Glossary extracted starting with manual seeds, with BOW for the domain law and language EN

compensatory damages	Money awarded to reimburse actual costs, such as medical bills and lost wages
immaterial	Not essential or necessary, not important or pertinent; not decisive; of no substantial consequence; without weight.
warrant	A written order by a judicial officer commanding a peace officer to arrest the person named in it or to search for and seize property as described in it.
undersecured claim	A debt secured by property that is worth less than the amount of the debt.
conditional discharge	These are the conditions which relate to the discharge of a patient who has been treated in hospital under Section 41 of the Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA)
associate hospital managers	A group of people appointed by the Board of Directors to carry out responsibilities under the Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA).Â This group of people hear appeals and review patients on a section of the MHA.
ada	A Federal law that prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities (Americans with Disabilities Act).
malfeasance	Acting improperly (generally referring to public officials, employees and agents).
bail bondsman	A person or company in the business of assisting defendants (or their family and friends) in posting bail
terminal	In terms of computers, the point at which input into the computer is carried out or where the computer output is printed or exhibited on an electronic screen.
lien	A claim that a person has upon the property of another as security for a debt owed.
lawyer	A person qualified to represent clients in a court of law and to advise them on legal matters
debtor	A person who owes money, goods or services to another.
real property	Land or buildings.
limited partnership	An unincorporated association or fir in in which partners are relieved of liability beyond the amount of the capital contributed by them.
person	An individual or an organization
pedophile	A person who’s sexual perversion in which child are preferred as sexual partner
joint and several liability	Liability of more than one person for which each person may be sued for the entire amount of damages done by all
qui tam	Through qui tam provisions in the Federal Civil False Claims Act, citizens can initiate lawsuits against businesses or agents who have dealt fraudulently with the U.S
lien	A legal claim against another person's property as security for a debt
unsecured debts	A debt that is not tied to any item of property
subscription	The act of writing one's name under a written instrument; the affixing one's signature to a document, whether for the purpose of authenticating or attesting it, of adopting it's terms as one's own expressions, or of binding one's self by an engagement which it contains.
zone theory	- Within which injuries to employees are compensable under workmen's compensation acts, is the place of employment and the area thereabouts, including the means of ingress thereto and egress therefrom under the control of the employer.
misdemeanor	A class of crimes where the punishment cannot exceed eleven months and twenty-nine days.
tracking number	The assigned 12-digit number that identifies the defendant and incident throughout criminal proceedings; the number identifies the year (first 2 digits), the origin of the charging document (next 4 digits), and the place of the charge(s) within the sequence of changes issued that year (last 6 digits).
lawyer	A person qualified to represent clients in a court of law and to advise then on legal matters
subpoena	A court-authorized or court-issued form (usually under the seal of the court) ordering a person to be in court at a certain place, hour and time, or “to be punished” for not doing so.
cina	"Child in Need of Assistance." If Child Protective Services receives a report that a child is in need of assistance, then the agency will conduct a report to determine if the child has been abused or neglected.
bigamy	Any married person, who while still married, marries or cohabits in this state with another.
- u - undertaking	A promise or security in any form; may be one sided
fraud	Intentional deception to deprive another person of property or to injure that person in some way.
alias	indicating one was called by one or the other of two names.
restitution	The act of restoring or giving the equivalent for an injury, damage, or loss.
collateral security	Any property or money pledged or given to guarantee bail.
seal	The symbol of authenticity.
liquidation	The sale of a debtor's property with the proceeds to be used for the benefit of creditors.
rights of the defendant	Various protections given to an accused by statute or constitution such as the right against self incrimination.
mortgage	A mortgage is an interest in land created by a written instrument providing security for the performance of a duty or the payment of a debt.
clinical trial	A research study to answer specific questions about new therapies or new ways of using known treatments
fix-it ticket	A common name for a traffic ticket given for a malfunction on a vehicle, like a broken taillight
lease	Includes an oil, gas or other mineral lease.
community property	Property acquired by a couple during their marriage
declaration of invalidity	A court order that your marriage is null and void and has been null and void since the time of marriage
speedy trial	The right of an accused to a speedy trial as guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment of the United States Constitution; in West Virginia the right to be tried within days after initial appearance, unless waived.
circuit court	an informal name for a U.S
title	The ownership or evidence of ownership of land or other property.
custodian	Under the Uniform Transfers to Minors Act, the person appointed to manage and dispense funds for a child without constricting court supervision and accounting requirements.
power of attorney	Document authorizing another to act as one's agent or attorney in fact (not an attorney at law).
vacated	To make void or set aside.
separation agreement	Written arrangements concerning custody or parental obligation, with child support, spousal maintenance and property division made by a married couple who are usually about to obtain a divorce or legal separation.
homicide	The killing of another person
urine test	A medical test of a urine sample to see if it contains evidence of alcohol or some other drug.
civil case cover sheet	A document used for the collection of statistics
contract	An agreement between two or more persons that creates, changes, or eliminates a legal relationship.
