a camera, which serves as a kind of audition
avatar	An Internet picture that represents an account, profile or person.
roping	Continuous sprocket tooth indentation along the length of the film; caused by a bad splice or other damage that forces the film to ride off the sprocket.
scanner	A device for scanning images and converting them into an electronic signal in a standard video format.
stream	This term has two meanings; the stream of data which is transmitted over a network to allow for the play back of a video and it also refers to watching streams that other YouTube users are watching.
over the shoulder shot	The view of the primary subject with the back of another person's shoulder and head in the foreground.
action acting	The kind of acting seen in action/adventure films
a/v screenplay format	Industry script format that splits picture and audio into two columns so that visuals can be described with their corresponding dialog, music, and sound FX displayed side by side
extreme long shot	A framing in which the scale of the object shown is very small; a building, landscape, or crowd of people will fill the screen.
betamax	Was the first successful consumer videocassette
bmi	Broadcast Music, Inc.
cut	in editing, a single unbroken strip of film
rack focus	see FOCUS.
continuity editing	A style of editing marked by its emphasis on maintaining the continuous and seemingly uninterrupted flow of action in a story
safety area	In animation and movie, the safety area is a zone at the centre of the scene's frame safe from being cropped by the TV frame
moppet	A child or pre-teen actor.
uart	Universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter
render files	Files that Final Cut Pro generates when you render transitions and effects
tracking control	The control used to maintain alignment of the video head with the tracks of video information on a tape.
cross-cutting	Cross-cutting is an editing technique most often used in films to establish action occurring at the same time in two different locations
weave	Periodic sideways movement of the image as a result of mechanical faults in camera, printer or projector.
key light	The key light is the first and usually most important light that a photographer, cinematographer, or other scene composer will use in a lighting setup
super tech	A production occupation referring to Supervising Technicians.
flow	Sequence of pages that displays when a script is run.
boom operator	A member of the sound crew who holds the boom microphone near the actors to pick up their dialogue.
sword and sandal epic	Usually applied to films taking place in fantasy or biblical settings, due to the use of swords and sandals by the main characters
montage	An effect where a film’s character is shown doing a number of things in rapid order
montage	(1) A synonym for editing
rotary table	In Toon Boom Digital Pro, the Rotary Table is equivalent to the animation disk/table and allows to rotate the workspace to be more comfortable while drawing.
bayonet	Mount used on most cameras to secure the lens on the body by using a lens fixing ring
continuity report	Also known as a continuity script, this is a list of events that took place before a particular scene
mos	MOS is a standard motion picture jargon abbreviation, used in production reports to indicate an associated film segment has no synchronous audio track.
setting	The fictional world in which the game takes place.
censorship	Editing or banning media texts for political, social or moral reasons.
spot reel	Originally a quantity of video tape spooled off onto a smaller reel from a larger one
element transition	A way of defining how an element moves on or off the page.
sound effects	Sound effects are usually added in the editing process
saturation	In color, the purity of that color
d6	Digital HDTV
categorical form	A type of filmic organization in which the parts treat distinct subsets of a topic
destination	A set of preconfigured export settings that you can use to share a project or clip from Final Cut Pro
simulationist	A term from GNS theory for games in which enjoyment is derived from deep immersion in a new (simulated) world.
diffuser	Gauzy or translucent material that alters the quality of light passing through it to produce less intense, flatter lighting with weaker, less noticeable shadows.
society of operating cameramen	Abbreviated SOC, this is a society for those who operate cameras in the film industry
waveform monitor	A specialized oscilloscope for displaying video signal levels and timing.
typecasting	The tendency of major studios and some directors to lock certain actors into a narrow range of almost identical roles.
cinema audio society	Abbreviated CAS, the Cinema Audio Society is a non-profit organization dedicated to sharing information among sound professionals
aspect ratio	A measurement that indicates the vertical and horizontal aspects of a film image
production design plan	In VCE Media, the production design plan is the planning document for a media production
compositing	Combining several images together, sometimes using layering, to create a single scene
dedicated microprocessor	A device that has a single purpose, designed specifically for producing or playing back interactive video programs.
processing time	The time it takes for a video to become playable after upload to the Internet.
swish pan	See whip pan.
advancing colors	Colors that, when given high intensity and dark value, seem to advance toward the foreground and make objects seem larger and closer to the camera: red, orange, yellow, and lavender.
screening	When a film is shown at a movie theatre.
gross	The entire profit made by a film, or the entire amount made at the box-office (not factoring in sales and rentals).
titles	Text on the video screen; sometimes referred to as character generator.
reaction shot	Cutaway view showing someone's or something's response to primary action/subject
principal photography	The second stage of film production which involves shooting the film.
movematch	This technique utilizes a computer program to combine CGI effects and real footage into a seamless product
quickview tab	Provides an alternative way of viewing effects in a sequence outside of the Canvas as you work
tcp/ip port	Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Port
incident light	That which emanates directly from a light source, measured from the object it strikes to the source
data dvd/cd	Unlike a video DVD or audio CD that plays on a standard machine, a data DVD or CD is designed to store AV files in a computer format
digital full scale	The full audio signal range that can be recorded digitally without distortion.
test recording	A brief recording made to test the correct operation of the equipment.
overlapping editing	Cuts that repeat part or all of an action, thus expanding the duration of the action on screen.
edit to tape	In Final Cut Pro, the Edit to Tape command lets you perform frame-accurate insert and assemble edits to tape.
model release	Agreement to be signed by anyone appearing in a video work, protecting videomaker from right of privacy lawsuit
compositing	The compositing process is the action of incorporating all of a scene's elements together to create the final result before sending it to the rendering step
wide-angle lens	A lens of short focal length that affects a scene's perspective by bulging straight lines near the edges of the frame and exaggerating the distance between foreground and background planes
preproduction	The first phases of film production which usually involves developing an idea, writing a treatment, writing a screenplay, casting and location scouting.
high colour	A setting for 16-bit graphics that provides approximately 65,000 colours.
kilobyte	Usually refers to disk space, where one kilobyte equals 1000 bytes
chimera	A popular brand of lighting used in Interviews.
anime	Anime is the shortened version of "animation" in the Japanese language and is known for its sinister dark feel that is very popular in Japan
r	Short for “restricted,” the R rating is handed down by the MPAA to films with adult content not appropriate for children
title design	Also known as the title sequence, this refers to the act of the titleist deciding how the film’s title will be displayed on the screen.
data rate	The speed at which data can be transferred, often described in megabytes per second (MB/sec.) or megabits per second (Mbps)
scan	One sweep of the target area in a camera tube or of the screen in a picture tube.
master	Original recorded videotape footage; "edited master" implies original copy of tape in its edited form
mark	Something that is placed on the ground or stage to indicate to a performer where they should stand.
framing	The use of the edges of the film frame to select and to compose what will be visible onscreen.
cg	Character Generator
roll-off	The gradual reduction of frequencies above or below a certain point
soundtrack	There are two definitions for soundtrack
non diegetic sound	Sounds that exist outside the ‘world’ of the film, such as an orchestral score.
proxy editing	Creating a low bit rate copy of your HD source footage that uses less computer resources
channels	When used to describe video, can refer to color channels or alpha channels
slug line	Before each scene or shot in a script, a header (known as a slug line) appears to tell the date, time, and location of the action.
video on demand	Streaming videos that users view from a website whenever they want, as opposed to a webcast, where the video streams at certain times
heart wipe	It is often acknowledged that using a wipe, rather than a simple cut or dissolve is a stylistic choice that inherently makes the audience more "aware" of the film as a film, rather than a story
character generator	Any device specially used to create alphanumeric characters to title television graphics
horizontal sync	That portion of the sync signal that controls the horizontal timing (and therefore horizontal location) of each line of picture.
showcase	A presentation of work produced on Toon Boom software by hobbyists, professionals, students and schools
colour wheel	A display of the colour spectrum in the form of a circle.
workspace	In Toon Boom Storyboard Pro and Toon Boom Animate Pro, the workspace is made up of; the views, toolbars and menus.
establishing shot	reflexivity
stop-motion animation	A variation on drawn-animation techniques that uses puppets or other three-dimensional objects
image stabilization	Electronic or optical stabilization of video image to cure minor camera shaking.
production manager	During the production of a film, this individual oversees the departments and makes sure things are moving on schedule (and according to budget)
lp	Middle tape speed of most VHS VCR, accommodating four-hour recordings
gain	The amount an audio or video signal is boosted
glitch	Momentary picture disturbance.
q rating	A rating used by research firms to determine how recognizable (and likable) an actor is.
tag line	A simple phrase or sentence used to promote a film
average loudness	The average audio level in decibels
ellipsis	key light
filmography	A complete list of the works by a director, screenwriter, or performer.
ease-in	Ease-in is the gradual acceleration in the action in an animation clip
underexposed	A dimly-lit film caused by shooting without enough light.
h.264	H.264/MPEG-4 Part 10 or AVC (Advanced Video Coding) is a video compression standard in widespread use for recording, distribution, and Internet streaming of high-definition video.
foley artist	Foley is the reproduction of everyday sounds for use in filmmaking
white balance	A camera function that adjusts your image to the correct colour temperature.
parallel action	An effect created when two or more actions in two or more different locations are presented by CROSS-CUTTING between them
video mixer	European term for video production switcher.
music arranger	The individual known as a music arranger take a piece of music and adapts it for different instruments or voices.
o/c	An abbreviation for both On Camera and Off Camera.
mise-en-scène	All the elements placed in front of the camera to be photographed: the settings and props, lighting costumes and makeup, and figure behavior.
pull focus/rack focus	Racking focus, also known as pulling focus, refers to a deliberate change of focus executed by twisting the focus ring on the barrel of a lens
capsule review	A short movie review.
canvas	In Final Cut Pro, the Canvas is the equivalent of a record monitor in a tape-to-tape editing system
compressed air rig	In filmmaking, a compressed air rig is generally used in stunts and visual effects
racking focus	Shifting the area of sharp focus from one plane to another during a shot
canted frame	An unlevel framing creating a view in which objects appear to be slanted or tilting.
jog control	In Final Cut Pro, a control that allows you to move forward or backward through audio or video one frame at a time.
flats	Wooden frames containing fabrics or lightweight materials used as backgrounds for studio sets.
captive audience networks	Digital advertising in places where people are gathered for a period of time, such as banks, petrol...
megabyte	When referring to disk space, one megabyte equals one million bytes
production code	Also referred to as the Hays Production Code, this antiquated code determined what could and couldn’t be included in a film
impedance	A resistance to signal flow
file-type extension	A dot (.) after a file's name, followed by three characters, for example, .bmp, .gif, .avi.
flashback	When the film’s narrative is interrupted by an event (or series of events) that happened in the past
ntsc format	NTSC stands for National Television Standards Committee, the organization that defines North American broadcast standards
digital signage advertising	See Digital dynamic signage.
hit area	the area of an interactive button that responds when the mouse pointer passes over it or clicks on it
setting	like the literary term, this word refers to the time and place of the film.
reframing	Short panning or tilting movements to adjust for the figures' movements, keeping them onscreen or centered.
decibel	A unit of measure applied to both sound and electrical signals, based on a logarithmic scale
job number	For each commercial production, there can be multiple job numbers
ram	A temporary, volatile memory into which data can be written or from which data can be read by specifying an address.
plan américain	A framing in which the scale of the object shown is moderately small; the human figure seen from the shins to the head would fill most of the screen
pixel	The smallest, controllable item in a display device.
hdcam	A high-definition (HD) digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, 7.1:1 DCT-compressed component video signal with 3:1:1 color sampling
timecode	A method of associating each frame of film or video in a clip with a unique, sequential unit of time
through transition	The Element transition.
hdtv	(high-definition television) Television system standard, currently in development, affording greater resolution for sharper pictures and wide-screen viewing via specially-designed TV equipment.
single perforation film	Film with perforation along one edge only.
ad	The abbreviation for Assistant Director
special effects	Visual effects applied to clips and sequences, such as motion effects, layering, and filters.
artificial light	Man-made illumination not limited to "indoor" variety: fluorescent bulbs, jack-o'-lanterns, or a car's headlights
phone plug	Sturdy male connector compatible with audio accessories, particularly for insertion of microphone and headphone cables
bcd	A coding system in which each decimal digit from 0 to 9 is represented by four binary (0 or 1) digits.
storyboard	A series of diagrams that show how a project will look when completed.
rotation	In the Motion tab of the Viewer, the rotation value determines how many times a clip circles around its center axis, without changing shape.
follow focus	see FOCUS
graphic match	Two successive shots joined so as to create a strong similarity of compositional elements, such as color or shape.
subtitles	Words that appear on the screen (usually at the bottom) to help viewers understand what’s being said on the screen
potentiometer	A resistor that has a variable contact so that a portion of the potential applied between its ends may be selected.
private video	A YouTube video that has a restricted viewership.
white shading	When shooting a white object, the upper and lower portions of the screen may appear magenta or green while the central portion appears white, depending on the performance of the camera lens
panavision 35	A 35mm process using 35mm negative film and photographed through an anamorphic lens with a compression of 2x.
lock track control	The lock icon, near the beginning of tracks in the Timeline, that you click to lock and unlock tracks.
stream of consciousness	Seepoint of view, literary.
2" quadruplex	The 2" Quad was the first successful videotape format
toolbar	The toolbar is a collection of buttons and tools located in the middle of the Final Cut Pro main window
wide-angle lens	A lens that takes in a broad area and increases the illusion of depth but sometimes distorts the edges of the image.
wave	An audio file format based on the general-purpose RIFF format developed by Microsoft and IBM
tone	Typically refers to a single-frequency audio signal used as a level setting reference.
real time	This setting allows you to share the video you are watching with your friends.
function	The role or effect of any element within the film's form.
montage	1
lead role	The primary character in a film
irony	A literary, dramatic, and cinematic technique involving the juxtaposition or linking of opposites.
non-drop frame timecode	Timecode that counts an even number of frames per second.
timeout	Time limit that is set for an operation
analog	An electrical signal that is continuously variable.
offline editing	The process of editing a program at a lower resolution to save on equipment costs or to conserve hard disk space
critic	A person who publishes entertaining or artistic reviews of a film
san	Storage area network
viewer	When you play clips selected in the Event Browser and the Timeline, they appear in the Viewer.
fill light	mask
authoring station	a machine running software, used for authoring and publishing the scripts that are sent to Players.
keystone	The effect of projecting an image onto a surface that is not perpendicular to the axis of the projecting lens
isci code	An ISCI (Industry Standard Commercial Identifier) code conforms to a standard used to identify commercials (aka "spots") aired on commercial television worldwide, for TV stations, ad agencies, video post-production houses, radio stations and other related entities to identify commercials for airing.
depth of field	The measurement of the closest and farthest planes in front of the camera between which objects will be in sharp focus
color rendering index	The color rendering index (CRI) (sometimes called color rendition index), is a quantitative measure of the ability of a light source to reproduce the colors of various objects faithfully in comparison with an ideal or natural light source
animation	It is creating the illusion of movement by using successive frames of the same image altered slightly between frames in a general pattern, i.e
wipe	A transitional device in which a new image is separated from the previous image by means of a horizontal, vertical, or diagonal line that moves across the screen to wipe the old image away.
spotlight	Radiates a well defined directional beam of light, casting hard, distinct shadows
signal generator	A test oscillator that can be adjusted to provide a test signal at some desired frequency, voltage, modulation, and waveform.
analog component	Another name for component video, such as RGB or Y, R-Y, B-Y as opposed to digital component video.
frame	A complete individual television picture image on a strip of motion picture film consisting of two interlaced fields of video, produced at the rate of approximately 29l97 Hz (color), or 30 Hz (black & white)
off line editing	Creative assembling of elements of production to communicate the proper message, story.
keyframe	A special-purpose control that denotes a change in value in a filter or motion parameter
dramatic or objective	A viewpoint wherein we are not conscious of a narrator, for the author does not comment on the action but simply describes the scene, telling us what happens and what the characters say, so we get a feeling of being there, observing the scene as we would in a play.
anamorphic widescreen	A process used during DVD mastering to vertically stretch a film with an original aspect ratio of more than 4:3
master clip	The source clip in the Browser from which clips and subclips are defined.
1" smpte type b	Was very popular in Europe
makeup	The material placed on the face, hair, or body of a film actor
trainer	A person who works with animals and trains them to perform certain actions on cue.
whodunit	A mystery or detective film in which the main character tries to solve a murder
secam	Sequential couleur avec memoire (sequential color with memory)
live area	The live area is the section of a camera’s viewfinder that will capture an image onto film
armorer	An individual who provides weapons and proper training in the use of those weapons on a film set.
freeze frame	An effect, achieved in the laboratory after the film is shot, whereby a frame is reprinted so many times on the film strip that when the film is shown, the motion seems to stop as though frozen
confirmed broadcasting	A signal that confirms to signPlayers whether or not a broadcast has been executed correctly
airtime	An Americanism used to refer to the duration of Television programming.
video track	A track in the Timeline into which you can edit video clip items.
digitization	The process of converting a continuous analog video or audio signal to digital data (ones and zeros) for computer storage.
rack focus	Shifting focus between subjects in the background and foreground.
side lighting	Lighting coming from one side of a person or object, usually in order to create a sense of volume, to bring out surface textures, or to fill in areas left shadowed by light from another source.
ac	The abbreviation for Alternating Current.
render	To process video and audio with any applied effects or transitions, and store the result on disk as a render file
coin	A slang term that can either apply to money or to the financing of a film.
community access	Channel(s) of a local cable television system dedicated to community-based programming
master control system	The switching link for video and audio sources used between a television facility and a transmitting device.
remapping	The automatic adjustment of colour palettes in a graphic so that it shares colours without...
vertigo effect	Created by Alfred Hitchcock while filming Vertigo, the Vertigo Effect is achieved by zooming in while tracking backwards
mp3	A type of audio compression developed by the Moving Pictures Expert Group
rough-grain film stock	Film stock that produces a rough, grainy-textured image with harsh contrasts between blacks and whites and almost no subtle differences in contrast
play	dramatic literature that is performed live as if happening in the present moment, in front of a live audience.
tiff	Tagged Image File Format
lng	recording Longitudinal recording
klieg light	Powerful lights used during filming and also used to light up the sky during movie premieres.
flashback/flash forward	These terms refer to a narrative device that both writers and editors use to manage the relationship of different moments in a dramatic story.
titles browser	A media browser in Final Cut Pro that provides access to all the title effects included with Final Cut Pro.
intervolometer	An intervolometer is a camera feature that lets you preset or reset the frames per second you shoot at
american cinema editors	Founded by (among others) Jack Ogilvie and Warren Low in 1950, the ACE is an honorary society of film editors.
digital sound	Vastly improved quality sound reproduction in movie theaters that utilizes processes (such as Dolby and DTS) that convert standard optical sound to binary digital information.
plasma	A process whereby ionised gas (usually argon, xenon or neon) is given an electrical charge by...
subtextual struggle	the reciprocal action of a scene’s dramatic subtext, in which two or more characters struggle for mastery or control of the moment.
model/colour model	In animation a model is the definitive character, prop or location design that each artist musts follow for the production
approach	An Approach refers to how a story, documentary or narrative is told on screen.
ntsc	The standard for color television transmission in the United States
hdtv signage	See digital signage.
boom	A movable arm that holds a microphone over actors' heads during filming.
steadicam operator	The individual who operates the stedicam.
dope sheet	Used by animators, directors and other members of a crew to track the sequence and timing of images, dialogue, sound effects, sound tracks and camera moves
tool bench	A window in Final Cut Pro that contains interface elements that you can use to supplement information displayed in the Viewer and Canvas
dvd	Digital versatile disc or digital video disc
hold over	An extra who is used for an extra day
emulsion	Light sensitive photographic material consisting of gelatin, silver halides and any additional coating or filter layer added by the manufacturer.
subjective	The viewpoint of a character participating in the action
greenlight	When a film receives a greenlight, it is receiving the go-ahead to begin production.
feature length	Feature length is motion picture terminology referring to the length of a feature film
producer’s guild of america	A professional guild dedicated to representing producers in the film industry
l-cut	An editing technique in which either the video track or audio track of a synchronized clip is longer than the other
control-s	A one-way communication system that treats a VCR or camcorder as a slave unit, with edit commands emanating from an external edit controller or compatible deck
a-64	A component digital disk recorder formerly manufactured by Abekas
tilt	typage
component video	A video signal in which the luminance (brightness) and chrominance (color) components are kept as separate signals to improve image quality.
interlaced video	An analog video signal consisting of alternating odd and even fields.
velocity handle	A control you use to change the velocity of a clip's motion over time
u-matic	See three-quarter-inch.
imovie	A Mac software used for editing digital video.
tech-noir	Film noir movies set in the future
establishing shot	reframing
ntsc legal	The range of color that can be broadcast free of distortion according to the NTSC standards.
pan	A horizontal movement of a camera on top of a tripod.
sensitometric curve	See characteristic curve.
segue	The visual journey from the transition of one video sequence to another.
vhs	A half inch videocassette format using the "M" wrap tape path
direct sound	Sound which is captured and recorded during filming
digital multimedia broadcast	The broadcasting of digital content to numerous multimedia receivers for playback.
active video	The portion of a video signal that contains picture information.
climax	The point at which the complication reaches its maximum tension and the forces in opposition confront each other at a peak of physical or emotional action.
zoom ratio	Range of a lens' focal length, from the most "zoomed in" field of view, to the most "zoomed out." Expressed as ratio: 6:1, for example, implies the same lens from the same distance can make same image appear six-times closer
standby painter	If last minute changes are required to the scenic art of a motion picture, the individual known as the standby painter is available to do the job.
log sheet	A form used to make notes about locations, scenes and footage for each day of filming
phase lock	The phase of a signal follows exactly the phase of a reference signal.
path	In digital picture manipulators, the values of the field rate information produced by inbetweening two key frames
visible sound	Sound that would naturally and realistically emanate from the images on the screen
gaffer	The main electrician and supervisor of lighting on a set.
timecode gap	An area of tape with no timecode at all
wild sound	Nonsynchronous audio recorded independent of picture, rain on a roof, a 5 o'clock whistle
a-57	A DVE manufactured by Abekas.
sound bite	A videotaped segment in which the audio and video portions of the tape must remain in sync
d11	AKA HDCAM
match frame commands	The match frame commands in Final Cut Pro allow you to quickly open a copy of a clip at the same frame.
advantage	An optional trait which some but not all characters possess
preproduction	The planning stage of a film or television program involving budgeting, scheduling, casting, design and location selection.
chroma subsampling	Applying more compression to the chrominance portion of the signal than to the luminance
front projection	Composite process whereby footage meant to appear as the background of a shot is projected from the front onto a screen; figures in the foreground are filmed in front of the screen as well
edge numbers	These numbers are placed on the edge of a film print to allow for the easy identification of individual frames.
condenser	A microphone that uses a metal diaphragm and a metal backplate with DC voltage applied between them through a load resistor
animclip	An animation clip in FLC or AnimGIF format, whose speed, movement and size can be controlled
follow focus	see FOCUS.
green-light	To green-light a project is to give permission or a go ahead to move forward with a project
loop	A sequence of events that repeats, and also a setting that specifies how often a sound or animation...
cyberpunk	Blade Runner is perhaps the most famous example of cyberpunk, a subgenre of science fiction
character	A fictional character in a role-playing game; a player character or non-player character.
gen-lock	To be "driven by" or accept the sync of another piece of equipment.
conventions	The expected elements of a certain type of film
social values	The values, beliefs or attitudes held by people in a society.
title safe area	Part of the video image that is guaranteed to be visible on all televisions
rough cut	The first edit of a video production.
