Glossary extracted starting with automatic seeds, with BOW for the domain rel and language EN

satyr	an ancient woodland deity with the legs, tail, and horns of a goat (or horse), and the head and torso of a man.
kufic	an early form of Arabic script in which letters are relatively uncursive; used later for headings and formal inscriptions.
polysemy or polysemous	Having multiple meanings.
bureaucracy	Administration of a government chiefly through bureaus or departments staffed with non-elected officials
acrylic	a fast-drying, water-based synthetic paint medium.
spandrel	the triangular area between (a) the side of an arch and the right angle that encloses it or (b) two adjacent arches.
catechism	a form of instruction usually based on questions and answers.
prakrit	Prakrit is an ancient vernacular language of India, akin to the more classical Sanskrit
lu tung-pin	Lü Dongbin is one of the Baxian (Eight Immortals), who are frequently depicted in Daoist artwork
abacus	the flat slab on the top of a capital, for example, immediately under a horizontal dial on a pedestal.
taffrail	the rail around the stern of a ship
cabo	Corporal
council of trent	church music (Mass)
sarcophagus	a stone coffin, sometimes decorated with a relief sculpture.
acanthus	a Mediterranean aromatic plant, the frayed and curled leaves of which were used as a decorative model throughout antiquity (on Corinthian capitals)
commandante	Military commander.
capital	The head of a column which is often highly carved, moulded and decorated.
hex	Definition pending.
morphology	The study of form; used in linguistics (the study of morphemes and word construction) and for form in general-for example, biomorphology relates to physical form.
intensity	the degree of purity of a color; also known as chroma or saturation.
ynterprete	An interpreter who aided the priest in preaching to the Indians.
c.e.	Common Era; an alternate dating system corresponding to A.D.
cross	1) A sign widely used in the history of religion to express the structure of the cosmos
humanist community project	The Humanist Community Project is an initiative of the Humanist Chaplaincy at Harvard that seeks to research and resource the Humanist, skeptic, atheist, and not religious communities of America.
nomads	A group of people who have no fixed home and move according to the seasons from place to place in search of food, water, and grazing land for flocks of animals
pseudoperipteral	appearing to have a peristyle, though some of the columns may be engaged columns or pilasters.
chaitya arch	a splayed, horsehoe-shaped curve derived from the profile of a barrel-vaulted chaitya hall; used to frame doors, windows, and gables, and as a decorative motif in early south Asian architecture.
ancient versions	Translations of the Bible dating from the early centuries of this era, like the Latin, Coptic, and Syriac versions.
moghul	Mohgul, Mogul or Mughal Empire, founded in the early 16th century in India, The Mughal emperor accepted British protection in 1803.
vitreous	related to, derived from, or consisting of glass.
shasta abbey	Shasta Abbey, headquartered on Mt
antiphonal	(1) a method of singing in which verses (or half verses) are sung alternately by the two halves of the choir sitting opposite one another; (2) a classification of chant apparently originating with (1) but which identifies those chants (and especially psalmody) which do not follow a reading
cosmic consciousness	A term coined by Richard Bucke to refer to exalted and joyous experiences of our own deep connection to the whole universe, felt as a living and ordered Presence.
stereobate	a substructure or foundation of masonry visible above ground level.
rebbe	Rebbe is the title of the spiritual leader of the Hasidim, the pietist Jewish movement which began in 18th century Poland and continues today, with its honoring of holy teachers and its emphasis on prayer and devotion.
vault	An arched, stone roof.
visakha	Definition pending.
commandment	A norm of moral and/or religious action; above all, the Ten Commandments given by God to Moses
corn dolly	a human or animal figure fashioned out of a sheaf of corn; used in spells and as fertility symbol
rose window	a circular window with tracery arranged like the spokes of a wheel
gothic	architectural style featuring the generalized use of the ogival arch and large wall openings
lanyard	a short rope used to fasten something
gloria	Dominus Vobiscum
runes	Runes originated in fourth-century Scandinavia as a divinatory alphabet
points	ties, laces.
burgess	An inhabitant of a borough or walled town; or one who possesses a tenement therein; a citizen or freeman of a borough
trilobed	having three rounded projections.
fresco	A painting laid down on moist lime plaster with color pigments suspended in a liquid medium.
childermas	The Feast of the Holy Innocents, December 28.
problem of canon	the problem of identifying the works to include in a translation of scriptures
authoritarianism	advocating the importance of obedience to authority
winnowing	To separate the chaff from grain by means of a current of air
al-quds	Definition pending.
gospel book	The book (usually with an ornamented cover) which contains the Gospel lessons appointed for use at the Eucharist
norman	The Norman style of church architecture is the English version of the Romanesque style, developed by the Normans and employed in England following 1066; it is characterized by rounded arches and heavy pillars
rite ii	A portion of the Book of Common Prayer containing worship services which use more modern language and place importance on a different theological emphasis than traditional Episcopal worship.
evangeliary	lectionary (revised)
urn	A receptacle containing the remains of a body that has been cremated.
padmasambhava	Padmasambhava is a Buddhist monk and sage considered the father of Vajrayana Buddhism in Tibet who reportedly journeyed from India to the "Land of Snow" during the 9th century
religion	The institution responsible for answering people’s larger questions and for explaining the seemingly inexplicable.
formal elements	the elements of style (line, shape, color, etc.) used by an artist in the composition of a work of art.
redemption	The payment of money, a ransom, for the release of someone held in detention, such as a slave
indigenous	referring to the native population of an area.
participant observation	living in a culture that is not your own while also keeping a detailed record of your observations and interviews.
yarmulke	Definition pending.
phenotype	An organism's evident traits, its "manifest biology"-anatomy and physiology.
crenellated	having a series of indentations, like those in a battlement.
crone	older, wise woman
cairns	Heaps of stones, tapering at the top to form a cone, usually a monument of some kind
koine	The common form of the Greek dialect that developed from Attic Greek.
scry	gaze into or at an object with the intent to see future events or distant places
bartizan	Battlemented parapet, or overhanging turret on a wall or tower.
biretta	A kind of cap worn by the clergy. In the eighteenth century it was transformed from the soft, functional headwear seen in Renaissance paintings into a stiff, ornamental thing characterized by three vertical ridges and topped with a pompom. English custom retained a softer form, but developed four sharp corners; the English square the cap is now often called a "Canterbury cap." (The academic mortarboard" is a further development of the same type of cap.)
monsoon	a seasonal wind that brings rain
archivault	architectonic element which forms a feature of the spans of barrel vaults
dokusan	Dokusan is the name for the private interview with a Zen master
lay-brothers' frater	Dining room for lay-brothers.
direct psalmody	A solo chant in which the text of a psalm is sung without antiphons (or responds), generally with ornate melody often employing centonization (e.g
squint	the hole cut in a wall or through a pier to allow a view of the high altar from a place where it would not otherwise possible
cuneiform	Wedge-shaped script used in Mesopotamia for writing on clay tablets
lancet	a tall narrow, arched window without tracery.
symmetria	Greek for symmetry.
megalith	a large, undressed stone used in the construction of prehistoric monuments.
ziggurat	a trapezoidal stepped structure representing a mountain in ancient Mesopotamia.
lineal relative	Any of ego's ancestors or descendants (e.g., parents, grandparents, children, grandchildren); on the direct line of descent that leads to and from ego.
hellenistic age	The period when Greece controlled the ancient Near East, from the death of Alexander to the beginning of the Roman rule (323-30 BCE.).
libation	a
obverse	the side of a coin or medal considered to be the front and that bears the main image.
polemon	(314-269 BCE) an ancient philosopher; Polemon was one of the first men to lead the Academy, the ancient school of philosophy founded by Socrates’ follower Plato; the head of the Academy was elected for life
class system	A system of stratification based on achieved statuses.
transitional	A period of architecture which marked the period between the Norman and Gothic styles when both were inter mingling
baroque	17th century style of artistic expression characterized by elaborate ornamentation and dynamic forms.
crosshatching	a pattern of superimposed parallel lines (hatching ) on a two-dimensional surface used to create shadows and suggest three-dimensionality.
norman	Used in England as a synonym for 'Romanesque', it covers the style of architecture current between 1066-1200.
pope paul vi	Definition pending.
humeral veil	A silk shawl laid round the shoulders serving to cover the hands
almuce	large cape, often with attached hood, of cloth turned down over the shoulders and lined with fur
source criticism	A methodology that studies the source or sources of what came to be the books of the Bible
feast	A holy day of celebration, usually in honour of our Lord or of the Saints
1928 prayer book	The version of the Book of Common Prayer in use from 1928-79.
arena	the central area in a Roman amphitheater where gladiatorial spectacles took place.
eclectic	Eclectic Pagans bring aspects of many spiritual paths together
goddess spirituality	Goddess spirituality is a common term for contemporary devotion to female deities
tierceron	See rib vault.
vicar	From the Latin word vicarius, meaning "a substitute." An English term referring to a priest in charge of a mission
requiem mass	Missa sine populo
plinth	in the base of a 14th c
piger	(Latin) Sluggish.
health	The well-being of people.
schematic	diagrammatic and generalized rather than specifically relating to an individual object.
cartulary	a book or register containing copies of the deeds or charters relating to the lands, churches and other properties of a monastery, or of any other establishment.
big bang theory	Big Bang Theory: the idea or scientific theory that the universe began with a single large explosion and that the pieces are still flying apart.
vigil	Originally, a vigil was a Fast Day observed on the day before certain major Feast Days
tosefta	The Tosefta is a Jewish work that is a compilation of Oral teaching, which hails from approximately the same time as Mishna
voucher	A grant of tax dollars allocated to parents for sending their children to the private or public school of their choice.
red mass	Requiem – Article dealing with requiem mass
outgroup	As opposed to ingroup, one toward which we express resentment and competition, and sometimes outright hatred.
corporal	a linen square on which the consecrated elements are placed during the celebration of the Eucharist.
earthenware	pottery that has been either airdried or fired at a relatively low temperature.
exceptional human experience	Term coined by Rhea White to refer to a broad range of psychic, mystical, peak, and anomalous experiences.
temporarilities	Matters pertaining to the non-religious aspects of the mission: Feeding, clothing and housing of the Indians; development of agriculture; teaching of trades and skills.
chamfer	Surface produced by cutting across a square angle of a block at 45ø to the other surfaces.
horseshoe arch	See Moorish Arch.
transitional	term applied to the architecture of the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, during the transition from Norman or Romanesque to Gothic.
dispensation	an exemption from church law.
state of formation	Definition pending.
executive committee	In many parishes, the rectors, wardens and the parish treasurer form an executive committee
shaft	part of a column between the base and the capital
premillenialism	The dispensational view is one that divides human history into eras called "dispensations." In the premillenialist view, there are seven dispensations beginning with the Garden of Eden and ending with the Millennium and the coming of the Kingdom of God.
parabolic	Having to do with a parable or parables; or having the same effect of a parable, ie
terracotta	Ornamental building material of unglazed, fired clay, brownish-red in colour; also used in statuary, pottery, etc.
deferential	showing great respect
prelates	general term applied to the leading members of the ecclesiastical establishment.
vinaya	Vinaya is one of the three main canonical categories of the Buddha's teaching: vinaya (code of discipline), abhidharma (treatises on metaphysics), and sutra (discourses)
white-collar crime	Nonviolent crime committed by the capitalist class during the course of their occupations.
handfasting	a Wiccan marriage ceremony
tell	A large mound that contains many layers of successive occupations at a particular site
early service	In many Parish communities, this refers to the eight o'clock a.m
foreshortening	the use of perspective to represent a single object extending back in space at an angle to the picture plane.
flaxen	like flax (pale yellow in color)
litha	Summer Solstice Sabbat
louvre	opening in the roof of a room to let the smoke escape.
pilaster	a flattened, rectangular version of a column, sometimes load-bearing, but often purely decorative.
rune	Alphabet of twig-like signs used by both the Anglo-Saxons and the Vikings
novice	A prospective member of a religious community who has not taken solemn (life-long) vows.
ring-chain	A type of ornament popular in Anglo-Danish times.
parapet	A low wall intended to protect a sudden drop, for example on a church or house top.
matins	Morning Prayer.
bier lights	Two or more candles that are placed around the coffin or urn at the Burial of the Dead.
lancet arch	the basic Gothic pointed arch (usually applied to long, narrow windows)
triforium	a galleried arcade above the main arches of the nave and below the clerestory
neocolonialism	Michael Harrington’s term for the tendency of the most industrialized nations to exploit less developed countries politically and economically.
old greek	The designation 'Old Greek' refers to the Oldest Greek copies of the Hebrew scriptures that are known or extant.
key scenarios	symbolic portrayals of means-ends relationships and order action by symbolizing ways to appropriately act out those relationships
burgage	Tenure (=possession or holding) of land or tenement in a town or city, which originally involved a fixed money rent.
propitiatory	conciliatory; appeasing
pediment	a low-pitched gable, sometimes seen over the top of vertical dials
mi'raj	Definition pending.
shasa	A widespread nomadic pastoral population which lived in the countryside, mountain regions and desert fringe of Canaan
nunc dimittis	The Song of Simeon (Luke 2:29-32) normally used as one of the canticles at Evening Prayer and Compline (see BCP, 66, 120, & 135)
kinhin	Walking meditation is a practice through which mindfulness is directed explicitly toward the movements of walking
prior	in an abbey the second-in-command or officer next in rank after the abbot; the superior of a religious house that did not have the status of an abbey.
seminarian	A student in a seminary.
pigritia	(Latin) Laziness, idleness; Cicero asks his friend Atticus not to blame pigritia or laziness for his not writing the letter in his own handwriting in Book 16 Letter 15.
clique	An internal cluster or faction within a group.
primogeniture	the inheritance of property by the eldest child
fez	A fez is a brimless hat, usually made of red felt and often decorated with a tassel, that is worn by men in eastern Mediterranean countries.
canted	inclined, or angled.
leveling mechanisms	Customs and social actions that operate to reduce differences in wealth and thus to bring standouts in line with community norms.
interreligious council	Definition pending.
rede/wiccan rede	“An it harm none, do what thou will”
scarab	1
conventuals	the name given to that section of the Franciscan Order that accepted the need to modify the practice of absolute poverty enjoined by St
taijiquan	Taijiquan, literally "the fist of the great ultimate," refers to a method of calisthenics with roots in ancient Daoist longevity techniques
ignudi	nude figures (in Italian).
native american	Each of the many Native American nations has its own distinctive life-ways, although there are some widely-shared characteristics
kouros	Greek word for young man; an Archaic Greek statue of a standing nude youth.
agistment	a Church rate, or tithe, charged on pasture land.
bronze	a metal alloy composed of copper mixed with tin.
scalloped	capital Type of capital in which the semi-circular surface is carved into a series of truncated cones.
ministers provincial	term for the heads of provinces within the Franciscan order
rayonnant	the development of French Gothic which produced multiple light windows with geometric tracery
estate system	The three-tiered stratification system used during the Middle Ages.
oratorian	A priest in the community around St Philip Neri in Rome (1562), established as a religious congregation (1612), who used Oratories as a place for popular devotional services and oratorios.
chancellor	The chief archivist of the official records of a diocese
graveslab	A tombstone intended for laying flat on a grave
upadhyaya	In the religious traditions of India, an upadhyaya is a teacher or preceptor.
pentagram	five-pointed star, two dimensional
materialism	the philosophical view that the only thing that can truly be said to 'exist' is matter; that fundamentally, all things are composed of 'material' and all phenomena are the result of material interactions.
rood screen	An architectural screen of stone, wood, or metal separating the chancel from the nave of a church building. It is called a "rood screen" because it is customary to set a crucifix at the top of the screen.
crocket	a small ornament depicting stylized foliage looking a little like an upturned flower bud
spectrum of consciousness	Wilber's model for the development of consciousness through levels of the spectrum.
validity	In a research study, validity refers to the fact that the researcher is indeed measuring what he/she intends to measure.
gable	The end of a wall that goes up into the roof, usually triangular shaped, but can be a variety of shapes.
fusion	blending traits from two different cultures to form a new trait
visible spectrum	the colors, visible to the human eye, that are produced when white light is dispersed by a prism.
patrilocal	residence after marriage in association with the husband's father's relatives.
dead sea scrolls	Ancient manuscripts written in Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek, found in 1947-56 at Qumran
immortality	The quality of the spiritual human soul whereby it survives the death of the body and remains in existence without end, to be reunited with the body at the final resurrection.
corselet	Body armor, especially a breastplate
eucharistic discourse	The Bread of Life Discourse as found in John 6: 22-71.
ontology	(1) A branch of philosophy concerned with examining what is real, or what can be said to exist
monjerio	Woman's quarters.
pier	strong, upright support or pillar for arches, etc.
interest group	A collection of people who have organized to influence government action and legislation.
psalmi idiotici	Latin, non-scriptural texts used in the early Church
pylon	a pair of truncated, pyramidal towers flanking the entrance to an Egyptian temple.
paralanguage	the use of accent, cadence, pitch, and tone to convey meaning.
havan	Definition pending.
mucrology	the art of etching or painting with a pointed tip of a feathery leaf, etc.
porticus	the side-chapels common at Anglo-Saxon minster churches, frequently used for the more important burials.
religious technology	objects that function as religious symbols rather than as objects of utilitarian use
space industrialization	the development of important new manufacturing activities in the environment of outer space.
shekel	1
light	with respect to a window, the individual openings
midsummer	Summer Solstice Sabbat
orchestra	in an ancient Greek theater, a circular space used by the chorus.
hatching	close parallel lines used in drawings and prints to create the effect of shadow on three-dimensional forms
new sculpture movement	From about 1875 the style of British sculpture changed to one of more naturalistic modelling.
ethos	A set of moral or ideological principles that guides a person or community.
minuscule	A cursive writing style (small letters)
variable	Any item that can be measured and represent different values.
corrody	a pension, in the form of board and lodging or money, or both, granted to a lay person by a monastery, often at the request of the king or patron of the house, who billeted retired servants and retainers on the monastic establishment in this way.
orality	Quality of texts which is transmitted by the spoken word, that is, orally
http://www.toronto.ca/diversity/equity-lens-definitions.htm	Term: AllySomeone who advocates for and supports members of a community other than their own
meander pattern	a fret or key pattern originating in the Greek Geometric period.
apsidal	apse-shaped.
lacertine	An animal with ribbon-like body used in zoomorphic interlace.
lintel	A horizontal beam or stone bridging an opening.
topographical drawing	A drawing which shows the topography of a place, i.e
chiasm	Literary structure like the shape of an X, the shape of the Greek letter chi, hence the name
pomeridianus	(Latin) in the afternoon; this word is tied to the two Latin words post, meaning "after", and meridianus, which means "noon".
eustress	the experience of stress as vitalizing rather than distressful
b	baptistery
infant communion	In persona Christi
pyramids	Large-scale geometrical-shaped stone tombs built for Egyptian pharaohs in the Old Kingdom
propitiation	That which turns aside the wrath of God from the sinner
scroll	(a) a length of writing material, such as papyrus or parchment, rolled up into a cylinder; (b) a curved molding resembling a scroll (e.g., the volute of an Ionic or Corinthian capital).
stratigraphy	a technique for determining a chronology by studying the relative locations of layers of material in an archaeological site.
liber	Latin: book.
overdistanced	adjective describing experiences that fail to evoke emotions at all
recension	a systematic revision of an entire text.
bimah	The bimah is the raised area at the front of an Ashkenazi synagogue where the desk for reading the Torah is located.
lunette	(a) a semicircular area formed by the intersection of a wall and a vault; (b) a painting, relief sculpture, or window of the same shape.
barrel	One of the elements which together may comprise the shaft of a column.
water	one of the four magical elements
early english	The Early English style of church architecture is the first stage (13th century) of the development of English Gothic architecture, following the Norman and Romanesque styles and predating the Perpendicular style; it is characterized by narrow pointed windows and pointed arches
lights	A sub division of a multiple window.
wall plate	A timber laid longitudinally along the top of a building wall to receive the ends of the rafters
abjectly	with a degraded demeanor; lacking self-respect
jews	A term originally referring to inhabitants of Judea, but now refers to adherents of Judaism, or individuals who strongly identify with Jewish culture (Smith and Green 1995: 572).
column	In classical architecture an upright structural member of round cross section with a shaft, capital and usually a base
jacal	A hut or crude dwelling often made of brush and hides.
stigmata	marks resembling the wounds on the crucified body of Christ (from stigma, "a mark" or "scar").
pentise	covered way, or small subsidiary building, with a sloping roof.
literalism	the approach to understanding texts that assumes that they are best understood without taking the words as similes, analogies, and metaphors is called
fleur-de-lis	(a) a white iris, the royal emblem of France; (b) a stylized representation of an iris, common in artistic design and heraldry.
underpainting	a preliminary painting, subsequently covered by the final layer(s) of paint.
misericords	Tip up seats for the resting of the buttocks during long periods of standing, to ease the pressure on the legs, for example by Monks in their night time services and especially the old men
qiblah	The qiblah is the direction of prayer, always toward the Ka'bah in Makkah
rune stone	in Viking art, an upright boulder with characters of the runic alphabet inscribed on it.
latin cross	a cross in which the vertical arm is longer than the horizontal arm, through the midpoint of which it passes.
soto zen	The Caodong school of Chan Buddhism was founded in China the 9th century
priory	A monastic community headed by a prior or prioress.
pictura	(Latin) painting; many of the extant examples of Roman painting are frescoes, that is painting on wall plaster; however, there is evidence that informs us that painting was also done on wood, ivory and other materials.
gahambar	Gahambars are the six periodic festivals marking the seasonal divisions of the year for Zoroastrians.
metonym	an allusion to a subject through the representation of something related to it or a part of it.
ner tamid	the everburning light which is set above the Holy Ark and symbolises the eternal presence of God.
doric	see Order.
kyrie eleison	See Song of Praise; also, BCP, 324, 356 or 389ff.
pound scots	Scottish unit of currency, worth 1s
shaft	The vertical structural member which is the main support of a column or pier
siliyik	A Chumash sacred area found within a village
rebus	the representation of words and syllables by pictures or symbols, the names of which sound the same as the intended words or syllables.
ground plan	a plan of the ground floor of a building, seen from above (as distinguished from an elevation).
collation	doing a critical comparison of two manuscripts in order to identify the differences and drawing inferences.
postament	(a) a pedestal or base; (b) a frame of molding for a relief.
readings	The lessons that are read during a worship service.
philippi	a city in Macedonia established by Philip of Macedon during the 4th century BCE; this city was the site of a famous battle in 42 BCE between Octavian and Antony on one side and Brutus and Cassius on the other; Octavian and Antony were triumphant and Brutus killed himself soon thereafter.
oculus	a round opening in a wall or at the apex of a dome.
corbel	Block of stone projecting from a wall, usually to support a beam, or some other feature.
tenement	A block of dwellings usually built to provide high density housing at low cost; generally refers to buildings of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
maiden	one of the aspects of the Threefold Goddess
tile	The tiles used at the mission were made on the premises from clay shaped over log molds, and then fired in a kiln.
network	A series of social ties that can be important sources of information, contacts, and assistance for its members.
syro-hexapla	The Syriac translation of Origen's Hexapla.
groin vault	the ceiling configuration formed by the intersection of two barrel vaults.
deshut	Literally ‘Red Land’ referring to the desert and cliff lands.
sabellianism	God is one being, one person, who successively takes on three different forms or manifestations (from Sabelius, 3rd
sexagesima	Latin; sixtieth day
mouling	relief ornamentation.
benedictine	plan of a church in which the apse and the chapels are parallel.
prosa	Latin: prose
idealism	an approach to philosophical enquiry
lama	Lama, the Tibetan term meaning "superior" refers especially to those of superior spiritual attainment
text criticism	A study of the various manuscripts and fragments of the biblical text, with a goal towards creating a text closest to the original.
ashkenazic	Ashkenazic is an adjective used to refer to the Jewish culture which developed in Germany and Eastern Europe (called Ashkenaz) in contradistinction to Sephardic Judaism, which has its distinctive roots in Spain and the Mediterranean
affectlessness	a state of experiencing no emotion at all during situations that evoke stress
cire perdue	Lost wax: a bronze-casting technique of filling the space between the core and the mould after the core's wax coating has been melted away.
objective knowledge	An area of knowledge that refers to that type of information that is considered factual.
octave	the eighth day, or the period of eight days counting inclusively, that followed a liturgical festival.
sigla	An abbreviation assigned to manuscripts in order to catalogue them.
band	Basic unit of social organization among foragers
problem of textual basis	the particular version of the original text that is chosen as the one to be translated
asymmetrical	characterized by asymmetry, or lack of balance, in the arrangement of parts or components.
abhaya	see mudrā.
rite of peace	See Kiss of Peace and Pax.
hunting and gathering society	A society in which people acquire food by hunting game and gathering edible plants.
goddess	(1) A female deity
monolithic	Made of one stone.
picture stone	in Viking art, an upright boulder with images incised on it.
mortuary	a customary levy, claimed by the priest, on the estate of a deceased parishioner.
canon	A general term for an authoritative set of sacred texts (Smith and Green 1995: 179).
chor bishop	In the Maronite rite and the Greek Orthodox Church an auxiliary bishop may be called a chor bishop
high mass	The principal Mass of the day, generally celebrated solemnly with elaborate ceremonial and music; hence, Missa solemnis or Missa solemniter.
taboo	Set apart as sacred and off-limits to ordinary people; prohibition backed by supernatural sanctions.
texture	the visual or tactile surface quality of an object.
pastoral	Of or relating to shepherds or herders
flamboyant	The Flamboyant style of church architecture is a later style of French Gothic architecture, and is analogous to the English Gothic Decorated style; it is characterized by an increased use of decoration.
tessera	a small piece of colored glass, marble, or stone used in a mosaic.
witch	practitioner of witchcraft
gallery	the second story of a church, placed over the side aisles and below the clerestory.
macro level research	Investigation of large-scale social interactions including social institutions, making cross-cultural comparisons, and studying the effects of global issues.
evensong	the title of the evening worship service in the BCP; frequently applied to Evening Prayer when it is sung.
curtain	A connecting wall between towers.
slype	passage.
gargoyle	Like corbels and bosses, gargoyles are projecting features in Gothic architecture
pandit	A pandit is a teacher, a scholar, a learned person.
installation	a three-dimensional environment or ensemble of objects, presented as a work of art.
septuagesima	Latin: seventieth day
schools	Specific institutions expressly designed to teach individuals through professional instruction.
vellum	a cream-colored, smooth surface for painting or writing, prepared from calfskin.
tablighi jama'at	Tablighi Jama'at means literally, "the group that invites." It is an apolitical missionary movement of Muslims, based in India, with a worldwide membership of millions
remonstrate	to protest or object
role	A set of norms, values, and personality characteristics expected of a person based on the setting he or she is in.
cuneiform	A type of script that has wedge-shaped characters.
ba	The soul, represented as having the face of the deceased and body of a bird.
parapsychology	A research discipline that investigates scientifically evidence of the paranormal, espectially in controlled laboratory conditions.
organic	having the quality of living matter.
objet trouvé	see found object.
anger	the emotion we feel when we are distressed about the outcomes of our interactions with others and perceive the problem as being the fault of the other person instead of ourselves
colonialism	The tendency for a powerful country to invade a weaker country in order to exploit its resources by making it a colony.
rhyton	an ancient drinking vessel usually shaped like an animal or part of an animal (typically, the head).
matrilocal	residence after marriage in association with the wife's mother's relatives.
black-figure	describing a style of Greek pottery painting of the sixth century B.C., in which the decoration is black on a red background.
folk	Of the people; originally coined for European peasants; refers to the art, music, and lore of ordinary people, as contrasted with the "high" art or "classic" art of the European elites.
underdistanced	adjective describing experiences that evoke emotions so powerfully that they overwhelm
roshi	Definition pending.
asistencia	A sub-mission having residents, converted Indians, but no resident missionary.
international mahavir jain mission	The International Mahavir Jain Mission is an organization founded by Acharya Sushil Kumar in 1975 to facilitate communication among Jain centers around the world
bloom	A mass or bar of iron or steel in an intermediate stage of manufacture
protreptic	Exhortatory literature
triforium	The triforium is a galleried arcade at the second floor level, even with the aisle roof, above the nave and below the clerestory
gente de razon	Literally, educated people
baby boomers	An extraordinarily large cohort born in the United States during the period of time following World War II and lasting 15 years.
convento	The padre's residence in the mission complex.
red letter days	Important feast-days indicated in the Calendar by the use of red (rather than black) ink.
reform judaism	A form of Judaism that arose in Europe and the United States in the 19th century as a Jewish response to modernity
ridge rib	See rib vault
shrine	a reliquary, a sacred image of special importance or a holy place, especially one connected with pilgrimage
altar cloth	A long piece of white linen that covers the top of the altar and hangs down the sides almost to the floor
economy	The functional arrangement of elements within a structure of system.
nicho	A recess designed to hold a statue
revetment	A facing of stone or timber in a rampart to stop it collapsing or eroding.
risky behavior	Used in a sexual sense, it implies behavior or actions that may be sincere and seemingly innocent but by design send signals that may be misinterpreted by others.
canopic jars	Stored the internal organs of someone who was mummified
glazing bars	Wooden or metal bars separating and supporting glazed panels.
caduceus	the symbol of a herald or physician, consisting of a staff with two snakes twined around it and two wings at the top.
cline	A gradual shift in gene frequencies between neighboring populations.
orthogonal	Relating to or composed of right angles
string course	A projecting band or moulding set horizontally in a wall.