secured debt	In bankruptcy proceedings, a debt is secured if the debtor gave the creditor a right to repossess the property or goods used as collateral.
miranda rights	Prior to any custodial interrogation by law enforcement, an individual has a constitutional right under the Fifth Amendment to be warned that he has a right to remain silent, that any statement he makes may be used against him, that he has the right to the presence of an attorney, and that if he cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed for him prior to any interrogation
renewal of judgment	A judgment in a civil action is enforceable for ten years; however, the judgment may be renewed for an additional ten years as long as application to renew is made prior to the expiration of the original ten years.
writ of habeas corpus	a document filed as a means of testing the legality of a restraint on a person's liberty, usually imprisonment
negligence	The failure to do something which an ordinary, reasonable, and prudent person under like circumstances would do, or the doing of something which an ordinary, reasonable and prudent person under like circumstances would not do.
time waiver	To relinquish the right to a specific amount of time in which a certain phase of the legal process would normally take place.
trust fund	Money, stocks, bonds or securities held by or under the control of someone for the use and benefit of another
letter of instruction	A form that states the property to be seized.
robbery	Felonious taking of another's property, from his or her person or immediate presence and against his or her will, by means of force or fear.
neurobiology	The specific area of biology that studies the nervous system (which includes the nerves, spinal cord and brain).
claim	The assertion of a right to money or property.
battery	An unlawful application of physical force to, or offensive touching of, another without his or her consent.
proposition 215	Also known as the "Compassionate Use Act," Proposition 215 permits qualified patients to possess a reasonable amount of marijuana and cultivate a reasonable number of marijuana plants in order to treat a malady for which a physician has recommended the use of marijuana
exercise	To utilize or make use of
conflict of interest	A clash between public interest and the private pecuniary interest of the individual concerned
right of eminent domain	The government's right to acquire private property for public use.
bail exoneration	The refund of a bail deposit to the depositor or release of liability to a surety company.
business bankruptcy	A bankruptcy case in which the debtor is a business or an individual involved in business and the debts are for business purposes.
waive/waiver	Giving up a legal right voluntarily, intentionally, and with full knowledge of the consequences.
urine test	Chemical analysis of a urine specimen to determine content of alcohol or some other drug.
green card	An immigrant visa
verbatim	Word for word; in the same words.
d/b/a	A short way of saying "doing business as" – Example: Attleborough, Levin and Crawdad LLC d/b/a The Virgo Cafe
adjournment	The act of postponing a court session to another time or place.
testator	Person who makes a will (female: testatrix)
psychotherapy	A 'talking treatment' which aims to help people to understand their mental or emotional problems, change behaviour and thoughts or emotions to improve their well-being
maim	To cripple or mutilate in any way; to injure a person in a way that deprives him or her of the use of any limb or other part of his or her body, to seriously wound, disfigure, or disable
neuroimaging	Neuroimaging maps and graphically depicts the structure and function of the brain
beneficiary	Person named in a will or insurance policy to receive money or property; person who receives benefits from a trust.
prebankruptcy planning	The arrangement (or rearrangement) of a debtor's property to allow the debtor to take maximum advantage of exemptions
gross negligence	Failure to use even the slightest amount of care in a way that shows recklessness or willful disregard for the safety of others.
tort	An injury or damage to person/or property for which the person who caused the injury is legally responsible.
marital property	Includes ALL property acquired during the marriage, even if not titled in both names, with some exceptions
occupational therapist	The person who will work with you to develop your skills and confidence in everyday life - including work, social and leisure activities and personal care.
amended vs. amendment	In general civil, an amended document replaces the prior document
time waiver	When you give up the right to have a certain phase of the legal process take place within the normally specified amount of time.
real property	generally, land and anything growing on, attached to, or built on the land.
consecutive sentences	Two or more sentences served continuously, one right after another: e.g., consecutive sentences of 10 years and 5 years equal a total of 15 years served
creditor	A person to whom or business to which the debtor owes money or that claims to be owed money by the debtor.
chattel	An article of personal property.
writ of assistance	A court order directing a sheriff or police officer to provide assistance in enforcing another court order (e.g., picking up children and returning them to their lawful custodian, or removing a batterer from a residence).
assignment	A transfer to another of all or part of one's property, interests, or rights.
securities fraud	A stockbroker, financial advisor, corporation, or investor may commit securities fraud by:
confidentiality	A requirement that to serve the interests of justice, certain facts about a proceeding or nature of a proceeding be withheld from public discussion or scrutiny.
forfeiture	When a person must give up money or property because they didn't meet a legal obligation
concurrent sentences	Sentences served at the same time: e.g., concurrent sentences of 10 years and 5 years equal a total of 10 years served
ad infinitum	For ever, without limit, To infinity
unlawful detainer	A person detains or continues to hold some real property when it is no longer rightful
house arrest	An alternative to incarceration in county jail that can be imposed either as a condition of pretrial release or as a condition of probation
real property	Land, buildings, and other improvements affixed to the land.
