Glossary extracted starting with automatic seeds, with PTM for the domain psy and language EN

androgyny	gender role identity where an individual possesses both male and female (personality) characteristics.
negative cognitive triad	perspective seen in depressed people in which they have negative views of themselves, of the world, and of the future
public territory	a type of territory where there is a low amount of occupation and perception of ownership, for instance a beach.
certification	A certificate given by a State or National Board to attest to a particular standard to practice a particular kind of counseling.
acting out	The behavioral manifestations of a person’s inner conflicts and/or feelings.
chlorpromazine	antipsychotic drug
side effects	Unwanted effects from taking mediation.
wraparound services	aspects of a treatment program that address difficult-to-treat problems, such as finding childcare while in treatment, arranging for proper housing, and finding employment.
empowered multiples	Most often, it refers to multiples who do not take a victim stance and who are not overly dependent on psychotherapy to the point that they become enmeshed in the therapy culture
prescribing onsite psychiatrist model	a model for a substance abuse treatment agency that includes on its staff a psychiatrist who works onsite from 4 to 16 hours a week
ethical hedonism	the view that individuals engage in moral behaviour, such as altruism, because it provides some personal advantage.
anti-depressant	Medication for the treatment of depression
pro-attitudinal behaviour	a tendency for people to behave in a manner that is consistent, with existing, underlying attitudes.
postmortem interval	PMI
psychosocial	involving a person's psychological well-being, as well as housing, employment, family, and other social aspects of life circumstances.
self-actualization	fulfillment of one's potential for love, creativity, and meaning
fantasy bond	The belief that a parent and a child are one and can not die.
collectivistic cultures	cultures that value group loyalty, prefer group to individual decisions and where the needs of the group outweigh the concerns of the individual.
graduate work	Study in a college at the graduate level.
radius	The outer and shorter of the two human forearm bones.
collaboration	in the context of treatment programs, collaboration is distinguished from consultation by the formal quality of the collaborative agreement, such as a memorandum of understanding or a service contract, which documents the roles and responsibilities each party will assume in a continuing relationship.
visual hallucination	visual perception of something that is not actually present
strong-campbell vocational test	A career interest test.
mtc	see Modified Therapeutic Community
multiple baseline design	type of study in which an intervention is given to the same individual but begun in different settings or is given to different individuals but at different points in time and in which the effects of the intervention are systematically observed
counter balancing	the systematic variation of the order of presentation of the levels of the independent variable (eg
cranial nerve	A nerve that carries sensory and motor output for the head and neck region
inhibition	1) In reference to neurons, it is a synaptic message that prevents the recipient cell from firing
semantic memory	general memories that involve general knowledge of the world, including facts.
estrogens	A group of sex hormones found more abundantly in females than males
carf	The Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities. This is the national accrediting body that surveys CPC’s programs and business practices every three years to ensure that we are providing efficient, effective, high quality services backed by sound organizational management.
genetic	inherited; having to do with information that is passed from parents to children through genes in sperm and egg cells.
immune system	An immune system is a system of biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease by identifying and killing pathogens and tumor cells.
assumption	something taken for granted as being true.
aids	see acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
ptsd	see posttraumatic stress disorder
assessment	a basic assessment consists of gathering key information and engaging in a process with the client that enables the counselor to understand the client's readiness for change, problem areas, COD diagnosis, disabilities, and strengths
cult	A journalistic term for an unorthodox system of religious beliefs and ritual that scholars of religion refrain from using.
electrophoresis	A technique used to separate DNA fragments
tardive dyskinesia	neurological disorder marked by involuntary movements of the tongue, face, mouth, or jaw, resulting from taking neuroleptic drugs
multiple personality disorder	Prior to the recovered-memory movement and its subsequent scandals and lawsuits, anyone who was found in therapy to be multiple supposedly had MPD
medication noncompliance	Not following a doctor's recommendation
defense mechanisms	strategies the ego uses to disguise or transform unconscious wishes
dysfunctional	functioning incorrectly or abnormally.
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a serious neurological disease that causes muscle weakness, disability and eventually death
insider	A person in a multiple system or group
antigen	A substance, alien to the body, that triggers the formation of an antibody.
dementia	Various mental impairment conditions.
little	Used as a noun, a young person in a multiple system
down syndrome	A condition that typically occurs when, at the time of conception, an extra copy of chromosome 21 is present in the egg
victim	Someone who has been abused
light therapy	treatment for seasonal affective disorder that involves exposure to bright lights during the winter months
serrated	Saw-like
accessibility	in long-term memory, the principle that remembering and forgetting are dependent on effective retrieval; without the proper cues, information which exists in long-term memory may not be accessible.
physiological	Pertaining to the physical part of a person.
genotype	the genetic code which is inherited and carried in DNA.
intractable vomitting	Intractable vomiting is a condition that is best described as the repeated vomiting that is resistant to any medical treatment
immune system	system that protects the body from disease-causing microorganisms and affects susceptibility to diseases
epoxide hydrolase	enzyme that hydrolyzes epoxide groups that may be introduced into xenobiotic molecules by cytochrome P450; 4.4.3
non-ionic diffusion	The transport across membranes of an ionizable drug molecule in its non-ionized form; 3.4.7
attention span	The ability to stay on task for an extended period of time.
carbon monoxide	carbon monoxideFunction: noun: a colorless odorless very toxic gas CO that burns to carbon dioxide with a blue flame and is formed as a product of the incomplete combustion of carbon
service integration	no one set of treatment interventions constitutes integrated treatment
symbiosis	a relationship between two animals where each animal benefits.
assassins	From the eleventh through the thirteenth century, a sect of Shiite Muslims called the Assassins used assassination as a tool for purifying the Muslim religion
indent	An impression left on paper caused by the force from a pen tip.
advanced program	a treatment program that has the capacity to provide integrated substance abuse and mental health treatment for clients with COD
botany	The scientific study if plants, relevant to forensics in terms of plant matter found at a crime scene or on an item of evidence.
serology	The analysis of bodily fluids such as blood, saliva and semen.
hydantoins	Hydantoins act on the cell membrane of neurons in the cortex of the brain
allergy	Reaction of the specific immune system against drugs or other allergens such as pollen, foodstuffs or microbial macromolecules leading to formation of allergen-specific antibodies or lymphocytes and clinical symptoms upon repeated allergen exposure; 1.2.3
spinocerebellar ataxia	This condition is a degenerative, progressive, genetic disease which affects both the brain and spinal cord, causing difficulty with coordination
biased sampling	a sample of participants is not representative of the population from which it was taken, and thus is likely to over-represent one group (e.g
variable	measurable factor or characteristic that can vary within an individual, between individuals, or both
beloved object	A person that another has projected their self love onto.
buffers	term used in social influence research to refer to any aspect of a situation that protects people from having to confront the consequences of their actions.
phobia	A persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that results in a compelling desire to avoid the dreaded object, activity, or situation (the phobic stimulus).
nutritional deficiency	Any deficiency of the nutrients that are required to sustain human life
immunity	Ability to resist infection and to heal
asymptomatic	Refers to infection or disease without signs of illness
psychological games	Mind games and power games.
critical value	the value that is compared with the observed (calculated) value in an inferential statistical test
intermittent explosive disorder	Failure to resist aggressive impulses and the person often displays extremely aggressive behaviors that are grossly out of proportion to the issue at hand
nausea and vomiting	Nausea is an uneasiness of the stomach that often precedes vomiting
slurred speech	a sign of depressant intoxication
automatic processing	a rapid mental operation that does not involve conscious awareness and often improves with practice, e.g
benign tumor	disinhibited growth of clonal cells that remains local and confined within a clear anatomical boundary (often a connective tissue capsule)
mental	refers to the mind, the collective aspects of intellect and consciousness.
cod	see co-occurring disorders
adaptation	a feature of an organism that has been shaped by natural selection so that it enhances the fitness of its possessor
ionotropic receptor	synonymous with ligand-gated ion channel
delusions of thought insertion	beliefs that one's thoughts are being controlled by outside forces
need for treatment	legal criterion operationalized as a signed certificate by two physicians stating that a person requires treatment but will not agree to it voluntarily; formerly a sufficient cause to hospitalize the person involuntarily and force him or her to undergo treatment
altruism	as with animal altruism, this involves some cost to the altruist and some benefit to the recipient
ph.d.	Doctor of Philosophy.
physical	The abuse is shown by stepping over the person’s boundaries in a physical manner such as hitting.
disability	The Australian Public Service Commission recognises two definitions:
dissociation	The subjective feeling of being out of touch with ones feelings, thoughts, or conscious awareness of self.
basal membrane	thin layer composed of proteins and proteoglycans to which endothelial or epithelial cells adhere
caffeine	chemical compound with stimulant effects
remission	a state in which a mental or physical disorder has been overcome or a disease process halted.
excitatory	that tends to excite or causes excitation.
predictive validity	an indicator of validity based on whether a test can accurately predict future performance on the measure in question.
aminoglycosides	The aminoglycosides comprise a group of antibiotics that kill bacteria by interfering with the synthesis of protein in the bacterial wall, causing disruption of intracellular contents and cell death
learning disability	learning disabilityFunction: noun: any of various disorders (as dyslexia or dysgraphia) that interfere with an individual's ability to learn resulting in impaired functioning in verbal language, reasoning, or academic skills (as reading, writing, and mathematics) and are thought to be caused by difficulties in processing and integrating information
capillary	tiny blood vessels between arteries and veins
remission	A period of time during which all or some of the symptoms of a disease have disappeared or decreased in severity
distribution	see drug distribution
hepatitis	an inflammation of the liver, with accompanying liver cell damage and risk of death
shingles	An acute infection caused by the herpes zoster virus, the same virus as causes chickenpox
tolerance	condition of experiencing less and less effect from the same dose of a substance
supervised living	A slightly lower level of service than Long-Term Rehabilitation, provided in CPC’s residential treatment facilities.