supreme being	a supernatural entity who is believed to have greater power than all other supernatural beings combined
semantics	A language's meaning system.
tribune	an upper storey over an aisle, opening on to the nave; also called a gallery
mindfulness	Mindfulness or vipassana is a form of Theravada Buddhist meditation practice, directing one's full attention to the workings of the mind and body, developing "mindfulness" of the contents of consciousness
union flag	Union Jack, the national ensign of the United Kingdom, formed by the union of the crosses of St George, St Andrew and St Patrick.
morphology	A branch of linguistics which studies the units of language and how they work together to form meaning (how morphemes work together).
archaeometry	a branch of archaeology that dates objects through the use of various techniques such as amino-acid and radiocarbon dating.
rubicund	reddish; ruddy
collocation	a noticeable pattern or patterns in word arrangement or other linguistic elements.
gender roles	Sex roles that are learned and reinforced through associated behaviors and attitudes with the help of socializing agents such as family, schools, peers, media, politics, and religion.
mandapa	a northern-style Hindu temple's assembly hall.
aggression	acts or threats designed to cause injury.
svadhyaya	Svadhyaya means self-study
squint	A hole through a pier or wall so that the high altar could be seen from a place where otherwise the view would be blocked.
blind arcade	(Arcading) Applies to the surface of a wall decorated by columns and arches, usually in relief
menhir	a prehistoric monolith standing alone or grouped with other stones.
star of david	The Star of David is the six-pointed star known as the "shield of David" which has become emblematic of the Jewish tradition and community.
frater	Monastic refectory or dining hall.
dreidel	A four-sided top that Jewish children use to play a game during the holiday of Hanukah.
plate	(a) in engraving and etching, a flat piece of metal into which the image to be printed is cut; (b) in photography, a sheet of glass, metal, etc., coated with a light-sensitive emulsion.
mysticism	a sense of timeless and spaceless union or oneness with the divine that is accompanied by profoundly positive feelings
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/	Term: AbleismThe practices and dominant attitudes in society that devalue and limit the potential of persons with disabilities; set of practices and beliefs that assign inferior value (worth) to people who have developmental, emotional, physical or psychiatric disabilities.Tags: Ability, DiscriminationSource: http://stopableism.org/what.asp
book of illuminations	alternate name for what is traditionally called Book of Shadows
dorter	a monastic dormitory.
vaulting springer	the supporting masonry for the base of a vaulting rib
tsubaki grand shrine	Tsubaki Grand Shrine is located in Japan's Mie prefecture, 300 miles west of Tokyo
sexton	One who is in charge of a church building or grounds; the head of maintenance and custodial services.
prayer to saint michael	Requiem Aeternam
syntax	The way words are put together to form clauses or sentences.
poverty level	An estimate set by the federal government of the minimum income that a family of four needs to survive.
mishnah	The code of Jewish law edited by Rabbi Judah, the prince in the 2nd century
sister exchange	a shorthand label for a marriage system in which men of different descent groups exchange women who are sometimes their own sisters or daughters and sometimes parallel cousins or the daughters of parallel cousins.
stylite	an ascetic who lived on top of a pillar.
yin	in Taoism, the passive, female, negative principle
phonetics	study of the production, transmission, and reception of sounds in speech.
sala	Formal reception room; an area in the mission used to receive guests and visitors.
bhūmi	the stacked ridges the horizontally segment a northern-style Hindu temple's shikhara.
atole	A maize (cornmeal) gruel or porridge.
emic	The research strategy that focuses on native explanations and criteria of significance.
terminus technicus	A technical term that has a specialized meaning within a certain discipline
pelekys	a double axe.
lagar	A wine, olive, or apple press.
buttress	A projection from a wall to help support particular loads especially side thrusts from roofs.
nave	The main body of the church in which the congregation sits during worship services
amorin	See Putto.
power elite	A term coined by C
impost	a projecting moulding supporting an arch
oenochoe	an ancient Greek wine jug.
hare krishna	Definition pending.
peristyle	a colonnade surrounding a structure; in Roman houses, the courtyard surrounded by columns.
finial	a formal pointed ornament on top of a canopy, gable etc
barrel vault	a semicylindrical vault, with parallel abutments and an identical cross section throughout, covering an oblong space.
protome	a representation of the head and neck of an animal, often used as an architectural feature.
curia	Definition goes here.
entrance song/music	The song/music which takes place during the entrance procession.
golden temple	From 1581 to 1603 Guru Arjan, the fifth Sikh Guru, oversaw construction of the Darbar Sahib, the great gurdwara at Amritsar
illness	A condition of poor health perceived or felt by an individual.
ideology	A set of values that people devise to rationalize a particular social custom.
aura	an energy field surrounding all living things
seigneurial	lordly, pertaining to a feudal lord.
solo-piece	projecting base for roof trusses, etc., at the level of the wall-top.Soul-scot - a mortuary, or offering made to the priest on behalf of a deceased parishioner.
incised relief	see sunken relief.
nobility	The highest stratum of the estate system of stratification
behaviorism	A theory that argues that pattern behavior is not biologically determined, but learned.
mediation	dispute settlement through negotiation assisted by an unbiased third party.
taboos	religious rules that forbid acts because they bring people in contact with mana
white collar	Middle-class workers; so called because of the tendency of middle-class men to wear white shirts to work.
pattern	Refers to a regular and systematic repetition of the same behavior(s) not occurring by chance.
government	The institution responsible for making and enforcing the rules of society and for regulating relations with other societies.
moulding	a continuous ornamental band around a shaft, column, capital etc
barrel vault	The barrel, tunnel, or Roman vault is the simplest form of a vault, consisting of continuous semicircular sections, and resembling half section of a pipe cut lengthwise.
markets	systems that exchange goods and services using all-purpose money as a standard measure of relative value
conformists	According to Merton’s theory of goals and means, those who accept cultural goals and the institutionalized means of achieving them.
stu	VWXYZ
ionic	An order of architecture, often called the 'feminine' order
nishi honganji	Definition pending.
compline	the last service of the day, being the final canonical hour, about 9 p.m.
vorlage	This is German for 'forward position'
period	a designated length of time in history.
quatrefoil	a very common Gothic architectural ornament in which four arcs are divided by cusps, rather in the form of a four.
true pure land buddhism	Definition pending.
chan master	Definition pending.
deputy	An official church or diocesan delegate to a meeting; a deputy may be clerical or lay.
minorite	a Friar Minor or Franciscan.
bifurcate collateral kinship terminology	Kinship terminology employing separate terms for M, F, MB, MZ, FB, and FZ.
euthanasia	An action or an omission which, of itself or by intention, causes the death of handicapped, sick, or dying persons sometimes with an attempt to justify the act as a means of eliminating suffering
antithetical parallelism	Parallelism in general is pervasive in Hebrew poetry
personification	A rhetorical figure of speech in which inanimate objects or abstractions are endowed with human qualities.
ringwork	A type of circular earthwork consisting of rampart and external ditch broken by an entrance
pictograph	a written symbol derived from a representational image.
eisegesis	This term denotes interpretation of the Bible that has been put into by the interpreter
promise keepers	The Promise Keepers is a conservative Christian movement founded by former University of Colorado football coach, Bill McCartney
composition	the arrangement of formal elements in a work of art.
tunnel vault	continous vault of semicircular cross-section; also called barrel vault
unitarian universalist association	The Unitarian Universalist Association came into being in 1961 through the union of two communities of faith: the Unitarians who stressed the oneness of God and the Universalists who insisted on universal salvation
corinthian	An order of Classical architecture featuring capitals surrounded by leaf shapes.
personal space	The area immediately around one’s body that one can claim as one’s own.
language	A shared system of symbols used in verbal and written communication.
escopeta	A short carbine carried by most Spanish soldiers.
stained glass	windows composed of pieces of colored glass held in place by strips of lead.
daoist meditation	There are two interrelated forms of Daoist meditation
machicolations	These openings project out from the tops of walls in medieval castles and manor houses, just below the battlements
basilica	A Roman Catholic Church of special historical and religious importance.
ridvan	The Feast of Ridvan celebrates the declaration by Baha'u'llah that he was a messenger of God, an event which took place between April 21 and May 2, 1863
proposition	makes a claim about some domain of inquiry
elevation	Memorial Acclamation / Mystery of faith
madonna	term for representation of the Virgin Mary in art, usually with the infant Jesus.
gregorian	Associated with Pope Gregory I (c
morning prayer	A morning worship service without communion; now this service has generally been replaced by a eucharistic or communion service.
epitaph	(Literally -on a tomb) Inscription on a tomb or attached plate (eg
colonnette	a small, slender column, usually grouped with others to form cluster piers.
intinction	Koinonia
songkran	Definition pending.
boss	A projecting carved section in a vault or ceiling, found where two or more supports meet
norman	Style of architecture developed by the Normans which flourished in England after the Norman conquest to about 1200.
isometric projection	an architectural diagram combining a ground plan of a building with a view from an exterior point above and slightly to one side.
brain	Brain: physicalization of the mental faculty
terminus a quo	Latin for 'limit from which.' The earliest limiting point of time
fasli calendar	The Fasli calendar is one of the three religious calendars observed by Zoroastrians; it is most often followed by Irani Zoroastrians
maior	Latin: greater
executive council	The Presiding Bishop's version of an executive committee, consisting of appointed friends and the elected president of each province.
marginalised groups	These groups are generally not covered by legislation but are discriminated against for a range of reasons which can have a negative impact on health
inclusive language	The attempt to find forms of religious expression which are not seen as biased in favor of either sex
baisakhi	Baisakhi is held on the first day of the lunar month of Baisakh, which falls in the month of April
lectio divina	"sacred reading," i.e., the reading of the Scriptures and the Fathers prescribed by the Rule of St
lierne	purely decorative extra vaulting ribs joining the structural ribs to form a net-like pattern
straight/heterosexual	A person whose primary sexual, and/or emotional, spiritual, and intellectual attraction is to a person of the opposite sex and who defines as straight.
citadel	a fortress or other fortified area placed in an elevated or commanding position.
inclusive language	The attempt to find forms of religious expression which are not biased in favor of a particualr gender group
linguistics	The study of language.
slavery	A system of stratification in which one person owns another, usually for economic gain.
gouache	an opaque, water-soluble painting medium.
kohl	A cosmetic preparation, such as powdered antimony sulfide, used to darken the rims of the eyelids
grace	a free gift of God to human beings, grace is a created sharing in the life of God
rustication	Masonry prepared in such a way that it gives a rough and rugged surface, cut in large blocks; often used at the base of a wall.
expositio evangelii	Latin: exposition of the Gospel; a commentary on a Gospel passage, on some days part of the readings at Matins.
k.t.l	Stands for και τα λοιπα, which is Greek for
omniscient	All-knowing.
advowson	the right of nominating or presenting a clergyman to a vacant living.
pagan	a follower of an Earth-Based religion
alb	The basic liturgical vestment worn by the ministers at the Holy Eucharist. It is a white linen gown, closed at the throat and hanging to the ankles, with close sleeves.
morality rate	A measure of the number of deaths per 1000 people within a specific age group.
darbar sahib	Definition pending.
historie	German for 'history'
kabbalah	occult theosophy of rabbinical origin; magical system including the Tree of Life and gemetria; also Cabala, Cabbala, Kabala or Qabbalah)
sunken relief	a style of relief sculpture in which the image is recessed into the surface.
surreptitious	done in a secret or clandestine manner
springer	the point at which an arch unites with its pier, wall.
arroyo	A brook rivulet or small stream.
matrilocality	Customary residence with the wife's relatives after marriage, so that children grow up in their mother's community.
beltain	Sabbat held on May 1st; also known as May Day, May Eve, Rood Day, Roodmas, and Walpurgisnacht
fetch	a name of one’s astral body
sequence	a short hymn-like choral sequence performed in the mass on certain feast days
elevation	A face, front or façade of a building
visitation	An official appearance by a diocesan bishop
perpendicular	Historical division of English Gothic architecture covering the period from c1335-1350 to c1530
alma redemptoris mater	Angelus
laozi	It is unknown whether a historical Laozi ever existed
tufa	a porous, volcanic rock that hardens on exposure to air, used as a building material.
icon	A religious sacred image
engaged column	a column, decorative in purpose, that is attached to a supporting wall.
inclusion	The act of creating environments in which any individual or group can be and feel welcomed, respected, supported, and valued to fully participate
samaya vows	Definition pending.
dolmen	a prehistoric structure consisting of two or more megaliths capped with a horizontal slab.
manuscript	a written work transcribed by hand
seqenenre tao ii	At the end of the 17th Dynasty he started the campaign to expel the Hyksos from Egypt.
babli	The Babylonian Talmud.
centering	the temporary wooden framework used in the construction of arches, vaults, and domes.
chief steward	Oversaw provisions in the royal household
victimless crime	Crimes in which laws are violated but there is no identifiable victim.
piscina	a small stone wash-basin with a drain hole where to wash the sacred vessels
peplos	a long cloak or robe; for an example, see Toledo 1956.70 (image).
edition	a batch of prints made from a single plate or print form.
naturalistic thinking	thinking that distinguishes carefully between the human experience of internal objects and events and the experience of external phenomena and that explains internal phenomena in terms of biological processes and external phenomena in terms of other external phenomena
mausoleum	A monumental building or chamber usually intended for the burial of the dead of members one family.
rhetorical criticism	Rhetoric was an important aspect of the ancient world, it is the art of persuasion
senior warden	The chairman of the vestry; the lay person who heads the governing board of the local church.
columbarium	A series of niches, as in a wall or other structure, for the repose of cremated remains.
cylinder seal	Cylinder of stone, gem or baked clay engraved with a design which made an impression when rolled over wet clay
century guild	Organization to promote the Arts and Crafts Movement, set up in 1882 by WH Mackmurdo, HP Horne and S Image.
white-ground	describing a style of Greek pottery painting of the fifth century B.C., in which the decoration is usually black on a white background.
sister	Any woman religious, in popular speech
entrada	Entrance.
gülen movement	Definition pending.
speech and lashon ha-ra	For information about pronouncing the Name of G-d, see The Name of G-d.
trumeau	vertical architectural member between the leaves of a doorway
façade	the front or "face" of a building.
sanctuary lamp or light	See Sacrament Lamp.
tracery	decorative openwork on the upper parts of a Gothic window
decorated	Term applied to style of English Gothic architecture c
religion	A unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred ideology.
crone	one of the aspects of the Threefold Goddess
bat mitzvah	Bat mitzvah means, literally, daughter of the commandment: a Jewish girl who has achieved the age of 12 and is consequently obligated to observe the commandments
fray	Member of a mendicant (begging) order, such as the Franciscans
articles of faith	Those revealed truths which have a specific and proper identity, yet are broad enough to include other revealed truths so as to form a unified body of Christian doctrine.
linguistic anthropology	The descriptive, comparative, and historical study of language and of linguistic similarities and differences in time, space, and society.
tomol	Plank canoe made by the Chumash Indians.
comfortable words	See BCP, 332.
scriptorium	Room in which scribes did their writing and copying of manuscripts.
vu-lan	Definition pending.
benedictine order	monastic order founded by St
frieze	(a) the central section of the entablature in the Classical Orders; (b) any horizontal decorative band.
yuvakendra	A Yuvakendra is a center or program for young people affiliated with a Hindu temple.
piety values	rules that govern the behavior of people toward the supernatural itself.
koinonia	Greek for 'fellowship'
plinth	(a) in Classical architecture, a square slab immediately below the circular base of a column; (b) a square block serving as a base for a statue, vase, etc.
spacer	a small peg or ball used to separate metal, pottery, or glass objects from other objects during processes such as casting, firing, and mold-blowing.
arcade	A row of arches on columns or piers; where attached to a wall instead of free-standing it is a blind arcade.
surplice	A loose, flowing vestment of white fabric with wide sleeves
seminarian	A student in a seminary; a student in residence in a school of theology.
palimpsest	A manuscript that has been erased and written over.
civil religion	the shared religious beliefs and values that cross-cut denominational boundaries in complex societies
artisan	A skilled manual worker or craftsman
air	one of the four magical elements
piasa	representation of supernatural which combines characteristics of different animals, e.g
medium	(a) the material with which an artist works (e.g., watercolor on paper); (b) the liquid substance in which pigment is suspended, such as oil or water.
pateti	Pateti is a Parsi Zoroastrian new year's observance in which one assesses one's actions of the previous year and repents for any bad thoughts, words, or deeds.
fast days	Special days set aside for abstinence
socialism	An economic system in which the government (the people as a collective) owns all or most of the property
proportion	the relation of one part to another, and of parts to the whole, with respect to size, height, and width.
bochasanwasi swaminarayan sanstha	Bochasanwasi Swaminarayan Sanstha is a worldwide organization under the leadership of Shri Pramukh Swami Maharaj
porch	a projecting, entrance enclosing the portal and its trumeau
solar	Upper living room in a medieval building.
survey research	Characteristic research procedure among social scientists other than anthropologists
rayograph	an image made by placing an object directly on light-sensitive paper, using a technique developed by Man Ray.
pediment	In classical architecture
lekythos	an ancient Greek vessel with a long, narrow neck, used primarily for pouring oil.
worthy	‘I am not worthy that you should enter under my roof
collectar	A book, or section of a book, in which collects are found.
labor power	A term used by Karl Marx to describe the aggregate of mental and physical capabilities which workers use to create products.
synoptic gospels	Matthew, Mark and Luke
ceramics	(a) the art of making objects from clay or other substances (such as enamel and porcelain) that require firing at high temperatures; (b) the objects themselves.
britannica	- Link and Endnote Search -
perpendicular	The Perpendicular style of church architecture is an English variation of Gothic architecture popularized in the 14th-15th centuries, and characterized by vertical tracery in large windows with regular horizontal divisions resulting in rows of panels
glossolalia	Glossolalia is used to refer to the phenomenon of speaking in tongues.
quern	A basalt-stone appliance used for rolling grains into flour, consisting of a metate and a maw
hyperbole	An Exaggeration
vernacular	Vernacular architecture is the term used to indicate that the architecture is local to the region in which it is found and generated by the people of that region
arcade	a gallery formed by a series of arches with supporting columns or piers, either freestanding or blind (i.e., attached to a wall).
geometric	(a) based on mathematical shapes such as the circle, square, or rectangle; (b) a style of Greek pottery made between c
module	a unit of measurement on which the proportions of a building or work of art are based.
capitulum	Chapter.
balance and integration	Balance and Integration: balance is harmony, a state in which various elements form a harmonious whole and nothing is out of proportion or unduly emphasized at the expense of the rest
abutment	the part of a building intended to receive and counteract the thrust, or pressure, exerted by vaults and arches.
yoga	A term meaning "union," specifically referring to union with the divine
aristocracy	A hereditary ruling class; nobility
processional	Pertaining to the procession
emotions	I mean the modifications of the body, whereby
synchronic	Dealing with phenomena, especially of language, as it existed in a particular moment in time, without regard for its evolution up to or beyond that point.
figura serpentinata	a snakelike twisting of the body, typical of Mannerist art.
capitular	of or pertaining to an ecclesiastical chapter.
hidalgo	Member of Spain's lowest-ranking nobility.
qigong	According to modern Daoist practitioners, the goal of qigong is to enhance a person's health by maintaining the proper balance of qi (vital energy) and enhancing its free circulation throughout the body
q	R
pileus or cap	the distinctive head-dress of doctors, round or square
iconography	the analysis of works of art through the study of the meanings of symbols and images in the context of the contemporary culture.
sabbats	the eight holy days based on the seasons
analogous hues	hues containing a common color, though in different proportions.
representative democracy	A government in which citizens elect or appoint others to make decisions for them.
spoiled identity	Goffman’s term for an identity that has been permanently ruined because of a severe stigma.
fan vault	This is a complex and ornate type of vault consisting of fan-shaped half cones which meet at the centre of a vault.
feria	An ordinary, non-festal weekday; hence, ferial.
pediment	The triangular shape that usually sits on the top of columns on a temple or building’s front
teutonic order	military order founded in the Holy land after the Third Crusade
compline	An evening service to end the day; although the service is an old Christian usage, it has only recently been added to the Prayerbook of the Episcopal Church.
modern	The term modern may just be used in the sense of 'new' or 'innovative'
kinesics	The study of communication through body movements, stances, gestures, and facial expressions.
commoners	The lowest stratum of the estate system of stratification, composed of the masses of people who spent their lives engaged in hard physical labor.
gargoyle	a spout usually carved in the shape of an animal or demon, and connected to a gutter for throwing rain water away from the foot of the wall
divining	Divining or divination is the ancient and pervasive practice of attempting to discern hidden dimensions of present situations or future course of events through sacred techniques, such as casting cowry shells or reading tarot cards.
hermaphrodite	A person with a combination of male and female internal and external genitalia.
voussoir	Wedge-shaped stone used in an arch.
interdiction	An ecclesiastical penalty barring those punished from certain sacred rites.
paje	An Indian house-servant for the mission fathers
curtilage	A small court, yard, or piece of ground attached to a dwelling-house, and forming one enclosure with it.
syncretism	blending traits from two different cultures to form a new trait
tao te ching	The Taoist text that was allegedly written by Lao Tzu.
liturgical movement	Missale Romanum
aquatint	a print from a metal plate on which certain areas have been "stopped out" to prevent the action of the acid.
base	part of a pedestal for a dial, it stands on the plinth and supports the column.
procurement	Procurement can be defined as the responsibility for obtaining (whether by purchasing, lease, hire or other legal means) the services, equipment, materials or supplies required by an organisation so it can effectively meet its business objectives.
arrow slits	Found in medieval buildings, these narrow openings are often in a cross shape, enabling archers to fire arrows in a number of directions whilst being protected
scotch baronial	A style of architecture deployed in Scotland in the nineteenth century that mimics the grandeur of early French baronial castles, with turrets, gun loops and massive walls
dyspepsia	indigestion; discomfort caused by digesting food
engaged column	A column which is built into the masonry of a wall, with about half of the diameter of the column projecting
hebdomadarius	Latin: weekly
bahá'í holy days	Definition pending.
sexton	An older English title for the person in charge of the church building, or a special portion of it, and grounds; in America the Sexton is also commonly head of maintenance and custodial services and may perform additional duties such as ringing the church bell.
orientation	the compass alignment of the church
dhyāna	see mudrā.
maundy	See Washing of Feet; also, BCP, 274.
pseudepigrapha	The term pseudepigrapha is used properly when referring to the literary aspect of false attribution to an author in order to inject a sense of authority to a writing
granthi	The granthi is the custodian of the book (granth)
http://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1100100013785/1304467449155	Term: Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act (AODA)Legislation that establishes the accessibility standards for each of information and communications, employment and transportation.Tags: Legislation, AbilitySource: http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/html/source/regs/english/2011/elaws_src_regs_r11191_e.htm
classical	Classical architecture refers to the building styles of Ancient Rome and Ancient Greece
putti	carved or painted naked children representation (Renaissance style)
vizier	The chief advisers to the Pharaoh, one for Upper Egypt and one for Lower Egypt.
innovators	According to Robert Merton’s theory of goals and means, those who accept cultural goals but reject the institutional means of achieving them.
ge hong	Ge Hong (c.283-363 CE) was a Daoist alchemist that took the stance that a perfect alignment with the Way results in a person's attaining immortality
celtic	Definition pending.
padrón	A mission register of neophyte families which was like a census.
troper	a book containg tropes for the use of the choir at mass or divine office; after around the 12th century, a book containing sequences
text	The Gospel book
cylinder seal	a small cylinder of stone or other material engraved in intaglio on its outer surface and used (especially in Mesopotamia) to roll an impression on wet clay.
halloween	Definition pending.
deviance	The violation of a norm.
normative communitas	communitas in which the experience of undifferentiated loyalty to others and equality of comradeship is incorporated into a lasting social system by its being organized into periodic ritual events.
group	Two or more people who interact over time, have a sense of identity or belonging, and have norms that nonmembers do not have.
questionnaire	Form (usually printed) used by sociologists to obtain comparable information from respondents
parsi	Parsis are Zoroastrians originally from the Iranian region of Pars who came to India, having fled religious persecution in Iran
ecclesia	Among the many decorative features commonly found within Christian churches are symbols or allegories representing various persons or concepts
root metaphors	symbols that order conceptual experience by serving as points of reference for conceptual experience
longitudinal section	an architectural diagram giving an inside view of a building intersected by a vertical plane from front to back.
dharma realm	Definition pending.
haggadic	Haggadah is the ancient Jewish teaching and lore that surrounded the interpretation of the non-legal parts of the OT.
nativity	Birth, especially the birth of Christ
garderobe	Individual lavatory or privy.
once-born	non-Wiccan (derogatory)
novice	a member of a monastic community under training who has not yet taken vows.
chiaroscuro	the subtle gradation of light and shadow used to create the effect of threedimensionality.
immanent	cause is an "indwelling cause," one that is
bhagavad-gita	Bhagavad-Gita: one of the most profound teachings to come out of the Eastern world
ipsissima vox	Latin for 'the very voice'
absolutism	the position that in a particular domain of thought, all statements in that domain are either absolutely true or absolutely false: none is true for some cultures or eras while false for other cultures or eras
adversarial world view	of fundamentalist religions is one in which history is perceived as guided by a conflict between the forces of good and evil
vaulting	a roof constructed in the form of a arched bays
haru matsuri	Important indigenous Japanese festivals (matsuri) are held in the spring (haru) and autumn (aki), the most crucial times of the agricultural cycle
leo	the fifth sign of the zodiac ruling from July 23 -August 21; a Fire sign ruled by the Sun
patronymic	a name inherited from a paternal ancestor.
ego	The part of the subconscious that Freud believed regulates and balances the needs of the id and superego.
baroque	From about 1855 Baroque was the accepted term for 17th century art and design
hypodescent	Rule that automatically places the children of a union or mating between members of different socioeconomic groups in the less-privileged group.
general convention	The national triennial meeting of the Episcopal Church; parishes send "deputies" or official representatives to General Convention.
kipa	The headcovering worn by religious
base	(a) that on which something rests; (b) the lowest part of a wall or column considered as a separate architectural feature.
foolscap	a sheet of writing paper
enramada	Temporary brush shelter.
cuera	Protective several-ply leather jacket, usually sleeveless and of thigh length.
vellum	Very thin calf skin used as a writing material, as a cover for precious books or to face surfaces within buildings.
bi-location	Bi-location: a form of projecting one’s consciousness where one maintains the consciousness of being in two places simultaneously.
distribution	Nunc dimittis
self realization fellowship	Definition pending.
renegade	outlaw; traitor
oobe	See out-of-body experience.
jewish	Definition pending.
lierne	See rib vault
sutra	A sutra is a text containing religious teachings
wafer	The bread part of the Lord's Supper; often an unleavened, thin cracker; sometimes the wafer is imprinted with a cross; some wafers are large, being several inches in diameter.
astrology	Belief and practice of determining the influence of stars (Smith and Green 1995: 85).
burr	in etching, the rough ridge left projecting above the surface of an engraved plate where the design has been incised.
aurality	The listening aspect of ancient culture
tridentine	Of Trent, i.e
obelisk	a tall, four-sided stone, usually monolithic, that tapers toward the top and is capped by a pyramidion.
respect	To feel or show consideration for yourself or someone else.
steel-frame construction	see skeletal construction.
oligopoly	A situation that exists when a few firms dominate the world market for a particular product.
assessor	a person with special expertise to evaluate, usually assisting or consulting a judge
cable moulding	Moulding imitating twisted cord.
machtkunst	art used in the service of a military or other authority; literally, "power art" in German.
pier	A vertical support, similar in function and design to the column, but generally square or rectangular in cross section
crenellations	Another term for battlements, but used to describe decorative battlements
generational kinship terminology	Kinship terminology with only two terms for the parental generation, one designating M, MZ, and FZ and the other designating F, FB, and MB.
support person	In relation to a person with a disability, another person who accompanies the person with a disability in order to help with communication, mobility, personal care or medical needs or with access to goods, services or facilities.
easter eve	See Great Vigil of Easter.
absolute monarchy	A political system under which a king or queen has complete control of a country.
lintel	horizontal beam or stone bridging a fireplace, doorway, etc.
gesso	Plaster of Paris or gypsum prepared for use in painting or sculpture.
semantics	The study of meanings of words.
judicial review	The right of the judicial branch to strike down an act of Congress if, in the opinion of the court, it conflicts with the Constitution.
cormorant	an aquatic bird having a dark plumage, along neck and body and a slender hooked beak
theotokos	A Greek term meaning God-bearer, or Mother of God, a central title for the Virgin Mary.
art deco	Fashionable in the 1920s and 1930s, this style delights in strong outline, geometry, bold colours, industrial materials and a liking for the exotic
rama	Rama is the virtuous king and hero of the Hindu epic Ramayana
fourfold interpretation	This was a popular method of interpretation, especially in the early Church Fathers
mestizo	Mixed-blood of European and Indian ancestry.
arch-brace	curved timbers inserted to strengthen other members in a roof.
reliquary	Sealed metal and glass receptacle for displaying sacred objects.
versicles	short verses, often taken from the Psalter, usually recited antiphonally between the officiant and the people.
capital	the (often heavily decorated) cap or crown above the shaft of a column on which the arch rests
pinched	plaited.
interfaith worker justice	Definition pending.
death rate	The number of deaths per 1000 people per year.
lower egypt	The northern area of Egypt mainly around the Nile Delta and its tributaries.
institutional racism	Those established laws, customs, and practices, which systematically reflect and produce racial inequalities in society, no matter what individual intentions are.
content	the themes or ideas in a work of art, as distinct from its form.