cycle	A relatively short-lived fashion for certain subgenres within a genre: e.g., the "adult" Westerns in Hollywood during the 1950s or the films about heroic gangsters in the 1980s Hong Kong cinema.
generation	Relationship between the quality of the information on a master video recording and a given copy of that master
sequence	Several shots in an order which makes sense and is relatively self-contained
high concept	High concept is a term used to refer to an artistic work that can be easily described by a succinctly stated premise.
zoom	Variance of focal length, bringing subjects into and out of closeup range
fade-in	a gradual increase in a setting (such as volume) that begins at a zero point and reaches a specified value in a certain length of time.
stings	Often found in TV productions, Stings are used to promote upcoming events.
vignette	Visual special effect whereby viewers see images through a perceived keyhole or other desired shape
closed-circuit tv	A distribution system using receiving sites physically wired to the source.
soft focus	The image is softened by diffusing the light and reducing the sharpness of the lens.
parallax	The difference in view caused by looking at a scene from two slightly different locations.
maximum density	(D-Max) Portion of the shoulder of the characteristic curve where further increases in exposure on a negative will not produce any further density increase.
hdtv	High-definition television
blue laser media	Blu-ray burners and players use a blue laser when working with Blu-ray media
motivation	The justification given in the film for the presence of an element
blocking	The actors and director decide on where the performers will move during a scene, thus allowing the camera and lightning to be set in the appropriate position.
chroma key	A process by which a specific color (usually green or blue) in a piece of video is replaced by another source
bump-up	A dub onto a larger-format tape.
hardtop	A slang term that indicates an indoor theater (because a hard roof is located over the audience).
markers	Markers flag a specific location in a clip with editing notes or other descriptive information
scrubber bar	The bar at the bottom of the Viewer and the Canvas
head	[1] Electromagnetic component within camcorders and VCRs that records, plays back and erases video and audio signals on magnetic tape
mise-en-scene	The arrangement of all of the elements placed in front of the camera to be photographed
dynamic signage	See Digital dynamic signage.
dolly tracks	The tracks that allow a dolly to be moved.
d3	Digital video tape format using 4fsc composite signals like D2, but recorded on 12.5 mm (1/2-inch) tape
backlighting	Lighting cast from behind a figure or object, highlighting its outline.
subtractive process	Photographic process that uses one or more subtractive primary cyan magenta, and yellow to control red, green and blue light.
audio dub	Result of recording over a prerecorded videotape soundtrack (all or a portion) without affecting prerecorded images.
bokeh	A background so out of focus that it appears to be soft and cloudlike
path of action	Direction that the action will follow
macro	Lens capable of extreme closeup focusing, useful for intimate views of small subjects.
go motion	Go motion is a variation of stop motion animation, and was co-developed by Industrial Light & Magic and Phil Tippett
duration	In a narrative film, the aspect of temporal manipulation that involves the time span presented in the plot and assumed to operate in the story
expressionism	A dramatic or cinematic technique that attempts to present the inner reality of a character
color depth	The possible range of colors that can be used in a movie or image
cri	Color Reversal Intermediate, a duplicate color negative prepared by reversal processing.
photomontage	A video DVD of photos combined with music
movie magic budgeting	A software program designed specifically for budgeting movies.
closeup	Tightly framed camera shot in which the principal subject is viewed at close range, appearing relatively large and dominant on screen
zoom	When a stationary camera moves in or away from an object by shortening its focal length
backup supply	A redundant power supply that takes over if the primary power supply fails.
after effects	An Adobe software application for motion graphics and compositing.
film indentification code	Numbers and letters, which appear on the edge of the film put in by the film manufacturer.
i/o	Input/output
rotoscope	A machine that projects live-action motion-picture film frames one by one onto a drawing pad or cel so that an animator can trace the figures in each frame
topicals	Early short films sowing current events, such as parades, disasters, government ceremonies, and military maneuvers
digital compositing	Digital compositing is the process of digitally assembling multiple images to make a final image, typically for print, motion pictures or screen display
insert edit	Feature allowing a VCR to record a new video and/or audio segment in the middle of a program, without breaking the control track or disturbing what precedes and follows
chick flick	Movies aimed at a female audience, the term “chick flick” can also be used in a derogatory way to describe such films.
1/8-inch mini	A small audio connector used frequently in consumer electronics.
time-base corrector	Device used to correct for time base errors and stabilize the timing of the video output from a tape machine.
recce	In film terms a recce is a trip to a potential filming location or cast member, in order to check their suitability for inclusion in the film
windscreen	Acoustically transparent foam microphone shield, thwarts undesirable noise from wind and rapid mike movement.
signal-to-noise ratio	The ratio between the average loudness of the subject and the background noise in a recording
wardrobe	The costumes used in a film or the name of the costume department.
vector	A term to describe a line with a direction indicated
3 point lighting	A common lighting set up featuring three lights; key light, fill light and hair light.
phase inversion	The condition whereby the output of a circuit produces a wave of the same shape and frequency but 180 degrees out of phase with the input.
noise	Disruptive camera noise caused by video static, gain, digital zoom and other electronic functions.
dooh	See Digital Out Of Home (DOOH).
track strips	In the Audio Mixer, each audio track in the currently selected sequence is represented by a track strip, complete with solo and mute buttons, a stereo panning slider, and a level fader.
automated dialogue replacement editing	Also known as ADR Editing, this process consists of sound editing during the Automatic Dialogue Replacement phase.
in transition	the way an element moves onto a page
box-office	Also known as the Gross or BO, the Box-Office is a measure of how much money a film made during its theatrical run.
soundtrack	The audio portion of a video recording, often multifaceted with voiceover, background music, sound effects, etc.
lcd	Liquid Crystal Display
selection	In media theory, selection refers to the way media texts are created through a process of selection, omission and construction
decibel	(dB) Measure of audio signal strength based on a logarithmic scale
below-the-line expenses	Any expenses not considered above-the-line (expenses prior to production)
step	To go through a program frame by frame.
intertitles	Frames with written text, coming between image shots, used in silent films to transmit necessary verbal information, such as explanations or dialogue.
production designer	The artist who’s responsible for the overall look of a film
wind jammer	A faux fur covering used to minimise ambient noise from Boom mics.
transitions	Visual effects that are applied between edit cuts to smooth out a change from clip to clip
image sensor	See pickup.
luminance	Measure value of brightness.
locked track	A track whose contents cannot be moved or changed
infobox	Trademark name of signBox's older version of digital signage software.
ire scale	The scale to determine video signal amplitudes devised by the Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE), an American organization now called the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
grain	Blanketed signal noise viewed as fuzziness, poor quality images, attributable to luminance inadequacies.
double bounce walk	In the key frames and passing positions in a double bounce walk, the body is lower than a reference line drawn in the upright position
tilting	Moving the camera's line of sight in a vertical plane, up and down.
hum-bucker	A circuit (often a coil) that introduces a small amount of voltage at power-line frequency into the video path to cancel unwanted ac hum.
dolly	(n.) A set of casters attached to the legs of a tripod to allow the tripod to roll.
cel animation	Animation that uses a series of drawings on pieces of celluloid, called cels
chips	A small circuit board for processing data
animation	Meaning literally ‘bringing to life'
multi-tile	To slice a source image, then tile it together to deliver the final image in a specified size.
fisheye lens	In photography, a fisheye lens is a wide-angle lens that takes in an extremely wide, hemispherical image
d4	Doesn't exist
acetate base film	Cellulose triacetate film is the material used for making film today.
twist	An effect that is produced in new prints by loose winding of the film, emulsion side in, under dry air conditions
dvi	Connector for HD video display on a monitor
ink and paint	The ink and paint process is the action of painting the empty zones and colouring the lines on the final animation drawings while following a colour model.
pixillation	A form of animation in which three-dimensional objects, often people, are made to move in staccato bursts through the use of stop-action cinematography.
canted framing	A view in which the frame is not level; either the right or the left side is lower, causing objects in the scene to appear tipped.
time base corrector	Electronic device that corrects timing inconsistencies in a videotape recorder's playback, stabilizing the image for optimum quality
close-up	The image created when the camera is placed close to the subject
signal-to-noise ratio	The ratio of a desired signal to an unwanted signal (static or noise).
round characters	Unique, individualistic characters who have some degree of complexity and ambiguity and who cannot easily be categorized
kerning	The space between letters which adjusts proportionally depending on the relationship between letters.
director's interpretive	Using the special techniques of the medium, the director manipulates us so that we see the action or the character in the way the director interprets them.
c-stand	In film production, a C-stand is a piece of equipment used by the grip department to accomplish various rigging and light modification tasks.
hot set	A set in which filming is taking place and all the props and furniture have been included
video assist	A system included in motion picture cameras that allows a quick review of the previous scene shot via a video camera
aerial perspective	A cue for suggesting represented depth in the image by presenting objects in the distance less distinctly than those in the foreground.
mary pickford	United States film actress (born in Canada) who starred in silent films (1893-1979)
replay	Instant replay is the replaying of video footage of an event or incident very soon after it has occurred
rf modulator	An electronic device that converts audio or video signal into RF (radio frequency) signal.
d7	AKA DVCPRO
jam sync	Jamming sync is the act of using SMPTE time code generating device to send continuous matching free run timecode to one or multiple cameras or recorders
in-between	The drawings that are between the key poses
velocity	The acceleration or deceleration of a clip's motion.
spill suppression	Spill suppression is a color correction operation that applies the complementary (opposite) color of the color that's being made transparent to neutralize any green or blue fringing or light bounce that's tinting the subject being keyed
mpeg-2	The standard for video DVD compression, high-definition compression for camcorders.
smash cut	Designed to surprise the audience, the smash cut is an unexpected change in scenes, often used during murders and nightmares.
differential dc	Maximum dc voltage that can be applied between the differential inputs of an amplifier while maintaining linear operation.
dpi	DPI also known as Dots Per Inch is the standard measure of resolution for computerized printers; sometimes also applied to screens, although in this case it should more accurately be referred to as pixels per inch
eyeline match	The alternation of a shot showing a person looking offscreen with a shot of what that person is looking at
cross-over appeal	A film that is made to appeal to one type of audience but ends up drawing in other types, as well
xml	Extensible Markup Language
cpu	Central Processing Unit
time-lapse recording	Periodically records a minimal number of frames over long durations of actual time
pre roll	The wise practice of starting to record a few seconds before a take begins.
closure	The degree to which the ending of a narrative film reveals the effects of all the causal events and resolves (or "closes off") all lines of action.
mpeg-4	A digital video compression format sometimes referred to as advanced video coding, or AVC
ultrasonic cleaner	Device that transfers ultrasonic sound waves to a cleaning liquid or solvent that dislodges some embedded dirt.
lyrics	The words of a song used in a movie.
nonlinear editing system	A computer system that performs nonlinear digital video editing functions.
metagaming	Using out-of-character knowledge to solve in-character problems, or to explain in-character behaviour.
subcarrier	In NTSC or PAL video, a continuous sine wave of extremely accurate frequency which constitutes a portion of the video signal
computer-generated images	Visual images that are created exclusively by computer commands rather than by standard live photography or stop-motion animation
pulse distribution amplifier	A device used to replicate an input timing signal, typically providing 6 outputs, each of which is identical to the input signal
clip	Usually refers to the individual video file stored on your hard drive, or a single shot without any cuts in your editing software
peter-and-the-wolfing	Musical scoring in which certain musical instruments represent and signal the presence of certain characters.
pan	Camera move in which the camera appears to move horizontally or vertically usually following the action of the shot.
mini-dv cassette	A small cassette used for the DV digital videotape format.
safe title area	On a video monitor, the center 80% of the picture within which text should be limited
html5 video	An element of HTML5 that allows for video playback within websites.
boom microphone	Any microphone, but usually a unidirectional or shotgun microphone, attached to a pole or boom to keep the microphone near an audio source but outside of the field of view.
split edit	See L-cut.
foley artist	Named after Jack Foley, the foley artist creates incidental sound effects for a film
body double	During scenes with nudity or featuring close-ups of the body, an actor or actress may be replaced with a stand-in
vendor	A person or business that sells audio or video equipment.
diegetic sound	Any voice, musical passage, or sound effect presented as originating from a source within the film's world.
iso numbers	See ASA Number
key number	Numbers printed along one edge of a motion picture film outside the perforations to designate the footage.
foam technician	Once a makeup artist has created a sculpture, these individuals are responsible for using it to create prosthetic appliances made from foam latex
audio bridge	In telecommunications, a device that mixes multiple audio inputs and feeds back composite audio to each stations, minus that station's input
non-linear editor	An editing system based on storage of video and audio on computer disk, where the order or lengths of scenes can be changed without the necessity of re-assembling or copying the program.
gain	An increase in the output of audio or video signal.
close-up	(abbr
append mode	In video devices capable of creating key frame effects, a mode that permits new key frames to be added to an existing key frame effect to make the effect longer.
script editing	When an existing script is changed with input from the director or producer
film noir	Dark film, a term applied by French critics to a type of American film, usually in the detective or thriller genres, with low-key lighting and a somber mood.
costumer	Someone who assists with costumes during production
sampling	The process of measuring an analog signal and converting it to a digital value
show print	A print or dub from an edit master that embodies the finished program as it will be distributed.
costumes	This department (or sometimes an individual) is responsible for getting the various wardrobe items called for by the costume designer
rendering	The final step when animating by computer
atm toppers	video screens built into ATMs (automatic teller machines) which run advertising and other information independent of the ATM.
dissolve	A transition between two shots during which the first image gradually disappears while the second image gradually appears; for a moment the two images blend in superimposition.
incandescent	A light that passes electricity through a filament that heats up inside the vacuum of a bulb to provide light.
camera angle	This is the way the camera is positioned in relation to the subject
in transition	See Element transition.
big close-up	(abbr
multimedia	A combination of more than one medium in a presentation, for example, text and sound; text, sound...
35 mm	A standard motion picture film format
nondiegetic sound	Sound, such as mood music or a narrator's commentary, represented as coming from a source outside the space of the narrative.
mise en scéne	Mise-en-scéne (French pronunciation: [mizɑ̃sɛn] "placing on stage") is an expression used to describe the design aspects of a theatre or film production, which essentially means "visual theme" or "telling a story" —both in visually artful ways through storyboarding, cinematography and stage design, and in poetically artful ways through direction
lock it down	The first meaning is to secure a location for filming
fluorescent lights	You will usually get a greenish tinge off of fluorescent lights
full shot	A character filmed from head to toe.
hdd	Hard drive disk
element design menus	Options that can be used to alter and enhance design elements.
180 degree rule	An imaginary line between two characters who are speaking, crossing this line when filming a conversation means that the actors won’t be looking in the right direction.
backlight	In Toon Boom Animate, the Backlight tool temporarily transforms the painted zones into a darker colour so that you can easily locate any empty zones or bubbles left behind during the Ink and Paint process
cable	The electrical cords used to interconnect pieces of audio and video equipment.
mpeg	Motion Picture Experts Group
pan	When a camera is rotated about its vertical axis, it’s known as a pan
reflector board	A board used to reflect light onto the face of an actor in filmmaking and photography.
output return loss	A measure of the accuracy of the impedance match between a signal source (such as a cable) and its terminating load
chrominance	Portion of video signal that carries color information (hue and saturation, but not brightness); frequently abbreviated as "C." [See luminance.]
backing	Coating applied to the base side of original negative film base
video	The visual portion of television production.
toon boom animate pro	Animate Pro is the most complete professional animation software for serious animators, offering award winning state-of-the-art content creation, animation and compositing toolset for any animation style within a single all-in-one desktop application.
stills	Photographs in which the image itself does not move
film grain	Film stock is covered with small particles of light-sensitive material that allow images to be recorded
color correction	The altering of color balance.
stereotyping	Presenting a certain ethnic or religious group in oversimplified (and usually offensive) terms during a film.
fade	In a FADE-IN, the image gradually brightens into view from black, white, or any other solid color
real time	The actual time during which video recording occurs, distinguished from the tampering of time via editing.
forced perspective	A production design technique that physically distorts certain aspects of the set and diminishes the size of objects and people in the background to create the illusion of greater foreground-to-background distance.
tape recorder operator	Also known as a sound recordist, the tape recorder operator uses the audio recording equipment during filming.
master scene script	The standard form of the screenplay for feature film is sometimes referred to by this name because each scene is usually the description of an action from which a master shot will come.
on-the-air	A term used to mean that a particular device is "live" or its output is being recorded or broadcast
mouse house	A slang term for Walt Disney Studios.
cast	Refers to all the performers appearing in a particular film.
cel animation	Animation that uses a series of drawings in pieces of celluloid, called "cels" for short
dubbing	The process of replacing part or all of the voices on the sound track in order to correct mistakes or rerecord dialogue
a-anything	Something probably made by the former Abekas company.
interactive kiosk	See Electronic kiosk.
margin	The space between the edge of a page and its contents.
order	In a narrative film, the aspect of temporal manipulation that involves the sequence in which the chronological events of the story
public ip multicast displays	a device capable of receiving an IP multicast transmission and displaying the contents, often used to update large numbers of visual display devices including digital signage.
thin	Terminology used to described a photographic image having a low density.
edited master	The original copy of an edited program.
props	A prop is any artefact used in a film
lucille ball	United States comedienne best known as the star of a popular television program (1911-1989)
oligopoly	An economic situation in which a few companies control a market, often cooperating with each other to keep out new firms
rule of thirds	Tthe videography concept that states that the subject, or most interesting part of a video shot should be located along the "thirds" – one-third and two-thirds – both vertically and horizontally.
a-b roll	Two video sources played simultaneously, and mixed together.
drop frame time code	A type of time code designed to match a clock time exactly
two-shot	Close-up or medium shot of two persons.
color balance	Refers to the mix of red, green, and blue in a clip
action safe area	The action safe area is 90 percent of the image area
extreme close up	A shot that shows only a small portion or detail of a character's body (eyes, ears, mouth) or a tiny bject.
writer	An individual who creates written work for film or television
sprocket	A toothed driving wheel used to move film through various machines by engaging with the perforation holes.
in-camera editing	Shooting a film in the order it will take place on screen, this eliminating the need for editing.
gauge	The width of the film strip, measured in millimeters
d3	An unofficial term for a composite digital videotape recording format invented by Panasonic.
gels	Large sheets of transparent tinted plastic used as a filter for a movie light, or to cover a window
byte	The basic unit of computer storage, comprising eight bits.
color board	The Color Board allows you to manually adjust a clip's color properties
miscast	When an actor or actress is cast in a role that’s completely wrong for them.
component video	Separating primary colours and picture information of a video signal into three cables, usually coloured red, green, and blue
rms	Root mean square
pan	The camera turns horizontally when mounted on a tripod.
wipe	Optical transition effect in which one image is replaced by another at a boundary edge moving in a selected pattern across the frame.
product code	A secure twenty-character alphanumeric code provided by Toon Boom licensing when the legally purchased software is registered for activation
betacam sx	Digital format targeted for ENG and newsroom use
extreme close-up	a video shot of a person that includes only part of a person's face.
interlace	A process that refreshes video and computer displays by scanning every other horizontal line in a...
executive producer	Responsible for the overall film, the executive producer isn’t involve with any technical aspects of production
insert edit	To drop in video and/or audio segments on a tape that already has a control track.
tripod	Three-legged camera mount offering stability and camera placement as well as consistency in movement
preview monitor	A video monitor that displays the picture from a video source
sign writer	Usually part of a set designer’s team, these individuals are responsible for designing and making any signs seen in a motion picture (with the exception of pre-existing signs found on location shoots).
parity	A method of verifying the accuracy of transmitted or recorded data
tracking shots	dubbing
head room	A film term referring to the space between a subjects head and the top of the frame.
rough cut	Raw, tentative edit of footage in the approximate sequence, length and content of finished program
small-format video	Smaller, less expensive video equipment generally used for nonbroadcast purposes.
1" smpte type c	Ampex and Sony agreed to a standard 1-inch professional helical format called Type C
omniscient-narrator point of view	Seepoint of view, literary.
waveform monitor	A hardware device or software plug-in that allows the camera technician to accurately adjust the brightness and contrast with either lighting or the camera's internal white and black levels.
online	A type of computer game that uses role-playing game style game mechanics and tropes.
location based advertising	the placement of advertisements near an actionable location
second assistant camera	The assistant of the assistant cameraman.
jane fonda	United States film actress and daughter of Henry Fonda (born in 1937)
mickey mousing	The exact, calculated dovetailing of music and action that precisely matches the rhythm of the music with the natural rhythms of the objects moving on the screen.
match on action	A continuity cut that splices two different views of the same action together at the same moment in the movement, making it seem to continue uninterrupted.
holga lenses	A Holga is a toy camera, designed and built in China in the 1980s
insurance certificate	This is a representation of the insurance policy that covers a particular project or production company.
filmstrip	Your video clips appear as filmstrips in the Timeline (where you build projects) and in the Event Browser (where your source media is displayed)
protective master	A master positive from which a dupe negative can be made if the original is damaged.
channel	A term YouTube use to refer to user Profiles.
bin	An editing term used to refer to footage that won't make the final cut, but still needs to be kept.
below the line	In feature-length narrative filmmaking, an imaginary line delineates those who have influence in the creative direction of a film's narrative from others who perform duties related to the film's physical production.
vignette	A scene in a film that can stand on its own
shutter	An electronic control that governs the amount of time during which incoming light forms a single video field
sound bite	Typically a short excerpt from an interview clip, as used on news shows.
film stock	The actual film that images for a motion picture are recorded onto.
dogme 95	Created in 1995 by such Danish filmmakers as Thomas Vinterberg and Lars von Trier, this movement called for filmmakers to abandon such elements as special effects, props, non-natural lighting, superficial plot elements, etc
close captioned	Deaf or hard-of-hearing viewers can utilize this system that displays the spoken dialogue on the screen via text.
anti-climax	Something that occurs after the film’s high point and is often deemed unsatisfactory.
histogram	A video scope in Final Cut Pro that provides a statistical analysis of the image by graphing the number of pixels at each percentage of luma or color
flashforward	An alteration of story order in which the plot presentation moves forward to future events and then returns to the present.
time code	A time code is a sequence of numeric codes generated at regular intervals by a timing system
watts	A unit used to measure electricity.
day-for-night	A daytime shoot that’s meant to simulate night
trim edit window	A window in Final Cut Pro that displays both sides of an edit point
control track	An area on a videotape containing information to synchronize playback and videotape editing operations.
linear	A program style in which each viewer watches each segment of the program.
art-house film	These are films that normally do not appeal to the largest segment of moviegoers
drop frame mode	SMPTE time code runs at 30 frames/second, while the NTSC color television system runs at about 29.97 frames/second
flat panel signage	See Digital dynamic signage.
construction	A communication studies term used to describe the process of making a text
project properties	A project's default event as well as the project's video, audio, and render properties
audio mixer	A tab in the Tool Bench window
log file	a text file consisting of time stamped status and error messages, detailing the operational history of a given piece of software.
receiver	Television set that includes a tuner as well as an audio amplifier and speaker
background music	The music that plays in the background during a scene to heighten the mood.
safety film	A photographic film whose base is fire-resistant or slow burning
duct tape	A shiny adhesive tape designed for holding metal heating and cooling ducts, but also commonly used as a substitute for gaffers tape, a general purpose tape used in television and film.
composer	An individual whose musical composition appears in the score of a film.
silver halides	Light sensitive compound used in film emulsions.
