Glossary extracted starting with manual seeds, with BOW for the domain med and language EN

production sound	Audio recording during principle photography on-location.
aes / ebu	Informal name for a digital audio standard established jointly by the Audio Engineering Society and the European Broadcasting Union organisations
digital projector	A Digital projector is a device that converts image data from a computer or digital video source to a bright image, which is then imaged on a distant wall or screen using a lens system.
book a	The document specifying the DVD physical format (DVD-ROM)
luma	The brightness component of a color video image (also called the grayscale, monochrome, or black-and-white component)
load resistance	The impedance or resistance (load) that a cable places on a signal being transmitted through it
directory	The part of a disc that indicates what files are stored on the disc and where they are located.
access channel	One of the three cable channels designed for use by the public, government, or education.
blue screen	A special effects procedure in which a subject is photographed in front of a uniformly illuminated blue or green background
pop	Picture Over Picture: picture is displayed on top of another picture
java	A powerful, Web-friendly programming language developed by Sun Microsystems that gives programmers substantial control over the look and function of the interface.
flashforward	The opposite of flashback: future events (or events imagined by a character) are shown.
resolution - red one	The Red One camera comes with a 12 megapixel CMOS sensor, 24.4mm x 13.7mm (super 35mm).
storyboard window	- A window used to organize a group of clips into a sequence
mosalina	A Snell & Wilcox software package offering MPEG quality analysis tools.
scsi	An acronym for "Small Computer System Interface"
tdg	Short for Time and Date Generator.
mpeg	Moving Picture Experts Group, is the name of a family of standards used for coding audio-visual information (e.g., movies, video, music) in a digital compressed format.
s.	Signal carrying information about frequencies and phases of the horizontal and vertical scanning
protocol	A generic term for any set of rules and conventions used for the transfer of information
tracking shot	A shot in which the camera is pushed horizontally along the ground on a dolly.
drop shadow	A mixer and digital effects keyer function that gives the Foreground Key video the appearance of having a separate shadow (as opposed to an extruded shadow which would have no gaps between object and shadow)
vhs	Video Home System 1/2 inch cassette system.
flow chart	A calendar which dimensionalizes media activity over time, usually a year.
field frequency	Number of [TV] fields transmitted per second.
vertical blanking	Field rate Blanking
delay correction	When a video signal travels through electronic circuitry or even through long coaxial cable runs, delay problems may occur
cg	An acronym for "computer graphics"
neodymium loudspeakers	Neodymium is a magnetic material that is used for the construction of particularly lightweight (neodymium) loudspeakers that deliver a high-power sound.
line doubling	Simplified variant of line rate up conversion where every other line of the output signal is merely a copy of the previous one, usually for display purposes to reduce the Visibility of Line Structure and the Interline Flicker.
vbi	Vertical blanking interval (VBI) is the time difference between the last line of one frame or field of a raster display, and the beginning of the next.
blc	Back Light Compensation: Shifts the measuring point for the brightness control of the AES from the centre of the picture to the edges of the picture, to compensate for the different brightness values
ld	Sync pulse with leading edge marking the start of Horizontal Blanking Interval
isan	International Standard Audiovisual Number.
matching transformer	A transformer used to alter the impedance of a signal source to match the input impedance of another device
clut	Color lookup table
close disc	To "close" a recordable compact disc so that no further data can be written to it
field comb [filter]	Comb Filter using inputs from one or more spatially adjacent lines in at least two adjacent fields.
impedance	A measurement of opposition to electrical current exhibited by a circuit or device, taking into account resistance and AC reactance
dvd-/hdd-recorder	Classic VHS - recorder will soon be disused
dolly	(n.) A set of casters attached to the legs of a tripod to allow the tripod to roll.
ssl	Secure Socket Layer - a secure communications pipe using encryption to secure the data channel.
cable	A term generally referring to a broadband distribution system using wire rather than over-the-air broadcast.
mysterium-x - sensor	Mysterium-X is RED Digital Cinema's newest sensor
flats	Wooden frames containing fabrics or lightweight materials used as backgrounds for studio sets.
line-locked	In CCTV, this usually refers to a multiple of cameras being powered by a common alternative current(AC) source (either 24VAC or 240VAC) and consequently have field frequencies locked to the same AC source frequency (50Hz in CCIR systems and 60Hz in EIA systems).
raid	RAID stands for Redundant Array of Independant(or Inexpensive) Disks
impedance	A resistance to signal flow
morphing [effects]	Any digital video effect that transforms an object's shape and colors into those of another object.
main profile	A subset of the syntax of the MPEG-2 video standard designed to be supported over a large range of mainstream applications such as digital cable TV, DVD, and digital satellite transmission
bit rate	(See WORD LENGTH)
dbu	A logarithmic unit of power, similar to dBm but computed from voltage measurements
hd-dvd	In addition to blu-ray a follow-up format for DVD.
pseudo colors	A digital video effect where the output color palette is created from the luminance component of an input image, so for example dark grey might become blue, grey become red, light grey become orange, etc.
ascap	American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers.
browser	A program that recognizes, interprets, and views Web documents (usually coded in HTML) on the World Wide Web
bitstream	Digital data, usually encoded, designed to be processed sequentially and continuously.
agent	A publishing professional who shepherds books and authors through the publication process
sync	A term used in electronics to describe the precise alignment of two signals or functions.
photoflood	Any of a number of lamps designed for still photography that throw an even, diffuse light
reflected light	Light reaching the camera after being reflected by a subject
karaoke	Literally empty orchestra
vanc	An abbreviation for "Vertical Ancillary Data".
pack slip	A lateral slip of select tape windings causing high or low spots (when viewed with tape reel laying flat on one side) in an otherwise smooth tape pack
candlepower	The unit measure of incident light.
editor	The person who edits stories for reporters
burn	To generate a CD-ROM on a specialised CD-R writer drive
lanc	(See CONTROL-L)
change password	Change Password allows you to change the current password
monochrome	A video picture consisting of different saturations of a single color, usually gray
spg	A sync pulse generator (SPG) is a special type of generator which produces synchronization signals, with a high level of stability and accuracy
watchdog	A software or hardware that determines what should be sent out in case of failure
duration	A length of time
digital asset management	A system that enables the management of digital objects, such as image files, from ingest to archiving and supports continued retrieval
universal naming convention	Specifies a common syntax to describe the location of a network resource, such as a shared file, directory, or printer.
xvcd	A non-standard variation of VCD.
adr	Automatic Dialogue Replacement
jitter	Temporal variation in a signal from an ideal reference clock
resolution	The sharpness or "crispness" of a picture
barter	A term used to indicate that advertising was paid for by the advertiser using goods and services rather than cash.
lag	Artifact due to excessive temporal filtering, e.g
cyclorama	Large, seamless cloth or curtains that are hung on tracks to provide backgrounds for studio sets.
insertion data signal	Data line used by Eurovision network to identify program originators and sources.
y-cable	A cable that splits the monitor signal so that it will work simultaneously with both a monitor and a LCD panel.
field square wave	A simple black and white Test Pattern with the upper 50 % of the screen occupied by horizontal white bar and the remaining area by black
oem	An acronym for "Original Equipment Manufacturer"
tilt	Time domain parameter indirectly showing low frequency response distortion by checking Bar waveform
cie	French acronym for the International Illumination Commission
unicast	A method used by media servers for providing content to connected clients in which each client receives a discrete stream
reed-solomon	An error-correction encoding system that cycles data multiple times through a mathematical transformation in order to increase the effectiveness of the error correction, especially for burst errors (errors concentrated closely together, as from a scratch or physical defect)
cropping	A rectangular cutting off of image edges
direct attached storage	A storage unit directly attached to the device recording the data.
compress	The process of converting video & audio data into a more compact form for storage or transmission.
twg	Technical working group
line blanking	Line rate Blanking.
dynamic cutting	Combining a series of seemingly unrelated shots, objects, people, situations, details and characters in juxtaposition with one another (a form of montage, opposed to continuity cutting).
ecc	See Error correction code.
false contour	Typical image interference effect of plasma television sets
cache	A portion of RAM used for temporary storage of data which must be accessed very quickly
background generator	Usually part of vision mixer
d2	Composite digital recording format on 19 mm magnetic tape
tbc	An acronym for "Time Base Corrector"
anamorphic	Denotes a difference in magnification along mutually perpendicular axes
waea	World Airline Entertainment Association
teleprompter	An electronic version of cue cards, the talent's script is displayed and manipulated on a computer monitor or refracted through a glass/mirror in front of the camera lens.
ntc combination	Vertical Interval Test Signal specified by NTC (a US body) for the NTSC system
hanging dots	Cross-Luminance near sharp saturated horizontal colored edges, e
digital active lines	Lines of the TV frame carrying digital picture information, i
reclocking	A method for signal regeneration and jitter reduction involving clock and data recovery
action track	A digital video effect where fast moving objects appear to remain on screen as a sort of permanent multi-grab
convert	change the nature, purpose, or function of something
time-code	A system for numbering video frames where a code denoting hours/minutes/seconds/frames is assigned to each frame
interline transfer	This refers to the one of the three principles of charge transferring in CCD chips
penetration	The degree to which a medium or vehicle has coverage in a specific area
720/60p	Refers to the High Definition format of a sampling structure of 1280(H) x 720(V) and operating at 60-frames/second progressively scanned.
decode	To reverse the transformation process of an encoding method
compressor	- Program by which files are compressed
spline	An interpolation that produces movement between key frames along curved lines creating a smooth, flowing motion.
wetgate print	A print created using a chemical process that coats the negative to help restore imperfections in the image.
vector assignment	Operation of signal post-processing in motion estimator which attribute Motion Vectors to pixels by creating boundaries around sets of pixels having the same motion.
dolly	A camera movement toward or away from the subject (dolly forward, dolly back).
titling	The addition of text, symbols and graphic elements to a video image
server	When a computer provides services to other computing systems (clients) over a network, it is defined as a server
rotation	Digital video effect where the image is rotated about some predetermined axis
horizontal drive	Sync pulse with leading edge marking the start of Horizontal Blanking Interval
ghostwriter	Person writing articles or speeches for another person who claims authorship
split screen	Special effect which allows the viewing of two video images on-screen simultaneously, either side by side or above and below.
component digital	A digital representation of a component analog signal set, most often Y, B-Y, R-Y.
internet service provider	A business that delivers access to the Internet, usually for a monthly fee
color subcarrier	Sinusoidal wave with frequency within luminance signal spectrum which serves to carry the information about color hue and saturation.
its	Test signals inserted in the lines of the vertical blanking interval, defined by the TV standard, e
ddp	Disc description protocol
display upconversion	Up Conversion for display purpose only; usually to reduce the display artifacts, such as Visibility of Line Structure, Large Area Flicker and Interline Flicker.
motion vector	A two-component video signal showing the magnitude and direction of moving object displacement over given time interval, e
graticule	A group of lines inserted over a video signal to allow for measurement and alignment of the image
de-serialiser	Device for the conversion digital video data from serial interface format to parallel interface format.
adr	Additional Dialogue Recording
ccd	Charge-coupled device
time base corrector	Device performing a Time Base Correction function often with many other features, e
mkb	Set of keys used in CPPM and CPRM for authenticating players.
motion portrayal	Ability of TV system or device to reproduce the moving objects in a TV picture without visible artifacts.
lfe	Low frequency Effects
ieee	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
decompression	When expanding a compressed file back into its original form it is uncompressed (or decompressed).
ir led	Infrared LED (Light Emitting Diode): used for discrete or semi-discrete lighting of camera near field in the dark
ethernet	A protocol for connecting computers over a Local Area Network (LAN)
palma3	coming soon www.palma3.ch
blue book	The document that specifies the CD Extra interactive music CD format (see also Enhanced CD)
lavalier	Microphone suspended from speaker\'s neck
phase correlation	Method of Motion Estimation based on the measured position of the peaks on a phase correlation surface derived using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), spectrum normalisation and Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT).
metadata	Data about Data
ide	Integrated Drive Electronics
vbi	Vertical blanking interval
elc	Electric Light Control: another designation for AES
up-conversion	The process of converting low resolution video to higher resolution video.
side panels	Parts of widescreen TV picture to the left and right of an assumed conventional aspect ratio (4:3) wanted picture.
gui	An abbreviation for Graphical User Interface, a computer term, which is becoming more and more popular in the Security Industry as the systems become more user friendly.
advertising	Making something known generally or in public, especially in order to sell products or services.
tv image	Image of the object[s] resulting from the display process.
ansi	The American National Standards Institute "defines technical standards, similarly as the German Institut for standardization (DIN)
scribd	Turns document formats such as PDF, Word and PowerPoint into a web document for viewing and sharing online.
seg	Special Effects Generator
depth of focus	The range of distances from the rear of the lens to the face of the pickup tube in which acceptable focus can be achieved.
laser	This is an abbreviation for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
first pass pages	Once the manuscript is copyedited, the pages are then type-set and designed to look like how they'll look when the book is bound
eng	Electronic News Gathering
s/n ratio	Stands for Signal to Noise ratio
ean	A unique thirteen-digit catalog number assigned to a compact disc in order to identify it when sold commercially
backlight	A light used in production that is positioned behind the talent and designed to eliminate the shadows caused by the key light on background sets and curtains.
24p	A video picture in "interlaced" i.e
hfs	Used by the Macintosh computer platform
hold range	Range of the input signal frequencies to which a Phase Lock Loop (PLL) is able to maintain lock
interlace	The process of combining the two video fields into frames by writing only even-numbered lines in one field and only odd-numbered lines in the other.
source identification data	Part of internationally accepted Data Line similar to IDS.
block	In video encoding, an 8 x 8 matrix of pixels or DCT values representing a small chunk of luma or chroma
judder	A temporal artifact associated with moving images when the image is sampled at one frame rate and converted to a different frame rate for display
duplicate negative	A back-up or safety copy of a cut negative used for creating prints thus preserving the original negative.
multi-grab	A very common budget digital video effect where the image is merely frozen for a determined period and then instantly updated at the beginning of the next period
switching area	Timing window on a specific TV line where Vertical Interval Switching is to be performed
recordable disc	Media used in recordable CD systems
jaggies	Professional jargon for spatial aliasing on near-horizontal lines in a TV picture
bps	Bits per second
props	Props is an abbreviation of "properties" and describes the objects that are used, touched or carried by an actor on screen
buffer	An amount of memory which temporarily stores data to help compensate for differences in the transfer rate of data from one device to another.
genre	A category of media texts characterized by a particular style, form or content.
file system	When storing and organizing computer files and their accompanying metadata, a popular method to use a file system
iso	The organization, founded in 1947 and made up of representatives from national standards bodies, that produces worldwide industrial and commercial standards.
domain name	The official name of a computer connected to the Internet
bandwidth	A computer network's capacity for transferring an amount of data in a given time.
perspective	A digital effect that cause rectangles in a displayed picture to appear as trapezoids, adding virtual depth to the picture.
convergence	In human eyesight, the ability of our eyes to divert eye optical axes horizontally in an inward direction
ring buffer	A circular buffer or ring buffer is a data structure that uses a single, fixed-size buffer as if it were connected end-to-end
lead-out	An area at the end of a session which indicates that the end of the data has been reached; there is no actual data written in the lead-out
nab	An acronym for "National Association of Broadcasters"
pmw	Model number prefix for Sony XDCAM EX HD products using solid state recording technology
rs-232	A format of digital communication where only two wires are required
san	Storage Area Network.
circ	Cross-interleaved Reed Solomon code
fpga	Field Programmable Gate Array is an integrated circuit programmable in the field after manufacture.
d1-d2 converter	Professional jargon nickname for a device converting video signals from digital component 4:2:2 format to 4fsc digital composite format.
caddy	The plastic and metal carrier into which a CD must be inserted before it is loaded into some CD-ROM drives or CD recorders
chrominance staircase	Test signal in a form of color subcarrier modulated by staircase signal i.e
reference genlock	Describes the process of signals being synchronized
split run	Two or more advertisements of same product or service inserted, in equal numbers, in the same issue or run of a newspaper or magazine, usually in equal space and position; used to test copy by removing all variables except the copy to be tested; may be used to test factors other than copy.
audio levels	Proper audio levels are crucial
transcoder	A device used to convert from one component format to another or one video standard to another
mise-en-scene	Everything placed within the frame, including set decoration, costume, and styles of performance (implies an emphasis on psychological and visual unity in a film from one frame to the next).
cd-plus	A type of Enhanced CD format using stamped multisession technology.
fd	Sync pulse with leading edge marking the start of Vertical Blanking Interval
still graphics	Non-moving still images
royalty period	The accounting schedule for royalties
subtitles	Subtitles are text superimposed onto the picture, usually on the bottom edge
substrate	Backing film layer that supports the magnetic layer in a magnetic tape
key channel	See Alpha channel
operating system	Every computer needs a base program, the so-called operating system that manages the computer and grants control of various functions
blue screen	A special effects process in which a subject is photographed in front of a uniformly illuminated blue or green background
hard boundary	Variant of Wipe with sharp boundary between background and foreground areas of TV picture.
layer	The plane of a DVD disc on which information is recorded in a pattern of microscopic pits
page turn	A two or three-dimensional digital video effect where the displayed picture appears to be put on the surface of a page, the corner of which is slowly pulled up and back to reveal the other side
nrzi	Non Return to Zero Inverse
iso 9660 image	(Also CD-ROM image, image, disc image)
thirty-degree rule	A principle of visual continuity which states that the relative angle of view of any two similarly framed shots of the same subject which are to be cut together should vary by at least thirty degrees.
b negative	Film term referring to takes not originally intended to be oriented from dailies but later called to be printed
stand-alone	Said of programs or artworks that do not need to be connected to the Internet to operate or be viewed.
4k	A film image scanned into a computer file at a resolution of 4096 horizontal pixels per line
resolution independent	Equipment that can work in more than one resolution.
nam	A type of mix where the output at any point in the picture consists exclusively of whichever input signal had the greater amplitude
over-the-shoulder shot	A video shot that places the head and shoulder of a person in the foreground, and the subject of the shot in the background.
cutaway	A shot interposed at an edit point to prevent the appearance of a jump cut at the edit point.
broadcast [tv] standard	Set of technical specifications defining the method of on-air radio-frequency transmission of a TV picture with accompanying sound
passage	a section of text; particularly a section of medium length
candela	Unit for the luminosity of a display or a projector
color fringing	Artifact of chrominance coding-decoding process due to the limited bandwidth
fifo api	FIFO describes the process of first in, first out
cpsa	Content Protection System Architecture
color depth	The number of levels of color (usually including luma and chroma) that can be represented by a pixel
film dirt	Self explanatory.
iso	International Standards Organisation
sequence	A sequence is defined as a series of states of the DVE or mixer system called keyframes (sometimes called shots in this context)
read receipts	An optional email feature that notifies you when a recipient has opened the email message you sent him
kbps	Kilobits/second
din	A standard for film sensitivity similar to ASA
servo	Electronic regulator for a motor providing precise control.
analog signal	Representation of data by continously varying quantities
rf	An acronym for "Radio Frequency"
fixed rate	Information flow at a constant volume over time
gigabyte	1,073,741,824 (230) bytes
backing track	Pre-recorded audio accompaniment.
fill light	Commonly referred to as "scoops," they provide a soft-edged field of light used to provide additional subject illumination to reduce harsh shadows or areas not highlighted by the key light.
literary fiction	Fiction that is characterized by a plot that is typically beneath the surface and which is usually characterized by a unique and recognizable prose style.
180º rule	The convention that the camera can be placed in any position as long as it remains on one side of the action.
aes/ebu	A digital audio signal transmission standard for professional use, defined by the Audio Engineering Society and the European Broadcasting Union
film-mode	Playback mode on progressive displays for images which have been recorded by film camera.
royalties	The amount an author receives on every net copy sold of their book (see "net sales")
rgb	RGB stands for Red Green Blue, and its color model is an additive color model in which red, green, and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors.
field blank	Time interval during which vertical blanking is applied
file system	A defined way of storing files, directories, and information about them on a data storage device.
digital signal processor	A digital circuit that can be programmed to perform digital data manipulation tasks such as decoding or audio effects.
motion vector	A two-dimensional spatial displacement vector used for MPEG motion compensation to provide an offset from the encoded position of a block in a reference (I or P) picture to the predicted position (in a P or B picture).
cineon	This is a file format that was specifically designed to represent scanned film images.
color bars	A video test signal widely used for system and monitor set-up
flutter	Very short rapid variations in tape speed which may result in a jumpy or jittery picture.
depth of field	The range of objects in front of a camera lens which are in focus
lead-in	An area at the beginning of each session on a recordable compact disc which is left blank for the session’s Table of Contents or TOC
tension	Force, or force per tape width
off-line editing	Editing that is done to produce an edit decision list (EDL) which is used to assemble the program at a later date.
serration	A gap between two adjacent broad pulses
sampling grid	Two or three-dimensional pattern formed by the sampling points, e.g
sf	Acronym for segmented frame which is a method of transporting progressive HDTV images over an HDSDI interface
physical format	The low-level characteristics of the DVD-ROM and DVD-Video standards, including pits on the disc, location of data, and organization of data according to physical position.
voice-over	Voice heard while an image is projected but not being spoken in sync with one of the characters appearing on screen
ntp	Network Time Protocol: standard for synchronisation of clocks in computer systems through package-based communication networks
negative	Photographic film with image reversed (mirror-wise, left for right, type matter reading backward) and black for white, white for black, source of the positive, final picture.
bit rate	The volume of data measured in bits over time
mduf	Matrox Dongle Upgrade File (.MDUF) is the file, provided by Vizrt, that will upgrade the Matrox X.mio video card to a higher class model.
reversion	When your book is out of print you may have the right to "revert" your book, depending on your contract language
ntc-7 composite	Vertical Interval Test Signal specified by NTC (a US body) for the NTSC system
frame grabber	Device to acquire (grab) and store a single TV frame from the input video signal
aided recall	A research technique where the respondent is given aid to help remember all or parts of advertising.
vertical interval reference signals	Signals inserted in the lines of the vertical blanking interval, as defined by a TV Standard
sakai	Sharp's "Green Factory" in Sakai, near Osaka in Japan
pal	The European standard for color television transmission, calling for 625 lines of information, scanned at a rate of 25 frames per second.
cassette	The standard consumer analog audio cassette introduced by Philips in the early 1970s.
hdd	Hard disk drive, popular shortcut for harddisk.
cardiod microphone	Microphone with heart shaped sensitivity response.
azimuth	Angle between the gap of a tape head and the plane of head to tape movement.
camera angle	The position of the camera on a vertical continuum relative to the object being shot: eye-level, high-angle (looking down from above), low-angle (looking up from below), Dutch-angle (with the normal vertical axis tilted diagonally)
frame rate	Used to describe the number of times per second that a complete picture is updated in an imaging system
quick shoot	Natural and clear images even during quick movements will be achieved by the quick-shot technology
par	Picture Appraisal Rating.
documentation	Textual information that describes a work of art or image, recording its physical characteristics and placing it in context
resolution	Resolution describes the number of pixels shown on a computer or TV screen
animatic	Animated sequence of static images, for example story boards or mood photographs that help visualizing and laying out ideas.
subjective camera	A camera shot or film style that provides the audience with the specific vision or perspective of a character in the film (i.e
option	A provision in a contract that typically gives the publisher an exclusive period of time to consider and offer on the author's next work
access storage	Storage conditions at or near room ambient conditions that allow tape collections to be readily accessed for immediate playback
adaptive comb filter	A comb filter with Adaptation, i.e
10 bit signalprocessing	By the full 10 bits signal processing, colors in a still larger pallet can be represented and illustrated with more precise processes.
pxl	The smallest area of TV picture defined by TV standard; usually refers to discrete value on a sampling grid; a color pixel is a triplet of values representing either red, green and blue intensity, or luminance and two color-difference intensity values.
motion resolution	Resolution when there is a movement in the TV picture, e
saturation	Term used to describe color brilliance or purity.
crane shot	A shot in which the camera rises above the ground on a mobile support.
pulfrich effect	Horizontal motion that can be interpreted as binocular depth
dither	Random data or noise that linearizes digital audio
vbv	Video buffering verifier
flat field	A simple Test Pattern in the form of a color or grey level background (e
pcm	Digital audio recording format used since the late 1970s
vector	A term to describe a line with a direction indicated
xml schema	A definition of the syntax and formatting of an XML document
pan & scan	The technique of reframing a picture to conform to a different aspect ratio by cropping parts of the picture
motion blur	- The effect of tracking a speeding object and thus blurring the background because of the motion.
reversed bars	Color bars with inverted sequence of colors: Black/Blue/Red/Magenta/Green/Cyan/Yellow/White.
dye-sublimation	Optical disc recording technology that uses a high-powered laser to burn readable marks into a layer of organic dye
routing switcher	Device for the routing and distribution of several video (and possibly audio) signals to several destinations.
tv picture	Image of the object[s] resulting from the display process.
key light	The term used to describe a subject’s main source of illumination
dub	To duplicate or make a copy of a production, traditionally from one tape (usually a master tape) to another tape.
i.f.c.	Inside front cover (also called second cover).
psychographics	A more sophisticated form of demographics that includes information about the psychological and sociological characteristics of media consumers, such as attitudes, values, emotional responses and ideological beliefs.
seek time	The time it takes for the head in a drive to move to a data track.
lfe	Low Frequency Effects; name given to the dedicated subwoofer channel in Dolby Digital and DTS audio formats.
makegood	Comparable unit of advertising offered at no charge when the original spot or ad did not run or ran incorrectly.
iso 9660 format	An international standard specifying the logical format for files and directories on a CD-ROM.
framing	The size and position of objects relative to the edges of the screen; the arrangement of objects so that they fit within the actual boundaries of the film.
operating system	The base-level software on which applications like word processors or Internet browsers run
valid staircases	Same as Valid Ramps with fixed increments instead of continuous rise.
raster	The pattern of parallel horizontal scanning lines, traced by a video monitor’s electron beam, making up a video image.
drc	See dynamic range compression.
linear pcm	A coded representation of digital data that is not compressed
video switcher	A device for switching more than one camera to one or more monitors manually, automatically or upon receipt of an alarm condition.
ccir	Commitee Consultatif International des Radiocommunique, or in English, Consultative Committee for International Radio, which is the European standardisation body that has set the standards for television in Europe
dpx	An acronym for "Digital Picture Exchange"
snow	A general term used to describe interference in a video image
rgb plus ii	Background lighting with 5 instead of 3 colours
sample	A digital value derived from measuring a discrete part of an analog original
broadband	Term that generally refers to high-bandwith capacity
efp	Electronic Field Production similar to ENG but often with multiple cameras.
maximal contrast	Ratio of maximal brightness to the minimal brightness of the TV picture.
refreshing	This term can refer to periodic retensioning of tape, or the rerecording of recorded information onto the same tape (or different tape) to refresh the magnetic signal
pal optimal	Sharp offers LCD tv sets with a resolution of 960 x 540 pixels under that brand
sampling rate	The frequency of sampling
horizontal [blanking] interval	Time interval during which horizontal blanking is applied
quantization noise	Digital systems are designed to represent voltages only in predetermined values called quantization levels
column inch	A unit of newspaper space one column wide and one inch deep (14 agate lines).
reverse angle	Two successive shots from equal and opposite angles, typically of characters during conversation.
standards	A set of common guidelines such as for recording and playback processes, physical media and storage, which have been developed by the following committees: AIIM (Association for Information and Image Management),
servo	An electronic circuit used to control the speed of a motor which drives a videotape recorder head assembly drum, which must be controlled with great precision.
narration	The telling of a story and the information supplied to the audience by a voice coming from off screen who may or may not be a character in the story.
raid	RAID is an acronym for "Redundant Array of Independent Disks"
jump cut	An edit made without regard to the thirty degree rule, which results in a visual discontinuity as subjects appear to "jump" on screen.
flat	A framed upright panel, usually 4 x 8 feet or larger, used to simulate a wall or wall section in a television set.
ac	Alternating current or AC electricity is different from the DC electricity you get from batteries, in that it moves back and forth instead of flowing directly through the wire.
das	A storage unit directly attached to the device recording the data.
m byte	One million (106) bytes
field tilt	Tilt measured across the top of the bar in a horizontal Bar test signal
embrittlement	A tape binder condition resulting from polymers that have chemically meshed & tightened resulting in a less supple tape.
test lines	Test signals inserted in the lines of the vertical blanking interval, defined by the TV standard, e
ob	Outside Broadcasting is the production of television or radio programmes (typically to cover news and sports events) from a mobile television studio.
angle	In DVD-Video, a specific view of a scene, usually recorded from a certain camera angle
storyboard	In video production, a series of cartoonlike panels drawn to describe a movie, shot by shot
google chrome	a free web browser produced by Google that fully integrates into its online search system as well as other applications.
mother	The metal discs produced from mirror images of the father disc in the replication process
continuity	Preserving the visual coherence and perceived reality of an event.
time multiplexing	The technique of recording several cameras onto, usually, one time lapse VCR by sequentially sending camera pictures with a timed interval delay to match the time lapse mode selected on the recorder.
video enhancer	A general term used to describe a device used to correct video image problems.