informed consent	Except in the case of an emergency, a doctor must obtain a patient's agreement (informed consent) to any course of treatment
revenue	Income.
dyc	Abbreviation for "Department of Youth Corrections"
damages	The estimated money equivalent for a loss or injury.
collateral	Property that is promised as security for the satisfaction of a debt.
imprisonment	a term in prison served by an offender as part of a criminal sentence.
juvenile	A person under the age of 18 years
compensatory damages	The amount of money to be paid by one person to another which covers only the actual cost or equivalent cost of the wrong or injury caused.
genetics	All cells contain substances (including DNA, chromosomes, and genes) that shape a person's identity and can be passed on to other cells
contingency fee	Also called a contingent fee
arrears	A debt that is not paid on the due date adds up and accumulates as "arrears"
deuce	A slang term used for driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
intangible assets	Nonphysical items such as stock certificates, bonds, bank accounts, and pension benefits that have value and must be taken into account in estate planning.
inter alia	Amongst other things
tort	An injury or wrong committed on the person or property of another
impaired mental condition	A condition of mind, caused by mental disease or defect, which does not constitute insanity but prevents the person form forming the culpable mental state which is an essential element of the crime
property	Means both real and personal property or any interest therein and anything that may be the subject of ownership.
autism spectrum disorder	Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a behaviourally defined syndrome characterised by communication impairments, social interaction problems and unusual interest patterns and/or stereotyped behaviour
health care assistants	A member of hospital staff who helps qualified nursing staff to care for patients on the ward.
premises liability	Liability of landowners or those who are responsible for maintaining the property for activities or conditions occurring on the land.
security agreement	A contract between a lender and borrower that states that the lender can repossess the property a person has offered as collateral if the loan is not paid as agreed.
lien	A charge on specific property that is designed to secure payment of a debt or performance of an obligation
social worker	A professional who can help you with practical aspects of life, and who will often also have had training in psychological help
third party litigation	Civil suit brought against a person or entity only indirectly responsible for injury or loss, where another individual has direct responsibility
disposition	The parting with, alienation of, or giving up property
incompetent	A person lacking the capacity, legal qualification, or fitness to manage personal affairs or to discharge a required duty
affidavit of support	A written statement prepared by a local child support office to record the agreement of parents regarding child support payments.
preferential debt payment	A debt payment made to a creditor in the 90-day period before a debtor files bankruptcy (or within one year if the creditor was an insider) that gives the creditor more than the creditor would receive in the debtor's chapter 7 case.
claim	A creditor's assertion of a right to payment from a debtor or the debtor's property.
nuisance	An action that interferes with the use of property by being irritating, offensive, obstructive or dangerous.
demand letter	A letter expressly stating a legal right and amount due as reasonable compensation for injuries to a person and/or property.
conservatorship	Legal right given to a person to manage the property and financial affairs of a person deemed incapable of doing that for himself/herself
personality disorder	Personality disorders are a range of conditions that affect a person's thoughts, emotions and behaviour
real property	Land and all the things that are attached to it
affidavit	An affidavit is simply a sworn statement.
filing a form	A court form is "filed" only when the court clerk stamps it "Filed." You can give your court forms to the clerk by mail or in person.
interim order	One made in the meantime, and until something is done.
ordinance	A law passed by a city, town, parish or county legislative body
defendant	The person (or persons) a case is brought against.
right of survivorship	In a joint-tenancy, the property automatically goes to the co-owners if one of the co-owners dies
unsecured claim	A claim or debt for which a creditor holds no special assurance of payment, such as a mortgage or lien; a debt for which credit was extended based solely upon the creditor's assessment of the debtor's future ability to pay.
class action	a lawsuit in which one or more members of a large group, or "class," of individuals or other entities sue as "representative parties" on behalf of the entire class
juror qualification form	A form that is sent to prospective jurors whose names are randomly selected from one of the lists used by the county/Baltimore City
affidavit	A written or printed statement made under oath.
garnishment	A legal proceeding that takes money or property from a person to satisfy a debt.
privilege against self-incrimination	a person's right to remain silent in the face of accusation or questioning by government agents
guardian	A person appointed by will or by law to assume responsibility for incompetent adults or minor children
conspiracy	An agreement between two or more persons to commit a criminal act
dissolution	The act of terminating a marriage; divorce
et ux	The Latin phrase for "and wife."
license suspension	An order issued by the Department of Motor Vehicles stating that a person is not permitted to drive for any purpose for a specified period of time
habeas corpus - federal	Proceeding where a prisoner challenges the lawfulness of his imprisonment
duress	Where a person is prevented from acting (or not acting) according to their free will, by threats or force of another, it is said to be "Under duress"
neurodegeneration	Neurodegeneration is what happens when the cells of the brain and spinal cord deteriorate and are eventually lost
corporation	This is one of the ways that a business can be organized
waiver	intentionally giving up a right.
trespass	A wrongful entry, whether with force or peacefully, onto the property of another.