sync	Horizontal and vertical timing signals or electronic pulses
time code	A frame numbering system adopted by SMPTE that assigns a number to each frame of video which indicates hours, minutes
electrical department	In charge of any and all electrical matters during the production of a film
highlights	The brightest area of an image
tape-to-tape editing suite	An editing facility that uses automated switching equipment to assemble a finished program from the original source tapes using the instructions contained in an EDL.
cue	(n.) An audio mixer function that allows the user to hear an audio source (usually through headphones) without selecting that source for broadcast or recording; the audio counterpart of a preview monitor.
ccu	Camera control unit.
anthropomorphism	When an animal in a film is given a human appearance or characteristics
bcu or ecu	A big close-up or extreme close-up frames the head so that the top of frame clips the forehead or hairline and the bottom of frame clips the neck.
control track	An essential track of electronic pulses that maintain continuous Time Codes for your production to ensure the editing process is as easy as possible.
location-based media	See Location based advertising.
diffused light	Illuminates relatively large area indistinctly, which produces soft shadows
aperture	Adjustable iris that determines the amount of light passing through.
flop	A term for a movie that fails miserably at the box office
watt	Unit of electrical power equal to one volt across a resistance of one ohm, or one volt at a current of one ampere.
dvcam	Sony's answer to DVCPRO
matte shot	Any special visual effects technique that uses some type of visual mask to allow more than one image to be photographed on a single film frame.
props	Objects used in the scene either by actors or as part of the set design
yarn	Another name for a tall tale or apocryphal story.
drag	Drag is a mouse (or pen) operation that usually results in an object on the screen being moved
crt cathode-ray tube	Video camera viewfinders are equipped with a CR1 image display, so you can monitor what you are shooting.
out-cue	The end of a given portion of tape.
pose-to-pose	A technique that is characterized by the drawing of keyframes at significant points in the action first, refining the key drawings, and then doing the in-betweens
silent film	A film lacking spoken dialogue and a synchronized soundtrack
casting couch	The act of an actress (or actor) granting sexual favors to a director or producer in exchange for a role in a film
mask	An opaque screen placed in the camera or printer that blocks part of the frame off and changes the shape of the photographed image, leaving part of the frame a solid color
shallow focus	A restricted depth of field, which keeps only those planes close to the camera in sharp focus; the opposite of deep focus.
technique	Any aspect of the film medium that can be manipulated in making a film.
friction head	Tripod mount type with strong spring that counterbalances camera weight, relying on friction to hold its position
music preparation	After the composer has written the score for a film, this person in charge of music preparation makes copies and distributes them to the musicians prior to the recording session.
flying erase head	Accessory video head mounted on spinning head drum, incorporated in newer camcorders and VCRs to eliminate glitches and rainbow noise between scenes recorded or edited
tilt	The camera tilts up/down when mounted on a tripod.
rotoscoping	Hollywood animation pioneer Max Fleischer devised and patented rotoscoping, in which live action is recorded and animation artists then trace each frame
it	Information Technology
black bag	A black changing bag functions as a portable darkroom
on-line editor	An editing system where the actual video master is created
workout series	There are two types of Workout Series: 1.Toon Boom Animation Workout Series is a dedicated program of exercises designed to help you develop the techniques and skills necessary to get the most out of Toon Boom Studio
video signal	The electrical signal produced by video components.
apple box	Apple Boxes are wooden boxes of varying sizes with holes on each end used chiefly in film production
segue	The link or transition between two segments or songs.
rasterise	To convert a geometric, vector-based image into a buncha pixels.
shot	Anything recorded by the camera, from a particular position, between pressing the start and stop buttons
eng	Electronic news gathering
tail end	The end of a film roll
sword and sorcery	A film genre that traditionally includes magic and sword fighting
time code lock	To synchronize the built-in time code generator of video equipment such as a VTR to an external time code.
skivings	Fine thread like particles found in the vicinity of the projector gate; caused by physical abrasion against a sharp burr or nick on a film path component or any roller that might come in contact with the edge of the film.
off-line	Preliminary editing done on relatively low-cost editing systems, usually to provide an EDL for final on-line editing and assembly of the finished show.
whip zoom	A quick manual zoom move in or out that's so fast that it causes the image to blur in the middle of the move until the lens rests on the final shot
rushes	The original, raw unedited material you have filmed
digital signage display	See Digital dynamic signage.
modeler	A modeler is someone who uses computer software to create a 3D image
u-matic	Three-quarter inch video cassette tape or the type of player that uses that format.
path - 3d path	In a 3D Path, the X, Y and Z curves are locked together and controlled by a single velocity function
sgi	An uncompressed image file format popular on the IRIX operating system on SGI workstations
t-grain emulsion	Emulsion made up of tablet like crystals rather than conventional silver halides crystals; produces high speed films with fine grain.
digital negative	Digital Negative (DNG) is an open raw image format owned by Adobe used for digital photography
composite print	A motion picture print with both picture and sound on the same strip of film.
soft money	Grant or contract money that is not guaranteed from year to year.
24 @ 25 repeat	A pull-down pattern used in Final Cut Pro when 24 fps media is sent to a 25 fps video output
seo	The abbreviation for Search Engine Optimization, which refers to the process of getting a website to a high ranking on a search engine website.
broadcast folder	a folder on the Broadcast Server machine in which published files are received for subsequent broadcast transmission.
medium shot	distribution
wet-gate printer	Printer in which the film passes through fluid-filled pads just before exposure
composite video	A video signal that combines the luminance and chrominance into one signal.
development	a) the gradual growth of a screenplay from germinal idea to fleshed out plot to final script; b) the breakdown, budgeting, and capitalization stage of bringing a screenplay into production (re-writes are often involved in the development stage.)
star system	An approach to filmmaking that capitalizes on the mass appeal of certain actors to increase the likelihood that a film will be a financial success.
summative evaluation	Assessment of the final product.
data compression	A technique that provides for the transmission or storage, without noticeable information loss, of few data bits than were originally used when the data was created.
send	A secondary output on an audio mixer.
dramatic zoom	A cinematography technique whereby the camera zooms in or out slowly to emphasis the onscreen events.
nose room	The distance between a subject and the edge of the frame.
jingle	Short piece of music for a program or advertisement.
viewfinder	The display, actually a tiny video monitor, on which a camcorder operator watches the image being taped.
cynch marks	Short scratches on the surface of the film running parallel to its length
multiplane	The effect of passing through multiple levels of drawings to create a sense of depth in a shot
safe title	The portion of video that is certain to be received on the home viewers set
gear down	To slow down a mouse operation and make it more precise by holding down the Command key while dragging an item or control
stereotype	A stereotype is a widely held, oversimplified image or idea of a particular person.
cannon	See XLR.
slide edit	An edit in which an entire clip is moved, along with the edit points on its left and right
firewire	The trademarked Apple name for the IEEE 1394 standard
fluorescent light	A tubular mercury-vapour light that use a ballast to regulate the flow of power
videodisc	A video recording in a recordlike disc format.
story guide	Also, ‘'storyteller.'' The game master of a game with a strong focus on narrative tropes.[1]
whip pan	See CAMERA MOVEMENT.
d2	A composite digital transmission and tape standard.
phono	A connector used in audio and video components, characterized by its single connection post and metal flanges.
viz	The industry abbreviation for Visuals.
differential gain	A change in subcarrier amplitude of a video signal caused by a change in luminance level of the signal
glow effect	The Glow effect adds a bright soft-edged light or diffuse light region around an image
layering	The technique of compositing several elements, one over another, to create a complex animation
dailies	Also known as “rushes,” dailies are the first prints produced from the negatives photographed the day before
search	The box at the top of every web Browser or Video hosting website used to find video and other online content.
saturation	A measurement of chroma, or the intensity of color in the video signal.
dct	DCT was the first format to employ digital video compression to reduce recorded bit rate.
ordered timecode break	A nearly imperceptible gap in the timecode track of a tape that breaks the continuous flow of timecode but doesn't result in the timecode being reset to 00:00:00:00.
time-lapse photography	An extreme form of fast motion in which a single frame is exposed at regular intervals (from a second to an hour or even longer) and then projected at normal speed (24 frames per second), thus compressing an action that usually takes hours or weeks into a few seconds on the screen.
sync pulse	Timing pulses added to a video signal to keep the entire video process synchronized in time.
white peak	The maximum excursion of the video signal in the white direction at the time of observation.
emerging values	Beliefs or attitudes held by a growing number of people in a society
cinemascope.	Seewide screen.
assistant camera	A person who assists the camera operator by maintaining the camera
opaquer	When individual cells of an animated film must be colored in, the opaquer is the person who does it.
stock footage	Previously shot footage from a film library that’s inserted into a movie.
fast-in	Fast-in is a dramatic acceleration in an animation clip at the start of the action.
extend edit	An edit in which the edit point is moved to the position of the playhead in the Timeline
video production	The process of planning, videotaping, editing, and otehr procedures to come up with a finished video or DVD.
multimode effect	An effect that results from the difference in time required for different light signals to traverse the length of a multimode optical fiber.
extreme close-up	In film, television, still photography and the comic strip medium a close-up tightly frames a person or an object
crosscut	When two or more scenes are weaved together to show actions occurring simultaneously.
pixel aspect ratio	The width-to-height ratio for the pixels that compose an image
top lighting	Lighting coming from above a person or object, usually in order to outline the upper areas of the figure or to separate it more clearly from the background.
off-line	Before editing is done on-line, this preliminary process allows editing to be done at a facility with a lower cost.
sound bite	Any short, recorded video-with-audio or audio-only segment for use in an edited program
html	Hypertext Markup Language
url	Universal Resource Locator
pg-13	First issued by the MPAA in 1983, the PG-13 rating is given by the MPAA to films containing more adult content than those rated PG
frames per second	the speed at which an animation, film or video is displayed
f stop	Also known as the Aperture, F Stops are the numbers that refer to the size of the holes that let light into a lens.
gel	Colored material placed in front of a light source to alter its hue
ringing	See ghosting.
rove	A loose style of handheld camerawork, most common in reality TV and some scripted dramas where the camera is continually moving and shifting slightly (as if hovering) as opposed to traditional handheld camerawork where the objective would be to hold the camera as steady as possible.
telephoto lens	A lens of long focal length with a narrow angle of view
depth of field	Abbreviated DOF, this is the range for which objects will be in focus for the movie camera.
slow motion	Slow motion or slowmo is an effect in film-making whereby time appears to be slowed down
talent	Those appearing or being heard in a program.
sabre artist	A production crew member who creates special effects utilizing various software programs.
kinoflo	A popular brand of fluorescent lighting used during filming.
offline editing	Generally refers to the process of editing the majority of one's program at low resolution, either to save on equipment costs or to conserve hard disk space
light meters	A light meter is an instrument used to measure the intensity of light
pedestal	Camera moves vertically lower or raises the camera higher whilst maintaining camera level.
kinescope	A film recording of a video image displayed on a specially designed television monitor
character actor	An actor or actress who specializes in playing a particular type of character
double exposure	Exposing a single frame of film twice to create an overlapping image in the final product.
twisted pair	A cable composed of two small insulated conductor twisted together
point-of-view shot	A shot taken with the camera placed approximately where a character's eye would be, showing what the character would see
d2	A standard definition digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, uncompressed composite video signal with 4Fsc color sampling
leadman	In charge of the swing gangs and/or set dressers on a motion picture set
intermediates	General term for color masters and dupes.
set decorator	With authority over the leadman, the set decorator has the ultimate say over where everything goes on the set, including plants, furniture, and drapery.
eye light	Filmmakers often use a low-powered light to produce a lively reflection in the subject's eye
audio	The sound component of a motion picture.
uhf	Ultra High Frequency
ooh	Out of home
hard disks	Common digital storage component in a computer.
32-bit floating point resolution	An extremely high-resolution bit depth used for lossless computation of audio or video data.
playhead	A navigational element in the Viewer and Canvas scrubber bar and in the Timeline
interpreters	Actors who play characters that closely resemble themselves in personality and physical appearance and who interpret these parts dramatically without wholly losing their own identity
ad channels	TV channels dedicated to running advertisements
flash	Referring to a Flash Player that is used by a Adobe System to stream online video content.
mix/effects	A subsystem of a video production switcher where a composite of two or more images can be created
flicker fusion threshold	The flicker fusion threshold (or flicker fusion rate) is a concept in the psychophysics of vision
m/e	Mix/effects.
scene	As in a play, a scene is a section of film which takes place in real time in one location.
in-store digital media	See Digital in-store merchandising.
vhs	An analog videocassette recorder system designed for consumer use.
atmospheric color	Color that is influenced by the various colors and light sources in a color-rich environment.
2:2:2:4 pull-down	An efficient but low-quality pull-down method, primarily useful for previewing the output of real-time effects on an NTSC monitor.
color analyzer	Equipment used to color correct a negative and to determine the correct printing lights.
unreliable narrator	A narrator that is not trustworthy, whose rendition of events must be taken with a grain of salt
field	Half a scanning cycle
clipping	Distortion occurring during the playback or recording of digital audio because of a signal that exceeds the maximum sample value of 0 dBFS.
continuity	The illusion of continuous action, even when segments are edited together that were recorded at different times.
trace and paint	After the rough animations have gone through cleanup and a final line or pencil test, each drawing is traced and painted for the final animation
timeline index	You can view a text-based, chronological list of the clips, keywords, and markers in a project using the Timeline Index
depth of field	This refers to the area that is in focus when you shot your film
a-list	An actor who commands top billing and a large salary
book-ending	a framing device within which a main plot line is presented as being told or read to another, often embellished by the use of a voice-over narration throughout the film (as in Raising Arizona, The Princess Bride or Stand By Me)
clip selection	A selection of whole clips in the Event Browser or the Timeline
model release	The form giving permission to photograph or record someone's voice or image.
production	The phase of a film where principal photography occurs
hard lighting	Illumination that creates sharp-edge shadows.
var	Value Added Reseller
multimedia display	See Digital display sign and Multimedia.
plan-sèquence	shallow focus
assistant director	This individual assists the director by keeping track of the production schedule and minute-by-minute progress of the production
postsynchronization	discontinuity editing
direct sound	Music, noise, and speech recorded from the event at the moment of filming; the opposite of postsynchronization
circuit breaker	An automatically operated switch created to protect electrical circuits from damage.
delay	The time required for a signal to pass through a device or conductor.
favorite	A customized effect that is used frequently
edl	(Edit Decision List) List of edits prepared during the off-line edit.
window burn	Visual timecode or keycode information superimposed onto video frames
underlighting	Lighting cast from a point below the figure.
2:3:3:2 pull-down	The pull-down pattern used by DV devices that support advanced pull-down.
fast-out	Dramatic acceleration at the end of the action.
donut	A term for an animation that has a start, a middle (the hole), and an end
gels	Commonly used within lighting gels are transparent sheets of material used to colour light.
distribution amplifier	A device used to replicate an input signal, typically providing 6 outputs, each of which is identical to the input
close-up	A framing in which the scale of the object shown is relatively large
traveling matte shot	The action in the foreground is superimposed onto a background that’s been filmed separately
frequency	The rate of repetition of an electrical or audio signal, expressed in Hertz (cycles per second).
a/b-roll	editing Uses two video sources played simultaneously, to be mixed or cut between.
frame	see UNITS OF FILM LENGTH
internal diegetic sound	Sound represented as coming from the mind of a character within the story space
premise	The main idea of a movie
frame	A complete television picture made up of two fields, produced at the rate of approximately 29.97 Hz (color), or 30 Hz (black & white).
faders	In the Audio Mixer, vertical sliders used to adjust the audio levels of clips at the position of the playhead
dve	Transitions between shots have become so numerous because of the advent of DVE's or digital video effects in computer based editors and mixers that it would be impossible to list the dozens of different patterns and effects
abrasion marks	scratches on film caused by dirt, emulsion pile ups, improper handling, and other film damage.
internegative	A negative made from a positive image such as reversal film
protagonist	The lead character in a film
sepia	Brassy "antique" look characteristic of old photographs
touch screen	Computer monitor attachment that displays a response to a question or prompt when someone touches a...
sequencer	Device or software that is used to compose a musical score, convert it into a MIDI file, and play...
toe	Bottom portion of the characteristic curve, where slope increases gradually with constant changes in exposure.
ambient light	Light that exists or natuarally occurs in a scene.
ascii	American Standard Code for Information Interchange
bit part	A small, unimportant role in a film, usually no more than one scene in length.
zebra pattern	In a video camera, striped patterns which appear in the viewfinder screen to indicate areas of the image where the video level is higher than a certain value.
tungsten	A type of lighting that has a filament that results in an orange glow.
s/n	See signal-to-noise ratio.
verbal release	This is a verbal agreement between filmmaker and subject that allows the filmmaker to use their image in their video.
sampling rate	In sound digitisation, the number of samples taken per second
markers	In Final Cut Pro, markers refer to either the edit points that define the start and end points of a clip, or points of reference that you can use to denote places of interest in your clips and sequences.
window dub	A "burned-in window", usually on a videotape showing time code, keykode or audio time code numbers
parade scope	A waveform monitor mode that shows the video signal as separate red, green, and blue waveforms
claw	used to hold film in place during exposure.
reverb	A slight echo.
voice over	Refers to the audio that is presented over images or video from a subject who is typically not present in the images/video themselves.
nonsimultaneous sound	Diegetic sound that comes from a source in time either earlier or later than the images it accompanies.
talent	Generic term for the people or creatures assuming primary on-screen roles in a videotaping.
animator	An individual responsible for creating frames during the animation process.
treatment	Longer than a synopsis but shorter than a script, a treatment provides a summary of major scenes, describes major characters, and may also include sample dialogue
foley artist	A film sound technician who is responsible for adding visible sounds (such as walking, fighting, or falling) to enhance a soundtrack after the primary production has been completed.
pan-and-zoom technique	A way of substituting for cutting into and out of a scene; continuous pans and zooms concentrate attention on significant aspects of a scene
pixel	A pixel is a distinct tiny dot on a computer screen and is the smallest element of an animation image
tracking shot	A camera movement in which the camera body moves through space in a horizontal path
voice-over artist	The individual responsible for creating a voice-over.
character sheet	A record of a player character in a role-playing game, including whatever details, notes, game statistics, and background information a player would need during a play session.
giraffe	The giraffe is a boom microphone that can be manipulated and extended by its user.
function	In Toon Boom, a function is a computer generated motion, trajectory or path that elements, other trajectories and effects parameters can be attached to
diegetic sound	Any speech, music, or sound effect that originates from a source within the film's story
pretest	An assessment of student's entering abilities or opinions before they're exposed to some treatment or material.
audio units	The standard real-time audio filter format for audio applications used with OS X.
score	The parts of a movie soundtrack that are just instrumentals
one-inch	The width of videotape within which there are three formats: Type A, Type B, and Type C.
diegetic sound	Also known as “actual sound,” this is a sound created by someone or something visible to the audience or implied to be present by events on the screen.
pattern matching	use of wildcards * and ? as part of a filename specification, to select multiple files with similar names.
installedcontent folder	a folder on the Player for content files that have been placed on the machine by some method other than being sent by Content Manager-being copied from a CD-ROM, or downloaded by a separate application, for example
component video	System of signal recording and processing that maintains the original video elements separately rather than combined (encoded) into a single, composite signal.
ntsc	Determined by the National Television Standards Committee, this designation denotes 525 lines of resolution at 60 half-frames per second for television and video displays in the United States and Canada
interactive script	a script in which the viewer controls the direction of the production.
root	A folder that is used as the base reference point for defining all other paths in a web server or...
chromakeying	Employing either a bluescreen or greenscreen, this technique allows for specific color elements (also known as “chroma”) to be replaced by computer generated images.
graphic handle	a small, solid square placed along the edge of a clip, used to adjust the size or shape of the element.
double system recording	Synchronous sound recording separate from the camera
red epic	The Red Epic is a high-end digital cinema camera, manufactured by the Red Digital Cinema Camera Company
copyright	A "patent" on an original work.
animation	Any process whereby artificial movement is created by photographing a series of drawings (see cel animation), objects, or computer images one by one
screenplay	A screenplay or script is the translation of the treatment into a visual blueprint for production layering end to end the particular scenes emplying the specific descriptive language of the medium to describe what is to be seen on hte screen and heard on the sound track.
traffic	Data that is transferred across a network
reflected light	That light which bounces off an illuminated subject
key pose	Important positions in the action defining the starting and ending points of any smooth transition
bicycle	To distribute programs by sending them to a succession of locations.
linear key	A key signal that is composed of varying levels of grey, as opposed to white and black
pitch/pitching	Pitching is talking not writing
exterior shot	The practice of filming outside of a building, room or area to provide on screen context
search focus	see FOCUS.
demultiplexer	A device used to separate two or more signals that were previously combined by a compatible multiplexer and are transmitted over a single channel.
camera angle	The camera angle marks the specific location at which a camera is placed to take a shot
audio channel indicator	An icon in the Edit to Tape window that indicates which audio tracks are being output.
backspace	A keyboard key that is pressed to delete the character to the left of the cursor.
account	An Internet video term referring to online video websites that have a Sign Up function for users to upload their video content.
interlaced scanning	To economise bandwidth for CRT monitors, lines of video are recorded as separate fields of odd lines followed by scans of the even lines
camera angle	The point of view from which a camera films a subject
white balance	Electronic adjustment of a video camera to retain truest colors of recorded image
mini-majors	Examples of the mini majors would include Gramercy or Embassy
avid	An editing suite provider.
agc	Automatic Gain Control
interview subjects	Individuals who will be interviewed for your project.
record monitor	In a linear editing suite, a monitor that displays the edited master tape
complexity	The use of a variety of camera angles and editing to enhance the intensity of action in a scene.
air	A process that prevents the letters and the underline in underlined text from blending.
off book	This refers to when an actor has completely memorized their cues and lines
slate	The digital board that is held in front of the camera and identifies shot number, director, cameraperson, studio and title
offscreen space	The six areas blocked from being visible on the screen but still part of the space of the scene: to each side and above and below the frame, behind the set, and behind the camera
viewing time	The length of time it takes to watch a film when it is projected at the appropriate speed.
cucalorus	Lighting accessory consisting of random pattern of cutouts that forms shadows when light passes through it
secam	With 625 lines of resolution at 50 half-frames per second, this is the standard for televisions in some African nations, France, parts of Eastern Europe, and the Middle East.
limiter	An amplifier designed to limit or compress signals over a desired level, thus reducing the chances of distortion and keeping the range of signal levels within the range that can be recorded
authoring station	A device that runs authoring software to publish multimedia scripts.
negative ratio	During the production of a motion picture, the phrase “negative ratio” refers to the aspect ratio of the negative used for shooting.
dramatic readings	This is a narrative convention used by actors/subjects to bring to life letters, diaries and documents.
splicing	The joining together of two or more pieces of film.
still store	A device that stores and recalls still images
aperture	This is the small hole that opens in the lens and directs the amount of light coming in contact with the film plane
theory	When applied to the cinema, a philosophical or aesthetic model which seeks to explain the basic characteristics of film
active audience	A way of conceptualising audience that sees people as active consumers of media texts
runaway production	The practice of Hollywood film companies shooting their films abroad after World War II
commentators	Seeinterpreters.
option	Also known as optioning a script, this process allows someone to secure the rights to a script for a particular time
aspect ratio	A film or video frame's width-to-height ratio on any viewing screen
alternate ending	If a film’s ending tests poorly before release, it may be reshot
nonlinear editing	Digital "cut and paste" editing that uses a hard drive instead of tape to store images
microphone element	the part of the microphone the converts sound waves into electrical energy.
name typing	The use of names possessing appropriate qualities of sound, meaning, or connotation to help describe a character.
chrominance	The color portion of a video signal.
rem-jet backing	Antihalation backing used on certain films
streaming video	Video that may be viewed from a website but not stored on the user's computer
peg layers	Peg layers also known as trajectory layers do not contain any drawings and are used when working with advanced puppet rigging in digital animation software such as Toon Boom Studio
touch screen	also called a touch-sensitive screen, a computer monitor attachment that can sense the location at which a viewer touches the screen to respond to a question or prompt in a script.
motion picture association	Serves as an advocate for the motion picture industry both domestically and abroad
dvcpro 50	A standard-definition (SD) digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, 3.3:1 compressed component video signal with 4:2:2 color sampling
chyron	Specifically, this is the brand name for a character generator sold by Chyron
velocity/ease	In animation, the velocity, also known as ease, is the acceleration and deceleration of a motion
time code	Synchronization system, like a clock recorded on your videotape, assigning corresponding hours, minutes, seconds and frame-number designations to each frame
wide-angle lens	A lens of short focal length that affects a scene's perspective by distorting straight lines near the edges of the frame and by exaggerating the distance between foreground and background planes
academy ratio	The standardized shape of the film frame established by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
steadicam operators association	Also known as SOA, the Stedicam Operators Association represents and provides job referrals for stedicam operators around the globe.
negative	The original film that is used in the camera, from which a positive print is made for editing
director's cut	A special version of a motion picture that differs from its theatrical-release form
academy award	Also known as an Oscar, the Academy Award is presented yearly and recognizes achievements in American cinema.
script	While a number of different scripts exist (lined script, continuity script, shooting script, etc.), the most common script is a screenplay.