2d effects	2D effects are, for example, captions or simple logo animations
premastering	The process of preparing data in the final format to create a DVD disc image for mastering
film grain	Artifact of cinematographic production due to the finite size of film emulsion grains, especially with high sensitivity film stocks.
check print	First film print used to check color corrections.
opticals	Refers to film effects, film titles and film dissolves and fades.
a to d converter	An electronic device used at the input of digital audio equipment to convert analog signals to digital values.
bler	Block error rate
k-rating	A generalized measure of linear distortions in a signal path which conforms to the subjective visibility of overshoots and echoes
daw	A computer system containing dedicated hardware and software for editing, processing and mixing digital audio.
filter	(verb) To reduce the amount of information in a signal
gamma correction	A process used with video and computer graphics images to correct brightness and internal micro-contrast within the image, allowing a change of ratio between the brightest red component of an image and the weakest red.
tally	An indication that a particular device is 'on line'
eia [color] bars	A Test Matrix pattern which consists of the following:
keyframe	Keyframes are used in vision mixers and DVEs to create a sequence of independent events
quadrature amplitude modulation	A modulation method used by cable DTV that combines changes in phase and amplitude to send four bits with each baud.
still frame	A single image or single frame of a video clip
smtp	An acronym for "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol" which is a TCP/IP protocol
xds	eXtended Data Service
composite blanking	Combination of horizontal and vertical blanking.
catalog	A list of items that records, describes, and indexes the resources of a collection, a library, or a group of libraries.
compress	- To reduce the size of audio or video data through the use of a compression scheme
scart	The scart or euro AV jack was the standard interface for external reproducers on the tv set for decades
lcd	A screen for displaying text/graphics based on a technology called liquid crystal, where minute currents change the reflectiveness or transparency of the screen
lux	Basic metric unit of illumination.
modulation	A technique for embedding digital information in a radio carrier wave for broadcast.
asset	Exploitable Content
mxf	Material eXchange Format an interchangeable format eliminating proprietary file wrappers.
bb	A Composite Signal with black level in Active Parts of all Active Lines, It is usually distributed as a reference signal for genlocking purposes.
dwdm	Dense Wave Division Multiplexing
background light	Any light used to illuminate the background of a set or scene, but not intended to illuminate the subject.
interlaced/progressive	Previous tv-signals at first show all odd-numbered and then all even-numbered image lines
shield	The outer metal portion of a shielded or coaxial cable, normally grounded, to protect conductors from interference.
r&d	An acronym for "Research and Development".
reaction shot	A close-up in which an actor or group is seen to respond to an event, often accomplished with a cutaway from the primary action to someone viewing the occurrence.
pan unit	A motorised unit permitting horizontal positioning of a camera.
vga	This is the standard interface for the IBM PS/2
script	A script is written in the final stage of pre-production
on-line	An indication that a particular device is 'on line'
mdif	Matrox Dongle Information File (.MDIF) can be generated and sent to Vizrt in order to upgrade the Matrox X.mio video card to a higher class model.
trailing dots	Cross-luminance near sharp saturated moving color edges, due to the failure of the chrominance filter in the temporal dimension and thus providing incomplete Y/C separation.
digitizing	The process of changing analog information into discrete digital information.
tilt	A movement by which the camera moves up or down while its support remains fixed.
cast	The term cast refers to the actors on a production.
interface	a boundary between adjacent components, circuits or systems that enables the devices to exchange information.
color bars	Standard color test signal, displayed as rows or bars of color, used in the alignment of color video equipment
attenuator	Device designed to reduce the strength of an optical, acoustic or electronic signal.
content	Audio, video, images, text, or any other information that is contained in a digital media file or stream.
simulated color	Also known as "false color," or "colorized." Projected colors that are not the same as the original image
vendor	A person or business that sells audio or video equipment.
fiber optics	A method of encoding digital information into a pulsing laser, allowing much higher transmission bandwidth than copper cable
had	Hole Accumulated Diode.
high sierra	The original file system standard developed for CD-ROM, later modified and adopted as ISO 9660.
ip sec	IP security specification.
bull's eye pattern	A Zone Plate pattern (circular or elliptic) with lowest spatial frequency in the center and uniform rise of spatial frequency along any radius, so that the spatial frequency is directly proportional to the distance from the center.
bounce	A method of testing the very low frequency response of video systems (e
land	The raised area of an optical disc.
kilobyte	A digital storage capacity equivalent to one-thousand bytes.
edc	A short error-detection code applied at the end of a DVD sector.
hd+	HD+ is a digital platform for high-definition pay TV
primary colors	Red (R), Green (G) and Blue (B) colors with colorimetric parameters according to a specified TV Standard.
do	A signal input to a Drop-Out Compensator which causes the drop-out compensation to be performed for the entire duration of the pulse
serializer	Device for the conversion of digital video data from parallel interface format to serial interface format.
scaling	Scaling generally indicates a change of the resolution of images, i.e
capture range	Range of the input signal frequencies to which a Phase Lock Loop (PLL) is able to lock
doc	A signal input to a Drop-Out Compensator which causes the drop-out compensation to be performed for the entire duration of the pulse
nab cartridge	A standard endless loop cartridge.
communication protocol	A specific software based protocol or language for linking several devices together
two-pages facing	Two advertising pages opposite one another without printing in the gutter space between them.
aes3-1992	A digital audio standard defined in 1992 by the AES/EBU
key	- To specify a region of an image or video clip to be used as a mask for transparency
ground swell	an obvious change of public opinion or political sentiment that occurs without leadership or overt expression
sound in sync	Method of transmitting an analog video signal together with accompanying sound by way of insertion of pulses modulated by the audio signal in the middle of Line Sync pulses.
navigator palette	- A window that displays a miniature view of the current Timeline work area within the overall program
ccd aperture	The proportion of the total area of a CCD chip which is photosensitive.
hum bug	Another name for a ground loop corrector.
playback demagnetization	A loss of magnetization and thus a degradation of recorded information caused by repeated playing of a recorded tape.
cross-talk	Interference of one signal with another.
definition	The aggregate of fine details available on a video screen
sequence shot	A relatively long and complete scene shot in one take without editing (similar to long take).
cea	Consumer Electronics Association
perceived resolution	The apparent resolution of a display from the observer's point of view, based on viewing distance, viewing conditions, and physical resolution of the display.
eia	Electrical Industries Association.
d-ila	„Direct drive image Light Amplifier "
frame	A frame consists of all the information required for a complete picture
frame-based test pattern	Test pattern created by electrical means; unlike test matrix often contain two-dimensional components like circles, etc.
cable	The electrical cords used to interconnect pieces of audio and video equipment.
bin window	The area of the Premiere Project window used to import and organize folders of source clips.
ftp	File transfer protocol
quantization	When converting an analog signal to a digital one, the process is called quantization
editor	Person responsible for assembling sections of often non-sequentially shot action and sound into a coherent pattern which reflects the vision of the DIRECTOR.
philips mire	Sweep test pattern in a form of a ring filled with several (usually from eight to thirty) radial lines
rough cut	Assembly of edited shots prior to picture lock.
electronic test chart	Test pattern created by electrical means; unlike test matrix often contain two-dimensional components like circles, etc.
mode 1	Most common CD-ROM data format
digital compression	The processing of sampled digital signals in order to reduce their bit-rate (the number of bits per second) so that they may pass through a lower bit-rate capacity channel
bit	A single Binary information unit
did	Data Identifier - used to identify content in the ancillary data area of an SDI signal according to SMPTE 334M.
database	A collection of information concerning a certain topic organized in a logical fashion for easy access and speedy retrieval.
sine wave	Type of pure waveform having an equal distance from its peak to the zero or center line and from its trough to the center line and in which the positive hump and negative hump of the wave are exactly equal in length, shape and height but flipped in a mirror image about the center line.
mac	A popular operating system developed in the 1980s by Apple Computers, noted for its graphic interface and ease of use.
line blank	Time interval during which horizontal blanking is applied
time lapse video recording	The intermittent recording of video signals at intervals to extend the recording time of the recording medium
t	Tera
din	Deutscher Industrie Nornenausschus, a German standards body.
azimuth	Audio/Video A rotation of the tape head away from perpendicular to the direction of tape/head travel
generator	In the domestic market an add-on to cameras or VTR’s to label and enhance recordings.
blur	1
dnr	Digital Noise Reduction: When lighting conditions are poor noise in the picture increases due to AGC
vga	A standard analog monitor interface for computers
luminance	Loosely, the sum of RGB tristimulus values corresponding to brightness
antialias	- To smooth out a jagged or stair-step appearance or motion between adjacent points so that it appears continuous.
ids	Data line used by Eurovision network to identify program originators and sources.
a-anything	Something probably made by the former Abekas company.
solarization	Special effect in which the lightest and darkest values of a picture are made dark while the middle tones become light.
standard industrial classification	Numerical coding system developed by the Bureau of Budget used in the classification of business establishments according to the principal end-product manufactured or service performed at that location.
pitch	A term borrowed from aeronautics to describe the effective static rotation of the aircraft about an imaginary horizontal pin perpendicular to the direction of motion
path	The hierarchical description of where a directory, folder, or file is located on your computer or on a network
headroom	the space between the top of a person's head, and the top of the video screen.
phase	The difference, expressed in degrees, between two signals
writing system	A writing system is a type of symbolic system used to represent elements or statements expressible in language.
format conversion	Generic term to describe any transformation from one video format to another, e
nominal viewing distance	Distance between viewer and TV picture at which the TV raster line structure becomes invisible
passivate	A chemical process which forms a protective coating on a metal
color temperature	A concept formulated for the purpose of reference and standardization of color light sources
rom	Read only memory
snmp	Simple Network Management Protocol
analogue	A type of waveform signal that contains information such as image, voice, and data
sed	Surface-conduction electron-emitter display
osd	On Screen Display: comfortable type of menu display and operation through display
cd-mo	A rewritable optical storage technology that uses a combination of magnetic and optical methods
scms	Serial copy management system
blanking level	Also known as the pedestal, it is the voltage level produced at the end of each horizontal picture line which separates the portion of the video signal containing the picture information from the portion containing the synchronizing information
electret	Similar to a condenser microphone but with a permanent charge on the foil so avoiding the need for a polarising voltage.
pan	A movement in which the camera turns to right or left on a horizontal axis.
infrared	With wireless remote control pulses for video recorders are transmitted by an infrared light emitting diode
avatar	A virtual representation of a user on a network, typically in text or graphic form
tv	Transmission of moving images by electrical means.
parallel-to-serial converter	Device for the conversion of digital video data from parallel interface format to serial interface format.
vc-1	VC-1 is a high-quality, industry-standard codec based on Windows Media Video Version 9
dolly zoom:	A cinematography technique in which the camera moves closer or further from the subject while simultaneously adjusting the zoom angle to keep the subject the same size in the frame.
field sync pulses	Group of several adjacent broad pulses (6 in 525 lines system or 5 in 625 lines system).
transparent	- Regions of a superimposed image that are invisible, and therefore show through to the underlying image, as used for logo overlays and blue-screen effects
ntc-7 combination	Vertical Interval Test Signal specified by NTC (a US body) for the NTSC system
rms	Root mean square
orthostereoscopic	A one-to-one condition where what is being displayed is the same as the 'real world'
interpolation	Interpolation involves using existing sampled data points to predict values between these points
secam	A French acronym whose expansion I forget
underscan	Reduction on display by approx
cci	Copy control information
mb	A megabyte is a unit of information or computer storage equal to one million bytes.
high fidelity	High fidelity refers to a quality standard by which the reproduction of sound or images is very faithful to the original and there exists little or no distortion.
oled	Organic light emitting diodes
sub-d	Sub-D, D-subminiature or D-sub is a common type of electrical connector used particularly in computers.
bnc	The BNC (Bayonet Neill Concelman) connector is a very common type of RF connector used for terminating coaxial cable.
rg-11	A video coaxial cable with 75 Ohm impedance and much thicker diameter than the popular RG-59(of approximately 12mm)
editor	Person responsible for assembling sections of often non-sequentially shot action and sound into a coherent pattern which reflects the vision of the DIRECTOR.
rollcall	Protocol used to provide decentralized control system within the Snell & Wilcox product range.
panasonic 5-pin	(See CONTROL-M)
curie point	The temperature at which a material loses its magnetic properties
piggyback	Back-to-back scheduling of two or more brand commercials of one advertiser in network or spot positions.
explosion	A digital video effect in which an object appears to be split into a stream of particles emerging pseudo-randomly from the center of an object.
plasma screen	A plasma screen, (or plasma display panel or PDP) is an emissive flat panel display where visible light is created by phosphors excited by a plasma discharge of neon and xenon between two flat panels of glass
full frame test signal	Test signal present in Active Parts of all Active Lines of the TV Frame (as opposite to VITS).
fcc	The Federal Communications Commission (USA)
mixed mode	A type of CD containing both Red Book audio and Yellow Book computer data tracks.
source code	Program instructions in their original form
sweep	Test signal in form of a line or field/frame-repetitive sinusoidal waveform with frequency linearly changing within a defined range
learning curve	A geometric metaphor for the amount of time one needs to learn a new task (such as operating an item of television-production equipment).
dvcpro hd	A High-Definition format developed by Panasonic
broadcast quality	A level of picture and/or signal quality which is assumed to be acceptable for main broadcast contribution, thus taken to mean 'being of the highest quality'.
contrast	A gain control range between dark and light levels.
digital delay	A term used to describe a "black box" which delays an audio signal in millisecond increments for use in recording studios or public address systems
white balance	White balance is the camera setting that adjusts for lighting in order to make white objects appear white in photos
pre-mastering	The process of formatting data into the exact image that will appear on an audio CD or CD-ROM
cookie	Information stored on a user's computer by a website so preferences or details are remembered for future visits to that site.
image pac	Photo CD term which describes the set of five versions of the same image, at varying resolutions.
blanking level	Also known as pedestal, the level of a video signal, which separates the range that contains the picture information from the range that contains the synchronizing information.
trs	Timing reference signals used in composite digital systems
thermal	An effect related to changes in temperature
vertical interval	Non visible part of a video picture
lightning [display]	Proprietary Tektronix display mode showing two separate projections (Y, Pb and Y, Pr) of three-dimensional Y, Pb, Pr space
time-line	The graphic representation of a program displayed in the sequencer window.
film time code	See AatonCode, ARRI Code
equalization	See Cable equalization
front porch	Part of the composite video signal within the time interval from start of the line-blanking interval to the leading edge of the line sync pulse
fill light	A third light used in studio production designed to fill in and eliminate shadow areas caused by the use of a key light.
contrast	Ratio of brightness between any two areas of TV picture.
san	An acronym for "Storage Area Network".
parity	An extra "bit" appended to a character as an accuracy check
sequence	A series of segments of a film narrative edited together and unified by a common setting, time, event or story-line.
tartan [color] bars	A Test Matrix consisting of several (usually 8) bands, each contains color bars with a different sequence of colors, together they cover all, or almost all, possible horizontal and vertical color transitions
reflector flood	A sealed floodlight with a self-contained reflector.
magneto-optical	Recordable disc technology using a laser to heat spots that are altered by a magnetic field
racking focus	A shift in focus between planes at different distances from the camera within the same shot.
simplex	In general, it refers to a communications system that can transmit information in one direction only
hdd	Hard Disk Drive
stand-up	An on-camera shot of a reporter as he or she presents information about the topic.
central control room	Area in the TV center dedicated to routing and switching functions.
cursor	The vertical bar that represents an exact point in an active (text) object.
vertical screen occupation	Ratio of active image area height to the display screen height.
image stabilization	Camcorder feature which takes out minor picture shakiness, either optically or electronically.
pixel format	The size and arrangement of pixel color components
megapixel	A term referring to an image or display format with a resolution of approximately 1 million pixels.
cema	Consumer Electronics Manufacturers Association
scsi address	A number from 1 to 7 that uniquely identifies a SCSI device to a system
spotmeter	A device that measures the intensity of reflected light, like on a lighted set.
color tv system	A method of encoding a color TV picture, normally according to an agreed international specifications
preview [bus]	This bus gives the Vision Mixer operator the opportunity to see sources and/or combined pictures before they are included in the outgoing (program) signal.
vertical frequency	Number of [TV] frames transmitted per second.
dsp	Digital Signal Processor: This is where analog picture and picture correction functions, (e.g
sd	An acronym for "Standard-Definition".
lossless compression	Coding essentially expands to provide identical data, bit for bit, with the original source data, although the processing does introduce the possibility of errors
ire	Institute of Radio Engineers
iec	International Electrotechnical Commission (also CEI).
production rolls	A generic term used for various types of production elements before they are cut and assembled into reels.
color bars	One of the most popular test patterns, containing several bars filled with primary and complementary colors
content	Essence plus metadata
scan	In data processing, image scanning is to optically analyze a two or three dimensional image and digitally encode it (digitize it) for storage in a computer file.
atapi	Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA) Packet Interface
i/o	Input/Output
distribution	The process of bringing a TV signal to the ultimate viewer, possibly via some intermediate points or stages
cd-wo	A rarely used term for CD-R.
room ambient conditions	The temperature, relative humidity, and quality of the air in the room
castellation [of test pattern]	Alternating white and black boxes at the perimeter of a test chart
compression	The term used to describe the method of eliminating redundant information in each frame of digital video
raw	The RAW format aims to record as much information for a picture as possible
resolution	A measure of the ability to reproduce video detail
dolly	A trolley on which the camera is pulled along the ground.
dynamic range	An audio term which refers to the range between the softest and loudest levels a source can produce without distortion
business publication	A business publication is one dealing with management, manufacturing, sales or operation of industries or businesses, or some specific industry, occupation or professions, and which is published to interest and assist persons actively engaged in the field it covers.
rs 422	Serial communication standard used for broadcast equipment control.
grey scale	A Test Pattern in the form of a luminance staircase (increasing or decreasing )
ccu	Camera control unit.
camera supply	Most video cameras use an external DC voltage supply which is derived either from a battery belt worn by the camera operator, from a battery within the video recorder itself, or from the mains power supply (after voltage conversion).
ansi-unlabeled	A tape recorded with a file structure, but without the ANSI tape labels.
container format	A container format is a data format that serves as a pool for various other formats, commanding the structure of how the content of the container is saved and stored
coaxial cable	The most common type of cable used for copper transmission of video signals
temporal alias	An alias caused by violation of sampling limit (Nyquist Limit) on the sampling in time at frame or field rate
sng	A version of Electronic News Gathering with up-link transmissions of TV programs usually live via communication satellite.
reinterpretation	The most radical preservation strategy is to reinterpret the work each time it is re-created
freeze	Special effect in which the picture is held as a still image
aspect ratio conversion	Conversion of the TV picture geometry preserving the Scanning Standard, e.g
book c	The document specifying the DVD-Audio format.
crossconversion	HDTV standards conversion involving both frame and line rates, e
playlist	- Typically, a list of songs to be played in a specified order
hd d-5	A recording system that uses compression at about 4:1 to record HD material on standard D-5 cassettes.
omf	Authoring format defined by Avid for exporting timeline and essence information.
monochrome	Literally means single color
monitor	(audio) A speaker or headphone set.
jitter	Timing innacuracies in the transmission and reception of a digital bit-stream.
master control room	Area in the TV center dedicated to routing and switching functions.
energy efficiency label	Certain large domestic appliances are obliged to display this energy consumption label
skip-field	A very common budget digital video effect where the image is merely frozen for a determined period and then instantly updated at the beginning of the next period
preservation	The total of measures and actions aimed at consolidating the condition of an object, counteracting detected decay or preventing further decay that can be expected with certainty to occur within the foreseeable future.
frame	The piece of a video signal containing the spatial detail of one complete image; the entire set of scan lines
isdn	Intergrated Services Digital Network
ai	Auto Iris: automatically adapts the aperture opening to match the prevailing light conditions
mic mouse	A soft foam pad or holder for a microphone which is placed on a stage or studio floor
logical	An artificial structure or organization of information created for convenience of access or reference, usually different from the physical structure or organization
vhf	Stands for Very High Frequency
video equalisation corrector	A device which corrects for unequal frequency losses and/or phase errors in the transmissions of a video signal.
terabyte	240 bytes which is about 1012 bytes or 1 million Megabytes.
rs-422	This is an advanced format of digital communication when compared to RS-232
montage	Style of editing involving rapid cutting so that one image is juxtaposed with another or one scene quickly dissolves into the next
crosshatch	Test pattern which consists of white lines on black background or black lines on white background forming a grid
pixel depth	See color depth.
zoom	The effect of rapid movement either towards or away from the subject being photographed, either by using a specialized zoom lens or by moving the camera on a boom, crane or dolly
time base correction	Modification of TV Signal timing parameters with the purpose of providing a consistent and stable Timebase, overcoming variations in input signal due to physical tape distortions etc.
buffer	Temporary storage space in the memory of a device
file system	A data structure that translates the physical (sector) view of a disc into a logical (files, directories) structure, which helps both computers and users locate files
rough cut	- A quick assembly of raw clips to approximate the desired final program
vidicon	A type of television pickup tube common in inexpensive cameras and still used to some extent in broadcast cameras.
multiplexer	A device which uses a movable mirror to select images from one of several optical sources for transmission to the dedicated camera in a film chain.
dsp	Digital Signal Processing
risers	A test signal to measure non-linearity
generations	The number of times a segment of video program has passed through equipment where any part of it was either re-encoded or re-recorded.
3d effects	3D effects are computer animations that are created in three-dimensional space
high-definition image	1920 X 1080
aliasing	Defects or distortions in a television picture due to sampling limitations
cdvd	DVD-Video content stored on a CD (or CD-R/RW)
hdmi/hdcp	The "high definition multimedia interface" is a digital interface for image and sound
standing dots	Cross-Luminance near sharp saturated vertical color edges, e
cyclic redundancy code	A standard error-detection code used to check the presence of bit errors in a block of data.
sequential switcher	Typically a device used in surveillance to provide dis-continuous monitoring of two or more outputs on a single display screen.
dcp	An abbreviation for "Digital Cinema Package"
clamping area	The area near the inner hole of a disc where the drive grips the disc in order to spin it.
tv center	The main site of an enterprise producing and transmitting TV programs.
spin	A special case of the Rotation effect that cause the displayed picture to appear as spinning (in the screen plane) around the Z axis (perpendicular to the screen plane).
aliasing	Jagged edges along the outer edge of objects or text
contrast	The range of brightness between the darkest and lightest elements of an image.
bandwidth	Technically speaking, "bandwidth" is the width of the electromagnetic "band" of energy used to transmit some stream of information
pan	A horizontal movement of a camera on top of a tripod.
quantization levels	The predetermined levels at which an analog signal can be sampled as determined by the resolution of the analog-to-digital converter (in bits per sample); or the number of bits stored for the sampled signal.
grain	Artifact of cinematographic production due to the finite size of film emulsion grains, especially with high sensitivity film stocks.
horizontal screen occupation	Ratio of active image area width to the display screen width.
discrete cosine transform	A step used in the MPEG coding process to convert data from spatial to temporal domain.
packet	Fixed-length self-contained block of data that includes all relevant header information to allow switching, routing and data recovery.
scaling	Altering the spatial resolution of a single image to increase or reduce the size; or altering the temporal resolution of an image sequence to increase or decrease the rate of display
monitor	Video display screen or audio loudspeaker.
ophelia	Ophelia is the nick name for Octamas' Red One No
aes3-2001	A digital audio standard defined and updated in 2001 by the AES/EBU
hue	Often used synonymously with the term tint
java	An object oriented programming language created by Sun Microsystems
lux	Light unit for measuring illumination
multiplexer	A device that combines a number of signals into one
critical focus	The plane in front of a focused lens in which the image will be precisely in focus on the film or pickup tube.
resolution	1) A measurement of relative detail of a digital display, typically given in pixels of width and height; 2) the ability of an imaging system to make clearly distinguishable or resolvable the details of an image
hamlet	Hamlet is the nick name for Octamas' Red One No
termination	This usually refers to the physical act of terminating a cable with a special connector, wihch for coaxial cable is, usually, BNC
ground loop	An unwanted interference in the copper electrical signal transmissions with shielded cable, which is a result of ground currents when the system has more than one ground
focal length	The distance between the optical centre of a lens and the principal convergent focus point.
coaxial cable	The standard cable consisting of a central inner conductor and a cylindrical outer conductor
agc	Automatic Gain Control
component analog video	General term for the handling of non-composite color signals in analog form
transfer rate	The speed at which a certain volume of data is transferred from a device such as a DVD-ROM drive to a host such as a personal computer
representation	The process by which a constructed media text stands for, symbolizes, describes or represents people, places, events or ideas that are real and have an existence outside the text.
patch panel	Device for manual switching and routing of signals
three stage mixer	A Vision Mixer with three Mix Effects buses, any one of which can be used as an input to the others
convergence	Test pattern which consists of white lines on black background or black lines on white background forming a grid
channel data	The bits physically recorded on an optical disc after error-correction encoding and modulation
cartridge	A case or container, inserted into a larger piece of equipment, which is easily exchanged, for example a game cartridge in a console, or an ink cartridge in a printer.
scan line	A single horizontal line traced out by the scanning system of a video display unit
serif	The fine line or stroke crossing or projecting from the tip of type characters in certain faces; faces without these adjuncts are called sans-serif or sanserif (without serifs).
available light	Light from a natural source or commonly used lamp, as opposed to light added to a scene by using special photographic or television lights.
on-air	An indication that a particular device is 'on line'
directsound	DirectSound is a software component of the Microsoft DirectX library, that resides on a computer with the Windows operating system
dnw	Model number prefix for Sony Digital Betacam broadcast grade equipment
d-7	DVC-Pro.
line rate	Number of [TV] lines transmitted per second.