stylus	a pointed instrument used in antiquity for writing on clay, wax, papyrus, and parchment; a pointed metal instrument used to scratch an image on the plate used to produce an etching.
indentured servitude	A system of stratification in which an individual agrees to sell his or her body or labor to another for a specified period of time.
peripatetic	founded by Aristotle, the Peripatetic school was where he taught philosophy to his students; this school is famously parodied in Aristophanes’ The Clouds.
spire	a tall pyramidal, polygonal or conical structure arising from a tower
buon fresco	see fresco.
covenant	A solemn, binding agreement between human beings or between God and a human being involving mutual commitments or guarantees (CCC 56, 62, 66).
apocalypse	Catastrophic end-times battle between good and evil, in which good will triumph over evil
pilaster	shallow pier attached to a wall.
anaphora	The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of several successive verses, clauses, or paragraphs
negotiation	the use of direct argument and compromise by the parties to a dispute to arrive at a mutually satisfactory agreement.
crescent	The crescent or new moon (hilal), marking the beginning of a new lunar month in the Islamic calendar, became a prevalent symbol of Islam after the Mamluk rulers first used it to decorate mosques in 14th century Cairo.
axonometric projection	the depiction on a single plane of a three-dimensional object by placing it at an angle to the picture plane so that three faces are visible.
consternation	a state of shock and disappointment
felicitous	suitable and pleasing to the occasion
crime against property	The theft of property or certain forms of damage against the property of another person.
phoneme	the smallest unit of sound that does not alter the meaning of words in which it occurs.
mandatum	Latin: commandment
islamic jurisprudence	Definition pending.
rule	Code of behaviour by which a religious community is regulated (e.g
portal	A gate or doorway.
lintel	the flat top of a doorway
coucher	a large book (hence "coucher-book", a large cartulary).
dharma heir	Definition pending.
ethnarch	A governor appointed over a province or nation.
earth	on of the four magical elements
apparatus	Notes that accompany a text, which give you info on variant readings, etc.
alb	The white garment covering one's street clothes.
mullions	A window feature, mullions are the thin stone supports found in medieval and Tudor buildings that divide up the glass panels and help support the structure above.
runes	symbols, early alphabets
incense	The "smell" element in "Smells & Bells;" a fragrant [and now usually hpyo-allergenic] powder burned in a small dish or pot; used during the service or in the processions in recollection of one of the three gifts of the Wisemen to the Christ Child; a mixture of perfumed spices, burned on the coals in the thurible, and used as a sign of prayer, honor, and solemnity at liturgical functions.
phat-dam	Definition pending.
spindle	A rod or pin, tapered at the ends, on which fibers are spun by hand into thread and then wound
multinational corporation	A firm that owns and manages economic units in two or more countries.
perpendicular	An English Gothic architectural style, dating from c
fenestration	The arrangement of windows in a building.
lamelek jar	A narrow necked, wide shouldered ceramic storage jar significant for seal impressions found on the handles in which appears the early Hebrew word lmlk, meaning "belonging to the king"
bliss	Bliss: that which is even beyond joy, Spiritual ecstasy
microsociology	Sociological analysis focused on social interaction between individuals.
linear perspective	a mathematical system devised during the Renaissance to create the illusion of depth in a two-dimensional image, through the use of straight lines converging toward a vanishing point in the distance.
ur-theodotion	A hypothetical revision of the Old Greek that probably served as the basis for Theodotion's work
norman	term applied to the style of architecture which flourished in England from about 1050 to about 1200.
hieroglyphs	A system of writing, such as that of ancient Egypt, in which pictorial symbols are used to represent meaning or sounds or a combination of meaning and sound
bracket	Small supporting piece of stone, etc, to carry a projecting horizontal member
core-forming	A method of glass-making where molten glass is wound around a clay core
lavatory / lavatorium	Trough where monks washed hands before meals.
haplography	This is a scribal textual error where the same word or letter ends two lines that are close together
chroma	see intensity.
tabun	A small domed clay oven used for baking bread
afro-caribbean religions	Afro-Caribbean religions include a wide range of religious traditions that have roots in Africa, came to the islands of the Caribbean with African captives, and developed distinctive forms in this new environment: Santería or the Lucumi tradition in Cuba, Shango in Trinidad, Obeah and Myalism in Jamaica, and Vodou in Haiti.
anarthrous	Lacks the definite article (the); in the Greek language, emphasizes character or nature.
parapet	(a) a wall or rampart to protect soldiers; (b) a low wall or railing built for the safety of people at the edge of a balcony, roof, or other steep place.
the orders	The name for the five different types of architectural styles in Classical architecture
oligarchy	The rule of the many by the few.
bell tower / belfry	The bell tower is the tower where the church bells are installed (the bell chamber) and worked (the ringing chamber)
respond	Half-pier bonded into a wall and carrying one end of an arch.
genitor	Biological father of a child.
american dream	The belief that all Americans, regardless of the conditions of their birth, have an equal chance to achieve success.
neume	Greek: sign; (1) notational sign in plainsong, originally marked above a syllable or word; (2) an extended phrase or group of notes sung to a single syllable, normally at the end of a melody (e.g
buttress	projecting mass of masonry, giving additional support to a wall.
mazer	a bowl or drinking-cup.
troper	a book of tropes, being the phrases or sentences added by a choir to embellish the mass.
interreligious	Definition pending.
appropriation	the formal transfer to a monastic house of the tithes and other endowments of a parish church, agreed usually in return for the promise to keep a vicar on the proceeds.
volubility	fluency of speech
romanticize	to glamorize or portray in a romantic, as opposed to a realistic, manner.
khalsa	Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru, created the Khalsa, the "alliance of the pure" in 1699
immortality	The quality of the spiritual human soul whereby it survives the death of the body and remains in existence without end, to be reunited with the body at the final resurrection (366).
acculturation	The voluntary adoption of the norms, values and lifestyle of the dominant culture.
common interest groups	associations that are formally recognized with a name and social organization, but are not based on age, kinship, marriage, or territory.
tribhanga	in Buddhist art, the "three bends posture," in which the head, chest, and lower portion of the body are angled instead of being aligned vertically.
norm	rule or standard
quem quaeritis	Latin: whom do you seek [in the sepulchre]?; the opening of the dramatic dialogue on Easter Day.
mullions	horizontal or vertical stone piers dividing a window into two or more 'lights' (or parts) (see also 'mouchette')
transverse rib	a rib in a vault that crosses the nave or aisle at right angles to the axis of the building.
bible	The Greek term biblia means the "books." Bible is used in both the Jewish and Christian traditions to refer to the book which gathers together their sacred writings
aggregate	A collection of people who happen to be at the same place at the same time but have no other connection to one another.
amphitheater	an oval or circular space surrounded by rising tiers of seats, as used by the ancient Greeks and Romans for plays and other spectacles.
house of deputies	As the lay and presbyter delegates to a general convention sitting as a legislative body.
spanish colonial style	See: Mission Style.
hui neng	Definition pending.
church of england	The name of the Episcopal Church in England.
functionalism	a philosophy of design (in architecture, for example) holding that form should be consistent with material, structure, and use.
bust	a sculptural or pictorial representation of the upper part of the human figure, including the head and neck (and sometimes part of the shoulders and chest).
reciprocity	One of the three principles of exchange; governs exchange between social equals; major exchange mode in band and tribal societies.
transubstantiation	The notion that, when the communion wafers and wine are blessed and placed in the mouth of the person taking them, these objects actually change into the body and blood of Jesus
arab	An ethnic distinction; Arabs are historically from the Arabian Peninsula, the largely desert region that is today the modern states of Saudi Arabia, Oman, Yemen and others
troper	A book, or section of an Antiphonal, Cantatory, or Missal, including tropes and Sequences.
palladianism	The Venetian architect Andrea Palladio was regarded by many early eighteenth-century architects and patrons as the authority in architecture
spandrel	an architectural term for the space between the shoulder of an arch and the surrounding rectangular brickwork
roman vault	See Barrel Vault.
frieze	A feature of Classical architecture, principally found in between the cornice and the architrave
westwork	From the German westwerk, the westwork is an entrance area at the western end of church, usually composed of a ground floor entrance porch with an upper storey, and attached to a tower or flanked by a pair of towers
pronaos	the vestibule of a Greek temple in front of the cella or naos.
honorary degree	A kind of degree awarded by a university to honor worthy candidates; honorary degrees are awarded in recognition of work done by the recipient, but not for academic work; academic work is recognized by what are called "earned" degrees or degrees-in-course.
alacrity	liveliness; eagerness
prayers of the people	See BCP, 328, 359, and 383ff.
bay	A vertical division, usually marked by vertical shafts or supporting columns.
meter	A recurring rhythm in writing, especially poetry
circumjacent	bordering on every side
entablature	the portion of a Classical architectural Order above the capital of a column.
cenotaph	A monument built to honor people whose remains are buried elsewhere elsewhere.
agora	the open space in an ancient Greek town used as a marketplace or for general meetings.
hour	A term used to identify one of the Office services since each was celebrated at a fixed time of day (e.g
ebdomadarius	see Hebdomadarius.
family promise/interfaith hospitality network	Definition pending.
lintel	A flat horizontal member which spans the space between two columns or other supports
creole	a person of mixed Spanish and Black African or French and Black African ancestry.
pseudepigrapha	A collection of Jewish and Christian books written from the third century BCE to the sixth century CE
tracery	Fine decorative carving in either wood or stone found in the design of windows, vaults, screens and panels.
pews	Long, single, and usually permanent seats in the nave of a church building.
aquebajulus	a holy-water clerk.
ijma	A term referring to the agreement of Muslim scholars on the interpretation of legal questions
canon	(1) an ecclesiastical statute; (2) a man in Holy Orders bound by ecclesiastical statutes
balustrade	a series of balusters, or upright pillars, supporting a rail (as along the edge of a balcony or bridge).
chado	Definition pending.
saturation	see intensity.
conjecture	a guess or conclusion based on incomplete evidence
palaver	idle chatter; flattery
institutionalized means	Legitimate, socially approved ways that societies offer their members to achieve culturally approved goals.
bay	Section of a building between columns or buttresses.
magnificat	The Song of Mary
codex	sheets of parchment or vellum bound together—the precursor of the modern book.
deviant subculture	A way of living that differs from the dominant culture, in which members share a particular form of deviance.
valise	a small suitcase
postcommunion	Benedicamus Domino
green magic	low magic, magic focusing on the physical
metaphor	A figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them (merriam-webster definition).
sanctorale	The portion of the Calendar and of liturgical books with material related to the observance of dated feast-days, mostly of Saints; sometimes referred to as the Proper of the Saints
threefold goddess	Maiden, Mother and Crone; goddess with three changing faces
chants	the use of speech-like nonsense syllables rather than meaningful speech produced in musical form
culture myths	accounts of the exploits of heroes, demigods, and other supernatural beings in a time past when the human way of life was being implanted
textual variant	A place where manuscripts disagree in their reading
providentissimus deus	An encyclical letter of Pope Leo XIII (Nov.18, 1893) urging a deeper study of Sacred Scripture in view of attacks by natural scientists and rationalists.
lesson and carols	Popular name of the Festival of Lessons and Carols.
syncretism	an amalgamation or incorporation of traditional and introduced alien culture traits. In Southern Mexico and Guatemala, the Maya Indian combination of mutually exclusive indigenous religious and European Christian beliefs to create a new composite religion is an example. Syncretism is often a psychologically more satisfying alternative to rapid acculturation that totally replaces indigenous cultural beliefs and customs since one's own cultural identity is maintained.
charge of the goddess	well-known piece of poetry by Doreen Valiente
greek revival	Italian Renaissance architects revived Roman architecture only
cancer	fourth sign of the zodiac, ruling from June 22 – July 22; a Water sign ruled by the Moon
sex	A biological distinction referring to whether a person is female, male or intersex.
luminism	an American nineteenth-century art style emphasizing the effect of light on landcape.
spur	claw-looking ornament (emerging from the torus) carved on the angles of the square base of a pillar
whitsun	An English alternative to Pentecost; hence, Whitsunday and Whitsuntide.
wesak	Definition pending.
black canons	a common name for
patina	(a) the colored surface, often green, that forms on bronze and copper either naturally (as a result of oxidation) or artificially (through treatment with acid); (b) in general, the surface appearance of old objects.
boss	decorative knob, usually covering the intersection of vaulting ribs.
gradual	a book of antiphons.
tithe	the tenth part of produce from the land and of other income, collected to support a parish priest and maintain his services
quatrefoil	A pattern used in masonry and wood, similar to the shape of a four-leafed clover, comprising of four curves joined together
hmong	An indigenous people of Southeast Asia.
bourgeoisie	Karl Marx’s term for the owners of the means of production—factories, businesses, and equipment needed to produce wealth.
gospel	one of the first four books of the New Testament, which recounts the life of Christ.
ashlar	Carefully dressed masonry.
gothic	general term used to describe the style of architecture which flourished in western Europe from the twelfth to the sixteenth centuries.
mongrel	of mixed breed or character (derogatory)
perpendicular	A style of English Gothic architecture current between c
ungainly	clumsy; unattractive
slip	in ceramics, a mixture of clay and water used (a) as a decorative finish or (b) to attach different parts of an object (e.g., handles to the body of a vessel).
diffinitors	a term used by the Cistercians and the Dominicans for those members of the general chapter who drafted legislation and steered the assembly.
voussoir	one of the individual, wedge-shaped blocks of stone that make up an arch.
systematic survey	Information gathered on patterns of settlement over a large area; provides a regional perspective on the archaeological record.
springer	The bottommost pair of voussoirs, located directly above the springline
crossfigill	an ascetic exercise practiced by Celtic monks, which involved standing in prayer for long periods with the arms outstretched in the form of a cross.
won buddhism	Won Buddhism is a form of Buddhism founded by the Korean Sot'aesan Pak Chungbin (1891-1943) in 1924 in response to the doctrinal and institutional challenges presented to Korean Buddhism by its Neo-Confucian critics and Christian missionaries
bal vihar	A Bal Vihar or Bal Vikas is a program or center for the religious education of Hindu children.
terminus ad quem	Latin for 'limit to which'
attic	in Classical architecture, a low story placed above the main entablature.
durga puja	Definition pending.
commissary	an officer representing the bishop in a part of his diocese and exercising jurisdiction there in his name.
wine	The beverage portion of communion symbolizing the blood of Christ; equivalent to the grape juice used in some protestant churches
english renaissance	The progressive Renaissance architecture of Italy was out of bounds to most English artists and patrons
conception	The union of an egg and a sperm resulting in the formation of a new life; the beginning of life.
n	National school
tanakh	An acronym for the Hebrew Bible
cultural relativism	The attitude that in order to understand the traits of another culture, one must view them within the context of that culture.
the praise of folly	"A stinging attack on corruption in the Church and a passionate plea for reform" written by Erasmus of Rotterdam (1469-1536).
amice	a square of white linen, folded diagonally, worn by the celebrant priest, on the head or about the neck and shoulders.
rite ii	A portion of the Book of Common Prayer containing worship services that use more modern language incorporated into the 1979 edition; describes a service using that form of worship.
meenakshi	The Hind
quadragesima	literally "the fortieth": the Latin term for Lent, a period of approximately forty days (in fact forty-six days) before Easter.
mural	a painting on a wall, usually on a large scale and in fresco.
thrust	the lateral force exerted by an arch, dome, or vault, which must be counteracted by some form of buttressing.
talisman	object marked with magical signs, used for protection or to attract beneficial energy
om	The sacred syllable Om, also Aum, is regarded as the supreme mantra, the seed and source of all wisdom
venite	See Invitatory,, also, BCP, 44, 82 or 146.
mezzotint	a method of engraving by burnishing parts of a roughened surface to produce an effect of light and shade.
fair linen	See Altar Cloth.
besom	a magical broom
podium	(a) the masonry forming the base of a temple; (b) a raised platform or pedestal.
parchment	a paperlike material made from bleached and stretched animal hides, used in the Middle Ages for manuscripts.
vigas	Ceiling beams, used as the primary support for the roof of a building.
sagittarius	the ninth sign of the zodiac ruling from November 23 – December 22; a Fire sign ruled by the planet Jupiter
corridor	A long walkway or gallery around the inner patio
kundalini yoga	Kundalini is a powerful spiritual energy, understood to be concentrated at the base of the spine like a coiled serpent
yankee dollars	Cured cattle hides.
print matrix	an image-bearing surface to which ink is applied before a print is taken from it.
florilegia	an anthology, especially one of patristic texts; such collections were widely used by medieval theologians.
painterly	in painting, using the quality of color and texture, rather than line, to define form.
dismissal	Ite missa est
narthex	In church architecture, the narthex is an enclosed space at the entry end of the nave of a building; the area in the church building inside the doors and in front of the nave
cure	cure of souls; the spiritual charge of parishioners (hence "curate").
happening	an event in which artists give an unrehearsed performance, sometimes with the participation of the audience.
mullion	A vertical member in between the lights in a window opening.
gothic revival	An artistic movement dating from the eighteenth century onwards
economy	The institution responsible for the production and distribution of goods and services.
solar	upper living-room in a medieval house.
calinche	A drink made from the fruit of the prickly pear or tuna cactus.
lay-brothers' dorter	Dormitory for lay-brothers.
finial	a small decorative element at the top of an architectural member such as a gable or pinnacle, or of a smaller object such as a bronze vessel.
temple of understanding	Definition pending.
addorsed	A description of two figures placed symmetrically back to back.
feminization of poverty	The phrase that describes the increasing number of female-headed households living at or below the poverty level.
half-column	see engaged column.
polynices	(see entry (3) in Perseus Encyclopedia) son of Oedipus and Jocasta; cursed by his father never to live in peace with his brother, Eteocles; the two brothers killed one another.
shoah	Definition pending.
bay	division of a building, usually by piers, buttresses, fenestration, or vaulting.
capitular	(hall) a place where religious people met up to listen to a reading of a chapter of the gospel.
motet	A polyphonic setting of a text without a specific liturgical place; used to replace prescribed liturgical texts from at least the sixteenth century onwards.
cantarists	? female proffesional singer?
literalist interpretation	Seeks the 'plain sense' of the text, often used to describe the hermeneutics of 'Fundamentalists'
spandrel	triangular surface area between the apexes of two arches.
relief	A sculpted or moulded design which stands out from a flat surface.
stylobate	the top step of a stereobate, forming a foundation for a column, peristyle, temple, or other structure.
obit	a memorial mass celebrated annually on the mind-day of a deceased person, usually the anniversary of his death.
bay	Sections into which the nave of a church is divided, generally by columns or pillars
reader-response criticism	A hermeneutic which focuses on the meaning which the modern or past reader (but not the original reader) injects into the text based on their own context
augustinian	Follower of the Rule of St Augustine of Hippo
balaji	Definition pending.
tonsure	monastic hairstyle: shaving the top of the head and leaving a ring of hair around the side, indicated that a young man had received clerical status.
the lord's supper	The celebration of the Holy Eucharist.
trilithon	an ancient monument consisting of two vertical megaliths supporting a third as a lintel.
grief	the emotion experienced when we play our roles in a way that brings less honor than we believe those in the same kind of relationships normally receive, the longing for comfort from others that comes when they show us love, respect, and esteem.
dome	a vaulted (frequently hemispherical) roof or ceiling, erected on a circular base, which may be envisaged as the result of rotating an arch through 180 degrees about a central axis.
trope	A figure of speech.
decussis	the Latin numeral ten (X).
wadi	A Wadi is a dry river bed in a desert that is wet only during the rainy season.
pogrom	Pogrom, from the Russian word for "devastation," refers to the attacks, riots and rampages against Jewish communities, especially in Eastern Europe and Russia.
novice	Definition pending.
capitalism	An economic system founded by Adam Smith whose central features are private property, profit, and competition. Private property means that all (or almost all) property, from land to the means of production (industry), is owned privately by individuals
watercolor	(a) paint made of pigments suspended in water; (b) a painting executed in this medium.
deir el bahri	The site of Hatshepsut’s mortuary temple
fixing	the use of a chemical process to make an image (a photograph, for example) more permanent.
formalism	the doctrine or practice of strict adherence to stylized shapes or other external forms.
rama navami	Rama Navami is the annual festival celebrating the birth of Rama and his marriage to Sita
pyre	a pile of wood or other combustible materials on which a body is burned in a cremation ritual; for an example, see Louvre G 197 (image).
filiation	a monastic organization that made each monastery responsible for supervising its daughter foundations; a group of abbeys linked in this way to a common mother-house; a system developed by the Cistercians.
maranatha	Aramaic for 'Our Lord Come!'
missa capitalis	see Chapter Mass.
travertine	a hard limestone used as a building material by the Etruscans and Romans.
placebo	Latin: I will please
cultural consultants	Subjects in ethnographic research; people the ethnographer gets to know in the field, who teach him or her about their culture.
chogye order	The major order in Korean Buddhism, the Chogye order was formed in the late twelfth century by the unification of the Nine Mountains Schools of Chan (Zen)
stratigraphy	The archaeological study of the layers (strata) of ancient remains (tells or khirbets) which show the materials used in each layer, which shows the technological progression\regression through the history of the site.
redactor	An editor.
lantern	the structure crowning a dome or tower, often used to admit light to the interior.
transfiguration	The mysterious event in which Jesus, seen speaking with Moses and Elijah on the mountain, was transformed in appearance in the sight of Peter, James, and John as a moment of disclosure of his divine glory.
fermentation	A breakdown of a substance by yeasts and bacteria, especially of sugar in making alcohol
sarsen	a large sandstone block used in prehistoric monuments.
theologate	An institution which provides the last four years of study for candidates for the priesthood.
king james	Name generally used in the U.S
affinals	Relatives by marriage, whether of lineals (e.g., son's wife) or collaterals (e.g., sister's husband).
catena	From Latin meaning 'chain', it refers to a group of exegetical comments from ancient writers
uraeus	a stylized representation of an asp, often included on the headdress of ancient rulers.
crocket	leaf-shaped decoration added to pinnacles, gables, capitals, etc.
trental	The thirty days after a person's death, often marked by special liturgical observance (e.g
and with your spirit	This is a literal translation of the Latin, Et cum spiritu tuo
parataxis	the joining of independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction.
thurible	The container in which incense is burned.
monism	is the belief that all phenomena are manifestations of a single principle.
phos hilaron	See Invitatory; also BCP, 64, 112, & 118.
section drawing	An architectural drawing showing its structure as if cut through vertically.
lancet	slender window with pointed arch.
rose window	a large, circular window with heavily foliated tracery radiating from the centre
regula fidei	Latin for 'rule of faith'
socioeconomic status	A calculation based on a complex formula that takes into account education, occupation, and income.
gradual	(1) the choral chant sung after the first reading at Mass; (2) the book containing all the choral chants for the Proper of the Mass
predella	(Also sometimes called a footpace) The raised area or platform on which some Altars or Holy Tables stand
kylix	an ancient Greek drinking cup with a wide, shallow bowl.
melanesia	one of the three principle divisions of Oceania; it includes the islands of the Pacific, Northeast of Australia including New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, and Fiji
chakras	seven energy points within the body
toldah	Biblical geneologies.
web	in Gothic architecture, the portion of a ribbed vault between the ribs.
pecusa	Initials of the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States of America
lapis lazuli	a semiprecious blue stone; used to prepare the blue pigment known as ultramarine.
obelisk	A tapering pillar of square section at the top and ending pyramidally.
sculpture in the round	freestanding sculptural figures carved or modeled in three dimensions.
ontology	The study of being.
impost block	a block between a capital of a column and the springing of an arch.
positive sanction	A socially constructed expression of approval.
hymn	A hymn is a poem or other metrical composition adapted for singing in a church service
fire	one of the four magical elements
amphictyony	A tribal league that organized itself around one religious center, sometimes to defend it
terrorism	A politically motivated violent attack on civilians by an individual or group.
subdeacon	Until the thirteenth century, the most senior of the Minor Orders; thereafter the most junior of the Holy Orders.
prorsa postverta	Roman goddess of women in labor.
castellated	having turrets and battlements like a castle
banish	to drive away or release a spirit or energy
altar	A sacred table of wood or stone on which Mass is celebrated; it is specially consecrated at five points (where there are crosses) and often contains relics in a sealed cavity
asphaltum	Naturally occurring gluey tar used by the Chumash for waterproofing canoes and baskets.
denomination	A larger religious organization or structure to which a congregation may be a member
kanuga conference center	An Episcopal educational retreat and conference center in western North Carolina near Hendersonville; it offers classes, programs, and notable speakers throughout the year
bodega	A cellar, wine cellar or wine vault.
inka	Inka means "public seal." In the Japanese Zen and Korean Son traditions, it refers to the certification that a student has successfully mastered gongan (koan) practice.
discrimination	When an individual acts upon his/her prejudice by denying rights and benefits to others.
sexual dimorphism	Marked differences in male and female biology, besides the contrasts in breasts and genitals, and temperament.
qumran	Site of the caves where the Dead Sea Scrolls were discovered, just northwest of the Dead Sea in the West Bank.
gongfu	Gongfu is the Chinese term for martial arts
modeling	The attempt to imitate behavior of others.
society of jesus	Definition pending.
ashlar	Finely worked stone, with a smooth finish
abortion	Deliberate termination of pregnancy by killing the unborn child
collar-beam	horizontal beam tying two rafters together above the level of the wall-top.
khirbet	A khirbet is an archaeological term for a small hill which covers the remains of a once occupied site
vault	The stone covering of a building
beit midrash	A beit midrash is a Jewish house of study and discussion; in ancient times it was a school of higher learning.
rituals	stereotyped sequences of behaviors that are associated with particular emotions
colonnade	A row of columns creating a sheltered area.
sculptured wall motif	the conception of a building as a massive block of stone with openings and spaces carved out of it.
green revolution	Agricultural development based on chemical fertilizers, pesticides, 20th-century cultivation techniques, and new crop varieties such as IR-8 ("miracle rice").
symbol	Something, verbal or nonverbal, that arbitrarily and by convention stands for something else, with which it has no necessary or natural connection.
feast days	Days of celebration, as opposed to fast days
boastful	Boastful: partaking in superiority complex because of underlying inferiority
congregationalism	A system of church governance in which the members hold most of the power, such as electing the clergy and making other major decisions
missal stand	The stand (or, in some places, a pillow) upon which the Altar Book rests when in use at the altar.
eostre	Spring Equinox Sabbat
uncial	A TERM USED TO REFER TO MANUSCRIPTS WRITTEN USING ALL CAPITAL LETTERS.
papyrus	(a) a plant found in ancient Egypt and neighboring countries; (b) a paperlike writing material made from the pith of the plant.
sequence	Offertory
novitiate	The period a novice spends in training.
theophoric	Including the name of a god or goddess within a personal name
law	A norm that is written down and enforced by an official agency.
globalization of capitalism	The adoption of capitalism by countries around the world.
ultimate concern	whatever people take seriously without any reservation and which therefore is the source of the meaning of life for them; a set of symbolic forms and acts which relate man to the ultimate condition of his existence
spck	Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge; one of the oldest missionary organizations of the Anglican Church
vodou	Definition pending.
buttress	A buttress is a projecting support or reinforcement built against a wall or tower
intelligence	Our capacity for intellectual and mental achievement.
welfare capitalism	A system that features a market-based economy coupled with an extensive social welfare system that includes free health care and education for all citizens.
atmospheric perspective	see aerial perspective.
lantern	Found on the top of buildings, lanterns are usually windowed, delicate structures designed to let light in to the roof and rooms below
marshal	An official of universities and some religious organizations who organizes processions, seatings, etc.
reverend mr./mrs./ms.	See Mr./Mrs./Ms.
mother	one of the aspects of the Threefold Goddess
scorpio	the eight sign of the zodiac ruling from October 24 – November 22; a Water sign ruled by the planets Mars and Pluto
communion song	The music that is used as the consecrated bread and wine – the Body and Blood of Christ – is distributed to the faithful.
core-periphery	the structural relation between centralized core, often an urban area, and communities on the periphery, usually tribal or rural, resource-based communities.
drypoint	an engraving in which the image is scratched directly into the surface of a metal plate with a pointed instrument.
chant	The vast repertory of monophonic vocal music (ranging from simple formulas to extensive and elaborate melodies) which formed the core of liturgical music in the Middle Ages.
ballflower	decorative motif consisting of three petals enclosing a ball; common in the early fourteenth century.
crossing	In church architecture, the crossing is the main intersection of aisles at the front of the church building
indigenous religions	Traditional religious beliefs and practices found among descendants of peoples who originally inhabited a territory prior to any colonization or settlement from outside Generally used to refer to native religious traditions that are not represented in the major world religions.
impost	Bracket in a wall, often moulded, on which the end of an arch rests.
domestication	The act of training or adapting (an animal or a plant) to live in a human environment and be of use to human beings
organum	A medieval practice in which a second voice (or more) embellished the chant, often (in the tenth and eleventh centuries) moving conjunctly and in parallel motion with the original melody.
steeple	The steeple is that portion of the tower which extends above the height of the church roof, and is usually surmounted by a spire.
rood	A cross erected at the entry to the chancel
voussoir	a wedge-shaped carved stone of an arch
transom	horizontal bar across the lights of a window.
clergy	The middle stratum of the estate system of stratification, composed of Roman Catholic priests.
diptych	a writing tablet or work of art consisting of two panels side by side and connected by hinges.
requiem	A funeral or memorial service
aphorism	A catchy saying or maxim
fresco secco	a variant technique of fresco painting in which the paint is applied to dry plaster; this is often combined with buon fresco, or "true" fresco painting.
taper	A long narrow wax-covered wick that is put into the candle lighter; or, a small candle for use by members of the congregation at vigils and other services; also, any candle.
spirituals	members of the Franciscan order devoted to maintaining the ideals of the founder with respect to money and property
early english	term applied to the style of Gothic architecture which flourished in England from about 1220 to 1280.
our whole lives	Our Whole Lives is a comprehensive sexuality education curriculum for children, teenagers, young adults, and adults developed by the Unitarian Universalist Association and the United Church of Christ for use in congregations and secular settings
body work	Body Work: the term given to designate those healing modalities that focus upon the physical healing work on the physical vehicle.
parish	Another name for a congregation found predominantly in Roman Catholic, Orthodox and Anglican churches (Smith and Green 1995: 829).
key symbols	symbols that are regarded as very important by those in whose culture they are found, inspire strong positive or negative feelings, surrounded by rules such as taboos, found in many different contexts, and surrounded by cultural elaboration such as having many words to refer to them
marges de manoeuvre	French phrase that means, 'room for movement or flexibility'.
sexual orientation	Within the sexual orientation regulations, sexual orientation is defined as: - An orientation towards persons of the same sex (lesbians and gay men) - An orientation towards persons of the opposite sex (heterosexual) - An orientation towards persons of the same sex and opposite sex (bisexual)
martinmas	The Feast of Saint Martin of Tours, November 11.
highlight	in painting, an area of high value color.
franciscan	Member of the Catholic religious order founded by Saint Francis of Assisi in 1209
resocialization	The learning of new norms and values.
keystone	The topmost and central voussoir of an arch
portraiture	the art of making portraits.
vesak	Definition pending.
dean	Originally the title was given to a minor official who served in some supervisory position over ten people
one-point perspective	a perspective system involving a single vanishing point.
yoni	a stylized representation of the female genitalia symbolizing the feminine principle
column	A vertical cylindrical support
synagogue	A building or place of meeting for Jewish worship and religious instruction.
rotunda	a circular building, usually covered by a dome.
golden rule	A (modern) name for the precept in the Sermon on the Mount: Do unto others what you would have them do to you
prime	a liturgical office sung or recited at the first hour of the day, i.e., at sunrise.
cantor	A person who chants or sings; often a solo voice that begins the service
genealogy	a family tree or web of kinship relationships traced through parents and children
keystone	the wedge-shaped stone at the center of an arch, rib, or vault that is inserted last, locking the other stones into place.
interlace	a form of decoration composed of strips or ribbons that are intertwined, usually symmetrically about a longitudinal axis.
muni	Definition pending.
stepped	progressively staggered.
praecentio	(Latin) a prelude set to music.
rosette	circular stylization of a rose.
benedicamus	v
corona	A hanging light formed from one or more (metal) hoops to which lamps or candles are attached.
rite iii	There is no Rite III service in the prayer book, but the alternative forms 1 and 2 (pages 402 -405) have been euphemistically called Rite III since the introduction of the 1979 prayer book
sanctity	Personal holiness.
seminarian	A student enrolled in a seminary.
the three	A term in LXX studies that refers to the later Greek translations of Aquila, Symmachus, and Theodotion.
polychrome	Decorated with several colors.
virtue	An habitual and firm disposition to do the good
iconology	the study of the meaning or content of a larger program to which individual works of art belong.
alferez	Lowest rank of a commissioned officer in the Spanish Army, equivalent in rank to an ensign or second lieutenant.
misericorde	Additional monastic refectory in which special food was permitted.
achromatic	free of color.
amice	A large square or rectangular piece of white cloth with strings attached
tempus	Latin: literally time, but often used to refer to a liturgical period or season.
nationalism	A shared sense of identification that stems from a commitment to a common ideology and shared values.