4.43 mhz	The approximate frequency of the subcarrier used in PAL video to carry the color information
graphic handles	Points around a graphic that are used to manipulate the graphic when it is clicked.
pan	to rotate the camera about on its vertical axis.
button per source	A control panel which has a separate button for each source
framing	The composition of a filming shot.
eprom	Erasable programmable read-only memory
ingest	The process of capturing video onto a computer.
frequency response	Measure of the range of frequencies a medium can respond to and reproduce
flc	An animation file format from Autodesk, commonly known as a flick file.
dynamic digital signage	See dynamic signage.
ease-out	Gradual deceleration in the action
period piece	A film that takes place not in the present but in some earlier period of history.
x	Refers to the x coordinate in Cartesian geometry
feature presentation	The main film on a double bill, or the movie that’s being screened by a theatre.
file-based editing	Instead of videotape, editing is done using file-based media such as a hard drive, otpical disc, or solid-state storage.
4:2:2	A commonly used term for a component digital video format
roughs	Rough is a common name in an animation movie for a drawing that is utilized as a reference but which does not form part of the final image
western	A film genre that takes place in the latter stages of the 19th century in the United States
premise	The term refers to a compact statement of teh essential idea of a movie or program
field	Any place not in the studio.
flicker	The alternation of light and dark periods which can be visually appreciated.
linked selection button	A button in the upper-right corner of the Timeline that turns the linked selection option on and off.
composite video	a standard video signal containing color, brightness, and sync information
shot sheet	A rundown of shots in sequence for a given camera for a studio taping.
comic relief	A character or situation designed to offset the otherwise dramatic events in a film.
deus ex machina	Latin for “god from the machine,” the term deus ex machina refers to an event in a film where the character’s problems are solved in a contrived fashion or one which comes out of nowhere
whip pan	A pan that occurs so fast that the picture is slightly blurred.
parallel editing	see PARALLEL ACTION.
blacklisting	The practice of barring an actor or director from work due to their religious, social, personal, or political beliefs
wide angle	This term is somewhat loose
saas	Software as a service over the Internet
digital in-store merchandising	Digital content displayed on LCD, LEDand plasma display panels in retail stores to attract the...
record monitor	The monitor that plays the previewed and finished versions of your project when you print to tape.
hard white clip	Stops the composite video going above a predetermined level.
mos	Slang for silent shooting
scrims	The are circular screens made of wire mesh and placed in fronto of a light
fill light	horizontal integration
ribbon cable	Flat cable with multiple parallel conductors that have been individually insulated.
dslr	Short for digital single lens reflex camera, which is a popular form of professional still camera
cel animation	Animation that uses a series of drawings on pieces of celluloid, called cels for short
production supervisor	An assistant to the producer, in charge of the routine administrative duties.
rushes	prints made immediately after a day's shooting so they can be viewed the following day
content folder	a folder on the Player machine in which all content files sent to the Player are stored
aperture	The opening in a lens that allows light to enter
streeters	An Americanism referring to getting audio interviews off general members of the public.
ntsc	(National Television Standards Committee) the color video and broadcasting standard used mainly in North America and Japan
white balance	The process of adjusting the video camera or camcorder's color response to the surrounding light.
meta data	This is the data about your data
s-vhs	S=super
gobo	A gobo (or GOBO) derived from "Go Between" or GOes Before Optics -originally used on film sets between a light source and the set is a physical template slotted inside, or placed in front of, a lighting source, used to control the shape of emitted light.
production company	A company that is involved with the production of a film.
optical printer	Film printer used to blow up the image size of a neg
color correction	A process in which the color of clips used in an edited program is evened out so that all shots in a given scene match
db	A measure of voltage, current, or power gain equal to l/10 of a Bel
command performance	A great performance delivered by an actor, often a short time before his or her death.
fade-in/fade-out	Transition effects used to open or close a sequence
blocking	in any scene where there is movement it is first necessary to block out or choreograph all movement and then rehearse it so that the camera and microphone can stay with the performer and also so that no unwanted images get caught on film.
epilogue	A short scene at the end of a film where character’s look back on the events that have come before.
crawl	Text or graphics that move across screen horizontally, typically from bottom right to left
reference video signal	A video signal which contains a sync signal or sync and burst signals, used as a reference for synchronization of video equipment.
teleconferencing	Electronically linked meeting, conducted among groups in separate geographic locations.
lower third	A usually keyable super which is located in the lower third of the screen.
intranet	The organization's internal website, but may be a more extensive part of the organization's information technology infrastructure.
infinite loop	See Loop.
answer print	The first print combining picture and sound submitted by the laboratory for the customers' approval.
shoulder	High density portion of a characteristic curve in which the slope changes with constant changes in exposure
double exposure	Used to create multiple images by exposing the same section of film two or more times.
lossless data compression	A compression technique that allows the original data to be reconstructed when uncompressed
shotgun	Highly directional microphone with long "barrel," designed to pick up sound from extreme subject-to-mike distances.
wireframe	A view of the outline of a clip's video frame.
mp3	(MPEG-1 Audio Layer-3) A digital audio format for compressing sound into a very small computer file, while preserving the original level of quality. MP3 uses an algorithm to achieve this compression, reducing data about sound that is not within the normal range of human hearing. (MPEG is the Motion Picture Experts Group.)
render status bars	Two slim horizontal bars, at the top of the Timeline, that indicate which parts of the sequence need to be rendered
pickup	[1] A video camera's image sensing element, either CCD (charge coupled device) or MOS (metal oxide semiconductor); converts light to electrical energy
screener	A DVD copy of a film sent to critics prior to the film’s release to the general public.
visual literacy	The ability to express and interpret ideas visually rahter than verbally.
spill	Unwanted light that is infiltrating any aspect of your scene other than the targeted area.
p.o.p.	(point-of-purchase) the term point-of-purchase usually refers to the industry concerned with customer behavior at the location of the purchase decision
digital versatile disc	More commonly known as a DVD, it offers the ability to store a full-length film with digital sound and a high-quality picture
jack	A receptacle for insertion of audio or video cable on audio or video equipment. For example, headphones plug-in to the audio mixer's headphone jack.
arc shot	A shot where the camera circles around the subject.
project	In Final Cut Pro, the file that holds all of the elements of your movie, such as clips, bins, and sequences
http	Hypertext Transfer Protocol
luma key	A filter used to key out pixels of a certain luma value (or a range of luma values), creating a matte based on the brightest or darkest area of an image
cctv	See Closed Circuit Television (CCTV).
alignment	The adjustment of components in a system for optimum performance.
rough cut	first assembly of a film which the editor prepares from selected takes, in script order, leaving the finer points of timing and editing to a later stage.
action	This term is announced to indicate the beginning of a take during filming
animation	A form of filmmaking which consists of photographing individual drawings (cels) or inanimate objects (such as puppets or clay figures) FRAME
blow-up printing	Optical printing resulting usually in a larger print image size from the original negative.
audio bridge	A sound that occurs in one scene and carries over into the next
bit rate	This a unit of measurement used to assess the transfer of data per unit over time.
yahoo! video	A video sharing/hosting site launched in 2008.
camera	A device used for capturing images during the production of a film
interlace	The manner in which a television picture is composed, scanning alternate lines to produce one field, approximately every 1/60 of a second in NTSC
telecine	Device for transferring motion picture film to video tape.
academy aperture	Projection aperture screen image aspect ration of approximately 1:37:1.
auto render	A feature that allows Final Cut Pro to render open sequences whenever a specified number of idle minutes have passed.
front row	Front Row, an application that comes with OS X, is a way to navigate through your iTunes, iLife, and Final Cut Pro media using an Apple remote control or the Remote app
gaffer	A gaffer in the motion picture industry is the head of the electrical department, responsible for the execution (and sometimes the design) of the lighting plan for a production
lavaliere microphone	A small mic designed to be worn close to the body.
efp	Electronic Field Production
day-for-night	This means shooting night scenes during the day
superimpose edit	An edit that overlays one or more tracks of video so they play at the same time
electronic billboards	Large screen displays or television channels that are used to show advertisements
dvcpro hd	A high-definition (HD) video format that records an 8-bit, compressed component video signal with 4:2:2 color sampling
hold	A term used on a film’s continuity report
pixel	The smallest distinguishable and resolvable area in a video image
key light	In the three-point lighting system, the brightest illumination coming into the scene
spot	The act of adjusting a light's spot or flood control so the light is at its narrowest, most intense beam.
camcorder	An item of video equipment that uses a video camera permanently attached to a video deck to create and record video signal.
fit to fill edit	An edit in which a clip's speed is adjusted to fit a specified duration in a sequence.
surveillance video	Video that is recorded passively or secretly.
grant	An allocation of money awarded competitively for a particular project.
symbols	In Toon Boom Animate, Symbols are boxes in which you can place whatever you feel like
scene	In the language of moving images, a sequence of related shots usually constituting action in one particular location
digitizing	The act of taking analog video and/or audio and converting it to digital form
batch capture	A process in which previously logged clips' media is captured from a VTR or camcorder to your hard disk
pa system	Public address system of microphones, amplifiers, and speakers, usually installed in an auditorium or meeting room.
fast motion	Action that appears faster on screen that it could occur in reality
yawner	A slang term that describes a boring film.
aperture	Effective Aperture: The apparent diameter of a lens viewed from the position of the object against a diffusely illuminated background, such as a sky
credits	Listings of all those involved in making a program, usually appearing at the end of a television program or film.
p2 card	Digital media cards used by some Panasonic cameras including the Panasonic HVX-200.
bracketing	In order to get a certain effect, a scene may be shot several times with varying F-stops
terminal equipment	Equipment at an end of communication lines that send and/or receive certain signals for specific services
synopsis	A summary of the main contents or elements of the plot in film
dcc	Dynamic Contrast Control
bnc	Bayonet Neill-Concelman
audio frequency modulation	(AFM) Method of recording hi-fi audio on videotape along with video signals.
curtains	Non-uniform densities running lengthwise of the image.
silver recovery	Reclaiming the silver from processing solutions
pre production	The planning and overall preparation that occurs before you begin filming.
slow motion	The action appears slower on the screen than it could in reality
avi	Microsoft's older standard format for digital video.
industrial video	Nonbroadcast video produced by an organization for instructional/informational use.
viral video	Online videos that users send to one another via e-mails with a link to the video
genlock	(generator locking device) Synchronizes two video sources, allowing part or all of their signals to be displayed together
wildcard	A special character, usually an asterisk (*) or a question mark (?), that represents one or more...
s.a.g paperwork	Very important forms required by the Screen Actors Guild whenever an actor in their professional union works on a production.
mov	File extension for digital video files in QuickTime.
answer print	The first print made from a negative
usb drives	Also known as "thumb drives", these are popular, sturdy flash media storage devices a little bigger than a pen cap that plug into a computer's USB port
fly-on	a type of wipe in which an image or text moves onto the screen from a position outside the screen borders.
alan smithee	A pseudonym once used by directors who wanted their names removed from a project due to issues over quality or control
wipe	Optical transition effect in which one image is replaced by another at a boundary edge moving in a selected pattern across the frame
angle of framing	canted framing
composite	The red, green, and blue portions of a video signal are encoded into a single, composite signal
wide-angle lens	oligopoly
wipe	A transition between shots in which a line passes across the screen, gradually eliminating the first shot and replacing it with the next one.
aspect ratio	Aspect ratio refers to the width of an image relative to its height
spline	A curve shape produced on a computer or video device by connecting dots or points at various intervals along the curve
digital-8	A standard definition consumer digital video format that records a DV video signal onto Hi-8-style tapes.
shallow focus	A restricted depth of field,
film noir	Means “Black Film” in French
music	A music track is created independently of production
rack unit	Unit of measure of vertical space in an equipment rack
itfs	Instructional Television Fixed Service; a distribution technology using a special band of frequencies set aside for educational narrowcasting.
videocassette	A length of videotape wound around two reels and enclosed in a plastic shell.
xdcam hd	An extension of the Sony XDCAM format that supports high definition video recording at three quality levels
harmonic distortion	The production of harmonics at the output of a circuit when period wave is applied to its input
mbps	Megabits per second
third-person selective or limited	The narrator is omniscient except for the fact that his or her powers of mind reading are limited to or at least focused on a single character, who becomes the central figure through whom we view the action.
output impedance	The impedance a device presents to its load
windscreen	a form-fitting foam cover for the top of the microphone that eliminates the rumbling sound caused by wind and sudden bursts of air.
anamorphic	An optical system that features different magnifications in regard to the horizontal and vertical dimensions of a film
bid	A price quoted for an object or service.
reestablishing shot	A return to a view of an entire space after a series of closer shots following the establishing shot.
monopod	Works the same as a Tripod, but only has a single extending and locking leg.
double-system recording	Double-system recording is a form of sound recording used in motion picture production whereby the sound for a scene is recorded on a machine that is separate from the camera or picture-recording apparatus.
feature film	A movie that lasts for a length of at least 40 to 45 minutes
secam	(Systèm Electronique pour Couleur avec Mémoire) Video Format at 625 scan lines, tape runs at 25 frames per second.
cheat	Traditional filming term referring to moving a member of the film crew to a new position to capture a better shot.
character generator	A computer used to generate text and sometimes graphics for video titles.
vcr	See videocassette recorder.
frame rate	The number of images photographed per second for a video clip.
waveform monitor	A device used to examine the video signal and synchronizing pulses
group	A collection of pages or elements indicated as a single menu item.
monitor	[1:video] Television set without receiving circuitry, connected electronically to camcorder or VCR for display of live or recorded video signals
motif	In film, a motif is a recurring image that symbolises an idea or issue.
mask	An image or clip used to define areas of transparency in another clip
hypodermic needle theory	The Hypodermic Needle Theory suggests that the media has a direct and powerful influence on audiences
cost-effectiveness	An assessment of the benefits versus the cost of something.
documentary	Sometimes abbreviated “Docu,” a documentary contains no professional actors and often serves as a journalistic-style narrative about a particular person or event.
cross burning	Cross burning or cross lighting is a practice widely associated with the Ku Klux Klan, although the historical practice long predates the Klan's inception
reversal process	Any photographic process in which an image is produced by secondary development of the silver halide grains that remain after the latent image has been changed to silver by primary development and destroyed by a chemical bleach
rgb	Red Green Blue
stock footage	Footage borrowed from previous films or a stock library
technicolor	The trade name of a three color process used to make release prints; no longer used in this country or Europe, but still being used commercially in China.
external conflict	A personal and individual struggle between the central character and another character or between the central character and some nonhuman force such as fate, society, or nature.
thumb tabs	(1) Small tabs between the audio and video scroll bars in the Timeline that define separate groups of audio or video tracks with their own scroll bars
fly-on	See Element transition.
tilt	A vertical camera movement from a fixed position.
dead air	Sections of pure silence during a production.
snapping button	A button in the upper-right corner of the Timeline that you click to turn snapping on and off.
ellipsoidal reflector spot light	A Lekolite (often abbreviated to Leko) is a type of ellipsoidal reflector spotlight (ERS) used in stage lighting
credits	Appearing at the beginning or end of a film (often both), the credits are a list of the cast and crew involved with the production of a motion picture.
close-up	In film, television, still photography and the comic strip medium a close-up tightly frames a person or an object
pal	Phase Alternate Line
point-of-view shot	A shot taken with the camera placed approximately where the character's eyes would be, showing what the character would see; usually cut in before or after a shot of the character looking.
fishpole	A boom for holding a shotgun microphone
cue	A signal to begin a segment or piece of music, usually in a radio drama.
passive element	An element on a page that is not transitioned in or out of the page
music editor	Edits the live vocals, score, songs, and source music in conjunction with the composer and music supervisor.
bezier curve	In its simplest form, a line defined by two end points and two associated control points, or "handles." Pulling the control points adjusts the line into a curve
base	The transparent flexible cellulose acetate support that holds the emulsion coating.
image processing	enhancing and manipulating an image, such as by adjusting its size, resolution, or color palette.
medium close-up	A framing in which the scale of the object shown is fairly large; a human figure seen from the chest up would fill most of the screen.
freeze frame shot	A freeze frame shot is used when one shot is printed in a single frame several times, in order to make an interesting illusion of a still photograph.
chroma	The characteristic of a color which refers to its saturation or intensity
cue cards	Large cards with the film’s dialogue written on them
link indicators	In the Timeline, lines under clip names that indicate that the clips are linked.
copy	The script for a radio segment.
pots	Plain old telephony service
a-roll edit	An edit of clips that contain audio data from the base track or a narration.
flip frame	A transitional device in which the entire frame seems to flip over to reveal a new scene-an effect very similar to turning a page.
sound recordist	The individual on a film or video crew responsible for setting up the audio recording equipment and for setting the levels and managing the audio recording during a shoot.
shallow focus	A restricted depth of field, which keeps only one plane in sharp focus; the opposite of deep focus.
universal leader	A film projection leader, designed according to ANSI for the projection rate of 24fps (1 1/2 feet per second), and recommended for use on all release prints.
dv	An abbreviation for Digital Video.
telex	A piece of reporting equipment (earpiece) that allows a production team to feed information to a subject during filming.
gaffer's tape	A strong adhesive tape used in film and television production.
optical	any device carried out by the optical department of a lab using an optical printer
walla walla	The noise made by extras when crowd background noise is required during filming
waveform monitor	A window in Final Cut Pro that displays the relative levels of brightness and saturation in the clip currently being examined
tweak up	To make fine adjustments.
project	A project provides a record of your editing decisions and the media you use
condensation	is moisture condensation usualy on the head drum, which cases the tape to stick to the drum, resulting in damaging the tape and posible malfunction of the recorder.
satellite uplink	The communications path from a ground station to its satellite.
pivot	A pivot in animation software such as Toon Boom Studios is the point around which one a peg or a drawing rotates.
pre-roll	[1] Slight backing-up function of camcorders and VCRs when preparing for tape recording; ensures smooth, uninterrupted transitions between scenes at edit points
focus	The degree to which light rays coming from the same part of an object through different parts of the lens converge at the same point on the film frame, creating sharp outlines and distinct textures.
hi8	Improved version of 8mm videotape format characterized by higher luminance resolution for a sharper picture
in-camera editing	Assembling finished program "on the fly" as you videotape
internal framing	The placement of a figure or figures (or other important objects) within boundaries formed by other mise-en-scene elements (sets, objects, other figures, etc.) A composition often referred to as "frame within the frame." (See also FRAMING.)
helical scan	The way that most videotape by the head.
wilhelm scream	A distinctive stock scream first recorded for the 1951 film Distant Drums by voice performer Sheb Wooley
traditional animation	The traditional animation process is the action of drawing on paper all of the animation sequences before either scanning them or inking them on cels.
mastering mode	In Final Cut Pro, a mode in the Edit to Tape window that lets you output additional elements such as color bars and tone, a slate, and a countdown when you output your program to tape.
laser-optical	A videodisc format.
ftp server	A computer that receives FTP requests from another computer.
rca connector	See phono (RCA).
can	A round metal container that holds reels of film for transport
flesh tone	A special marker in the Final Cut Pro Vectorscope that indicates an area of appropriate range for all shades of skin color
back links	These are website links for your own website that are found on sites other than your own.
day-for-night	see LIGHTING
postsynchronization	editing
parabola	A parabolic dish used to reflect sound waves, concentrating them on a microphone, allowing sound to be picked up from greater distances than with even a normal unidirectional or shotgun microphone.
sensitivity	Degree of responsiveness of a film to light
creator	The major creative force behind a group of characters, movie, or series.
redface	Similar to blackface, the term redface refers to an older film practice of making white men up to look like Native Americans (often with rather unrealistic results).
clips bin –	a section of the nonlinear editing system display screen that contains icons representing each audio, video, and graphic element available for use in the video project.
adaptation	A film based upon a literary work.
motion control	A technique used to move the viewer through a live action tableau by employing a computer-controlled camera
smpte	It stands for Standard of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
push software	Software that pushes information from a broadcast server to a receiver
topology	The physical and logical structure of a computer network.
test pattern	Any of various combinations of converging lines, alignment marks, colored bars and gray scales appearing on screen to aid in the adjustment of video equipment optimal for picture alignment, registration, and contrast
answer print	The first print of a film to combine picture and sound
datacasting	The broadcasting of digital data to signPlayers.
cctv	Closed-circuit TV, or video distribution through receiving sites physically wired to the source.
dvcam	A standard-definition (SD) digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, 5:1 compressed component video signal with 4:1:1 color sampling (PAL uses 4:2:0)
key light	In the three-point lighting system, the brightest illumination coming onto the scene
chyron	Technology that allows text to be added to the bottom of the screen
special makeup effects	An artist who combines expertise in foam latex, silicone, gelatine, makeup, and hairwork to create special effects during production.
dimmers	Dimmers are used in home and theatrical lighting
authoring tools	Software with built-in programming features to enable the creation of multimedia products and...
stock shot	Previously shot footage stored in a file so it is conveniently accessed as needed.
cans	Film slang for industry standard headphones.
flat panel signage	Refers to using flat panel electronic display devices, such as plasma display panels (PDPs) or liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in place of traditional signs
railroad coordinator	If a film project involves railroads, this is the person in charge of making sure everything railroad related looks right and is taken care of
ntsc	National Television Standards Committee
aspect ratio	When dealing with images created on a computer, it is sometimes necessary to deal with the differences between the square pixels used in a software program and the eventual output format or device
amp	Unit of electrical measure equal to one volt sent through a resistance of one ohm
featured background	Actors who are placed in the background of a scene in prominent positions.
framing	The selection and composition of the onscreen contents of a shot with respect to the edges of the screen
up-link	A site sending signals up to a satellite.
colorization	A digital process that allows black and white films to be converted to color
hue	The tint of colour.
focal plane	The plane perpendicular to the lens axis at which parallel rays striking the lens are converged to a point.
laser-reflectance	A videodisc format.
flare	Dark or colored flashes caused by signal overload through extreme light reflections of polished objects or very bright lights.
log bin	In Final Cut Pro, the specified bin where all of your logged clips go.
screen actors guild	Also known as SAG, the Screen Actors Guild is an industry union that safeguards the rights of its membership
chroma-keying	The replacement of part of a video picture with the corresponding part of another shot by punching a "hole" in a picture where a certain colour appears
sysadmin	See System Administrator.