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder	a persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that is more frequently displayed and more serious than is typically observed in individuals at a comparable level of development.
intubation	The process of inserting a tube into a patient′s lungs to help with breathing.
delusions	Fixed beliefs that have no basis in reality.
apoptosis	programmed cell death
barbiturate hypnotics	Some barbiturates are useful in preventing epileptic seizures
trophic factors	Small proteins in the brain that are necessary for the development, function, and survival of specific groups of neurons.
magnetoencephalography	A technique that can quantitatively measure the strength of activity in various regions of the brain at millisecond resolution.
spirituality	A belief that there is meaning in life, which is highly idiosyncratic.
experiment	a test under controlled conditions made to either demonstrate a known truth, examine the validity of a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy of something previously untried.
rejection sensitivity	tendency to be hypervigilant and overreactive to signs of rejection from others
taboo	something that is avoided, banned, or not allowed because of a cultural belief.
unfalsifiable	a theory or hypothesis is unfalsifiable if it cannot be disproved by data and thus cannot be used to make predictions.
genotype	A pattern of genetic information that is unique to an individual or group
workplace stressors	aspects of the working environment (e.g
efficacy	strength of a drug's functional effect at saturating concentrations; 2.1, 2.7
halfway houses	living facilities that offer people with long-term mental health problems the opportunity to live in a structured, supportive environment while they are trying to reestablish employment and ties to family and friends
epilepsy	Epilepsy is a disorder of the central nervous system characterized by loss of consciousness and convulsions
mature love	Healthy love with good boundaries.
motor neuron	A neuron that carries information from the central nervous system to muscle.
power struggle	fight for prominence.
heart rate	heart rateFunction: noun: a measure of cardiac activity usu
aliquot	A portion of a specimen used for testing.
disease-modifying drugs	Disease-modifying therapies have been shown in clinical trials to modify the course of MS
arthritis	Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints, and can also cause inflammation of the tissue around the joints, as well as in other organs in the body
binge drinking	Drinking excessively at times, but not daily.
tangential thoughts	Thoughts that do not stay on one subject for any length of time.
prescription drug	prescription drugFunction: noun: a drug that can be obtained only by means of a physician's prescription
stress	a mismatch between the perceived demands of the environment and an organisms perceived ability to cope.
autokinetic effect	an optical illusion experienced when a person in a totally dark room sees a stationary spot of light appearing to move.
taste aversion	refers to a type of learning formed after one trial, whereby an association is formed between feelings of sickness and (usually) a particular food, resulting in an avoidance of the food.
diencephalon	a part of the forebrain, containing the thalamus and the hypothalamus.
cns	see central nervous system
positive result	Drug detected at or above the threshold of a test.
analgesic	pain killer, pain-killing; 3.4.6
heredity	The transmission of qualities from ancestors.
durham rule	legal principle stating that the presence of a mental disorder is sufficient to absolve an individual of responsibility for a crime
crystallised intelligence	knowledge and skills already acquired by a person, e.g
false self	In dysfunctional family theory, that part of the self that feels deeply flawed and shamed.
operation	the act of something being carried out.
anti-social personality disorder	A psychiatric condition characterized by chronic behavioral and social problems which often involves criminal behaviour.
psychologist	means a person who by years of study, training and experience has achieved professional recognition and standing in the field of clinical psychology.
acupressure points	The same points on the body as acupuncture points.
double-blind clinical study	A study in which neither the subjects (i.e
stigma	a negative association attached to some activity or condition
sex differences	commonly observed differences between males and females, that may be primary (associated with reproduction), secondary (biological, but not associated with reproduction) and differences of mental, emotional or behavioural characteristics.
bar chart	this is used to display nominal data and average scores in the form of a graph
clinician	Any health professional engaged in direct client or patient contact.
xyy syndrome	a chromosomal abnormality where there are three sex chromosomes
igm anti-hbc	A subclass of the hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb or anti-HBc). Positivity indicates recent infection with HBV (less than 6 months). Its presence indicates acute infection.
fluid intelligence	an abstract form of intelligence that includes the ability to analyse complex relationships, reason and find solutions to problems.
shotgun blasting	A dysfunctional communication technique of discussing too many issues at one time.
drug absorption	uptake of a drug from the compartment of application (for example the digestive tract) into the blood plasma; 3.2
median	Being neither multiple nor singlet
social loafing	the phenomenon in which people working together on a task tend to contribute less individual effort than they would if working alone.
stress management techniques	Stress may be considered as any physical, chemical, or emotional factor that causes bodily or mental unrest and that may be a factor in disease causation.
phantom pain	Pain that follows some amputations
emphysema	Emphysema is a lung condition featuring an abnormal accumulation of air in the lung's many tiny air sacs, a tissue called alveoli
auditory fatigue	occurs on exposure to intense sounds which cause a persistent reduction in apparent loudness.
circumstantiality	A term used to describe speech that is indirect and delayed in reaching the point because of unnecessary, tedious details, and parenthetic remarks.
hormone	chemical that carries messages throughout the body, potentially affecting a person's mood, level of energy, and reaction to stress
intake	An initial appointment where new clients meet with an MHP (see definition below) to provide basic information about themselves and their concerns.
clubhouse	A psychosocial rehabilitation program designed to provide a welcoming community for mental health consumers interested in participating in meaningful work. For more information, visit the CPC clubhouse’s web site at www.wallingfordhouse.org.
self-efficacy beliefs	beliefs that one can engage in the behaviors necessary to overcome a situation
case study	a detailed description of a single individual, typically used to provide information on the person's history and to aid in interpreting the person's behaviour.
will	the capability of conscious choice and decision and intention. Nietzsche defines will similarly to the "any internally motivated action" usage, but more narrowly
temperament	aspects of personality that exist at birth and are believed to be as a result of genetic influences.
infectious	able to spread by an agent such as a virus or bacterium.
gene	The segment of DNA that codes for the production of a particular protein.
long-term rehabilitation	Highest level of care available in CPC's residential treatment facilities, for individuals who require intensive supervision and assistance completing activities of daily living.
cervicobrachial syndrome	Cervicobrachial syndrome is a nonspecific term describing some combination of pain, numbness, weakness, and swelling in the region of the neck and shoulder.
aphasia	impaired ability to produce and comprehend language
mitotic-inhibiting chemotherapy drugs	Mitotic-inhibiting drugs act during a specific point in cell division (mitosis) known as metaphase that occurs just before the chromosomes divide and migrate to each end of the cell
hplc	High-performance liquid chromatography
antagonistic	opposition in physiological action; especially : interaction of two or more substances such that the action of any one of them on living cells or tissues is lessened.
advocacy	Typically refers to activities that are used to raise the profile of an issue and mobilize the forces necessary to change public opinion, policy and practice.
ip address	The specific numeric address of a computer.
limbic system	exists in mammals only
consultation	in the context of treatment programs, consultation is a traditional type of informal relationship among treatment providers, such as a referral or a request for exchanging information.
competitive inhibition	inhibition by a drug that reversibly binds to a receptor or enzyme and displaces the physiological ligand or substrate; 2.3.1
neuron	A nerve cell specialized for the transmission of information and characterized by long, fibrous projections called axons and shorter, branchlike projections called dendrites.
mental health program	an organized array of services and interventions with a primary focus on treating mental health disorders, whether providing acute stabilization or ongoing treatment.
patients' rights movement	movement to ensure that mental patients retain their basic rights and to remove them from institutions and care for them in the community
pcp	A hallucinogenic analgesic.
neural pathways	The pathway that nerve cells follow.
dystonia	Dystonia is a neurological movement disorder which causes muscles to spasm and contract involuntarily
crowd	may refer to a large, cohesive gathering of individuals or to the act of coming together to form a tightly-spaced group
myelin sheath	Compact fatty material that surrounds and insulates the axons of some neurons and accelerates the transmission of electrical signals.
managed health care	A type of insurance plan that has a network of providers at a reduced fee.
sexual orientation	preference for sexual partners of the same or opposite sex
eyewitness testimony	the study of the accuracy of memory following an accident or crime, and an exploration of the types of errors commonly made.
ec50	the concentration of a drug at which it exhibits 50% of its maximal effect; 2.7
post-traumatic stress disorder	a debilitating condition that often follows a terrifying physical or emotional event causing the person who survived the event to have persistent, frightening thoughts and memories, or flashbacks, of the ordeal
delirium	Severe state of mental confusion
postsynaptic	in a synapse, of or pertaining to the neuron that bears receptors for neurotransmitter released into the synaptic cleft by the presynaptic neuron.
anthropology	The science of the origin, culture, and development of human beings
genital herpes	An inflammatory skin disease in the genital area caused by herpes simplex virus or varicella-zoster virus; an eruption of groups of deep-seated vesicles on erythematous bases
mitochondria	Small cylindrical organelles inside cells that provide energy for the cell by converting sugar and oxygen into special energy molecules, called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
integrated treatment	any mechanism by which treatment interventions for co-occurring disorders are combined within the context of a primary treatment relationship or service setting
vertebral column	The column of bones, or vertebrae, that extends down the back and functions as a structural element for the body while also surrounding and protecting the spinal cord.
tight junction	complex protein structure that tightly connects the cytoplasmic membranes of two neighboring cells in an endothelial or epithelial cell layer and restricts the passage of fluid between the them; 3.3.2
leukemia	malignancy derived from any of the cell lines of the bone marrow
phonological disorder	disorder involving the use of speech sounds inappropriate for one's age or dialect
cognitive therapies	therapeutic approaches that focus on changing people's maladaptive thought patterns
residual limb pain	The term residual limb pain typically refers to the part of the body that remains after an amputation has been performed
physiology	scientific study of the physical and chemical principles of organ function; 1.1
rna interference	Sequence-specific inhibition of gene expression at the level of mRNA, induced by double-stranded RNA sequences; 13.3.5
cross sectional sample	a sample which is deliberately selected in such a way that the sample matches the population for particular characteristics, such as age and income.
depression	Feeling sad, down, blue, and hopelessness
cones	photoreceptor cells located in the centre of the retina that allow us to see colour.
observational learning	learning that occurs when a person observes the rewards and punishments of another's behavior and then behaves in accordance with the same rewards and punishments
cardiovascular system	consists of two parts, the heart and the blood vessels
culturally competent treatment	biopsychosocial or other treatment that is adapted to suit the special cultural beliefs, practices, and needs of a client.
operationalization	specific manner in which variables in a study are measured or manipulated
group polarisation	the tendency for groups to shift to make more extreme decisions than decisions made independently by members of the group
quadrants of care	a conceptual framework that classifies clients in four basic groups based on relative symptom severity, rather than by diagnosis.
jurisdiction	The authority to exert power legally within a specific area.
gender identity	one's perception of oneself as male or female
cy	any behaviour that is statistically infrequent is viewed as abnormal.
deficit	in the context of substance abuse treatment, disability, or inability to function fully.
psychiatric disorders	Any condition that affects ones mind
resting potential	membrane potential in excitable cells that prevails in the absence of action potentials; 6.1.2
refractory state	functional state of a receptor molecule, or of a cell, in which it is inactive and at the same time not amenable to activation; 2.5.5
allele	Any of multiple forms of a gene located at the same point on a particular pair of chromosomes.
validity	the extent to a test measures what it claims and was intended to measure.
interferon	Group of immune system proteins—alpha, beta and gamma—that are produced by different cells in the body
community college	A junior or two year college.
hepatitis b blood panel	There are three common hepatitis B tests that make up the Hepatitis B Blood Panel
capsid	protein shell, usually of icosahedral symmetry, that encases the nucleic acids of a viral genome
suicide	Taking one's own life or attempting to do so.
synaptic cleft	The space between two nerve cells.