1928 prayer book	A version of the Episcopal book of worship in use from 1928 to 1979; some services from this prayerbook have been retained in the current prayerbook as "Rite I" services
antiphoner	a choir-book containing the liturgical chants used in singing the canonical hours.
biological anthropology	The study of human biological variation in time and space; includes evolution, genetics, growth and development, and primatology.
jain nun	Definition pending.
fandango	Lively regional Spanish dance and its music.
ethnicity	A sense of cultural and historical identity based on belonging by birth to a distinctive cultural group.
hyksos	Foreign invaders who moved into the Nile Delta and Lower Egypt for around 100 years.
cmswr	Council of Major Superiors of Women Religious
disease	A scientifically identified health threat caused by a bacterium, virus, fungus, parasite, or other pathogen.
lcwr	Leadership Conference of Women Religious
government favoritism	When a government provides subsidies, privileges, support, or favorable sanctions for a select religion or a small group of religions
spolia	materials taken from an earlier building for re-use in a new one.
jamb	The straight side of a door, arch or window.
loggia	a roofed gallery open on one or more sides, often with arches or columns.
rite i	A portion of the Book of Common Prayer which contains worship services using the older, traditional language of the 1928 edition of the prayerbook; sometimes the phrase "Rite One" is used as a derogatory reference to older or more "conservative" Episcopalians: "He is a Rite One type." The liturgies in The Book of Common Prayer that are in traditional language.
nag hammadi	A site in Egypt with a large and important deposit of early coptic texts that are primarily gnostic in origin were discocered
chan	Definition pending.
roman arch	The earliest and simplest form of arch, describing a semi-circle curve.
ard	A scratch plow with a wooden point, clad with either bronze or iron, which could penetrate a soil surface to a depth of a few inches
dowry	in monastic use, a gift of land or an entrance fee, normally extracted by a nunnery as a condition of accepting a new member
humanism	concern for human welfare, dignity and values.
zanja	Spanish name for ditch used for irrigation.
kneeling	A posture signifying reverence or penitence.
belfry	A bell turret set upon a roof or gable (Sometimes known as a Bellcote)
clara muhammad schools	Definition pending.
buttress	an external architectural support that counteracts the lateral thrust of an arch or wall.
art workers guild	Formed in 1884, a group of English artists, architects, designers and craftsmen
fertility rates	A computation of how many births per lifetime the average woman will have.
provenience	origin, derivation; the act of coming from a particular source.
refectory	The dining area in a mission.
sanction	A socially constructed expression of approval or disapproval.
evangelist	A writer of a Gospel, namely Matthew, Mark, Luke, or John.
relics	The physical remains and effects of saints, which are considered worthy of veneration inasmuch as they represent people who are with God.
tell	an archaeological term for a mound composed of the remains of successive settlements in the Near East.
namgyal	Namgyal, which in Tibetan means literally "The Victorious," is the name of the monastery situated in Potala Palace, the winter residence of the Dalai Lama until 1959
repoussé	Decoration on metal that has been hammered from the reverse side so that the design is pushed through in relief.
castas	People of mixed blood, as opposed to Spanish and Indians.
panadero	A baker or bread-maker.
cupola	A small rounded structure built on top of a roof or bell tower.
sagacious	wise
collective unconscious	Jung's term for a non-personal, shared level of the unconscious which contains various universal archetypes.
miniature	a full page or half page painting in a manuscript
good friday	day commemorating the crucifixion and death of Jesus Christ, whose resurrection two days later is celebrated on Easter Day, the zenith of the Christian year
sirah	Sirah means "biography." Sirah literature, including the biography of the Prophet Muhammad and the biographies of his companions and of earlier prophets, is a source of inspiration and moral education for Muslims.
moulding	contoured projection around an arch, window or door
flying buttress	A flying buttress is a buttress built from a separate column and usually forming an arch with the wall it supports
demesne	that part of an estate that a landlord retains in his own hands and exploits directly, as opposed to portions of the estate that are leased to tenants.
secondary group	A group in which there is infrequent or short-term contact, little task orientation, and no emotional intimacy among members.
halo	a circle or disk of golden light surrounding the head of a holy figure.
ankh	Symbol of life
bioenergy	Bioenergy: energy produced from biological sources; renewable energy produced from organic matter.
studium generale	a term of art, which appeared in the 13th century, denoting a school of universal status, used especially of universities
liber usualis	Latin: book of use (best understood in this context as 'useful book')
curia	Latin: court; most often referring to the Papal or Roman Curia, the Pope's court and centre of church administration in Rome.
tithe	Ten percent of one's material wealth.
dictatorship of the proletariat	A Marxian theory describing the political events following a worker revolution
shechina	Shechina is the Jewish term for the divine presence
cowan	non-Wicca or non-Pagan (derogatory) Craft, The – Witchcraft; also Masonic term
chorister	Boy, the junior member of a collegiate foundation, increasingly used for musical duties from the fifteenth century onwards.
flute	a semicircular vertical groove in a pillar.
anagogy	The hidden meaning of a text.
cena	Latin: supper
romanesque	In England this style of architecture is often called Norman
balance	an aesthetically pleasing equilibrium in the combination or arrangement of elements.
democracy	A political system in which citizens periodically choose officials to run their government.
high relief	relief sculpture in which the figures project substantially (e.g., more than half of their natural depth) from the background surface.
tract	sequentia
morpheme	The smallest unit of language that still contains meaning
spindle whorl	A round weight, used to make the spindle revolve more readily and smoothly in spinning with a hand distaflf.
prana	the fullness of life-giving breath that appears to animate some south and southeast Asian sculpture.
pier	architectonic element which is a feature or a support of a wall or a pillar.
longitudinal ridge rib	See rib vault
alta california	The Spanish territory including present day California
lubavitcher	Lubavitchers are members of a branch of Hasidism, a Jewish pietistic movement
formalism	means a number of different things:
cross vault	see groin vault.
sequestrator	the diocesan official appointed to take charge of estates or other property on which dues were owed to the bishop.
sinuosity	having a wavy shape or movement
masoretic text	a version in Hebrew for which copies exist that date to the ninth century A.D.
symbols	objects or events that stand for something else only because humans have established a consensus about what they mean.
vigil	The day before a feast-day (generally beginning after midday).
miracle	A desirable effect believed to be caused by the intervention of a god or gods in worldly matters
ogee	An S-shaped moulding.
chapter	(1) a short reading, most often in the Office and taken from the Bible; (2) a daily meeting of a community (monastic or collegiate) at which a chapter (1) was read (in monasteries, from the Rule of the Order), and at which the business of the community was conducted.
st. luke's cross	The distinctive cross and circle given to graduates of the School of Theology
penstock	sluice for regulating the flow of water through a channel.
stole	The vestment worn around the neck by all ordained ministers
traditionalist catholic	Tra le sollecitudini
cartoon	(a) a full-scale preparatory drawing for a painting; (b) in more modern usage, a comical or satirical drawing.
ar	A mountain.
hermes trismegistus	“Thrice Great Hermes”, alleged teacher the magical system known as Hermetism
tiara	the special headdress of the pope, consisting of a pointed hat encircled by three crowns
rebels	According to Robert Merton’s theory of goals and means, those who reject both cultural goals and the institutionalized means of achieving them, but who replace them with goals and means of their own.
witchcraft	art of spell casting, focusing mainly on low magic
pluralism project	Definition pending.
vaticinium ex eventu	Prophecy or prediction after the event has already happened
sinai covenant	Agreement between God and man on Mount Sinai where the Israelites received The Law, including The Ten Commandments.
polygyny	Marital arrangement where one man is married to two or more women at the same time.
vault	an arched stone roof.
spoon	A utensil used with the boat to place incense on the hot coals in the thurible.
midwall shaft	A shaft dividing a window of two lights, which is placed exactly centrally in the wall.
snatra puja	Snatra Puja, the bathing the image of Mahavira, occurs during Mahavira Jayanti, i.e
intersex	Refers to a person born with genitalia that is deemed to be "ambiguous" or shows characteristics of both sexes
altarpiece	See retable.
proselytize	To bring one to another's viewpoint whether in religion or other areas.
tannaim	The Rabbis from the period of 10 CE to 220 CE.
core	Dominant structural position in the world system; consists of the strongest and most powerful states with advanced systems of production
load-bearing construction	a system of construction in which solid forms are superimposed on one another to form a tapering structure.
gentlemen of june 3	The term "gentlemen of June 3" applies to the bourgeois and landowner parties (Right-wing, Octobrist and Cadet) which won a vast superiority in the Third and Fourth Dumas under the counter-revolutionary electoral law passed by the tsarist government on June 3 (16), 1907
fleur-de-lys	A stylised flower, usually based on the lily and with three petals
summarizing symbols	key symbols that represent in what a system means to the participants generically
rapacious	seizing by force; greedy
lughnasadh	Sabbat held on August 1st
melting pot	Definition pending.
howden	A college of secular priests.
spandrel	The area of wood or stone that lies above an arch or a vault.
neo-paganism	an umbrella term, referring to modern-day practices which aim to revive nature religions, Goddess-worship and/or mystery traditions
writing	a system of symbols that are used to portray language in visual form
state	one of the successive printed stages of a print, distinguished from other stages by the greater or lesser amount of work carried out on the image.
faïence	earthenware or pottery decorated with brightly colored glazes (originally from Faenza, a city in northern Italy).
ancestor worship/cult	one of the oldest forms of religious expression; involving propitiation of dead ancestors who are supposed to be still capable of exerting good and evil; integral to Confuscianism, North American and Polynesia Islander cultures
grotesque	See Gargoyle
laurel	The leaves of the bay-tree used as a symbol of victory.
demotic	Later form of Egyptian cursive script
medallion	Circular or oval framed ornamentation, often containg a portrait in relief
manifest consequences	The intended consequence of an action.
votive office	A single hour of the Office or a group of hours recited in addition to and not as part of the prescribed Office of the day
cursus	Latin: course; a fixed order of liturgical observance (e.g
fiesta	A gathering of people to celebrate an event, such as a Saint's Day, the anniversary of the mission etc
krater	a wide-mouthed bowl for mixing wine and water in ancient Greece.
primary group	A group in which there is frequent face-to-face contact, little task orientation, and emotional intimacy among members.
catechetics	From the Greek meaning "to sound forth," it is the procedure for teaching religion.
bhūmisparsha	see mudrā.
bashar	Bashar: an Extraterrestrial being from a civilization known as the Essassani.
mazdayasni	Mazdayasni literally means a worshipper of Ahura Mazda
coalition	An alliance of people, factions, parties, or nations
relativism	the view that the meaning and value of human beliefs and behaviors have no absolute reference
council	An assembly of representatives from the whole Church called together by the Pope to make decisions.
californios	Native-born Californians of full or partial Hispanic heritage.
pilaster	A rectangular column that projects only slightly from a wall.
tasajo	Spanish term for jerked beef which was used extensively at the missions.
vedanta society	The Vedanta Society is affiliated with the Ramakrishna Order, headquartered at Belur Math in Calcutta
impression management	Goffman’s term for the tendency of individuals to manipulate the impressions that others have of them.
nones	the liturgical office sung or recited at the ninth hour of the day, i.e., about 3 p.m.
euthanasia	An action or an omission which, of itself or by intention, causes the death of a handicapped, sick, or dying person - sometimes with an attempt to justify the act as a means of ending suffering
symmetry	the aesthetic balance that is achieved when parts of an object are arranged about a real or imaginary central line, or axis, so that the parts on one side correspond in some respect (shape, size, color) with those on the other.
catechism	A manual of instruction in the basics of the Christian faith
sfumato	the definition of form by delicate gradations of light and shadow.
dharma teacher	Definition pending.
m	minster
trance	An altered state of consciousness in which the person is relatively unaware of the surroundings.
cañón	Spanish for Canyon
upper egypt	The southern region of Egypt from the Aswan to Memphis.
shrine	A sacred place usually commemorating a holy person or a holy event
lapis lazuli	A blue precious stone with speckles of gold which was imported into Canaan from Badakshan in north-east Afghanistan
commune sanctorum	See Common of Saints.
inlay	to decorate a surface by inserting pieces of a different material (e.g., to inlay a panel with contrasting wood).
epigraphy	The study of ancient inscriptions.
astral projection	The experience of one's soul traveling outside the physical body into unknown realms of the universe
ossuary	A container which held the bones of the dead.
ceramics	Generic term for all types of porcelain and pottery.
early english	Historical division of English Gothic Architecture covering the period from about 1190 to 1250.
proprietary church	a church in private ownership, the property of a landlord or of a monastery-the condition of most rural churches in the early Middle Ages.
litany	a form of prayer which consists of a series of requests to which the people reply with a fixed response such as "hear our prayer."
chariot	A two-wheeled vehicle drawn by horses, used for transportation or in battle
monolith	a large block of stone that is all in one piece (i.e., not composed of smaller blocks), used in megalithic structures.
frater	refectory.
ambrosian	Of St
prodigal	The fault of being wasteful, or recklessly extravagant or spendthrift.
triptych	an altarpiece or painting consisting of one central panel and two wings.
base	An modestly carved element fitted upon which a column, pier, or pillaster is supported
in situ	In its original position.
retjenu	The name for Syria-Palestine
cantor	A singer in church services, which was often a neophyte Indian.
afronted	Description of two figures placed symmetrically face to face.
hazzan	Definition pending.
pestilence	plague; dangerous infectious disease
aggadic	Haggadah is the ancient Jewish teaching and lore that surrounded the interpretation of the non-legal parts of the OT.
rickets	Nutritional disease caused by a shortage of vitamin D; interferes with the absorption of calcium and causes softening and deformation of the bones.
ritualists	According to Robert Merton’s theory of goals and means, those who reject cultural goals but accept the institutionalized means of achieving them.
ugaritic	Ancient cuneiform script
unitarian service committee	The Unitarian Service Committee is the original name for the Unitarian organization established in 1940 as a rescue and relief organization to assist refugees of World War II
corbel table	A series of corbels to carry a parapet or wall plate.
king david	Definition pending.
perspective	the illusion of depth in a twodimensional work of art.
gablet	small gable, often for decoration only.
scopes trial	A 1925 court case in Dayton, Tennessee, in which science teacher John Scopes was accused of violating state law by teaching Darwinian evolution instead of a creationist account
shaft	the trunk of a classical column, between the base and capital
apostasy	The total repudiation of the Christian faith (2089; cf
sanctus	Agnus Dei
gradual	Alleluia or Tract
mullion	vertical bar dividing a window into lights.
megillot	Megillot (singular Megilla) simply means scrolls, but the word commonly refers to the books of Esther, Song of Songs, Ruth, Ecclesiastes, and Lamentations
bon odori	Bon Odori is the traditional outdoor dance performed during the summer Obon festival in Japan—and in America among the Japanese American population.
brain illumination	Brain Illumination: opening and activation of all the brain centers leading to full brain illumination at the Ascended Master level of consciousness; the illumination of the seventy-two areas of the mind.
table tomb	a tomb set above ground level in a box-like structure; also known as a tomb chest
knapped-flint	flint split for walling.
carving	creating an image by removing material from an original material.
healing tao	The Healing Tao organization is the largest Daoist organization in the United States with its network of Healing Tao centers
amice	A linen cloth, square or oblong in shape, with strings attached
squinch	a small single arch, or a series of concentric corbeled arches, set diagonally across the upper inside corner of a square building to facilitate the transition to a round dome or other circular superstructure.
balanced reciprocity	is a direct exchange where the two parties involved seek to arrive at a mutually acceptable price or exchange for goods or services.
agist	v
conflict view of deviance	The view that purports that equality in a capitalist society is an illusion
exemplar	the 'master' copy from which other copies are made.
gravestones	Brasses, effigies and monuments commemorating the burial places of the wealthy were placed inside churches from the Middle Ages; from the 16th century stone tablets laid into the floor became fashionable
minister general	term for the head of the Franciscan order
phaistos	an ancient city on the island of Crete that existed during the Geometric, archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic periods; the site is known for the Minoan palace and surrounding pre-palatial complex located on the site; well-preserved remains from the Geometric and Hellenistic periods were found at Phaistos; the city was destroyed by the neighboring city of Gortyn in the second century BCE; for more on Phaiston and to view images of the ancient city, follow the link below.
ritual	Behavior that is formal, stylized, repetitive, and stereotyped, performed earnestly as a social act; rituals are held at set times and places and have liturgical orders.shaman-A part-time religious practitioner who mediates between ordinary people and supernatural beings and forces.
almonry	place from which alms were dispensed to the poor.
chapter	the daily assembly of a monastic community at which a chapter of the Rule was read, faults were confessed, and business was transacted
adhan	The adhan, also called azan or the call to prayer, is called out by the muezzin five times each day to all Muslims within hearing distance
radiocarbon dating	a method of dating prehistoric objects based on the rate of degeneration of radioactive carbon in organic materials.
cope	a decorated liturgical cape used especially in processions and on solemn occasions.
rood loft	The gallery upon which the rood is supported.
sudreh-pushi	The Zoroastrian initiation ceremony is referred to as a Navjote by Parsis and as Sudreh-Pushi by Iranian Zoroastrians
prime	The first of the Little Hours of the Divine Office (literally the first hour of the day).
diploma	technical term for an elaborate type of charter used in the early Middle Ages to confer land or privileges.
repoussé	in metalwork, decorated with patterns in relief made by hammering on the reverse side.
chimera	In Greek mythology a chimera is a monster with a lion's head, a goat's body and a serpent's tail.
sukkot	Sukkot is a Jewish harvest festival, also known as the festival of "booths." The booth or sukkah is a temporary dwelling in which the faithful take their meals during the festival
acroterion	(Literally- a peak) Plinth for a statue or ornament placed at the apex or ends of a pediment: also loosely and more usually, both the plinths and what stands on them.
education	The institution responsible for preparing young people for a functional place in adult life and for transmitting culture from one generation to the next.
grammar and syntax	the formal structure of a language and the rules for making sentences and phrases.
apron	A raised panel beneath a window or at the base of a wall monument or tablet
david	David was the King of Israel (c
section	a diagrammatic representation of a building intersected by a vertical plane.
plebeian secession	the major tactic of the plebs to exercise their power during the Conflict of Orders; when they wanted to make a strong point, the plebs would leave the city as a group, taking themselves out of public and military service; the first plebeian secession happened in 494 BCE and the last one occurred in 287 BCE.
parodos	side entrance to the theater (image); also, the entrance song of the chorus in tragedy and comedy.
chronology	An arrangement of events in the order in which they occurred
cupola	a small, domed structure crowning a roof or dome, usually added to provide interior lighting.
tierceron	extra vaulting ribs which form a fan shape with the main structural ribs and terminate on a ridge rib
state	An entity possessing the legitimate monopoly over the use of force within its territory.
synthesis	the combination of parts or elements to form a coherent, more complex whole.
label stop	an ornamental boss at the base of a hood mould or arch
reformation	Definition pending.
pillaster	A masonry support aping the form of an engaged column, but which is actually part the masonry of a wall, with about half of its cross section projecting
consecration	act of blessing an object with positive energy
tunic or tunicle	A vestment with ample sleeves worn over an alb or cassock alb of the same liturgical color as the vestments of the celebrant or some other festive color
gold standard	The Gold Standard is the practice of fixing the value of the currencies of different countries against gold
mishna	The Mishna was collected and codified as a collection at around 200 CE
papyrus	Writing material made from the papyrus plant; comparable to modern paper
groin vault	A simple vault produced at the right angle intersection of two barrel vaults
ultimate sacred postulates	assertions that cannot be proved or disproved because they are claims that have no empirical referents in the world of ordinary experience
consecrate	The setting apart of anything for God's service
impluvium	a basin or cistern in the atrium of a Roman house to collect rainwater falling through the compluvium.
crown	a decoration over the top of a vertical dial as an alternative to a pediment.
segmental	in the form of a segment, or divided into segments.
remez	The allegorical meaning of a particular text.
reparation	Making amends for a wrong done or for an offense, especially for sin, which is an offense against God
mausoleum	an elaborate tomb (named for Mausolos, a fourth-century-B.C
dies feria	Latin: ordinary weekday (i.e
folk mass	Communion in which the music is often guitars or other instruments instead of organ music; a term for a less formal communion service which incorporates new songs, spirituals, folk songs, and contemporary poetry as part of the worship service.
cross-quarter days	Definition pending.
candeleros	Candlesticks in Spanish.
communion plate	A metal plate with a long handle
arianism	The teaching of Arius, who was condemned by the Council of Nicaea in AD 325
aumbry	Recess or cupboard to hold sacred vessels for the mass.
tulku	Tulku is the Tibetan term for nirmanakaya, the "Transformation Body of the Buddhas," manifestations of which appear in whatever form necessary to aid others
weeper	a sculptured mourning figure, often shown hooded, set against the side of a tomb-chest.
ecocentrism	centered in the eco-system
pinnacle	A small turret at the upward termination of a buttress, wall or roof, etc.
gloria in excelsis	See Song of Praise; also, BCP, 52, 94, 324, 356.
echinus	in the Doric Order, the rounded molding between the necking and the abacus.
imbolc	Imbolc is the Celtic name for the Neo-Pagan High Holiday celebrated on or near February 2
martin de porres	Definition pending.
convention	A diocesan meeting (usually held annually) to elect officials, propose resolutions, and to pass laws to govern the diocesan body.
tunnel vault	See Barrel Vault.
id	Freud滻 term for the pleasure-seeking part of our subconscious that represents our innate drives.
spectrum model	Wilber's structural-hierarchical model of development.
hijrah	The hijrah was the "emigration" of the Prophet Muhammad from Makkah to Madinah in 622 CE
witch	Definition pending.
cantor	A general term for a solo singer
lingam	a stylized phallic symbol of the masculine cosmic principle
conversi	Lay brothers or sisters in some monastic (especially Cistercian) communities, who undertook most of the manual work.
garrison	A military post, especially one that is permanently established
language	is a distinctively human system of communication that governs the use of spoken symbols
arid	Lacking moisture, especially having insufficient rainfall to support trees or woody plants
synaxis	Greek: assembly
indigenous peoples	The original inhabitants of particular territories; often descendants of tribespeople who live on as culturally distinct colonized peoples, many of whom aspire to autonomy.
crepuscular	descriptive of twilight
sample	A smaller study group chosen to represent a larger population.
rinpoche	In Tibetan Vajrayana Buddhism, rinpoche, meaning "precious jewel," is the honorific title for highly respected lamas (teachers), especially tulkus (enlightened teachers who have consciously taken rebirth for the benefit of others).
archbishop of canterbury	The primate of The Church of England, who is acknowledged as the spiritual, but not governing, head of the Anglican Communion
symbol	Something having cultural significance and thereby the capacity to elicit a meaningful response.
stealing/theft	Unjustly taking and keeping the property of another, against the reasonable will of the owner (2408)
predella	the lower part of an altarpiece, often decorated with small scenes that are related to the subject of the main panel.
mithuna	a loving couple, symbolizing unity, in ancient south Asian art.
canon	An ecclesiastical rule or law adopted by General Convention or by Diocesan Convention
primary color	the pure hues—blue, red, yellow—from which all other colors can in theory be mixed.
florilegium	Latin for 'a gathering of flowers'
good and bad	are subjective terms; things just 'are'—the chain of
scintillate	to sparkle or flash
culture	A term referring to all of the shared knowledge, values, rules of behavior, and the objects that make-up the way of life of a people.
rahim	Rahim was popular name for God among the Muslims of North India.
episcopalian	1
melting pot	A term used to refer to a pluralistic society in which people who originally come from different societies blend together to form a new society.
dana	Dana is a religious gift as well as the quality of liberality or generosity
binah	Binah: one of the ten Sephiroth of the Kabbalistic Tree of Life, associated with Archangel Tzaphkiel
sarum	An abbreviation used extensively in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries to denote Salisbury
unity feast	Definition pending.
stiff leaf	a form of carved decoration for column capitals consisting of foliate motifs projecting from the capital
mastaba	a rectangular burial monument in ancient Egypt.
ailes	Is sick, suffers from illness, a term sometimes used when a business or instution has difficulties, or is poorly managed or organised.
silhouette	the outline of an object, usually filled in with black or some other uniform color.
high priestess/hps	female head of coven; representative of Goddess
chancellor	The legal advisor to a parish or diocese.
aries	the first sign of the zodiac, ruling from March 21 – April 20; a Fire sign ruled by the planet Mars
pope john xxiii	Definition pending.
rubric	The ceremonial and other directions found printed in italics in The Book of Common Prayer
green revolution	the development of high-yielding varieties of seed for crops such as wheat and rice in Third World countries and requiring extensive technology for planting, irrigation, fertilizing, spraying, and harvesting.
corinthian	see Order.
dendrochronology	a science using the annual rings of trees to determine the chronological order and dates of historical events.
gothic	A style of art and architecture, and also a period of culture, usually associated with the Middle Ages, from c
parthenon	the temple of Athena on the Acropolis in Athens; begun in 449 BCE, it was dedicated in 438 but did not finish construction until 432 BCE; a large cult statue by the famous sculptor Phidias was kept in the Parthenon and beautiful friezes decorated the temple.
laetare	Latin: rejoice
ash wednesday	The day of special devotion; the day which marks the beginning of the season of Lent, a period of spiritual discipline, fasting and moderation in preparation for Holy Week and Easter; one of the most important days of the church year
divorce	The claim that the indissoluble marriage bond validly entered into between a man and a woman is broken
āmalka	a finial in the shape of a notched ring (derived from a fruit) atop a northern-style Hindu temple's shikhara.
compline	A monastic evening service used to end the day, and included for the first time in the 1979 prayer book
alabaster	A variety of hard calcite, translucent and sometimes banded
apologist	One who writes or speaks in defense of Christian beliefs and practices.
emancipation	Emancipation refers to the new legal equality, granted to Jewish communities by the modern nation-state following the French Revolution.
carol	A festival hymn, simple in tune, sung during the Christmas Season.
custom	A habitual practice, ceremonial rather than ritual.