barn door	A metal flap or group of metal flaps attached to the front of a lamp housing to prevent light from spilling outside a desired area.
baud rate	Measurement of the speed of data transfer via a modem in bits per second.
additional camera	An additional camera operator who may be required during stunt or action sequences
g	An MPAA rating that indicates a film is suitable for audience members of all ages.
film gauge	The width of a piece of film stock, measured in millimeters
color reversal internegative	An internegative, also referred to as Color reversal internegative or CRI, is a motion picture film duplication process designed by Kodak in the 1970s as an alternative to existing processes of creating film duplicates
whip pan	A fast pan which makes the image blur.
transistor	A semiconductor electronic device having three electrodes and used for signal buffering, amplification, etc.
rough cut	In filmmaking, the Rough cut is the second of three stages of offline editing
bagger	An American TV slang term used to refer to stock footage that can be played at any time.
pattern matching	The adding of wildcards to a filename in order to select files with a similar name.
automated dialogue replacement	Also known as ADR, Looping, or Dialogue Looping
mp3	The most popular method of compressing audio and video for computer and Internet displays.
push software	software that pushes news and information from a broadcast server to a player client
test point	Typically a post in a circuit that can be monitored to test a parameter of the circuit.
iris	A round, moving mask that can close down to end a scene (iris-out) or emphasize a detail, or that can open to begin a scene (iris-in) or to reveal more space around a detail.
frequency	In a narrative film, the aspect of temporal manipulation that involves the number of times any story event is shown in the plot
densitometer	Instrument used to measure the optical density on film.
dialogue	Lines spoken by the characters in a film.
swell	The increase in motion picture film dimensions caused by the absorption of moisture during storage and use under high humidity conditions
render	The process of combining your video and audio with any applied effects, such as transitions or filters, one frame at a time
static characters	Characters who remain essentially the same throughout the film, either because the action does not have an important effect on their lives or because they are insensitive to the meaning of the action
3d animation	An animation method where dimensional objects, their motion paths, and attributes are geometrically described in a computer
focal length	The distance from the optical center of a lens to the focal plane.
pickups	When one studio makes a film and then another acquires it
dub	To copy by playing back on one machine and recording on another.
videotape	A thin strip of plastic material containing metal particles that are capable of recording and storing a magnetic charge.
post-production	The work done of a movie after principal photography is complete
pyrotechnician	A crew member with experience in the use of explosions and fire.
decibel	Unit of measurement for sound levels; a logarithmic scale used to describe the loudness of sound as perceived by the human ear
vertical sync	The synchronizing pulses used to define the end of one television field and the start of the next occurring at a rate of approximately 59.94Hz (color), and 60Hz (black & white).
guillotine splicer	Device used for butt-splicing film with splicing tape.
color bars	A standard color test signal displayed as columns, often accompanied by a reference audio tone
three-dimensional characters	Seeround characters.
flash forward	A filmed sequence that moves forward in time-the visual scene jumps from the present into the future.
straight cut	A synchronized transition where both the audio and video tracks are cut together.
transitions	Effects that are applied to edit points to smooth out a change from clip to clip
digital sign	See Digital dynamic signage.
stock characters	Minor characters whose actions are completely predictable or typical of their job or profession.
time-lapse	Time-lapse photography is a cinematography technique whereby each film frame is captured at a rate much slower than it will be played back
visual fx	General term used to describe a wide array of special effects accomplished using comptuer software such as Adobe After Effects or Aplle's Motion
positive film	Motion picture film designed for the making of release prints.
motifs	Images, patterns, or ideas that are repeated throughout the film and are variations or aspects of the film's theme.
editor	The person often responsible for the final structure of a film.
film speed	Film speed is the measure of a photographic film's sensitivity to light, determined by sensitometry and measured on various numerical scales, the most recent being the ISO system.
equalize	To filter an audio track to balance the reproduction of ranges of frequencies.
pan	Horizontal camera pivot, right to left or left to right from a stationary position.
pan	Horizontal camera pivot, right to left or left to right, from a stationary position
slow-out	Slow-out is the gradual deceleration in the action in an animation movie
feedback	[1:video] Infinite loop of visual patterns from signal output being fed back as input; achieved by aiming live camera at receiving monitor
luminance	Black-and-white portion of video signal, carries brightness information representing picture contrast, light and dark qualities; frequently abbreviated as "Y." [See chrominance.]
video scopes tab	A tab in the Tool Bench that contains the Waveform Monitor, Vectorscope, RGB Parade scope, and Histogram.
stop motion	In this style of animation, objects are filmed one frame at a time and altered slightly between shots
pot	See "potentiometer."
nd filter	An ND or Neutral density camera filter is used to reduce the intesity of light coming into the lens
ad channels	Semi-automated television channels that run advertisements for various products, such as cars,...
fade in from black	All programs begin with this effect that is simply a mix from black to picture
logging	The process of recording detailed information about which clips from your source tapes you want to use, in preparation for capturing them from videotape.
rushes	Your workprints are usually called rushes or dailies, because a film development lab can produce them so quickly
hiss	Primary background signal interference in audio recording, result of circuit noise from a playback recorder's amplifiers or from a tape's residual magnetism.
fish-eye lens	A special type of extreme wide-angle lens that bends both horizontal and vertical planes and distorts depth relationships.
colour model	In animation a colour model is the official colour design that must be used to paint the animation
electrotachyscope	The électrotachyscope is an 1887 invention of Ottomar Anschütz of Germany which presents the illusion of motion with transparent serial photographs, chronophotographs, arranged on a spinning wheel of fortune or mandala-like glass disc, significant as a technological development in the history of cinema.
fps	Frames Per Second, indicating the number or images exposed per second.
zone	An area which can be painted using a colour.
sensitometer	An instrument with which a photographic emulsion is given a graduated series of exposures to light of controlled spectral quality, intensity and duration.
backlot	Large area on a studio lot used for outdoor sets or nature scenes.
academy leader	Identification and timing countdown film leader designed to specifications of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Science, and placed at the head end of a print reel
signal-to-noise ratio	Relationship between signal strength and a medium's inherent noise
post production	Any video production activity following the initial recording
creative geography	Creative geography, or artificial landscape, is a film making technique invented by the early Russian filmmaker Lev Kuleshov sometime around the 1920s
retail digital signage	See Digital dynamic signage.
optical soundtrack	On a composite print, the optical soundtrack runs beside the frames on a print and allows sound to be recorded.
tagline	The tagline is a phrase or slogan designed to sum up the tone or message of the film so that it will reinforce the memory of the film in the viewer's mind.
optical sound	A sound track in which the record takes the form of variations of a photographic image.
dead track	The complete absence of sound on the soundtrack.
aerial shot	Aerial shots are usually done with a crane or with a camera attached to a special helicopter to view large landscapes
cloud computing	Internet-based shared computing
re-release	When a studio, broadcaster, or distributor once again releases one of its films
vsat	Very Small Aperture Terminal
f-stop	The size of the aperture in a lens, given in f-numbers
answer print	Answer print refers to the first version of a given motion picture that is printed to film after color correction on an interpositive
theme	An overarching idea conveyed by a film (as opposed to the plot, which is what happens)
narrowcasting network	A network that deliver broadcasts to various types of receivers, such as televisions, computer...
lighting	Light can be natural (daylight) or artificial
dc offset	The amount that the dc component of the signal has shifted from its correct level.
form cut	A transition accomplished by framing objects or images of similar contour in two successive shots, so that the first image flows smoothly into the second.
dvcpro hd	High-definition version of DVCPRO recording the same signal as D9HD
y	Symbol for luminance, or brightness, portion of a video signal.
sot	Sound on tape
receiver	Any device capable of demodulating an RF signal, such as a radio, tuner, or television set.
interactive kiosks	usually free-standing information displays that allow users to retrieve information through touch-screens, buttons, and video displays
master	Referring to the primary copy of footage.
sampling precision	the degree of accuracy of the scale used to measure the fluctuations in amplitude of a sound that is being digitized
off line edit	Editing video material on less expensive equipment to produce a rough cut prior to using more expensive equipment for the final product
shot/reverse shot	crane shot
quicktime	Multimedia playback technology from Apple that combines sound, animation, video, and text in a...
project library	The Project Library contains all of the Final Cut Pro projects on your hard disk and on any connected external drives.
video to audio crosstalk	A measurement, typically in dB, of the amount of unwanted video signal energy present in an audio signal.
sot	The abbreviation of Sound On Tape.
phase locked loop	A circuit containing an oscillator whose output phase or frequency locks onto and tracks the phase or frequency of a reference input signal
program development team	A group of people representing clients, content experts, media professionals, and representative audience members who together develop a program.
quartz-halogen	The light of choice in color television, designed to maintain correct color temperature and uniform output throughout its life
bidirectional microphone	A microphone designed to pick up sound on two sides of the microphone along the same axis, but reject sound from any other direction.
ad-id	Is the advertising industry standard unique identifier for all commercial assets
looping	A playback mode in which clips and projects go back to the beginning whenever the playhead reaches the end of the media
microcosm	Meaning "the world in little," a special type of isolated, self-contained setting in which the human activity is actually representative of human behavior or the human condition in the world as a whole.
real-time effects	Changes made to media that can play, record, compress, or decompress on your system as fast as they would when played back in real time, without requiring rendering first.
tie-in	A commercial venture connected to the release of a film
bounce board	A large white card made of posterboard or foam, the Bounce Board is used to reflect soft light during a scene
pdp	See Plasma display panel (PDP).
mediagraphy	A list of media materials available on a given subject.
activation	The process of initiating the licensing of a Toon Boom product
rotoscoping	The technique of manually creating a matte for an element on live-action footage so it may be composited over another background.
time code	A digital signal recorded as a track on a DV tape that maintains consistent playback by digitally marketing the time and tape position in seconds and frames.
close-up	A framing in which the scale of the object shown is relatively large; most commonly a person's head seen from the neck up, or an object of a comparable size that fills most of the screen.
electret condenser	Microphone type incorporating a precharged element, eliminating the need for bulky power sources
mixer	Set of control panels in the sound menu to allow adjustments to volume and other sound sources.
zero-frame reference mark	Dot which identifies the frame directly below as the zero frame specified by both the human readable key number and the machine readable bar code.
american shot	"American shot" is a translation of a phrase from French film criticism, "plan américain" and refers to a medium-long ("knee") film shot of a group of characters, who are arranged so that all are visible to the camera
ieee 1359	A digital cable and connector that handles audio, video, and other informaton between computers, camcorders, and other digital devices
30 degree rule	The thirty degree rule is an important filmmaking guideline which states that you cannot edit two shots together unless they are at least thirty degrees apart or filmed at different shot sizes
waveform monitor	Specialized testing devise that generates a graphic display of a video signal
assemble edit mode	In linear systems, assemble edit mode lays down new video, audio, and control tracks all at once
incoming clip	The clip to which a transition segues
broadcast-safe	Broadcast facilities have limits on the maximum values of luma and chroma that are allowable for broadcast
chroma key	A video mixer-based electronic effect, in which a second video source is substituted for a color (or range of shades within a color) within a video shot. For example, a weather reporter stands in front of a green screen. A weather map (the 2nd video source) replaces the green background using the chroma key effect.
pick-up pattern	The description of the directionality of a microphone
chrominance	That portion of the video signal which contains the color information (hue and saturation)
avid	A company that builds digital non-linear editing suits
deep focus	A use of the camera lens and lighting that keeps both the close and distant planes being photographed in sharp focus.
1/4-inch phone	A connector used in audio production that is characterized by its single shaft with locking tip.
teleprompter	A device that displays the script to the talent as a prompt during taping.
timeline	A window in Final Cut Pro that displays a chronological view of an open sequence
b-movie	Low-budget movies, often shown second in the days of the double feature
1.37:1	The screen ratio for sound films until 1953.
magazine	An attachment to a camera with one or two light-proof chambers that hold 400 or 1,000 feet of film
pal	Programmable array logic
arriflex	A company that manufactures 16mm and 35mm cameras.
flip boom classic	Flip Boom Classic is a complete and simple animation software that makes it easy for kids and beginners to learn animation
normal lens	A lens that shows objects without severely exaggerating or reducing the depth of the scene's planes
claymation	Models that are constructed from plasticine or clay and used for a particular type of animated film
select tool	The default arrow-shaped pointer that allows you to select items in the Timeline
tail clip	The last clip in a sequence, or the clip on the rightmost side when looking at an edit point between two clips.
module	A printed circuit board or assembly that contains electronic components and slides into a cell.
camera log	A record sheet giving details of the scenes photographed on a roll of original negative.
color depth	the number of possible colors in a graphic image, stored as a given number of bits per pixel
recapture	To capture a clip's media file again
sync pop	a single frame tone placed on the sound track so as to correspond with the "2" frame on the SMPTE leader.
atm toppers	Video screens in automatic teller machines that run advertisements, independent of the ATM's...
film modification	The term film modification can be used in general for any form of modification of a film to suit the distributor or the audience's politics or age.
bundesverband kamera	Abbreviated as BVK, this German society is dedicated to promoting high standards of cinematography throughout their country
contract player	A performer who is under contract to star in the films of a particular studio
vectorscope	A video scope in Final Cut Pro that shows the distribution of color in your image on a circular scale
wide-angle lens	focus
creative consultant	An individual who helps with various creative elements during the production of a film
cycle	A cycle is a group of images that together make up an action, such as walking in an animation movie
iris	A round, moving mask
second generation	A copy of a first-generation original tape.
filter	Transparent material, typically glass accessory, mounted at front of camcorder lens to regulate light passing through
translucent powder makeup	Makeup used to smooth and even out complexions as well as diminish the appearance of common blemishes such as wrinkles, acne, freckles, and moles
capture	A term used to refer to the committal of footage to a computer or device in order to begin the editing stage.
swing gang	Individuals who dress and strike a set during filming
segue to	This term means to cross fade two audio events
dropouts	This term refers to breaks and missions in the audio, usually caused by a cable short, wireless interference, or power issues that result in no sound being recorded for a few seconds here and there
digital betacam	Digital successor to Betacam
horizontal scan rate	a figure that describes the speed of the electron beam that creates the scan lines of a video or computer display
whip pan	An extremely fast movement of the camera from side to side, which causes the image to blur briefly into a set of indistinct horizontal lines
contrast	Difference between a picture's brightest and darkest areas
dramatic acting	Acting that requires emotional and psychological depth, usually involving sustained, intense dialogue without physical action.
smpte-format video	An address in digital time readouts used to identify exact places on a tape.
camera ready artwork	Black on white (or reversed) flat artwork that can be shot on a copystand
sweetening	Post-production process of adding music and sound effects to, or otherwise enhancing, purifying, "massaging" a final audio track.
tilt	The camera swivels up or down along its vertical axis.
avi	Audio video interleaved
headroom	The available range in decibels (dB) that falls in between the reference level that is used to denote the average loudness of a mix and 0 dBFS
return value	The value of results following the execution of a function.
stand-in	Before a scene begins, someone with the same overall size and shape as an actor will stand in their place
depth of field	In optics, particularly as it relates to film and photography, depth of field (DOF) is the distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an image
training video	A video, DVD, or online video used to train employees on the procedures and policies of the organization.
resize pointer	A cross-shaped pointer with small arrows pointing left and right that indicate the directions in which an edit point can be moved
advertising standards bureau	The Advertising Standards Board is a free, industry service to handle consumer complaints about advertising
target track	The destination track for the edits you perform
mulitplane camera	Toon Boom's multi-plane camera provides control on control on X
dvd	A disc that is the size of a CD but that uses higher-density storage methods to significantly increase its capacity
dynamic digital signage	See Digital dynamic signage.
back light	A light source positioned behind the subject, often obscuring and creating a sense of menace.
claw	Mechanism used is most cameras to advance the film.
scrim	A fiber or plastic covering placed on the front of a lighting fixture to diffuse or "spread out" the light.
shutter speed	Refers to the amount of time the camera's shutter stays open to expose each frame of video.
webcast video	Video that may be viewed online at a scheduled time.
bandwidth	The amount of data that can be delivered over a network, measured in Kilobytes per second (KBps)...
schematic	A diagram of the electrical scheme of a circuit with components represented by graphic symbols.
polling interval	The time that elapses before signPlayer checks for a condition, for example, whether or not a job...
hays production code	Introduced in 1934 by the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors of America, the Hays Production Code was a response to the public’s concerns over the so-called sex and violence in the movies
pal	Pal is the resolution that works best with the European format for television and computer screens, as the rectangular pixels are displayed at a different orientation.
gen-lock	To phase-lock the timing of one piece of equipment to another.
int	This is the standard abbreviation for interior used in the slug line of a script.
location	Any place, other than the studio or studio lot, where a film is shot
rendering	Refers to when the computer processes a special effect in your movie, we usually only notice rendering on complicated effects where the process can take quite a while (hence render-farms exist for CGI movies)
casting society of america	Also known as the CSA, this professional organization contains Casting Directors from film, television and theatre
literary point of view	Seepoint of view, literary.
standard screen	A screen whose width is 1.33 times its height.
chroma	The color information contained in a video signal, consisting of hue (phase angle), which represents the color itself, and saturation (amplitude of the color subcarrier), which represents the intensity of the color.
audition	The process by which an actor tries to obtain a part in a film.
registration pin	Expensive film cameras have a feature called a registration pin
symbol	A literal element (such as an object, name, or gesture) in art, literature, and film that also stands for an abstract idea
film plane	This is the point onto which the lens focuses light onto.
bit	The smallest part of information in a binary notation system
element	anything that can appear on a page of a script, for example, a clip or a text line.
continuity editing	See CONTINUITY SYSTEM.
raw stock	Unexposed and unprocessed motion picture film.
film weave	An irregular movement of the film as it passes through the telecine or projector gate.
hdv	A type of high-definition video that is popular with camcorders.
unspool	A slang term that means to show a film.
time-lapse	The presentation, compressed into a short segment, of events that took place over a long period of time.
block	Referring to the A and B Blocks of prioritised footage in broadcasting.
buy-out music	Production music purchased for a one-time fee, as opposed to a lease or per-use fee schedule. (see also "production music.")
cliffhanger	A popular technique in serial films, where the action ends with the hero or heroine in mortal danger
surface mount	A method of mounting subminiature integrated circuits and other components directly on the surface of a printed circuit board
enterprise wan	Enterprise wide area network
dailies	Unedited footage of a day's shooting that the director evaluates for possible inclusion in the final version of a film.
chinese lantern	A white paper lantern that produces a soft warm light.
proc amp	(processing amplifier) Video image processor that changes the video signal's luminance, chroma, and sync components to correct such problems as low light, poor color saturation, or wrong tint.
moral panic	Widespread anxiety or moral outrage about an issue said to threaten the fabric of society
frame	see UNITS OF FILM LENGTH.
30 degree rule	The 30° rule is a basic film editing guideline that states the camera should move at least 30° between shots of the same subject
deep focus	Special lenses allow the camera to focus simultaneously and with equal clarity on objects anywhere from two feet to several hundred feet away.
screen extras guild	A guild representing movie extras from 1946 to 1992
sweetening	Audio postproduction, at which time minor audio problems are corrected
source music	Music in a film that comes from a noticeable source, such as a radio or a band
match frame edit	Edit in which the source and record tapes pick up exactly where they left off.
luma	Short for luminance
ddr	Digital Disk Recorder A digital video recording device based on high speed computer disk drives
low-key lighting	With Low key lighting, the lighting contrast is low and light tones predominate
reception context	The conditions in which a narrative is consumed
megahertz	One million hertz.
transformational arc	the parabolic shift in polar attitudes of a character from a point A to a point B during the course of a story.
interrupt scheduling	Scheduling pages to play at specified times, thereby interrupting and overriding any other script...
out wipe	See Element transition.
ntsc	National Television Standards Committee: Committee that established the color transmission system used in the U.S
take	A take is a single continuous recorded performance
ip address	A four-part numerical address (e.g
a-only edit	An edit of the audio files or video files of the base track only.
dolly	It is a camera term refering to when a camera moves in or out of a shot
sales motivation video	Training video used to teach selling techniques and to stimulate viewers to improve their sales.
angle of view	In photography, angle of view describes the angular extent of a given scene that is imaged by a camera
tearjerker	A sentimental film filled with emotion and (often) tragedy
bounding box	the box, represented by the selection frame, that surrounds a multi-line text element
teleconference	A large meeting transmitted to a number of sites using satellite distribution.
rack focus	see FOCUS
flying head	A video head that engages when the video deck is on "pause," providing a clear still-frame image.
shots	ellipsis
electronic kiosk	A touch-screen monitor, terminal or display that is located in a public place to deliver...
vertical sync pulse	The synchronizing pulse at the end of each field which signals the start of vertical retrace.
eyeline	The imaginary line that goes from athe lens of a camera len to the eyes of a subject.
hard lighting	Illumination that creates sharp-edged shadows.
diorama	A nineteenth-century entertainment in which the spectators sat in a circular room and viewed long transparent paintings that seemed to move as the lighting changed.
traveling music	Music that is employed almost as a formula to give the impression of various means of transportation.
typage	A performance technique of Soviet Montage cinema whereby an actor is given features believed to characterize a social class or other group.
bus drive	These are small high-capacity mini-hard drives that are powered by plugging them into a computer via a USB or FireWire cable
private video network	A video playback system set up by an organization to communicate to its various branch offices or affiliates.
adr	Abbreviation of the term Additional Dialogue Recording.
emulsion side	The side of the film coated with the emulsion.
infinite loop	See loop, infinite.
gaps	Locations in a sequence where there is no media on any track
directing the eye	A term used by cinematographers to indicate the act of directing the audiences eye on the screen through the use of light and shadow.
motion artifact	The interference patterns that manifest visually between a shot’s frame rate and a filmed object’s periodic change or motion
a-84	A component layering switcher manufactured by Abekas.
source media files	The original files (video, audio, and still images or graphics) that you import into Final Cut Pro
atr	Audio tape recorder.
smpte time code	Standard time code for film, video, and audio named for the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, which sanctions standards for recording systems in North America
backdrop	Large paintings or photographs placed in the background of a scene to create the illusion of a specific setting
wipe	A transition between shots in which a line passes across the screen, eliminating one shot as it goes and replacing it with the next one.
nd gel	A clear grey lighting gel used to lower the intensity of lighting.
truck	The practice of moving a camera into or out of a shot on wheels instead of using the cameras zoom function.
epic	Refers either to a film immense in scope or requiring a massive production
digital effects	Special visual effects, such as mirror, strobe, freeze frame, mosaic, etc.
boomerang	A color magazine is a fixture attached to a follow spot that places different color filters in the path of the beam
preamplifier	An amplifier that raises the gain of a low-level signal so that it may be further processed without appreciable degradation in the signal-to-noise ratio.
telecine converter	Imaging device used in conjunction with a movie projector and camcorder or camera, to transfer film images to videotape.
assignment editor	A cinematic role referring to a production job similar to that of a Print Editor.
twink	A player who engages in system mastery with an explicit focus of exploiting powerful abilities
tracking	Lateral video camera movement that travels with a moving subject.
elizabeth taylor	United States film actress (born in England) who was a childhood star; as an adult she often co-starred with Richard Burton (born in 1932)
vertical interval	Indicates the vertical blanking period between each video field
rating system	Conducted by the MPAA in the United States, a rating system determines what age group a film is appropriate for.
force processing	Develop film for longer than the normal time to compensate for underexposure
intensity	A term referring to the quantity of light.