muramyl-transpeptidase	see peptidoglycan
proficiency testing specimen	A specimen for which the expected results are unknown to anyone in a laboratory
private pay	Someone who pays all fees associated with his or her care without submitting a claim to an insurance company.
therapy	Treatment of a disease.
mid-continuum	See Median
acetaldehyde	toxic substance found in tobacco smoke which causes irritation of skin, eyes and respiratory tract and is thought to be associated with risk of cancer and fetal infection
private insurance	Insurance like that which is typically available to individuals or through an employer, as opposed to public insurance options such as Medicaid or Medicare.
assessment	a core function of public health involving the systematic collection and analysis of data to be used for decision making
lesion	See Plaque.
exocrine	(gland) secreting to the exterior
variability	in statistics, the dispersion of scores within a set of data.
central tendency	a single value which is representative of a set of numbers by indicating the most typical value
magnetic resonance imaging	A technique that uses magnetic fields to create a high-quality, three-dimensional image of organs and structures inside the body
biochemical	A chemical in the body.
british crime survey	a regular, large, face-toface survey of adults living in private households in England and Wales
antisense oligonucleotide	a stretch of single-stranded DNA or RNA, typically 15–25 nucleotides in length, that is complementary to some cellular or viral RNA molecule, and selectively interferes with its function through base-pairing; 1.2.2
allodynia	When something that normally isn’t painful causes pain (such as clothing touching the skin).
creativity	the capacity to produce something which is both unique and useful.
gastroenterology	The field of medicine that focuses on the function and disorders of the GI system, which includes the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, intestines, and liver.
attention seeking	Craving attention and the behavior that attempts to procure it.
h2 blockers	The release of gastric acid is triggered by histamine which acts on special histamine receptors (known as H2 receptors) in the gastric parietal cells lining the stomach
cognitive behavioural programmes	programmes designed to modify behaviour by changing attitudes and thoughts.
observer bias	the tendency for observers to record data that may be biased as a result of personal expectations (e.g
axon	the relatively elongated portion of a neuron between the cell body and the terminals which provides the signal pathway for a nerve impulse.
degenerative arthropathy	Degenerative arthropathy is a degenerative disease of the joints, in which there is metabolic defect in the joint (articular) cartilage
ballistics	The science of projectiles, particularly bullets.
stroke	acute occlusion or rupture of an artery of the brain, typically arising at an atherosclerotic lesion of that artery; 1.1.2
integration	A controversial act where all the people in a multiple system merge into one
family systems theories	theories that see the family as a complex system that works to maintain the status quo
level of measurement	the type of data collected; nominal, order, interval or ratio, which subsequently affects the inferential statistic used.
illogical thinking	Thinking that contains clear internal contradictions or in which conclusions are reached that are clearly erroneous, given the initial premises.
paxil	An anti-depressant.
abc transporter	membrane protein that uses ATP for active transport of out of or, in some cases, into the cell
muscle spasms	In terms of medicine, a muscle spasm is most appropriately defined as a sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle, muscle group or hollow organ such as the heart, or even a similarly sudden contraction of an orifice
monoamine oxidase	enzyme involved in the oxidative degradation of monoamine transmitters, and also in the metabolism of some drugs; 6.14.3
compliance	a form of social influence, whereby an individual seeks to influence another to comply with a demand.
dextran	metabolically inert glucose polymer produced by Leuconostoc bacteria; 1.2.2
ego	part of the psyche that channels libido to be acceptable to the superego and within the constraints of reality
dual diagnosis	Literally the presence of two diagnoses at the same time
dilated pupils	pupils that have become temporarily enlarged.
confirmation	in research, the process of determining that observations are consistent with the hypothesis being true.
streptomycetes	soil bacteria that are genetically related to mycobacteria
program	currently, substance abuse treatment programs use the Service Delivery Unit (SDU) as their program definition for the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services
action potential	An electrical charge that travels along the axon to the neuron's terminal, where it triggers the release of a neurotransmitter
clinical trials	Carefully planned and monitored tests of a new drug or treatment to see how effective it is.
construct validity	an indicator of validity, which aims to demonstrate that the phenomenon being measured actually exists, for example, by justifying it in relation to a model or theory.
sexual and reproductive health	This Canadian site deals with sexual and reproductive health
fundamentalism	This term is used to refer to people who dedicate their lives to pursuing the fundamentals of their religion.
scientific method	systematic method of obtaining and evaluating information relevant to a problem
odontologist	An individual specialising in dentistry, particularly bite mark impressions.
x chromosome	together with the Y chromosome, carries the genetic information that determines the sex of an organism
title xix	Title XIX (or Title 19) refers to the part of the United States Social Security Laws governing state medical assistance programs (i.e
lexipro	An anti-depressant.
symptom	Any change in the body or its functions, as perceived by the patient, which could indicate the presence of disease.
pathology	A branch of medical science studying the cause, nature and effect of diseases.
interdependence	when two or more things depend on each other.
ascites	A large, abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen that can occur due to liver failure, cirrhosis and liver cancer
language acquisition	the processes by which children acquire or develop human language.
cm	see contingency management
therapy	any process that aids understanding and recovery from psychological difficulties
being out	The experience of being in control of the body, interacting with the world-at-large
sustained response	A response to therapy that continues over a long time period. For example, a patient treated for chronic hepatitis B or C who remains free of the virus for at least 6 months after stopping treatment is considered to have a sustained response to therapy.
standard deviation	a measure of dispersion; average difference of a set of scores from the mean measure.
toxicity	poisonous nature; poisonous quality.
psychotic disorders	Psychiatric disorders with mental detachment from reality
low density lipoprotein	plasma lipoprotein species rich in cholesterol
huntington's disease	Inherited disease causing progressive mental deterioration.
chiropractor	A practitioner who manipulates the spine.
implosion therapy	a behavioural therapeutic technique to reduce a clients phobia, through requiring the client to imagine the fearful stimuli
epigenetics	study of how environmental conditions can change the expression of genes without changing the gene sequence
sexuality	The quality or state of being sexual.
legal problems	people who abuse substances are at a higher risk for engaging in behaviors that are high risk and illegal
cerebellum	A large structure located at the roof of in the hindbrain that helps control the coordination of movement by making connections to the pons, medulla, spinal cord, and thalamus
presenting self	Otherwise known as the main front, your singlet facade, the person that most people think "you" are
family systems therapy	psychotherapy that focuses on the family, rather than the individual, as the source of problems; family therapists challenge communication styles, disrupt pathological family dynamics, and challenge defensive conceptions in order to harmonize relationships among all members and within each member
rheumatoid arthritis	Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints, and can also cause inflammation of the tissue around the joints, as well as in other organs in the body.
laboratory experiments	conducted in a laboratory or a rigorously controlled environment, whereby the independent variable is manipulated, whilst all other extraneous variables are strictly controlled.
custom	a practice from the past that people continue to observe.
dopaminergic	see adrenergic
nightmares	Nightmares are dreams that cause high anxiety or terror
displacement	forgetting in short-term memory, as a result of to new incoming information replacing the previous contents
imipramine	An older generation anti-depressant.
antisocial personality disorder	pervasive pattern of criminal, impulsive, callous, and/or ruthless behavior, predicated on disregard for the rights of others and an absence of respect for social norms
genetic disposition	A term to describe the degree to which an individual is at genetic risk of an illness being passed on from one generation to the next.
gerontological society of america	The home page to the Gerontological Society of America provides links to journals, web sites, and other resources concerning gerontology.
hypothesis	testable statement about two or more variables and the relationship between them
smoking	The smoking of cigarettes
stress	Any external stimulus that threatens homeostasis — the normal equilibrium of body function
mood disorders	A set of psychiatric diagnoses in which the major problem is mood regulation
situational attribution	attributing behaviour to be caused by factors outside of a persons control, for instance task difficulty or weather.
diarrhea	diarrheaFunction: noun: abnormally frequent intestinal evacuations with more or less fluid stools
personal space	the physical region around us that we deem to be our own, in order to regulate interactions with others.
crohn's disease	Crohn's disease is an incurable chronic disease of the intestinal tract
adrenal cortex	An endocrine organ that secretes steroid hormones for metabolic functions; for example, in response to stress.
nodding out	slang term for the early stages of depressant-induced sleep
internship	A supervised work program common to many disciplines.
dependent personality disorder	A person who is inordinately dependent on others.
hepatocyte	A liver cell.
trypanosomes	protozoal parasites, causative agents of sleeping sickness and Chagas disease; 11.9.3
viral load	Measurement of the actual amount of virus in the bloodstream such as hepatitis B and C.
dark adaptation	the gradual process through which the eyes adjust from a change in illumination from light to low light intensity.
white matter	The part of the brain that contains myelinated nerve fibers
retina	A multilayered sensory tissue that lines the back of the eye and contains the receptor cells to detect light.
malignancy	behavior of tumors, characterized by genetic instability, local invasiveness, and metastasis formation; 12.1.1
cognitive pathology	a phenomenon whereby researchers selectively ignore simplifying assumptions and other limitations which are part of the foundations of their theories and methods.
anesthesia	A drug that heavily sedates.
sexual inhibition	The tendency to withhold sex and show little interest in sex.
gender	term commonly used to refer to the psychological characteristics (e.g
trigger	A sensory input or event which causes an instant and unavoidable reaction because of something with which it has been deeply associated in the past
date rape	A rape that occurs on a date, or with someone that the person who has been raped has a relationship with.
dysthymic disorder	A type of depressive disorder where a person experiences low grade depressive symptoms consistently over a long period of time with returning to a euthymic (normal) mood
degenerative arthritis	Degenerative arthritis, also called osteoarthritis, is a type of arthritis that is caused by the breakdown and eventual loss of the cartilage of one or more joints Osteoarthritis, also called degenerative arthritis, is a type of arthritis that is caused by the breakdown and eventual loss of the cartilage of one or more joints
drug conjugation	Coupling of drug molecules with functional groups derived from cosubstrates
functional disorder	A broad class of mental impairments that cannot be traced to an organic or physical origin.
single state agencies	systems that organize statewide services.
hepatologist	A doctor who specializes in the study and treatment of liver disease
socioeconomics	or socio-economics is the study of the relationship between economic activity and social life.
bruxism	Bruxism is a condition that is best characterized by an individual grinding their teeth and constantly clenching their jaw
delusions	Delusions are bizarre thoughts that have no basis in reality.
gender identity	an individual's perception about whether they are male or female.
act	see Assertive Community Treatment
y chromosome	see X chromosome.
wasting syndrome	Wasting Syndrome is the progressive involuntary weight loss seen in patients with debilitating medical conidtions such as HIV/AIDS, cancer, tuberculosis ,and more. Symptoms include profound involuntary weight loss of greater than 10% of baseline body weight, chronic diarrhea, chronic weakness and fever
sleepwalking	Sleepwalking is a condition in which an individual walks or does other activities while asleep
skin abscess	a collection of pus formed as a result of bacterial infection
dbt	Dialectical Behavior Therapy
participant	('subjecf) in research, an individual who is the object of study or who participates in an experiment.