post traumatic stress disorder	If you have experienced a traumatic event, you may develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the days, weeks or months after the incident
miranda rule	Before any interrogation by law enforcement authorities after a person is taken into custody, he or she must be warned: (1) that she/he has a right to remain silent; (2) that any statement she/he does make will be used as evidence against her/him; (3) that she/he has a right to the presence of a lawyer; (4) that if she/he cannot afford a lawyer, one will be appointed for her/him prior to any questioning if she/he so desires; and (5) that she/he may end the questioning at any time.
escrow	An item being held by a third person (a neutral person) who holds it until the fulfillment of some condition.
manslaughter	The unlawful killing of another without intent to kill; either voluntary (upon a sudden impulse); or involuntary (during the commission of an unlawful act not ordinarily expected to result in great bodily harm.)
support trust	A trust that instructs the trustee to spend only as much income and principal (the assets held in the trust) as needed for the beneficiary's support.
lien	a right in the property of another until a debt owed is satisfied.
use and possession	The right of the parent who has custody of a minor child of the marriage to remain in the family home for up to three years from the date of divorce, under certain circumstances.
order of protection	A court order requiring a person to stay away from and not bother or threaten another.
affinity	Related by marriage; family relation from one's spouse's family.
dui	The acronym for "driving under the influence" (also referred to as "DWI" an acronym for "driving while intoxicated") and generally refers to Vehicle Code section 23152(a) (which criminalizes driving under the influence of alcohol or any other controlled substance), and 23152(b) (which criminalizes driving with a blood alcohol concentration at or greater than .08%)
testacy proceeding	A proceeding to establish a will or determine intestacy.
petty theft	The theft of money, labor, or property of a value less than or equal to $400.00
anonymous	A person's identity is unknown or withheld from others' knowledge.
unjust taking	When the government acquires private property and fails to compensate an owner fairly
writ	A written court order directing a person to take, or refrain from taking, a certain act.
electroencephalogram	A simple and painless test that involves recording brain activity by attaching electrical wires (called electrodes) to the head
court recorder	A person who records the activities of a court using an electronic recording device.
party	Person having a direct interest in a legal matter, transaction or proceeding.
restitution	Act giving the equivalent for any loss, damage or injury.
lien	A claim by a party on the property of another for payment of a debt or obligation
power of attorney	A document authorizing another person to act as one's agent.
foreclosure	When a borrower cannot repay a loan and the lender seeks to sell the property.
injunction	A court order directing a person to refrain from doing something or ordering the person to do something.
miranda warning	A four-part warning required to be given by police to a criminal suspect who has been arrested before custodial interrogation can take place
arson	The intentional and malicious starting of a fire
heir	A person who inherits or receives property from someone who has died.
waiver	The intentional or voluntary relinquishment of a known right or such conduct as warrants as inference of the relinquishment of such right
incarceration	Imprisonment; confinement in a jail or penitentiary.
implead	To sue; to prosecute
dissolution of marriage	Divorce
statutes of limitations	Laws setting deadlines for filing lawsuits within a certain time after events occur that are the source of a claim.
by-laws	A corporation's rules and regulations
assets	Property of all kinds, including real and personal, tangible and intangible.
anorexia	Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder and a mental health condition
charging lien	Entitles a lawyer who has sued someone on a client's behalf the right to be paid from the proceeds of the lawsuit, if there are any, before the client receives those proceeds.
consanguinity	Related by blood.
mortgagor	One who, having all or some part of title to property, by written instrument pledges that property for some particular purpose such as security for a debt
psychologist	Someone who has done a psychology degree, then further training in helping people with emotional or psychological problems.Â Psychologists can offer you therapy which involves talking about your difficulties and working together to overcome them
exempt assets	Property that a debtor is allowed to retain, free from the claims of creditors who do not have liens on the property.
product liability	Liability of a manufacturer or seller of a defective product for any injuries or damages suffered as a result of the defective product.
quasijudicial	The authority or discretion vested in an officer where that officer's acts partake of a judicial character.
land installment contract	An agreement in which the buyer agrees to buy a dwelling that he will occupy or a lot which will be used for residential purposes, the purchase price will be paid in five or more installments in addition to the down payment, and the seller retains title to the property as security for the buyer's obligation.
misdemeanor	crime carrying maximum jail time of one year or less.
exigent circumstances	Emergency conditions.
epidemiology	Dealing with the incidence, distribution and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health.
continuance	This term refers to postponing or rescheduling a case or court session until another date or time
guardianship	The office, duty, or authority of a guardian.
arrest warrant	A written court order that authorizes law enforcement to arrest an individual
bail	The release of arrested or imprisoned persons when security, cash, or property is given or pledged to ensure their appearance at a specified date and place
et al	The Latin phrase for "and others."
indemnity	An obligation to provide compensation for a loss, hurt, or damage.
clinical neuroscience	This involves research and treatment of brain diseases (such as epilepsy, motor neurone disease and multiple sclerosis) and diseases of other parts of the central nervous system.