test chart	Generic term for frame-based picture created by optical or electronic means for purpose of test (e
fibre channel	A communications protocol designed to meet the requirements related to the demand for high performance data transfer
v-timing	Relative timing (in discrete lines) of two sets of vertical sync pulses held in synchronizm
usb	USB provides a serial bus standard for connecting many devices, usually to a computer, but also with other devices such as set-top boxes, game consoles and PDAs.
kerning	- The spacing between adjacent characters in a text string, as in a title.
strobe	A very common budget digital video effect where the image is merely frozen for a determined period and then instantly updated at the beginning of the next period
osta	Optical Storage Technology Association
back timing	Marking an "In" and "Out" point on a source clip and an "OUT" point in a program then allowing the edit software to calculate the "In" point on the program
receiver	Any device capable of demodulating an RF signal, such as a radio, tuner, or television set.
preset	To select a video source in preparation for taking it to air.
modulated pulse	Sum of Sine-Squared Pulse and a high frequency waveform (usually Color Subcarrier) which itself is modulated by the same Sine-Squared Pulse
bonus spot	Additional TV or radio spot provided to an advertiser at no charge to raise the overall audience delivery of the schedule.
component signal	Please quod vide for "YUV-jacks".
field	For interlaced video sources, a full frame is constructed from alternating odd and even lines from two video fields captured at slightly different times
vertical blank	Time interval during which vertical blanking is applied
intercom	A system of internal audio communication within a building or corporation over a number of well-defined standards such as RTS-Telex and ClearCom
pi sequence	The line-by-line and field-by-field variation of initial phase of SECAM chrominance signal following the specified pattern (in degrees) :
eds	Enhanced data services
tbc	Stands for Time Base Correction
dve	The traditional definition is a device to perform video effects by digital means, either including built-in mixer or connected to external mixer to enhance its artistic features
contrast value	This value is quoted for displays and projectors and names the ratio of the most dark (black) to the most bright (white) image components
window	Video containing information or allowing information entry, keyed into the video monitor output for viewing on the monitor CRT
live	Not prerecorded
iec	International Electrotechnical Commission
graphic match	A visual rhyme between two successive shots.
high-definition television	The highest quality of the digital television broadcast formats
dmd	Digital Micro-mirror Device
fx	Special effects.
back porch clamping	See: Clamping
matrix switcher	A device which uses an array of electronic switches to route a number of audio/video signals to one or more outputs in almost any combination
vertical [interval] time code	Coded pulse sequences for the purpose of time moment identification, inserted in one or more TV lines (usually in the lines of the vertical blanking interval).
line-based test pattern	Test pattern composed from several horizontal bands each occupied by test signal of some type; does not contain two-dimensional components like circles, etc
advertising goal	There are three different goals that any advertising campaign aims at, although one of them tends to take precedence: Popularity: To introduce and distribute the product, service or company
1080p / full-hd	1080p (progressive) is at present the highest HDTV resolution (frame procedure).
watermark	- A small, semitransparent graphic that identifies a scene or speaker
nyquist frequency	Terms used in connection with sampling
linked multisession	A disc containing more than one recorded session, in which all (or selected) data from the various sessions can be seen as if it had all been recorded in a single session
syncro-edit	Wired control protocol which activates/deactivates a VCR’s record pause function
red book	(See CD-DA)
tv synthesis	Process of sequential [in time] transformation of electrical signals into color or brightness of an image.
discrete cosine transform	An invertible, discrete, orthogonal transformation
replication	1) The reproduction of media such as optical discs by stamping (contrast with duplication); 2) a process used to increase the size of an image by repeating pixels (to increase the horizontal size) and/or lines (to increase the vertical size) or to increase the display rate of a video stream by repeating frames
dow	Method of writing new data over existing data in a single-pass
merchant account	A contracted agreement between a merchant or business owner selling a product and the credit card company responsible for collecting the sale proceeds
cfa	Colour Filter Array is a set of optical pixel filters used in single chip color CCD cameras, in order to produce the colour components of a video signal.
sensitivity	The ability of a device, such as a camera or microphone, to sense intelligible information and convert it into a usable electronic signal.
bit serial format	Format, where 10-bit serialized video data are transmitted via BNC type connector or fibre-optical connector with clock rate:
brand awareness	The extent to which the public are aware of a product, company or brand.
capstan	The rotating motor driven shaft that governs the linear speed of the tape in video or audio tape transports.
one-pass encoding	An encoding method in which content is both analyzed and compressed in the same pass through the encoder.
jitter	Small and rapid variations in a waveform due to mechanical disturbances, changes in the characteristics of components, supply voltages, imperfect synchronizing signals, circuits, etc.
pack	A group of MPEG packets in a DVD-Video program stream
device control	A tool which allows you to control another device
ncta	National Cable Television Association.
cladding	The outer part of a fibre optics cable, which is also a fibre but with a smaller material density that the centre core
pe	The smallest area of TV picture defined by TV standard; usually refers to discrete value on a sampling grid; a color pixel is a triplet of values representing either red, green and blue intensity, or luminance and two color-difference intensity values.
digital intermediate	A Digital Intermediate is the result of the process of shooting in High Definition or shooting on film followed by scanning to film quality data files, editing the project in High Definition and applying the creative process of color correction and color treatment to the completed master
ftp	An acronym for "File Transfer Protocol"
spatial resolution	The clarity of a single image or the measure of detail in an image
horizontal	The number of horizontal lines which are used to make up one full frame (two fields) of a video picture
agp	Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) is a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a graphics card to a computer's motherboard, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics.
din	A type of multi-pin connector.
sampling rate	The value inverse to the sampling period (sampling interval)
logotype or logo	Two or more letters or a whole word or distinctive setting of a name, cast as a single piece of metal; a standardized pattern as for the advertiser's name or trademark.
resolution	The usual PAL TV system up to now divides TV-pictures into 576 lines with typical 768 pixels
literary scout	A scout is someone who keeps tabs on all the hot books out there, usually on behalf of either film studios/producers or foreign publishers.
gain	Gain is a system's mean ratio of signal output to signal input.
saltation	an abrupt transition
motion recognition	Operation of video signal processing aimed to produce an output indicating the pixels or groups of pixels which belong to moving objects as opposed to static portions of the picture.
depth	The range of a camera lens
retma	Former name of the EIA association
mastering	The process of replicating optical discs by injecting liquid plastic into a mold containing a master
mhz	Megahertz
stream	A continuous flow of data, usually digitally encoded, designed to be processed sequentially
burn-in	Burn-in means to superimpose certain information on another image
switch	lay aside, abandon, or leave for another
fragmentation	The scattering of data over a disk caused by successive recording and deletion operations
hue	Shade of color, determined in television by the phase angle between a color and the color subcarrier or color burst reference signal.
limiter	A compressor with a ratioí'Ä (greater than or equal to) 10:1.
multiread	An OSTA standard for CD-ROM and DVD-ROM drives
safe area	- Also known as the safe zone
preset positioning	A function of a pan and tilt unit, including the zoom lens, where a number of certain viewing positions can be stored in the systems memory (usually this is in the PTZ site driver) and recalled when required either upon an alarm trigger, programmed or manual recall.
unbalanced signal	In CCTV, this refers to a type of video signal transmission through a coaxial cable
aliasing	Is sampled data interference
real-time search	the method of indexing content being published online into search engine results with virtually no delay.
dsr	Model number prefix for Sony DVCAM professional grade equipment
umatic	3/4 inch video cassette format developed by Sony.
key	To specify a region of an image or video clip to be used as a mask for transparency
nab	National Association of Broadcasters
key outline	A mixer function that causes only an outline (or derived edges) of the key signal to be used instead of the actual key signal.
advertising weight	The level of advertising support over a period of time, expressed in gross rating points, impressions, target audience reached, etc.
blanking interval	Time interval during which blanking is applied.
key gain	The key gain control of a mixer adjusts the sensitivity of the keying circuits
frequency	A measurement of an analog signal's vibration, represented as cycles persecond or Hertz (Hz).
tri-sync	Synchronization signal containing adjacent pulses of opposite polarities
usb	USB stands for "Universal Serial Bus" and is a system for transferring data
hsdl	An acronym for "High-Speed Data Link"
accommodation	The ability of our eyes to refocus at a new point of interest
uvw	Model number prefix for Sony low cost industrial grade Betacam SP equipment
pcie	PCI Express was designed to replace the general-purpose PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) expansion bus, the high-end PCI-X bus and the AGP graphics card interface.
parallel action	Aspects of a story happening simultaneously with the primary performer’s situation, edited so that the projected image goes back and forth between the primary and secondary scenes (often leading up to a convergence of the two actions).
etsi	European Telecommunications Standards Institute
d1	Specific resolution: 720 x 576 pixels
data bus	A set of (normally parallel) digital interconnections between modules, electronic chips or circuit boards.
daypart	One of the time segments into which the day is divided by broadcast media, determined by type of programming and who provides it (network or local).
logical unit	A physical or virtual peripheral device, such as a DVD-ROM drive.
broad pulses	Pulses within vertical sync group
key bus	A vision mixer bus used to select the input to a mixer keying circuits.
remote	A production at a location other than a television studio using a special effects generator and other equipment associated with multiple-camera studio facilities.
alc	Automatic Light Control
icon	A small graphic image that represents a file or application and when clicked upon produces a programmed result
s-vhs	Super VHS
cpu	Central processing unit
ebu	European Broadcasting Union
block matching	Method of Motion Estimation based on a sequential search for a maximal correlation between pixel blocks from the current TV field and shifted blocks from the adjacent TV field.
vertical interval	The vertical interval signals the picture monitor to go back to the top of the screen to begin another vertical scan
dolby pro logic	The technique (or the circuit which applies the technique) of extracting surround audio channels from a matrix-encoded audio signal
conditional access	A cryptographic technique for controlling which receivers are able to access a particular signal.
mii [color] bars	1
limiter	A compressor with a ratioà'à (greater than or equal to) 10:1.
mosaic	A digital video effect where the displayed video appears as though it is were composed of many small square or rectangular tiles, as though there were far fewer pixels in the complete image.
480i	480 lines of interlaced video (240 lines per field)
interpositive	Color master positive printed from the original negative, used for making duplicate negatives
closed caption	A system of encoding word characters onto certain lines of a video stream which can be decoded and displayed by a compatible television
digital	Expressed in digits
broadcast tv standard	Set of technical specifications defining the method of on-air radio-frequency transmission of a TV picture with accompanying sound
match on action	A cut between two shots of the same action from different positions, giving an impression of seamless simultaneity.
sdi pathological test signal	A full field digital test signal consisting of two parts - the upper half of the field is non-fully saturated magenta (C=300h, Y=198h) and serves to test equalizer operation, the bottom half is grey (C=200h, Y=110h) )and serves to test phase locked loop.
multiburst	Test signal in a form of series of sinusoidal bursts of different frequencies on a Pedestal
rgb	The basic parallel component set (red; green; blue) in which a signal is used for each primary color
history palette	A small floating window along the right side of the Premiere workspace that displays a list of your recent actions during the current working session
green book	The document developed in 1987 by Philips and Sony as an extension to CD-ROM XA for the CD-i system.
cgms	Copy guard management system
windows media screen codec	A codec used to compress and decompress sequences of screen images.
depth of field	A term used to describe the areas of a picture both in front and behind the main focus point which remains in focus.
antipal [test pattern]	A test pattern with deliberately wrong PAL switch function: the polarity of V component is not switched and polarity of U component is switched
spill-in	The amount of programming viewed within a market area to stations that are licensed to an adjacent market.
story board	In a story board each planned shot is drawn up or photographed to help visualize the concept.
head and full	Terms for color value ranges indicating a restricted value range that provides headroom (head) and the full value range (full)
remote control	A transmission and receiving of signals for controlling remote devices such as pan and tilt units, lens functions, wash and wipe control and similar.
tvl	Commonly used measure of spatial frequency of periodic pattern in a TV picture expressed as a ratio of picture height to the half period of the pattern
sdi	An acronym for "Serial Digital Interface"
bump mapping	A computer graphic term where an input image is used to alter the shape of a surface onto which it is mapped
signal compression	The processing of sampled digital signals in order to reduce their bit-rate (the number of bits per second) so that they may pass through a lower bit-rate capacity channel
audio mixer window	The Premiere window used to dynamically monitor and control the volume level and pan/balance of multiple audio tracks on the Timeline to combine them into a final program.
brightness control	A control used to adjust the illumination of viewfinders, monitors, and receivers, but not affecting signal levels from cameras or other picture sources.
derivative file	A file derived or created from another file, rather than created during an original digitization process
special effects	Artistic video effects used to enhance a video production by creating drama, enhancing the mood or furthering the story
attenuator	Device designed to reduce the strength of an
source identification codes	Part of internationally accepted Data Line similar to IDS.
mark	The non-reflective area of a writable optical disc
deliverables	The final products of the filmmaking process, used to create prints and other material for distribution.
pan	A camera movement in which the camera is rotated in the horizontal axis
set	A constructed environment in which to shoot a scene: often consists of flat backdrops or façades, but can be a three-dimensional construction.
eas	The Emergency Alert System (EAS) is a national warning system in the United States of America (USA)
progressive scanning	A display mode for electronic imaging in which all of the scanned lines are presented successively and each field has the same number of lines as a frame
rs-pc	Reed-Solomon product code
dielectric	An insulating(non-conductive) material.
two shot	A shot in which two actors appear within the frame.
pal switch	Sync pulse with period of two lines, the rising edge of which marks the start of a line with positive polarity of V component in PAL chrominance signal or the start of a Dr line in Dr/Db sequence in SECAM chrominance signal.
itu-rb 601	Description of a set of digitisation and interface formats, based on the idea of common sampling rate for both 625/50 and 525/59.94 scanning standards
asv-black-tft-lcd-panel	(Advanced super View panel) With ASV panels, large points of view from all directions are possible
tv field	Part of TV Frame scanned during one vertical cycle of TV Aperture movement
zclv	Zoned constant linear velocity
vitc	Vertical Interval TimeCode
fail-over	Automatically switch over to a backup or redundant system with equal characteristics
characteristic impedance	The apparent resistance to an alternating current shown by a wire or electronic device.
ntfs	An acronym for Microsoft Windows "New Technology File System"
odd field	Field with odd number in the interlaced field sequence.
4:2:2	A commonly used term for component digital video format
saddle stitching	Stapling pages, sections, or signatures together with wire from the outside fold along the fold to the center spread; distinguished from side stitching.
iso	International Organization on Standardization
tele-prompter	A device for displaying large, readable text on a partially transparent screen for video production
definition	Ratio of Contrast of fine periodic textures to the contrast of the coarse periodic textures in the TV picture, usually at some specified Spatial Frequency, e
conforming	To prepare a complete version of your project for viewing or playing out by conforming it
scanning	The rapid movement of the electron beam in a pickup device of a camera or in the CRT of a television receiver
pan-scan	Pan-Scan information is a set of data that is intended to guide professional video equipment in extracting an image to be presented in an aspect ratio that is different from that in which the material was produced or distributed
stream format	Information about the properties of a stream, such as the codecs used, frame rate, and frame size
aaton code	In-camera keycode/timecode reader.
pigment	An old technology carryover term for the magnetic particles contained in tape binder.
riser	A platform on which talent sit or stand, used to raise the talent to a level more suited to coverage by the television camera.
ru	Rack Unit
k byte	One thousand (103) bytes
fh	Number of [TV] lines transmitted per second.
decimation	A form of subsampling which discards existing samples (pixels, in the case of spatial decimation, or pictures, in the case of temporal decimation)
track buffer	Circuitry (including memory) in a DVD player that provides a variable stream of data (up to 10.08 Mbps) to the system decoders of data coming from the disc at a constant rate of 11.08 Mbps (except for breaks when a different part of the disc is accessed).
2-3 pulldown	The process of converting 24-frame-per-second film to video by repeating one film frame as three fields, then the next film frame as two fields
vinegar syndrome	Characteristic of the decomposition of acetate-based magnetic tape where acetic acid is a substantial by product that gives the tape a vinegar-like odor
coercivity	The level of demagnetizing force that would need to be applied to a tape or magnetic particle to reduce the remanent magnetization to zero
color correction	Color correction is an important step in the post production of RED ONE footage
ansi	American National Standards Institute
pdw	Model number prefix for Sony XDCAM HD & SD products using optical disc technology
m	Mega
fc-al	An acronym for "Fibre Channel - Arbitrated Loop"
iso interchange levels	There are three methods of recording and naming files on disc under the ISO 9660 standard
byte	A unit of data or data storage space consisting of eight bits, commonly representing a single character
cyclorama	A seamless background, blending into the floor and usually lit from behind
decimation	A simple variant of down-sampling achieved by discarding information, for instance by using only every other sample of video data (2 times decimation)
slow motion	In slow motion, a shot or sequence is slowed down so everything seems to be moving more slowly than in real life
host	A Host is a parent or base system that is accessing a RAID array for the purpose of data storage
view angle	First of all in the case of LCD televisions it can occur that the picture when watching lateraly (means if spectators does not sit accurately in front of the display) strongly loses contrast
omf	An acronym for "Open Media Framework"
aquos link	AQUOS Link System of the new AQUOS series for the simpler controlling of external Sharp devices over the AQUOS universal remote control.
dolby surround	The standard for matrix encoding surround-sound channels in a stereo signal by applying a set of defined mathematical functions when combining center and surround channels with left and right channels
distortion	Any undesirable alteration in an audio or video signal.
group of pictures	In MPEG or WMV files, a group of pictures is a set of frames, usually 15 frames long for MPEG files and a variable length for WMV files, that begins and ends with an i-frame and that contains p-frames or b-frames between the i-frames.
depth of field	The zone between the nearest and furthest points at which the camera can obtain a sharp focus.
reaction time	The reaction rate (also named response time) stands for the time a pixel needs to change its condition
copy	The process of copying the information on one tape to another tape of the same or different format
retail price	The price of a book as listed on cover
key light	The main source of illumination in a video production usually facing the on-camera talent.
gamma	Gamma is a correction of linear response of a camera
601	Please see ITU-R BT.601.
gb	Gigabytes (billions of bytes)
moods	Photographs that help visualizing the look of a shot, location, actor or entire project.
shader	A shader in the field of computer graphics is a set of software instructions, which is used by the graphic resources primarily to perform rendering effects
bit parallel	Byte-wise transmission of digital video down a multi-conductor cable where each pair of wires carries a single bit
cwdm	Coarse Wave Division Multiplexing
cd	Compact disk
windows media format	The format used by Microsoft Windows Media technologies (or a non-Microsoft product that incorporates a licensed Windows Media technology) to author, store, edit, distribute, stream, or play timeline-based content.
sibilance	An undesired hissing sound resulting from over emphasis of high-frequency sound in the reproduction of "s" and "z" sounds in speech
bandwidth	- The amount and rate of data that can be processed or transmitted by a given device
terabyte	Equivalent to 1 trillion bytes or 1 thousand gigabytes.
teletext	Broadcast TV service providing alpha-numeric and graphic information by transmission of Data Lines within TV signal.
hdtv-compatible	A marketing term but no quality label
iso 9660 w/rockridge extensions	A revision to the ISO specification to allow for UNIX specific exceptions to the ISO 9660 standard.
temporal resolution	The clarity of a moving image or moving object, or the measurement of the rate of information change in motion video
secam chrominance phase switching	The line-by-line and field-by-field variation of initial phase of SECAM chrominance signal following the specified pattern (in degrees) :
reverb	- An audio effect that simulates the ambience of a room of a specific size and with different sound-absorbent properties.
page split	A digital video effect where the displayed picture appears as though it is put on the surface of a page which is then split into several rectangular sections and made to fly apart.
sparkles	A digital video effect in which a stream of particles appears to emerge randomly from the edge of an object or effect wipe boundary
vertical interval test signals	Test signals inserted in the lines of the vertical blanking interval, defined by the TV standard, e
video preservation	An archival system that ensures the survival in perpetuity of the program content according to the highest technical standards reasonably available
dvi	Multimedia standard for computer generated text and graphics merged in video production.
tv picture artifact	Visible defect in a TV picture due to a shortcoming in a process.
hum	A term used to describe an unwanted induction of mains frequency.
udp	See User Datagram Protocol (UDP).
fragile watermark	A watermark designed to be destroyed by any form of copying or encoding other than a bit-for-bit digital copy
uxga	Resolution of a computer generated image
requantizing distortion	Distortion caused by shortening the word length of a digital audio sample as a result of truncation
ppm minutes	Meeting minutes record the meeting and lay out all decisions made during the meeting.
false colors	A digital video effect where the color palette is re-mapped, for instance causing green to become magenta and magenta to become blue, etc.
nrzi	Non-return to zero, inverted
tbc	Device performing a Time Base Correction function often with many other features, e
anaglyph	A type of stereoscopy in which the two pictures are individually coloured and then superimposed as a single image rather than two separate images
sampling	Process of signal transfer from continuous time domain to discrete time domain
xslt	XML Style sheet transform
downstage	Toward the camera.
candela	[cd]
head	A small electromagnet with a very small air gap between the poles used to record and play back magnetic pulses on audio or video tape.
crc	A standard error-detection code used to check the presence of bit errors in a block of data.
super black	A value of black used in an image to allow luminance keying in a portion of an image, usually at or near 0
progressive	Linear scanning or rather image presentation in unlike line spacing or rather "interlaced".
eprom	Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory
hyperbolic zone plate	A Zone Plate test pattern consisting of family of hyperbolic curves and showing a two-dimensional spatial frequency domain in Cartesian co-ordinates
2k	A film image scanned into a computer file at a resolution of 2048 horizontal pixels per line.
matrix switcher	Device for the routing and distribution of several video (and possibly audio) signals to several destinations.
pixel	The smallest picture element of an image (one sample of each color component)
motion adaptive	A design that senses motion in order to alter the way it functions, for the purpose of avoiding or reducing some motion related artifacts.
image enhancer	Electronic device for increasing picture quality.
video printer	A special device used to capture a single frame of video to create a hard copy print.
dsi	Data search information
metal halide lamp	The type of lamp used in most high-end portable projectors
line comb [filter]	Comb Filter using inputs from at least two spatially adjacent lines in the same field.
windows	See Microsoft Windows.
affidavit	A statement, usually notarized, accompanying station invoices which confirms that the commercial actually ran at the time stated on the invoice.
transition	The method of smoothly moving from one video clip, animation or photo to another.
hdcp default	High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) is a form of digital copy protection developed by Intel Corporation to prevent copying of digital audio and video content as it travels across the High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI)
standard	A set of rules or characteristics defining a particular system or product
disc-at-once	Mode of writing an entire disc without turning off the recording laser
still store	A device that stores and recalls still images
control-t	Similar to Control-L but allows multiple units to be controlled
back-focus	This is the process for adjusting the position of the lens in relation to the CCD chip
follow focus	A device that allows the focus puller to adjust the focus easily and precisely.
dvd-ram	A new type of rewritable compact disc that provides much greater data storage than today’s CD-RW systems
test matrix	Test pattern composed from several horizontal bands each occupied by test signal of some type; does not contain two-dimensional components like circles, etc
pulse-to-bar ratio	Measure of linear distortions in a signal path
plug-and-play	The ability for an operating system to recognize and install necessary drivers for a device without input from the user
forced display	A feature of DVD-Video allowing subpictures to be displayed even if the player's subpicture display mode is turned off
xl	Also XLR or cannon
m/e	The part of a vision mixer or digital video effects device where video signals from several sources are combined to create Mixes, Fades, Keys, etc.
source	Any piece of equipment which transmits information to another piece of equipment
ftp	File Transfer Protocol: network protocol for file transfer
re-purposing	A technical modification to the content, usually to meet the requirements of the delivery medium.
blanking	The process of periodically setting the video signal values to a predefined value during predefined time intervals
crop	To trim and remove a section of the video picture in order to make it conform to a different shape
cell	In DVD-Video, a unit of video anywhere from a fraction of a second to hours long
video frame store	A device which enables digital storage of one or more images for steady display on a video monitor.
mirror	A digital effect where the left and right or top and bottom sides of the displayed picture are swapped.
hfs	Hierarchical file system
convergenz	During perfect convergence all three fundamental colours red, green and blue are displayed exactly congruent
noise reduction	Electronic reduction of observable grain in the picture.
combiner [of dve]	The part of a vision mixer or digital video effects device where video signals from several sources are combined to create Mixes, Fades, Keys, etc.
foot-candela	An illumination light unit used mostly in American CCTV terminology
sddi	Serial Digital Data Interface
phase-change	A technology for rewritable optical discs using a physical effect in which a laser beam heats a recording material to reversibly change an area from an amorphous state to a crystalline state, or vice versa
rotation	An effect on a video system which rotates and turns the images of a video clip at a freely definable angle
galleys	Advance copies of a book for review
teaser	Ad aimed at generating curiosity and interest.
bitmap	An image made up of a given number of pixels, each with a specific color value, laid out in a grid
flange	The round disc on either side of a tape reel.
g byte	One billion (109) bytes
insert	A shot or sequence inserted into a television program used to illustrated a subject.
finalizing	The process used to finish a video sequence
pal	See Phase Alternating Line (PAL).
central power switch	The central power switch fully disconnects the LCD TV from the mains supply after use, thereby contributing significantly to energy saving.
progressive scanning	Scanning with Interlace Ratio equal to unity.
reformatting	The process of copying the information on one tape [or other media storage device] to another tape of the same or different format
gigantism	Confusing Visual cues in a stereoscopic scene that can make an object appear to be the ‘wrong' size i.e
eu eco label	The eco-flower, the coveted European eco-label, is recognized as an important seal of approval for the environmental performance of LCD TVs
mvp®	The product name for Evertz premier Monitoring and Multi-Image Video Processor System
fader	A console control which allows an operator to perform manual dissolves, fades & wipes.
data	Information transmitted as binary code
host	A computer that allows users to communicate with other host computers on a network.
network	A group of computers or devices that are connected together for the exchange of data and sharing of resources.
bandwidth	The amount and rate of data that can be processed or transmitted by a given device
tiff	- A lossless image file format designed for photographic images that compresses the image size while preserving all the image quality
virs	Signals inserted in the lines of the vertical blanking interval, as defined by a TV Standard
downstream	A broadcasting term meaning closer to the point of final transmission
duct tape	A shiny adhesive tape designed for holding metal heating and cooling ducts, but also commonly used as a substitute for gaffers tape, a general purpose tape used in television and film.
spatial frequency	Value inverse to the period of the pattern in the TV picture
petabyte	A digital storage capacity equivalent to one-quadrillion bytes.
lcrs	Denotes an audio system that has four (4) full-range channels (Left, Center, Right, Surround)
crosstalk	Undesired transmission of signals from one circuit into another circuit in the same system
balanced signal	This refers to a type of video signal which is transmitted through a twisted pair cable
four-color process	Technique for reproducing color illustrations by a set of four process plates (one of which prints all the yellows, another the blues, a third the reds, the fourth the blacks, not necessarily in that order).
base light	An even, diffuse, light filling a setting with sufficient light to keep shadows from key or back lights from being too dark.
rca pin plug	A small connector used with unbalanced single conductor shielded audio cables to interconnect home entertainment audio products
encode	To convert audio and video content to a specified digital format.
post production	The final phase in video production in which editing and dubbing are carried out.
challenge key	Data used in the authentication key exchange process between a DVD-ROM drive and a host computer, where one side determines if the other side contains the necessary authorized keys and algorithms for passing encrypted (scrambled) data.