acculturated	mentally and physically in harmony with and connected to the culture in which one lives.
tomography	Obtaining an X-ray image of a selected layer in an object.
metabolite	The product of metabolism.
classical conditioning	A type of behavioral learning in which a stimulus is paired with a response.
symptoms	Signs of a disease or condition.
barbiturates	Barbiturates are sedative drugs; some of them also possess an anticonvulsant action
choke	The constriction of a shotgun barrel to reduce the spread of the shot, thus increasing its range.
formaldehyde	A pungent gas used as a disinfectant, antiseptic, and fixative for tissues.
inductive reasoning	is the process by which a conclusion is drawn about the probability of psychological phenomena, based on evidence and past experience, from the specific to the general.
ice	slang term for smokeable methamphetamine
animal language	as an area of research, this refers to either (a) attempts to teach nonhuman animals to speak, or (b) studies of animals' 'natural' language in their own natural environment.
dual recovery groups	therapy groups in which recovery skills for co-occurring disorders are discussed.
contingency management	an approach to treatment that maintains that the form or frequency of behavior can be altered through a planned and organized system of positive and negative consequences
practice improvement collaboratives	community-based initiatives that link treatment providers, researchers, and policymakers in order to build a strong foundation to effect action.
hiv/aids	AIDS is a chronic, life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
post-traumatic arthritis	Post-traumatic arthritis develops after an injury such as a break or a dislocation, or after certain surgeries
waxy flexibility	Characteristic of catatonia in which the person remains in bodily postures positioned by another person.
adm	Assistant Deputy Minister, generally the second highest level in a bureaucracy
biochemical	refers to those chemical processes involving human biological function.
system variables	in witness testimony, variables that affect the accuracy of witness testimony and over which the police (and justice system in general) have some influence, including interviewing techniques.
hair cells	Sensory receptors in the cochlea that convert mechanical vibrations to electrical signals; they in turn excite the 30,000 fibers of the auditory nerve that carry the signals to the brainstem.
pulmonary	concerning the lungs; 3.2.1
medicaid	A jointly funded, Federal-State health insurance program for low-income and needy people
ventilator	A machine that breathes for a patient when he or she is unable to do so independently.
sleep disorders	Sleep disorders are conditions that cause a person to have difficulty sleeping
salvage pathway	metabolic pathway that diverts purine and pyrimidine bases or nucleosides from complete degradation and converts them back to intact nucleotides; 10.3.2
abrasion	An injury to the skin that removes the epithelial layer.
deviant behavior	behavior that is a recognised violation of social norms.?
transitional housing	A housing program that has limits on how long a person can stay. Usually 2 years for CPC programs.
split half reliability	an evaluation of the internal consistency of a test, by splitting test items randomly into two halves and comparing participants' performance on the two halves
herpes zoster	Also called shingles, zona or zoster
driver	Usually, a frontrunner
systems of care	Systems of Care is a term that describes when individuals from a community come together to identify what are the needs of the community and ultimately what they can do as a group to resolve those needs
icd	see International Classification of Disorders.
attenuator model of attention	Treisman's proposal that, instead of selecting one channel and blocking the others, the filtering mechanism (a) selects one channel and passes it on for semantic analysis, and (b) allows the unattended channels through for processing but in weakened (attenuated) form.
foot drop	Condition of weakness in the muscles of the leg caused by poor nerve conduction, which interferes with a person's ability to extend the ankle and walk with a normal pattern
college of education	The education department of a college.
maturation level	Level of development.
platelets	Cells that are produced in the bone marrow
nsaids	NSAIDS relieve pain and fever
tight junction	complex protein structure that tightly connects the cytoplasmic membranes of two neighboring cells in an endothelial or epithelial cell layer and restricts the passage of fluid between the them; 3.3.2, 3.3.3
olfactory bulb	A round, knoblike structure of the brain responsible for processing the sense of smell
intersystem linkages	connections between substance abuse treatment and mental health systems that allow collaboration
cortisol	hormone that helps the body respond to stressors, inducing the fight-or-flight response
method of loci	a technique to increase memory effectiveness through memorising a series of different locations (such as rooms in a house) and then imagining an item to be remembered at each location
formal collaboration	formal collaboration occurs when the nature of the client's disabilities requires more specific information and more complex and targeted intervention
subjective	a subjective assessment is one that is based on criteria that exist only or principally in the assessor
ligand-gated ion channel	ion channel that opens—or, in some cases, closes—in response to the binding of a ligand molecule
experimental studies	studies in which the independent variables are directly manipulated and the effects on the dependent variable are examined
murein	see peptidoglycan
exigent circumstances	Unusual or irregular circumstances requiring urgent and immediate intervention.
ccisc	see Comprehensive Continuous Integrated System of Care
counter factual thinking	thinking about events that did not actually take place, such as winning when we in fact lost.
hopelessness	sense that the future is bleak and there is no way to make it more positive
operational definition	a definition of a variable or condition on the basis of the exact operation or procedure that determines its existence and makes it usable
cognitive ability	the psychological concept that refers to such processes as perceiving, knowing, recognising, conceptualising, judging, and reasoning.
homeostasis	The state in which the body is in balance.
mental retardation	Insufficient intellectual capacity (due to genetic endowment, disease or injury) to cope with environmental demands resulting in the inability to establish an independent social existence.
rheumatoid arthritis	Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints, and can also cause inflammation of the tissue around the joints, as well as in other organs in the body
concentration	Amount of a drug in a unit volume of biological fluid, expressed as weight per volume
hepatitis	Refers to “inflammation of the liver”, which can be caused by many things such as viruses, bacterial infections, trauma, adverse drug reactions, or alcoholism
tolerance	over time, the need for greater dosages of a drug in order to achieve the same effect.
magnetic resonance imaging	Imaging technique based on detection of the response of water molecules to strong magnetic fields
alopecia areata	Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease in which the person's immune system attacks the hair follicles, causing the person's hair to fall out
chronic pain	Pain that lasts more than a month after an injury heals
mi	see motivational interviewing
sample	group of people taken from a population of interest to participate in a study
quantitative	Chemical analysis to determine the amounts of proportions of a mixture.
gastroenterologist	A person who specializes in gastroenterology, a branch of medicine concerned with the structure, functions, diseases, and pathology of the stomach and intestines.
deception	in research, the intentional misleading and misinforming of participants with regard to the aim of the study.
quadriplegia	Quadriplegia, also known as tetraplegia, is a form of bodily paralysis that is caused by an illness or a sustained injury to a part of the body that results in partial or total loss of the use of the limbs and torso
posttraumatic stress disorder	an illness whose essential feature is the development of characteristic symptoms following exposure to an extreme traumatic stressor involving direct personal experience of an event that involves actual or threatened death or serious injury, or other threat to one's physical integrity; or witnessing an event that involves death, injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of another person; or learning about unexpected or violent death, serious harm, or threat of death or injury experienced by a family member or other close friend or relative.
youth violence	Site discusses how environmental, community, family, and individual factors contribute to youth violence.
informed consent	procedure (often legally required prior to treatment administration) in which a patient receives a full and understandable explanation of the treatment being offered and makes a decision about whether to accept or refuse the treatment
evidence	Any items, documents and statements that are included in a legal investigation for the jury's or judge's consideration in the determination of an individual's guilt or innocence.
correlational analysis	a type of analysis used to measure the extent of relationship between variables that are thought likely to co-vary.
troop	A primary group of monkeys or humans.
deferred prosecution	Someone who has been charged with a misdemeanor or gross misdemeanor that is the result of or caused by alcohol or drug dependency or mental illness can be sent to a court-ordered treatment program rather than jail.
big	Used as a noun, an adult person in a multiple system
blood coagulation	formation of blood clots
transfer of training	refers to the way in which skills learnt in one situation may to be transferred to a second, related situation.
type 1 error	rejecting the null hypothesis when it should be accepted. Also called a false positive.
telemedicine	A type of medication management where the medical provider (Psychiatrist or APRN) is in one location and meets with the client by video conference at a separate location
concept	an idea or group of ideas that might be used as the basis for a psychological theory.
amendment	modification of legislation by parliamentary or constitutional procedure for the purpose of improving or updating the legislation in some way
availability theory	an idea from alcohol policy to the effect that increased availability leads to increased consumption which in turn leads to increased problem rates
endogenous	caused by factors within the body or mind or arising from internal structural or functional causes.
t-cells	A type of white blood cells that are involved in rejecting foreign tissue, regulating immunity, and controlling the production of antibodies to fight infection.
nucleus	The section of the cell containing the DNA and RNA.
innate	Belonging to the essential nature of a person.
immune system	system of cells and chemicals within the body that defends against infection and disease, by seeking out and destroying harmful influences.
adderall	A psycho-stimulant used in the treatment of ADD.
post concussion syndrome	Post-Concussion Syndrome, also referred to as postconcussive syndrome or PCS is characterized by a list of symptoms that can last for weeks, months, or even up to a year or more following a concussion
intellect	the faculty of reasoning, knowing and thinking, as distinct from feeling; the understanding or mental powers of a particular person etc.
lupus	Autoimmune disease with numerous effects on various organs and linings.
perceptual defence	a phenomenon whereby words that have a high degree of emotional content or might be considered 'taboo' are perceptually recognised less easily than neutral valence words.
ligature	An object used to bind or strangle someone.
diabetic peripheral vascular disease	Narrowing of the lumen of arteries in the legs, causing a reduction in circulation
coroner	A medical examiner or elected official who may, in some jurisdictions, lead a death investigation.
grief	The emotion of and recognition of loss and a stage in grief.
distal tubule	part of the nephron
protease inhibitor	protease is an enzyme used by the HIV to process new copies of the virus after it has reproduced
hmg-coa reductase	key enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol
dual diagnosis enhanced	of or pertaining to programs that have a higher than average level of integration of substance abuse and mental health treatment services
elevated intraocular pressure	Elevated intraocular pressure can be coined a term that is used to describe an intense amount of fluid pressure buildup in the inside of a patient's eye
frontrunner	Usually, a person who habitually occupies the front position or is accustomed to doing so
chromosomes	thread-like genetic structures composed of double strands of DNA and proteins, containing the genes; in humans, there are twenty-three pairs of chromosomes.
pain management	the various measures and techniques employed to control and reduce pain.
chemotherapy induced anorexia	Chemotherapy-induced anorexia, often refered to as cachexia, is among one of the most debilitating and life-threatening aspects of cancer
mental health treatment system	a broad array of services and programs intended to treat a wide range of mental health disorders.
velocardiofacial syndrome	A genetic disorder which can present with a wide range of phenotypic manifestations which has lead to a number of different names being assigned to the various presentations e.g
bias	a source of error which results in a systematic distortion of results.