equity	The value of a debtor's interest in property that remains after liens and other creditors' interests are considered
objection to exemptions	A trustee's or creditor's objection to the debtor's attempt to claim certain property as exempt from liquidation by the trustee to creditors.
infringement	Unauthorized use, typically of a patent or copyright.
vulnerable adult	Adult who is physically or mentally incapable of providing for his/her daily needs.
health and safety code	The collection of laws in California regulating the health and safety of the population, including most of the drug laws criminalizing the possession and distribution of controlled substances
nka	Abbreviation for "now known as".
service	Delivery of legal papers to a person named in them and required to answer them
valid claim	A grievance that can be resolved by legal action.
uifsa	An abbreviation of "Uniform Interstate Family Support Act".
secured bail	when bail is secured, this means that a dollar amount is set and some type of security must be posted
consumer debts	Debts incurred for personal, as opposed to business, needs.
patent	A government grant giving an inventor the exclusive right to make or sell his/her invention for a term of years.
antisocial behaviour	Includes all forms of illegal behaviour regardless of whether or not it leads to bullying, rule-breaking or criminal prosecution.
prima facie	From the Latin: "From first view"; not requiring further support to establish existence, credibility, or validity
personal property	Movable property or possessions, as distinguished from real property.
privileged communication	Conversation that takes places within the context of a protected relationship, such as that between an attorney and client, a husband and wife, a priest and penitent, and a doctor and patient
third-party claim	An interest or share in levied property.
divorce	The final, legal ending of a marriage by a court order
privilege	A person's right not to testify on a matter or communication protected by law.
compensatory damages	Money that one person must pay another to cover the cost of a wrong or injury
landlord-tenant action	an action filed for possession of a rental unit, including both residential and commercial units and mobile homes lots and leases
creditor	A person (or institution) to whom money is owed.
affidavit	A written statement made under oath.
writ of mandate	An order that commands the performance of any act designated by law to be part of a person’s duty to position or status.
emergency department	The part of a hospital for anyone who has a serious injury or who needs emergency treatment
license restriction	An order issued by the Department of Motor Vehicles allowing a person to drive only for a limited purpose or under specified conditions
fraud	A type of criminal offense involving the use of deception or misrepresentation in order to obtain the money or property of another
perjury	The act or an instance of a person deliberately making material false or misleading statements while under oath.
broker	See definition of Associated Person.
release of lien	The cancellation of record of a Declaration of Trust or other recorded security instrument given to secure a bail bond that has been discharged.
postconviction proceedings	Review procedures following conviction and direct appellate review
accident and emergency	The part of a hospital for anyone who has a serious injury or who needs emergency treatment
license revocation	An order issued by the Department of Motor Vehicles invalidating a person's driver's license and prohibiting him or her from driving for any purpose
execution	Carrying out some act or course of conduct to it's completion
attachment	Taking a person's property to satisfy a court-ordered debt.
trust	Property given to a trustee to manage for the benefit of a third person
sexual battery	The non-consensual touching of an intimate part of another person for purposes of sexual gratification
holographic will	An un-witnessed handwritten will
bail	To set free a person arrested or imprisoned (pending trial or resolution of an appeal) in exchange for security such as cash, credit card deposit or real estate
partition	A court action to divide property
chapter 13 bankruptcy	A type of bankruptcy in which a person keeps his assets and pays creditors according to an approved plan.
parenting time	Previously known as "visitation"
forfeiture	The loss of money or property or rights to property by failing to perform a condition or obligation required by the law or court without compensation to the owner.
homicide	The killing of one human being by the act, procurement, or omission of another
writ of habeas corpus	A court order compelling a Warden/Sheriff to bring a prisoner before a court at a specific date and time, most frequently to determine whether the prisoner is being held lawfully.
embezzlement	A form of theft which consists of the fraudulent appropriation of property by a person, such as an employee, to whom it has been entrusted
tenancy in common	A type of joint ownership that allows a person to sell his share or leave it in a will without the consent of the other owners
forthwith	immediately; without delay.
insider	Any relative of the debtor or of a general partner of the debtor; partnership inwhich the debtor is a general partner; general partner of the debtor; or corporation of which the debtor is a director, officer, or person in control.
equal protection clause	Portion of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S
testator	An individual of either sex, who makes or has made a testament or will; one who dies leaving a will
collateral	An asset that a borrower agrees to give up if he or she fails to repay a loan.
order	A formal written direction given by a member of the judiciary.
undue hardship	The most widely used test for evaluating undue hardship in the dischargeability of a student loan includes three conditions: (1) the debtor cannot maintain – based on current income and expenses – a minimal standard of living if forced to repay the loans; (2) there are indications that the state of affairs is likely to persist for a significant portion of the repayment period; and (3) the debtor made good faith efforts to repay the loans.
certified copy	An official copy of a paper from a case file that is marked as being true, complete, and a real copy of the original paper.