video title set	A set of one to ten files holding the contents of a title.
ntsc 4.43	Non-broadcast color TV system primarily used when certain modified PAL equipment is used for playing back consumer NTSC tapes with the color-under subcarrier heterodyning to 4.43 MHz instead of 3.58 MHz.
frame frequency	Number of [TV] frames transmitted per second.
server	A computer program that provides services to other computer programs by responding to requests and supplying or accepting data
u-matic	U-matic, Sony's name for the format, became one of the most successful formats of all time
editing equipment	Equipment used to compile a finished program from tapes and other sources.
lower third	A usually keyable super which is located in the lower third of the screen.
digital video	System of recording video images using sequences of binary numbers to encode brightness, colour and timing information necessary to reconstruct the moving image.
forums	Also known as a message board, a forum is an online discussion site
vu	Volume unit
gray market	Dealers and distributors who sell equipment without proper authorization from the manufacturer.
lead in	The physical area 1.2 mm or wider preceding the data area on a disc
slow scan	The transmission of a series of frozen images by means of analog or digital signals over limited bandwidth media, usually telephone.
raid	Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks.
networked	A networked artwork is designed to be viewed on an electronic communication system, whether a Local Area Network (LAN) or the Internet
otp	Opposite track path
parallel path	See PTP.
pillarbox	Pillarbox describes a frame that the image fails to fill horizontally, requiring bars without picture information at the left and/or right sides of the image
anti-aliasing	A filtering process to prevent Aliasing or to reduce the Aliasing that is already in the signal, i.e
ccir rec 601	Description of a set of digitization and interface formats, based on the idea of common sampling rate for both 625/50 and 525/59.94 scanning standards
post house	Abbreviation for Post production House
roll	- To scroll lines of title text vertically up or down the screen
ife	In-flight entertainment.
vlpro	Abbreviation for VistaLINK® PRO The name for Evertz Monitoring and control software used to control and monitor many of our 7700 series and 500 series modules
a:b:c notation	The a:b:c notation for sampling ratios, as found in the CCIR-601 specifications, has the following meaning:
gate	A signal used to trigger the passage of other signals through a circuit.
wordclock	A word clock or wordclock (sometimes called a sample clock) is a clock signal (not the actual device) used to synchronize other devices, such as digital audio tape machines and players
shot/countershot	Same as reverse angle.
digitize	To convert analog information to digital information by sampling.
sampling	Converting analog information into a digital representation by measuring the value of the analog signal at regular intervals, called samples, and encoding these numerical values in digital form
sata	The Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) computer bus has the primary function of transfering data between the motherboard and mass storage devices (such as hard disk drives and optical drives) inside a computer.
slate	. A small blackboard-like device recorded on-camera that gives program information (name, title, date, take numbers).
isomerization	the conversion of a compound into an isomer of itself
bios	Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) is a system that defines the firmware interface
db fs	Abbreviation for "decibels full scale," a unit of power as measured by a digital device
pgci	Program chain information
real audio/video	A product that works in conjunction with some Internet browsers to enable the user to listen or view live or pre-recorded content in real time.
paid-on-delivery subscription	Term subscription, the price for each issue of which is collected when it is delivered or, in case an advance payment is made with order, the prorated balance is collected at time of delivery of each issue.
sampling	The mechanism by which analog signals or objects are digitized
release print	Numerous duplicate prints of a subject made for general theatre release
cif	Common intermediate format
psf imaging	An acronym for "Progressive-Segmented Frame imaging"
ip streaming	Transmitting essence, live or as buffered files using internet packets over standard IT networks.
paintbox	Specifically, this is the brand name for a paint system sold by Quantel
radial mire	Sweep test pattern in a form of a ring filled with several (usually from eight to thirty) radial lines
di	An abbreviation for "Digital Intermediate"
demodulation	The process of separating a signal from its carrier frequency.
change of state	the act of changing something into something different in essential characteristics
core statement	The core statement summarizes the intentions and marketing goals of an advertising campaign and is developed by the agency or the production company
burst	Short period of colour subcarrier added to each line sync period.
edtv	Enhanced-definition television
pit art	A pattern of pits to be stamped onto a disc to provide visual art rather than data
video aspect ratio	The ratio of video width to video height
https	Secure HTTP
smpte st 309	The SMPTE standard for the encoding Date and Time Zone information into SMPTE ST 12-1 Time code signals
antialias	To smooth out a jagged or stair-step appearance or motion between adjacent points so that it appears continuous.
reel-to-reel	Any audio or videotape format which uses tape packaged on open reels which must be threaded manually, rather than enclosed in a cassette or cartridge.
interactive television	A capability in DTV or DSTB that allows a user to control the action of the television and view the results of his/her action on the television.
sector	The smallest recordable unit on a compact disc
letterbox	Letterbox describes a video frame that the image fails to fill vertically, requiring bars without picture information at the top and/or the bottom of the image
routing	Describes the activity of a device within a computer network that will decide the destination of a data package
hardware	Hardware comprises all of the tangible elements in a computer, as distinguished from the data it contains or operates on and the software that provides instructions for the hardware to accomplish tasks.
pick-up	The process of sequential [in time] transformation of the color or brightness of image elements into electrical signal[s].
rectification	the conversion of alternating current to direct current
staircase	A test signal to measure non-linearity
arcs	Advance copies of a book for review
cd-rom	Compact Disk Read Only Memory
lo/ro	Left only/right only
cd	Compact Disk
ac	Alternating current
yuv	A color model that describes color information in terms of its brightness (luminance, or Y), and color (chrominance, or U and V).
cd-i bridge	A set of specifications defining a way of recording CD-I information on a CD-ROM XA disc
triax	Coaxial type cable with extra screen to provide camera power.
impedance	The apparent resistance to an alternating current shown by a wire or electronic device.
cue points	Time codes or other pointers in an audio or video stream that allow an application such as Director to access audiovisual segments in an different order than their original sequence.
cmi	Content management information
conservation plan	A clear articulation of the decision-making process around a proposed course of action, the likely effects of such action and its justification.
contributing reporter or writer	Often used to describe a freelance writer
cprm	Content Protection for Recordable Media
compressor	Program by which files are compressed
480p	480 lines of progressive video (480 lines per frame)
html	HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is a programing language for web pages
hyperlink	A highlighted word or picture within a hypertext document that when clicked takes you to another place within the document or to another document altogether.
offline edit	Cutting the original footage into sequences and story lines in low resolution is called offline editing.
broadcast quality	Footage that meets the high technical standards for broadcast or cablecast
thumbnail	A down-converted image to provide a preview of its original material
vanc	Vertical Ancillary Data
rgby	RGBY describes a technology used in new AQUOS LCD TVs, whereby the three primary colours red, green and blue (RGB) are extended by the addition of yellow (Y)
adaption	See: Adaptation.
total net paid	total of all classes of a publication's circulation for which the ultimate purchasers have paid in accordance with the standards set by the rules; includes single copy sales, mail subscriptions and specials; reported "including bulk" and excluding "bulk."
gigantism	Confusing Visual cues in a stereoscopic scene that can make an object appear to be the 'wrong' size i.e
uv²a technology	With UV2A Photo Alignment Technology, liquid crystals contained in modern LCD panels can be aligned extremely precisely with the aid of UV light
k-factor	A generalised measure of linear distortions in a signal path which conforms to the subjective visibility of overshoots and echoes
line synchronizer	A device performing variable delay function from minimal up to several TV lines, for the purpose of Synchronization
comb [filter]	Device using the periodic repetition of chrominance subcarrier phases along the vertical axis and sometimes the temporal axis to perform luminance-chrominance separation in the decoder
pap	Shortcut for the "picture and picture" function with which one can see 2 signal sources in parallel on one screen at the same time.For that reason both video frames will be scaled down.
camera ready artwork	Black on white (or reversed) flat artwork that can be shot on a copystand
pack shot	The pack shot is a shot of the advertised product that clearly shows its name and packaging
digital	A signal which consists of a series of discreet values, as opposed to an analogue signal, which is made up of a continuous information stream.
zoom mode	Mode of HDTV Down Conversion where the output TV picture is produced from part of an HDTV source picture with on-line control of its size and position.
high level	Audio signal intended to attain a maximum, or peak, level of zero db, or one volt at six hundred ohms impedance
depth of field	The area in front of and behind the object in focus which appears sharp on the screen
display device	A display device is a presentation device for visual information
third-party	Software or hardware developed by other manufacturers.
reflector spot	A sealed spotlight with a self-contained reflector.
mac os	The operating system used by Apple Macintosh computers.
openfx	Open-source animation and modeling program
effect controls palette	A small floating window along the right side of the Premiere workspace that lists the current effects applied to an audio or video clip
scrim	A wire mesh used to reduce and soften the light from a light.
surround sound	See Quad, 5.1 and 7.1.
timeline	A view of the workspace that focuses on the timing of your video clips.
cd+g	Compact disc plus graphics
pcm	See pulse code modulation (PCM).
line sweep	Sweep signal modulated along the TV line assuming that the next line will contain the same signal, so all the lines in the field form a vertical pattern, e
eia	Electronics Industry Association, which has recommended the television standard used in USA, Canada and Japan, based on 525 lines interlaced scanning
pit	A microscopic depression in the recording layer of a disc
volt	The standard unit for measuring the difference of potential between two points in an electronic circuit.
non-additive mix	A type of mix where the output at any point in the picture consists exclusively of whichever input signal had the greater amplitude
sequential scanning	Scanning with Interlace Ratio equal to unity.
field	A television term which refers to one half of the TV frame, and which is composed of either all odd or even lines
1080i	1080 lines of interlaced video (540 lines per field)
frame synchronizer	A device performing variable delay function from minimal up to one whole frame, for the purpose of Synchronization
wide angle lens	A wide angle lens has a short focal length and therefore a large field of view
i.b.c.	Inside back cover (also called third cover).
fcc	A certificate with the acronym for "Frame Count Cuing"
raster	Unmodulated TV picture comprising horizontal lines.
transcoder	A device that converts one component format to another, e.g
descriptive metadata	Metadata, often intended for humans, which adds value to the content
still store	A device to store one or several static TV pictures (frames).
netiquette	Network etiquette, or the set of informal rules of behavior that have evolved in Cyberspace, including the Internet and online services.
kb	Kilobyte.
location	A location is where a shoot takes place.
edc	32 bits in each sector which are used to detect errors in the sector data.
chrominance phase switching	The line-by-line and field-by-field variation of initial phase of SECAM chrominance signal following the specified pattern (in degrees) :
pixel aspect ratio	The ratio of width to height of a single pixel
phase inversion	The line-by-line and field-by-field variation of initial phase of SECAM chrominance signal following the specified pattern (in degrees) :
rf	A term used to describe the radio frequency signal band of the electromagnetic spectrum (about 3 MHz to 300 GHz)
multicast	A content delivery method in which a single stream is transmitted from a media server to multiple clients
cardboarding	Lack of true 3D feel to a shot making it look like it is made from cardboard cut-outs
flashback	Narrative device in which the action is interrupted by scenes representing a character’s memory of events experienced before the time of the action.
newsgroup	A public place where messages are posted for public consumption and response
gain	Degree of amplification
wow and flutter	Slow or fast changes respectively in the speed of a tape transport which causes a variation in audio pitch.
ccir	French acronym for International Radio Consultative Committee
ccd	Charged Coupled Device
video system	Term used to indicate, among other things, the number of picture lines and pictures per second
commands palette	- A window that contains a list of preset commands
video monitor	A device for converting a video signal into an image.
ieee	The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
compress	To reduce the size of audio or video data through the use of a compression scheme
content	A general term that refers to audio and video media, images, text, and any other information that is seen or heard as part of a media presentation.
capstan	The spindle that actually drives tape across head assemblies.
sis	Method of transmitting an analog video signal together with accompanying sound by way of insertion of pulses modulated by the audio signal in the middle of Line Sync pulses.
cross planes	A multi-channel digital effect that causes the displayed images to appear as though they are put on several differently oriented planes (usually intersecting one another).
chroma sawtooth	Test signal in a form of color subcarrier modulated by a ramp signal, i.e
5.1.	Name of the usual speaker configuration ambient sound: five boxes (left, center, right, Surround left, Surround right) plus a Subwoofer.
ire	Acronym for the North American 'Institute of Radio Engineers'
list server	A program that automatically routes messages via e-mail to all the participants in a discussion group
byte	A complete set of quantized levels containing all the bits
flag	Temporary persistence of a bright spot on the pickup tube as the image causing the spot is moved across the face of the tube.
mixed blanking	Combination of horizontal and vertical blanking.
chroma	The characteristic of a color which refers to its saturation or intensity
commands palette	A small floating window along the right side of the Premiere workspace that contains a list of preset commands
ip index	IP stands for Index of Protection, which is defined by a numbering system that describes the quality of protection of an enclosure from outside influences, such as moisture, dust and impact.
resolution standard	There are a number of named resolution standards: D1 and SIF being the most popular
impedance matching	The use of a transformer or other device to alter the impedance of a device to equal the impedance of another device
conservation report	A detailed description of the work of art or artifact, its condition, an analysis of the risks to that object and a description of how those risks might be mitigated
4c	The four-company entity: IBM, Intel, Matsushita, Toshiba.
control-l	Sony’s wired consumer edit control protocol, also called LANC (Local Application Control), which allows two-way communication between a camcorder or VCR and an edit controller
multisession	A technique in write-once recording technology that allows additional data to be appended after data written in an earlier session.
non-interlaced scanning	Scanning with Interlace Ratio equal to unity.
tally	A lamp which lights to indicate that the associated video source is in use
metadata	Data that describes other data
poe	Power Over Ethernet: function in network cameras, which enables power to be supplied through the network cable
proxy	Material rendered in a lower quality, normally unsuitable for broadcast
tbc	Time Base Corrector
50/60hz	The unit „Hertz "(Hz) indicates the picture frequency
scale	- To reduce or enlarge an image or video sequence by squeezing or stretching the entire image to a smaller or larger image resolution.
primary color signals	Signals carrying information about intensity of Red (R), Green (G) and Blue (B) components of TV picture.
rom	An acronym for "Read Only Memory"
object-oriented	A style of computer programming that emphasizes writing chunks of code in a generic and encapsulated way in order to reuse these code "objects" for future projects.
client-server architecture	Network structure which separates server applications from client applications
s-vhs-c	An improved version of the VHS-C tape format capable of recording better picture resolution (definition).
back projection	Where screen receives the picture from behind.
bnc	Stands for Bayonet Neil Concelman connector, and it is the most popular connector in CCTV and Broadcast TV for transmitting a basic bandwidth video signal over a coaxial cable.
filter	A Filter is a computer software module used to process digital video for adding special effects to a program.
oem	Original equipment manufacturer
overshoot	Artifact caused by imperfection of system frequency response
bit	Shorthand for binary digit, which has two optional values "0" or "1." Eight bits means 8 binary digits
scanned area	In television graphics, the area on a slide or live card which is to be scanned by the television camera
flare	An undesired image, or overall haziness of an image caused by undesired reflections of light from surfaces within the lens itself.
pulse and bar	Popular test signal consisting of a 2T-pulse and a T or 2T white bar.
fidelity	A subjective appraisal of the amount of distortion in the reproduction and transmission of signals.
interlace	Also called interlaced scan
4:2:0	The component digital video format used by DVD, where there is one Cb sample and one Cr sample for every four Y samples (i.e., 1 pixel in a 2 x 2 grid)
pel	The smallest area of TV picture defined by TV standard; usually refers to discrete value on a sampling grid; a color pixel is a triplet of values representing either red, green and blue intensity, or luminance and two color-difference intensity values.
quantization errors	Digital systems are designed to represent voltages only in predetermined values called quantization levels
subtitle font	This can be set to either variable or fixed
backup	Copying files or databases so that they will be preserved.
tbc	Time Base Corrector.
encapsulation	Encapsulation is a strategy for digital media preservation that groups a digital object with all other entities that are necessary to provide access to that object
foley	Background sounds added during audio sweetening to heighten realism.
ddr	An acronym for "Digital Disk Recorder"
active picture area	See: Active Image Area.
director's cut	A rough-cut created by the director once the editor's cut is complete.
shotgun microphone	Long, highly directional microphone designed to pick up sounds from a distance, directly in front of it, while rejecting sound from all other directions
even field	Field with even number in the interlaced field sequence.
luminance	The portion of the video signal that contains the brightness information for the picture, without color information
ansi-labeled	A tape recorded with a file structure and tape label system which defines the Volume name and file header for the information contained in the tape, according to ANSI (American National Standards Institute) specification X3.27-19778
tristimulus	A three-valued signal that can match nearly all colors of visible light in human vision
din	Deutsches Institut für Normung/German Institute for Standardization
editing	The act of rewriting, viewing, listening, and cutting print publications, video, or audio in order to perfect the story
projection axis	Direction of the "imaginary" line that extends from the center of the projection lens through the center of the screen.
focal length	The distance from the optical center of a lens to the focal plane.
flood light	Any light throwing a broad, even illumination in a circular pattern with diffused shadows.
color-correction	Alteration of the tonal values of colored objects or images.
flag	The horizontal shift observed at the top of the screen when a timing error occurs due either to skew and tension problems on playback or to slight timing errors at an edit point created in the editing process.
jewel box	The plastic clamshell case that holds a CD or DVD.
oscilloscope	Also CRO, from "Cathode Ray Oscilloscope"
ntc composite	Vertical Interval Test Signal specified by NTC (a US body) for the NTSC system
exabyte	System for recording/reading digital data using 8mm video cassettes
hypertext markup language	Standard text format used for Internet documents.
retentivity	Maximum remanent magnetism possible in a magnetic material.
ccd	Charge Coupled Device
saturation	The intensity or vividness of a color.
hexadecimal	Representation of numbers using base 16.
rendering	The computer process of creating a special effect, animation or editing task.
dae	Digital audio extraction
digital light projection	A technique developed by Texas Instruments that creates a video image on a piece of silicon and uses mirrors and light to project the image onto a viewable screen.
bus	A Bus is a group of data, control and/or addressing lines that extend from device to device and act as a conduit for signals
pcm	Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is a digital representation of an analog signal.
resolution	The degree to which fine detail can be recorded or displayed
mpeg	Digital compressed video signal format used for distribution and contribution purposes according to ISO/IEC MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 specifications [MPEG is an acronym for Moving Pictures Experts Group].
graduated matte	Variant of Background with a gradual change from one color to another across the picture.
ups	Uninterruptable Power Supply
motion control	A technique used to move the viewer through a live action tableau by employing a computer-controlled camera
burn in	Used to be prevalent in tube cameras where image was retained semi-permanently on the target area of the camera pick-up tube caused by shooting excessively bright objects.
nyquist limit	See Nyquist Frequency.
son	The metal discs produced from mothers discs in the replication process
rpn	Reverse Polish Notation
scratching	Gouging of the magnetic layer or base as the tape passes through a machine
pots	Plain Old Telephone Service, ie
buyer	The person at a bookstore or library who is responsible for ordering books.
firewire	- A digital data interface standard that provides a high-speed Plug-and-Play interface for personal computers
mbps	Megabits/second
universal naming convention	The full name of a resource on a network
download	To transfer data from a larger "host" system to a smaller "client" system's hard drive or other local storage device
kelvin	A system or scale for measuring temperature
head room	The space between the top of a subject's head and the top of the video frame.
studio	A large room or hall specially intended for filming, often equipped with pre-rigged lights and a sound recording system
db-	A symbol indicating that a measurement is made using a logarithmic scale similar to that of the decibel (see below) in that a difference of 10 dB- corresponds to a factor of 10
syntax	The rules governing construction or formation of an orderly system of information
mpeg-4	First released in 1999 with a follow-up version in 2001, MPEG-4 is a standard for multimedia applications intended for use by an array of industries and employs advancements in compression coding.
rg-58	A coaxial cable designed with 50 Ohm impedance, therefore not suitable for CCTV
enhanced television	Any of several techniques for providing a viewer with additional information associated with a television program or advertisement.
mb	- Megabytes ( millions of bytes)
bleed plate size	Mechanical requirement for dimensions of printing plate for bleed page considerably larger than trim size and usually larger than overall paper size of page by 1/8-inch top, bottom and outside margins to permit trim on those three sides; specified on rate card and in SRDS listing.
window	A usually rectangular section within an entire screen or picture.
external key	Keying mode where the key video is a separate signal connected to a dedicated input of the mixer (or DVE)
meta tag	A specific kind of HTML tag containing information not displayed to the user.
cache	Cache is an especially fast memory
5.1	Delivers five audio channels and 1 Low-frequency Effect (LFE) channel from a 6 channel source.
line tilt	Tilt measured across the top of the bar in a Bar test signal
mailing list	A discussion group that occurs via mass email distributions
splash page	A branded web page, usually highly animated, seen before accessing a website's home page.
zoom-in	Expansion of the picture details within the zoomed picture area.
audio mixer window	- A window used to dynamically monitor and control the volume level and pan/balance of multiple audio tracks on the Timeline to combine them into a final program.
truck	A lateral movement of the camera achieved by moving or rolling the tripod dolly to the left (truck left) or right (truck right).
da-88	A Tascam-brand eight-track digital audio tape machine using the 8 mm video format.
sinus squared pulse	Component of test signals with normalized half amplitude duration (HAD), e
re-versioning	Editorial changes to the original content to create different length programs or to remove culturally sensitive content.
record/capture	Analog video (or audio) signals are converted into digital formats.
i-frame	Also known as an intraframe
afd	Active Format Description
anti aliasing	Anti-aliasing is the technique of minimizing the distortion artifacts known as aliasing when representing a high-resolution signal at a lower resolution.
quad	Quadraphonic (or quadrophonic) sound – also called 4.0 stereo – uses four channels in which speakers are positioned at the four corners of the listening space, reproducing signals that are (wholly or in part) independent of one another.
cue	(v.) The act of rewinding or fast-forwarding a video- or audiotape so that the desired section is ready for play.
scart	An audio/video connector used in consumer equipment, especially in Europe
24psf	Term used to describe a 24 (23.98) frame progressive video that divides the video in segments of odd and even lines for transmission and storage and display.
idtv	Improved-definition television
convergence	Accuracy of colour registration.
video band	General term describing the wide bandwidth covering the range from several Hz to several MHz; as opposed to the RF band which does not include low frequency components.
temporal	Relating to time
multiread	A standard developed by the Yokohama group, a consortium of companies attempting to ensure that new CD and DVD hardware can read all CD formats (see "Innovations of CD" in Chapter 2 for a discussion of CD variations).
sponsorship	Payment for advertising related to an event or programme that supports the running of the event or the production of the programme
s/n	Signal to noise ratio (normally the greater the better).
bookmark	A routine that allows you to save a reference to a site or page that you have already visited
down-sampling	Sampling Rate Conversion to decrease the sampling rate, e
internet art	Art made specifically for viewing or distributing on the Internet.
long gop	Long group of pictures.
character generator	A small computer used to generate titles and other text electronically without the use of a camera.
barn door	A metal flap or group of metal flaps attached to the front of a lamp housing to prevent light from spilling outside a desired area.
out of band	In a place not normally accessible.
mp@ml	Main profile at main level
stick slip	The process in which (1) the tape sticks to the recording head because of high friction; (2) the tape tension builds because the tape is not moving at the head; (3) the tape tension level reaches a critical level, causing the tape to release from and briefly slip past the read head at high speed; (4) the tape slows to normal speed and once again sticks to the recording head; (5) this process is repeated indefinitely
compatibility	Ability of equipment designed for a particular TV System to receive or process, with acceptable quality, the signals of another TV system
preservation master	The common term for a tape that is created through the process of re-mastering
nyquist rate	See Nyquist Frequency.
i/o	This stands for "Input/Output"
driver	A software component that enables an application to communicate with a hardware device.
sata	An acronym for "Serial ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment)"
ident	A short ad to identify the programme's sponsor at the beginning and end of a TV programme section.
field	Even or odd line component of a frame in an interlaced TV system (see Frame).
strip	A program scheduled at the same time each day, typically Monday-Friday.
post production	The term post production refers to the entire workflow of processing the footage from after the shoot to final mastering, i.e
matte	An area of a video display or motion picture that is covered (usually in black) or omitted in order to create a differently shaped area within the picture frame.
db u	A logarithmic unit of power, similar to dB m but computed from voltage measurements
stand-alone	Stand-alone describes programs which run without the services of other programs (except maybe firmware).
sync sound	Sound that is recorded with the intention of being married to a picture at an exact point.
back coat	Optional layer applied to backside of tape substrate layer, useful in reducing tape friction and distortion, as well as dissipating static charge in playback
msw	Model number prefix for Sony IMX equipment
rs-232c	An EIA serial digital interface standard specifying the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the communication path between two devices using 25-pin D-type connectors
chroma ramp	Test signal in a form of color subcarrier modulated by a ramp signal, i.e
burst	The reference for establishing the picture color, burst is seven to nine cycles (NTSC) or ten cycles (PAL) of subcarrier placed near the end of horizontal blanking to serve as the phase (color) reference for the modulated color subcarrier.
tally lamp	A signal lamp or LED installed on a video camera which informs performers and crew members when the camera is "live".
tri-level sync	Synchronization signal containing adjacent pulses of opposite polarities
key	The general term for the process of superimposing video from one source (the foreground) on top of another source (the background) using a cut-out or 'key' signal to control which of the two signals is visible at any one point.
aes	Automatic Electronic Shutter: enables the camera to be adapted to fluctuating brightness levels through variable exposure times
treatment	Extensive outline of the story idea
frame blanking	Field rate Blanking
query	A general question posed to a person or group over the Internet.Internet users are generally so helpful that if one asks an appropriate query to the correct discussion group, one will often receive many useful responses
gradient	- Gradual change from one color (or intensity level) to another
3d animation	An animation method where dimensional objects, their motion paths, and attributes are geometrically described in a computer
spinwheel	In the DVE sense it describes a single co-ordinate control used for changing effects parameters in the 'Z' axis (perpendicular to the screen plane).
letterbox	Viewed picture format with full horizontal screen occupation and reduced vertical screen occupation, i
rasterise	To convert a geometric, vector-based image into a buncha pixels.
progressive	Progressive video displays frames, in whole, one after each other, unlike interlaced formats where the frames are split into fields and contiguous images are overlapped on a frame (essentially doubling the number of images per second)
xlr	The XLR connector is an electrical connector, and a standard for broadcast audio equipement
air date	The first broadcast of a commercial; also refers to the exact date of a particular TV or radio program.
aspect ratio	When dealing with images created on a computer, it is sometimes necessary to deal with the differences between the square pixels used in a software program and the eventual output format or device
lume	Signal carrying the information about the brightness of TV picture
horizontal blanking	Line rate Blanking.
sampling	The process where analog signals are measured, often million of times per second in video, in order to convert analog signals to digital
drop frames	Frames/image files that cannot be read from or written to a storage device during a real-time operation have to be dropped i.e
data line[s]	Generic term for coded pulse sequence inserted in one or more lines of the vertical blanking interval for data transmission, not necessary related with TV broadcasting, e.g
steps	A test signal to measure non-linearity
keykode	A system of latent edge numbers developed by Eastman Kodak
share of audience	Usually refers to TV audiences, indicating the extent of the viewing public watching a particular channel or programme.
analog to digital converter	In a narrow sense: A device (usually, a micro-chip) which transforms a signal from analog form to digital form
horizontal scanning	Scanning producing TV lines, i
camcorder	Combination of camera and video tape recorder in one device
mt. fuji	See SFF 8090.
peak-to-peak	The amplitude (voltage) difference between the most positive and the most negative excursions (peaks) of an electrical signal.
flag	A metal flap used near a lens to keep lights from shining directly into the lens and causing lens flare.