decorated	The Decorated style of church architecture is an early (circa 1250-1350) style of English Gothic architecture, developed from the Early English style and is analogous to the French Gothic Flamboyant style; it is characterized by the increased use of decoration
sacristan	A person whose job is to maintain the church building and grounds, as well, in former times, as to ring the bells and to dig the graves in the churchyard. In English customary usage, the word "sacristan" is pronounced (and often spelled) as "sexton."
contrapposto	a stance of the human body in which one leg bears the weight, while the other is relaxed, creating an asymmetry in the hip-shoulder axis.
parson	From the eleventh century English, where there term was a legal one, applying to the parish priest, because in all matters he was the designated "person" to deal with
morpheme	the smallest unit in a language that carries a grammatically distinct meaning.
ethnographic novel	an ethnographic description written as a story that may be about an ethnographer's experience or about some event or problem.
red-figure	describing a style of Greek pottery painting of the sixth or fifth century B.C., in which the decoration is red on a black background.
mathnitha	Aramaic for 'Mishna'
philip v of macedonia	(238-179 BCE) Philip V was a king of Macedonia; he fought in the Social War and the Second Macedonian War; he was beaten in the Battle of Cynoscephalae in Thessaly in 197 BCE; Philip V died in 179 BCE at Amphipolis.
candlebearer	See Torchbearer.
diaper work	Decorative effect on walls achieved with diamond or square patterns
amaterasu omikami	Amaterasu, the "Heavenly Illuminator," is often referred to as the Sun Goddess
church year	See BCP, ]5ff.
flax	A fine, light-colored textile fiber obtained from a plant of the genus Linum
lierne	in a complex rib vault, liernes connect the keystone to the centre of the sides of the quadrilateral made by the vault
yom ha-atzma'ut	Definition pending.
still life	a picture consisting principally of inanimate objects such as fruit, flowers, or pottery.
mevlevi order	Inspired by the 13th century mystical poet Jalal al Din Rumi, the Mevlevi Sufi order originated in Turkey
two-light window	Window consisting of two arch shaped parts divided by a central column
encratite	Greek for 'self-controlled'
toggle pin	An item of jewelry, composed mainly of copper or bronze, used to fasten together garments
order	(1) as in Holy Orders and Minor Orders, above; (2) a group of religious communities conforming to an agreed Rule and ser of customs (e.g
psychological functions	effects of customs on the psychological states of their individual participants
putto	a chubby male infant, often naked and sometimes depicted as a Cupid, popular in Renaissance art.
kiln	an oven used to bake (or fire) clay.
homosexuality	Sexual attraction or orientation toward persons of the same sex and/or sexual acts between persons of the same sex
moorish arch	This style of arch is a Moorish or Islamic variation of the Roman arch
negative sanction	A socially constructed expression of disapproval.
jashan	A Jashan is a Zoroastrian religious observance marking an important occasion or event, whether joyful or melancholy
canonical penance	periods of penitential discipline, usually expressed in days or years, imposed for various sins as set out in the ancient Penitentials.
apsaras	celestial dancers seen in south and southeast Asian religious art.
virgo	the sixth sign of the zodiac ruling from August 22 – September 23; an Earth sign ruled by the planet Mercury
need	for every player, every instrument,
cluniac	relating to the order of Cluny
excommunication	A severe ecclesiastical penalty, resulting from grave crimes against the Catholic religion, imposed by ecclesiastical authority or incurred as a direct result of the commission of an offense
padre	A Roman Catholic priest.
allusion	A veiled or overt reference of one text to another
elevation	vertical stages by which the architecture of a wall is erected.
protome	a depiction of the fore part of an animal's body; for an example, see Philadelphia L-29-40 (image).
rites of passage	Culturally defined activities associated with the transition from one place or stage of life to another.
dialogue	Definition pending.
multivocalic	the quality of having more than one equally appropriate meaning
corbeling	brick or masonry courses, each projecting beyond, and supported by, the one below it; the meeting of two corbels would create an arch or vault.
credo	Sanctus
tectonic	of, or pertaining to, building or construction.
cell	A small chamber or room, often used of the small detached buildings that are found in Celtic monasteries.
corbel	stone projection from a wall, supporting a weight.
siddhartha gautama	Definition pending.
modernity	The term modern may just be used in the sense of 'new' or 'innovative'
pergamum	a large city in Asia Minor (today in Turkey); in 133 BCE, King Attalus III left the territory to Rome in his will; however, this bequest was not popular and Aristonicus led a rebellion of slaves and the poor against Rome; Aristonicus wanted to create a kingdom named “The City of the Sun” that would worship Helios, the sun god; Rome defeated Aristonicus and his rebels and Pergamum became known as the Roman province of Asia.
lection	a passage of Scripture appointed to be read at a liturgical service.
ganesha chaturthi	Ganesha Chaturthi is the year's great festival of Ganesha, celebrated most commonly on the fourth day (chaturthi) of the waning fortnight of the lunar month of August/September
pisces	the twelfth sign of the zodiac ruling from February 20- March 20; a Water sign ruled by the planets Jupiter and Neptune
cassock-alb	A combination of the amice and alb worn in place of cassock and surplice or amice, alb, and cincture
cruciform	cross-shaped (e.g
offertory	Orate fratres
stiff-leaf	foliage ornamentation consisting of many lobed shapes, common in the thirteenth century.
nave	The main body of a church building, where the congregation sits
antefix	Antefix (plural antefixae) is, originally, an upright decoration used to hide the end of a run of roof tiles
canonical criticism	Study of the Bible as a complete work, rather than a set of separate passages or books
espadana	Separate pierced bell-wall such as that found at Mission San Diego or Mission San Gabriel.
ascribed status	A trait or characteristic people possess as a result of the circumstances of birth.
drum	(a) one of the cylindrical blocks of stone from which the shaft of a column is made; (b) the circular or polygonal wall of a building surmounted by a dome or cupola.
naive art	art created by artists with no formal training.
yogoda satsang society	Yogoda Satsang Society was founded in India by Paramahansa Yogananda (1893-1952)
triptych	Painting or carving on three (hinged) panels.
swaminarayan	The Swaminarayan Hindu movement began in early nineteenth century Gujarat with a religious and social reformer named Sahajanand Swami
isis	Protector of the dead
church of england	The official name of the original Church in England, the Anglican Church
archbishop of canterbury	Archbishop of Canterbury The primate of The Church of England, who is acknowledged as the spiritual, but not governing, head of the Anglican Communion
metate	The fixed lower saddle-shaped stone of a quern
pleonastic	To be redundant or wordy
carol	In medieval England a sacred song, normally stanzaic with refrain (burden), either with vernacular or macaronic text; those which survive with music are predominantly scored in two- or three-part polyphony
hatha yoga	Hatha yoga is a form of yoga or spiritual/physical discipline giving special attention to the postures and breathing exercises that release and control the energies of the body
triglyph	in a Doric frieze, the rectangular area between the metopes, decorated with three vertical grooves (glyphs).
hypotaxis	the joining of clauses with a subordinating conjunction.
crypt	from the Greek word «hide»
pew	Wooden bench, especially in an English parish church from the thirteenth century onwards.
romanesque	term applied to the style of architecture which flourished in Europe from the early tenth to the late twelfth century; also called Norman in England.
truss construction	a system of construction in which the architectural members (such as bars and beams) are combined, often in triangles, to form a rigid framework.
mutatis mutandis	This phrase can either be used to mean 'the necessary corrections have been made' or 'Having considered the alternative opinions and differences.'
prayer desk	See: Prie-Dieu
political ecology	a theoretical focus that attempts to understand distributional factors in human interaction with the environment.
lauds	the service of the divine office immediately following Matins
innovation	introducing an object as if it were new.
gurumayi chidvilasananda	Definition pending.
archivolt	A band or moulding that surrrounds an arch
plinth	The projecting base of a wall or column
villa	(a) in antiquity and the Renaissance, a large country house; (b) in modern times, a detached house in the country or suburbs.
patrilocality	Customary residence with the husband's relatives after marriage, so that children grow up in their father's community.
palmettes	a floral leaf pattern; for an example, see Harvard 1925.30.51 (image).
tu b'shevat	Tu B'Shevat, or the Festival of the New Year of Trees, falls on the 15th of the month of Shevat
arch	a curved architectural member, generally consisting of wedge-shaped blocks (voussoirs), which is used to span an opening; it transmits the downward pressure laterally.
emulsion	a light-sensitive chemical coating used to transfer photographic images onto metal plates or other surfaces.
constitutional monarchy	A monarchy in which the reigning member of the royal family is the symbolic head of state but elected officials actually do the governing.
elements	four ancient building blocks of the universe – Earth, Air, Water, Fire
norms	the socially expected behavior patterns or rules for behavior within a society. Norms differ from culture to culture.
vault	an arched structure of masonry forming a ceiling
aggadah	Haggadah is the ancient Jewish teaching and lore that surrounded the interpretation of the non-legal parts of the OT.
milanese	Of Milan (liturgically more often Ambrosian).
economic trinity	The differing manifestations and functions of the three Persons.
urtext	German for 'original text'.
sanctus bell	The actual name for the bell is a "sacring bell," but most refer it as a "sanctus bell" because it is rung at the time of the sanctus.
deforestation	The act of cutting down and clearing away the trees or forests
president's chair	See Sedilia.
none	The last of the Little Hours of the daily Office (literally at the ninth house of the day).
cauldron	pot or kettle, generally used as Goddess symbol
mabon	Fall Equinox Sabbat
plane	a surface on which a straight line joining any two of its points lies on that surface; in general, a flat surface.
commendam	in the late Middle Ages, the practice of granting the headship of a monastic house as a perquisite to a secular clerk or bishop.
gnomen	The metal (or wood) finger on a sun dial.
nation-state	An autonomous political entity; a country like the United States or Canada.
hadith	Hadith is a narrative account or report of Muhammad's deeds and actions
labeling	The identification or stereotyping individuals or groups in a negative light that keeps them from achieving their potential.
canoness	A woman living in community under ecclesiastical authority, most often as a regular canoness bound by a codified Rule.
anxiety	stress experienced as a generalized unpleasant physiological state
chancellor	The spiritual head of a clerical house, order, college, or university; in some dioceses the chancellor is the chief administrative assistant to the bishop.
pluralistic society	A society composed of many different kinds of people.
undercroft	a vaulted room, sometimes underground, below an upper room
beltane	The festival of Beltane is celebrated on or around the first of May
text-immanent	An approach to literary interpretation which give little credence to the author's intent of the work and give priority to the text as it exists on its own and how it has been used and interpreted by readers
haustafel	German for 'Household list'
mnemonic	A literary sound device that aids in memorization
ogee arch	A principal feature of Decorated Gothic architecture, ogee arches are sinuous and curved, and look as if they are made up of two S-shaped sections joining together.
spire	The spire is the tapered conical or pyramidal structure atop a church tower
piece-molding	a complex technique for shaping pottery, metal, or glass objects between an inner core and an outer mold; especially suited to elaborate decoration.
peltast	a foot soldier or infantryman; derived from the word meaning a small, unrimmed shield; for an example, see Harvard 1959.219 (image).
pyx	A small container used for transporting the Host
caryatid	A sculptured female figure used in place of a column or pillar.
shikhara	(literally "mountain peak"), a northernstyle Hindu temple tower surmounting a garbha griha, typically curved inward toward the top, with vertical lobes and horizontal segments (bhūmi), and crowned by āmalaka.
evensong	Sung Evening Prayer (BCP, 6]ff
measured drawing	Unlike a sketch, a measured drawing is a closely observed drawing with a scale attempting to accurately represent the features of a building.
kannon	Definition pending.
lineal kinship terminology	Parental generation kin terminology with four terms: one for M, one for F, one for FB and MB, and one for MZ and FZ.
lokayata	Lokayata is school of philosophical thought that defined itself against Hinduism by emphasizing that matter and sense data derived from it is the only source of knowing and that physical forces were active in the world although not alive.
azusa street revivals	On Azusa Street in Los Angeles was the mission church of black Holiness preacher William J
social class	people having the same rank in a system that differentiates people from high to low.
vaquero	Cowboy, cattle hand.
pagoda	Pagoda was originally the Portuguese term used to refer to Buddhist stupas, or reliquary towers
cultural pluralism	Definition pending.
hieroglyphics	Egyptian writing system in which the signs for words or syllables are pictures
burse	A pocket or envelope of stiff board covered with material of the same liturgical color as the vestments, in which the corporal is kept when not in use on the altar.
perpendicular	term applied to the style of Gothic architecture which flourished in England between about 1340 and about 1530.
rubric	An instruction originally written in red (where the main text was in black).
filigree	Delicate and intricate ornamental work made from gold, silver, or other fine twisted wire
marriage	A covenant or partnership of life between a man and woman, which is ordered to the well-being of the spouses and to the procreation and upbringing of children
united religions initiative	Definition pending.
gospel	Any reading from Matthew, Mark, Luke or John in the New Testament.
armature	(a) a metal framework for a stainedglass window; (b) a fixed, inner framework supporting a sculpture made of a flexible material.
salon	(a) a large reception room in an elegant private house; (b) an officially sponsored exhibition of works of art.
indomitable	not easily conquered or discouraged
slash and burn	cultivation with recurrent clearing and burning of vegetation and planting in the burnt fields
law	the means by which members of a group regulate their conduct and deal with breaches of rules and incompatible interests.
program	the arrangement of a series of images into a coherent whole.
archbishop of canterbury	The presiding bishop of the Church of England; sometimes acknowledged by American Episcopalians as the honorary spiritual head of the entire Anglican communion.
splay	A chamfer, usually on the jamb of a window.
boss	A stone projection or knob, often used to ornament the intersection of ribs in a vault.
daven	Daven is a Yiddish word meaning "to pray"
synoptic gospels	The name used to indicate the first three Gospels: Matthew, Mark, and Luke because they share much of the same source materials
crime	The violation of a written law.
hammer-beam	horizontal beam projecting from the top of a wall to support arch-braces, struts and rafters.
codex	A bound book made up of folded leaves or pages
picture plane	the flat surface of a drawing or painting.
molino	A grist-mill.
venerable	see Archdeacon.
higan	Higan is a week-long Japanese Buddhist festival in which people offer respect to the dead
specialization	where individuals become experts in producing certain goods or services that are then exchanged.
crossbearer	See Crucifer.
abstinence	Refraining from certain kinds of food or drink as an act of self-denial
magnificat	The song of Mary (Luke 1:46-55) normally used as one of the canticles at Evening Prayer; also, may be used as a Song of Praise on Feasts of St
tonary	The book, or part of larger liturgical book, which contained a guide to the use of the antiphonal repertory and psalm tones according to modal classification.
quam singulari	A decree of the Sacred Congregation of the Sacraments, promulgated in 1910, stating that children should be instructed in and receive the Eucharist as soon as they reach the age of reason.
stealing/theft	Unjustly taking and keeping the property of another, against the reasonable will of the owner
modalism	The view that the three members of the Trinity are different modes of God's activity rather than separate Persons.
post-and-lintel construction	an architectural system in which upright members, or posts, support horizontal members, or lintels.
tabard	a loose, usually sleeveless waistcoat, sometimes called a sclavine.
encaustic	a painting technique in which pigment is mixed with a binder of hot wax and fixed by heat after application.
scriptorium	in the Middle ages it was the area of the monastery in which one wrote
pater noster	Sanctus
greco-roman	The period from the 1st to 5th century when Roman dominated and Greek culture flourished.
pilaster	A shallow pier attached to a wall.
independent variable	In a research study, the variable manipulated to study its affect on other (dependent) variables.
saw-tooth	decorated with serrations like a saw.
bhajan	A bhajan is a popular devotional song, usually in one of India's vernacular languages, sung individually or in the company of other devotees.
candle lighter/extinguisher	A long pole with a two-pronged end
new historicism	A methodology that came flying out of the gate in the early to mid eighties only to trip and fall flat on its face
profession	The commitment of a member of a religious community to vows to observe the Rule.
collect	Dominus Vobiscum
burnish	1
kinship calculation	The system by which people in a particular society reckon kin relationships.
mission council	The equivalent of a vestry for a mission.
tendenz	A German term used to specify the recognizable bias of text, writer, etc.
rite	(1) the broad classification of a whole pattern of liturgical observance, within which there may be variant regional or local Uses (e.g
moral values	rules about good and bad behavior towards other human beings as religious obligations
secular judaism	Especially in the Jewish tradition, there are those who describe themselves as secular Jews, meaning identified with the Jewish community and heritage, but not religiously observant.
sabha	Sabha is a general term for an assembly, a council, or the hall in which such an assembly meets.
problem of style	the problem of determining how modern or archaic, how colloquial or formal, or how literal or idiomatic the translation should be
gemini	the third sign of the zodiac ruling from May 22 – June 21; an Air sign ruled by the planet Mercury
insight meditation	Definition pending.
house of deputies	The lay and presbyter delegates to a General Convention sitting as a legislative body.
stucco	(a) a type of cement used to coat the walls of a building; (b) a fine plaster used for moldings and other architectural decorations.
novitiate	Religious house where beginners (novices) are trained before taking permanent vows.
herringbone	Type of masonry in which the stones are set in a zig-zag pattern.
barrow	A burial mound.
law	A legal code, including trial and enforcement; characteristic of state-organized societies.
acroterion	Acroterion (pl
redaction criticism	Redaction means editing, and in the bible we have examples of author's who actually compiled material, rearranged sources, and edited sources to create their own work (read Luke's prologue)
biodiversity	usually considered at the genetic, species, and ecossytem levels
fundamentalist political activism	a tendency to be involved in secular politics in order to challenge the evils perceived in society rather than withdrawing from the larger society to avoid those evils
punic wars	a series of wars between Rome and Carthage over the control of land, especially of Sicily; the first Punic War lasted from 264-146 BCE and ended with the Romans having control of Sicily; the Second Punic War took place between 218-201 BCE, was led by Hannibal, and ended in Roman victory again; the Third Punic War began in 149 and ended in 146 BCE; at the end of the Third Punic War, Carthage was completely destroyed, its population was sold and the land became the Roman Africa province.
guardian	in the Franciscan Order the superior of a friary.
gilding	a decorative coating made of gold leaf or simulated gold; objects to which gilding has been applied are gilded or gilt.
reverse	the side of a coin or medal considered to be the back; opposite of obverse.
crime against the person	An act of violence either threatened or perpetrated against a person.
adjudication	mediation with the ultimate decision being made by an unbiased third party.
vihāra	Buddhist monks' living quarters, either an individual cell or a space for communal activity.
strapwork	A decoration often used in the late 16th and the 17th centuries
greek cross	a plain cross, the four limbs of which are of equal length.
capitals	head of a column.
taoism	A Chinese philosophical and religious system which emphasises living in effortless harmony with the Tao.
academy	(a) the gymnasium near Athens where Plato taught; (b) from the eighteenth century, the cultural and artistic establishment and the standards that they represent.
zwinglianism	The teachings of Ulrich Zwingli
ideology criticism	A Method of study which focuses on the motives for which a text was written.
term	Definition
lank	lean
feria	an ordinary weekday on which no special liturgical commemoration is held.
keystone	the central supporting stone of an arch
bahá'í feast	Definition pending.
antiphoner	Alternative to Antiphonal (3).
barter	An economic exchange of one item for another
o	P
fleuron	A decorativecarved flower or leaf, often (usually) rectiliniar.
basilica	In pre-Christian Roman history a basilica was a large roofed public hall used for the transaction of business or legal affairs
taylorism	A principle of work management in which work is broken down into the smallest and most efficient components for production.
matriarchy	A stratification system favoring women.
prandium	Latin: dinner.
totter	to sway or shake unsteadily, as if about to fall
hieroglyphic	written in a script (especially in ancient Egypt) whose characters are pictorial representations of objects.
behaviorism	Behaviorism: a type of psychology based on the psychological teachings of B.F
arcade	A decorative feature, used in Romanesque and Gothic architecture
acharya	An acharya is teacher or spiritual guide, one learned in the religious tradition and its texts.
triforium	intermediate stage in the elevation of a church wall, between the arcade and the clerestory, consisting of a blank arcading or a wall-passage.
plantaria	(Latin) young trees that are just growing.
via media	A Latin phrase which means "by the way of the middle." Many would say that the adherence to the middle way in all matters is one of the major identifying characteristics of classical Anglicanism.
balustrade	A low barrier (made of carved and painted wooden spindles and a railing) often created in the mission churches.
ayoba	Definition pending.
social ecology	Murray Boochin
site	A place where human activity occurred and material remains were left, often a place where people built their homes and grew their food
altar of repose	See Place of Reservation.
gothick	A term describing buildings and design from the earliest phase of the Gothic Revival, from the mid eighteenth century onwards
impost block	See abacus.
yam	the edible, starchy, tuberous roots of several related species of plants used as a staple food in tropical areas.
abacus	The masonry block or slab fitted atop a capital, and situated between the capital and whatever architectural member lies above
gaudete	Latin: rejoice
stanchion	upright bar or post that provides support
boat	A small container, with a lid and spoon, in which incense is kept before it is placed in the thurible.
koan	A koan is a paradoxical question given to students by Zen masters to meditate upon as a means of cutting through reliance on analytical, discursive thinking and thereby aid in attaining realization
polyphony	Music scored with more than one independent line; as opposed to monophony.
scientific perspective	see linear perspective.
kehillah	Kehillah is a Hebrew term for community, and generally refers to the formal communal structure of European Jewish communities.
vallum	A bank
curer	Specialized role acquired through a culturally appropriate process of selection, training, certification, and acquisition of a professional image; the curer is consulted by patients, who believe in his or her special powers, and receives some form of special consideration; a cultural universal.
piers	Large masonry or brick support, usually for an arch or series of arches.
chancellor	A canon and officer of a collegiate cathedral foundation, he had particular responsibility for learning and education
precipitation	Any form of water, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls to the earth's surface
ablutions	Postcommunion (Thanksgiving)
haram	Haram means "prohibited" or "impure." For Muslims, haram is a legal term referring to sinful actions and impure food
generalized other	George Herbert Mead’s term for the internalization of the norms and values of a culture.
jamb	straight side of a doorway or window.
intaglio	a printmaking process in which lines are incised into the surface of a plate or print form (e.g., engraving and etching).
renaissance	with respect to architecture, a return to certain Classical forms, including the round arch
1979 prayer book	The version of the Book of Common Prayer now in use
plastic	refers to a material that is molded.
rationalization	A term developed by Max Weber to describe the process whereby traditional thinking (craftsmanship) was replaced by thinking dominated by efficiency, control, and effectiveness in goal accomplishment.
avoidance	the vacating of a benefice.
holy day of obligation	Liber usualis
apocalypticism	Closely tied to the literature called apocalyptic, but having to do more with the social forces and social setting in which apocalyptic texts arise
ritual language	the highly standardized spoken words that are predictable and spoken in a more-or-less invariant way
ionic	see Order.
caryatid	a supporting column in post-andlintel construction carved to represent a human or animal figure.
vallabhacharya	Vallabha or Vallabhacharya (1479-1531) was the Hindu philosopher and devotee of Krishna who is seen as the founder of Pushti Marga movement, the path of grace.
papal inquisition	Punishment of heretics necessary to prevent contamination of the faithful
priest-in-charge	Another title for the vicar of a mission.
nemes	a head cloth worn by the pharaohs of ancient Egypt.
equilateral arch	a pointed arch that is inscribed inside an equilateral triangle
ostara	Spring Equinox Sabbat
grotesque	Characterized by ludicrous or incongruous distortion of appearance
aki matsuri	Important indigenous Japanese festivals (matsuri) are held in the spring (haru) and autumn (aki), the most crucial times of the agricultural cycle
acanthus	a Mediterranean plant with prickly leaves, supposedly the source of foliage-like ornamentation on Corinthian columns.
melanin	Substance manufactured in specialized cells in the lower layers of the epidermis (outer skin layer); melanin cells in dark skin produce more melanin than do those in light skin.
camera obscura	a dark enclosure or box into which light is admitted through a small hole, enabling images to be projected onto a wall or screen placed opposite that hole; the forerunner of the photographic camera.
mensa	term used for that part of a monastic estate that was allocated to the direct support of the community and to supplying its table.
hypervitaminosis d	Condition caused by an excess of vitamin D; calcium deposits build up on the body's soft tissues and the kidneys may fail; symptoms include gallstones and joint and circulation problems; may affect unprotected light-skinned individuals in the tropics.
type	a person or object serving as a prefiguration or symbolic representation, usually of something in the future.
nuncio	papal diplomat with the rank of an ambassador; ie one who is accredited to a sovereign government.
crow-step gable	A feature found much in Scottish architecture
prolegomenon	Introductory material that needs to be handled or understood before launching into a discussion.
dar-e-mehr	A Zoroastrian house of worship is often known as a "fire temple" because Zoroastrians pray in the presence of fire
congregational meeting	A meeting usually held annually, and usually held to elect new vestry members and delegates to the diocesan convention
andal	Andal was a Tamil woman saint and poet of the ninth century, beloved for her poetry called the Tiruppavai
dilapidations	payments due on the vacating of a benefice to make good any damage sustained by Church property during the previous incumbency.
metope	the square area, often decorated with relief sculpture, between the triglyphs of a Doric frieze.
capital	An ornately carved element fitted atop a column, pier, or pillaster
vehicle	a term often used interchangeably with medium to mean the liquid in which pigments are suspended but not dissolved and which, as it dries, binds the color to the surface of the painting.
kabbalah	The kabbalah is the Jewish mystical tradition.
vedanta	Definition pending.
dilettante society	Glasgow Dilettante Society (1825-1843), formed for the 'improvement of the Fine Arts'.
surat al-nur	Surat al-Nur is the Chapter of Light (Surah 24) in the Qur'an
faience	An easily shaped compound of quartz and silicon
buttress	a mass of masonry or brickwork projecting from or built against a wall to give additional strength.
pier	A mass of stonework or brickwork, usually of square section, which serves as a support instead of a column.
lower egypt	The northern half of Egypt, including the Nile River delta
o salutaris hostia	Prayer before a Crucifix
altar rail	The rail or kneelers where the people kneel or stand to receive Communion.
taberna	part of a Roman building fronting on a street and serving as a shop.
stylization	the distortion of a representational image to conform to certain artistic conventions or to emphasize particular qualities.
low magic	green magic, magic general focused on the physical
stratification	A societal system in which there is an unequal distribution of society’s rewards and in which people are arranged hierarchically into layers according to how many of society’s rewards they possess.
tympanum	space between the lintel of a doorway and the arch above it.
breatherian	Breatherian: individual who lives on Prana and Light instead of food for sustenance of the physical body.
buttresses	Supporting structures built into a standing wall to strengthen it.
vesting prayers	Asperges
tumulus	an artificial mound, typically found over a grave.
amanuensis	A scribe who writes out what is dictated
nationalities	Ethnic groups that once had, or wish to have or regain, autonomous political status (their own country).
reconstructionist	The Reconstructionist movement is a recent development in American Judaism, beginning with Mordecai M
surplice	a wide-sleeved white vestment often made of linen and worn over a cassock.
cosmology	ideas about the universe as an ordered system and the place of humans in the universe.
key informants	a few individuals selected on the basis of criteria such as knowledge, compatibility, age, experience, or reputation who provide information about their culture.
psalm-tone	The melodic formula, essentially a decoration of a monotone, in two sections, to which each verse of a psalm is intoned (in two halves)
corporal	A square piece of linen laid on top of the altar cloth at Communion.
grimorie	a book containing a collection of spells
tertiary color	a hue produced by combining a primary color and a secondary color.
mass of the dead	The fixed form of Mass used on the day of burial and as a daily or occasional commemoration of those who have died, either collectively or individually.
provoco	(Latin) to defy.
engraving	(a) the process of incising an image on a hard material, such as wood, stone, or a copper plate; (b) a print or impression made by such a process.
capilla	A chapel.
perambulo	(Latin) to walk through.
leat	a channel conveying water, usually to a mill.
bee-hive oven	A wood-fired cone-shaped over used for baking bread.
copyhold	a tenure less than freehold of land in England evidenced by a copy of the Court roll
apotropaion	an object or device designed to avert, or turn aside, evil.
cemetery	The formal burial grounds for the remains of the dead
portico	(a) a colonnade; (b) a porch with a roof supported by columns, usually at the entrance to a building.
restoration	The process of rebuilding a structure, using to the extent possible, original plans, material and tools.
praxis	Practice or action
oral literature	tales told by word of mouth for pleasure and edification
checks and balances	A structural feature of government in the United States where all three branches of government闤egislative, executive, and judicial鐩re dependent upon one another to carry out their individual responsibilities.
church of england	Definition pending.
verisimilitude	the quality of appearing real or truthful.
courses	horizontal layers of brick or masonry in a wall.
stichometry	Calculation in the number of letters and syllables per line in ancient manuscripts
mullion	vertical bar dividing a window into lights
beaverboard	a type of fiberboard used for partitions and ceilings.
deputy	An official church or diocesan delegate to a meeting
newel	Central post in a circular staircase.
bowing meditation	Buddhist meditation sessions often begin and end with bowing, an act considered a sign of respect to the Buddha
seth	God of thunder and storm
metaphor	application of a word or phrase to an object or concept in order to suggest a comparison.
oriel	A projecting window supported on a bracket or corbel
siddha	Siddha means accomplished or perfected, one who has attained spiritual realization
bell tower	A tower where the church bells were installed
michaelmass	Feast of St
prie-dieu	The prie-dieu is a prayer desk which provides a place for a single person to kneel at prayer
clerestory	'clear story', the upper story of a church rising above the aisle roof with large widow openings
polychrome	consisting of several colors.