lavalier	A microphone worn on the body and held in place either with a lanyard worn around the neck or a clip fastened to clothing
full-motion video	A standard for video playback on a computer; refers to smooth-flowing, full-color video, similar to a VCR or television
matte reel	A separate reel of video tape that supplies a white on black image to be used as a key signal.
processing	Procedure during which exposed film is developed to produce either a negative or positive image.
imaging device	The part of the video camera or camcorder that converts light into electrical signal.
documentary	Nonfiction film that explores and/or documents the lived world and that uses representations of actual events and people as its raw footage.
waveform	The shape of an electromagnetic wave
video noise	Poor-quality video signal within the standard video signal
2:3:2:3 pull-down	The most commonly supported pull-down pattern for NTSC devices
range checking	Options that turn on zebra striping to immediately warn you of areas of a clip's image that may stray outside of the broadcast legal range.
double-mike	The practice of using two microphones on a person as a precaution against failure.
in-cue	The beginning of a given portion of tape.
statement of work	A document that describes the work that you are proposing to do and clearly spells out what you will do as a producer/director, the basics of how it will be accomplished, and how much it will cost your clients.
sot	Audio recorded on analog or digital video formats (audio and video).
look-live	Footage that is shot to appear as if it was captured live.
first-person point of view	Seepoint of view, literary.
contrast	The difference between the lightest and darkest values in an image
background tasks window	The Background Tasks window shows the progress of importing, transcoding, analysis, rendering, sharing, and other tasks.
extrinsic	A metaphor that has no place within the context of the scene itself but is imposed artificially into the scene by the director.
previsualisation	The act of visualising a film, usually using storyboards.
automatic dialogue replacement	Dubbing is the post-production process of recording and replacing voices on a motion picture or television soundtrack subsequent to the original shooting
batch compression	A process in which multiple clips or sequences are automatically compressed to new media files, so you don't have to compress each file individually.
ras	See Remote Access Service (RAS).
handles	Extra footage beyond a clip's In and Out points
c 47s	C 47s are merely wooden pins used to keep in place lighting gels.
lux	A measurement of light
video path	The electronic path within the device that routes and processes the video signals
location release	A legal agreement between location owner and filmmaker that allows a filmmaker to shoot within a specific location.
flange	Discs used to guide film for printers, rewinds and projection.
tight wind	Relating to film wound tightly on a core or reel to form a firm roll that can be handled and shipped safely without danger of cinch marks or other damage to the film.
wild	Picture or sound shot without synchronous relationship to the other.
exposure	In animation, an exposure is the number of cels on which a drawing appears in the scene
foley	Recording background sound for a shot at a different time to the actual filming
costume	The clothing worn by performers during filming
noninterlaced video	Process of scanning complete frames in one pass, painting every line on the screen, yielding higher picture quality than that of interlaced video
dialogue	The recorded audio of one or more people speaking in a video clip
health monitoring	The checking of the status of computers and networks.
film recorder	A Film Recorder is a graphical output device for transferring digital images to photographic film.
cross fade	A fade from one sound to another.
forward kinematics	Forward kinematics is a feature used to animate principally 3D characters and cut-out puppets with hierarchy
sensitometry	Study of the response of photographic emulsions to light.
audio	The sound portion of television production.
grindhouse	The term Grindhouse was first used in the 1950s, and it describes a theater that screened or “grinded out” as many B movies as they could fit into their schedule
production accountant	The individual who tracks and manages the finances during production.
sampling	The process during which analog audio is converted into digital information
fade-out	the opposite of a fade-in.
vu meter	Volume-unit meter, a type of meter used to indicate average audio amplitude.
mpeg-4	MPEG-4 is the latest compression standard developed by MPEG, the same group that brought us MPEG-1 and MPEG-2
fast	Used in reference of having a high photographic film speed.
allegory	A story in which every object, event, and person has an immediately discernible abstract or metaphorical meaning.
rear projection	story
firestore	A brand of battery powered camera-mountable hard drives that capture live video.
prompter	If an actor forgets their lines during filming, it’s the responsibility of the prompter to remind them of the correct dialogue
d3	A standard definition digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, uncompressed composite video signal with 4Fsc color sampling
touch screen	A video screen that viewers can touch inv arious areas to register their responses.
circulation	The number of copies that a newspaper or magazine sells.
panning and scanning	A technique used to transfer films shot in wide screen to a format that will fill a traditional television screen
multistyle button	a selector-like button in the Text and Clips menus, used to access a variety of styles that can be applied to text or graphics
advertising display network	See Digital advertising network.
compositing	Superimposing multiple layers of video
thumbnails	A thumbnail is a very small image used as a reference or an indicator.
anamorphic	Visuals that are shot in a widescreen format and then squeezed into a 4:3 frame size
chroma	Characteristics of color saturation in the video signal
pull focus	When the focus moves from one object to another.
dropper tool	The Dropper Tool is used to select any colour on your screen
cold open	Popular in modern television shows, a cold open occurs before the show’s opening credits and plunges viewers straight into the action.
led	Light-emitting diode.
movieclip	Digital video segment in AVI, QuickTime or MPEG format that is loaded as a clip.
perforations	Regularly spaced and accurately shaped holes on the edge of all films.
video switcher	A device with multiple video inputs that allows you to cut or transition between several sources
production	One of the three branches of the film industry; the process of creating a film
fader bar	See "fader"
layout artist	The individual on a movie set who plots out the action sequences and determines how each shot will be staged.
fade out to black	All programs end with this effect that is a mix from picture to black, the opposite of the fade in from black
mise-en-scene	All of the elements placed in front of the camera to be photographed: the settings and props, lighting, costumes and makeup, and figure behavior.
remote	[1] Videomaking performed "on location," outside controlled studio environment
desktop video	(DTV) Fusion of personal computers and home video components for elaborate videomaking capabilities rivaling those of well-financed broadcast facilities.
tbc	Time-base corrector
intrinsic metaphor	Seemetaphor, visual.
q signal	One of the two color signals, containing yellow and violet components to which the human eye is relatively insensitive.
narrative form	A type of filmic organization in which the parts relate to each other through a series of causally related events taking place in time and space.
boosting	The act of raising an audio level.
matte shot	Artwork painted on a glass surface (by a matte artist) is combined with live action to produce a realistic effect.
ctl	Control signal in the form of regular pulses recorded along a longitudinal track on the videotape
sequence	see UNITS OF FILM LENGTH
distribution amp	Divides single video or audio signals, while boosting their strength, for delivery to multiple audio/video acceptors
smpte	Sosciety of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
mask	To darken part of the screen
codec	A computer program that compresses and decompresses digital data, for example, AVI videos.
source monitor	In a linear editing suite, a monitor that displays source tapes before recording them to the master tape
saturation	A measurement of the intensity of color in the video signal.
continuity	In fiction, continuity (also called time-scheme) is consistency of the characteristics of persons, plot, objects, places and events seen by the reader or viewer over some period of time
subtracting color	The formation of colors by the removal of selected portions of the white light spectrum by transparent filters or dye images.
sound up	The practice of increasing the volume of sound in a segment of video.
ambient sounds	Off-screen sounds natural to any film scene's environment, such as telephones ringing in a busy office building or birds chirping in a forest.
scan converter	Device that changes scan rate of a video signal, possibly converting it from noninterlaced to interlaced mode
digital menu boards	The use of LCD, LED and plasma display panels to display menu items in restaurants
logging bin	In Final Cut Pro, the specified bin where all clips that are logged or ingested using the Log and Capture window or the Log and Transfer window are stored.
digital betacam	A standard definition digital videotape recorder format with approximately 2:1 video data compression and 4:2:2 color sampling
tracking	[1] Lateral camera movement aligned with a moving subject; background appears to move
cutaway	In film, a cutaway is the interruption of a continuously filmed action by inserting a view of something else
montage sequence	A segment of a film that summarizes a topic or compresses a passage of time into brief symbolic or typical images
secam	(sequential color and memory) 625-line 25-frame-per-second television signal standard used in France and the Soviet Republic
plasma screen	See Plasma display panel (PDP).
invisible track	A track that has had its visibility control disabled.
decibel	The unit of measurement for tracking sound levels
liquid gate	A printing system where the original film is immersed in a chemical at the moment of exposure, commonly used for reducing the effect of surface scratches.
over the shoulder shot	Open used during conversations in a film, the over the shoulder shot looks over the shoulder of one character and shows another character or object in front of them.
betacam sp	A superior performance version of Betacam
color timing	Also known as Color Correction, this process is used in post-production to ensure that the colors in each shot match
pixillation	A form of single-frame animation in which three-dimensional objects, often people, are made to move in staccato bursts through the use of stop-action cinematography.
negative black	A black video signal that measures less than 0 IRE on a waveform monitor, which can only be created in an analog suite (as digital suites can only produce 0 black)
prequel	A film that takes place before the events featured in other installments of the franchise.
master palette	A master palette is a group of colours attributed to a character or a prop
music supervisor	While this can refer to the person who locates and obtains the rights to songs for use in a film, it most commonly refers to the person who oversees the sound mixers, editor, and composer
media text	An individual media product—such as a newspaper article, television program or computer game
overlap	A cue for suggesting represented depth in the film image by placing closer objects partly in front of more distant ones.
gel	If you need to change the color of a light, you can place one of these thin, plastic sheets over it
theroa	A system used for the compression of digital video files.
x	Used to refer to the X coordinate in Cartesian geometry
scenic artist	Crew members responsible for constructing and painting signs, aging costumes, plastering surfaces, applying surface and wall coverings, etc.
focus puller	Another name for the First Assistant Camera
continuity	When elements of a film are consistent from one shot to another (such as clothing or the length of a burning cigarette), a movie is demonstrating strong continuity
key	When something is especially important, it’s said to be “key.” The term can also refer to the key grip (see the following entry).
watt	A measure of electrical power
field	In animation, a field is a measurement unit used to calculate motion, registration and camera positioning
franken-camera	Slang term for DSLR cameras that have been outfitted with all the third-party accessories necessary to make them fully function for professional video shooting
twist ending	A film that features an unexpected ending
non-drop frame	A type of time code that continuously counts a full 30 frames per second.
velobased functions	You can create Velobased functions for certain effects, like changes in rotation or size over time
composite video	Combining video signal and colour into a single cable, usually the yellow RCA-type connector on a monitor, camcorder, or DVD player.
post-production supervisor	Oversees every element of the post-production phase, from reshoots and CGI to scoring and video mastering
bitrate	The number of bits that pass a specific point in a network in a specified time period, usually a...
cut on action	To change shots while an action is taking place.
laserdisc	Optical laser disc that uses laser technology to play back high-quality video images and sound.
rotoscope	A device that projects live-action film one frame at a time, onto a small screen from the rear.
graininess	The character of a photographic image when, under normal viewing conditions, it appears to be made up of distinguishable particles, or grains
bypass switcher	An audio-follow-video switcher usually associated with a master control switcher
bars and tone	The industry standard reference tools for adjusting colour and audio: SMPTE colour bars and one kilohertz audio tone
writers guild of america	Also known as the WGA, the Writers Guild of America represents the rights of writers for film, television, cable, and interactive new media.
system administrator	The person responsible for running an organisation's computer network.
vectorscope	Electronic testing device that measures a video signal's chrominance performance, plotting qualities in a compass-like graphic display.
fade under	Fading an audio event such as music under is necessary when you want hte event to continue but not compete with a new event that will mix from another track - typically dialogue ro commentary
time line editing	A computer-based method of editing in which video and audio clips are represented on a computer screen by bars proportional to the length of the clip
television	A combination tuner, RF (radio frequency) modulator, picture tube, and audio speaker that converts RF signal into picture and sound.
follow-through	The Follow-through is the secondary motion caused by the main action
layout process	The layout process is the communication step between the storyboard and the animation
space	180° system
buck	A slang word for a single U.S
practical lights	Aesthetic lights that appear as part of your on screen set.
reel	A metal wheel with a strip of film wound around it
caption	Printed text that appears on the scene to inform the audience of the time and/or place where the scene is occurring
dynamic microphone	A microphone which uses a magnet moving in a coil of wire to generate an electrical signal.
in point	The very start of a time code for a shot/edit.
cinema verite	Translates into “Cinema Truth.” A style of documentary filmmaking where no directorial control is present.
tbc	See time base corrector.
wifi	Wireless Fidelity
horizontal resolution	Chrominance and luminance resolution (detail) expressed horizontally across a picture tube
sequence	Term commonly used for a moderately large segment of film, involving one complete stretch of action
motion picture editors guild	A union created to protect the rights of sound and picture editors, but it also extends to include such diverse positions as engineers, story analysts, projectionists, and boom mic operators.
studio	A company devoted to making motion pictures, the larger studios are known as either “majors” or “major-minors.”
swish	See CAMERA MOVEMENT.
nonbroadcast video	Programming designed for limited access rather than broadcast distribution.
audience expectation	particular elements of a film genre which the audience consciously or unconsciously expects to see.
conforming	the cutting of the OCN to match the final cut of a film.
ultraviolet radiation	Radiation at the short wavelength end of the spectrum, not visible to the eye
frame rate	Refers to the number of frames of video you are shooting each second
pan	to rotate the camera left to right or right to left.
digital theatre systems	Also known as DTS, this company specializes in digital soundtracks
musical	A motion picture that includes periods where the characters spontaneously break out into song and dance.
flaking	Emulsion particles from the edge of the film that tend to deposit in the image area of the film
machine speed	Rate at which film moves through the processor.
compilation film	A genre of documentary cinema that draws together news footage from various sources in order to convey a large-scale process, such as a war or a social change
cd	See Compact disc.
lip-sync	Lip-sync is the term given to the process of synchronizing a character's mouth to sounds in the dialogue soundtrack
telecine	This can either apply to the equipment or facility used to transfer moving images from film to a video signal, or the actual act of doing it.
servo lock	In a VTR, to lock (or synchronize) the operation of the servomechanisms to a reference sync signal.
lab roll	rolls of OCN compiled by the lab for printing which may consist of several camera rolls.
transition	A transition is an effect placed between two scenes to pass from one to the other
san	A network that connects computer systems to a shared storage area
imax	A film format ten times larger than the normal 35mm format
redigitize	Also referred to as recapture
property assistant	The property assistant is in charge of all the props on the set of a film.
uplink	The earth station that transmits signals to a satellite for relay to another location on the ground.
lens	Attached to a camera, the lens allows the camera to capture an image and then transfer it to film stock.
zoopraxis	Developed by Eadweard Muybridge in the 1870′s, this process involved a disc rotated in front of a light source
microphone directionality	the property of a microphone that describes the area from which the microphone collects sound.
flags	Flags can be made of metal or foamcore
jpeg	A popular image file format that lets you create highly compressed graphics files
format	Refers to the type of video you are shooting as expressed by vertical pixels and frame rate, typically in terms such as 1080/60i or 720/24p
amplitude modulation	A method of imposing information on a carrier signal, such as a sine wave, by varying its amplitude.
color cast	An unwanted color tint in the image, usually caused by lighting issues.
synchronous	In step or in phase, as applied to two or more devices
on line editing	Final edit assembling using the edit decisions made during the off line edit process.
feather edge effect	This effect makes the edge of of a drawing soft and blurry
hdv	An MPEG-2–based high definition video format that is recorded on a DV cassette tape
film-1.33	Use the film-1.33 resolution setting for the film format that conforms to the standard 4:3 pixel aspect ratio.
sync	The relationship between the image of a sound being made in a video clip (for example, a person talking) and the corresponding sound in an audio clip
youtube	The second most used search engine in the world and most popular video sharing website
tilt	see SHOT.
magic hour	Around sunset and sunrise, magic hour allows film crews to work with stunning natural lighting
two shot	A camera view that includes two subjects.
establishing shot	This term has two meanings.
off-the-shelf programs	Commercially produced generic programs that can be rented or purchased.
sp	Fastest tape speed of most VHS VCR, accommodating two-hour recordings
toning	Adding dyes to the film emulsion so that the lines and tones of the image itself are colored.
wrangler	Also known as an animal wrangler or vehicle wrangler, this individual is responsible for the care of any film performer who lacks the ability to speak (this includes animals and vehicles).
retrospective	A look back, usually through film clips, at the career of an actor or director
insert edit	Recording video and/or audio segment(s) within/between existing footage without disturbing what precedes and follows
supporting feature	In a double bill, this is the film that appears prior to the feature presentation.
overshot	The camera is positioned directly above the subject
out-of-home media networks	Privately-owned television channels that broadcast programs, such as the news, stock quotes and...
persistence of vision	This is the phenomenon created when the brain tries to process a series of related images at a speed of around ten per second or greater, and interprets them as continuous motion
shock mount	A support for a microphone which used rubber of foam supports to isolate the mic from vibrations which can appear as low frequency rumble in the audio.
unit publicist	Part of the publicity department, the unit publicist works on location during filming and helps prepare information that will be used in the press kits, works with local residents, and sets up visits from the press
amplified	Any electronic device used to increase the level or power of signals applied to it.
color	A purely human perception of a radiant energy creating a visual quality distinct from light and shade.
asynchronism	A disparity between what is seen and what is heard
master	The final negative or intermediate film from which subsequent prints are made.
blocking	The arrangement of the characters' positions and movements in a shot or sequence.
timeline	A Non-Linear Editing term used to refer to the rough outline of the completed production so far during the editing process.
three-point lighting	film noir
pict	A still-image file format developed by Apple Computer
pixel aspect ratio	The ratio of width to height for the pixels that compose the image
generators browser	A media browser in Final Cut Pro that provides access to all video generators included with Final Cut Pro.
stills	Refers to stationary images such as photographs or paused video.
quarter	A three month period that marks one-quarter of a year
sequence	see UNITS OF FILM LENGTH.
modulator	See RF modulator.
automated dialogue replacement mixer	Also known as an ADR Mixer, this individual mixes the sound during the phase known as automated dialogue replacement.
trimming	(1) Precisely adjusting and defining the In and Out points of a clip
model of participatory	An instructional design system incorporating the participation of a program development team.
interpolation	In animation, the interpolation is the computer generated motion created between two keyframes, you have the choice to create interpolation or not between your keyframes.
shot/reverse shot	A sequence of shots that first shows a person’s face, then shows what the person is looking at, and then finally the reaction on the person’s face.
digital 8	Records same digital signal as DV onto less expensive Hi8 tapes
ms-dos	A computer operating system developed by Microsoft for IBM personal computers.
flypack	Rack-mounted video production equipment encased in a shipping case that is approved for airline shipping.
storyboard	A tool used in planning film production, consisting of comic-strip-like drawings of individual shots, with descriptions written below each drawing.
ad lib	Improvised dialogue or banter.
focus	Adjustment made to the focal length of the lens in order to create a sharper, more defined picture.
rack focus	Shifting focus during a shot in progress, typically between background and foreground subjects
videography	Operation of a video camera or camcorder in video production.
cinematography	A general term for all the manipulations of the film strip by the camera in the shooting phase and by the laboratory in the developing phase.
image enhancer	Video signal processor that compensates for picture detail losses and distortion occurring in recording and playback
cross cutting	Cutting back and forth between two events occurring simultaneously.
mpeg-1	The standard for video CDs and audio MP3 compression.
fpm	Feet Per Minute, expressing the speed of film moving through a mechanism.
fog	Darkening or discoloring of a negative or print
reinforcement theory	A theory of communication and media influence developed by Joseph Klapper in 1960
narrative progression	In VCE Media, ‘narrative progression’ is a story element that refers to the development of the narrative, including the opening sequence and closure of the narrative.
mute print	a positive print which carries the picture only (silent print).
matte shot	A type of process shot in which different areas of the image (usually actors and setting) are photographed separately and combined in laboratory work.
yuv	See YCrCb.
resolution	The capacity of a medium to capture and playback distinctly fine details
rear projection	frontality
dynamic sign	See Digital dynamic signage.
cue	(v.) The act of rewinding or fast-forwarding a video- or audiotape so that the desired section is ready for play.
post-production	The phase of film or video editing in which all of the production elements are organized, assembled, and output.
camp	A type of comedic film where events are exaggerated to the point of ridiculousness.
mag stock	magnetic sound recording stock which has edge perforations that match those perfs
new media	Media technology or a form of media communication that surpasses, enhances, and/or alters an already-existing technology; for example, DVD (digital) technology compared to LASERDISC and VHS (both analog) technologies.
pan	A Pan: To move the camera across the scene in any direction.
tag	A piece of Meta Data used to help users find video content.
motion keyframe	In Toon Boom, the motion keyframe is a keyframe with computer generated interpolation.
vhs	Video home system
whip pan (swish pan	) Extremely rapid camera movement from left to right or right to left, appearing as an image blur
reel	Identifies the source tape from which a clip was captured or the volume (folder) from which file-based media was transferred
sundance film festival	A festival held annually in Utah to celebrate independent films.
automatic exposure	Circuitry that monitors light levels and adjusts a camcorder's aperture and shutter accordingly, compensating for changing light conditions.
long take	plot
finishing	The process of reassembling the clips used in the final edit of a program at their highest quality
bartering	The swapping or exchange of goods or services "in kind" rather than for cash.
blue screen	A chroma-keying technique where the subject is shot in front of a blue background and that background is replaced during post production.
boom shot	"A Boom shot, Jib shot, or Crane shot refer to high-angle shots, sometimes with the camera moving."
analog	A signal that varies continuously over a range of amplitudes
tilt	see SHOT
direct sound	Music, noise, and speech recorded from the event at the moment of filming; opposite of postsynchronization.
focus	An object in focus has a sharp and well-defined image
spec script	Prior to any negotiations being entered into, a spec script (aka speculation or “spec”) is written in the hopes of selling it to the highest bidder.
remote access service	Service provided by Windows Dial-Up to enable connection via modem with another computer.
principals	The main characters in a motion picture.
agc	Abbreviation of the term Auto Gain Control
superimposition	A multiple exposure in which two or more images are simultaneously visible over each other.
character generator	Device which electronically produces letters, numbers, symbols, and other graphic displays for on-screen video titling.
developer	Chemical solution used to turn the latent image into a visible image on exposed film.
sound blankets	Thick, quilted blankets used to dampen echoes caused by hard room surfaces and muffle unwanted noise.
sweetening	The process of creating a high-quality sound mix by polishing sound levels, rerecording bad sections of dialogue, and recording and adding narration, music, and sound effects.
real-time counter	Device that counts control-track pulses to account for videotape playing/recording time
midi	Musical Instrument Digital Interface
audio sound	An electrical signal that carries sound information.
msf	Minutes, Seconds, Frames, expressed as mm:ss:ff
t-stop	A lens marking which indicates the true light transmission of the lens at a given aperture instead of the approximate light transmission indicated by the conventional f-stop marking.
developing or dynamic characters	Characters who are deeply affected by the action of the plot and who undergo some important change in personality, attitude, or outlook on life as a result of the action of the film
antagonist	The person or thing in a film that opposes the main character
white balance adjustment	In the light of a particular color temperature, to adjust the white levels of the R, G, and B channels of a color video camera so that any white object shot in that light is reproduced as a truly white image.See also Color temperature.
sound bite	A short segment of an interview.
constructed answer	A "fill-in-the-blank" answer that must be remembered and spelled out rather than just selected from a list.
order	In a narrative film, the aspect of temporal manipulation that involves the sequence in which the chronological events of the story are arranged in the plot
sa	A production occupation referring to a Script Assistant.
z-movie	A low-budget, non-union film that’s regarded as lower in quality than a B-movie
biographic picture	Also known as a Biopic, the biographic picture tells the story of a real-life person
glitch	A picture problem.
lens	The curved glass on a video camera or camcorder that collects light.
positive print	The opposite of a negative print, a positive print is when an original light image is captured on film.