living will	Also known as a medical directive or advance directive
prior restraint	Restraint on a publication before it is published, prohibited by the Constitution.
parole/post-prison supervision	When a person is released from prison conditionally he or she is on parole
audit	An official examination of records or accounts to check their accuracy and completeness.
court of special appeals	Maryland’s intermediate appellate court wherein review is ordinarily a matter of right.
retaining lien	Gives a lawyer the right to hold on to your money or property (such as a deed) until you pay the bill.
minor	A person under the age of 18 years
bond	A deed or instrument that binds, restrains, or obligates a person
disposable income	Income not reasonably necessary for the maintenance or support of the debtor or dependents
lien	A claim upon the real property of another for some debt; the property remains in the defendant’s possession.
damages	money claimed, or ordered by the Court to be paid to a person as compensation for loss or injury
illicit	Not permitted or allowed; prohibited; unlawful; as an illicit trade.
good faith	Honestly and without deception
blood test	A chemical analysis of a blood sample from a person to determine the percentage of a foreign substance in the bloodstream.
chapter 7 bankruptcy	A type of bankruptcy in which a person's assets are liquidated (collected and sold) and the proceeds are distributed to the creditors.
emancipated	Refers to freeing of a child by his or her parents, which involves an entire surrender of the right to the care, custody, and earnings of such child as well as renunciation of parental duties.
garnish	to attach (see definition of attachment above) property held by a third party to satisfy a debt.
good cause	A good reason
caveat emptor	From the Latin: "Let the buyer beware (or take case)".
indemnity	Security against loss or damages, exemption from penalty or liability, amount paid as compensation under an indemnity agreement.
negligence	A lack of due care that causes injury (not an intentional act).
trust fund	Money, stocks, bonds, or securities held by or under the control of someone for the use and benefit of another.
- t - teletype	A method of electronic communication where the receiving terminal automatically types out the message as it is received.
insider	A director, officer, or person in control of the debtor; a partnership in which the debtor is a general partner; a general partner of the debtor; or a relative of a general partner, director, officer, or person in control of the debtor.
guardian	Legal right given to a person to be responsible for the food, housing, health care, and other necessities of a person deemed incapable of providing these necessities for himself/herself
contract	An agreement between two or more people that creates an obligation to do or not to do a particular thing.
fair market value	The amount for which an item can be sold on the open market by a willing seller to a willing buyer.
cognitive therapy	Psychological therapy in which cognition (thinking) is seen as the most significant factor in psychological problems and their treatment.
heirs	Persons who are entitled by law to inherit the property of the deceased if there is no will specifying how it's divided.
verbatim	Word by word, exactly
restitution	The act of restoring or giving the equivalent value to compensate for an injury, damage, or loss.
talking therapy / treatment	A general term for treatments which involve talking in individual or group sessions with a trained mental health professional.
nunc pro tunc	An entry made now for an act done previously and to have the effect as if it were done on a prior date.
duress	The defense that a person committed a crime as a result of pressure or threat from another person
biomedical research centres	Biomedical Research Centres (BRCs) have been established as part of the UK Government's NHS research strategy
punitive damages	Money awarded as punishment for outrageous conduct and to deter future transgressions
wrongful detainer	(formerly known as Forcible Entry and Detainer) A proceeding for regaining possession from someone who has wrongfully taken or refused to surrender possession of property.
home detention	When an electronic device is put on a prisoner's body to keep track of where the prisoner goes in the community and what the prisoner does
c.m.h.i.p.	Colorado Mental Health Institute of Pueblo
prosecutor	Public official who performs the function of trial lawyer for the state.
power of attorney	Formal authorization of a person to act in the interests of another person.
liability	Any legal responsibility, duty or obligation.
dba	Abbreviation for "doing business as"
common law marriage	In some states, a couple is considered married if they meet certain requirements, such as living together as husband and wife for a specific length of time
confidentiality	The state or quality of being confidential; treated as private and not for publication.
phobia	A phobia is an extreme or irrational fear, for example a fear of heights or animals
substantive consolidation	Putting the assets and liabilities of two or more related debtors into a single pool to pay creditors
minor	A person who is under eighteen (18) years of age.
fiduciary	A person having a legal relationship of trust and confidence to another and having a duty to act primarily for the other's benefit, e.g., a guardian or trustee.
counsel	A person qualified to represent clients in a court of law and to advise them in legal matters
schizophrenia	Schizophrenia is aÂ mental health condition that causes a range of different psychological symptoms including hallucinations (hearing or seeing things that do not exist) and delusions (believing in things that are untrue).
restitution	The act of making good or giving equivalent of any loss, damage, or injury.
fact witness	a person with knowledge about what happened in a particular case who testifies in the case about what happened or what the facts are.
caveat emptor	Latin for "buyer beware." This rule generally applies to all sales between individuals
constitution	The fundamental law of a state or a nation
installment payments	Weekly, monthly, or other periodic payments on a debt.