ontogeny	the evolution (i.e
metastasis	(pl
unsteady gait	crooked, meandering, and uncoordinated walk, typical of alcohol-impaired people.
thought	an idea; an instance of thinking; the state or condition of thinking.
phrenology	A now discredited theory that believes the shape of an individual's head can indicate their personality.
hyperpolarization	deviation of the membrane potential from its normal value to a more strongly negative (inside) value; 5.3.1, 6.3.4
psychiatric disability	Refers to the impact of a mental illness on a person's functioning in different aspects of life such as the ability to live independently, maintain friendships, maintain employment and participate meaningfully in the community.
resignation	The stage of grief in which a person becomes resigned to their fate.
cyclooxygenase	enzyme that converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2, a key intermediate in the synthesis of other prostaglandins and of thromboxanes
tarlov cysts	Tarlov Cysts, also known as perineurial cysts are sacs filled with cerebrospinal-fluid located along the spinal cord
autoimmune disease	Process in which the body's immune system causes illness by mistakenly attacking healthy cells, organs, or tissues
culture	a system of values, beliefs and practices that characterise a particular group, for example a national or ethnic group.
marijuana	the Indian hemp plant cannabis sativa; also called “pot” and “weed.” The dried leaves and flowering tops can be smoked or prepared in a tea or food
pro-social behaviour	behaviour that is believed to help other individuals.
alpha/beta bias	alpha bias refers to theories and research which assume real and enduring differences between men and women
interval data	data with equal intervals, but not an absolute zero.
sedative dependence	The psychological or physical dependence on sedative medication
species-specific behaviour	behaviours which are characteristic of all members of a particular species
puncture wound	An injury caused by the piercing of the body, often by a hand-held object.
salvage pathway	metabolic pathway that diverts purine and pyrimidine bases or nucleosides from complete degradation and converts them back to intact nucleotides; 10.3.2, 10.3.3, 10.3.6, 12.5.1, 12.5.8
heart attack	Heart attack happens when a blood clot completely obstructs a coronary artery supplying blood to the heart muscle
cognitive	Having to do with the mind and the process of thinking.
psychophysiology	the branch of psychology that is concerned with the physiological bases of psychological processes.
diatom	Microscopic algae found in bodies of water, beneficial in narrowing down the source of a water sample.
phenomena	in the scientific sense, a phenomenon is an observable occurrence, pattern, or relationship between events.
estimator variables	in witness testimony, variables that affect the accuracy of witness testimony, that the justice system has little control over, including weather and amount of time witness was at the scene
intravenous	Within a vein; often used in the context of an injection into the vein of a medication dissolved in a liquid.
cyanide	A highly poisonous water-soluble chemical composed of carbon and nitrogen.
bloodstain interpretation	The interpretation of the shape, size, orientation, and distribution of bloodstains.
range	a descriptive statistic that shows the difference between the highest and the lowest scores in a data set.
addiction-only services	programs that by law or regulation, by choice, or for lack of resources cannot accommodate patients who have psychiatric illnesses that require ongoing treatment, however stable the illness and however well-functioning the patient.
superordinate goal	a higher and more important goal than that normally pursued by individuals within a group.
follicle-stimulating hormone	hypophyseal peptide hormone that stimulates ovary follicle development in women and spermatogenesis (sperm cell formation) in men; 7.4.9
apraxia	impaired ability to initiate common voluntary behaviors
cognitive neuroscience	a hybrid discipline aimed at identifying the biological bases of cognitive processes by combining techniques for the study of cognitive processes with measures of physiological processes.
quality control	The routine operational procedures that a laboratory institutes to ensure that its results are continually reliable.
prodromal	The beginning symptoms of a medical condition.
declarative knowledge	memory for facts (semantic knowledge) and events (episodic knowledge).
alcoholism	physical dependency on alcohol.
policy	A high-level, overall plan that embraces the general goals of a drug-testing program
zone of proximal development	the distance between a child's current abilities (when working unaided) and their potential abilities or what are able to achieve under expert guidance.
receptors	molecules on the membranes of neurons to which neurotransmitters bind
investigational drug	A new drug that is undergoing clinical trials to prove its effectiveness and safety (see clinical trials).
peer	an individual who is in some way equal to the person with whom they are being compared on a specific dimension.
local agency	The organization(s) legally responsible for directing the probation and drug-testing program.
behavioral observation	method for assessing the frequency of a client's behaviors and the specific situations in which they occur
integrated interventions	specific treatment strategies or therapeutic techniques in which interventions for two or more disorders are combined in a single session or interaction, or in a series of interactions or multiple sessions.
aphonia	an inability to produce normal speech sounds.
integrated competencies	the possession of specific attitudes, values, knowledge, and skills required to provide appropriate services to individuals with COD in the context of their actual job and program setting.
bph	BPH Function: abbreviation benign prostatic hyperplasia; benign prostatic hypertrophy
nerve growth factor	A substance whose role is to guide neuronal growth during embryonic development, especially in the peripheral nervous system
diabetic neuropathy	Numbness of pain and weakness in the hands, arms, feet or legs caused by the effects of diabetes on the nerves
detoxification	a clearing of toxins from the body
spalling	The cracking of concrete in a fire, indicating how hot it burned.
phagocyte	see phagocytosis
androcentrism	refers to the tendency of some theories to offer an interpretation of women based on an understanding of the lives of men (see also alpha/beta bias).
protein	A substance made of a string of amino acids
air quality	relative healthiness of the air for breathing as determined by the presence or absence of harmful pollutants, e.g., secondhand smoke
license	A national or State permission to practice.
outsider	Some multiples refer to any person outside their group with this term
integration	as defined by NASMHPD and NASADAD in the context of treatment programs, denotes relationships among mental health and substance abuse providers in which the contributions of professionals in both fields are moved into a single treatment setting and treatment regimen.
consequence	The natural result of an action
myeloid leukemia	Myeloid leukemia, specifically recognizing acute myeloid leukemia, is a cancer of te myeloid line of blood cells and is best characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal white blood cells that accumulate in the bone marrow of an individual
psychomotor retardation	Visible generalized slowing down of physical reactions, movements, and speech.
precision	The ability of a testing method to perform consistently and to be free from external and internal sources of variation.
chromatography	A technique used to separate a sample into its components based on the speed at which they move through a stationary matrix.
developmental problem	A problem that results from a lack of normal development in a particular area.
mitigating circumstances	Factors that may diminish the degree of guilt in a criminal offence, such as age or influence of drugs.
sleep	a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended.
cultural relativism	view that norms among cultures set the standard for what counts as normal behavior, which implies that abnormal behavior can only be defined relative to these norms and that no universal definition of abnormality is therefore possible; only definitions of abnormality relative to a specific culture are possible
luteinizing hormone	hypophyseal peptide hormone that stimulates ovulation and progestin formation in women and androgen formation in men; 7.4.9
metabolism	The sum of all physical and chemical changes that take place within an organism and all energy transformations that occur within living cells.
evidence-based practice	Treatments for which systematic empirical research has provided evidence of statistically significant effectiveness as treatment for specific problems.
zeitgeist	refers to the ideas, trends and values that are dominant in a culture at a particular point in history.
observer self	The logical adult part of an individual in dysfunctional family theory.
inflammatory autoimmune-mediated arthritis	Inflammatory auto-immune mediated arthritis is associated with any immune-mediated inflammatory disease
ocpd	Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
palpitations	Palpitations are uncomfortable sensations of the heart beating hard, rapidly, or irregularly
human relations publications	University of Missouri has written a number of web pages dedicated to topics in human relations
humanistic psychology	a perspective in psychology, that views every individual as unique and as possessing an inherent capacity for making rational choices, positive growth and ultimately, maximum potential.
sulfonamides	class of antimicrobial drugs that inhibit folic acid synthesis; 1.3.3, 11.2.3, 14.2.4
ionophore	small molecule that reversibly binds specific ions; the bound complex is able to efficiently cross cell membranes; 11.7.1
switching	A change in who is up front
adrenaline	The chemical Epinephrine.
inflammation	The immunologic response of body tissue to injury, characterized by mobilization of white blood cells and antibodies, swelling and fluid accumulation.
community support services	CPC’s Case Management program (see “Case Manager/case Management” definition above). Community Support Services are offered at the Belltown, Northgate and Wallingford Locations.
hepatitis c	Hepatitis C is an often chronic infection of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), which can result in cirrhosis of the liver
fronting	Being at the front; act of being out, using the body
habilitation	initial learning and the acquisition of skills necessary for everyday life.
agglutination	The tendency of blood cells to clump together in reaction to an antibody.
mujahideen	A general designation for Muslim fighters engaged in jihad, as well as the name of various Muslim political and paramilitary groups, such as the Afghan (q.v.) Mujahideen.
fovea	a small area on the retina, that contains closely packed cones, onto which light from an object is focused upon.
decision-making	reasoning that involves considering and choosing different options.
grandiose delusions	false, persistent beliefs that one has superior talents and traits
chromosome abnormalities	typically occur when a chromosome is missing or there is an extra chromosome, e.g
quality assurance	Planned, systematic activities, both operational and organizational, that ensure a testing system routinely produces reliable results.
grief	The normal emotional responses a person feels due to experiencing a loss (i.e
physiologists	scientists who study living organisms and how their parts work.
abstinent	not using substances of abuse at any time.
collective unconscious	in Jung's theory, a biologically based portion of the unconscious which reflects universal themes and ideas, not individual experience.
competitive altruism	(also called 'costly signalling theory') the concept that individuals will make large public sacrifices if they believe there is a long-term personal benefit.
constricted pupils	pupils that are temporarily narrowed or closed
coronary artery	artery that supplies the heart itself with blood
trigger	Something that sets off a disease in people who are genetically predisposed to developing the disease or causes a certain symptom to occur in a person who has a disease.
odontogram	A file containing an individual's dental information.
neural induction	The process during embryonic development whereby molecules trigger ectoderm tissue to become nerve tissue.
cultural competence	the capacity of a service provider or an organization to understand and work effectively in accordance with the cultural beliefs and practices of persons from a given ethnic/racial group
managed care	health care system in which all necessary services for an individual patient are supposed to be coordinated by a primary care provider; the goals are to coordinate services for an existing medical problem and to prevent future medical problems
stereoscopic vision	the perceptual experience of a three-dimensional image through the combination of two different views of the same scene from the two eyes.
hpd	Histrionic Personality Disorder
random sample	a technique for obtaining participants, whereby every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected
neurotransmitter	A chemical released by neurons at a synapse for the purpose of relaying information to other neurons via receptors.
age slider	Person whose age changes, or who identifies as being different ages at different times
brainstem	The major route by which the forebrain sends information to and receives information from the spinal cord and peripheral nerves
free will vs determinism	refers to the debate between those who believe that external or internal factors acting upon the individual determine behaviour (determinism), and those that believe individuals respond actively to the outside world (free will).