serial	In data transmission, one event at a time as opposed to parallel, which is more than one event at a...
medium shot	Filmed from a medium distance, a medium shot usually shows a character from the waist up.
content	Graphics, sound, video and script files that can be played back on a digital display screen...
looping	A playback mode in which clips and sequences go back to the beginning whenever the playhead reaches the end of the media
16qcif	Video format used by H.263 with 1408 by 1152 pixels.
automatic fade	The ability to fade to black and/or white.
sfx	This is a convenient abbreviation for sound effects
servo	An electronic circuit used to control the speed of a motor which drives a videotape recorder head assembly drum, which must be controlled with great precision.
out-take	A take that doesn’t make it into the movie, usually due to a humorous flub
segmentation	The process of dividing a film into parts for analysis.
khz	Kilohertz
production illustrator	Also known as an illustrator or storyboard artist, the production illustrator draws storyboards during production.
color temperature	A term used to describe the color of various sources of light
cult film	A non-mainstream film that attracts a larger audience than expected
editing	(1) In filmmaking, the task of selecting and joining camera takes
parallel video processing	A mixing architecture where the outputs of several video multipliers are summed to create a composite effect.
flag	A metal flap used near a lens to keep lights from shining directly into the lens and causing lens flare.
pedestal	Vertical camera movement, rising or lowering, with camera remaining level.
associational form	A type of organization in which the film's parts are juxtaposed to suggest similarities, contrasts, concepts, emotions, and expressive qualities.
cabling	Data lines that connect computers, displays and power sources.
picture car	Any vehicle shown in a motion picture.
nondiegetic sound	sound, such as underscored music on the soundtrack that is not part of the world of the film's narrative
frontal lighting	Illumination directed into the scene from a position near the camera.
active sharing	A YouTube feature that allows users to see who is watching a video at the same time as them.
visible measures	A third party video analysis service.
gas pump tv	Digital advertisements positioned on top of petrol pumps.
double bill	Two films shown back-to-back and often offered at a discounted price
digital image processing	Digital image processing is the use of computer algorithms to perform image processing on digital images
whip pan	A rapid pan movement that often blurs the image.
cyclorama	Large, seamless cloth or curtains that are hung on tracks to provide backgrounds for studio sets.
superscope	A 35mm anamorphic release print system adopted by RKO Radio Pictures that produced a screen image with an aspect ration of2:1 or 2.35:1 when projected with a normal anamorphic lens
uv filter	When atmospheric haze scatters large amounts of ultraviolet light
adaptation	When a work of art is adapted from one form into another
coaxial cable	A cable having a center conductor surrounded by insulation and a grounded shield.
protectionism	A government policy that defends national filmmaking from competition by foreign imports
extreme close up	Extreme close ups are usually an attempt to draw the viewer’s attention to a particular, small detail
drop cap	The first letter of an article that sits within the edges of the column and is substantially larger than the rest of the text.
color wheel	A standard reference device that artists use to clarify the relationships that exist between primary and secondary hues.
story	refers to all aspects of the narrative that we do not see on screen; these aspects may include events before, during, or even after the plot of the film.
ghosting	Undesirable faint double screen image caused by signal reflection or improperly balanced video circuitry.
ext	This is the standard abbreviation for exterior used in the slug line of a script.
independent element	an element that has an In wipe, so that it wipes in independently of the background
dead cat	An American slang term referring to the faux fur coverings used to block ambient noise from Boom Mics.
pedestal	A camera support generally restricted to studio use having a single elevator column mounted on a tricycle base.
high color	a setting describing graphics that have 16-bit color, providing up to approximately 65,000 colors in the image.
secam	Séquentiel couleur à memoire (sequential colour with memory)
look development lead	Often referred to as a “lookdev,” the Look Development Lead works for the Digital/CG department and comes up with the final visual design used on props, special effects, sets, and characters.
internal communications	Various means of communication (telephones, policies, newsletters, specific technologies, etc.)...
center point	Defines a clip's location in the x and y coordinate space in the Motion tab of the Canvas.
deep focus	A use of the camera lens and lighting that keeps both the close and distant planes in sharp focus.
scratch disk	The disk or disk space you allocate in Final Cut Pro for digital video ingest and editing, as well as for the storage of a project's render files.
interior	Indicating that a scene will be shot outdoors, the term “interior” will appear on the slug line
life cast	Life casts are often used in films, particularly if the director requires a character to be injured in some way
close-up	A shot in which the head of a person, or the entirety of a small object is shown.
type-casting	When an actor becomes popular for playing a specific type of role, they may find that all future film offers are for variations of that same role
rewritable consumer	Time code sent through Control-L interface permitting extremely accurate edits
storyboards	The visual planning document for a film
vtr	Videotape recorder.
mp4	A multimedia container format which can contain both audio and video.
annotations	A YouTube tool that allows users to place plain-text notes and web video links into their YouTube videos.
a or b wind	When a roll of 16mm film, perforated along one edge, is held so that the outside end of the film leaves the roll at the top and toward the right, winding "A" should have the perforations on the edge of the film toward the observer, and winding "B" should have the perforations on the edge away from the observer
colour card	A Colour Card is a solid colour the same size as the camera
hum	Unwanted low frequency audio noise caused by improperly shielded or improperly grounded audio cables and circuits.
inning	Much like in baseball, the term “inning” is used to refer to a specific period of time.
follow focus	Controlling lens focus to maintain image clarity throughout a scene.
on-line editing	Editing using VTR's with a computer interface, or with studio-type mixing and switching equipment.
first person	An eyewitness gives a firsthand account of what happened as well as his or her response to it.
drop shadow	An effect that creates an artificial shadow behind an image
foley effects	Foley effects are custom sound effects that are heavily synchronized to picture, such as footsteps on different surfaces, clothes rustling, fight sounds, and the handling of various noisy objects
d1	A component digital transmission and tape standard
wild sound	Random sounds recorded on location to add to the sound track to add ambience and realism.
search focus	see FOCUS
vevo	A video sharing platform set up in 2009.
telephoto lens	Telephoto lenses are approximately 50% longer than normal lenses in the same camera format
breakdown	In cut-out animation, the breakdown is the action of breaking a character in pieces to create a puppet with articulations
production coordinator	The individual who gets hotel rooms for cast and crew, orders equipment, and takes care of other such practicalities.
raccoon eyes	A lighting error when high angle lights cast shadows under the subjects eyes.
decompression	The process of expanding a compressed file back to its original form.
grip	The crew member principally responsible for the transportation, maintenance and mounting of the camera.
trilogy	Three films that are connected by a common plot or characters
umbrella	A lighting accessory shaped like an umbrella, available in various sizes
baud rate	a measure of the speed of serial communication using a modem or null-modem, roughly equivalent to bits per second.
impedance	The total of the resistive and reactive opposition, measured in ohms, that a circuit presents to the flow of alternating current at a given frequency.
monochromatic harmony	The effect created by variations in the value and intensity of a single color.
director’s guild of america	A labor union dedicated to protecting the interests of both film and television directors
ex module	(extension module) a software module, which may be available separately, to extend the functionality of Scala; for example, enabling control of a new hardware device
glue	In Toon Boom Digital Pro, the Glue is a feature used the fix complex joints
pop	The abbreviation for Point of Presence, which typically refers to the location of a server or Content Delivery Network.
xslt	Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations
gaze	In feminist film criticism, this term usually refers to the predominantly male gaze of Hollywood cinema, which tends to objectify women
database	An organised collection of data related to accounts and other functions.
duplication	Making copies of DVDs, CDs, or videotapes
lighting technician	Operates the lighting equipment and lights on a film set
video camera	A camera which contains an electronic image sensor and records on tape rather than photographic film.
slug	A generator in Final Cut Pro used to create blank space in a sequence to represent a video clip that has not yet been placed.
passive audience	A way of conceptualising audience that sees people as passively absorbing media texts.
vectorscope	A trademarked name that has become the generic description for a vector display unit which allows visual checking of the phase and amplitude of the color components of a video signal.
multiplex	A movie theatre with between 2 and 16 screens.
scratches	Non-photographic blemishes on the film emulsion or base.
actress	A female performer who plays a role in a motion picture.
waveguide	A system of material designed to direct confined electromagnetic waves in a direction determined by its physical boundaries.
edge damage	Physical damage to the edge of the film or perforation.
bluescreen	Actors perform in front of a blue (or green) screen, and computer-generated backgrounds are added in during post-production with a technique known as chromakeying.
hand-held camera	The use of the camera operator's body as a camera support, either holding it by hand or using a harness
gray card	A card that reflects 18 percent of the light hitting it
patch bay	Patch panel
cu	A close-up frames the head and shoulders leaving head room above the head
matte	An opaque outline which limits the exposed area of a picture, either as a cut-out object in front of the camera or as a silhouette on another strip of film.
femme fatale	Female film characters who are often surrounded by death and mystery
distribution	One of the three branches of the film industry; the process of supplying films to the places where they will be shown
interlaced video	Process of scanning frames in two passes, each painting every other line on the screen, with scan lines alternately displayed in even and odd fields
arc	In animation an action naturally follows the shape of an arc
macguffin	Alfred Hitchcock popularized this term
pedestal level	A black level which is the absolute black level of a video signal
three-point editing	Final Cut Pro uses three-point editing, so you only need to specify three edit points to define where a new clip should be edited into your sequence
sound over	Any sound that is not represented as coming from the space and time of the images on the screen
exposition	A term for background information which helps advance the story and add depth to either the plot or characters.
subjective point of view	Seepoint of view, cinematic.
narration	The process through which the plot conveys or withholds story information
handles	See Graphic handles.
quicktime streaming	Apple's streaming media addition to the QuickTime architecture.
salvo	The sending of a group of commands at the same time.
sub-qcif	Video format for H.263 (required) and H.261 (optional) with 128 by 96 pixels.
multicam clip	A set of clips grouped together and synchronized by a common sync point
channel 1	Typically the left audio channel in a stereo recording.
audio-follow-video	An operational mode in which audio and video switchers are tied together so that when the operator selects the video source, the audio simultaneously and automatically switches to the same source.
british society of cinematographers	Founded in 1949, this organization is dedicated to the promotion of the highest standards of cinematography
zoom level	The level at which the Viewer, Canvas, or Timeline is magnified
insert edit	An edit in which a clip is added to the track at the specified point, moving clips that follow it out in time
third-person narration	Any story told in the grammatical third person, i.e
program control	Program design that assumes the program will be viewed straight through without intervention of an instructor or student.
white balance	The act of setting the white balance on a movie camera, since lighting can often change the appearance of true white.
a/d converter	Analog-to-digital converter.
foreshadowing	The act of hinting at things that will happen later in the movie
music	any music that comes from the audio track.
location manager	Before a movie is shot on location, the location manager gets permission from local authorities and takes care of any other matters that arise
¾" u-matic	One of the most successful formats of all time
diffusion filter	Mounted at front of camcorder lens, gives videotaped images a foggy, fuzzy, dreamy look
multiple branching	A programmed instruction format in which different responses cause the viwer to be branched to different corresponding segments.
video identification	This tool allows YouTube Partners to identify any of their copyrighted video content uploaded without their consent.
d1	Digital video tape format using the CCIR 601 standard to record 4:2:2 component video on 19mm tape
tuner	Television and VCR component that receives RF signals from an antenna or other RF sources and decodes into separate audio and video signals.
fill light	ideology
company news program	A program following the broadcast journalism format containing news of a particular organization produced by and for that organization.
pixel	A single section of a charge-coupled device capable of distinguishing chromanance (color) and luminance (brightness); professional slang for picture element.
gender-bending role	A role in which a character dresses up as a member of the opposite sex.
cheat cut	In the continuity editing
composite video	A standard video signal that contains brightness, synchronisation information, and colour.
attenuate	To lower an audio signal's level.
event browser	The Event Browser displays the clips for the item selected in the Event Library
amp	An Amp is an electrical unit of measurement.
video format	The size, housing, and recording configuration of video tape or disc and the type of playback ahrdware associated with it, such as three-quarter inch or one-inch Type C.
on-air	The video signal in question is being broadcasted or videotaped
martial-arts	A film genre that emphasizes hand-to-hand combat and often includes Asian styles of fighting
pans	A pan is a camera movement along the horizontal axis
rs-250b	In telecommunications, a transmission specification for NTSC video and audio.
shallow space	Staging the action in relatively few planes of depth; the opposite of deep space.
vector	A vector-based image is composed of points and bezier curves
story board	A series of drawn frames used to specify animation or live action.
elliptical editing	Editing that omits portions of the action often with the purpose of startling the viewer or creating questions about what occurred in the missing stretches.
keyframe graph	Located in the Control and Filters tabs of the Viewer, the keyframe graph displays all keyframes and parameter values of a clip's motion and filter attributes.
passive element	an element that has no In wipe, and is already on the page when the page wipes in
peg channel	Public, Education or Government channel
bit rate	The number of bits per second that makes up a digital video or audio asset
nc-17	A rating or certificate issued by the MPAA that prohibits anyone under the age of 17 from seeing a film (even if accompanied by a guardian)
adaptor rings	You can screw on an adaptor ring to most cameras into the front of the lens
capacitor	An electrical device which stores energy as an electrostatic charge
animation	A form of filmmaking which consists of photographing individual drawings (cels) or inanimate objects (such as puppets or clay figures) FRAME by frame, with each frame differing slightly from the one before
call centre	A location populated by technical support, telemarketing and telesales people.
depth of field	The range of distances from the camera within which the subject is in Focus when a given lens is used
hairstylist	Also known as a hairdresser, the hairstylist is responsible for maintaining the hair of the actors during a film shoot.
importing	Importing is the process of bringing files of various types into a project in Final Cut Pro
ocn	The original camera negative (OCN) is the film in a motion picture camera which captures the original image
luminance	The measurable, luminous intensity of a video signal
avid	A non-linear editing system that’s popular within the industry
effects	A general term used to describe all of the Final Cut Pro capabilities that go beyond cuts-only editing.
boom microphone	Also known as a Giraffe, Fishpole, Boom, and Boom Mic
wipe	To erase a digital media card by reformatting it which clears all video and or audio clips from the card
log and capture window	In Final Cut Pro, the window used to log tape-based media and capture it for editing.
through wipe	The Element transition.
vertical interval	The portion of the video signal that occurs between the end of one field and the beginning of the next
preset	A saved group of settings that can be applied to a sequence when it is created
contrast ratio	The comparison of the brightest part of the screen to the darkest part of the screen, expressed as a ratio
disk utility	Disk Utility is an Apple application that performs disk-related tasks in OS X
scenics	Early nonfiction short films that displayed picturesque or exotic locales.
posttest	An evaluation taking place after a subject has been exposed to some treatment or material.
vignette	A special effect that shows images through shaped hole.
cyclorama	When outdoor scenes are shot inside a studio, this curved backdrop is used to represent the sky.
titleist	The individual who designs the title of a film (more specifically, how it appears on the screen)
microprocessor	An IC package incorporating logic, memory, control, computer and/or interface circuits.
high-key lighting	Lighting that results in more light areas than shadows; subjects are seen in middle grays and highlights, with little contrast
bnc	A commonly used video cable for monitors, projects and other audio/video equipment.
layout	Refers to the size and location of windows in Final Cut Pro
internal sync	Synchronizing signals generated by a camera, recorder, or other picture source without reference to or need of external synchronizing signals.
looping	Another term for Automatic Dialogue Replacement.
mobile frame	The effect on the screen of the moving camera, a zoom lens, or certain special effects; the framing shifts in relation to the scene being photographed
rs-422	A standard, balanced interconnection scheme for serial data communications.
wireless microphone	A mcirphone that does not need a cord
byte	A group of data bits which are processed together
filters	Effects you can apply to video or audio clip items
aes	Audio Engineering Society.
star vehicle	A film made with the intention of showing off the talents of its star.
keykode numbers reader	Device attached to a telecine or part of a bench logger which reads Keykode numbers bar code from motion picture film and provides electronic output to a decoder.
digital dynamic signs	Digital dynamic signs are flat panel devices, such as gas plasma display panels or liquid crystal displays that are being used in signage applications
footage	Exposed film stock.
reel	A reel is an object around which lengths of another material (usually long and flexible) are wound for storage
dolly	The act of moving the camera towards or away from the subject
scene chewing	Also known as chewing the scenery, this indicates an actors whose performance is over-the-top.
compression	The process of reducing the size of data in a file or video in order to save space or transmission...
key channel	A channel of a digital picture manipulator that is used for manipulating key signals while the corresponding key fill video is manipulated by another channel.
rg59	A coaxial cable type often used in television.
column	A vertical block of text in a newspaper or magazine.
kerning	A typographic term referring to the horizontal distance between characters
swish pan	A rapid pan that results in a blurred image
editing	Production of finished videotape from source tape
ac/dc coupling	May also be called simply dc coupling Coupling between circuits which accommodates the passing of both ac and dc signals.
frequency	Number of vibrations produced by a signal or sound, usually expressed as cycles per second, or Hertz (Hz).
vignetting	Undesirable darkening at the corners of a picture, as if a viewer's peering through a telescope
asa speed rating	Film speed is the measure of a photographic film's sensitivity to light, determined by sensitometry and measured on various numerical scales, the most recent being the ISO system.
direct sound	process shot
reticulation	The formation of a coarse, crackled surface on the emulsion coating of a film during improper processing.
dunning	When background footage shot outside of a studio is combined with footage shot in a studio.
director	The key individual in charge of organising the cinematic filming of a production.
layout artist	The layout artist will draw the background, create the camera and field guide matching the scene and the camera motion and he will draw on model the main action poses.
greenscreen	Also known as chromakeying, greenscreen involves shooting actors in front of a green screen and then filling in the green space with other imagery
flashback	An alteration of story order in which the plot moves back to show events that have taken place earlier than ones already shown.
pipe	In computer programming, the passing of information from one program to another.
fan-out	The number of parallel loads within a given IC logic family that can be driven by a single output of a logic device.
key	A video special effect in which the level of a video signal is used as a switch which allows selective substitution of picture information from one source with picture information from a different source
triple threat	A performer who’s skilled at singing, dancing, and acting
floodlight	Radiates a diffused, scattered blanket of light with soft, indistinct shadows
audio clip	A media clip containing audio tracks.
linear editing	A video editing style in which a program is edited together by copying shots from the original source tapes to a master tape, one by one
under	A term used in all aspects of video production referring to low light, quiet audio and faint images.
fourth wall	The invisible wall through which the audience views the events of a film
flip boom all-star	Flip Boom All-Star is perfect for any young-at-heart talent looking for an easy to use animation software
compact disc	A round disc made of moulded polymer that records, stores and plays back audio, text and video in...
electronic signage	See Digital dynamic signage.
underlighting	See DIRECTION OF LIGHTING.
focal length	Distance from a camera's lens to a focused image with the lens focused on infinity
cross-cutting	Switching back and forth between two or more scenes in different locations that are occurring simultaneously in order to create the feeling of PARALLEL ACTION
mastering mode	A mode in the Edit to Tape function within Final Cut Pro
color corrector	Electronic device that dissects the colors of a video signal, allowing them to be adjusted individually.
pick up pattern	Outlines the directions in which a microphone best captures and records sound
ambassador	The traditional name for a liaison who communicates between film crew and the area/community/culture they wish to film.
follow focus	A follow focus is a focus control mechanism used in film and video cameras
tracks	Layers in the Timeline that contain audio or video clip items in a sequence
real time	The actual time an action would need to occur as opposed to SCREEN TIME
labels	Terms such as "Best Take" and "Interview" that appear in the Label column of the Browser
connection	a set of communications parameters that can be named and saved for use with different Players.
sync	When the timecode for two clips (audio and video) is matched up so they play in unison.
mechanical editing	Physical cutting of a tape.
green	One of the three primary color signals (red, green, and blue) produced by cameras and other video sources.
style sheet	A general term for the written description of the look and feel of various visual and graphic elements such as lower thirds and main titles, transitions, on-screen graphics, how interviews are framed and lit, colour palette, style of cinematography etc.
crane shot	A shot with a change in framing accomplished by having the camera above the ground and moving through the air in any direction.
wma	A type of audio compression developed by Microsoft
1.85:1	The standard ratio for modern film projection.
reflexivity	A general term for the many ways cinema can refer to itself or to the specifics of production and exhibition
nut	Operating expenses from a film production that need to be recovered
progressive scanning	A method for displaying, storing, or transmitting moving images in which all the lines of each frame are drawn in sequence.
publicity department	During the production of a film, the individuals in this department are responsible for helping to promote the movie
katherine cornell	United States actress noted for her performances in Broadway plays (1893-1974)
pan and scan	When a film is shown on television in a full-screen format, part of the image must be cropped
dithering	A process for smoothing out images and making them more natural by simulating extra colours.
off-line editing	Editing using inexpensive systems, allowing you to do "striaght" editing only without special effects or without the control of a computer interface.
jitter	Video image aberration seen as slight, fast vertical or horizontal shifting of a picture or portion of a picture.
active picture area	The part of a TV picture that contains actual image information as opposed to sync or other data
interpretation	The viewer's activity of analyzing the implicit and symptomatic meanings suggested in a film
enhancer	See image enhancer.
costume supervisor	The individual in charge of preparing costumes for a film
ascap	The American Federation of TV and Radio Artists.
lima	Limited Motion Animation
180-degree system	In the continuity approach to editing, the dictate that the camera should stay on one side of the action to ensure consistent spatial relations between objects to the right and left of the frame
expression	A mathematical or logical statement that can be evaluated by a program to return a TRUE or FALSE...
keying	A technique used to eliminate specific background areas of video in order to isolate and composite specific foreground elements against a different background.
recorder	Any device that converts an electronic signal to a magnetic pattern in the oxide coating of a magnetic tape.
special effects	Visual effects applied to clips and projects, such as motion effects, compositing, keying, and retiming effects.
exhibition	One of the three branches of the film industry; the process of showing the finished film to audiences
alternate mark inversion	In telecommunications, an encoding protocol where successive data 1's are transmitted as alternate, equal positive and negative pulses, and data 0's are sent as spaces, each of zero amplitude.
series	A group of films that have recurring characters and themes
dvd	Digital Video Disk (or Digital Versatile Disk)
typage	A performance technique of Soviet Montage cinema in which an actor is given features believed to characterize a social group, often an economic class.
martini shot	A term used to indicate the last shot of a day’s filming, meaning that the next shot will be in a Martini glass.
stand-in	A stand-in for film and television is a person who substitutes for the actor before filming, for technical purposes such as lighting.
assistant art director	An individual who assists the art director during the production of a film.
pixels	The little red, green, and blue microdots that make up the image on a TV or monitor screen
ip multicast	Internet Protocol multicast
fiber bundle	A group of parallel optic fibers contained within a common jacket
signis	Also known as the World Catholic Association for Communication, SIGNIS is a non-profit organization for Catholics working in various areas of communication media
production	General term used to describe the process involved in making all the original material that is the basis of the finished motion picture.
foils	Contrasting characters whose behavior, attitudes, opinions, lifestyle, physical appearance, and so on are opposites and thus serve clearly to define their personalities.
voice over	Narration, usually added in post-production, that occurs outside the immediate on-screen world of the film
interface card	A circuit board inserted in a computer so that it can interface with a videotape or disc player.
rgb	Red, Green and Blue are the primary color components of the additive color system used in color television.
bandwidth	The amount of audio or radio spectrum required or used by a signal or waveform.
workprint	A workprint is a film copy used for editing purposes
three-quarter view	The camera looks at the figure from an angle.