acute care	Short term treatment for diseases or illnesses that start quickly and have painful or distressing symptoms
local involvement networks	The aim of LINks is to give people an opportunity to communicate their views about how their health and social care services are delivered
aka	Abbreviation for "also known as".
forfeiture	The loss of money or property resulting from failure to meet a legal obligation.
no contact	A court order requiring someone not to have any communication or interaction with another person.
harassment	Used in variety of legal contexts to describe words, gestures, and actions which tend to annoy, alarm and abuse (verbally) another person.
waiver	the act of knowingly, intentionally, and voluntarily giving up a right
inpatient	Someone who stays in hospital to receive care and treatment.
class action	A lawsuit in which one or more members of a large group, or class, of individuals or other entities sue on behalf of the entire class
quid pro quo	Latin phrase that means "what for what" or "something for something"
search	A written order by a judge directed to a peace officer and commanding him to search for and seize property as described therein.
electronic surveillance	Use of an electronic device to keep an eye on where a sentenced person in the community and to restrict his or her activities, instead of putting the person in jail
transfer	Any mode or means by which a debtor disposes of or parts with his/her property.
self-defense	The protection of one's person or property against some injury attempted by another
grand theft	Grand theft in California is defined as a theft of money or property with a value over $400.00
true copy	An exact copy of a written instrument.
escrow	The placing of money, a deed, or real property in the hands of a third party to be held until the performance of a condition.
ward	A person for who a guardian has been appointed
implied consent laws	Also called "express consent"
alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, which describes the loss of mental abilities, such as memory and reasoning.
confidentiality	Requirement that certain facts about a proceeding or nature of a proceeding be withheld from public discussion or scrutiny ostensibly to serve the interests of justice.
vehicle code	The California statutes that contain the rules regarding vehicles and driving, including traffic citations and criminal offenses relating to vehicles
mortgage	any conveyance, agreement or arrangement in which the property is used as security.
ordinance	A regulation established by a local government to enforce, control, or limit certain activities.
chapter 11	A reorganization bankruptcy, usually involving a corporation or partnership
confessed judgment	An action seeking final judgment based upon a person agreeing, in advance, to the entry of judgment against them upon the occurrence or non-occurrence of an event, such as making a payment.
right against self-incrimination	Granted by the Fifth Amendment
blood test	A test to measure a person’s BAC by drawing the blood, usually done in a hospital
peace officer	A person charged with the duty to enforce and preserve the public peace
consultant psychiatrist	The medical doctor with specialist experience and qualifications in mental illness and emotional disorders that has overall responsibility for your care
visitation	The right of a separated or divorced parent to visit a child.
electronic monitoring program	An alternative to confinement in county jail which permits an individual to remain out of jail but monitored and confined to the person's home
revenue	Income to a public entity to offset the cost of providing service.
central repository	The Criminal Justice Information System Central Repository of the Department of Pubic Safety and Correctional Services.
care programme approach	This is for anyone who needs to see several people or organisations for their care or treatment
copyright	A person's right to prevent others from copying works that he or she has written, authored or otherwise created.
incarceration	Imprisonment, confinement in a jail or penitentiary
preliminary	Introductory, preparatory, preceding, or leading up to the main matter of business
letters	Includes: 1
bankruptcy	A federal court proceeding started by a person who cannot pay his or her debts and whose remaining property is administered for his or her creditors or distributed among them.
maim	To cripple or mutilate in any way, to inflict upon a person any injury which deprives him of the use of any limb or member of his body; to seriously wound, disfigure, or disable
waiver	This refers to knowingly and intentionally giving up a right
chapter 7	The chapter of the Bankruptcy Code providing for "liquidation," that is, the sale of a debtor's nonexempt property and the distribution of the proceeds to creditors
battery	Illegal beating or physical violence or control of a person without their permission.
unsecured bail	bail which consists of a dollar amount being set, but no money or property is required to be posted as security
law review	A legal journal published and edited by law school students; legal scholars and students contribute articles.
partnership	This is one of the ways that a business can be organized
california labor code	A collection of laws regarding the broad spectrum of activities concerning the relationship between employers and employees.
law enforcement unit	A State, county, or municipal police department or unit, the office of a Sheriff, the office of a State’s Attorney, or the office of the Attorney General of the State.
early intervention	A way of picking up the early signs of a serious mental illness
d- 6	A court report to the Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles of a person's failure to appear in court, leading to suspension of the driver's license.
extradition	Surrender by one state to another of a person accused or convicted of an offense outside its own territory and within territorial jurisdiction of the other, with the other state which is competent to try him/her, demanding his/her surrender.
assault	The touching of another person with an intent to harm, without that person’s consent
tort	An injury or wrong committed, either with or without force, to the person or property of another.
quitclaim deed	A deed that transfers the owner's interest to a buyer but does not guarantee that there are no other claims against the property.
commissioner	An organisation which determines what health and social care services should be provided for local people, and which then commissions and allocates funding for other organisations to provide them.
eminent domain	The right of the state to take private property for public use and provide fair compensation to the owner.