stress	Stress occurs when forces from the outside world impinge on the individual
hypoglycemia	Hypoglycemia is an abnormally diminished content of glucose levels in the bloodstream
probability	a numerical measure of the chance that something will happen, expressed as a number between 1 (certainty) and 0 (impossibility)
physiological	relating to the way that living things function rather than to their shape or structure.
percutaneous	Passage or absorption of substances into the body through unbroken skin.
negative correlation	a relationship between two measured variables where as one variable increases the other variable decreases.
rating scale	refers to the appraisal of a person or behaviour along a specific scale.
spontaneous remission	in psychotherapy, improvement in an individual's condition without professional intervention, often serves as a baseline criterion to compare the effectiveness of therapies.
infection	The results of the presence of harmful microorganisms in the body
moral treatment	type of treatment delivered in mental hospitals in which patients were treated with respect and dignity and were encouraged to exercise self-control
semisynthesis	organic-synthetic process that starts with a complex molecule obtained from some biological source, typically a plant or microbe
behaviour modification	is a general label for attempts to change behaviour by using appropriate and timely reinforcement.
back pain	Pain felt in the upper or lower back, or along the spine, that can be caused by car accidents, muscle strains, sports injuries or a lifetime of bad habits
bloodborne pathogens	Substances present in the blood that can cause infection or disease
arteriole	small artery; 3.3.1
emotional memory	Memory that a person feels is correct, but may or may not be valid.
behaviorism	study of the impact of reinforcements and punishments on behavior
singlet	A person who is the sole occupant of their body; a person who is not in a plural system
bargaining	The stage of grieving characterized by the partial belief that the griever could change the situation or loss by good works.
cultural sensitivity	the capacity and willingness of a clinician or other service provider to be open to working with issues of culture and diversity.
controlled processing	a mental operation that is conscious, relatively slow and easily interrupted.
severe vomiting	Severe vomiting is characterized by severe episodes or severe cyclic episodes of nausea and vomiting that can last for hours or even days on end
selective attention	perceptual process of focusing on specific elements of a stimulus.
dna	Deoxyribonucleic acid
co-present	The experience of more than one person fronting at once; more than one person experiencing the world-at-large at the same time, without necessarily being able to know what other people at the front are thinking or feeling.
just world hypothesis	the assumption that the world is a fair and just place in which people receive what they deserve.
central nervous system	Collective term for the major part of the nervous system that is principally comprised of the brain and spinal cord.
best practices	A practice (i.e
vaccine	A medication that stimulates the production of antibodies to protect against a specific disease
phospholipase c	enzyme that cleaves the headgroup, including the phosphate, from a phospholipid substrate, leaving diacylglycerol in the membrane; 2.5.4
immune system	The body’s defense system against invasion by foreign bodies such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and malignant cells.
receptor	macromolecule that is bound and activated, inhibited, or otherwise functionally influenced by a drug or other ligand
glove anesthesia	state in which people lose all feeling in one hand, as if they were wearing a glove that wiped out all physical symptoms
myocardial infarction	acute occlusion of a coronary artery caused by a blood clot, typically atop an atherosclerotic lesion, with subsequent degeneration of the part of the heart muscle that has been deprived of perfusion; 1.1.2
attention	Ability to focus in a sustained manner on one task or activity
empirical	relying on observation or experience rather than theoretical principles or theory.
gram-negative	class of bacteria with cell walls that have an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide; 11.2.1
follicle-stimulating hormone	A hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates the production of sperm in the male and growth of the follicle (which produces the egg) in the female.
cytochrome p450	class of enzymes that perform a wide spectrum on oxidative reactions on both endogenous metabolites and xenobiotics; 3.3.3
anorexia	Anorexia is the decreased sensation of appetite which may indicate a serious clinical condition
gonad	Primary sex gland: testis in the male and ovary in the female.
hyperpolarization	deviation of the membrane potential from its normal value to a more strongly negative (inside) value; 5.3.1
acute care	short-term care provided in intensive care units, brief hospital stays, and emergency rooms for those who are severely intoxicated or dangerously ill.
sibling rivalry	"This short essay discusses the causes, consequences, and solutions to the many social, psychological, and family problems brought about by sibling rivalry."
community housing	A service provided by CPC where three to five individuals with mental illness live semi-independently in a single-family home in a residential neighborhood, with services and support provided by a case manager. Also called “cluster housing.”
confrontation	a form of interpersonal exchange in which individuals present to each other their observations of, and reactions to, behaviors and attitudes that are matters of concern and should be changed
abstract	existing only in the mind; separated from embodiment; "abstract words like `truth' and `justice'".
conditioning	see classical and operant conditioning.
st. johns wort	An herb that reduces depression.
myofascial pain	Pain or tenderness in a muscle.
chemicals	A substance obtained by a chemical process.
endocrine organ	An organ that secretes a hormone directly into the bloodstream to regulate cellular activity of certain other organs.
paranoid personality disorder	Excessive paranoid beliefs
shape constancy	refers to the tendency to perceive the shape of an object, despite variations in the size of the retinal image.
short- term memory	Memory for recent events.
complementarity	a concept developed by physicists to deal with the existence of two models which are both useful, but not directly reconcilable.
cachexia	Cachexia is any general reduction in vitality and strength of body and mind resulting from a debilitating chronic disease
contact hypothesis	suggestion that prejudice can be reduced if members of different groups are brought into contact with each other.
chunking	combining individual letters or numbers into larger meaningful units
analysis of variance	(1) briefly, a statistical method for assessing the size of differences among means of two or more variables; (2) more explicitly, a statistical method for isolating and assessing the contribution of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable
leukocytes	white blood cells
neurotransmitters	chemicals in the brain that regulate other chemicals in the brain.
delinquency	criminal/antisocial activity.
ion channels	Selectively permeable water-filled channels that pass through the cell membrane and allow ions or other small molecules to enter or leave the cell.
keirsey personality test	A personality test for different personality types.
analyte	Substance to be measured.
out-group	individuals who are not members of, and are not accepted by the in-group.
trait	a specific personal characteristic or attribute which occurs consistently and influences behaviour across a range of situations.
competency	an ability, capacity, skill, or set of skills.
myositis	Swelling and tenderness of muscle tissue
liver biopsy	The removal of a small piece of tissue from the liver using a special needle
inter-observer reliability	a measure of the extent to which different individuals generate the same records when they observe the same sequence of behaviour
psychology	The study of the mind and how humans think and feel.
migraine	A severe headache that may bring nausea, vomiting, sensitivity to light and sound, dizziness, blurred vision or other symptoms
favism	see glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
cochlea	A snail-shaped, fluid-filled organ of the inner ear responsible for converting sound into electrical potentials to produce an auditory sensation.
aims	the general investigative purpose of the study.
thyroid-stimulating hormone	hypophyseal peptide hormone that stimulates proliferation and hormone secretion in the the thyroid; 7.2, 7.2.2, 7.3.5
cultural identity	the influence of one's culture on the development of identity
recombinant dna	Genetic material that has been altered and recombined in the laboratory by cutting up DNA molecules and splicing together specific DNA fragments
immunoassay	A test which utilises antibodies to identify and quantify substances.
nitric oxide	nitric oxideFunction: noun: a poisonous colorless gas NO that occurs as a common air pollutant formed by the oxidation of atmospheric nitrogen and that is also formed by the oxidation of arginine in the mammalian body where it acts as a mediator of intracellular and intercellular communication regulating numerous biological processes (as vasodilation and neurotransmission)
ddc	see dual diagnosis capable
anemia	A medical condition that is caused by a decrease in blood volume, especially red blood cells or hemoglobin, resulting in general weakness and fatigue.
macrophage	see phagocytosis
vitamins	Any of various organic substances that are essential in minute quantities to the nutrition of most animals and some plants, act especially as coenzymes and precursors of coenzymes in the regulation of metabolic processes but do not provide energy or serve as building units, and are present in natural foodstuffs or sometimes produced within the body.
probe	A fragment of DNA which carried the complementary code for a base sequence.
emg	EMG or Electromyogram is a special test to measure electrical activity of muscles at rest and during contraction
rosacea	Rosacea is best defined as a chronic inflammatory-based skin condition that primarily tends to affect adults
upper quartile	the data point that is at the 75 per cent point of the data set when the data is ranked in order.
phagosome	see phagocytosis
comorbid disorders	see co-occurring disorders
conditional love	A false love that is dependent on the lover getting their way.
fibrous dysplasia	Fibrous Dysplasia is characterized as a skeletal disorder in which scar-like tissue develops where normal bone once was
chaos theory	a branch of mathematics dealing with non-linear functions which has been applied to the modelling of situations such as the weather and stock markets; non-linear systems are not predictable, because very small changes in initial conditions can result in radical differences at a later point.
glycinergic	see adrenergic
prejudice	a learned negative attitude, comprised of negative affective and stereotypes towards a person or group
zygote	a fertilised cell that is produced after a sperm fertilises an egg.
nerve blocks	Injections of anesthetic (or numbing) substances into nerves in order to reduce pain.
cell body	The part of a neuron that contains the nucleus (with DNA) and the organelles, but not the projections such as the axon or dendrites.
organization	an entity that provides mental health services in two or three service settings (inpatient, residential, or outpatient) and is not classified as a psychiatric or general hospital or as a residential treatment center.
community integration	The behavioral healthcare industry term for the services provided at CPC’s structured day programs. Community Integration (also called Community-Based Rehabilitation) services are designed for adults with long-term mental illness who want or need more support with their recovery than is generally provided by standard case management. The Community Integration program is a modified clubhouse style program that provides a daily place where clients can go to socialize, get a free or reduced-cost meal, and if they choose, participate in the tasks associated with running the program.
operant conditioning	form of learning in which behaviors lead to consequences that either reinforce or punish the organism, leading to an increased or a decreased probability of a future response
collective unconscious	according to Carl Jung, the wisdom accumulated by a society over hundreds of years of human existence and stored in the memories of individuals
world of work test	A vocational test.
episodic memory	long-term memories for personal experiences and the contexts in which they occur.
shyness	This article provides information concerning shyness and its effects on children and the self
cyclic vomiting syndrome	Cyclic vomiting syndrome is a condition in which affected individuals have severe nausea and vomiting that come in cycles
midbrain	a region of the brain that relays sound input to the auditory cortex.
cognitive	pertaining to the mind's capacity to understand concepts and ideas.
nmha	see National Mental Health Association
coping	a person's efforts to minimise, control or tolerate environmental demands that are judged to exceed their resources to fight or avoid.
hertz	a measure of frequency, cycles per second.
storage	the retention of encoded information in memory over time.
locus	A specific site on the chromosome.
shadow juries	see mock jury.
perimortem	The period of time immediately before death.