8mm	A compact consumer videocassette record/playback tape format utilizing eight millimeter wide magnetic tape
long throw lens	A lens designed for projection from the back of a room
isbn	International Standard Book Number.
aspect ratio	Ratio between height and width of picture.
ip	An acronym for "Internet Protocol"
black level	1
frame datum	A reference time moment given by the Line Datum coincident with the beginning of the first equalizing pulse (525 lines standard) or with the beginning of the first broad pulse in the vertical sync group (625 lines standard)
picture-in-picture	A special effects procedure in which two video images are combined, scaling or cropping one image so that it is less than full-screen size and then placing the smaller image within the frame of the larger image.
circular zone plate	A Zone Plate pattern (circular or elliptic) with lowest spatial frequency in the center and uniform rise of spatial frequency along any radius, so that the spatial frequency is directly proportional to the distance from the center.
diagonal screen	One corner of a screen to the opposite corner
deterministic	A process or model whose outcome does not depend upon chance, and where a given input will always produce the same output
twitter	A platform that allows users to share 140-character-long messages publicly
alpha channel	Additional channel that saves the relative transparency value additionally to the color information
dac	1
master	A control uniformly governing the outputs of a number of other controls.
multicasting	Generally, multicasting refers to propagation from one source to only a subset of potential destinations
tip-in	An insert or single sheet fastened by a hinge instead of a wraparound in a bound book or periodical; a page fastened in a book, periodical, or brochure by a thin strip of paste on the inside edge of the separately produced page.
palette	A table of colors that identifies a subset from a larger range of colors
patch panel	A manual method of routing signals using a panel of receptacles for sources and destinations and wire jumpers to interconnect them.
dct	Discrete cosine transform
xa	See CD-ROM XA.
.xej	The file name extension of an Microsoft Expression Encoder job file that is an XML file that contains all the settings, or presets, that you applied to each media file in the job, and also pointers to those original media files.
truncation	The shortening of a digital word, wherein data belonging to the least-significant bits is lost.
genlock	A mode of Synchronization in which a device is made to synchronize with an incoming reference signal provided by another device, e
pixel	The smallest unit of colour in a display
bitstream	A collection of data, as in video or audio data compressed to a file or transmitted between devices.
crawl	- To scroll a line of title text sideways, left or right across the screen
unit audit	An audited report attesting to the accuracy and validity of the number of units, plants or establishments a ublication is serving.
bit rate reduction	The processing of sampled digital signals in order to reduce their bit-rate (the number of bits per second) so that they may pass through a lower bit-rate capacity channel
opaque	Regions of a superimposed image that are solid (not transparent), and therefore cover over the underlying image
relief mapping	A computer graphic term where an input image is used to alter the shape of a surface onto which it is mapped
marker	A text string that is associated with a designated time in Windows Media–based content
roll-off	The gradual reduction of frequencies above or below a certain point
remote diagnostic	To diagnose a system by remote, e.g
analog active part	See: Active Part.
key mask	A Key modifier that allows an operator to keep portions of the foreground video from actually being keyed at the mixer output
burst flag	Pulse signals for Horizontal scanning frequency used to extract from the colour subcarrier wave a continuous wave which has an established phase relationship with colour signals for transmission.
ci	CI, or "Common Interface" describes an interface for DVB receiving devices (e.g
ultimatte	A patented process and device which cleanly keys one element (usually live action) over a background
video on demand	Literally „television on demand "
talent	A term used to refer to all on-camera human subjects in a video production, regardless if they have any or not.
key clip	A control used to set the threshold for the luma-key circuits
broadband	Having an essentially uniform response over a wide range of frequencies.
subtitle	- A text overlay on video materials, typically used to display the audio dialog in various languages, or to transcribe hard-to-understand speech.
lvd	LVD is an acronym for Low Voltage Differential
bloom	A loss of picture detail and increase in size of bright portions of a video picture seen when too much light is allowed to strike a pickup tube or when the signals controlling a tube allow it to be overdriven.
dynamic range compression	A technique of reducing the range between loud and soft sounds in order to make dialogue more audible, especially when listening at low volume levels
matte key	A key where the hole is filled with the output of a Matte Generator.
huffman coding	A lossless compression technique of assigning variable-length codes to a known set of values
vip	The product name for Evertz Video-Image Processor modules
forced display	A DVD feature that forces the display of a sub-picture irregardless of the wishes of the user.
buffer	A circuit or component which isolates one electrical circuit from another.
de-embedding	The process of extracting an embedded signal from an input stream to generate two separate signals, perhaps with different standards
ram	Random Access Memory is computer storage whose contents can be accessed in any order
cd-r	The write-once compact disc format sometimes referred to as Compact Disc-Write Once (CD-WO)
publisher	The company that publishes your book.
authority/authority file	A file or set of terms extrinsic to records describing objects or documents
keystone	The effect of projecting an image onto a surface that is not perpendicular to the axis of the projecting lens
vertical interval	The period of time between the last line of a field and the first line of the next field.
multiplexing	Combining multiple signals or data streams into a single signal or stream
tbc	Abbreviation for Time Base Corrector.
smpte rp 210	The SMPTE metadata dictionary � an organised and indexed list of parameters and their data types.
vga	Video Graphics Array
blanking	Period during picture while scanning spot returns to top of screen.
hyperstereo	Using widely spaced cameras (e.g
time lapse	In time lapse a shot or sequence is sped up so everything seems to be moving faster than in real life
mosaic	Special effect in which the picture is divided up into tiles.
emulation	A digital preservation strategy that uses current software to simulate original or obsolete computer environments
segue	the act of changing smoothly from one state or situation to another
lut	An acronym for "Look-Up Table"
yellow book	The document produced in 1985 by Sony and Philips that extended the Red Book compact disc format to include digital data for use by a computer
cd-rom xa	CD-ROM extended architecture
black and white	Colloquial term used to refer to being 'not colored', e
metalizing	A process in which a thin layer of aluminum is deposited on a clear plastic disc after it has been injection molded
chapter	In DVD-Video, a division of a title
fixed focal length lens	A lens with a pre-determined fixed focal length, normally has a focusing control and a choice of iris functions.
phot	A photometric light unit for very strong illumination levels
raster	In simplest terms, an image composed of discrete pixels
dts-es	A version of DTS decoding that is compatible with 6.1-channel Dolby Surround EX
vd	Sync pulse with leading edge marking the start of Vertical Blanking Interval
workstation	A high-end, specialized computer system intended for use by engineers or imaging professionals.
fiber optic	Fiber optic technology uses glass (or plastic) threads (fibers) to transmit data
buffer underrun	A buffer underrun occurs when the system cannot keep up a steady stream of data as required by CD recording
head gap	The space between the poles of a head
mode	There are two recording modes for compact discs; Mode 1 and Mode 2.
pict	- The standard Apple Macintosh still image Picture file format.
official organ	Periodical owned by an association or group which is organized for other purposes than publishing the periodical and which makes the periodical its appointed mouthpiece.
production standard	Scanning Standard or TV System predominantly used for the production of TV programs in a given area, e
real time counter	Any display showing tape length recorded (elapsed time) or remaining in an hours-minutes-seconds format.
dcc	Digital compact cassette
glitch	A form of low frequency interference, appearing as a narrow horizontal bar moving vertically across the picture.
aspect ratio	Aspect ratio refers to the relationship or ratio between the width of the image and the height of the image
open source	A technique for writing software in which original authors make source code freely available for modification and improvement by any programmer who wishes to collaborate on the project
birefringence	An optical phenomenon where light is transmitted at slightly different speeds depending on the angle of incidence
centerd sweep	A variant of Line Sweep with the highest or lowest frequency in the center of TV line (effectively a double sweep), hence the small variations of the frequency response at this central point are more visible.
bearding	A type of video distortion that appears as black lines extending to the right of bright objects.
nab spool	A 26.6cm diameter tape spool with a large central hole.
pan	To swivel a camera about a fixed axis.
bridge	A type of network circuit used to match circuits to each other, ensuring minimum transmission impairment.
dolly	(v.) A forward/backward rolling movement of the camera on top of the tripod dolly.
super card	See Camera card.
motion detection	Operation of video signal processing aimed to produce an output indicating the pixels or groups of pixels which belong to moving objects as opposed to static portions of the picture.
roll	A term borrowed from aeronautics to describe the effective static rotation of the aircraft about an imaginary horizontal pin in line with to the direction of motion
b-roll	Stock footage acquired for miscellaneous needs.
twg	Technical Working Group
digital video disk	The digital data storage system using 120 mm optical disk
pal	Phase Alternation Line
active image	Active Parts of all Active Lines of the Frame.
nit	A photometric unit for measuring luminace
f number	Camera iris calibration obtained by dividing the focal length by the effective iris diameter.
image trail-freeze	A digital video effect where fast moving objects appear to remain on screen as a sort of permanent Multi-Grab
colour bars	Specific strips of colour used to test image quality.
aliasing	Defects or distortion in a video image, commonly seen as jagged edges on diagonal lines and twinkling or brightening (beating) in picture detail.
donut	A term for an animation that has a start, a middle (the hole), and an end
superimposition	The adding or mixing of two video signals to produce and image with two or more pictures visible simultaneously
petabyte	250 bytes which is about 1015 bytes, or 1 billion Megabytes, or 20 million four-drawer filing cabinets full of text.
set dressing	The set dresser is responsible for the details in the set design and decorative materials.
two-pass encoding	An encoding method in which content is analyzed in one pass through the encoder, after which compression is applied in the second pass.
rgb	Video information in the form of red, green, and blue tristimulus values
application programing interface	An API is a documented interface that allows one software application to to interact with another application
gigabyte	Unit for the amount of memory of DVD or harddisk recorders
mini jack	3.5mm jack plug and socket system.
transcode	The process of converting a media file or object from one format to another
fill light	Light used to fill in shadows left by key light and keep the contrast range of a scene within the capabilities of the recording medium.
data area	In ISO 9660, the space on a CD-ROM where the user data is written
motion compensation	In video decoding, the application of motion vectors to already-decoded blocks to construct a new picture.
focus puller	The focus puller adjusts the focus of the lense before and during a shot
video distribution amplifier	Device for the amplification and distribution of one video signal to several destinations, sometimes combined with a cable equalizer.
seg	Device designed to generate special effects
modulation	Replacing patterns of bits with different (usually larger) patterns designed to control the characteristics of the data signal
scanning standard	Set of parameters defining the scanning, blanking and synchronization processes
answer print	The first film print combining picture and sound in release form offered by the film processing laboratory to the producer for acceptance.
g	Giga
auto-phasing	A Vision Mixer with auto-phasing has the ability to compensate for timing differences between its input signals so that it can perform Transitions free of shifts
flip-flop bus	A mixer-switcher bus configuration where the video selected on one bus of the mixer is immediately transferred to the other bus at the completion of a transition
degausser	Device for reducing residual magnetism.
dsp	Digital signal processor (or processing).
font	A single uniform style of alphanumeric characters, also referred to as a type face.
gop	Group of pictures
4:1:1	The component digital video format with one Cb sample and one Cr sample for every four Y samples
picture element	The smallest area of TV picture defined by TV standard; usually refers to discrete value on a sampling grid; a color pixel is a triplet of values representing either red, green and blue intensity, or luminance and two color-difference intensity values.
total paid	Total of all classes of a publication's distribution for which the purchasers have paid in accordance with the standards set by the rules.
photo-effect	Also known as Photoelectric-effect
artifact	A defect or distortion of the image, introduced along the sequence from origination and image capture to final display
sine x/x	Test signal in a form of section cut from the sin(x)/x wave (the sin(x)/x waveform itself is, in theory, infinitely wide), where x is a scaled time co-ordinate
bep	The Banana Exchange Protocol - a bogus acronym to see if anyone reads all of the entries in the book.
gate-fold	A 4-page sheet, creased and folded approximately half-way of its width so as to bind one end and to open (like a gate) to double-page size, avoiding the loss of space in the gutter of a two page spread.
low band	Recording in which the luminance FM deviation is from 3.8 to 5.4 MHZ and the colour under frequency is 685 KHZ.
versioning	Also known as "Version Control" and "Revision Control"
i-frame	Intra-frame.
mirror site	A server which contains a duplicate of another WWW or FTP site
mxf	An acronym for "Material Exchange Format"
internegative	A duplicating film stock that turns into negative when printed from a positive print
triple re-entry mixer	A Vision Mixer with three Mix Effects buses, any one of which can be used as an input to the others
net art	A synonym for Internet art.
synopsis	A synopsis summarizes the content of a film or commercial in a few sentences.
sdds	Sony Dynamic Digital Sound
stamping	The process of replicating optical discs by injecting liquid plastic into a mold containing a stamper (father or son)
capture rate	A term used to describe the number of times/second that a picture is taken or captured in an imaging system
luminance [signal]	Signal carrying the information about the brightness of TV picture
unpaid distribution	A term used in the ABC report; reported by averages for the six-month period covered by that report
jitter	The variation in timing and/or displacement upon transmission or arrival of digital signal
frame	Video systems work like film projectors: they show still pictures in rapid succession; if the frame rate is high enough, the small differences between each frame trick the mind into thinking it is seeing motion
.ts	See transport stream format.
aliasing	See: Alias.
public relations	A variety of skills and tactics developed to create favorable opinion for a person, event, or product that ultimately supports the firm's bottom line
iso 9660	An international standard defining the file and directory structures for CD-ROM
surround sound	Any multichannel audio system designed to provide both front and rear sound sources in addition to left and right channels
content protection	Cryptographic and design techniques used to limit how data flows within a receiving device and between devices
birger mount	A Birger Mount is an intelligent mount that is able to influence the motors for focus and exposure in Canon lenses
array	When storing information on multiple devices of data storage, it is defined as an array.
dsp	Digital Signal Processor
production music	Musical selections created specifically for use in audio and video programs. When a customer buys production music, they also buy copyright permissions not granted with standard music purchases, thus averting copyright violations.
mux	Short for multiplex.
underwater housing	For work in or under water the Red One can be put into a special, absolutely waterproof housing.
pip	Picture in picture
eight-pin	A common rectangular connector generally used between television monitors and videotape recorders combining all of the cable connections necessary for record and playback functions into a single connector.
in-lay	Keying mode when a key signal of the mixer (for instance a diamond shaped wipe pattern) comes from a source other than the video that will eventually fill the hole
dolby®	A compression/expansion (companding) noise reduction system developed by Ray Dolby, widely used in consumer, professional and broadcast audio applications
principal point	An optical term which refers to one of the two points that each lens has along the optical axis
legal color	A color with R, G, B values each of which must lay within the range from Reference Black to Reference White
ip address	A string of four numbers separated by periods (such as 111.22.3.444) used to represent a computer on the Internet
uncompressed	Uncompressing (or decompressing) is the act of expanding a compression file back into its original form
screen	The unit of measurement for fineness of a halftone according to the number of cross-ruled lines to an inch; 50-65 screen, coarse, for newspaper reproduction; 120-133 screen, fine, for periodicals.
roll out	An advertising technique where advertising is expanded to cover more and more markets as distribution/ product sales are also expanded.
xhtml	An XML compliant variant of HTML.
title window	- A window used to lay out and design title text and graphics.
ebu	The European Broadcasting Union.
bitstream	The sequence of 1s and 0s passed among computers and input/output devices, typically containing a text message or audiovisual content.
ce	CE is an acronym for Conformite Europeenne
lpcm	See linear PCM.
display rate	The number of times per second the image in a video system is refreshed
e-ide	Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics
dub	- To duplicate or make a copy of a production, traditionally from one tape (usually a master tape) to another tape.
aspect ratio	The ratio of the width of an object to its height, usually expressed as two numbers separated by a colon, e.g
gnd	Ground (electrical)
fv	Number of [TV] fields transmitted per second.
blanking level	The signal level transmitted during the blanking interval
residuals	Fees paid to performers and other creative talent for subsequent exposures of their filmed or video programs or commercials.
jcic	Joint Committee on Intersociety Coordination.
ccve	Stands for Closed Circuit Video Equipment, an alternative acronym for CCTV
pal	Phase Alternation by Line
pal	Acronym for Phase Alternation Line
set designer	Designs, plans and organizes the construction of sets.
rpm	Revolutions per minute
codec	A compression/ decompression (sometimes coder/decoder) algorithm or scheme that reduces the volume of bits necessary to store a data object such as an image file (compression) but that allows the reconstruction of the compressed data into a usable format for display, processing, etc
led	Light Emitting Diode
interleave	To arrange data in alternating chunks so that selected parts can be extracted while other parts are skipped over, or so that each chunk carries a piece of a different data stream.
60 fields/second	The field rate of SMPTE HDEP standard.
videotape	A thin strip of plastic material containing metal particles that are capable of recording and storing a magnetic charge.
7.1	Delivers seven audio channels and one Low-frequency Effect (LFE) channel from an 8 channel source.
workflow	Workflow is the operational aspect of a work procedure
time datum	A reference time moment at the mid-level crossing point of the leading edge of the line sync pulse
gps	Global Positioning System
nighttime mode	Name for Dolby Digital dynamic range compression feature to allow low-volume nighttime listening without losing legibility of dialog.
moiré	Artifact of TV picture in the form of a wavy unwanted pattern, a simple example of which is observed by holding one comb behind another
frequency	The rate of repetition of an electrical or audio signal, expressed in Hertz (cycles per second).
field sag	Tilt measured across the top of the bar in a horizontal Bar test signal
picture sharpness	The fine details in a video picture
spg	Synchronising Pulse Generator used to produce master timings for studios.
global conditionals	Variables in a software program that represent the overall state of the system and can be used to modify it.
double re-entry mixer	A Vision Mixer with two Mix Effects buses, where the output of one can be fed into the other (re-entered) as a separate input
renewals	A subscription which has been renewed prior to or at expiration or within six months
ccir	International Radio Consultative Committee
sid	Part of internationally accepted Data Line similar to IDS.
line scanning	Scanning producing TV lines, i
ripple effect	A class of digital video effects involving where the picture is modulated in the horizontal or vertical axes in a variety of ways
convex lens	A convex lens has a positive focal length, ie
marketing	Encouraging people to buy a product or service.
standard-definition image	720 X 470
pal	- Acronym for Phase Alternation Line
gop	See group of pictures (GOP).
mixer	An electronic device for combining the outputs of several sound sources, with separate control over the volume or quality of each.
inverse color bars	Color bars with inverted sequence of colors: Black/Blue/Red/Magenta/Green/Cyan/Yellow/White.
loop	To repeat a stream continuously.
keyframe	A single event in a motion path
lcd	Liquid crystal displays are the most published variant of flat TV`s
fresnel	A special light-weight lens used in focusing beams of light
video clip	In a non-linear editing environment, a clip indicates data of either video or audio that has been clipped out (copied) from a larger environment such as a reel or a video tape
dolly	A wheeled device attached to a tripod to allow smooth movement of a camera.
16x9	A wide-screen format in which the aspect-ratio of the screen is 16 units wide by 9 units high as opposed to the 4X3 of normal television.
tcp	Transmission Control Protocol - An acknowledged protocol which uses the IP protocol to establish point to point communications.
back porch switching	See: Vertical Interval Switching
hanc	Horizontal Ancillary Data
pan-and-zoom	A technique for creating moving video from high-resolution still images by varying the magnification at which the image is displayed and/or changing the area of the image which fills the screen.
dolly	Any apparatus upon which a camera can be mounted, which can be moved around smoothly.
matte reel	A separate reel of video tape that supplies a white on black image to be used as a key signal.
ieee-1394	The standard for a digital connection or bus used to transfer data between two independent systems
image contrast	Ratio of maximal brightness to the minimal brightness of the TV picture.
dlt	Digital linear tape
sdi check field	A full field digital test signal consisting of two parts - the upper half of the field is non-fully saturated magenta (C=300h, Y=198h) and serves to test equalizer operation, the bottom half is grey (C=200h, Y=110h) )and serves to test phase locked loop.
alphanumeric video generator	Also known as 'Text inserted'
negative effect	Special effect in which either blacks and whites are reversed or colors are inverted
aberration	Term used in optics
bit depth	(See WORD LENGTH)
high band	Recording in which the luminance FM deviation is from 4.8 to 6.4 Mhz and the colour under frequency is 924 Khz.
oirt	French acronym for International Radio and Television Organization
oersted	A unit of magnetic field strength.
mpeg-7	A metadata standard that provides a set of standardized tools to describe multimedia content
cookies	Small files that are downloaded to your computer when you browse certain web pages
secam	Séquential couleur avec mémoire/sequential color with memory
source	Audio and video content that can be captured and encoded from devices installed on your computer or from a file.
qcif	Quarter common intermediate format
half d1	MPEG-2 picture resolution of 352 x 480 (NTSC) or 352 x 576 (PAL/SECAM)
betacam color bars	Historically these bars followed early Betacam signal levels, giving rise to 75 % Color Bars in YPrPb format with PrPb gain boosted by a factor of 1.333
epg	Electronic program guide
xds	(line 21)
rack unit	A rack unit or U (less commonly, RU) is a unit of measure used to describe the height of equipment intended for mounting in a 19-inch rack or a 23-inch rack (the dimension referring to the width of the rack).
if-band	A frequency band with two frequencies: 70MHz and 140MHz
ac-3	The former name of the Dolby Digital audio-coding system, which is still technically referred to as AC-3 in standards documents
mcr	Area in the TV center dedicated to routing and switching functions.
cd rom	Compact disk with digital data used with a computer as "read-only memory."
crawl	To scroll a line of title text sideways, left or right across the screen
pci	PCI Local Bus (usually shortened to PCI), or Conventional PCI, specifies a computer bus for attaching peripheral devices to a computer motherboard.
adpcm	Adaptive differential pulse code modulation
rom	Read-only memory.
indexing	Creation of a data index to speed up search and retrieval on CD media.
activity detection	Also known as Motion Detection
protocol	A set of syntax rules defining the exchange of data.
attenuate	- To reduce audio strength or volume.
multi-level chroma bar	Test signal in a form of color subcarrier modulated by staircase signal i.e
server	A computer terminal dedicated to serving stored data to other computers connected to a network
cd-da	Compact disc digital audio
near-line	Intermediate type of data storage, i.e
secam	SEquential Coluleur A'Memorie
sampling structure	Two or three-dimensional pattern formed by the sampling points, e
trs	Timing Reference Signal, usually in form of digital data
line frequency	Number of [TV] lines transmitted per second.
ligature	In writing and typography, a ligature occurs where two or more graphemes (fundamental unit in a written language) are joined as a single Glyph.
key channel	Also called "Alpha Channel"
5c	The five-company entity: IBM, Intel, Matsushita, Toshiba, Sony.
burst	A burst of chrominance signal with a phase defined by the TV system specifications, inserted in the line blanking intervals to provide the reference for Subcarrier Synchronization.
super	Short hand slang for superimposition; to put one thing over another
secam switch	Sync pulse with period of two lines, the rising edge of which marks the start of a line with positive polarity of V component in PAL chrominance signal or the start of a Dr line in Dr/Db sequence in SECAM chrominance signal.
pitch	A pitch is a competition by production companies for a job
media conversion	The process of converting data from one type of media to another for premastering and mastering
balanced line	A cable carrying two equal signals of opposite polarity on separate conductors, both surrounded by a grounded shield.
main level	A range of proscribed picture parameters defined by the MPEG-2 video standard, with maximum resolution equivalent to ITU-R BT.601 (720 x 576 x 30)
scrambling	Pay TV programs as well as some free cable tv offers will be broadcasted encoded
ecd	Error-detection and correction code
rom	See ROM image.
coercivity	Measures the force required to erase a video tape that has been recorded to the maximum possible level
external synchronisation	A means of ensuring that all equipment is synchronised to the one source.
track	1) A distinct element of audiovisual information, such as the picture, a sound track for a specific language, or the like
unique selling proposition: usp	The unique selling proposition of a product is an attribute that distinguishes it from its competitors
nonlinearity	The amount by which a measured video signal output differs from a standard video signal output
hygroscopic	Said of a material which has a tendency to absorb water
bipolar sync	Synchronization signal containing adjacent pulses of opposite polarities
noise reducer	A device for improving signal to noise ratio by sophisticated filtering
display [device]	Device for transformation of electrical signals into variations of color or brightness in a viewable image.
cro	Stands for Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (see Oscilloscope)
edge numbers	Sequential numbers printed along the edge of a film strip by the manufacturer which allow frames to be easily identified either by human or machine.
hold	An interpolation setting that maintains settings from one key frame until the next key frame and uses only one frame to jump to the next setting.
timestamp	A snapshot in time used as a label
miniaturization	Confusing visual cues in a stereoscopic scene that can make an object appear to be the ‘wrong' size i.e
preview bus	A processor function allowing the operator to select any incoming video source for viewing prior to actual use
field drive	Sync pulse with leading edge marking the start of Vertical Blanking Interval
tail	See "Head and Tail".
resolution	The sharpness of the picture
entropy coding	Variable-length, lossless coding of a digital signal to reduce redundancy
crt	An acronym for "Cathode Ray Tube"
mechanical	Assembly (paste-up) of the elements of an ad on layout paper or board to indicate position and size from reproduction.
amplitude	The maximum value of a varying wave form.
d2- d1 bridge	Professional jargon nickname for a device converting video signals from 4fsc digital composite format to digital component 4:2:2 format.
p-channel	One of the CD subcode channels
software	Computer programs held in the storage of a computer for some application
rgba	RGBA stands for Red Green Blue Alpha
original footage	Exposed film material, or camera tapes or drives that have been recorded on.
premium	A free gift given away with a purchase as a promotional offer.
drop-out [control] pulse	A signal input to a drop-out compensator which causes the drop-out compensation to be performed for the entire duration of the pulse
phthalocyanine	An organic dye used to form the data layer in some CD-R discs
orthostereoscopic	A one-to-one condition where what is being displayed is the same as the ‘real world'
interlace	System of making up a complete TV picture by scanning half of the total number of lines making up the frame in one pass of the electron beam, followed by a scan of the missing interleaving lines to complete the field.
freelancer	Writer who sells writing services and is not under regular contract to any one publication
keystoning	The result arising when the film plane in a camera or projector is not parallel to the view or screen, leading to a trapeze shape
photopic vision	The range of light intensities, from 10^5 down to nearly 10^-2 lux, detectable by the human eye.
constant bit rate	A characteristic of a data stream in which the bit rate remains nearly uniform for the duration of the stream.
ntsc	National Television System Committee, an American committee which set the standards for colour television as used today in USA, Canada, Japan and a few other countries.