forgery	The false making or material altering, with intent to defraud, of any writing which, if genuine, might be the foundation of a legal liability.
testator	The person who makes a will.
minor in possession	California law prohibits people under 21 years of age from possessing alcohol
speedy trial	The right of the accused to a speedy trial as guaranteed by the 6th Amendment of the United States Constitution; in Maryland, the right to be tried within 180 days after initial appearance, unless waived.
bail bondsman	The authorized agent of a surety insurer.
parens patriae	The juvenile justice system of America was formed under the idea of "parens patriae," or "state as parent." The state is deemed to have a responsibility to care for youths who have begun dangerous or criminal life patterns
breath test	A test to measure your breath alcohol content, usually done at a police station or a jail
execution	Carrying out some act or course of conduct to its completion
brief	A written statement submitted in a trial or appellate proceeding that explains one side's legal and factual arguments.
trustee	The person or institution that manages the property put in trust.
dementia	Dementia is a syndrome (a group of related symptoms) that is associated with an ongoing declineÂ of the brain and itsÂ abilities.
obligee	The person who is to receive the benefit of some one else’s obligation, that "someone else" being the obligor.
corpus	Body
price fixing	When companies conspire to set prices and thus control or interfere with free market competition, they have violated antitrust laws
face sheet filing	A bankruptcy case filed either without schedules or with incomplete schedules listing few creditors and debts
mortgage	A pledge of specific property as security for the payment of a debt
certified mail	Mail deposited with the US Postal Service, with postage prepaid and return receipt requested.
psychosis	Disorders involving distorted perceptions of reality - thinking, feeling, hearing and seeing - often with symptoms of hallucinations and delusions.
commitment papers	Commitment papers or jail papers are prepared for anyone who must serve jail time.
vicarious liability	When one person is liable for the negligent actions of another person, even though the first person was not directly responsible for the injury
eviction	Action taken to legally dispossess a person of land or property.
guardian	A person who has qualified as a guardian of a minor or incapacitated person pursuant to testamentary or court appointment, but excludes one who is merely a guardian ad litem.
peace order	An emergency form of relief or an order available to individuals who are experiencing problems with another person, including someone in a dating relationship, a neighbor, or a stranger.
agent	A person who has received the power to act on behalf of another, bind that other person as if he or she were themselves making the decisions.
embezzlement	The fraudulent appropriation by a person to personal use or benefit of property or money entrusted by another.
psychiatrist	A medical doctor with specialist experience and qualifications in mental illness and emotional disorders
surety	One who is legally liable for the debt, default, or failure to carry out a duty of another.
obligor	The person who is contractually or legally, committed or obliged, to providing something to another person, the recipient of the benefit being called the obligee.
inter alia	Among other things.
accused	A person or persons against whom a criminal proceeding is initiated
squatter	Someone who settles on the property of another, without legal authority to do so and without the consent of the person who has the right of possession of the property.
state	Any state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the commonwealth of Puerto Rico and any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
libel	Published words or pictures that falsely and maliciously defame a person
proof of claim	A written statement describing the reason a debtor owes a creditor money, which typically sets forth the amount of money owed
agent	An attorney in fact under a durable or non-durable power of attorney, an individual authorized to make decisions for another under the "Colorado Patient Autonotomy Act".
bail bond	A written obligation of a defendant, with or without a surety or collateral security, conditioned on the appearance of a defendant as required and providing for the payment of a penalty sum according to its terms; includes a surety bond posted by a surety insurer or bail bondsman and backed by the insurer’s pledge; a cash bond secured by deposited cash; a property bond secured by pledged personal property or a lien on real property; and/or an unsecured bond.
secured debt	Debt backed by a mortgage, pledge of collateral, or other lien; debt for which the creditor has the right to pursue specific pledged property upon default
forfeiture	The loss of money or property resulting from failure to meet a legal obligation or from the illegal nature or use of the money or property.
enforcement	Action taken to obtain compliance with a court order.
kentucky rule	- In the allocation of dividends by trustees as between income and principal, all dividends whether paid in cash or stock are regarded as income though in most jurisdictions accepting this rule a dividend paid in the stock of the issuing corporation is considered principal and brings about an adjustment in the basis of such stock in the portfolio.
u.s. constitution	the document written by the founders of this country, which establishes the basic structure and functions of the federal government, grants certain specified rights, often called constitutional rights, to the American people, and places limits on the powers and activities of our federal and state governments
custody case	The type of proceeding in which the court determines which parent, other adult, or agency shall have physical control over a child.
good time	A reduction in sentenced time in prison as a reward for good behavior
damages	An award of money paid by the guilty party to the injured party to compensate for losses or injuries incurred
equity	A system supplemental to the law.
federalism	a principle of our Constitution which gives some functions to the U.S
contract	An agreement between two or more persons which creates an obligation to do or not to do a particular thing
urine test	Chemical analysis of a urine specimen to determine it's alcohol content or the presence of some other drug.