gynecologist	A physician focusing on the reproductive system of a woman.
spinal cord injury	Coming Soon Learn more
corpus delicti	The essential body of facts that suggest a crime has occurred
inferior vena cava	major vein that collects all venous blood from the entire body below the heart
peritoneal pain	Peritoneal pain, otherwise known as a generalized condition of peritonitis, is an inflammation of the peritoneum, or the thin tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers most of the abdominal organs
m.s.	Masters of Science.
impaired	hampered or held back from being able to do some mental or physical task.
triavil	An older generation anti-depressant.
idealization	Perceiving someone as somewhat godlike.
fetal alcohol syndrome	Site provides information and links to a vast number of resources about fetal alcohol syndrome.
ash	(1) Action on Smoking and Health, an Alberta-based tobacco control organization (2) Action on Smoking and Health in the United States (3) Action on Smoking and Health in the United Kingdom
collectivism	an orientation which emphasises a person's connections and obligations to a social group (family, tribe, etc.); when applied to describe a culture, typically contrasted to individualism.
conjunctivitis	Conjunctivitis occurs when the eyelid lining swells
auditory cortex	the area of the brain (in the temporal cortex) that connects fibers of the auditory nerve and interprets nerve impulses in a form that is perceived as sound.
haemoglobin	The protein in a red blood cell responsible for carrying the oxygen in the bloodstream.
ed.d	Doctor of Education.
correlation	the degree of relatedness between two sets of scores
attention	the process of selectively focusing on particular stimulus elements, typically those deemed most significant.
psoriasis	Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease that affects an individual’s epidermis or skin
septicemia	severe infection, in which the bacterial or fungal pathogen is carried in the bloodstream and may settle in multiple organs
peripheral nervous system	A division of the nervous system consisting of all nerves that are not part of the brain or spinal cord.
gas chromatography	A method of breaking down a compound into its individual components as they travel through a non-reactive gas.
ankylosis	Ankylosis is a condition that is associated with the stiffening of a joint due to the abnormal adhesion and rigidity nature of the bones of the joint
psychoanalysis	form of treatment for psychopathology involving alleviating unconscious conflicts driving psychological symptoms by helping people gain insight into their conflicts and finding ways of resolving these conflicts
oncoprotein	mutant protein (encoded by a corresponding oncogene) that initiates or sustains malignant behavior of tumor cells; 12.4.4
sexism	prejudice and discrimination against one sex by members of the other sex, for instance in employment.
buccal swab	A swab taken from the mouth to collect epithelial cells for DNA analysis.
foot-in-the-door technique	a method of compliance method, whereby people are more likely to comply if they initially agree to a small request, followed by a larger request later on
excitable cell	see action potential
afferent neurons	the communication of the senses experienced by the body are conveyed to the central nervous system by afferent neurons for processing.
association areas	parts of the cortex that receive input from more than one sensory system.
locus	a place or a setting for some activity.
headmate	Persons who share your mental space, applicable if you feel you have "people in your head", whether they actively take the front or not
aptamer	DNA or RNA molecule that has been selected for affinity to a target molecule, which usually is not a nuceic acid; 13.3.6
sleeping sickness	disease caused by infection of the CNS with certain Trypanosoma parasites, which are transmitted by tsetse flies; 11.9.3
collectivist society	a society characterised by a high level of mutual interdependence between individuals.
yoga	A form of self-disciplinary exercise that aids a person in integrating their physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual self.
psychology	The study of behaviors and mental functions with the goal to understand individuals and groups
skill	the ability that a person has to carry out a task successfully and competently.
cortex	the outer layer of the brain which controls many of our higher functions like speech and perception.
safety zone	The area of difference between the minimum sensitivity of an assay and the threshold.
plasma	The standard constituent of blood in which the various blood cells are carried.
codependence	Caring about and taking responsibility for another person to such an extent that individual needs are neglected by the person caring.
ethnocentrism	the practice of researching or theorising from the perspective of a particular ethnic, national or cultural group
illusory correlation	perceiving a relationship between variables where none exists.
narcotic	Medically, usually refers to any drug that dulls the senses
disorder	Disorder is a general term used to describe a disease or abnormal condition
eczema	Eczema is a skin condition that presents as a scaly rash
nutrition	The sum of the processes whereby an animal or person utilizes food.
anucleate	not possessing a cell nucleus
klinefelter's syndrome	see XXV syndrome.
merge	See integration
myasthenia gravis	A disease in which acetylcholine receptors on muscle cells are destroyed so that muscles can no longer respond to the acetylcholine signal to contract
motor unit	A functional unit made up of an alpha motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it contains and controls, ranging from a few to a hundred or more.
chromosome	A component found inside most human cells consisting of long coils of DNA
epidemiology	A field of medical science that studies the incidence, distribution, and control of disease in a population
nephron	functional unit of the kidneys
ambiguous figure	any stimulus which can be perceived in more than one way.
suicidality	a measure or estimate of a person's likelihood of committing suicide
demographic	a socioeconomic or similar factor that defines a certain group or area.
system	A group of persons in one body
theory	set of assumptions about the likely causes of abnormality and appropriate treatments
individuation process	The process of becoming a mature person.
titration	Gradual stepping up of a dose of medicine
bipolar syndrome	A major affective disorder
embryology	Site describes the development of an embryo from fertilization to birth.
chronic pancreatitis	Chronic pancreatitis is best defined as the inflammation of the pancreas, in which the condition does not heal or improve and eventually becomes worse and worse over time
journal of family psychology	Journal is concerned with research related to family issues.
androgens	hormones whose functions are related to masculine characteristics; the most important is testosterone.
cultural relativism	in the context of atypical psychology, the acknowledgement that symptoms may differ across cultures.
chemotherapy	Drug therapy.
rpt	see relapse prevention therapy
meniere's disease	Meniere's disease is a disease of the inner ear that is characterized by episodes of dizziness, tinnitus and progressive hearing loss.
psychological	relating to the way that living things function rather than to their shape or structure i.e
taste bud	A sensory organ found on the tongue.
agonist	1.) A neurotransmitter, drug, or other molecule that stimulates receptors to produce a desired reaction
growth cone	A distinctive structure at the growing end of most axons
tc	see therapeutic community
spleen	An organ located in the left upper abdomen that removes old red blood cell and other blood cells from circulation
f scale	a measuring instrument used by Adorno to measure the authoritarian personality, by exploring the extent to which people agree with statements such 'Obedience and respect for authority are the most important virtues children should learn.'
placebo	a chemically inert substance administered instead of a real drug.
antiseptic	A drug that inhibits the growth of bacteria without destroying them
perceptual development	the systematic development and maturation of perceptual abilities and processes over time.
judgment	The ability to compare facts and ideas, understand their relations and draw correct conclusions from them
protein	An amino acid and a peptide
system	an organization of a number of different treatment programs and related services in order to implement a specific mission and common goals.
antibody	A substance that binds to a specific drug or drug metabolite.
chest pain	Chest pain is a common complaint by a patient in the ER
gender roles	a given culture or society's acceptable set of attitudes and behaviours for each gender.
slippage	The sloughing off of the flesh on a cadaver.
pathological gambling	an illness whose essential feature is persistent and recurrent maladaptive gambling behavior that disrupts personal, family, or vocational pursuits.
attachment	a two-way bond between two individuals (humans or some other animal species), in which each individual gains a sense of security from the other.
sentient	self-aware, choice-making consciousness
corpus callosum	The large bundle of nerve fibers linking the left and right cerebral hemispheres.
sarcoma	malignant tumor derived from non-epithelial tissues such as bones, cartilage and muscle; 12.3.1
logical empiricism	in philosophy of science, the assumption that it is possible to compare and evaluate theories in terms of how well they account for the evidence.
liver function tests	Refers to a group of blood tests used to evaluate the function of the liver
health canada	Site provides a Canadian perspective on health issues.
decomposition	The disintegration of body tissues after death.
treatment retention	keeping clients involved in treatment activities and receiving required services.
blood spatter	The impact of blood on surfaces.
insanity defense	defense used by people accused of a crime in which they state that they cannot be held responsible for their illegal acts because they were mentally incapacitated at the time of the act
midbrain	The most anterior segment of the brainstem
dependence	An inordinate feeling of need for a substance, activity, or person.
vicarious reinforcement	learning behaviour by observing others being rewarded for the behaviour.
neonate research	investigations carried out using newborn infants.
serum	see blood plasma
affordability	price of cigarettes in relation to disposable income
mental health problem	Diminished cognitive, emotional or social abilities but not to the extent that the criteria for a mental illness are met.
supplements	Mineral or herbal additives.
animism	the belief that inanimate objects are alive and as such have life-like qualities such as feelings and intentions
diffusion potential	electrochemical that forms across membranes if these are selectively permeable toward an ion species for which there is a concentration gradient across the membrane; 6.2.1
delta	A characteristic junction in a loop ridge fingerprint pattern.
convergent problem	a problem which has a single solution, and all elements lead towards that solution; also called closed-end or well-defined problems.
light adaptation	the process by which the eye adjusts to increasing levels of light intensity, whereby the pupil shrinks and cones function to aid the adjustment.
histogram	used to represent the distribution of scores for one set of data
trauma	An injury that can be either physical or emotional.
crisis	a psychological conflict which needs to be resolved if the individual is to move on to the next stage of development.
neuralgia	Pain along the length of a nerve.
concomitant treatment	treatment of two or more mental or physical disorders at the same time.
aboriginal	collective term for the indigenous peoples of Canada and their descendants, including M彋is, Inuit and First Nations, on and off reserves and status and non-status under the Indian Act
cognitive	Relating to the process of knowing or being aware
epidermolysis bullosa	Epidermolysis bullosa is a group of inherited disorders in which skin blisters develop in response to minor injury
descriptive statistics	the description and summation of sets of scores in statistics
alcoholics anonymous or aa	A twelve-step self-help program for alcoholics.
endocrinologist	a specialist of the endocrine glands and hormone systems of the body
ordinate	when plotting data on a graph, the ordinate refers to information on the vertical or y axis of the graph
counselling	Counselling is a general term that covers a variety of non-specific supportive interventions for people with psychological adjustment problems
reasonable adjustment	The Disability Discrimination Act 1992 requires employers to change the workplace environment or work arrangements so that a person with disability is not disadvantaged in the workplace, to the extent that these changes do not involve unjustifiable hardship for the employer
word recognition threshold	is the minimum exposure of a word necessary to recognise and identify it
add resources	ADD Resources is a rapidly growing national non-profit organization whose mission is to help people with ADD/ADHD achieve their full potential through support and education
motor endplate	synapse between a motoneuron and skeletal muscle cell; 6.10.8
dialectical behavior therapy	cognitive-behavioral intervention aimed at teaching problem-solving skills, interpersonal skills, and skill at managing negative emotions
carcinoma	malignant tumor derived from epithelial tissue; 12.4.4
protozoa	taxonomic category that includes single-celled, eukaryotic pathogens
craving	The desire for an addictive object.