625/50	The scanning system of 625 lines per frame and 50 interlaced fields (25 frames) per second
vertical timing	Relative timing (in discrete lines) of two sets of vertical sync pulses held in synchronizm
rs 232	Serial communication standard used mainly by computers.
mixed [composite] sync	Signal carrying information about frequencies and phases of the horizontal and vertical scanning
trimming	This process involves removing parts of a clip that you do not want in your project without deleting them from the original source material
track-at-once	Mode of writing that allows a session to be written in a number of discrete write events called tracks
aes	Audio Engineering Society (AES)
brightness	Defined by the CIE as the attribute of a visual sensation according to which area appears to emit more or less light
adat	An 8-channel digital audio tape recorder format utilizing S-VHS videocassettes, developed by Alesis.
depth of field	The range of distances in front of the lens in which objects appear to be in acceptable focus.
palplus	Enhanced widescreen letterboxed TV system compatible with conventional PAL system using the 'Motion Adaptive Color Plus' technology to reduce cross-effects plus a special Helper Signal to recover full vertical luminance resolution.
sustained data rate	Sustained data rates are the average of data rates measured over a longer period
still frame	Continuous reproduction of a stationary helical scan video tape.
optical viewfinder	A camera viewfinder which has no electronics and therefore cannot reflect the actual picture being transmitted from the camera
havi	A consumer electronics industry standard for interoperability between digital audio and video devices connected via a network in the consumer's home.
microphone preamplifier	A microphone is a device which converts sound waves to electrical impulses (transducer)
panscan	Aspect ratio down conversion with full vertical screen occupation and on-line control of horizontal centring.
asa	American Standards Association
kerning	The spacing between adjacent characters in a text string, as in a title.
reflexion	Reflection
audio video interleaved	A multimedia file format for storing sound and moving pictures.
led	Light-emitting-diode.
ftp	A method for uploading files to and downloading files from Web sites and other computers connected to the Internet
digital bus	A set of (normally parallel) digital interconnections between modules, electronic chips or circuit boards.
link	A highlighted word or picture within a hypertext document that when clicked bring you to another place within the document or to another document altogether
windows media audio codec	A codec used to compress and decompress audio streams.
horizontal blank	Time interval during which horizontal blanking is applied
transform	The process or result of replacing a set of values with another set of values
trimming	This process involves removing parts of a clip that you don't want in your project without deleting them from the original source material
ccu	Camera Control Unit
audio effects palette	A small floating window along the right side of the Premiere workspace that lists the available audio effects, grouped by type
vits	Vertical interval test signal.
attenuate	To reduce audio strength or volume.
dbs	Digital broadcast satellite
chroma-key	Studio technique combining two video images by replacing a given chroma level from one image with the content of the other content.
byte	A digital word made of eight bits(zeros and ones).
ega	EGA is an image which displays 640 pixels by 350 lines with 16 colors from a palette of 64 colors.
digital audio frame	Packet of data, containing quantized value of one sample of audio signal and related auxiliary data
dsk	Keying in a vision mixer that electronically appears after all other operator functions
container	The enclosure that contains a reel or cassette of tape
bandwidth	The frequency range of a particular transmission method
resolution	The dimensions of an image, in pixels, typically expressed as the number of horizontal pixels across and the number of vertical pixels down
book e	The document specifying the rewritable DVD format (DVD-RAM)
rs-485	A "party-line" serial data standard with up to 32 transmitters and receivers
bbc [color] bars	Color Bars with the nomenclature 100/0/100/25 in 625/50/2:1 scanning standard.
focus	To cause a sharp image from a lens to be projected onto the focal plane (in the case of a camera) or onto a screen (in the case of a projector)
shot log	A list of comments about a shot piece of material
microsoft windows	The leading operating system for Intel CPU-based computers
shutter speed	A shutter electronically controls the amount of time that light passing through a lens exposes onto the CCD
short rate	The cost difference between the discounted contract rate and the higher rate actually earned by an advertiser if he fails to fulfill the contracted amount of advertising.
mpeg	MPEG stands for Moving Picture Experts Group and is a group of standards used for coding audio-visual information (e.g
compression	The process of removing redundancies in digital data to reduce the amount that must be stored or transmitted
aperture	In general: The smallest elementary Spatio-Temporal area addressable by the process of Scanning with application to filtering: The configuration and weights of taps defining the filter function in Spatio-Temporal domain.
digital-s	JVC's tradename for digital compressed video tape recording format using 20-micron tracks on 13 mm tape
macroblocking	An MPEG artifact
harddisc-recorder	Please quod vide for"harddisk recorder".
colorization	Special effect (also called paint) which colors a monochrome or color image with artificial colors.
baseband	General term describing the wide bandwidth covering the range from several Hz to several MHz; as opposed to the RF band which does not include low frequency components.
drop-frame time code	SMPTE time code format that continuously counts 30 frames per second but drops 2 frames from the count every minute except for every tenth minute (drops 108 frames every hour) to maintain synchronization of time code with clock time
me	The part of a vision mixer or digital video effects device where video signals from several sources are combined to create Mixes, Fades, Keys, etc.
browser	An application used to view and navigate the World Wide Web and other Internet resources.
s-vhs	Super VHS format of video recording
sparklies	A term describing the specific form of Impulse Noise in video signals typical of marginal satellite reception
software-for-hardware	A type of emulation that simulates a program's native hardware environment on a machine that it was never intended to run on
incident light	Light striking a subject, as opposed to light reflected by a subject
soundbar	Separate loudspeaker system for TVs
iris	Device for reducing light intensity, typically in the camera.
moire pattern	An unwanted effect that appears in the video picture when a high frequency pattern is looked at with a CCD camera that has a pixel pattern close(but lower) to the object pattern.
opposite path	See OTP.
television line	Commonly used measure of spatial frequency of periodic pattern in a TV picture expressed as a ratio of picture height to the half period of the pattern
half-page island position	Preferred position (not always sold) for advertisement with no other advertisement adjacent on other half of page; often no other ad on same page; on 3-column page usually 2 columns wide and three-fourths of page in depth.
fade	A possible transition between two shots - the first shot slowly fades into the next one, and for some time both pictures can be seen on top of each other before the first shot disappears completely.
h.264	Standard method for the highly-efficient compression of video signals, also known as MPEG-4 AVC.
pal	Phase Alteration Line
itu	International Telecommunication Union
scsi termination	A metal cap that plugs into any open SCSI port on a SCSI bus line
rom	Read Only Memory
eng	Electronic News Gathering.
chroma level	A reference to amount of color saturation; high level chroma that produces pastel, washed out color; low level chroma produces heavy, saturated colors
windowing	Interlayer slippage or magnetic tape in roll form, resulting in bucking of some strands of tape
eia	Electronics Industry Association
subwoofer	Special loudspeaker for reproducing low-frequency "bass" sound waves
active lines	The lines of the TV frame carrying picture information, i.e
downconversion	Standards conversion where the Line Rate of the output standard is significantly lower that of the input standard, e
finishing	The complete process after fine-tuning the cutting and applying primary color corrections, such as applying secondary color corrections and titlings.
negative	A digital video effect that inverts the image RGB levels (effectively by subtracting them from Reference White level) so that it appears as photographic film negative
tv line	Commonly used measure of spatial frequency of periodic pattern in a TV picture expressed as a ratio of picture height to the half period of the pattern
video8	The 8mm name attempted to cash in on the popular home movie film used by consumers over the previous 40 years
autodetection	Autodetection is a function of the DVS CLIPSTER/Pronto video systems that allows the operator to automatically detect and set the video format and raster of the incoming video signal, for example, for a capturing
off camera	Out of the boundaries of the camera’s field of vision (although a performer’s presence may be indicated by the context of the scene or their presence in dialogue).
lambert	Lambert-ian source or surface
color references	A color composite, slide, Cibachrome, Chromalith, video tape, or other reasonable reference as to the correct color of a logo
dyndns or ddns	Dynamic Domain Name Server entry: Network service which stores and updates its clients' IP addresses in a database.
space	The reflective area of a writable optical disc
scanning	Periodic movement of the Aperture during TV analysis or synthesis in accordance with a defined specification, e.g
quantize	To convert a value or range of values into a smaller value or smaller range by integer division
chrominance	The color information of a color video signal.
bdi	A measure of the strength of a brand's sales in a particular geographic area indexed to the national sales average.
frequency	The number of repetitions of a phenomenon in a given amount of time
multi-image	Digital video effect where the displayed picture contains several different input images reduced in size and positioned side by side.
metadata	Data that is embedded in a file that lists specific information about the file such as title, subject, author, and file size.
condenser microphone	A microphone using a power supply (usually a battery) to maintain a charge across two plates which modulate a voltage when the distance between them changes.
group delay	Common measure of phase response given by the derivative of phase vs
edh	Error Detection and Handling
dvd-audio	The audio-only format of DVD
cable tv	A television system by which a single, with antenna or satellite dish receives signals from distant stations and transmits those signals by direct cable to the persons subscribing to the system
genre fiction	A blanket term that refers to books with certain familiar settings and plot conventions
relative humidity	The amount of water in the air relative to the maximum amount of water that the air can hold at a given temperature.
phone jack	An audio connector generally used with unbalanced lines and intercom systems
universal dvd	A DVD designed to play in DVD-Audio and DVD-Video players (by carrying a Dolby Digital audio track in the DVD-Video zone).
dhtml	A new version of HTML, developed by Netscape and expanded by the W3C (the World Wide Web Consortium)
digital video broadcast	MPEG-2-based digital television standard that defines formats for cable, satellite, and terrestrial broadcast.
ambient sound	Unintelligible background noise found in and generally unique to an audio environment.
din	Deutsche Industrie-Normen
hertz	A unit that measures the number of certain oscillations per second.
tv analysis	The process of sequential [in time] transformation of the color or brightness of image elements into electrical signal[s].
bitmap	An image made of a two-dimensional grid of pixels
dc	Direct Current
pixel	A single section of a charge-coupled device capable of distinguishing chromanance (color) and luminance (brightness); professional slang for picture element.
external diegetic sound	Sound which comes from out of frame, but is understood as belonging within the story space (unlike incidental music, which is extra-diegetic).
video printer	A device for converting a video signal to a hard copy printout
word clock	The timing signal that is used in a multidevice digital audio system to synchronize the sampling frequency at which the system’s component devices operate
realvideo	Compressed video file format commonly used on the Internet.
breakout cable	At hardware (e.g
lumen	Unit of the illumination for example for video projectors
output	Material that a computer generates from its memory for display on a monitor or for transfer to other media, such as paper or magnetic storage such as zip or floppy disks or a CD-ROM.
gain	- Overall audio output volume
hi-8	An improved version of the 8mm tape format capable of recording better picture resolution (definition)
cross-fade	A method of smoothly moving from one video clip or photo to another
de-interlaced	Literally: released from the line interlacing
vertical [blanking] interval	Time interval during which vertical blanking is applied
yellow book	(See CD-ROM)
sdi	See Serial Digital Interface
byte	A multi-digit binary number is called a word
lux	Unit for the intensy of illumination
camera report	The form used to identify what is on each exposed camera roll and any special printing or transfer instructions.
colour carrier	The sub-frequency in a colour video signal(4.43 MHz for PAL) which is modulated with the colour information
ram	An acronym for "Random Access Memory"
error-correction code	Additional information added to data to allow errors to be detected and possibly corrected
general purpose interface	A parallel interconnection scheme that allows remove control of certain functions of a device
demodulation	A method for extracting digital information stored in a specific pattern on a radio frequency (RF) signal.
audio effects palette	- A window that lists the available audio effects, grouped by type
gaffer	The crew member principally responsible for transporting, maintaining, and setting up lighting equipment.
perceptual compression	- A compression technique that takes advantage of knowledge of how humans perceive; that is, by eliminating visual detail that the eye cannot easily see or audio frequencies that the ear cannot easily hear.
key level set	A control used to set the threshold for the luma-key circuits
geometry effects	Digital video effect that transforms the objects geometry, e.g
matte generator	Usually part of vision mixer
unc	See Universal Naming Convention (UNC).
trs-id	Timing Reference Signal Identification: a code word defining the color frame number and possibly line number.
bayonet mount	A lens mount, or electrical connector which engages by means of interlocking fingers and cams and permits attachment with only a relatively small amount of twisting action.
pci	An acronym for "Peripheral Component Interface"
aes31	A proposed AES (Audio Engineering Society) standard for digital audio project interchange.
duplex	A communication system that carries information in both directions is called a duplex system
agc	An acronym for "Automatic Gain Control"
field time distortion	Tilt measured across the top of the bar in a horizontal Bar test signal
spot reel	Originally a quantity of video tape spooled off onto a smaller reel from a larger one
source timecode	Timecode information that is stored directly in the video clip or the individual frames of an image sequence (stored in the file headers)
mhz	An abbreviation for "Megahertz"
patterned matte	Variant of Background filled with some repetitive texture or pattern, e
split field/red	Popular two-part Test Matrix with standard color bars above red field
program stream [mpeg]	A bitstream packaging Elementary Streams together when they belong to one program, with one clock
call sheet	A call sheet provides information about the schedule and locations on each shoot day to cast and crew
crosslinking	A chemical reaction of polymers
cmf	Cutting master format
hdmi	High definition multimedia interface, a digital interface for picture and sound.
hierarchical spatial correlation	Multi-stage form of Block Matching method starting with large blocks to avoid false matches and then subdividing the block sizes to produce a motion vectors more accurately and with higher spatial resolution.
cdi	A measurement of a brand's sales potential using sales of all brands within a category in a specific market indexed to national sales average.
coding	Ink stamping or burning numbers into the edges of work print and work track to mark sync points
migrate	Digital preservation strategy that involves transferring data from a format or standard that is in danger of becoming obsolete to a current format or standard." Other interchangeable (if not precisely synonymous) terms include: converting, copying, refreshing, reformatting, transferring.
photodiode	A type of semiconductor device in which a PN junction diode acts as a photosensor.
bits per pixel	The number of bits used to represent the color or intensity of each pixel in a bitmap
puh	Pickup head
cost per thousand	The cost to reach 1,000 units of audience, households or individuals, for advertising
vertical interval editing	Use of a videotape recorder which is capable of recording and erasing video field by field (has a "flying" erase head) and employs vertical interval switching at the edit point.
luma	Signal carrying the information about the brightness of TV picture
ccd	A CCD is a sensor that creates a video picture by recording light intensity to recognize a video image and then measures the levels of red, green and blue to reproduce a full-color picture
pq subcode	The compact disc format contains a number of subcode areas named with letters from P to W
palette windows	- Small floating windows that provide convenient access to information, options, and commands used in video editing
test signal pedestal	Auxiliary test signal component in the form of a grey level background (e
bin window	- A window used to import and organize folders of source clips.
derivative master	A high-quality 'working' image file that is derived from an archival master image file, then subjected to some form of processing, such as color correction
cctv installation	A CCTV system, or an associated group of systems, together with all necessary hardware, auxiliary lighting, etc., located at the protected site.
mpeg-4	Compression method, H.264 predecessor
complementary color[s]	1
digital-to-analog	The process in which a series of discrete binary integers is converted to a continuous analog signal
nagra	A professional .25-inch audiotape recorder.
digital	An adjective used to describe a method of representing data using binary numbers
latent image	The image retained by a pickup tube after the source of that image is removed
print on demand	Copies of a book printed to order
publication	Newspaper, magazine, or newsletter with information, news, and feature stories, usually produced to be sold or as a service to members of associations or organizations
eco control button	This special button on the AQUOS remote control enables users to activate the ecological features of AQUOS LCD TVs directly, thereby actively saving energy.
aux	See: Auxiliary Bus.
mastering	Technically, refers to the process of creating a glass master from which compact discs will be reproduced in quantity
film chain	An equipment grouping including a dedicated camera, super 8mm and 16mm projectors, dual dissolving 35mm slide projectors, and a special rotating mirror assembly (multiplexer) which transmits the images from one of the projectors to the dedicated camera.
paintbox	Digital graphics generator manufactured by Quantel.
amphenol connector	A threaded connector sometimes used for unbalanced microphone lines.
rs-422	A medium range balanced serial data transmission standard
back porch	Part of the composite video signal within the time interval from the trailing edge of the line sync pulse to the end of the line blanking interval
smpte 309m	The SMPTE standard for the encoding Date and Time Zone information into SMPTE 12M-1 Time code signals
gigabyte	A digital storage capacity equivalent to one-billion bytes.
static resolution	Resolution when there is no movement in the TV picture
transfer rate	The amount of data which is transferred from a CD-ROM to the computer
passing shot	A shot producing a projected image that travels quickly across the screen, either by moving the subject past a stationary camera or by panning the camera past a stationary subject.
firewire	A digital data interface standard that provides a high-speed Plug-and-Play interface for personal computers
regional network	Group of broadcast stations interconnected for carriage of programs of regional interest, usually sports events.
monolithic	A single slice of silicon substrate on which an integrated circuit is built.
package	A collection of Tracks used in MXF
composition	The complete arrangement of a scene by the director
orthogonal sampling	Sampling with orthogonal structure, i
conditional access	A CA-module can upgrade decoding procedures for pay TV in set top boxes.
commission	The amount an agent receives for their services
glycogenesis	the conversion of glucose to glycogen when the glucose in the blood exceeds the demand
rf distribution	The process of supplying an RF signal to several devices simultaneously.
gain	The increase or decrease in the strength of an electronic signal.
transparent	Regions of a superimposed image that are invisible, and therefore show through to the underlying image, as used for logo overlays and blue-screen effects
pos	Point Of Sale: as part of video surveillance operation in the cash desk area, so-called POS data (cash desk data) are integrated into the video picture, to check the procedures at the cash desk by comparing them with the video picture
file	A collection of data stored on a disc, usually in groups of sectors.
bit resolution	The number of bits (four, eight, ten, etc.) determines the resolution of the signal
matte fill key	A key where the hole is filled with the output of a Matte Generator.
megabyte	1,048,576 (220) bytes
tape pack	The structure formed by and comprised solely of tape wound on a hub or spindle; a tape reel consists of a tape pack, the metal, plastic, or glass hub, and flanges.
surround sound	Any multichannel audio system designed to provide both front and rear sound sources (in addition to left and right channels)
radio mic	Transmitter mic or wireless mic
pixel	Short for the mostly obsolete term PIcture (X) ELement
content management system	A CMS will help its users administrating large amounts of content
pci	Presentation control information
resolution	Ability of the picture to resolve fine detail
lip-sync	Lip-sync (short for lip synchronization) is a technical term for matching lip movements with voice
book b	The document specifying the DVD-Video format
ieee-1394	A fast universal digital interface used for transferring any type of digital information
vitc	An acronym for "Vertical Interval Timecode"
cube	A digital effect that causes the displayed image to appear as if it is mapped onto the surfaces of a cube
lux	The amount of light produced by a standard candle at a distance of one meter.
trs-id	Abbreviation for "Timing Reference Signal Identification"
duplication	The reproduction of media
idc	Data line used by Eurovision network to identify program originators and sources.
modem	This popular term is made up of two words: Modulate and Demodulate
window	1
electret	A type of condenser microphone.
chroma subsampling	Reducing color resolution by taking fewer color samples than luminance samples
hot spare	In order to provide reliability in different system configurations, a hot spare can be installed that works as a fail-over mechanism
bit depth	The bit depth is an indication of the color depth that a pixel in a digital image may have
plasma	Technique for hughe flatscreen displays
stereo	Sound received from two separate sources
vlpro	Abbreviation for VistaLINK Pro The name for Evertz Monitoring and control software used to control and monitor many of our 7700 series and 500 series modules
y/c	Other name for „the S-video "signal, with which two separate lines, the information for brightness (Y) and colour (C) will be transferred
depth grading	A post production process where negative and positive parallax convergence and divergence are adjusted
6dof	Six degrees of freedom (6DoF) is used in interactive scenes to move and rotate objects in 3D on a defined grid.
parallax	The difference in view caused by looking at a scene from two slightly different locations.
colorimetry	1
atsc	See Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC).
dvd+rw	An incompatible competitor to the DVD-RW and DVD-RAM format standard, this rewritable DVD is being promoted by Hewlett-Packard, Philips and Sony
composite print	A film print incorporating picture and sound elements on the same strip of film.
trajectory	In general a trajectory is any path between two points although intermediate points should be given to describe complex trajectories
middle area	On a dual-layer OTP disc, the physical area 1.0 mm or wider on both layers, adjacent to the outside of the data area.
database	The most common data-structuring model is 'relational,' where data is organized in related or linked tables that can be accessed or reassembled in many different ways
resolution	Measure of a TV picture's detail
green book	(See CD-I)
ccir rec 569	CCIR Recommendation giving the general definitions for the components of Vertical Interval Test Signals.
shutter speed	The shutter electronically the amount of time that light passing through a lens exposes onto the CCD
registration	The laying down of the rights of ownership, the identity and the condition of an object or group of objects
inserter	A device for providing additional information, normally superimposed on the picture being displayed; this can range from one or two characters to full screen alphanumeric text
horizontal timing	Relative timing of two sets of horizontal sync pulses held in synchronizm
casting	Casting is the process of finding the most suitable actors for a production
contrast	The difference between the brightest and darkest parts of the picture.
locked cut/locked picture	The final version of a show after all the changes have been incorporated.
online	Storage and retrieval system where assets are immediately available for use or directly connected to a network or computer through fixed disk storage.
rs-485	This is an advanced format of digital communications compared to RS-422
apocryphal	Of questionable authorship or authenticity
take [editor]	1
raw stock	Unexposed film or audio tape.
elastic sheet	A particular kind of Warp where the output picture looks as though it were mounted on an 'Elastic Sheet' which may be distorted as stretched and pulled out of shape as required.
dvd-rom	The base format of DVD
vitc	Coded pulse sequences for the purpose of time moment identification, inserted in one or more TV lines (usually in the lines of the vertical blanking interval).
video switcher	A device that allows transmissions between different video pictures
spatial	Relating to space, usually two-dimensional
sample	A single digital measurement of analog information
program chain	In DVD-Video, a collection of programs, or groups of cells, linked together to create a sequential presentation.
field blanking	Field rate Blanking
progressive	A picture-scanning process where all the lines of the image are scanned by every vertical scan.
panel	Term for the inner life of a flatscreen display (one speaks of LCD or plasma panels) and accordingly for the LCD element in a LCD projector.
ecc	A system of scrambling and recording redundant data onto disc as it is premastered
effect	The result of processing audio and video clips to enhance, improve, or distort them
digital video effect [device]	The traditional definition is a device to perform video effects by digital means, either including built-in mixer or connected to external mixer to enhance its artistic features
loop	a brief, repeatable audio segment (usually one or two measures long) used as a building block of a song created using music-creation software. Such a song might include a drum loop, a bass loop, a keyboard loop, and a guitar loop, all of which are combined and repeated to create a song.
twist	A twist is a surprising turn of the storyline towards the end of a tale
line start [moment]	A reference time moment at the mid-level crossing point of the leading edge of the line sync pulse
one-time rate	Advertising charge for a single insertion, or for any amount of space and any number of insertions if the paper has a flat rate; a rate subject to no discounts.
ecma	European Computer Manufacturers Association
ansi	The American National Standards Institute has served in its capacity as administrator and coordinator of the United States private sector voluntary standardization system for 78 years
p2	Sony’s wired professional edit control protocol
readme file	A text file included with an application that contains important (and often last minute) information about installing and using the application.
control-m	Panasonic’s wired consumer edit control protocol
lux	Unit for brightness: solar radiation in summer has a luminous intensity of 120,000 Lux, moonlight (full moon) 500 – 1,000 Lux
sampling frequency	The value inverse to the sampling period (sampling interval)
spg	Device generating synchronization pulses.
stereoscopic window	The amount of Stereo image available to the viewer is dictated by the frame surrounding a stereoscopic image, e.g
dvi	An acronym for "Digital Visual Interface"
gpi	An acronym for "General-Purpose Interface"
table of contents	(See TOC)
spread	An advertisement designed to occupy two facing pages as a single unit of space (also known as a "double spread" or "double truck"); two pages printed from a single plate, without separation by a gutter (inside margins), there is thus actually only one spread (the center spread) in saddle stitched publications; also describes advertisements designed to employ the gutter space, although they may not be printed from the same plate; when two pages are used employing the gutter space, the advertisement is described as two pages facing.
granularity	Artifact of cinematographic production due to the finite size of film emulsion grains, especially with high sensitivity film stocks.
noise	Irrelevant, meaningless, or erroneous information added to a signal by the recording or transmission medium or by an encoding/decoding process
dp / dop	The director of photography is the head of the camera and lighting department
watt	Unit of electrical power equal to one volt across a resistance of one ohm, or one volt at a current of one ampere.
dcc	A consumer digital audio record/playback system developed by Philips
luminance	The intensity or brightness of a video signal, usually represented by the letter Y
batch capture	Combining your video capture card with deck control so that you define the "in" and "out" points first, then capture only the footage you want.
camera card	White type on a black background; either laid to tape or an actual piece of artwork mounted on a card
audio bandwidth	The range of audio frequencies which directly influence the fidelity of a sound
dvw	Model number prefix for Sony Digital Betacam broadcast grade equipment
had	Stands for Hole Accumulated Diode
lens hood	Also lens shade
protocol	A specified, agreed-upon format that determines how computers send and receive data to and from each other on a network
asset management	Identification, copy / transport protection and collation of material essence and Metadata.
ip	Internet Protocol - A protocol and addressing scheme for Internet communications.
optical fiber	A glass strand designed to carry light in a fashion similar to the manner in which wires carry electrical signals
limiter	An amplifier designed to limit or compress signals over a desired level, thus reducing the chances of distortion and keeping the range of signal levels within the range that can be recorded
ppm	Abb
header field	Four bytes recorded at the beginning of each sector which tell the address of the sector (expressed as a Logical Block Number) and the mode in which the sector is recorded.
locale	See regional code.
spam	Unwanted, unsolicited emails frequently used to sell.
insert editing	Camcorder/VCR feature which allows a user to insert new audio/video segments into the middle of a previously recorded tape
wide angle	Any lens with a focal length significantly less than the standard length for the format in which it is used
bar	A common test pattern component
mix effects [amplifier]	The part of a vision mixer or digital video effects device where video signals from several sources are combined to create Mixes, Fades, Keys, etc.
passage	a short section of a musical composition
crossing the line	Breaking the 180º rule typical of continuity editing (see 180º rule).
microwave	One definition refers to the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that ranges between 300MHz and 3000GHz
secam	Sequential colour with memory, system used in France.
overhead shot	A shot looking down vertically on the action from above.
registry	A dynamically updatable database of metadata created according to a defined layout
surround sound	A multichannel audio system with speakers in front of and behind the listener to create a surrounding envelope of sound and to simulate directional audio sources.
interline twitter	Artifact of interlaced television raster display due to coarse line pitch and low field rate
component	A Component TV system has multiple, separate signals and requires two or three cables.
sweeten	- To use audio effects to enhance and manipulate the audio sound.
erasure	Loss of signal on the tape, resulting from extreme temperatures defined as above 275 F/175 C [or other intentional means]
master	The final product of any session, frequently the physical tape that a client walks away with
polarising filter	An optical filter that transmits light in only one direction (perpendicular to the light path), out of 360 degrees possible
sensor	The centrepiece of the Red One is the super-35mm CMOS Sensor with 12 Megapixels, offering all the possibilities of a selective depth of field
microphone	A device used to turn sound wave energy into an electronic signal for recording or transmission.
wdr	Wide Dynamic Range: compensates for major differences in contrast and brightness in the picture
aaf	Advanced Authoring Format.
user datagram protocol	A connectionless transport protocol in the TCP/IP protocol stack that is used in cases where some packet loss is acceptable, such as with digital media streams.
motion blur	For progressive representation „line interlacing "- pictures will be converted into frames
khz	Kilohertz
echo	A wave which has been reflected at one or more points in the transmission medium
cd standard	Comprised of one or more of the following documents available from Sony and Philips:
orange book	(See Multisession)
multi-tile	Digital video effect where the displayed picture contains several copies of the same live or frozen image reduced in size and positioned side by side.
boardreader	a free search engine that allows users to search for keywords only in posts and titles of online forums, a popular forum of social networking.
serial digital	Serial Digital Interface a standardised interface for transmitting digital television signals using a coaxial cable in serial form
ypbpr	A component analog video signal containing one luma and two chroma components
expand	Expansion of the picture details within the zoomed picture area.
hd - high definition	High resolution video material that offers wider ranges of color, exposures and contrasts than standard resolution
termination switch	A switch that connects and disconnects a load resistance to a video input, used to terminate the line
millennium group	The group of companies proposing the Galaxy watermarking format
cds	Correlated Double Sampling
narrative	The telling of a plot or story
jec	Joint Engineering Committee of EIA and NCTA.
suture	The ‘sewing’ together of imaginary and symbolic in Hollywood cinema carried out by continuity editing
keyer	A device which inserts data into the video bit stream based upon a supplied key signal
vits	Test signals inserted in the lines of the vertical blanking interval, defined by the TV standard, e
psychoacoustic	See perceptual encoding.
d3	A tradename for 4fsc composite digital recording format on 13 mm (1/2 ") magnetic tape
directshow	The Microsoft DirectShow application programming interface (API) is an architecture for streaming media on Windows
video effect	Any deliberate change of the TV picture for artistic purposes achieved by video signal processing, including compositing of the resulting picture from several sources
effect controls palette	- A window that lists the current effects applied to an audio or video clip
coaxial cable	A cable having a center conductor surrounded by insulation and a grounded shield.
jerkiness	Term to describe temporal Aliasing
box	1
vectorscope	A special type of oscilloscope designed to display the saturation and hue of chroma signals in a polar pattern
crosstalk	A type of interference caused by audio frequencies from one line being coupled into adjacent lines.
line numbering [system]	The method of counting the TV lines in a frame or in a color frame, that usually must be approved by some regulatory body
high sierra format	The standard logical format for CD-ROM originally proposed by the High Sierra Group, on which the ISO 9660 standard is based; essentially identical to ISO 9660
dvd-r	The write-once DVD format standard
keycode	A machine-readable code printed along the edge of the camera negative film (outside the perforations)
ccd	A semiconductor device (IC) that converts optical images to electronic signals
recovery	Recreation of the original stored data in a RAID storage system e.g
critical	A reflective position on the meaning, biases or value messages of a text
antialias	See: Anti-aliasing.