jehovah's witness	The Jehovah's Witnesses are a Christian sect or movement founded in America by C.T
trumeau	in Romanesque and Gothic architecture, the central post supporting the lintel in a double doorway.
fire temple	Definition pending.
daguerreotype	mid-nineteenth-century photographic process for fixing positive images on silver-coated metal plates.
theory	several related propositions that explain some domain of inquiry
strain theory	Robert Merton’s theory that posits that people experience strain and frustration when they are prevented from achieving culturally approved goals through institutionalized means.
etic	The research strategy that emphasizes the observer's rather than the natives' explanations, categories, and criteria of significance.
atheism	The denial in theory and/or practice that God exists
legume	a
vedikā	a railing marking off sacred space in south Asian architecture, often found surrounding a Buddhist stupa or encircling the axis-pillar atop its dome anda.
drystone	Built without mortar.
mendicant orders	begging orders, the general term for the orders of friars, so called because they refused to own corporate property and depended upon organized begging for their support.
artifact	An object made or used by humans that provides information about human behavior in the past
span	The horizontal distance between the pair of columns, piers, pillasters, etcetera, supporting an arch or vault.See diagram.
society of friends	Definition pending.
assemblage	a group of three-dimensional objects brought together to form a work of art.
paterae	flat circular or oval ornamentation.
flying buttress	A buttress attached to the wall of a building by an arch or half arch with the aim of spreading and supporting the thrust load.
tower	A tall structure generally set above the crossing of the church or the west front.
gatehouse	A building at the entrance to the monastic grounds.
interdict	papal ordinance debarring certain persons or the inhabitants of a certain place from participation in the sacraments, church offices and burial services
fresco	a wall painting technique in which the coloured pigments are applied to a damp wall, so that they form an integral part of the same.
balefire	a sacred outdoor fire burned by some Wiccan at certain Sabbats
lectionary	A table appointing Scripture lessons to be read at services, or a book containing the readings.
preceptory	a house of the Knights Templars.
transept	The section of a cross-shaped (cruciform) church at right angles to the nave
transpersonal ecology	An approach that emphasises the importance of expanding our concern and sense of self outwards to achieve a wider and deeper identification with the natural world or Gaia.
middle class	The class that consists of people who earn their money by working at professional jobs, also called white-collar jobs.
egg and dart	a decorative molding consisting of alternating oval (egg) and downwardpointing (dart) elements.
incontinently	with inability to control or restrain oneself
wattle and daub	a technique of wall construction using woven branches or twigs plastered with clay or mud.
holistic medicine	A medical approach that involves learning about a patient’s physical environment and mental state.
etheric body	In Theosophy, a subtle body that houses the vital life-force.
godparent	The sponsor of one who is baptized, who assumes a responsibility to assist the newly baptized child or adult on the road of Christian life.
yerushalmi	The Jerusalem Talmud.
conduit	pipe or channel for conveying water.
capital	the decorated top of a column or pilaster, providing a transition from the shaft to the entablature.
abstract	in painting and sculpture, having a generalized or essential form with only a symbolic resemblance to natural objects.
pews	An excellent article on the development of pews can be found on the UK Architectural Antiques website - http://www.ukarchitecturalantiques.com/reviews/antique_church_pews_29.
caste system	Closed, hereditary system of stratification, often dictated by religion; hierarchical social status is ascribed at birth, so that people are locked into their parents' social position.
humanism	a range of ethical views which consider common human nature to be the source of values.
groupthink	A term coined by Irving Janis that refers to the tendency of people in positions of power to follow the opinions of the group, to the point that there is a narrow view of the issue at hand.
ceremony	Formal practice or custom established as proper to honor a special occasion.
collage	a work of art formed by pasting fragments of printed matter, cloth, and other materials (occasionally three-dimensional ) to a flat surface.
norm	A guideline or an expectation for behavior.
new hermeneutic	The New Hermeneutic is not so new anymore
sacrament lamp	A clear or white container with oil or a candle that burns in front of or near the place where the Blessed Sacrament is reserved
order	one of the architectural systems (Corinthian, Ionic, Doric) used by the Greeks and Romans to decorate and define the postand- lintel system of construction.
natural symbols	symbols that have the same meanings across cultural boundaries; objects or acts at least some of whose possible meanings are derived from their perceived attributes or normal human uses
godparent	The sponsor of one who is baptized, who assumes a responsibility to assist the newly-baptized--child or adult--on the road of Christian life (1255).
tondo	(a) a circular painting; (b) a medallion with relief sculpture.
revolution	A violent overthrow of the government by its citizens.
book of hours	A book intended for private devotion and most often containing the Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Office of the Dead, the seven penitential psalms, etc
niche	a hollow or recess in a wall or other architectural element, often containing a statue; a blind niche is a very shallow recess.
clerestory	Uppermost storey of the nave walls of a church pierced by windows.
placid	tranquil; satisfied
dorter	Monastic dormitory.
interdict	a sentence laid upon a territory or an establishment, ordering the administration of the sacraments and all liturgical rites to cease until such time as the sentence has been lifted
folk mass	Communion in which the music is provided by instruments other than the organ, such as a guitar; a less-formal service that may incorporate contemporary music.
biblical criticism	This is a blanket designation of the many different methodologies used in the study of the bible.
focolare	A lay movement started in Trent, Italy by Chiara Lubich in 1943, now claiming more than a million followers
leaf and dart	a decorative design consisting of alternating leaf- and dart-shaped elements.
deacons/diaconate	The diaconate is the first order or grade in ordained ministry
mezzanine	in architecture, an intermediate, lowceilinged story between two main stories.
autograph	The original manuscript of a work.
counterpoise	see contrapposto.
bungalow	In the West this describes a one-storied house
tropics	Geographic belt extending about 23 degrees north and south of the equator, between the Tropic of Cancer (north) and the Tropic of Capricorn (south).
casting	a process in which liquefied material, usually metal, is formed by being poured into a mold; the mold is removed when the material has solidified, leaving a cast object in the shape of the mold.
hanukkah	Hanukkah means, literally, "dedication." It is the eight-day Jewish holiday celebrating the rededication of the Temple in Jerusalem after it was reclaimed from the Seleucid Greeks in 167 BCE
rap	a type of rhythmic, rhyming expression spontaneously composed.
sign vehicles	Goffman’s term for the mechanisms we use to present ourselves to others
arch	a curved structural member spanning an opening or recess in a curved or pointed formation
anthropocentrism	a perspective centered on human beings, prioritizing human well-being to that of animal and plant species and ecosystems
lectionary	book containing a collection of scripture readings appointed for each day of the year.
aesthetic distance	the state of mind in which a distressful emotion is experienced in this balanced, real-but-safe
romanesque	style of architecture which preceded Gothic in Western Europe, characterised by round arches and simple ground plan
bota	A leather container consisting of a single cowhide used for storing or shipping tallow
formal analysis	analysis of a work of art to determine how its integral parts, or formal elements, are combined to produce the overall style and effect.
morphic field	Term used by Rupert Sheldrake to refer to a structuring field that exists around and influences all holons.
etiological myths	accounts of the origins of religious rites and social customs
fatima prayer	Magnificat
setting	The place where interaction takes place
oil paint	a slow-drying and flexible paint formed by mixing pigments with the medium of oil.
crude divorce rate	Measures the number of divorces per 1,000 of the total population
mass society	A large impersonal society in which individual achievement is valued over kinship ties and in which people often feel isolated from one another.
proper	(Often referred to as "the propers") "The Proper of the Church Year includes the appointed Collects; the Proper Prefaces..
tempera	a fast-drying, water-based painting medium made with egg yolk, often used in fresco and panel painting.
barber surgeon	the monk who shaves faces and heads and performs light surgery.
relief	(a) a mode of sculpture in which an image is developed outward (high or low relief) or inward (sunken relief) from a basic plane; (b) a printmaking process in which the areas not to be printed are carved away, leaving the desired image projecting from the plate.
lemma	In biblical studies it used especially to describe the Pesher commentaries at Qumran
commune	A small group of individual who voluntarily live together and collectively share resources and work.
consort	A husband or wife, especially the spouse of a monarch
heathenry	Heathenry is the reconstructed practice of ancient Northern European religion
omnipresent	Present everywhere.
gothic	A style of architecture which flourished in Western Europe between the twelfth and sixteenth centuries
thrust	pressure exerted by the vaults and roofing that tends to push the walls aside (Click on the icon for more details )
gattung	German for Genre.
aeneid	Vergil's epic poem on the glorious past of Rome.
cenotaph	(Literally -empty tomb.) A funerary monument which is not a burying place.
volute	in the Ionic order, the spiral scroll motif decorating the capital.
radha	Definition pending.
articular	Has the article; in Greek, emphasizes identity or person.
antiochene text	a later revision of the Greek OT traditionally attributed to Lucian of Antioch
crypt	A vaulted chamber made to house graves and relics, generally located beneath the chancel
placentia	a colony in northern Italy established in 218 BCE; the via Aemilia ran through Placentia and traveled to Araminum.
race	A social category used to classify humankind according to common ancestry or descent and reliant upon differentiation by general physical characteristics such as colour of skin and eyes, hair type, stature, and facial features.
foreground	the area of a picture, usually at the bottom of the picture plane, that appears nearest to the viewer.
patimokkha	The Patimokkha is the Theravada Buddhist code of monastic rules.
paschal candlestand	A large wooden or metal stand in which the Paschal candle is placed
traverse arch	See rib vault
abhorrent	causing repulsion or strong disgust
barbican	fortification defending the gateway to a castle.
cultural resource management	The branch of applied archaeology aimed at preserving sites threatened by dams, highways, and other projects.
bibliolatry	Taking too high a view of the bible; i.e
distribution	system of allocating resources in a society.
ethnomusicology	The comparative study of the musics of the world and of music as an aspect of culture and society.
veil	From Latin vela: a sail or curtain
shrove tuesday	The final day before the season of Lent begins
napkin-fold style	carved decoration ( on a door generally) that recall pleated linen (a late Gothic or early Renaissance pattern)
sita	Sita is the faithful wife of Rama, the hero of the Ramayana
catholic relief services	Overseas aid agency established by Catholics in the United States.
rib	an arched diagonal element in a vault system that defines and supports a ribbed vault.
textual witness	A particular manuscript or group of manuscripts that contain a particular variation in the text.
liturgical drama	A sung dialogue heightened by some dramatic action (e.g
fire	to prepare (especially ceramics) by baking in a kiln or otherwise applying heat.
correlation	An association between two or more variables such that when one changes (varies), the other(s) also change(s) (covaries); for example, temperature and sweating.
rubric	a heading written in red in a manuscript
primogeniture	A law stipulating that only a first-born son could inherit his father’s wealth.
tenebrism	a style of painting used by Caravaggio and his followers in which most objects are in shadow, while a few are brightly illuminated.
diachronic	Dealing with a text or with a phenomenon as it happened through time
vault	An arched roof or ceiling constructed of masonry on the same physical principles as an arch
adaptation	patterns of behavior which enable a culture to cope with its surroundings.
quoin	The corner of a building; also used of the individual stones (dressed) making up the corner.
gemara	Gemara is the middle section of the Talmud that contains a close reading of the Mishnah passage in question, and the discussion surrounding the aspects of the Mishnah.
law of similarity	the magical principle that like produces like or that an effect resembles its cause
blind niche	see niche.
jade emperor	Since the 12th century CE the Jade Emperor has been the head of the Daoist celestial pantheon
voussoir	Any one of the wedge shaped blocks used in building an arch
ravidas	Ravidas was a 16th century poet and singer, an outcaste or untouchable whose vision of bhakti, the devotional love of the Supreme, leveled all caste distinctions
hue	a pure color with a specific wavelength.
lingua franca	The Common Language.
benefit of clergy	a privilege enjoyed by members of the clergy, including tonsured clerks, placing them beyond the jurisdiction of secular courts.
context	The environment in which something exists or occurs; an object's setting in time and place and it's relationship to other objects
infirmary	Hospital.
religious ritual	behavior that is done in the same way on repeated occasions with care about accuracy of performance and that are believed to mobilize supernatural powers to accomplish human ends
phonetic	Of or relating to spoken language or speech sounds
jacques majeur	Definition pending.
focal vocabulary	A set of words and distinctions that are particularly important to certain groups (those with particular foci of experience or activity), such as types of snow to Eskimos or skiers.
evangelium	Latin: Gospel Reading
folk art	art produced by people not professionally identified as artists.
canopic jar	a vessel in which ancient Egyptians preserved the viscera of the dead.
textus receptus	The Greek NT produced by Erasmus in the 16th century and used by the KJV.
chapter-house	room in which monks met daily, to discuss business and to hear a chapter of the monastic rule.
free	and independent choice; voluntary decision. the
diagonal ribs / arches	they rise up from the top of each corner pier and meet in the centre, marking the diagonals in a rib vault
minor orders	The junior clerical Orders, and counterpart to Holy Orders
pir	Definition pending.
cornice	The horizontal feature that runs across the top of Classical columns and the roof line.
shaft	the vertical, cylindrical part of a column that supports the entablature.
calendar	The liturgical Calendar (Kalendar) denotes the date and rank of fixed feasts.
old latin	A 2nd century Latin translation of the Greek OT.
markan priority	Commonly accepted theory that Mark was the first of the Synoptics to be written, and that Matthew and Luke used Mark as one of their sources.
law	DESCENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF THE WORLD
monastery	a religious establishment housing a community of people living in accordance with religious vows.
dogmatism	the statement of opinions and interpretations the authoritative texts as if they were established fact rather than judgements that might be subject to error
church	1) A building, program or service providing religious goods to a certain constituency and a specific geographical location
syntax	The arrangement and order of words in phrases and sentences.
waterleaf	broad, leaf-shaped motif with a tied-ribbon effect at the top; commonly used to decorate capitals in the twelfth century.
funeral	The Burial of the Dead.
compound pier	see cluster pier.
bvm	Blessed Virgin Mary, mother of Christ.
structuralism	A method of analysis (as of a literary text or a political system) that is related to cultural anthropology and that focuses on recurring patterns of thought and behavior (definition for www.m-w.com).
ordinal	a service-book, with instructions to the priest on the order of services through the ecclesiastical year.
monochromatic	having a color scheme based on shades of black and white, or on values of a single hue.
astral plane	a kind of dimension composed of energy
pedagogy	The art of teaching, or the characteristic of a text that is intended to teach.
kitchen	The room in which the cooking was done
mendicant order	Religious organizations which have renounced all common and personal property
stela	A commemorative stone pillar or slab that usually has carvings or inscriptions.
rancho	A settlement or a ranch
convent	In common usage, the term refers to a house of women religious.
madinah	The city of Madinah was originally called Yathrib, a city north of Makkah in western Saudi Arabia
symbols	physical objects, colors, sounds, movements, scents which convey information through an arbitrary or culturally assigned meaning.
impel	to push; to propel; to urge
preterist	One who links a document or the interpretation of a document with past events
ethnocentrism	judging other cultures by the standards of your own, which you believe to be superior.
cenotaph	A monument erected to honor someone whose mortal remains are elsewhere.
rosh hashanah	Rosh Hashanah is the day of the Jewish New Year, falling on the first day of the autumn month of Tishri.
peshat	The Plain meaning.
av	A fast day commemorating the destruction of the First and Second Temples, as well as other tragedies.
canon law	Canon Law, Code of - The collection of laws (canons) governing administration of the Roman Catholic Church
parablepsis	Greek for 'look over'
epistoler	See Subdeacon.
inscrutable	mysterious; impenetrable
interfaith power and light	Definition pending.
transpersonal	(1) Beyond the individual or personal
pediment	(a) in Classical architecture, the triangular section at the end of a gable roof, often decorated with sculpture; (b) a triangular feature placed as a decoration over doors and windows.
rituals	stereotyped sequences of behaviors that are associated with particular emotions and which are rationalized, that is made meaningful, by the supernatural beliefs of the performers
malleability	The quality of metal which allows it to be molded, hammered, or bent into various shapes
sitz im leben	German for 'situation or setting in Life', often used by scholars to describe the historical and sociological setting.
device	A pattern or symbol
prior's lodging	Rooms set aside for use of the prior.
custumal	a book setting out in detail the practice of a particular monastery, with instructions for the celebration of the divine office and for the other activities of the monastic day, compiled to supplement the general prescription of the Rule
stele	An upright stone or slab with an inscribed or sculptured surface, used as a monument or as a commemorative tablet in the face of a building
lintel	Horizontal wood or stone over a fireplace, door, etc.
kirpan	The kirpan is a sword, more commonly a small knife, carried by initiated Sikhs who have become members of the Khalsa, the order of fully committed Sikhs
fantasy	imagery that is derived solely from the imagination.
diurnale	A liturgical book containing the day hours of the Office
manuale	A book containing services used in a parish church (e.g
mosaic	the use of small pieces of glass, stone, or tile (tesserae), or pebbles to create an image on a flat surface such as a floor, wall, or ceiling.
pews	Long, permanent benches in the nave of a church building
bay	a unit of space in a building, usually defined by piers, vaults, or other elements in a structural system.
virtue	A habitual and firm disposition to do good
arabesque	literally meaning "in the Arabian fashion," an intricate pattern of interlaced or knotted lines consisting of stylized floral, foliage, and other motifs.
chant	Not exactly singing, nor reading, chanting is a recitation midway between singing and reading
ridge rib	stone rib running longitudinally or tranversely at the top of a vault
string-course	projecting horizontal band of masonry set along a wall.
fenestration	A word used to describe the window arrangement of a building
irrigation	A system of watering lands by means of directing water through channels in the soil
clustered-shaft	see Pier.
contour	a line representing the outline of a figure or form.
ribbed vault	a vault constructed of arched diagonal ribs, with a web of lighter masonry in between.
triforium	A gallery between the-arcade and the clerestory.
avant-garde	literally the "advanced guard," a term used to denote innovators or nontraditionalists in a particular field.
high gods	supernatural entities who are not regarded as supreme themselves, but who each exercise great power over some major force within the universe
sawm	Definition pending.
lancet	a simple narrow window with a pointed arch
matins	the first office of the day, sung during the night about midnight, commonly called the Nocturns in medieval texts.
diorite	a type of dark (black or gray) crystalline rock.
milpa	A plot of land, grain field, or corn field.
unicameral	Single-roomed or -celled.
madrina	Godmother
nature	The created order
majuscule	A manuscript that is written in UPPER CASE SCRIPT
archivolts	bands or mouldings surrounding an arched opening (doorway or window)
custodian	in the Franciscan Order, the head of a custody.
ceremonial magick	the art and practice of controlling spirits through force of will, requires dedication and study
libra	the seventh sign of the zodiac ruling from September 24 – October 23; an Air sign ruled by the planet Venus
theotokos	A theological title for the Blessed Virgin Mary. It is Greek for "God-bearer," and is
caricature	a representation in art or literature that distorts, exaggerates, or oversimplifies certain features.
skilled worker	A worker who is literate and has experience and expertise in specific areas of production or on specific kinds of machines.
shaft	small or subordinate pillar.
cyclopaean masonry	stone construction using large, irregular blocks without mortar.
scallop	decoration consisting of a series of truncated semi-Scapular - a rectangular piece of stuff hanging down from the shoulders before and behind
genre	a category of art representing scenes of everyday life.
functional equivalents	institutions or customs that have a similar effect on the stability of a society
codices	A bound book made up of folded leaves or pages
communion rail	See Altar Rail.
coptic	Coptic is an ancient language that has 4 primary dialects, focused primarily in Egypt
o sapientia	The first of the O antiphons, often marked in the Calendar.
lamassu	in Assyrian art, figures of bulls or lions with wings and human heads.
moveable feast	Any Church festival that does not fall on a fixed calendar day, but varies from year to year
naturalistic	Imitating or producing the effect or appearance of nature
prothesis scene	an iconographical scene where mourners surround the body of a dead person; for an example, see Harvard 1952.75 (image).
onomatopoeia	A word whose sound suggests its meaning, like 'ka-boom', or 'ruff ruff', or 'hiss'.
binding	a spell which generally involves tying knots in cords or a similar action, aimed at restricting energy or actions
economizing	The rational allocation of scarce means (or resources) to alternative ends (or uses); often considered the subject matter of economics.
style	in the visual arts, a manner of execution that is characteristic of an individual, a school, a period, or some other identifiable group.
waterleaf	a carved design for column capitals of simple sinuous foliate designs
runes	divination tool using symbols carved into wood or stone
levant	The area of modern day Israel and Lebanon, including the Jordan Valley and a small bit of Syria
annulment	Official declaration by the Church that, for lawful reasons, a marriage was invalid and consequently null and void, i.e
goddess	female aspect of pair of deities; the Lady
agnus dei	One of the anthems at the Breaking of the Bread; also found at the conclusion of the Great Litany (BCP, 337, 407,152).
nubia	Important area to the south of Egypt supplying valuable gold reserves, incense, animal skins and ostrich feathers.
château	French word for a castle or large country house.
general synod	A General Synod is the same kind of event as a General Convention, but in different countries
illuminated manuscript	see manuscript.
liberalism	Until the eighteenth century the term generally meant whatever was worthy of a free man, e.g., as applied to the liberal arts or a liberal education
gurkhas	Members of the dominant Hindu race in Nepal, who make up several regiments in the British army.
projection	the treatment of internal images and ideas as if they were externally real
visionary trances	trances that involve visionary experiences which may even seem like an "out of the body" experience in which the ego seems to leave the body and is able to move about the environment or even enter a usually unseen spiritual realm while the body remains behind
compluvium	a square opening in the roof of a Roman atrium through which rain fell into an impluvium .
shading	decreases in the value or intensity of colors to imitate the fall of shadow when light strikes an object.
culture of discontent	a level of aspirations that far exceeds the bounds of an individual's local opportunities
shambhala training	Shambhala Training is a three-step mediation program, founded in 1977 by Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche as a means to reach an audience beyond the Buddhist community
benedictus	De Profundis
mandorla	painted or sculpted form, which enclosed a personage in order to enhance it
invention	a unique object produced through the process of imagination and experience.
sermon	A verbal address given after the readings, and hopefully given to further explain the readings and to put them in a modern context
ogham	A type of alphabet current in Ireland and in the Irish settlements in Britain in the Dark Ages, a variant of which was used by the Picts (see p
sui generis	Latin for 'of its own kind.' Something that has no rival.
jain meditation	Today the most widely practiced method of Jain meditation involves sitting or standing completely still for 48 minutes, letting go of all passions and negative mental attitudes, thereby attaining a sense of equanimity (samayika)
palette	(a) the range of colors used by an artist; (b) an oval or rectangular tablet used to hold and mix the pigments.
pilaster strip	vertical wall reinforcement, with minimum projection and lacking base and capital
wash	a thin, translucent coat of paint (e.g., in watercolor).
sequence hymn	A hymn sung between the Epistle and Gospel (after the Alleluia Verse or Tract) which normally relates to the lessons appointed for the day.
nembutsu	Definition pending.
cire-perdue	see lost-wax bronze casting.
murex	Any of various marine gastropods of the genus Murex common in tropical seas and having rough, spiny shells, especially Murex trunculus, the source of Phoenician purple dye
weft	The horizontal threads interlaced through the warp in a woven fabric
vigils	A period or service of preparation before major festivals or celebrations (see Great Vigil of Easter, BCP, 284ff.; Vigil of Pentecost, BCP, 227).
polynesia	islands in Oceania within the triangle whose corners are the Hawaiian Islands, Easter Island, and New Zealand.
interfaith youth core	Definition pending.
variables	Attributes (e.g., sex, age, height, weight) that differ from one person or case to the next.
asyndeton	Clauses linked without conjunctions.
authoritarianism	A political system that does not allow citizens to participate in government.
casuistic	The use of ethical principles to resolve moral dilemmas.
black letter days	Less important days in the liturgical Calendar, so called because of their identification by the use of black ink in manuscript and some printed Calendars
cornice	the projecting horizontal unit, usually molded, that surmounts an arch or wall; the topmost member of a Classical entablature.
durga	Durga is one of the names of the Devi as consort of Shiva
navroz	Navroz is the Zoroastrian New Year
interfaith infrastructure	Definition pending.
tierceron	minor rib in a complex rib vault (See lierne)
genre	A category of oral or written literature that is defined by style and content
provenance	The place of origin, or the perceived place of origin for a text.
curate	The term should mean the "head priest" if literally interpreted, but instead has come to refer to a transitional deacon or an assistant to the rector.
yom kippur	A Jewish holiday 10 days after the Jewish New Year that entails a 25-hour fast day from dusk until nightfall the following day
presiding bishop	The elected episcopal head of the Episcopal Church in America; the chief administrator and spiritual head of the Episcopal Church
altar rail gates	The gates or hinged top of the center of the altar rail
economy	The structure and organization of productive work or activity in a society, forming the basis for financial support and stability of individuals, families, and society
prie-dieu	An individual kneeling bench with shelf.
garderobe	individual lavatory in a medieval building.
peshitta	Ancient Syriac version of the OT.
megachurch	A large congregation with 2,000 or more people attending services
baluster	an architectural term for the short pillars which form the supports for a balustrade
chinese new year	Definition pending.
dormant	asleep; inactive
canon law	The collection of laws that serve as the rules of our Anglican Church
retro-choir	The area immediately behind the high altar.
bisexual	A person who is sexually, and/or emotionally, spiritually and intellectually attracted to both men and women though not necessarily at the same time or in the same way.
season	A part of the year, but the liturgical seasons do not follow the calendar seasons
alms basin	A large metal plate into which the money offerings of the people are placed before they are presented to the officiant.
piscina	The piscina is the stone or porcelain basin (traditionally set in the south wall of the Sanctuary) from which a drain pipe carries to the ground the water used in the ablutions
kneeler	A cushioned pullout or fold-down stool at a pew onto which the people kneel for prayer.
patrick	St
guilds	organizations of craftsmen, such as those that flourished in the Middle Ages and Renaissance.
phonascus	(Latin) a teacher of music.
phoneme	The smallest unit of sound in a language.
life cycle	the set of states a person goes through from birth to death.
cantilever	a long, low architectural support that enables a cantilevered element such as an eave or a cornice to project horizontally without vertical support at the far end.
ogee	arch with a steep projection at the apex.
tiqqune sopherim	Scribal corrections in the OT manuscripts
typological interpretation	Method of biblical interpretation in which Old Testament persons and events are seen as patterns for or types of New Testament persons and events
support	in painting, the surface to which the pigment is applied.
extortionate	excessive; exorbitant
bay	A bay is a vertical division of east-west axis of the church, usually marked by vertical shafts or supporting columns.
book of knowledge	Book of Knowledge: (The Book of Knowledge: The Keys of Enoch) a book by J
chinoiserie	a Western style popular in the eighteenth century, reflecting Chinese motifs or qualities.
taurus	the second sign of the zodiac ruling from April 21 – May 21; an Earth sign ruled by the planet Venus
platonism	the school of philosophy founded by Plato
pericope	A paragraph, or particular section of text.
blind arcade	a row of decorative arches applied to a wall to articulate its surface
poblador	Original Hispanic settler.
barranca	A deep ravine or canyon.
hieratic	Earlier form of Egyptian cursive script
elaborating metaphors	key symbols that provide more detailed information about a complex system to make it more comprehensible
broken pediment	a pediment in which the cornice is discontinuous or interrupted by another element.
guilloche	Geometric pattern.
estadal	Spanish linear measurement of about 3.3 meters, or 11 feet.
sanskrit	An Indo-Aryan language that is the classical language of India.
annular	ring-shaped, as in an annular barrel vault.
rose window	a large, circular window decorated with stained glass and tracery.
asatru	Norse Reconstructionism
fiscal	Pertaining to finances and taxation.
animalism	conception of supernatural powers in animal forms, e.g
horned god	generally seen by Wiccans as the male consort of the Goddess; male deity with stag horns rising from His head
decretum	a common title for a collection of canon law, arranged thematically, in use from the 11th century onwards.
padrino	Godfather.
range	Block of buildings.
tabula	Latin: table
janmashtami	Krishna Janmashtami is the Hindu festival celebrating the birth (janma) of Lord Krishna on the eighth day (ashtami) of the waning fortnight of the lunar month of August/September.
cult	This is one of those unfortunate terms that have an assumed meaning to the common reader, and yet carries a different technical meaning
arriccio	the rough first coat of plaster in a fresco.
euouae	The concluding vowels of Gloria patri (seculorum amen), often used in choir books to denote the ending of a psalm tone.
confirmation	A mature public affirmation of the faith and commitment to the responsibilities of one's Baptismal vows, and, the laying on of hands by the bishop (see BCP, 412ff.); Sacramental act whereby, through the laying on of hands by a bishop, the strengthening gifts of the Holy Spirit are bestowed on those affirming their commitment to Christ made in Baptism.
yule	Winter Solstice Sabbat
terce	the second of the Little Hours of divine office, recited at the third hour (8 am)
house of deputies	The lay and presbyter delegates to the General Convention sitting as a legislative body.
exegesis	The interpretation of a text.
responsory	Respond (1).
monstrance	An ornate receptacle in which a consecrated host is placed so that Jesus in the form of bread, can be seen and venerated by the people.
surah	The text of the Qur'an is divided into 114 surahs or chapters, arranged roughly from the longest to the shortest
rib vault	a vault with bands of projecting stonework along the angles or groins
atrium	(a) an open courtyard leading to, or within, a house or other building, usually surrounded on three or more sides by a colonnade; (b) in a modern building, a rectangular space off which other rooms open.
cross-cousin	children of the opposite-sexed siblings of one's parents, e.g., mother's brother's and father's sister's children.