motivational interviewing	a client-centered, directive method for enhancing intrinsic motivation to change by exploring and resolving ambivalence.
confirmation bias	a form of cognitive error based on the tendency to seek out information which supports one's beliefs, and ignore contradictory information.
second messengers	Substances that trigger communication after the actions of neurotransmitters at their receptors have been completed
social support	people and/or services that are supportive during difficult periods, including information (e.g
type 2 error	accepting the null hypothesis when it should be rejected. Also called a false negative.
aa	AAFunction: abbreviation1 achievement age2 Alcoholics Anonymous
fixed interval schedule	a reinforcement applied on a systematic time basis, for instance, every four minutes.
outpatient	Someone who receives services from a hospital or clinic without requiring an overnight stay. All of CPC’s regular mental health and chemical dependency services are delivered this way.
critical period	a crucial period in a person's or animal's development when certain experiences must happen for normal development to proceed
bluing agent	A chemical used to color toilet tank water blue.
interferon beta-1b	Interferons belong to a family of proteins that occur naturally in the body, helping to regulate the body’s immune system and fight disease
complement system	a system of plasma proteins that participates in immune defense by facilitating phagocytosis or by directly attacking the cell membranes of pathogenic microbes
treatment program	A structured clinical program for clients in an outpatient setting or in a hospital.
aadac	Alberta Alcohol and Drug Abuse Commission
osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis, also called degenerative arthritis, is a type of arthritis that is caused by the breakdown and eventual loss of the cartilage of one or more joints Osteoarthritis, also called degenerative arthritis, is a type of arthritis that is caused by the breakdown and eventual loss of the cartilage of one or more joints
behavioral healthcare	A term that is used to include both mental health and chemical dependency programs.
false transmitter	a drug that accumulates in presynaptic transmitter storage vesicles and thereby excludes the true transmitter from storage and subsequent release; 6.14.1
psychological approaches	Ways of helping patient cope with pain and related emotions that can increase pain
antigen	A protein on the surface of a virus, bacteria or cell that can stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies as a defense mechanism.
icm	see Intensive Case Management
fovea	The centermost part of the eye located in the center of the retina and contains only cone photoreceptors.
accredited/accreditation	An accredited agency (which CPC is) is one that has had their programs and practices reviewed by a neutral, expert third party to ensure that they meet specific standards of quality. For more information, see the Accreditation page, or the CARF entry below.
phobias	Phobias are irrational fears that lead the sufferer to completely avoid specific things or situations that trigger intense anxiety
theory	a structured set of concepts to explain a phenomena or group of phenomena.
diagnosis	label given to a set of symptoms that tend to occur together
autism/aspergers	A mental disorder characterized by severely abnormal development of social interaction and of verbal and nonverbal communication skills
echopraxia	The involuntary imitation of the movement of another person.
superiority	Acting or feeling better or more powerful than another.
acceptance	The stage of grief when a person comes to terms with their loss.
negative symptoms	Think of these symptoms as features that are "taken away" or "subtracted" from the individual
shadowing	used in studies of attention, involves listening to and repeating a message that is presented in one ear.
lpn	Licensed Practical Nurse. CPC uses LPNs to provide nursing care at our residential facilities. These individuals have nursing training and are able to dispense medications.
reliability	degree of consistency in a measurement— that is, the extent to which it yields accurate measurements of a phenomenon across several trials, across different populations, and in different forms
hepatology	The field of medicine that focuses on diseases of the liver
the maslow nidus	This site provides links to articles written by Maslow.
program	a treatment program that focuses primarily on one disorder without substantial modification to its usual treatment, but also with the capacity to explicitly address specific needs of another disorder.
stereotype	an oversimplified, generalised and often inaccurate perception of an individual based upon membership of a particular group
apha	American Public Health Association
quality assessment	The system used to evaluate both the analytical and nonanalytical functions of a laboratory.
calcitriol	major form of vitamin D
g protein	see G protein-coupled receptor
bonding	the process whereby the young of a species form a bond with their parent(s)
trauma	An overwhelmingly difficult event in a persons’ life.
mummification	The desiccation of a body due to very hot and dry conditions, or exposure to very cold temperatures.
edman degradation	experimental technique for protein sequence determination through successive removal of single amino acids from the N-terminus; 6.10.5
delirium tremors-	A condition that can occur when a person is withdrawing from alcohol
vertebrae	One of the twenty-four segments of the human spinal column.
achievement motivation	is the inclination to persevere at tasks that may be complex or demanding for the individual.
stigma	A belief that a group of people that share a particular attribute (like mental illness) should be excluded or treated less favourably than most people
diarrhea	Diarrhea is an increase in the frequency of bowel movements or a decrease in the form of stool, characterized by unusually frequent bowel movements and excessive watery evacuations of fecal material
sexual orientation	Gender preference.
ions	Electrically charged atoms or molecules.
therapeutic alliance	a type of relationship between client and clinician in which both are working cooperatively toward the same goals, with mutual respect and understanding; also called “helping alliance.” The bond of trust formed between client and clinician during therapeutic work that makes healing possible.
co-running	More than one person is not only present at the front, but both (or more) are actively using the body
parasympathetic nervous system	A branch of the autonomic nervous system concerned with the conservation of the body's energy and resources during relaxed states.
chronic fatigue syndrome	Chronic fatigue syndrome is a debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that lasts 6 months or longer, is not improved by bed
rebiject ii®	Rebiject II is an autoinjection device for use only with Rebif® (interferon beta-1a).
personality	A word formerly used to describe a person in a multiple group
offender	Any individual placed under institutional or field supervision by a probation department, parole board, or court.
hormone	A substance in the body which produces a particular effect on cells.
validity	degree of correspondence between a measurement and the phenomenon under study
nystagmus	Rapid, involuntary movements of the eyes in the horizontal or, occasionally, vertical direction.
antisense oligonucleotide	a stretch of single-stranded DNA or RNA, typically 15–25 nucleotides in length, that is complementary to some cellular or viral RNA molecule, and selectively interferes with its function through base-pairing; 1.2.2, 13.3
inflammatory bowel disease	Inflammatory bowel disease, informally known to many simply as I.B.D., is a group of inflammatory-based conditions that directly affect the areas of the colon and small intestine
borderline personality disorder	an illness whose essential feature is a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, along with marked impulsivity that begins by early adulthood and is present in a variety of contexts.
hyoid	A u-shaped bone at the base of the tongue which supports the tongue muscles.
homeostasis	a state of equilibrium or balance of the internal conditions of the body.
auditory	hearing a sound that is in reality not there.
needlestick	Refers to an accidental puncture of the skin while handling hypodermic needles or syringes
counseling	Treatment of a mental or emotional disorder using communication between a therapist/counselor and client
cohort	a group of individuals who were born during the same time interval, i.e
coerced	legally forced or compelled.
reagent	A substance that takes part in a chemical reaction.
dissociative identity disorder	syndrome in which a person develops more than one distinct identity or personality, each of which can have distinct facial and verbal expressions, gestures, interpersonal styles, attitudes, and even physiological responses
l'hermitte's sign	Abnormal sensation of electricity or "pins and needles" going down the spine into the arms and legs that occurs when the neck is bent forward.
molecular genetic studies	studies of the structure and function of genes that help in understanding how genetic mutations can lead to disease
psychosis	a mental disorder that is characterized by distinct distortions of a person's mental capacity, ability to recognize reality, and relationships to others to such a degree that it interferes with that person's ability to function in everyday life.
cultural destructiveness	practices or actions through which an individual shows that he or she regards other cultures as inferior to the dominant culture, through cultural incapacity and blindness to more positive attitudes and greater levels of skill.
otc	Over-the-counter drug available without a prescription.
passive manipulative behavior	Non-assertive behavior such as pouting.
dual diagnosis capable	of or pertaining to programs that address co-occurring mental and substance-related disorders in their policies and procedures, assessment, treatment planning, program content, and discharge planning.
stimulants	Amphetamines.
migration	The process whereby new neurons find their proper position in the brain.
atf	official abbreviation of the U.S
self-help	Attempts to help the self.
self-image	How one view oneself.
semiquantitative	A term for numerical results from immunoassay technology that is an approximation of the true quantitative result produced by GC/MS.
systems theory	a theoretical framework involving multiple interrelated elements, where the properties of the whole are different from the properties of the parts; systems are viewed as governed by processes of negative feedback (which promotes stability) and positive feedback (which promotes instability)
augmentation features	extra horizontal or vertical display pieces extending beyond rows of cigarettes in a power wall for the purpose of attracting customer attention
myasthenia gravis	Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune and neuromuscular disease that is responsible for fluctuating muscle weakness and overall fatigue
hiv	Human immunodeficiency virus
malignant lymphoma	cancer derived from lymphatic cells
cdmhp	County Designated Mental Health Professional. This is the only person legally mandated to file for an official involuntary treatment order in Washington State. Every county is required to have one available 24/7.
interference theory	refers to the process that occurs when incoming information disrupts memory traces
thioredoxin	small enzyme molecule that reduces multiple substrates, including xenobiotics and disulfide bonds in proteins
functional	pertaining to a person's ability to carry out tasks
internet therapy	Online counseling.
symptom	a change from normal structure, function, or sensation as would be experienced by the patient and indicative of disease.
pcr	A highly sophisticated scientific method of detecting the presence of hepatitis B virus DNA or hepatitis C virus RNA in the blood
bile duct	conduit that drains the bile produced in the liver lobuli toward the small intestine
lyme disease	Lyme disease, scientifically recognized as lyme borreliosis, is an infectious disease that is caused by at least three species of bacteria that belongs to the genus borrelia
cultural proficiency	the highest level of cultural capacity, which implies an ability to perceive the nuances of a culture in depth and a willingness to work to advance in proficiency through leadership, research, and outreach.
enzymes	Naturally occurring chemical substances in the human body that help a chemical reaction take place.
self-serving bias	the tendency to bias our judgements of our own behaviour, by emphasising external factors for failure, but attributing success to ability or effort.
neuroleptics	A term sometimes used to refer to conventional antipsychotic medications because they cause neurological (extrapyramidal) side effects
psychodynamic theories	theories developed by Freud's followers but usually differing somewhat from Freud's original theories
traumatic brain injury	Coming Soon Learn more
autism society of america	Offers support and information packages.
biological family	The original family of origin.
sulfonamides	These anti-infective drugs are not classified as antibiotics, but they do inhibit the growth of bacteria in the following way
irrational	contrary to or lacking in reason or logic.
rheumatism	group of autoimmune diseases affecting the joints and sometimes other organs; 8.8
cardiopulmonary resuscitation	A procedure used when a patient′s heart stops beating; it can involve compressions of the chest or electrical stimulation.