1080p	1080 lines of progressive video (1080 lines per frame)
aliasing	A distortion (artifact) in the reproduction of digital audio or video that results when the signal frequency is more than twice the sampling frequency
author's film	Author's Films are a movie genre which is desfined by the directors' high artistic freedom and influence when compared to other genres in which the producers normally hold the power to make final decisions
configuration file	Holds all configurable settings used by Viz Engine and various integrated applications.
analogue hd output	Enable and disable the analogue HD output.
satellite	An orbiting space vehicle containing a set of transponders that retransmit television broadcast signals back to earth receivers.
props	Objects used in the scene either by actors or as part of the set design
efm	Eight-to-fourteen modulation
metal-evaporated tape	These tapes require no binder polymer, as the entire magnetic layer comprises a single, homogeneous metal alloy layer that is evaporated onto the substrate
screen-size	For the indication of the size of displays it is usual to call the diagonal - means the distance of the left lower corner to the right upper corner - in inch or centimeter.
flash frames	White frames between frames with images on them
pedestal	A camera support generally restricted to studio use having a single elevator column mounted on a tricycle base.
udf bridge	A combination of UDF and ISO 9660 file system formats that provides backward-compatibility with ISO 9660 readers while allowing full use of the UDF standard.
off-site storage	Facilities located at a distance from the organization's primary location that are used for storing collection materials
lcd	An acronym for "Liquid Crystal Display"
silicon	The raw material of which modern semiconductor devices are made.
aes	Audio Engineering Society
rs-circ	See CIRC.
rate card	A price list showing rates charged for commercial time.
binder	The polymer used to bind magnetic particles together and adhere them to the tape substrate.
aspect ratio	- The shape of an image or frame, expressed as the width-to-height ratio
xml	Extensible Mark-up Language able to define tags and the structural relationships between them.
data packet	Fixed-length self-contained block of data that includes all relevant header information to allow switching, routing and data recovery.
cbema	Computer and Business Equipment Manufacturers Association
h.264	The high-compression multimedia format/technology supported by Apple® iPod® and Sony® PSP®
d-vhs	A new standard proposed by JVC for recording digital signals on a VHS video recorder.
klv	A data encoding protocol (SMPTE 336M) which stands for the Key, Length and Value.
datacasting	Jargon referring to the propagation of information from one source to another source.
rgb	A color model that describes color information in terms of the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) intensities that make up the color.
composite pulse	Sum of Sine-Squared Pulse and a high frequency waveform (usually Color Subcarrier) which itself is modulated by the same Sine-Squared Pulse
ir light	Infra red light, invisible to the human eye
osd	On Screen Display
continuity editing	The conventions through which the impression of an unbroken continuum of space and time is suggested, constructing a consistent storyline out of takes made at different times.
bitstream	- A collection of data, as in video or audio data compressed to a file or transmitted between devices.
intranet	A private network that uses Internet-related technologies to provide services within an organization.
frame switcher	A frame switcher is another name for a simpler multiplexer, which can record multiple cameras on a single VCR (and play back any camera in full screen), but does not have a "mosaic" image display.
composite sync	A signal consisting of horizontal sync pulses, vertical sync pulses and equalizing pulses only.
mtbf	Mean time between failure
digital signal	An electronic signal where every different value from the real life excitation (sound, light, ...) has a different value of binary combinations(words) which represent the analog signal.
op-atom	MXF Operational Pattern Atom
mapping	A technique for taking 2D images and applying it as a surface onto a 3D object.
sepia tone	A process used in photography to generate an overall brownish tone in pictures giving them an "antique" appearance
split [color] bars	Matrix test pattern with upper 50 % occupied by standard color bars and remaining 50% - by Inverse Bars
patch cord	A short cable with connectors used to interconnect lines in a patch panel
active part	The part of the TV line arraying picture information, i.e
reference black level	Refers to the horizontal timing discussion.
rushes	Footage that is shot in a day; referred to as "dailies" in the U.S.
boom	Microphone or lighting support set nominally parallel to the floor usually held by a vertical stand.
grip	The crew member principally responsible for the transportation, maintenance and mounting of the camera.
production	Creation of recorded image information with associated audio elements to achieve the thematic and artistic content desired for distribution.
byte	A byte consists of 8-bits or 10-bits.
bsod	The Blue Screen of Death (also known as a stop error or bluescreen) is an error screen displayed by some operating systems, most notably Microsoft Windows, after encountering a critical system error which can cause the system to shut down, to prevent damage.
i/o	I/O is short for Input/Ouput, and is a common term used for hardware connectors.
fresnel mire	A Zone Plate pattern (circular or elliptic) with lowest spatial frequency in the center and uniform rise of spatial frequency along any radius, so that the spatial frequency is directly proportional to the distance from the center.
volume	A logical unit representing all the data on one side of a disc.
kaleidoscope	A digital video effect in the category of multiple Mirror effects emulating the classic toy of the same name.
mb	Megabyte.
vidiplex	A simple 'multiplexing' method, where two different TV program signals are transmitted sequentially in the odd and even fields of the TV Frame
scission	The process in which a chemical bond in a molecule is broken either by reaction with another molecule, such as water, or by the absorption of a high energy photon.
pal switching signal	Sync pulse with period of two lines, the rising edge of which marks the start of a line with positive polarity of V component in PAL chrominance signal or the start of a Dr line in Dr/Db sequence in SECAM chrominance signal.
keying	The general term for the process of superimposing video from one source (the foreground) on top of another source (the background) using a cut-out or 'key' signal to control which of the two signals is visible at any one point.
medium long shot	A shot in which a largish object (e.g
sas	An acronym for "Serial Attached SCSI (Small Computer System Interface)"
primary colors	Colors that are combined to produce the full range of other colors within the limits of a system.
interlace	A video scanning system in which alternating lines are transmitted, so that half a picture is displayed each time the scanning beam moves down the screen
director's cut	The director's cut (D.C.) is the director's version of the final cut
isrc	International Standard Recording Code.
gamma	A parameter describing the curve of amplitude response (level response) according to the expression.
cat 5	Category 5 cable, commonly known as Cat 5, is a twisted pair cable type designed for high signal integrity
rpm	Revolutions per minute.
colour black	An analog video signal that displays a black screen
bmp	The standard Windows bitmap still image file format
color corrector	Device processing video signals to correct for color errors (such as that introduced by equipment during the production process or incorrect lighting) and possibly to change colors for artistic purposes.
script commands	Named data that is associated with a designated time in Windows Media–based content
eureka	European new technologies development project under whose guidance the 1250/50/2:1 HDTV system was created - hence the name is often identified with the system itself.
sticky tape	Tape characterized by a soft, gummy, or tacky tape surface; tape that has experienced a significant level of hydrolysis so that the magnetic coating is softer than normal; tape characterized by resinous or oily deposits on the surface of the magnetic tape.
driver	A program interacting with a special kind of software or particular device
fc-drives	These drives use the copper version of the Fibre Channel interface with a SCSI protocol
earn out	When your book has earned more revenue than you were paid as an advance it is said to have "earned out." From here on out you get royalties on all "net sales" and all subrights income
quantization	A process in which a continuous signal (analog) is converted to a series of points at discrete levels (digital)
wide shot	A picture showing a subject in the context of the surroundings to establish the relationship between the subject and the surroundings.
p frame	An MPEG-2 compressed video frame containing original information and information derived from previous frames.
live on tape	Unedited
cat 5e	Cat 5 e cable is an enhanced version of Cat 5 that adds specifications for far end crosstalk.
oe	The unit of magnetic field strength
si	Système International (d'Unités)/International System (of Units)
dat	A consumer digital audio record/playback system developed by Sony, with a signal quality capability surpassing that of the CD
cmyk	An acronym for "Cyan; Magenta; Yellow; Black"
effects memory	A computer style sub-system capable of storing mixer or DVE panel settings and possibly sequences which may later be recalled to exactly duplicate an effect.
omni-directional	Equally sensitive in all directions.
life time	Durability of LCD TV`s describe the action of consumption til the primary efficacy has been sunken to half of it`s power
matte	The black bars found at the top and bottom of the picture when a wide-screen format is projected on a television set.
sp@ml	Simple profile at main level
pl mount	The Red One is equipped with a PL-Mount which allows the use of cinema lenses
morphs	Any digital video effect that transforms an object's shape and colors into those of another object.
hydrolysis	The chemical process in which scission of a chemical bond occurs via reaction with water
bump	A piece of animation that is used either before or after a commercial break
a/d	See: Analog to Digital Converter.
gamma = log/log	It is usually expressed as a ratio of logarithms of output and input signals; e
control-s	Sony wired transport control protocol which duplicates a VCR’s infra-red remote transport control (play, stop, pause, fast forward and rewind)
normal / standard lens	A normal lens does not have as wide an angle as a wide angle lens, but a shorter focal length than a telephoto lens.
stair-stepping	Professional jargon for spatial aliasing on near-horizontal lines in a TV picture
progressive scan	The method of displaying a video image one full frame at a time by scanning each line of an image in sequential order
color subcarrier synchronization	Expression to describe when two sub-carriers are maintained in phase lock, usually with the phase relationship adjustable for Genlock purposes.
defragmentation	Storing and deleting data on a storage medium such as a hard disk will cause in time a fragmentation of data on the storage
atm	Describes the ways a digital audio word may be transmitted (either big endian or little-endian)
facebook	a social utility that connects people with friends and others who work, study and live around them
tie-in	An edition of the book that ties in with a movie or TV show adaptation, usually featuring the movie cover or TV art.
miniaturization	Confusing visual cues in a stereoscopic scene that can make an object appear to be the 'wrong' size i.e
ftp	File Transfer protocol � sits on top of TCP / IP and allows files to be exchanged between FTP client and FTP server.
print through	The condition where low frequency signals on one tape winding imprint themselves on the immediate adjacent tape windings
test pattern	Generic term for picture created by optical or electronic means for purpose of test
interpolation	Progressive calculation of a parameter between key frames.
eco mode	This special TV mode enables users to reduce the power of the TV backlight by 15% to 20% in two discrete stages
subsampling	The process of reducing spatial resolution by taking samples that cover larger areas than the original samples or of reducing temporal resolutions by taking samples that cover more time than the original samples
federal communications commission	The U.S
pull-in range	Range of the input signal frequencies to which a Phase Lock Loop (PLL) is able to lock
mb	Megabyte
browsing tools	A browsing tool is, for instance, a standard file manager such as 'My Computer' or the Windows Explorer on the Windows operating system.
automatic standby	The receiver automatically switches to the standby mode after the specified period of inactivity to help reduce the amount of electricity it uses when Automatic Standby is set as Enable
gradient	Gradual change from one color (or intensity level) to another
d-characters	A character set used in ISO 9660 Level 1 filenames, if the standard is strictly adhered to (which is not always necessary)
h-timing	Relative timing of two sets of horizontal sync pulses held in synchronizm
mod	Minimum object distance
gxf	The file format defined by grass valley for use in their Profile servers.
agc	Automatic gain control
duplication	Making multiple copies of a compact disc with a device which writes each CD one at a time.
cliff effect	Also referred to as the 'digital cliff'
digitization	Professional jargon word for analog to digital conversion.
hypertext transfer protocol	The protocol used by the World Wide Web to transfer HTML files.
pixel	The smallest area of TV picture defined by TV standard; usually refers to discrete value on a sampling grid; a color pixel is a triplet of values representing either red, green and blue intensity, or luminance and two color-difference intensity values.
subcarrier burst	A burst of chrominance signal with a phase defined by the TV system specifications, inserted in the line blanking intervals to provide the reference for Color Subcarrier Synchronization.
usb	- A digital data interface standard providing a Plug-and-Play interface for personal computers
reliability	The degree to which a research sample result conforms with the result that would be obtained if a complete census were taken.
vda	Device for the amplification and distribution of one video signal to several destinations, sometimes combined with a cable equalizer.
photon	A representative of the quantum nature of light
compositing	The action (and the art) of making a Composite Image.
ebu [color] bars	Color Bars with the nomenclature 100/0/75/0.
opaque	- Regions of a superimposed image that are solid (not transparent), and therefore cover over the underlying image
fcc	Federal Commission of Communications
plumbicon	Thermionic vacuum tube developed by Philips, using a lead oxide photoconductive layer
bar data	Bar Data information is used to signal the precise unused areas of an image raster when the active video does not completely fill that raster, in particular widescreen cinema material carried letterboxed in a frame with bars top and bottom
magnetic tape	A plastic, paper, or metal tape that is coated or impregnated with magnetizable iron oxide particles on which information is stored as a pattern of polarized spots." (Screensound): "With few exceptions, magnetic tape consists of a base film coated with magnetic particles held in a binder
cd-r	An extension of the CD format allowing data to be recorded once on a disc by using dye-sublimation technology
s-video	With the at that time established upgraded vide tape format S-VHS (super-VHS) signal standard which was able to offer higher picture quality as FBAS
profile	In MPEG-2, profiles specify syntax and processes such as picture types, scalability, and extensions
vu	An abbreviation for "Volume Units"
tv system	A method of encoding a color TV picture, normally according to an agreed international specifications
pulse	Pulse signals for Horizontal scanning frequency used to extract from the colour subcarrier wave a continuous wave which has an established phase relationship with colour signals for transmission.
story board	A series of drawn frames used to specify animation or live action.
history palette	- A window that displays a list of your recent actions during the current working session
rms	Root Mean Square
hrra	Home Recording Rights Association.
title	The largest unit of a DVD-Video disc (other than the entire volume or side)
resolution	- The dimensions of an image, in pixels, typically expressed as the number of horizontal pixels across and the number of vertical pixels down
l-band	A frequency band ranging from 950MHz-2150MHz and used mainly in satellite signal transmission over fiber
mp3	An audio file format, especially popular for downloading songs from the web and for storing music in and portable music players
interference	Disturbances of an electrical or electromagnetic nature that introduce undesirable responses in other electronic equipment.
filter	A flat piece of glass or gelatin with no optical properties other than to control the color or intensity of light.
distributor	The company that gets books from a publisher to bookstores, libraries, etc
capacitor	An electrical device which stores energy as an electrostatic charge
transmutation	a qualitative change
dvd-ram	A version of DVD on which data can be recorded more than once
adc	Analog to Digital Conversion
n/c & n/o alarms	N/C refers to normally closed, and N/O is Normally opened
roadblocking	A scheduling technique where a brand's commercial airs at approximately the same time on all three networks or on all stations in a given market.
subcarrier synchronization	Expression to describe when two sub-carriers are maintained in phase lock, usually with the phase relationship adjustable for Genlock purposes.
pmma	Polymethylmethacrylate
stp	Surface transfer process
artifact	An undesirable picture element in a video image, which may naturally occur in the recording process and must be eliminated in order to achieve a high quality image
mtbf	An acronym for "Mean Time Between Failure"
network	An arrangement of devices such as servers, computers, and printers joined by transmission paths by which programs make requests of one another
rating	An estimate of the size of an audience expressed as one percent of the total population.
api	An acronym for "Application Program Interface"
graphic	Device which allows for the shaping of audio frequency responses in a visual manner.
gpo	General Purpose Output
green screen	A special effects procedure in which a subject is photographed in front of a uniformly illuminated blue or green background
down-stream keying	Keying in a vision mixer that electronically appears after all other operator functions
dvs	Descriptive video services
pip	Shortcut for the "picture in picture" function with which the picture signal of a second video source (for instance of a second tuner or reproducer) will be faded in downsized in the main screen.
aspect ratio	The ratio of the width of a picture to the height.
os	Operating system.
internet explorer	A free web browser application from Microsoft.
dvb-c	Digital video broadcast - cable means digital receive via broadband cable.
scsi	Small Computer Systems Interface
overscan	- The outer edges of a video image that are typically cut off by consumer television sets in order to ensure that the image fills the entire display
atsc	An acronym for "Advanced Televisions System Committee"
ire unit	Acronym for the North American 'Institute of Radio Engineers'
ip protection classes	Describes the degree of protection for devices with regard to the penetration of foreign matter and moisture
rsdl	Reverse-spiral dual-layer
warp	A digital video effect involving any 2 or 3-dimensional change in shape (deliberate geometric distortion) of an input picture.
sector	A logical or physical group of bytes recorded on the disc—the smallest addressable unit
raster	A pattern of image system detection
y.	Signal carrying the information about the brightness of TV picture
low band	Recording in which the luminance FM deviation is from 3.8 to 5.4 MHZ and the colour under frequency is 685 KHZ.
green screen	A common special effects procedure in which a subject is photographed in front of a uniformly illuminated blue or green background
phase	The difference, expressed in degrees, in the instantaneous amplitude of two signals of the same frequency.
bmp	- The standard Windows bitmap still image file format
plasma display panel	Flat panel display using plasma electronic technology.
rf	A radio frequency (RF) connector is an electrical connector designed to work at radio frequencies in the multi-megahertz range.
gpi	General Purpose Interface
secam-v	Older variant of SECAM system where the Color Identification Signal should be present in the form of Bottles on the 9 lines in the vertical blanking interval.
judder	Term to describe temporal Aliasing
router	A multi-input, multi-output device that allows for quick switching from one video input to another without recabling
awg	American Wire Gauge
focal length	Focal length is the distance between the lens and its focal point
s/p dif	Sony/Philips digital interface
ethernet	A set of standards describing the fundamental physical, electrical and data organisation characteristics of data exchange for local area networks.
aes	Audio Engineering Society.
analog video	A system of recording video images that employs continuously varying waveforms to encode brightness, color and the timing information necessary to reproduce a moving image.
red book	The document first published in 1982 that specifies the original compact disc digital audio format developed by Philips and Sony.
jim jannard	Jannard developed the revolutionary and radical Red One
soap	Simple Object Access Protocol - an XML based protocol for exchanging information over a distributed system
world wide web	The Web (WWW) is a constellation of servers that supports a specific form of documents coded in HTML, a format that allows users to navigate via links to other documents in different servers
aerial shot	A camera shot filmed from an airplane, helicopter, blimp, balloon, kite or high building (higher than a crane).
chroma key	Technique which allows a vision mixer to substitute a saturated colour (blue or yellow) in a picture for another source (captions, slides, film).
dynamic resolution	Resolution when there is a movement in the TV picture, e
d2 - d1 converter	Professional jargon nickname for a device converting video signals from 4fsc digital composite format to digital component 4:2:2 format.
daylight saving time	Daylight Saving Time (DST) or Summer Time as it is called in many countries, is a way of getting more daylight out of the summer days by advancing the clocks by one hour during the summer
stream	Digital media that is in the process of being delivered in a continuous flow across a network.
access time	The time it takes to retrieve a piece of information
kerning	A typographic term referring to the horizontal distance between characters
visibility of line structure	Artifact of television raster display due to coarseness of the line pitch in comparison with the Aperture size.
spluge	Variant of PLUGE test pattern.
fcc composite	Vertical Interval Test Signal specified by FCC for the NTSC system
book plates	Stickers that go in the front of a book and often allow the owner of the book to sign their name
sdmi	Secure Digital Music Initiative
vertical drive	Sync pulse with leading edge marking the start of Vertical Blanking Interval
age limit	Age Limit enables you to place restrictions on viewers by setting age limits
pop	Picture outside picture
copyeditor	A grammar and spelling ninja who is responsible for making sure books do not have typos, geographical errors, or dangling modifiers
100 hz	The new100 HZ technology doubles the amount of pictures per second - from there the image quality becomes calmer.
stills	Short for "Still Images", i.e
bit stream	A continuous series of bits transmitted on a line
pci-x	PCI-X (Peripheral Component Interconnect eXtended) is a computer bus and expansion card standard that enhanced the PCI Local Bus for higher bandwidth demanded by servers.
guid	Another term for UUID like numbers, often used by Microsoft.
field rate	Number of [TV] fields transmitted per second.
sdi	Format, where 10-bit serialised video data are transmitted via BNC type connector or fibre-optical connector with clock rate:
atm	Automatic Teller Machine: ATM data can be shown in the video picture for the corresponding camera as part of the surveillance of bank counters or bank premises, using a POS function in the recording device
average frequency	The number of times the average person or household is exposed to an advertising schedule
preamp	An amplifier used to increase signal levels prior to additional processing.
field alias	Artifact of interlaced television raster display due to coarse line pitch and low field rate
display	Display Process of sequential [in time] transformation of electrical signals into color or brightness of an image.
figure	Wipe with closed contour, e.g
ghost	A shadowy or weak image in the received picture, offset either to the right or to the left of the primary image, and the result of transmission conditions where secondary signals are created and received earlier or later than the primary signal casued by a reflected RF signal.
atv	Advanced television
mcx	MCX connectors are coaxial RF connectors
i/p	Input
coercivity	The magnetising force required to reduce the magnetism of a sample to zero (used when testing tape).
iris	The mechanism that controls the lens aperture.
dtd	Document Type Definition
3-2 pulldown	An uncommon variation of 2-3 pulldown, where the first film frame is repeated for 3 fields instead of two
pre-enhancement	In many situations, video losses can be anticipated, allowing signal pre-compensation in a way that partially corrects for the losses
backing	Backing film layer that supports the magnetic layer in a magnetic tape
duration	- A length of time
intelligent encoding	A feature of Expression Encoder used when encoding media
colorburst	See burst.
interlaced	A display system in which two (2) interleaved fields are used to create one (1) frame
5.1 audio	An arrangement of five (5) audio channels (left; center; right; left-surround; right-surround) and one (1) sub-woofer channel.
itu-r bt.601	The international standard specifying the format of digital component video
mob	Master Object - AAF term for MXF Package.
scrim	A fiber or plastic covering placed on the front of a lighting fixture to diffuse or spread out the light.
control area	A part of the lead-in area on a DVD containing one ECC block (16 sectors) repeated 192 times
caption	See titles.
dr/db switch	Sync pulse with period of two lines, the rising edge of which marks the start of a line with positive polarity of V component in PAL chrominance signal or the start of a Dr line in Dr/Db sequence in SECAM chrominance signal.
zoom lens	A lens which has a variable focal length within a pre-defined range
standards conversion	The conversion of video signals between different Scanning Standards, for instance NTSC to PAL conversion, or 1250/50/2:1 to 625/50/2:1 conversion.
cie	Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage
prefered language	Allows you to choose between English, Welsh and Gaelic.
skin effect	The tendency of alternating current to travel only on the surface of a conductor as its frequency increases.
sine-squared pulse	Component of test signals with normalized half amplitude duration (HAD), e
rg-59	A type of coaxial cable that is most common in use in small to medium size CCTV systems
sdtv	SDTV is the digital TV standard with a resolution of 720×480
cannon	A three-pin connector used with balanced audio lines for line and mic level audio signals
shock cut	The immediate juxtaposition of two incongruous shots (e.g
sd	Standard-definition television or SDTV refers to television systems that have a resolution that meets standards but not considered either enhanced definition or high definition.
line sag	Tilt measured across the top of the bar in a Bar test signal
data rate	The speed at which data is transferred, as in bytes per second
compressor	Program by which files are
encryption	A mathematical technique for scrambling information such that only those with a key piece of information can unscramble the information to recreate the original message.
spatio-temporal	Generic term for parameters or processes that take place in both space and time (spatial and temporal) domains.
primary color	One of three basic colors used in most TV and video systems
afterburner	A device which takes embedded data from the video bit stream and translates it into human readable text
hue	The color of light or of a pixel
microphone impedance	In order to obtain the highest quality output signal from a microphone, a preamplifier input should provide a load (impedance) which exactly matches a microphone’s output impedance
color grading	Color Grading is the process of setting the final lighting and look once the footage has been edited
chat	A text-based interface allowing multiple users to write messages and reply to each other in real time
line datum	A reference time moment at the mid-level crossing point of the leading edge of the line sync pulse
pulse code modulation	A technique for digitizing audio into an uncompressed format by assigning a value to the amplitude of the signal at fixed intervals.
black set [test] [pattern]	Same as PLUGE, but for black level only.
tga	Abbreviation for "Targa" i.e
mbit/s	Megabits per second
structural metadata	Metadata, often intended for machines, which describes the structure and interrelationships of the Essence
safe area	Margins left outside of an image
helper [signal]	Modulated subcarrier signal carrying the vertical detail information lost in the process of aspect ratio conversion and transmitted in black bands below and above the letterbox picture in some widescreen TV systems.
itu-r656	The physical parallel and serial interconnect scheme for ITU-R601
publishing point	An organized memory location that translates a client request for content into the physical path on the server hosting the content
lima	Limited Motion Animation
recorder	Any device that converts an electronic signal to a magnetic pattern in the oxide coating of a magnetic tape.
vlf	Very Low Frequency
resolution	The number of bits (four, eight, ten, etc.) determines the resolution of the signal
amp. ampere	Unit of electrical measure equal to one volt sent through a resistance of one ohm
line compensation	Use of a video line amplifier to pre-compensate for high frequency video signal transmission losses resulting from long distance cable runs (several hundred meters) by boosting those signal frequencies most effected
animation	The creation of the illusion of movement by presenting a series of images which represent discrete moments in sequential time
sc	Sinusoidal wave with frequency within luminance signal spectrum which serves to carry the information about color hue and saturation.