veranda	a pillared porch preceding an interior chamber, common in Hindu temples and Buddhist chaitya halls.
form	the overall plan or structure of a work of art.
omnipotent	All Powerful.
lectionary	The complex series of Biblical readings used in the Anglican Church throughout the year
colonnade	a series of columns set at regular intervals, usually supporting arches or an entablature.
b.c.e.	Before Common Era; an alternate dating system corresponding to B.C.
censer	See Thurible.
ethnoastronomy	study of how non-Western peoples' perceptions of cosmic phenomena structure behaviors, values, and mores
terce	The second of the Little Hours of the Office, literally at the third hour of the day.
phoneme	Significant sound contrast in a language that serves to distinguish meaning, as in minimal pairs.
green man	representation of the Lord as ruler of the forest
screen	A partition (of stone or wood)
body language	The ways in which we use our bodies consciously and unconsciously to communicate.
prologue	the opening in ancient tragedy and comedy, usually in the form of a soliloquy or a dialogue; a way to convey the dramatic setting and situation of the play and introduce the background of the main characters .
deism	A religio-philosophical system popularized in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in England; a deist simply believes in a higher power who set the world in motion but does not interfere with it
ashvaghosha	Ashvaghosha (?80-?150 CE) was an Indian philosopher and poet who recorded one of the most well-known literary renditions of the Buddha's life story in addition to many other works.
cell	A small room or hut for one person.
noviciate	the period of training undergone by a recruit before taking monastic vows.
tholos	(a) a circular tomb of beehive shape approached by a long, horizontal passage; (b) in Classical times, a round building modeled on ancient tombs.
ethnology	comparative analysis of cultural patterns to explain differences and similarities among societies.
newel staircase	spiral staircase.
cone mosaic	a surface decorated by pressing pieces (usually colored and of conical shape) of stone or baked clay into damp plaster.
queer	"Queer" is an umbrella term for a wide variety of sexual minorities and their allies, but primarily for gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people (GLBT)
satisfaction	An act whereby the sinner makes amends for sin, especially in reparation to God for offenses against him
lexicon	Vocabulary; a dictionary containing all the morphemes in a language and their meanings.
vihara	Vihara means "residence" in Sanskrit and Pali; the term is used to designate the living quarters for Buddhist monks, i.e
stylus	Writing stick made out of reed, wood, metal or bone
tractable	easily managed; malleable
rite ii	A portion of the Book of Common Prayer containing worship services which use more modern language.
neophtes	Indians who were converted to Christianity and then lived at a mission.
meritocracy	A system of stratification in which positions are given according to individual merit.
ordines romani	A series of some fifty documents describing the customs of liturgical observance in Rome, and dating form about the eighth to the tenth centuries.
funk	an earthy, unsophisticated style and feeling, or the style and feelings of blues.
proselytism	The practice of seeking to convert people from other religions or no religion to another faith (Melton 2009: 3).
stave church	The Stave style of church architecture was popular for the construction of mission churches in medieval Scandinavia beginning in the 10th century
upper class	The highest social group, consisting of people with inherited wealth and a recognizable family name.
sidespeople	Also known as greeters, they are the first to welcome you to church. They will give you a copy of the hymnal and the bulletin, and help you find a seat if needed. During the 11:15 AM services, they indicate when to move forward for communion.
granulation	Small, beadlike protuberances designed on the surface of intricate jewelry
general convention	The national triennial meeting of the Episcopal Church
tenon	a projecting member in a block of stone or other building material that fits into a groove or hole to form a joint.
censer	an incense burner
springline	The horizontal line below which the vertical support of an arch ends, and above which the sides of an arch or vault begin to curve inwards
culture	The learned patterns of behavior and thought that help a group adapt to it's surroundings.
shtetl	Shtetl is the Yiddish diminutive meaning "small town"
hatha yoga	Yogic practice that focuses on physical activities for promoting well-being such as posture, hygiene, diet, and breathing.
tympanum	the basically semicircular panel above a main doorway, usually heavily decorated (Also see 'portal' and 'porch')
plurality	when a person wins an election by having the most votes, as opposed to a majority where a person gets more than half of the votes.
proletariat	Karl Marx’s term for the working masses.
total institution	According to Erving Goffman, a highly standardized institution in which all the residents’ actions are determined and monitored by authority figures.
alb	A long, white, sleeved linen vestment worn over the cassock, covering the body from neck to ankles
squint	an angled slit in a wall allowing a view of the high altar from outside the sanctuary
warden	See "junior warden" and "senior warden."
ordinary	(1) a general term for Mass texts that are fixed and unchanging; (2) the unchanging choral chants of the Mass: Kyrie, Gloria in excelsis, Sanctus and Benedictus, Agnus dei, and Ite or Benedicamus.
biorhythm	Biorhythm: the rhythm of a biological function such as brainwaves, heart rate, pulse, or the many bio-electromagnetic signatures of the various energy systems in the body.
m. div.	Master of Divinity; the basic American theological degree; in earlier years, the first theological degree was the B.D
rise	The vertical distance between the springline and the keystone of an arch, or between the springline and boss of a vault
sacristan	Liturgical assistants who have charge of sacred vessels, vestments, etc.
feast	A day of celebration associated with the life of Our Lord, of the Saints, or days of thanksgiving (see BCP, 15-18).
hanmatsuri	Definition pending.
graduale	lectionary (revised)
beakhead	Norman decorative motif consisting of a row of beast or bird heads pecking.
septuagintalism	A Greek word or idiom, usually in the NT, that reflects influence from the LXX.
carillon	A set of church bells; generally found only in churches large enough to have a tower or steeple strong enough to support the weight of the many bells; some of the bells may weigh a ton or more.
cognitive dissonance	This refers to a psychological phenomenon that takes place when what you believe counters what you experience
yom ha-shoah	Yom ha-Shoah or Holocaust Remembrance Day has been added to the yearly Jewish calendar in order to remember the Holocaust or Shoah, and thus to insure that such a crime against humanity will not be repeated again
clamorous	noisy; loud, with a sense of confusion
prestige	Esteem, respect, or approval for acts, deeds, or qualities considered exemplary.
potter	the creator of a vase, does not include the painting of the vase.
castrum	an ancient Roman fortress; a Roman encampment.
monopoly	A condition where, for a particular product, one firm dominates the world or regional market.
de facto segregation	The separation of races by residential patterns.
julian calendar	Astronomical calendar established during the time of Julius Caesar (c
sufism	A term used to describe a wide variety of mystical and disciplined orders found throughout the Islamic world
volute	Spiral scroll.
suspension bridge	a bridge in which the roadway is suspended from two or more steel cables, which usually pass over towers and are then anchored at their ends.
shaiva	Shaivism is the name fo
dressed stone	blocks of stone that have been cut and shaped to fit in a particular place for a particular purpose.
bas-relief	sculpture in which the carved forms project only slightly from the background
hathor	Goddess of beauty
alpechin	The mixture of oil and water after pressing olives for oil.
shakyamuni buddha	Definition pending.
fact	a description of a bit or piece of some domain of inquiry.
arcade	A row of connected arches.
ithyphallic	an image having an erect or prominent phallus.
wand	ritual tool, usually made of wood and 21″ in length
gods	supernatural beings who control major forces within the universe, such as storms, plant or animal fertility, or warfare
misericord	Decorated shelf placed on the under side of hinged seat in choir stall, to provide support against which to lean while standing.
memento mori	an image, often in the form of a skull, to remind the living of the inevitability of death.
trabeated	constructed according to the postand-lintel method.
alms	Money or other offerings of the people for the work of the Church.
literary criticism	Study of biblical texts in terms of literary features
tympanum	the area between the lintel, or flat top, of a doorway and the arch above it
pistor	(Latin) miller; a pistor ground grain in a hand-mill or mortar; a pistor could also perform some of the duties of a baker, or furnarius.
longhouse	A building with dwelling area and byre under the same roof-alignment, usually separated by a cross-passage
truss	roof-timbers framed together to bridge a space.
cruciform	Constructed in the form or shape of a cross.
pozole	A porridge or thick soup of wheat, corn, beans or horse beans and meat.
persian wars	numerous battles between the Greeks and the Persians that took place between the 6th and 4th centuries; initially, the unified Greeks fought against Darius the Great and some Greek territories were conquered by the Persians; later, the Greeks sought to liberate some of those Persian-controlled territories; Xerxes I, leader of the Persian Empire in the late 480s BCE, amassed a colossal force against the Greeks; the Greeks defeated the Persians and successfully liberated its territories; the battles between the Persians and Greeks were chronicled by Herodotus in The Histories.
parallel-cousin	children of the same-sexed siblings of one's parents, e.g., mother's sister's and father's brother's children.
channel indians	The natives living in the Santa Barbara area.
particularity	Distinctive or unique culture trait, pattern, or integration.
amulet	a magical charged item, often worn around the neck for protection
spirituals	the name given to that section of the Franciscans that refused to modify the instructions of St
capital	The head of a column.
stigma	Goffman’s term for a trait that we possess that causes us to lose prestige in the eyes of others.
jamb	the stones forming the side of a door or window
least industrialized nations	Primarily agricultural nations that account for half of the land on Earth.
kingdom hall	A meeting place for Jehovah's Witnesses, which are usually built by Witnesses themselves (Melton 2009: 593).
kalendar	See Calendar.
masonite	a type of fiberboard used in insulation and paneling.
figurative	representing the likeness of a recognizable human (or animal) figure.
mace	A staff or baton usually embellished with metal used as an insignia of office; the Mace preceeds the Vice-Chancellor in academic processions; the Mace is traditionally carried by the President of the Order of Gownsmen.
lavatorium	trough with running water where monks washed their hands before meals.
vaulting bay	the basic structural unit of a vaulted roof, consisting of a rectangle transected by the vaulting ribs
interlace	A pattern made by intertwining a ribbon in and out of itself
infirmary kitchen	Kitchen attached to the hospital.
pedestal	the base of a column, statue, vase, or other upright work of art.
lintel	the horizontal cross beam spanning an opening in the post-and-lintel system.
zhu xi	The Neo-Confucian Zhu Xi (1130-1200) is best known for having grouped together the Analects, Book of Mencius, Great Learning and Doctrine of the Mean as the Four Books
ahmose	In 1565 BC he successfully expelled the Hyksos from Egypt.
warp	The threads that run lengthwise in a woven fabric, crossed at right angles to the weft.
peculate	to steal money; to embezzle
global stratification	The stratification of nations.
yogananda	Paramahansa Yogananda (1893-1952) was the first Hindu teacher of yoga to settle in the United States for an extended period, some 30 years
tempera	painting technique on a dry wall (as opposed to a fresco).
gypsum	A widespread colorless, white, or yellowish mineral
economy	A population's system of production, distribution, and consumption of resources.
widdershins	counter-clockwise direction
rectilinear	consisting of, bounded by, or moving in, a straight line or lines.
chancel screen	A screen dividing the chancel and the nave and crossing
palistrophe	Literary structure like the shape of an X, the shape of the Greek letter chi, hence the name
neutral	lacking color; white, gray, or black.
tympanum	The space between the lintel of a doorway and the arch above it
etching	(a) a printmaking process in which an impression is taken from a metal plate on which the image has been etched, or eaten away by acid; (b) a print produced by such a process.
freestone	any easily carved fine-grained stone (e.g
fresco	a technique (also known as buon fresco ) of painting on the plaster surface of a wall or ceiling while it is still damp, so that the pigments become fused with the plaster as it dries.
physical anthropology	study of biological origins and physical variations among human populations.
japa	Japa is the devotional repetition of a sacred syllable, mantra, or divine name, either aloud or to oneself
hindu temple	Definition pending.
gable roof	a roof formed by the intersection of two planes sloping down from a central beam.
big blue book	sometimes Uncle Bucky’s Big Blue Book, refers to Buckland’s Complete Book of Witchcraft, a commonly read beginner’s book
cartonnage	layers of linen or papyrus glued together and usually coated with stucco.
corbel	a bracket projecting from a wall, sometimes carved and decorated, sometimes fairly rough, used to help support weight from above.
apostolic nunciature	The offices of the Holy Father's representative to a country or to the Church in that country.
merced de tierra	Land grant.
cloisonné	a multicolored surface made by pouring enamels into compartments outlined by bent wire fillets, or strips.
vault	A ceiling or roof formed by one or more arches, usually made out of wood or stone.
processional cross	sacramental bread (wafer)
monstrance	a special container in the shape of a cross with a circular, clear glass (or crystal) receptacle in its center
semiotics	The study of signs and meanings.
gospel	Gospel means "Good News" and refers to the central message of the Christian tradition: the good news of Christ's life and message of redemption
iconography	Conveying a message using religious symbols
peripteral	surrounded by a row of columns or peristyle.
phenomenon	In Kant's philosophy, the fully knowable object of experience.
vanishing point	in the linear perspective system, the point at which the orthogonals, if extended, would intersect.
skeletal construction	a method of construction in which the walls are supported at ground level by a steel frame consisting of vertical and horizontal members.
mashal	Memorable phrases (like a proverb) or story (like a parable).
province	A federation of dioceses, usually geographically contiguous.
allegory	the expression (artistic, oral, or written) of a generalized moral statement or truth by means of symbolic actions or figures.
cuneiform	a form of writing consisting of wedge-shaped characters, used in ancient Mesopotamia.
bull	a particularly formal papal document, so-called from its seal (in Latin, "bulla").
tone	A melodic formula used to chant a large range of different items (e.g
cusp	A projecting point formed where two curves meet
tomb chest	a tomb set above ground level in a box-like structure; also known as a table tomb
rococo	An artistic and architectural style typified by light and highly elaborate detail; a light, frothy flourish towards the end of the Baroque period.
prebend	the revenues, whether from land or tithes, granted to an ecclesiastic as his stipend.
scriptorium	A place where manuscripts were copied.
lady day	The Feast of the Annunciation, March 25
a	ashlar
prophetic	People in the community who warned others about consequences of their actions.
shankara	Shankara was the 9th century philosopher who was one of the premier exponents of non-dualistic Vedanta, Advaita Vedanta
super-arch	larger arch, often blank, enclosing two or more smaller arches.
gloria in excelsis	Latin; a liturgical hymn having the verse form of the Psalms.
print	a work of art produced by one of the printmaking processes—engraving, etching, and woodcut.
diaconate	Definition goes here.
manuscript	a handwritten book produced in the Middle Ages or Renaissance
chariot	A light, two-wheeled vehicle pulled by a team of two horses and often used in battle in the Bronze and Iron Ages
euthanasia	An action or an omission which, of itself or by intention, causes the death of handicapped, sick, or dying persons--sometimes with an attempt to justify the act as a means of eliminating suffering
holocaust	Holocaust (from Greek, entire burnt offering) refers in modern times to the Nazi German campaign to exterminate the Jewish people during the 1930s and 1940s with death camps and gas chambers
collatio	Latin: gathering
bhakti	Bhakti is devotion to or love of God
floriated	decorated with flowery patterns.
egalitarian	a society without formalized differences in the access to power, influence, and wealth.
mode	A unit of melodic classification applied to the repertory of liturgical chant.
reverence	..
ethnicity	Is a term which represents social groups with a shared history, sense of identity, geography and cultural roots which may occur despite racial difference.
bermuda triangle	Bermuda Triangle: a triangular region of the Atlantic Ocean that ranges from the Florida Keys, through the length of the Bahamas, to the Islands of Bermuda, where many planes, ships and people have disappeared or encountered unexplained phenomena
rapier	A light, sharp-pointed sword lacking a cutting edge and used only for thrusting
roman	Of Rome
sanhedrin	A council or senate of Jewish leaders and elders, first attested to during the reign of Anthiochus the Great (223-187 B.C.) as a kind of priestly senate.
agriculture	Nonindustrial systems of plant cultivation characterized by continuous and intensive use of land and labor.
centre	Correct English spelling, American = center.
raggle	The remaining marks in a wall where a roof one was
judge-delegate	a prelate commissioned by the pope to hear and determine an ecclesiastica case locally in its country of origin.
ka'bah	The Ka'bah is a cube-shaped building located within the Grand Mosque in Makkah, the most sacred place on earth for Muslims
ingot	A mass of metal, such as a bar or block, that is cast in a standard shape for convenient storage or shipment
evangelist	One of the four authors to whom is ascribed the writing of the Gospels, i.e., Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John
molding	a continuous contoured surface, either recessed or projecting, used for decorative effect on an architectural surface.
cistercian	relating to the Order of Citeaux, founded by Bernardo di Chiaravalle
archetype	A common model or pattern
presocratics	Greek philosophers of whom some preceded, and others were contemporary with Socrates.
reveal	The part of the jamb which lies between the door (or glass, in a window) and the outer wall surface.
presiding bishop	The elected episcopal head of the Anglican Church in America; the chief administrator and spiritual head of the Anglican Church in America
book of light	alternate name for what is traditionally called Book of Shadows
anachronism	Projecting a term, definition, or event back into the past
cartouche	A tablet with an ornate scroll frame
grisaille	a monochromatic painting (usually in shades of black and gray, to simulate stone sculpture).
hermeneutics of suspicion	This designation was popularized by Paul Ricouer, which sees the plain meaning of a text as concealing a subtext or deeper meaning that is often politically motivated
romanesque	The Romanesque style of church architecture was the first international style of architecture to come about after the fall of the Roman Empire, and became prevalent in Europe circa 1050-1200
anomic suicide	Emile Durkheim滻 term for suicides that are the result of an absence of norms in society.
strainer arch	arch inserted across the space between two walls, to stop them leaning.
corona	Latin: crown
trefoil	A cusped decoration of three lobes.
circus	in ancient Rome, an oblong space, surrounded by seats, used for chariot races, games, and other spectacles.
double	A category of feast day (and the counterpart to single feast day).
lantern	a circular or polygonal turret surrounded by windows or openwork
moiety	division of a society into two halves based on descent.
tract	A sentence of scripture sung or said in place of the alleluia verse during Lent.
rusticate	to give a rustic appearance to masonry blocks by roughening their surface and beveling their edges so that the joints are indented.
social control	the rules, habits, and customs by which a society tries to maintain order.
etching ground	a resinous, acid-resistant substance used to cover a copper plate before an image is etched on it.
altarpiece	see retable
pentacle	five-pointed star, three dimensional
doric	An order of classical architecture - characterised by squat, flat, wedge-like capitals.
ethnomethodology	A theoretical perspective formulated by Garfinkel that examines how people’s background assumptions help them make sense of everyday situations.
gale	a strong, howling wind
horus	Son of Osiris and protector of the Pharaoh
quadrant vaulting	vaulting whose arc is one-quarter of a circle, or 90 degrees.
simple bow	The inclination of one's head and shoulders as a sign of respect .
frieze	Loosely applied to any decorated band, but strictly the architectural term for the middle division of an entablature, the horizontal structure lying above and across the columns.
iron age	The classification of human technological and cultural developments which are understood in sequential ages; Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age
tajwid	Definition pending.
mud brick	Square building bricks created from mud mixed with straw and left to dry in the sun
quatrefoil	an ornamental "four-leaf clover" shape —i.e., with four lobes radiating from a common center.
elevation	an architectural diagram showing the exterior (or, less often, interior) surface of a building as if projected onto a vertical plane.
colophon	a note placed at the end of a manuscript often by the scribe, giving information about its date or production.
gothic	The period of mediaeval architecture characterised by the use of the pointed arch
sex ratio	A ratio arrived at by dividing the number of males by the number of females.
metonymy	This is a popular literary way of writing that describes something or someone using a recurring metaphorical type language
exposition	The term used when consecrated bread is exposed for public worship.
inhabited vinescroll	Type of ornament popular in Northumbria, in which birds and beasts are disposed in a panel of stylized vine ornament, often pecking or biting the fruit.
shiva ratri	Shivaratri or Maha Shivaratri is the "Great Night of Shiva," the year's most important celebration of Shiva
proscaenium	(Latin) the theater’s stage.
supernatural	A term referring to forces or entities beyond or outside nature that can suspend, alter, or ignore physical forces (Stark and Finke 2000: 277).
roof boss	an ornamental knob covering the intersection of ribs in a vault or on a ceiling
aramaism	a Greek word or idiom borrowed from Aramaic that is used in such a way that it is influenced from the parent language.
overseer of the treasury	Calculated taxes and distributed tribute
greek cross	a cross in which all four arms are of equal length.
pyramidion	a small pyramid, as at the top of an obelisk.
civil rights	Rights that ensure that citizens are protected from harm by other citizens of the state and from the government itself.
orthogonals	the converging lines that meet at the vanishing point in the system of linear perspective.
anacoluthon	Incoherence or inconsistency in the syntax of a sentence.
semiduplex	Latin: half double
shaykh	The Arabic term "shaykh" literally means a gray-haired old man
lutheranism	Those Protestants who follow the teaching of Martin Luther.
hypostyle	a hall with a roof supported by rows of columns.
shame	the emotion experienced when we demand more respect from others than we think we are deserving of
color wheel	a circular, two-dimensional model illustrating the relationships of the various hues.
sesshin	Definition pending.
impasto	the thick application of paint, usually oil or acrylic, to a canvas or panel.
science	A systematic field of study or body of knowledge that aims, through experiment, observation, and deduction, to produce reliable explanations of phenomena, with reference to the material and physical world.
polis	city.
facing	an outer covering or sheathing.
mouldings	To introduce depth, shadow and a greater sense of line, materials like stone, brick and wood can be carved or manipulated
pontifical	The book containing the rites conducted by bishops (e.g
romanesque	Style of architecture which was prevalant in Western Europe c
confirmandi	All the candidates preparing to receive the sacrament of Confirmation.
otiose deity	a supreme god who established the order of the universe and is now remote from earthly concerns ("otiose" is Greek for "at rest). As a result, otiose deities are usually almost ignored in favor of lesser gods who take an interest in the everyday affairs of humans.
distress	psychological response of experiencing stress as subjectively unpleasant
mandorla	an oval or almond-shaped aureola, or radiance, surrounding the body of a holy person.
orthodox	In general, orthodox means having a "correct opinion or outlook" and is a term used by people in many religions who claim authority for traditional views and forms of their religion.
archeoastronomy	the application of astronomy to the study of ancient structures, e.g.,Stonehenge, Mississippi Valley earthmounds; included within archaeoastronomy is ethnoastronomy or the the study of astronomy of living traditional groups
pelta	A curvilinear shape, derived from that of a Roman shield.
mythic story line	the sequence of events in a myth that comprise the tale that accounts for the orderliness of the universe and that validates the customs and values of the society to which it belongs
satsang	Satsang literally means the "community of the good," and refers to those who gather together in a religious community for chanting, singing devotional songs called bhajans, study, or community worship.
tensile strength	the internal strength of a material that enables it to support itself without rupturing.
hermeneutics	Study of the methods of interpretation of texts
postmodern	In its most general sense, describes the blurring and breakdown of established canons (rules, standards), categories, distinctions, and boundaries.
canon	a set of rules, principles, or standards used to establish scales or proportions.
aspersion	English form of Asperges.
all souls	The faithful dead; formally commemorated on 2 November, but commemorated throughout the year at daily votive observances.
ordo	Latin: order; specifically a liturgical order of service.
soffit	The exposed underside of an architectural element, such as an arch, eave, moulding, etcetera
old ones	name encompassing all gods and goddess
pontiff/pontifical	Pontiff is used as an alternative form of reference to the Pope
peplos	in ancient Greece, a woolen outer garment worn by women, wrapped in folds about the body.
androcentric	Male centered
canonical	Belonging to some established official list
fusillade	simultaneous and continuous discharge of firearms
medicine	The institution responsible for defining and treating mental and physical problems among its members.
gregorian calendar	The astronomical calendar introduced by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582 to compensate for errors in the earlier calendar of Julius Caesar
propertius	(51 BCE d?) Roman poet; Propertius is best known for writing love poetry; his first two books consist mostly of love poems; he directed much of his poetry to a woman he names as “Cynthia”, although it is not known who Cynthia was supposed to be.
finial	A finial is an ornamental top of a canopy, gable or church tower, often resembling a small spire.
quay	a wharf for loading and unloading ships
purbeck marble	hard dark stone resembling marble, quarried from the Isle of Purbeck, Dorset.
yoruba religion	The Yoruba are a West African people in the area now called Nigeria and Benin
hakka	A people from south-eastern China, especially around Canton.
recessional	The final hymn sung as the recession takes place.
quarries	(Literally -Squares.)
soldados de cuera	The term used to describe the Spanish soldiers, named after their distinctive reinforced leather jacket
cable moulding	(Sometimes Rope Moulding) Originally a Norman moulding imitating the twisted strands of a rope.
dean	A senior clergyman
minaret	The minaret is a tower often built to adorn a mosque, from which the call to prayer may be sounded.
springing	(a) the architectural member of an arch that is the first to curve inward from the vertical; (b) the point at which this curvature begins.
dispensation	An exemption from Church law.
modernism	A design style dating from the 1920s characterised by clean lines and a search for proportion in which form follows function; decoration is minimal
cartouche	an oval or scroll-shaped design or ornament, usually containing an inscription, a heraldic device, or (as in Egypt) a ruler's name.
persepolis	a large settlement in Persis where the Achmaeneid royalty kept a residence; in 331 BCE, Alexander the Great conquered Persepolis and razed it; Alexander's men burned and looted the city; archaeological excavations of Persepolis have unearthed many administrative texts and reliefs.
navjote	The Zoroastrian initiation ceremony is referred to as a Navjote by Parsis and as Sudreh-Pushi by Iranian Zoroastrians
caballero	Man on horseback.
kore	Greek word for maiden; an Archaic Greek statue of a standing female, usually clothed.
maniple	A liturgical napkin
contrast	an abrupt change, such as that created by the juxtaposition of dissimilar colors, objects, etc.
benedictine	Benedictines are members of monastic orders who live according to the Rule of St
docetism	Jesus only seemed to be human (from Greek, dokeo, to seem).
girdle	See Cincture.
glossolalia	the production of sound sequences that have no conventional meanings in speech-like acts
ambilineal	Principle of descent that does not automatically exclude the children of either sons or daughters.
apodosis	the main clause of a conditional sentence.
unpropitious	unfavorable; disadvantageous
plautus	Titus Maccius Plautus, a Roman comedic playwright who wrote in Latin verse; born ca
celebrator	Used only to describe a participant in a nonreligious celebration.
law	A binding custom or practice of society that is codified (written down) and enforced by legitimate governmental authority.
lexicography	the means and task of making a dictionary.
pompeii	a city located in Italy near Naples; it was destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 CE; Pompeii was remarkably well preserved under volcanic ash; Pompeii was rediscovered in 1748, and further excavated in the 19th century; Pompeii remains popular as an archaeological and tourist site for those interested in classical antiquity.
interfaith observer	Definition pending.
working poor	The class composed of people whose work leaves them vulnerable to falling below the poverty level.
transegoic	A level of development after the emergence of mental-egoic consciousness.
abscond	to hide away from the law, in haste and in secret
high magic	ritual magic, magic focused on spiritual realm
evensong	An evening worship service, often featuring a choir.
halal	Halal means "permissible" or "pure.
font	A sacramental basin holding water for Holy Baptism, and mounted on a pedestal of wood or stone
range	block of buildings.
entasis	the slight bulging of a Doric column, which is at its greatest about one third of the distance from the base.
status set	The collection of all of our different statuses, from every setting in which we are a member.
rosin	a crumbly resin used in making varnishes and lacquers.
spiral dance	The spiral dance is a Pagan ritual dance that follows a snake-like coiling pattern
holism	A perspective that views phenomena in terms of their properties as wholes.
polyglot	A scroll or codex that contained the scriptures or scriptural book in several different languages.
palette knife	a knife with a flat, flexible blade and no cutting edge, used to mix and spread paint.
paleography	The study of ancient writings that study the form and handwriting.
social mobility	Movement up or down the social hierarchy.
gita	Definition pending.
general ordination exams	Tests required of most seminarians before graduation from seminary.
penitence	See BCP P
dyke	A bank, often used to describe a linear rampart
hallowmas	The Feast of All Saints (or "All Hallows"), November 1
chryselephantine	consisting of, or decorated with, gold and ivory.
dormer window	Usually small, these windows are found in roofs lighting attic rooms
magnificat	A canticle, the Song of Mary, from the first chapter of Saint Luke's Gospel, sung at daily Evening Prayer
bolline	a small, white handled knife
form criticism	This is a method of analysing the genres of oral units of text and how it developed and became a part of a particular biblical book
pier	a vertical support used to bear loads in an arched or vaulted structure.
choragic	A reference to the chorus leader in ancient Greece, whose victory in the competitive choral dances was celebrated by erecting a small decorative structure.
vajra	Vajra means both "diamond" and "thunderbolt.
jagannatha	Jagannatha is Krishna as "Lord of the Universe," especially as he is present in the simple, saucer-eyed wooden form worshipped in the pilgrimage town of Puri in the Indian state of Orissa and beloved by worshippers of Krishna both in India and the West
anglo norman	refers to the period when, after the conquest of England by William of Normandy in 1066, political but also cultural -hence architectural- cross-Channel influences were fundamental
pheidippides	son of Strepsiades in the Clouds.
abacus	the flat slab that forms the topmost unit of a Doric column and on which the architrave rests.
imprecation	a curse
portal	the doorway of a church and the architectural composition surrounding it.
pre-tannaim	The Rabbis of the period from 200 BCE to 10 CE.
tunnel vault	see barrel vault.
column	a cylindrical support, usually with three parts—base, shaft, and capital.
enterclose	a partition.