fluid head	Tripod mount type containing viscous fluid which lubricates moving parts, dampens friction
autogain control	Commonly abbreviated as "AGC"
rendering	the process by which the video editing software and hardware convert the raw video, effects, transitions and filters into a new continuous video file. Often, depending on memory of computer, this may be one of the final steps of the editing process.
ado	Ampex Digital Optics
bmp	Basic Multilingual Plane
mini-series	Refers to television shows with a limited number of episodes that tell a complete story
distance of framing	The apparent distance of the frame from the mise-en-scène elements; also called "camera distance" and "shot scale." See also close-up, extreme close-up, medium shot.
component	The red, green, and blue portions of the video picture are transmitted, recorded and treated as separate and distinct elements.
tp	An abbreviation for the occupation Technical Producer, which is similar to that of a Super Tech.
overhead	The costs of running the physical facility.
demodulator	A circuit that demodulates or decodes the desired signal from amplitude and/or frequency modulation present on a carrier wave.
narrative	A constructed story, usually in a novel, film, radio drama or television program.
eng	Electronic news gathering; a production style using small portable equipment for high mobility in the field, as pioneered by broadcast news.
default	A predesigned setting that is used when an alternative setting has not been specified.
character generator	A keyboard device used to create letters, numbers, and simple characters in a video form.
spaghetti western	Westerns filmed in Italy, often with a cast comprised of American actors
high key light	Few shadows and little contrast
window dub	A copy of a master video, usually on DVD, where the time code numbers are displayed in a window on the monitor.
composition	The visual makeup of a video frame.
mini stereo connectors	A term used for an 1/8" stereo sound connector like the one on your iPod
blocking	Planned movements and actions of talent and crew.
stripe	A narrow band of magnetic coating or developing solution applied to a length of motion picture film.
ethel barrymore	United States actress; daughter of Maurice Barrymore and Georgiana Barrymore (1879-1959)
canted framing	A view in which the frame is not level; either the right or left side is lower than the other, causing objects in the scene to appear slanted out of an upright position.
resistive load	A load in which the voltage is in phase with the current.
vamp	A female movie character known to have a bad reputation or be a schemer and/or seducer
digital signage networks	a grouping and/or network of digital signage.
a/v mixer	See audio/video mixer.
special event	An event that is not associated with a file but is used to control a device or an element, for...
frame rate	The number of frames projected per second or recorded per second
filter	A piece of glass or gelatin placed in front of the camera or printer lens to alter the light striking the film in the aperture.
streaming	The delivery of media over a computer network.
depth of field	A cinematography term referring to the proportion of area in front or behind a subject/character/object is in/out of focus
neutral-density filter	(ND) Mounted at the front of camcorder lens
shutter	The shutter in film cameras is a circular disc that changes in shape to increase or decrease the exposure of the film
macro lens	A lens used for videography when the camera-to-object distance is less than 2 feet
dub	[1] Process or result of duplicating a videotape in its entirety
chemistry	Actors who have good chemistry together seem especially believable together
multimedia sign	See Digital display sign and Multimedia.
long shot	In film, a view of a scene that is shot from a considerable distance, so that people appear as indistinct shapes
archetype	a universal character modeled upon those that have been appearing in stories since the time of our ancient ancestors.
buzz	The level of excitement generated by a film or filmmaker.
match frame edit	An edit that joins two shots that link or match a related action
digital compositing	The process of digitally assembling multiple images to make a final image
synch	In synch is where the sounds is in time with the moving images.
memory effect	Power-loss phenomenon in nickel-cadmium (NiCd) camcorder batteries, mistakenly attributed to precisely repetitive partial discharge followed by complete recharge
leading	The space between lines of text.
ycrcb	Many digital video formats store data in a color space known as YCrCb
sound mixer	This individual on a film set works with the boom operator to record sound.
r-v signal	R (red) signal minus Y (luminance) signal; one of the color difference signals.
ferrotyping	Mottled emulsion caused by improper film drying or condensation on a roll of film.
audio swap	A YouTube function that allows users to add music to their video from YouTube's music library.
point of view	The point of view from which the narrative is presented
project	The top-level file that holds all media in Final Cut Pro, such as sequences, clips, transitions, and so on.
video response	A YouTube function that allows users to comment on video content through video.
running time	The length of a film.
multimedia displays	TVs, plasma display panels, LCDs or other video display device delivering multimedia content, often connected to a computer and touch screen.
out point	The edit point that specifies the last frame of a clip for use in a sequence.
embedding	YouTube provides a website HTML code for all videos allowing users to copy and paste that code into their websites and blogs to display the video on other platforms.
creases	A fold or crack in a piece of film.
jib	A mechanical arm which balances a camera on one end and a counterweight (with camera controls) on the other.
behind the scenes	What goes on off-camera during the production of a film
storyboard	The rough sketches depicting plot, action and characters in the sequential scenes of a film, television show or advertisement.
video	The aspect of a film that can be seen instead of heard
treatment	A brief description of a film topic or idea.
australian screen directors association	Also called the ASDA, this organization represents directors throughout the nation of Australia.
layouts	Before filming begins, the person in charge of Layouts determines where characters will be positioned in each scene and what camera angles will be used
cut-away	A shot of short duration that supposedly takes place at the same time as the main action but is not directly involved in the main action
color bars	A video test signal usually put at the head of a tape to calibrate playback machines.
low angle	The camera is positioned below eye level, looking up, to imply a sense of power and dominance.
spot	A commercial.
audio mixer	An electronic component that facilitates the selection and combination of audio signals.
dvcam	A popular digital videotape format
pots	Another name for the knobs on audio equipment.
peg channel	(Public, Education, or Government Channel) PEG is a commonly used acronym by the local television industry to describe publicly funded access stations
voice over	Off screen narration in a narrative.
zoom lens	pixillation
depth of focus	Depth of focus is a lens optics concept that measures the tolerance of placement of the image plane (the film plane in a camera) in relation to the lens
v	An abbreviation for video, to indicate that something was shown on video.
stock character	A type of character who appears in many films and behaves in basically the same way in all of them
stealing a scene	When a supporting actor takes the spotlight away from the lead due to a superior performance or better lines.
room tone	This is the distinct sound every film location or set makes
truck	A lateral movement of the camera achieved by moving or rolling the tripod dolly to the left ("truck left") or right ("truck right").
saturated color	A strong, unadulterated, pure color
d2	Digital video tape format using the 4fsc method to record composite digital video
d5	A standard definition digital videotape recorder format that records a 10-bit, uncompressed component video signal with 4:2:2 color sampling
production schedule	Used mainly by the production manager, the production schedule includes detailed reports on how long each facet of filmmaking should take
attribute	A style characteristic that can be modified, such as the slant of an italic.
go motion	While Go Motion does have similarities to stop motion, it differs in that motion blur is induced by robotic models that are moved during the exposure of each frame
additional photography	Also known as “Pickups” or “Reshoots,” additional photography often occurs when the studio or a focus group reacts negatively to a part of a movie
pixel	Picture Element
non-drop frame	A type of SMPTE time code that continuously counts a full 30 frames per second
editing	The process of combining and arranging audio, video, effects, transitions, and graphics in a sequence to produce a program.
logging	The process of going through your footage to note the start time code, contents and other information necessary for locating scenes and making decisions during editing.
menu	The opening screen of an authored DVD that shows the glossarys
hdmi	Abbreviation for High Definition Multi Interface, which refers to a connection that allows the convergence between video devices and monitors.
3-d	A film that uses special glasses to achieve the illusion of three-dimensional depth on the screen
multimode fiber	An optical fiber with a relatively large core diameter anywhere in between 25 and 200 microns in which more than one mode of light propagation takes place.
buzz track	Natural sound recorded on location and later added back in to create a greater sense of realism for a scene.
production context	In the study of media texts and values, production context refers to the place and time of production.
production sound mixer	During filming, the production sound mixer is in charge of the sound department
agitation	Agitation is necessary to achieve even and uniformity in various chemical developing solutions.
layer	In animation, a layer is an individual column, level or character
storyboarding	The process of planning a video project that includes drawing a simple sketch of the desired shot, planning the accompanying audio, and estimating the duration of each element.
tally light	A film term referring to the red light present on a camera during recording.
pose-to-pose animation	Pose-to-pose animation is the action of creating all the main action poses, called key poses, and then place the secondary poses between the keys
outgoing clip	The clip a transition segues from
charge-back	A funding scheme in which a department runs on fees charged for its services.
focus	If an image is sharp, then it is said to be “in focus.” On a movie set, this is usually the responsibility of the First Assistant Camera.
component video signal	A signal that consists of a luminance signal (Y) and two chrominance (color difference) signals (R-Y, B-Y).
tilt	See CAMERA MOVEMENT.
intermediate	Film used for making duplicate negative.
time lapse photography	In order to show the stars in motion or a flower blooming, a large number of single frames are filmed at intervals and then projected together
seg	Screen Extras Guild.
tuner	An element of a television set that allows the user to select specific signals and frequencies (channels) to be shown on the picture tube and played through the speaker.
store and forward	a networking term referring to when information is stored at routing points before its ultimate destination
rs-170a	A document prepared by the Electronics Industries Association describing recommended practices for NTSC color television signals in the United States.
dolby noise reduction	Sound enhancement and noise reduction techniques developed by Dolby Labs
shotgun microphone	A unidirectional microphone with a narrow pickup pattern.
rush	The print of the camera footage from one day's shooting
structuring of time	In VCE Media, the structuring of time refers to the way time can be expanded, contracted or structured using editing.
available light	In photography and cinematography, available light or ambient light refers to any source of light that is not explicitly supplied by the photographer for the purpose of taking photos
4:4:4:4	Similar to 4:2:2:4 except that for every four luminance samples, the color and key channels are also sampled four times.
c-mount lens	A lens with a standard one-inch threaded mount assembly that is screwed into the camera body, as opposed to a bayonet or "m" mount.
casting director	The individual responsible for putting together the cast for a film
render	To process video and audio with any applied filters or transitions, and store the result on disk as a render file
truncation	The cropping-off of parts of the human figure (or other key object) by the boundaries of the frame
colorist	A professional who performs color correction
walkthrough	Another word for a rehearsal, practice or Dry Run.
s.a.g	Screen Actors Guild.
pre-amp	An audiod evice similar to but simpler than a mixer that is used to boost, control, and/or transform audio signals.
letterboxing	A method of formatting wide-screen films for some video and DYD releases
caterer	The company or individual who provides meals for the cast and crew of a film during production.
shuttle control	The slider control located at the bottom of the Viewer and the Canvas
color bars	Standard test signal containing samples of primary and secondary colors, used as a reference in aligning color video equipment
digital video	A digitised video that can be managed from a personal computer and displayed on the computer's...
side lighting	See DIRECTION OF LIGHTING.
stop-motion keyframe	A stop-motion keyframe is a keyframe with no computer generated interpolation.
replace edit	In a replace edit, a source selection replaces a clip in your project in the Timeline
dvd video	A DVD disc that has standard video and audio recorded on it
dissolve	Image transition effect of one picture gradually disappearing as another appears
split-screen	Two separate action that occur side-by-side on the screen.
timeline	The bottom portion of the Final Cut Pro window contains the Timeline, where you create your movie project by adding and arranging clips and making all your edits.
periodic scheduling	a type of scheduling that defines ranges of time within which events are allowed to play.
dvd-r	– a recordable digital video disc. A DVD-R may be recorded only once, and is not a reusable medium. A DVD-R will hold 4.7 gigabytes of data, or enough for approximately 2 hours of video (with audio) recorded in the MPEG2 mode.
framing	Act of composing a shot in the camcorder's viewfinder for desired visual content.
u-matic	An analog tape format once popular for broadcast.
horizontal resolution	The capability of a video camera or a display unit to resolve detail in the horizontal direction
bump-down	A dub onto a smaller-format tape.
wind screen	A thin soft foam cover for microphones which reduces the noise made by wind striking the microphone.
tungsten lights	Tungsten balenced lights are those that are color balenced for 3400 degrees Kelvin
three-point lighting	Basic lighting approach employing key, back, and fill lights to illuminate subject with a sense of depth and texture
cement splice	Film splice made using a film solvent cement to make the splice virtually seamless.
remote	A video shoot captured on location, outside of a studio environment.
xlr	A commonly used high quality cable that is used for professional sound applications.
film-style shooting	Shooting with one portable camera.
feed	Referring to when video or audio is fed to another source or location to another.
script supervisor	A member of a film’s production crew who keeps track of which parts of the film have been shot and how they differed from the script
gaffer's tape	Film industry tape, which is easy to rip for editing, yet still very strong.
log time	That time at which a new source is placed on the program bus, usually recorded in the station log for FCC accounting and customer billing purpose.
cutting on action	Cutting from one shot to another view that carries or matches a movement and gives the impression of a continuous time span
printing tape	A perforated strip of tape which provides information concerning the necessary changes of the printing light levels.
broadcast quality	A nebulous term used to describe the output of a manufacturers product
foley	The act of creating sound effects to mirror the events on screen
y	Used to refer to the Y coordinate in Cartesian geometry
form	The general system of relationships among the parts of a film.
actualities	An early term for documentary films.
resolution	The size of the image in pixels
motion path	When you keyframe different center point locations in the motion settings for a clip over time, a motion path appears in the Canvas showing the path your clip will travel over time.
red herring	Elements of a film introduced in order to mislead the audience as to the final outcome.
paper edit	A document consisting of transcribed storyboards of your footage, which can be organised to create a paper version of your final cut
reverse motion	Screen action that runs backwards.
latent image	The image retained by a pickup tube after the source of that image is removed
back announce	Reading the name of songs that have just played on the radio.
p&a	This is short for “prints and advertising.” When is comes to distributing a film, these two elements are the most expensive.
mixer	An electronic device for combining the outputs of several sound sources, with separate control over the volume or quality of each.
network operator	A company that manages and maintains computer networks.
sony dynamic digital sound	A sound enhancement and noise reduction system introduced by Sony
attenuator	A circuit that provides reduction of the amplitude of an electrical signal without introducing appreciable phase or frequency distortion.
transitions browser	A media browser in Final Cut Pro that provides access to all the video transitions included with Final Cut Pro.
loop	a brief, repeatable audio segment (usually one or two measures long) used as a building block of a song created using music-creation software. Such a song might include a drum loop, a bass loop, a keyboard loop, and a guitar loop, all of which are combined and repeated to create a song.
stereo	Sound emanating from two isolated sources, intended to simulate pattern of natural human hearing.
flat lighting	Illumination characterized by even, diffused light without shadows, highlights or contrast
fade-out	A gradual transition from full exposure to complete black.
mixing	Combining two or more sound tracks by rerecording them onto a single track.
short subject	Also known as a “short,” this is a film with a run time less than 45 minutes.
diffusion	Softening the intensity of a light by using materials such as a translucent sheet or diffuser.
merged clip	A clip that refers to more than one source media file on disk
internal diegetic sound	extreme close-up
sound designer	The member of the sound crew who designs and creates the audio for a film.
jog	Frame-by-frame advancement of a videotape in a VCR or video deck.
reaction shot	An insert or cutaway shot (usually close-up) showing how a key character or a group are reacting to action we have just been shown.
omnidirectional	Microphone pickup pattern whereby sound is absorbed equally from all directions
keyframe	A keyframe is a special-purpose marker that denotes the change in value to an applied effect parameter
real time	The instantaneous response of a computer or device to instructions: the normal viewing time of any film or videotape format.
crosscutting.	See intercutting.
pan	See CAMERA MOVEMENT.
screen direction	The right-left relationships in a scene, set up in an establishing shot and determined by the position of characters and objects in the frame, the directions of movement, and the characters' eyelines
time code	Timing code laid down on videotape to give each frame a unique number so as to ensure exact transitions during editing.
leadroom	The area between a subject shot in profile and the edge of the screen they are facing.
nd filter	Neutral Density filter
digital compositor	An individual who uses a computer to perform compositing.
zeppelin	A large shield used to protect Boom mics from ambient noise.
cue	A signal that indicates an actor should begin their performance or deliver a line of dialogue.
television movie	A motion picture made to be shown on television
oppositional values	Values and beliefs which are in direct opposition to those held by the majority of people in a society.
title safe area	The part of the video image that is guaranteed to be visible on all televisions
national film theatre	A movie theatre located in London, England that often serves as a showcase for new releases
digital	A system whereby a continuously variable (analog) signal is broken down and encoded into discrete binary bits that represent a mathematical model of the original signal.
decibel	(db) Unit of loudness measured on logarithmic scale used to measure audio levels.
dashboard	The Dashboard appears in the center of the toolbar and provides a timecode display as well as icons showing audio levels and the status of background tasks.
resize edit	An edit in which the duration of a clip in the Timeline is changed by moving its In or Out point.
gamma	Measurement of the contrast of an image, representing the slope of the straight-line portion of the characteristic curve.
off-camera dialogue	Dialogue spoken by a diegetic character whom is not seen in a particular shot4, Compare with VOICE-OVER
contrast control	A control used to change the amplitude of the video signal in viewfinders receivers, and monitors, but not affecting the output of cameras or other video sources.
film-style	Out-of-sequence shooting approach, to be edited in appropriate order during the post-production stage
lower third	A television industry term for a graphic placed in the lower area of the screen, usually to convey details about subjects or products
transferring	The process of ingesting file-based media into a video editing system.
vir	Vertical interval reference
oxide tape	Magnetic tape coated with fine particles of manganese oxide.
8mm	Compact videocassette format, popularized by camcorders, employing an 8 millimeter wide videotape
d5	Component, non-compressed digital format
interpositive	A Master positive print.
spherical	In this vertical system, the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the picture are the same
complication	an action point that is introduced early in the film with no obvious effect or importance until later, when it becomes the unexpected source of difficulties or solutions to the protagonist’s objective.
asa number	ASA stands for American Standards Association
axis of action	An imaginary line that can be drawn between the main actors in a scene
juxtaposition	When two characters, objects, or images are placed next to once another for comparison and/or contrast
pre-roll	Slight backing-up function of camcorders and VCRs when preparing for tape recording; ensures smooth, uninterrupted transitions between scenes.
head	See "tripod head."
focus group	Before a film is released for the public, it is screened for a focus group
color chip	shows the color used when the style is applied
augmented reality	A new way of engaging with digital content where interactive, digital content can be accessed and viewing through real life objects in the real world.
elliptical editing	Shot transitions that omit parts of an event, causing an ellipsis in plot and story duration.
camera shake	Camera shake occurs in a scene when the camera moves slightly and quickly in several directions
ire	An analog video signal unit of measurement for luma, established by the Institute of Radio Engineers.
input-looping	A device's input loops back out so that the incoming signal can be sent elsewhere.
back channel	A data pathway that enables signPlayer to send information back to signManager.
iris	A round, moving mask that can close down to end a scene (iris-out) or emphasize a detail, or it can open to begin a scene (iris-in) or to reveal more space around a detail.
video ads	YouTube's in-video advertisements supported by True View ads as well as standard auto-play ads.
wireframe modes	Viewer and Canvas view modes that show the outline of a clip's video frame
scrim	Lighting accessory made of translucent material (wire mesh, gauze, silk) used to lessens or defuse the intensity of light.
onibaba	Onibaba (1964), directed by Kaneto Shindo, is considered a mainstay of Japan’s vast cinematic canon
documentary	A program format documenting a real event rather than creating a scripted one.
dv	A standard definition digital videotape recorder format that records an 8-bit, 5:1 compressed component video signal with 4:1:1 color sampling (PAL uses 4:2:0)
projection speed	Rate at which the film moves through the projector; 24 fps is the standard for all sound films.
rotoscoping	Is an animation technique in which animators trace over live-action film movement, frame by frame, for use in animated films
display	Another word for monitor, whether it is a computer monitor or video monitor.
ultimatte	A patented process and device which cleanly keys one element (usually live action) over a background
u-matic	A 3/4" analog tape format once popular for broadcast.
treatment	A narrative description of the way a subject will be treated and a program will look when completed; an experimental condition.
balanced	A circuit having two sides (conductors) carrying voltages which are symmetrical around a common reference point, typically ground.
pickup tube	A light-sensitive electron tube which is scanned by an electron beam to convert an image focused on the face of the tube into an electronic signal.
smpte time code	Time code that conforms to SMPTE standards
anti-hero	While they’re still the hero of the film, an anti-hero often displays certain behavior not in keeping with acceptable laws and social behavior
hdtv	High Definition TeleVision delivers a higher quality image than standard television does, because it has a greater number of lines of resolution
cameo	A special, yet small, appearance in a film by a well-known actor or actress
visual effects supervisor	The head of a visual effects crew for a production, they’re also known as the visual effects director.
personality actors	Actors whose primary talent is to be themselves
construction coordinator	Also known as a construction manager or construction foreman, this individual constructs sets based on the drawings of the art director and production designer
compositing	A process in which two or more images are combined into a single frame
top lighting	Lighting coming from above a person or object, usually in order to outline the upper areas of the figure or to separate it more clearly form the background.
keyframe	A single event in a motion path
font	A style of type
terra-flite	Used to steady images of galloping horses or cars navigating over gravel, the terra-flite is a combination of a steadicam and a louma crane.
utility person	A person who performs any task asked of them by their crew
time code	Synchronization system, like a clock recorded on your videotape, assigning a corresponding hours; minutes; seconds; frame-number designation to each frame
assembly	During the initial stage of editing, when all shots are arranged in the order that they appear in the script.
presenter	A person who introduces a film via voice-over or on-screen appearance
bypass relay	A relay used to bypass the normal electrical route in the event of power, signal, or equipment failure.
cgi	Computer-generated imagery: Using digital software systems to create figures, settings, or other material in the frame.
depth of field	Area in which all objects, located at different distances from the camera, appear in focus
cel animation	A type of animation where pictures drawn by hand are placed on clear sheets and then layered to create the illusion of depth
db	Decibel
gain	Any increase or decrease in strength of an electrical signal
list view	in the Main menu, a listing of pages by name, in sequence by page number; in the File menu, an alphabetical listing of sub-folders and files in the current folder
long shot	The full figure of a standing person would appear nearly the height of the screen
still-frame	The capturing and playback of a single video frame to stop or "freeze" action.
location filming	Indicates filming that doesn’t take place on a constructed set
tool palette	A window in Final Cut Pro that contains tools for selecting, editing, zooming, cropping, and distorting items in the Timeline
blackwrap	Blackwrap is heavy-duty aluminium foil coated in a heat-resistant black paint
field chart	A field chart is a guide will all the field units that animator and layout artists use to determine a scene size or a camera motion.
wallpaper	A reporting slang term used to refer to pictures in a film sequence that have little connection, and add little benefit to the script or story at hand.
google video	Google's original video hosting service.
indirect-subjective	A viewpoint that brings us close to the action and increases our involvement
adapter	A device used to achieve compatibility between two items of audio/video equipment.
edl	See edit decision list.
video scopes	Tools you can use to evaluate the color and brightness values of video clips in the Viewer, Canvas, or Timeline
hdtv	High definition television, a new video format with a resolution approximately twice as standard TV.
cookie	See cucalorus.
assembly language	A symbolic computer language in which a programmer can create prograrms that the computer's assembler program will translate into machine language for controlling the computer
scene	action that occurs in one location at one time.
squib	A squib is essentially a tiny explosive
page transition	A way of defining how a page moves on or off the screen.
p2	A compact solid-state memory card designed for professional and broadcast media gathering
tint	Any color lighter than its normal value
clip	An item in a Final Cut Pro project representing video, audio, or graphics media files on disk.
podcast	Streaming video or audio that is regularly scheduled in a similar way as a radio or television broadcast.
ripple edit	An edit in which the start and end times of a range of clips on a track are adjusted when the duration of an earlier clip is altered.