mannerism	A movement in art, at the end or just after the Renaissance, where artists attempted to bring emotion and intensity to their work
aural	Listening
category	A collection of people who share a particular characteristic but have nothing else in common.
equality	Equality is about making sure people are treated fairly and given fair chances
c	chancel
tracery	a decorative, interlaced design (as in the stonework in Gothic windows).
miniature	a representation executed on a much smaller scale than the original object.
rose window	Circular window with radiating tracery resembling spokes in a wheel.
dharmachakra	see mudrā.
directorium	A guide to the interpretation of the fixed and variable elements of the liturgical Calendar.
arcade	row of arches, usually supported on colums.
maha bodhi society	Definition pending.
communion rail gates	See Altar Rail Gates.
pew	Wooden seats or benches in the church
calligraphy	handwriting designed to be beautiful; calligraphic writing or drawing can be expressive as well as beautiful.
boss	In Gothic architecture a boss or ceiling boss is a knob, often richly decorated or painted, projecting from the ceiling of a church where a group of supporting roof arches meet.
punkahs	large fans made from palm leaves, usually hung from the ceiling
canon law	The rules, canons or laws, which provide the norms for good order in the visible society of the Church
grubenhaus	Sunken-floor hut popular in Britain and on the Continent in the pagan Saxon period, but continuing in use later.
lacuna	In text criticism, a gap or discontinuity in the original language text
incense	A fragrant powder burned in a small dish or pot; used during the service or in the processions
aisle	Area of church separated by an arcade of columns or piers.
gender socialization	The tendency for boys and girls to be socialized differently.
gild	In the Middle Ages a religious or craft association, usually urban, which acted as a mutual society for its members
kingdom hall	A Kingdom Hall is the name the Jehovah's Witnesses give to their place of worship.
manus dei	Literally 'the hand of God'
balustrade	Small columns joined together by a rail; these can be found on the top of buildings, used in balconies, or in staircases.
interfaith council	Definition pending.
pentheus	Theban king, tragic hero of the Bacchae who is sent by Dionysus to spy on the Bacchantes and once discovered is torn to pieces.
protagonist	the leading character or hero in ancient Greek tragedy; in modern literary criticism, the central character in a drama or another
gender	Gender is the term used to describe key characteristics of male and female behaviour
annulet	(Literally a ring) Shaft - ring
sephardic	Sephardic is an adjective used to refer to the Jewish culture which developed in Spain and the Mediterranean, in contradistinction to Ashkenazic Jewry, which has its distinctive roots in Germany and Eastern Europe
celebrant's chair	See Sedilia.
stereotype	An assumption we make about a person or a group, often on the basis of incorrect or incomplete information.
imbolc/imbolg	Sabbat held on February 2nd
har	A mountain.
chancel arch	The arch separating the chancel from the nave or crossing.
iftar	Iftar is "breaking the fast" at the end of each day of the month of Ramadan
reader	the third rank of minor orders of the ministry; they had a range of functions at different times and in different regions, which included conducting readings during services; also known as lector
high priest/hp	male head of coven; representative of God
text	Something that is creatively "read," interpreted, and assigned meaning by each person who receives it; includes any media-borne image, such as Carnaval.
purple	This color, or some shade of violet, in vestments usually indicates that the wearer is a bishop.
arcade	A row of arches.
pantheon	All the gods of a people
gesso	a white coating made of chalk, plaster, and size that is spread over a surface to make it more receptive to paint.
bier	The stand upon which a casket rests during the Burial of the Dead.
paradoxes	statements that are true if and only if they are false but false if and only if they are true
polyptych	a painting or relief, usually an altarpiece, composed of more than three sections.
pendentive	in a domed building, an inwardly curving triangular section of the vaulting that provides a transition from the round base of the dome to the supporting piers.
neophyte	a novice or new recruit.
signs	objects or actions that have a natural meaning, a meaning based on the similarity between them and what they stand for, the consistent co-occurrence in nature of them and their the things they stand for, or a connection between the two that is determined by biology.
brahma kumari	The Brahma Kumari movement is a worldwide spiritual movement founded in India in 1936 by Prajapita Brahma, with its international headquarters at Mount Abu and over 3,700 branches worldwide
curvilinear	composed of, or bounded by, curved lines.
tet	Definition pending.
pillar	a large vertical architectural element, usually freestanding and load-bearing.
gestalt	Gestalt is a common German word meaning ‘form’ or ‘figure’ as in ‘what a fine figure of a man’, but has special connotations which Goethe explained in this way:
buttress	A mass of brickwork built against a wall to carry the thrust and provide strength.
mano	The light, moveable upper stone of a quern
thanksgiving after communion	Veni Creator Spiritus
relieving arch	An arch constructed above a door or window to take the thrust of the masonry
filial boldness	Trusting in God to answer our needs as children trust their parents (Mk 11:24) (CCC 2610).
dream yoga	A Tibetan Buddhist lucid dream practice that is believed to prepare the practitioner for the process of dying and the entry into the bardo realms.
jollity	a party; joyfulness
public transcript	As used by James Scott, the open, public interactions between dominators and oppressed-the outer shell of power relations.
serekh	a rectangular outline containing the name of a king in the Early Dynastic period of ancient Egypt.
metate	A flat slab of rock used to grind seeds, nuts and plant foods into flour.
upper egypt	The southern half of Egypt, centered around the Nile River Valley
sangat	Sangat is a Punjabi term for "community" and refers particularly to the religious community.
fecund	fertile; productive
fortification	Something that serves to fortify, especially military works erected to fortify a position or place
sequence	A medieval, non-scriptural text composed in verse sung after the Alleluia (or Tract) on most important liturgical days; the same melody is generally used for a pair of stanzas.
palmifer	(Latin) palm-tree bearing.
monumental	being, or appearing to be, larger than life-sized.
unity	or identity with or absorption into the
jum'ah	Friday is called Yawm al-Jum'ah in Arabic, meaning the Day of Assembly
harmikā	a square platform surmounting the dome of a Buddhist stupa.
parable	An earthly story with a heavenly meaning (I ripped this definition off from someone, thanks whoever you are!!)
representational	representing natural objects in recognizable form.
parson	Now rare in Episcopal usage
gelug school	The Gelug or Gelugpa School is one of four major schools of Tibetan Buddhism: Nyingma, Sakya, Kagyu, and Gelug
convention	a custom, practice, or principle that is generally recognized and accepted.
tracery	the ornamental intersecting stonework in the upper part of a window, screen or panel
species	Holy Communion can be received under both species – the bread and the wine – or under only one species, the bread.
scribe	An educated official or public secretary or clerk
drip technique	a painting technique in which paint is dripped from a brush or stick onto a horizontal canvas or other ground.
lord's supper	The Eucharistic meal.
samhain	Sabbat held on October 31st
pastel	a crayon made of ground pigments and a gum binder, used as a drawing medium.
kneeling	A body position where both knees are on the floor, or a pad if one is provided, and one's posterior is not resting on anything
anglican	The word simply means "English." Members of the Anglican Communion, including the Episcopal Church, are those that derived their origins from The Church of England, which split from the Roman church in the 16th century.
jain monk	Definition pending.
gun-loops	Round holes pierced through the walls of castles and manor houses from the fifteenth century onwards
sphinx	in ancient Egypt, a creature with the body of a lion and the head of a human, an animal, or a bird.
skene	in a Greek theater, the stone structure behind the orchestra that served as a backdrop or stage wall.
mihrab	The mihrab is the niche in the wall of a mosque indicating the direction (qiblah) of the Ka'bah in Makkah, thus the direction of ritual prayer.
leitwort	German for 'leading word.' Used to describe the repetition or use of a word within a passage that may aim to tie together a theme or plot.
beck	North of England term for a (usually mountain) stream
grange	a monastic farm settlement at some distance from the abbey, supervised by a monk and staffed by lay brothers, created to cultivate one of the abbey's estates.
pharaoh	A king of ancient Egypt
stratification	Characteristic of a system with socioeconomic strata, sharp social divisions based on unequal access to wealth and power; see stratum.
burning pot	Burning Pot: burning pots are used for the purpose of clearing the negative energy and dark clouds that sometimes gather in a home or workplace
improperia	Latin: reproaches
hydria	an ancient Greek or Roman water jar.
latin-cross plan	See: Cruciform Plan.
lammas	Sabbat held on August 1st
pathfinder	An early explorer who established trails in un-charted territory.
seriation	a technique for determining a chronology by studying a particular type or style and analyzing the increase or decrease in its popularity.
lectio	Latin: a reading; generally scriptural.
rule of st augustine	a rule for religious community life first devised by a follower of St Augustine of Hippo in the 5th century; revived in the 11th century for use by the regular canons
pitched roof	see gable roof.
burin	a metal tool with a sharp point to incise designs on pottery and etching plates, for example.
catechism	An elementary instruction in the principles of Christianity, in the form of questions and answers
g	gothic architecture
pluto	(see entry (2) in Perseus Encyclopedia) Roman god of underworld and the dead; also known as as Orcus, Dis, or Dis Pater; identified with Hades.
mardi gras	Literally "fat Tuesday," a festival day ending a period of celebration and excess; usually occurs mid to late February, sometimes early March
patristics	The study of the church fathers and their writings.
apse	Smaller apses which complete the main one.
whitsunday	The old name for Pentecost Sunday, the day described in Acts 2.
net vault	A net vault is a type of vault with a complex system of supporting ribs which has the appearancea of a net
axis	an imaginary straight line passing through the center of a figure, form, or structure and about which that figure is imagined to rotate.
stucco	A slow-setting, durable plaster used for modelling.
cosmovision	a merging of "cosmogony" and "cosmology" by ethnoastronomers; for Meso-Americans this is a worldview that integrates the structure of space and rhythms of time into a unified whole, a structured and systemical worldview
chreia	A greek rhetoric term for short, pithy sayings or stories.
reform judaism	Reform Judaism is one of the major modern Jewish movements, originating in 19th century Europe and coming to flower in the United States
easel	a frame for supporting a canvas or wooden panel.
random sample	A sample in which all members of the population have an equal statistical chance of being included.
elucidate	to make clear; to explain
versicle	a short sentence, often from the Psalms, sung antiphonally during worship; it is answered by a response from the other part of the choir
whirling dervishes	Definition pending.
chiastic parallelism	Exhibiting the literary structure of chiasm, especially in the actual narrative structure
corbel	A supporting piece of stone or wood, projecting out from a wall
equinox	The equinoxes, which happen twice a year, are days when night and day are of equal duration
stratigraphy	The scientific process of interpreting the accumulation of layers of debris and soil over time
register	a range or row, especially when one of a series.
composite	An order of Classical architecture comprising capitals with leaves and curly Ionic ornamentation.
text-type	Manuscripts that together exhibit distinctive characteristics, apart from other manuscript text-types
mendicant orders	term for the friars; the term refers to begging because of their dependence on alms for their support
geniza	A Geniza were ancient library stashes, where the Jews stashed old copies of books that were no longer useful, often because they've deteriorated
white flight	The migration of whites from all-white communities to escape forced integration.
order	series of concentric stages (e.g
young jains of america	Young Jains of America was formed in 1989 during the fifth biennial convention of JAINA
basso relievo	A sculpture in low relief; a method of sculpturing figures on a flat surface, the figures being slightly raised above the surface
light	A window opening.
traverse rib	See rib vault
glyptic art	the art of carving or engraving, especially on small objects such as seals or precious stones.
gematria	A method of interpreting the numbers in ancient texts
ganesha	Ganesha is the elephant-headed son of Shiva and Parvati and the keeper of the thresholds of space and time, to be honored at the doorway and at the outset of any venture
lavabo bowl	The metal or ceramic dish into which the water is poured by the server at the lavabo.
type	a story from the Old Testament which was held to prefigure a story from the New Testament
campanario	Bell tower
cultural relativism	The position that the values and standards of cultures differ and deserve respect
hellenismos	Hellenismos is the reconstructed practice of ancient Greek religion
didactic	Text or discourse which provides instruction, information, or teaching.
terra-cotta	(a) an earthenware material, with or without a glaze; (b) an object made of this material.
tracery	Decorative open patterns in the stonework at the heads of Gothic windows, etc.
reinforced concrete	concrete strengthened by embedding an internal structure of wire mesh or rods.
apodeictic or apodictic	The feature of any proposition which is necessary, perfect, or true
kindred	people related to one another by blood, marriage, and adoption.
ziggurat	A rectangular stepped tower using pyramid forms to attain height.
solstice	The solstices are the extreme points in the yearly cycle of light and dark
tomb	A place where a burial has been made
daily office	Another name for Morning Prayer.
sympathetic magic	magic which works on the principle that like attracts like; image magic; creative visualization
sea peoples	Various tribal groups of the Mediterranean who took up arms to attack the Mycenaean, Hittite and Egyptian empires and destroy many cities around 1200 BCE
capitalist world economy	The single world system, which emerged in the 16th century, committed to production for sale, with the object of maximizing profits rather than supplying domestic needs.
amir	Amir means "Commander" or "Prince." Originally a military term, the Muslim caliph was known as Amir al-Mu'minin, the "commander of the faithful.
architrave	a horizontal element placed over a door
vaulting rib	a diagonal arched rib which supports the cell of a vault
linear	a style in which lines are used to depict figures with precise, fully indicated outlines.
rites	Church services.
canon	Greek for rule, norm, standard, measure
skyclad	naked
spirit	the fifth (yes, fifth) of the four magical elements
casa-reales	Government buildings, town hall.
incise	to cut designs or letters into a hard surface with a sharp instrument.
narthex	a porch or vestibule in early Christian churches.
chaff	The dry bracts enclosing mature grains of wheat and some other cereal grasses, removed during threshing
tiep hien order	The Tiep Hien Order was founded by Thich Nhat Hanh and others in Vietnam during the Vietnam War
visitation	the periodic inspection by a bishop of the temporal and spiritual affairs of a diocese which are under his control, or by an abbot or monastic official of houses within his jurisdiction
oblation	the act of offering the Eucharistic gifts to God.
santiago	crusading order founded in Spain in the 12th century; unlike the other Spanish military orders its members were lay persons
beehive corbelling	A technique of producing a dome-like vault by oversailing courses of masonry
lavanderia	Laundry.
orientation	Traditionally, western Christian churches are oriented, that is to say they are built upon the ground in such a manner that the central axis of the building was aligned from west to east with the chancel located in the eastern end of the building
pseudonym	A fictitious name used by an author.
covenant	A covenant (or brit) is a mutual promise or compact between two parties
sash window	Glass is set in two wood, metal or plastic frames to form a sash window, one or both of which can be moved up and down with the aid of pulleys so that the windows can be opened.
songs	meaningful speech produced as a part of music
prebendary	one in receipt of the revenues attached to a canonry in a cathedral or collegiate church.
kemet	Literally ‘Black Land’ referring to narrow fertile valley either side of the Nile and Delta region
tonglen	A Tibetan meditation practice in which the meditator visualizes taking negative and harmful influences into the self and sending out positive and beneficial influences.
term	DEFINITION
verandah	an open balcony or porch, usually covered
pay	A small container used for transporting the Host
talud-tablero	an architectural style typical of Teotihuacán sacred structures in which paired elements—a sloping base (the talud) supporting a vertical tablero (often decorated with sculpture or painting)—are stacked, sometimes to great heights.
jambs	the upright surfaces forming the sides of a doorway or window, often decorated with sculptures in Romanesque and Gothic churches.
alexandrian	Definition pending.
litotes	An understatement for effect
thangka	A thangka is a Tibetan scroll painting depicting images of Buddhas, bodhisattvas, or other divine beings, sometimes within the sacred circle of a mandala
talmud	A writer of many halakhic works, he is best known as the compiler of the Shulhan Arukh, a codification of halakhah still used by Orthodox and Ultra-Orthodox Jews today.
speos atemidos	Hatshepsut built a temple here which had a long text inscribed in it denouncing the Hyksos.
buddha's parinirvana day	Definition pending.
adoro te devote	Angele Dei
convent	The place where a community of Nuns live.
group dynamics	A term that implies that our thoughts and behavior are influenced by the groups of which we are members and, in turn, we influence the thought process and behavior of the group as a whole.
server	One who assists at the altar.
abbot's lodging	Rooms set aside for use by the abbot.
enamel	a vitreous coating applied by heat fusion to the surface of metal, glass, or pottery
vault	an arched ceiling or roof of stone or brick, sometimes imitated in wood or plaster
angelus	A form of prayer said 3 times per day; morning, noon and evening.
horarium	(1) a timetable for the day, especially in a monastery; (2) a book containing the Hours (i.e
geodesic dome	a dome-shaped framework consisting of small, interlocking polygonal units.
pyxis	a round vase used for storage of cosmetics (image).
tympanum	The space between the lintel and archway over a doorway or opening
birth cohort	The number of people born in a specific year.
mass media	Communications media that direct messages and entertainment at a wide audience.
siddur	Siddur means "order," and is the common term used for the Jewish prayerbook.
black magic	Black Magic: the misuse of power and the manipulation of energy and matter for selfish ends
step pyramid	a pyramid constructed of mastaba forms of successively decreasing size.
architrave	The horizontal block between columns or piers that spans the area between them.
rota romana	the papal court, founded in the 13th century
sentient	to be conscious; to have sense perception
hyksos	Literally "chiefs of foreign lands," a Semitic race of people who settled in the Nile River Delta in Egypt in the 19th and 18th centuries BCE
beltane eve	the night of April 30, one of the two times of the year when mortal rules are believed to be suspended and supernatural events are common
covenant	A biblical term describing an 'agreement' between God and his people.
cross section	a diagram showing a building cut by a vertical plane, usually at right angles to an axis.
chromatic	colored or pertaining to color.
patriarchy	A stratification system favoring men.
necking	a groove or molding at the top of a column or pilaster forming the transition from shaft to capital.
tenzin gyatso	Definition pending.
niche	A small opening or recess in a wall, usually built to accommodate a statue, but sometimes included just to add greater relief to a building, introducing shadow to a façade.
nationalism	Patriotism to the point of conquering and intolerance toward other nations.
propagate	to reproduce; to spread
arts and crafts movement	Founded after the 1851 Great Exhibition to improve standards of decorative design and to revive handicrafts, in direct opposition to the trend towards mass-production.
symbolism	the expression of meaning through the use of symbols
coalition	A government where two or more political parties join forces to form a voting majority in the legislative branch
style shifts	Variations in speech in different contexts.
ebiontism	Jesus was merely human
paten	sacramental bread (wafer)
retable	A ledge behind, or attached to, the high altar, where ornaments were placed.
lesser feasts and fasts	A book containing the collects, lessons, psalms, and short biographical material for the minor saints' days and observances found in the calendar of The Book ofCommon Prayer.
sole fide	Latin for 'Faith Alone', Luther's battle cry.
enfermero	An Indian male nurse who tended the numerous sick at the mission.
plenum servitium	Latin: full service
tympanum	A tympanum is the triangular or semi-circular area of wall situated within the arc of an arched doorway above the lintel
tok	Milkweed fiber used to make strings for a bow.
tongs	A two-pronged hand-held device for holding charcoal when lighting.
aquarius	the eleventh sign of the zodiac, ruling from January 21 – February 19; and Air sign ruled by the planet Uranus
renaissance	An historical period relating to the arts which had its origin in fifteenth-century Italy, and is generally considered to have lasted until the mid-sixteenth century
versicle	A short sentence, often taken from the Psalms, sung or said at the liturgy and followed by a response from the people.
pericope	From the Greek word meaning "cutting" or "section," a pericope describes the Scripture readings at Mass which are sections of books of the Bible.
utopia	Any imaginary state whose inhabitants live under perfect circumstances; ideal commonwealths described by Plato, Bacon, and St
vicarage	the endowment for a vicar
the ontario human rights code	A provincial law that gives everybody equal rights and opportunities without discrimination in the social areas of: employment, accommodation, goods, services and facilities, and membership in vocational associations and trade unions
roman canon	Now known as Eucharistic prayer I
dome	round shaped vault
wing	a side panel of an altarpiece or screen.
hendiadys	Using a conjunction to connect to adjectives that do not necessarily need a conjunction
secondary colors	hues produced by combining two primary colors.
conceptual art	art in which the idea is more important than the form or style.
coals	The burning charcoal in the thurible.
hospital	In the Middle Ages, a conventual establishment where pilgrims stayed or the poor and aged were cared for.
bas-relief	see low relief.
phoinikes	A Greek word meaning "reddish-purple"
brattice-cloth	(In the second sense of brattice) Strong tarred cloth used in mines instead of wooden bratticing.
necropolis	an ancient or prehistoric burial ground (literally "City of the Dead").
adobe	Sun-dried bricks made of clay mixed with straw and sometimes horse manure, then baked in the sun
close	an enclosed space, or precinct, usually next to a building such as a cathedral or castle.
valentine's day	Definition pending.
festiva	From Latin, joyful
sensei	Definition pending.
capitulary	a compilation of episcopal or other statutes.
precritical	The categorization of exegesis that did not use the tools of modern research and modern criticisms, especially work before the enlightenment.
sex	Biological characteristics that distinguish males from females.
dispensation	Exemption from a Church law in a particular case for a special reason.
tenebrous	dark or gloomy
santería	Definition pending.
annealing	To subject (glass or metal) to a process of heating and slow cooling in order to toughen and reduce brittleness
intensity	is proportional to the
gurbani	Definition pending.
plemochoe	covered bowl that often held perfume and oil (image).
diglossia	The existence of "high" (formal) and "low" (informal, familial) dialects of a single language, such as German.
imperialism	A policy of extending the rule of a nation or empire over foreign nations or of taking and holding foreign colonies.
complin	compline, n
crayon	a stick for drawing formed from powdered pigment mixed with wax.
intertextuality	Intertextuality refers to the relationship between texts and how they refer to or use one another
sine qua non	Latin for 'without which not'; i.e
rose window	see Wheel Window.
mattins	Used in this book to distinguish the Latin night Office of Matins from the service of Morning Prayer (Mattins) in the Church of England.
biomorphic	derived from or representing the forms of living things rather than abstract shapes.
tribune	Upper gallery located perpendicular to the central nave
trope	A medieval text, text and melody, or melody interpolated into an existing choral chant, especially in the Ordinary and Proper of the Mass; generally allocated to soloists
rampart	A defensive wall with a broad top and usually a stone parapet
woodcut	a relief printmaking process in which an image is carved on the surface of a wooden block by cutting away those parts that are not to be printed.
call to prayer	Definition pending.
haitian vodou	Vodou refers to the religious traditions of Haiti—a blend of Fon, Yoruba and Kongo traditions of Africa with French Catholicism
perjury	Giving one's word under oath falsely, or making a promise under oath without intending to keep it
skeptics	Skeptics are people who question religion, religious tenets, or other truth claims.
inflection	Inflection is the way many languages add tense or gender or plurality to a word
gospel	(1) an account of t he life of Christ
geschichte	German for 'history'
macrosociology	Sociological analysis focused on large-scale social forces.
chamberlain	Supervised palace officials and was the Pharaoh’s attendant
canopic	relating to the city of Canopus in ancient Egypt.
son	Definition pending.
scribe	A public clerk or secretary, especially in ancient times
eschaton	The climax of history
capitalism	The economic system in which the means of production are owned privately and individuals are free to keep the profits they make.
three-dimensional	having height, width, and depth.
aumbrey	A recess in a wall which could serve as a cupboard.
liturgy	From a combination of two Greek words, laos (people) and ergon (work)
nag hammadi library	A site in Egypt with a large and important deposit of early coptic texts that are primarily gnostic in origin were discocered
guadalupe	Definition pending.
multinational corporations	Large corporations that do business in a number of different countries.
hellenistic	The period from the 4th centurcy BCE, after Alexander's conquests, when Greek culture and language spread throughout the Ancient Near East
warden	head of a custody, or subsection of a province, within the Francisan order
capital	A capital cut from a square block with the low angles rounded off to the column below
cross	Used in ancient times for executions
peyote	Peyote is the popular name of the cactus Lophophora williamsii, which was called peyotl by the Aztec
cleric	A member of the clergy, or sometimes a clerk
chapter house	The place where a community (monastic or collegiate) met for its daily business.
genre	Of a particular style.
kinesics	body, facial, hand, and arm movements that are used to communicate.
aqueduct	a man-made conduit for transporting water.
architrave	the lowest unit of an entablature, resting directly on the capital of a column.
casuistry	a system of moral theology which takes full account of the circumstances and intentions of penitents and formulates rules for particular cases.
paradigm	A common model or pattern
emotion	a combination of the (1) feeling associated with a particular pattern of stress and (2) thoughts about the nature of the situation in which the feeling occurs
gender symbolism	symbols and metaphors that reflect the social roles of men and women
hexateuch	The Hexateuch is used to refer to the 5 books of Moses plus Joshua as a unit
medicine buddha	Definition pending.
active	power of the said body
gable	vertical triangular end of a building from the eaves to the apex.
catacomb	underground burial place consisting of a series of chambers
ecclesiastical	Refers to official structures or legal and organizational aspects of the Church.
bilateral kinship calculation	A system in which kinship ties are calculated equally through both sexes: mother and father, sister and brother, daughter and son, and so on.
astral projection	an out-of-body experience usually induced through trance
aerial perspective	a technique for creating the illusion of distance by the use of less distinct contours and a reduction in color intensity.
appearance	The way we look physically to other people.
http://stopableism.org/what.asp	Term: Aboriginal PeoplesA collective name for the original peoples of North America and their descendants
candlemas	Sabbat held on February 2nd; also known as Imbolg/Imbolc, Oimelc, or Candelaria Capricorn – tenth sign of the zodiac, ruling from December 23 – January 20; an Earth sign ruled by the planet Saturn
ostraca	A fragment of pottery that contains some sort of inscription on it.
astral body	representation of person or things found in astral plane
vault	Stone ceiling formed like arches, a rib is a projecting feature of a vault and is sometimes structural but can also be just ornamental.
habitat	The area or type of environment in which an organism or ecological community normally lives or occurs
obon	Definition pending.
rebel	According to Merton, a person who not only disagrees with the values and norms of society, but also deliberately attempts to destroy the system and replace it with a new one.
pictograph	Sign in a written script that uses pictures to represent words and objects
keystone	the central voussoir (or simply 'stone') of an arch that locks the other units in place
beat zen	Beat Zen is a term used to refer to the views of Zen Buddhism made popular to the American public through the Beat poets
ethnographic present	a description of a culture as it was prior to contact.
fanaga	A Spanish measure equal to 100 pounds.
penelope	faithful wife of Odysseus, mother of Telemachus; holds suitors at bay for 20 years by weaving Laertes' shroud by day and unraveling it by night because she would not remarry until the shroud was complete.
screen wall	a nonsupporting wall, often pierced by windows.
hypothesis	A statement of prediction that sets forth the basis for testing the relationship between variables in an attempt to link theory to reality.
centrally planned	radiating from a central point.
transgender	Transgender is a term that refers to a range of unconventional relationships to gender
cardinal virtues	Four pivotal human virtues that will govern our acts, order our passions, and guide our conduct in accordance with reason and faith (CCC 1805, 1834)
chancery	the secretarial office of a king or bishop.
cluster pier	a pier composed of a group, or cluster, of engaged column shafts, often used in Gothic architecture.
gender role	A set of behaviors, attitudes, and personality characteristics expected and encouraged of a person based on his or her sex.
perpendicular	Style of English Gothic architecture which flourished in England c
gothic arch	This is the classic pointed arch of European architecture
rebate	A recess cut in wood or stone to take the edge of another member that is to be secured in it.
morning prayer	A daily morning worship service without communion; Also known as the Daily Office and found on pages 37 (Rite I) and 75 (Rite II) in the prayer book
holocaust day	Yom ha-Shoah or Holocaust Remembrance Day has been added to the yearly Jewish calendar in order to remember the Holocaust or Shoah, and thus to insure that such a crime against humanity will not be repeated again
vara	Spanish yard of about 33 inches
inclusio	A literary sandwich
protasis	the subordinate clause of a conditional sentence.
magick	In Paganism, "magick" refers to the ritualization of one's spiritual intentions
grace	The term refers to an expression of unmerited divine love and assistance given to humans from God (Esposito et al
bmv	Beata Maria Virgo: the Blessed Virgin Mary, mother of Christ.
dhikr	Dhikr means "remembering" and refers to the Sufi form of devotional worship which usually involves rhythmic chanting of the names of God or litanies, sometimes accompanied by poetry, dance, drums or a reed flute.
motif	a recurrent element or theme in a work of art.
carrels	divisions of a chamber or cloister walk into individual study areas.
voluntary association	A group we choose to join, in which members are united by the pursuit of a common goal.
commendation	The rite at the conclusion of the Burial of the Dead (BCP, 482 or 499).
megaron	Greek for "large room"; used principally to denote a rectangular hall, usually supported by columns and fronted by a porch, traditional in ancient Greece since Mycenaean times.
manner of interacting	The attitudes that we convey in an attempt to get others to form certain impressions about us
entablature	the upper part of an Order, made up of architrave, frieze, cornice etc
maison dieu	almshouse, or residence for the poor
decorated	term applied to the style of Gothic architecture which flourished in England from about 1280 to 1340.
amoraim	The Rabbi's of the period between 220 CE to the 6th century
targum	An ancient Aramaic paraphrase\translation of the Hebrew bible
surplice	An ample white vestment worn over a cassock or other vestments
bme	Term currently used to describe a range of communities and groups in the UK – can be used to mean the main Black and Asian and Mixed racial minority communities or it can be used to include all minority communities, including white minority communities.
landscape	a pictorial representation of natural scenery.
trigintale	See Trental.
dysfunction consequence	An unintended and opposite consequence of an action.