aes/ebu	Acronym for the dual-channel digital audio interface jointly conceived by the Audio Engineering Society and the European Broadcasting Union and defined by Standard IEC-958
pit	The depressed area of an optical disc.
analog	A continuous electrical signal that carries information in the form of various physical values such as amplitude or frequency modulation
shot	A fragment of TV or film program appearing to come from one camera in one uninterrupted period
caption	A textual representation of the audio information in a video program
dtrs	An 8-channel digital audio tape recorder format utilizing Hi-8 videocassettes, developed by Tascam.
compression ratio	A value that indicates by what factor an image file has been reduced after compression
quantization scale	A rule linking the digital code word values with analog video signal levels; e
stroboscope	A very common budget digital video effect where the image is merely frozen for a determined period and then instantly updated at the beginning of the next period
ram	Random-access memory
random access	The ability to jump to a point on a storage medium.
di - director's interpretation	The director's interpretation regarding the realization of a concept or story board.
information display time	You can set the automatic display time of the information box when the channel is switched
analog	An adjective used to describe a method of converting audio and video information to a continuously varying voltage or magnetic field representing the original data
target voltage	The voltage applied to the pickup tube which determines the sensitivity of the tube to light.
bandwidth	Strictly speaking, the range of frequencies (or the difference between the highest and the lowest frequency) carried by a circuit or signal
cd	Compact Disc
test card	Generic term for frame-based picture created by optical or electronic means for purpose of test (e
vir	Signals inserted in the lines of the vertical blanking interval, as defined by a TV Standard
decibel	A unit of measurement expressing ratios using logarithmic scales related to human aural or visual perception
iso	International Organization for Standardization
ram	Random Access Memory
mhz	One million (106) Hz.
interlock	A system that electronically links a projector with a sound recorder.
gigabyte	230 bytes which is 1073741824 bytes - or 1 thousand Megabytes.
digitization	The process of deriving digital objects from analog originals by converting their sampled values to binary code
resampling	The process of converting between different spatial resolutions or different temporal resolutions
ado	Ampex Digital Optics
gui	An acronym for "Graphical User Interface"
video	The term used to describe visual material in a standard 30 frames-per-second electronic form
vits	Video Insertion Test Signals
field datum	In 525 lines system: A reference time moment given by the Line Datum coincident with the beginning of the first equalizing pulse in the vertical sync group.
mode 2	Data format utilized in CD-I and CD-ROM XA
frame code	Absolute address system for each frame, recorded in the vertical blanking period.
clone	In digital media, a perfect copy of a given file or files
line drive	Sync pulse with leading edge marking the start of Horizontal Blanking Interval
access time	The time it takes for a drive to access a data track and begin transferring data
analog-to-digital	The process in which a continuous analog signal is quantized and converted to a series of binary integers.
break position	A broadcast commercial aired between two programs instead of in the middle of one program.
silverlight	Microsoft Silverlight is a cross-browser technology that supports a true subset of the XML-based XAML (Extensible Application Markup Language) and that enables you to create rich web client experiences
pvw	This bus gives the Vision Mixer operator the opportunity to see sources and/or combined pictures before they are included in the outgoing (program) signal.
spectral interleaving	A method of combining two or more signals by adding them in such a way that each of them occupies different slots in the frequency domain
vlc	Variable length coding
z wheel	In the DVE sense it describes a single co-ordinate control used for changing effects parameters in the 'Z' axis (perpendicular to the screen plane).
nab cartridge	A standard endless loop cartridge.
hard edge	Variant of Wipe with sharp boundary between background and foreground areas of TV picture.
fuse	A device designed to interrupt an electrical circuit in the event of an overload of that circuit.
itu	The United Nations regulatory body governing all forms of communications
horizontal frequency	The total number of horizontal lines scanned per second in a displayed image.
itu	International Telecommunications Union (also UIT)
corba	Common Object Request Broker Architecture - a mechanism for creating, distributing and managing distributed computing
ramp	Test signal in the form of a linearly rising ramp, to measure signal path non-linearity.
blocking	Planned movements and actions of talent and crew.
display device	Device for transformation of electrical signals into variations of color or brightness in a viewable image.
bar tilt	Time domain parameter indirectly showing low frequency response distortion by checking bar waveform
motion estimation	In video encoding, the process of analyzing previous or future frames to identify blocks that have not changed or have only changed location
plug-in	A browser utility developed by a third party, typically for viewing special Web formats such as Flash animations or Realplayer videos.
bvw	Prefix for Sony Betacam SP broadcast grade equipment
nrz	Non Return to Zero
sav	Start of Active Video
advance	The money a publisher pays an author to publish their book
smpte [color] bars	A Test Matrix pattern which consists of the following (from top to bottom):
reference player	A DVD player that defines the ideal behavior as specified by the DVD-Video standard.
retensioning	The process where a tape is unspooled onto a take-up reel and then rewound at a controlled tension and speed
a-57	A DVE manufactured by Abekas.
blue book	(See CD-EXTRA)
gamma	- A display setting related to the brightness of the middle tones of an image
camera mode	Mode of vertical-temporal video signal processing which assumes that odd and even fields of the TV frame contain information from different time moments, typical of interlaced TV camera output.
pan and scan	Aspect ratio down conversion with full vertical screen occupation and on-line control of horizontal centering.
dot pitch	The distance between the dots on a CRT display
tracking	The angle and speed at which the tape passes the video heads
downsampling	See subsampling.
gain	Overall audio output volume
hsf	See High Sierra.
backlight	Light striking a subject from the direction opposite to the camera
4:2:2	The component digital video format commonly used for studio recordings, where there is one Cb sample and one Cr sample for every two Y samples (i.e., 1 pixel in a 1 x 2 grid)
digital cinema	Digital cinema is a film shot digitally in cinema quality, which requires the latest high end technology
checkerboard [test] [pattern]	Test pattern in a form of several bands with alternating white and black boxes
gray scale	A chart with varying shades of gray which is photographed during production and used by the film processing lab to color correct film.
smear	Artifact due to excessive temporal filtering, e.g
s-vhs	Super VHS (Video Home System)
capstan motor	The rotating motor driven shaft that governs the linear speed of the tape in video or audio tape transports.
editor interface	A feature that permits some or all mixer-switcher functions to be controlled from an external device
vga	Specific resolution of network cameras: 640 x 480 pixels
mosquitoes	A term referring to the fuzzy dots that can appear around sharp edges (high spatial frequencies) after video compression
color difference signal[s]	Signals produced by matrixing primary color signals, in such a way that the signals become equal to zero on reference white: e
d-cinema	Digital Cinema
white balance	Most desirable condition is when a white subject is reproduced as white on a screen indicating that the red, green and blue are well balanced.
blurb	A quote from an author or reviewer in praise of a book
beta or betamax	Consumer videocassette record/playback tape format using half-inch wide magnetic tape
essence container	A defined mechanism for placing Essence in a file
dvd+r	An incompatible competitor to the DVD-R format standard, this write-once DVD is being promoted by Hewlett-Packard, Philips and Sony.
nab	National Association of Broadcasters. Used as a term for standards specified by the organisation.
4-point edit	Marking all four points to place the source clip into the program
two stage mixer	A Vision Mixer with two Mix Effects buses, where the output of one can be fed into the other (re-entered) as a separate input
eform	An electronic form that is filled out by a user and sent over a network
zonal mixing	Keying mode when a key signal of the mixer (for instance a diamond shaped wipe pattern) comes from a source other than the video that will eventually fill the hole
treatment	A brief description of a film topic or idea.
rs-422	A serial data standard which allows one transmitter to send communication data to up to 10 receivers
web analytics	The measurement, collection, analysis and reporting of Internet data for purposes of understanding and optimizing web usage.
eas	Emergency Alert System
cassette	Recording medium with both take-up and supply spools enclosed in a semi dustproof container
db-	A symbol indicating that a measurement is made using a logarithmic scale similar to that of the decibel in that a difference of 10 dB- corresponds to a factor of 10
digital	Information sent as a series of high (1) and low (0) signals separated by a fixed period of time
raster	The pattern of parallel horizontal scan lines that makes up a video picture.
ire	Institute of radio engineers
pstn	Public Switched Telephone Network, usually refers to the "plain old telephone" service
house sync	The blackburst signal used to synchronize all the devices in a studio or a station.
cd-i	Compact disc interactive
application format	A specification for storing information in a particular way to enable a particular use.
fat	FAT is an acronym for "File Allocation Table"
audio clip	In a non-linear editing environment a clip indicates data of either video or audio that has been clipped out (copied) from a larger environment such as a reel or a video tape.
audio mixer	An electronic component that facilitates the selection and combination of audio signals.
focal plane	The plane perpendicular to the lens axis at which parallel rays striking the lens are converged to a point.
nab	National Association of Broadcasters.
multi-image-freeze	A Multi-Tile effect with the addition of freeze, so that different temporal phases of a single live video source are frozen and positioned (or 'dropped') in different areas of the screen.
jpeg	An acronym for "Joint Photographic Expert Group"
encryption	A procedure that renders the contents of a message or file unintelligible to anyone not authorized to read it
a/d	Also known as just AD or A2D
blue angel	The Blue Angel is a test certificate awarded since 1978 for products and services that are judged to be particularly environment-friendly
frontality	The placing of the camera at a 90º angle to the action.
cd-rom	Compact disc read-only memory
flo-mo	A proprietary Snell & Wilcox slow-motion system based on Phase Correlation
sc lock	Expression to describe when two sub-carriers are maintained in phase lock, usually with the phase relationship adjustable for Genlock purposes.
nd filters	Neutral Density filters are optical filters that attenuate the light a number of times
hvr	Model number prefix for Sony professional grade HDV equipment
tiff	An acronym for "Tag Image File Format"
perfect binding	Method that produces flat opening, as in telephone directories; distinguished from side (saddle) stitching.
code	Instructions written in a language a computer can understand and execute
data rate	- The speed at which data is transferred, as in bytes per second
authoring	Creation of a database for a CD-ROM
fault tolerance	Fault Tolerance is a system's ability to remain operational in the event of a component, device or environmental failure.
multimedia	Information in more than one form, such as text, still images, sound, animation, and video
java	A programming language with specific features designed for use with the Internet and HTML.
tcp	An acronym for "Transport Control Protocol"
analysis	See: TV Analysis.
substrate	The clear polycarbonate disc onto which data layers are stamped or deposited.
mac os	Operating system of Apple Macintosh computers.
sawtooth	Test signal in the form of a linearly rising ramp, to measure signal path non-linearity.
720p	720 lines of progressive video (720 lines per frame)
interlaced	Description for the line spacing mode.
hd-ready	The quality label HD-ready accounts that a display has all conditions of the HDTV-exposition (please quod vide page 11)
525/60	The scanning system of 525 lines per frame and 60 interlaced fields (30 frames) per second
martial arts film	Martial Arts films are a movie genre which combine action with artistic performances of Asian martial arts, for example Kung Fu
lt/rt	Left total/right total
blooming	The defocusing of regions of a picture where brightness is excessive
binary	The mathematical representation of any given number in the base 2, i
audio codec	An audio codec is a hardware device or a computer program that compresses and decompresses digital audio data according to a given audio file format or streaming audio format.
fresnel zone plate	A Zone Plate pattern (circular or elliptic) with lowest spatial frequency in the center and uniform rise of spatial frequency along any radius, so that the spatial frequency is directly proportional to the distance from the center.
volume	An identifiable unit of data storage in computers or storage systems
bit mapped graphics	The type of graphic that is defined and addressed on a bit-by-bit basis which makes all points on the screen display directly accessible.
flashback	a transition (in literary or theatrical works or films) to an earlier event or scene that interrupts the normal chronological development of the story
equalizing pulse	A pulse within vertical sync group, narrower than line sync pulse
1080/24p	The standardized international High Definition format having a sampling structure of 192 (H) x 1080(V) and operating at 24-frames/second progressively scanned.
mastering	To finalize a film digitally.
pre-emption	The substitution of one advertiser's local TV commercial by another advertiser paying a higher price for the spot, or by a different program of interest.
disk striping	Disk Striping is a technique used for spreading data over multiple disk drives
multipulse	A test signal in a form of series of sine-squared pulses and Composite Pulses of different width and with different filling frequencies
vga	„Video graphics array "
ghosting	A shadow or weak secondary image as seen on a monitor or display which is created by multiple path broadcast transmission errors.
grid [test] [pattern]	Test pattern which consists of white lines on black background or black lines on white background forming a grid
iso 9660	The international standard for the file system used by CD-ROM
iris	A means of controlling the size of a lens aperture and therefore the amount of light passing through the lens.
emoticon	A cute sideways face created by using special characters on the keyboard
line time distortion	Tilt measured across the top of the bar in a Bar test signal
pip	Special effect in which one video image is inserted within another allowing several video images to share a single screen.
head	Devices for the recording and retrieval of magnetic information
tabloid	Format of newspaper or business paper, smaller than regular newspaper, usually type size page 14-1/4 inches (200 lines) deep, 5 columns (10- 1/4 inches) wide.
nuvicon	A type of video pickup tube used in inexpensive color television cameras.
pvw	Model number prefix for Sony professional grade Betacam SP equipment
inch	Above all asiatic manufacturers indicate screen diagonals gladly in the US-American unit inch
d1	D1 is a resolution standard
hhr	Horizontal Half Resolution
content	A general term that refers to audio & video media, images, text, and any other information that is seen or heard as part of a media presentation.
jpeg	Compression standard for digital representation of still pictures, commonly used in the computer industry
videotape	Commercial video tape use started in 1956 in the form of 2-inch quad tape..
keycode number	Kodak's machine-readable key numbers that include a 10-digit key number, identification code, film code and off-set in perforations.
hit	A single user accessing a single file from a web server
d1- d2 bridge	Professional jargon nickname for a device converting video signals from digital component 4:2:2 format to 4fsc digital composite format.
photo cd	A compact disc format developed by Kodak and Philips, based on the CD-I Bridge specification, used to store photographic images on a CD-ROM for display and printing
heterodyne	A system used for recording color video signals at a reduced frequency.
pop-up	An online ad that appears in a new window, in front of the web content being viewed.
burn	Part of a pickup tubes that has a depletion of charge evidence by a negative image of the picture source causing the depletion
6.1.	Ambient sound variant, which works with an additional surround box, arranged in the back in the center.
flash-forward	a transition (in literary or theatrical works or films) to a later event or scene that interrupts the normal chronological development of the story
jbod	An acronym for "Just a Bunch Of Disks"
transport stream [mpeg]	A bitstream packaging Elementary Streams together
blinds [wipe]	A periodic wipe pattern consisting of repetitive identical stripes, a background image being seen through these 'venetian blinds'
cad	CAD stands for Computer Aided Design
http	Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
line doubler	A video processor that doubles the number of lines in the scanning system in order to create a display with scan lines that are less visible
ntp	The public domain software package called NTP (Network Time Protocol) is an implementation of the TCP/IP network protocol with the same name
lossy compression	A process for compressing data in which information deemed unnecessary is removed and cannot be recovered upon decompression
scaler control	To control a scaling (by remote)
galaxy group	The group of companies proposing the Galaxy watermarking format
contained	In the variable media paradigm, even paintings and sculptures can provoke prickly questions when some aspect of their construction alters or requires an intervention
unbalanced line	A cable with a single signal-carrying conductor and a grounded shield.
dac	Digital-to-analog converter
squeezed video	See anamorphic.
dvd	The digital data storage system using 120 mm optical disk
pcm	An uncompressed, digitally coded representation of an analog signal
skew regulator	This adjusts tape tension when a tape is changed to avoid skewing distortion at the top of the screen resulting from the video track length altering after the changeover.
m2s	A digital video standard similar to DVB-ASI but using a different method to time incoming data packets
white level	The white level is the part of the video signal that represents the white part of an image
alpha channel	Extra information stored with an image to define transparent areas used for keying and superimpositions
on-the-fly	To write "on-the-fly" means to write data to CD, referenced in a virtual image without first writing a real ISO 9660 image.
flat color	A simple Test Pattern in the form of a color or grey level background (e
mirroring	Duplicating a file, typically a Web site, in another location so as to distribute access to or safeguard the original work.
foot candle	The amount of light produced by a standard candle at a distance of one foot
uv22	A proprietary process developed by Apogee Electronics, similar in concept to dither, that adds a high-frequency, narrowband signal just below half the digital sampling frequency (Nyquist frequency): around 22kHz for 44.1kHz systems such as DAT and CD.
firewire	Another name for the "i-link" interface
hypertext	Text that includes links or shortcuts to other documents, allowing the reader to easily jump from one text to related texts, and consequentially from one idea to another, in a non-linear fashion
camera cap	A cap screwed or mounted onto the front of a camera in place of the lens to protect the camera pickup tube from light or dirt when the lens is not in place.
windows	Operating system for IBM compatible PCs developed by the company Microsoft.
matrix time code	See AatonCode
modification	an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another
satellite news gathering	A version of Electronic News Gathering with up-link transmissions of TV programs usually live via communication satellite.
pip	Picture In Picture: monitor function, to show a picture in a picture
fcc multi-burst	Vertical Interval Test Signal specified by FCC for the NTSC system
mother glass	LCD panels for televisions are manufactured from "mother glasses"
set	The environment chosen or constructed for a scene or shot.
storyboard window	The Premiere window used to organize a group of clips into a sequence
cs-mount	A newer standard for lens mounting
blu-ray/hd-dvd	With these two formats two successors of the DVD push themselves on the market in the end of 2006
title	- Onscreen text (and associated graphics) that can be used to add information to your production
film scanner	Refers to a High Resolution Film to Data device that does not operate at "real-time".
dsd	Digital audio recording format used for the new SACD (Super Audio CD) developed by Sony
rs-232	A common interface standard for serial data communications equipment
tag	A standard format for the final sentence of script ending an ENG report. Identifies the reporter (name) and station affiliation.
vtc	Coded pulse sequences for the purpose of time moment identification, inserted in one or more TV lines (usually in the lines of the vertical blanking interval).
adr	Acronym for Automated Dialogue Replacement.
primary signals	Signals carrying information about intensity of Red (R), Green (G) and Blue (B) components of TV picture.
lumen	A light intensity produced by the luminosity of 1 candela in one radian of a solid angle.
fossilization	becoming inflexible or out of date
bit	A binary representation of 0 or 1
contribution	A form of video signal transmission where the destination is not the ultimate viewer, and from where some processing (e.g
compression	A mathematical method of reducing the amount of digital information needed to re-create a television picture or frame.
co-op	You know those books at the front of Barnes & Noble? Those books didn't hitchhike there themselves: that placement is typically paid for by the publisher
tilt	A camera movement in which the camera is rotated in the vertical axis
aspect	NTSC video is in an aspect ratio of 3 units high by 4 units wide.
vertical-temporal sampling	Two-dimensional sampling that occurs in every TV signal due to individual frames (which sample in time) and individual lines (which sample in the vertical direction)
color black	An analog video signal that displays a black screen
kilobyte	1024 (210) bytes
dublin core	A minimal set of metadata elements that creators or cataloguers can assign to information resources, regardless of the form of those resources, which can then be used for network resource discovery, especially on the World Wide Web.
u-matic	The standard format for 3/4 inch videocassette recorders
nbs	National Bureau of Standards(USA).
5.1	A surround sound system that uses three speakers across the front (right, left and center) and two stereo speakers in the rear (right and left), along with a subwoofer.
quantum jump	(physics) an abrupt transition of an electron or atom or molecule from one quantum state to another with the emission or absorption of a quantum
arc shot	A shot in which a moving camera circles round the subject being photographed.
sharpness	Parameter describing the reproduction of edges and contours in a TV picture
lighting	Lighting is crucial when shooting on a Red One camera: expert lighting produces maximum quality of the footage.
k	Kilo
s/n	Signal-to-noise ratio
video matrix switcher	A device for switching more than one camera, VCR, video printer and similar, to more than one monitor, VCR, video printer and similar
logical format	A file system such as ISO 9660 translates the sector-by-sector view of a compact disc into a virtual "tree" of directories and files, which makes it easier for both humans and computers to use the information on the disc
barcode	A unique code for a compact disc
active image area	Area of the display screen, occupied by TV program related picture.
flutter	A form of signal distortion caused by rapid fluctuations in the speed of a tape crossing a head assembly.
v-isan	Versioned ISAN (International Standard Audiovisual Number)
ccr	Area in the TV center dedicated to routing and switching functions.
bias	Magnetic field applied to the recording head separately from the programme signals itself to better align tape type.
hard wipe	Variant of Wipe with sharp boundary between background and foreground areas of TV picture.
wow	The slow fluctuation in speed of a transport mechanism which results in low frequency instability and distortion in playback of an audio or video tape.
test pattern	A chart with special patterns, placed in front of a television camera to generate a standard reference signal that can be used to adjust the camera and all equipment downstream.
roll-up	A two or three-dimensional digital video effect similar to Page Turn
time code or timecode	See Linear Time Code and Vertical interval Time Code
legacy	A term used to describe a hybrid disc that can be played in both a DVD player and a CD player.
lnb	Low noise block converter
one-hundred eighty degree rule	A rule of visual continuity which states that when dealing with two or more subjects, shots may only be cut together if they are taken from the same side of a line drawn through the subjects
power saving in standby	You can select whether the Freesat receiver switches to power saving mode in standby
earned rate	Cost of advertising based on advertiser's actual volume and frequency (where these affect the rate) during a contract rate specified in the original agreement.
bursts	A digital video effect in which an object appears to be split into a stream of particles emerging pseudo-randomly from the center of an object.
bit rate	The amount of data transported in a given amount of time, usually defined in Mega (Million) bits per second (Mbps)
o/p	Output.
t [unit]	The measurement unit describing the width of sine squared pulses and bar edges with reference to the nominal system bandwidth.
converting	The process of copying the information on one tape [or other media storage device] to another tape of the same or different format
xlr	A secure three (3) pronged audio-connector covered by a metal sheath often found on high quality audio / video equipment; a type of audio connector featuring three leads: two for the signal and one for overall system grounding
storyboard	- In video production, a series of cartoonlike panels drawn to describe a movie, shot by shot
rendering	The computer process of creating a special effect, animation or editing task
broadband	High-speed data transmission or a transmission medium in which a wide range or band of frequencies is available to transmit data, allowing more information to be transmitted in a given time frame
plug-in	Additions to software that can be installed afterwards
controlled vocabulary	An established list of terms from which an indexer or cataloguer may select when assigning descriptors or subject headings to a record
mux	An abbreviation of 'multiplexing' which is a method of joining of two or more data streams for co-transmission over the same hardware
bca	Burst cutting area
q-channel	One of the CD subcode channels
pal	Color TV broadcasting standard used mainly in Western Europe, Australia, most of Asia, and parts of South America and Africa, featuring 625 lines per frame and 50 frames per second
edit controller	Electronic console which allows the EDITOR to assemble or insert sections of a programme
aspect ratio	The shape of an image or frame, expressed as the width-to-height ratio
gbps	Gigabits/second
cie	Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage/International Commission on Illumination
imaging device	A vacuum tube or solid state device in which the vacuum tube light sensitive face plate or solid state light sensitive array provides an electronic signal from which an image can be created.
centaurus	Centaurus is the industry standard for high-end, uncompressed video I/O hardware.
gels	Colored squares of plastic material used on the front of lights to provide colored lighting on backgrounds and sets.
wash	Variant of Background with a gradual change from one color to another across the picture.
frame	Each individual photographic image making up the film
megapixel	Millions of pixels
multi-standard	A generic term describing equipment that will operate correctly with a variety of signals belonging to different Color TV Systems.
still frame	- A single image or single frame of a video clip
letterbox	When a wide-screen image is projected onto a television screen, a space is left on the top and bottom of the screen.
rostrum camera	A fixed camera mounted vertically for shooting complicated graphics or animation.
showreel	A showreel displays for example a director's, DoP's or editor's work on a DVD or the internet.
cd	Short for compact disc, an optical disc storage format developed by Philips and Sony.
bandwidth	A measure of the capacity of a circuit or channel -- the amount of information transferred between points within a specified time period.
dars	Digital Audio Reference Signal
interlace	Technique for increasing picture repetition rate without increasing bandwidth by dividing a frame into separate fields.
spars code	Acronym for the "Society of Professional Audio Recording Services"
jpeg2000	An acronym for "Joint Photographic Experts Group 2000"
gamma	A display setting related to the brightness of the middle tones of an image
bnc	Acronym for British Naval Connector or Bayonet Nut Connector or Bayonet Neill Concelman - a coaxial cable connector used extensively in professional television systems
psychographic	Describes consumers on the basis of some psychological trait, characteristics or life style.
bitstream recorder	A device capable of recording a stream of digital data but not necessarily able to process the data.
octave	A doubling of frequency
hypostereo	Using closely spaced cameras (e.g
memory	A computer's internal storage area
quadrature modulation	Balanced amplitude modulation and summation of in-phase, i
e to e	Electronics to Electronics
analog active lines	See: Active Lines.
interlaced scanning	Scanning by splitting the TV frame into 2 or more fields with the resulting frame raster formed by interleaving the lines of the split fields
page burn	A proprietary Snell digital video effect combining a pseudo-random wipe shape with a pseudo-random color edge.
double mirror	A digital effect where the displayed picture appears as though split by an imaginary line, one side having the original image and on the other side of the split is a complementary Mirror image.
color field	TV Field numbered with reference to the start of Color Frame
macroblock	In MPEG MP@ML, the four 8 x 8 blocks of luma information and two 8 x 8 blocks of chroma information form a 16 x 16 area of a video frame.
smpte label	A 16 byte number used to uniquely identify something
embedding	The process of combining one type of signal with another such that both signals can be transmitted using the standard of just one
jpeg	A still image file format developed by the Joint Photographic Experts Group that can compress photographic images into much smaller file sizes while sacrificing only a little image quality
cyanine	One type of organic dye used to form the data layer in CD-R discs
saturation	In color, the purity of that color
yaw	A term borrowed from aeronautics to describe the effective static rotation of the aircraft about an imaginary vertical pin
cyclic redundancy check	A standard error-detection code used to check the presence of bit errors in a block of data.
vob	Video object
live card	A card, usually about 11 x 14, used in television to display text or graphics to a camera.
pickup tube	A light-sensitive electron tube which is scanned by an electron beam to convert an image focused on the face of the tube into an electronic signal.
time lapse	Recording of a single frame(s) with a time interval between each recording.
chrominance	The color component (hue and saturation) of light, independent of luminance
rep firm	A station representative company that sells time on local stations ("spot time") or cable systems to national advertisers
serial digital [video] interface	Format, where 10-bit serialized video data are transmitted via BNC type connector or fiber-optical connector with clock rate:
amp	Ampere.
lux	A measurement of light intensity, which is used in photography for the comparison of camera sensitivities
font	A style of type
interline flicker	Artifact of interlaced television raster display due to coarse line pitch and low field rate
sata-2	Serial ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment)
bin	On non-linear editing systems the bin is an organization tool for one or more film scenes.
data compression	A techique that provides for the transmission or storage, without noticeable information loss, of fewer data bits than were originally used when the data was created.
anamorphic format	Viewed picture format with geometric deformation of the widescreen picture aimed to achieve full vertical screen occupation while using the conventional TV display.
progressive scan	A video scanning system that displays all lines of a frame in one pass
xlr	An audio connector characterized by three prongs covered by a metal sheath.
net sales	The number of actual sales after deducting returns
digital satellite service	MPEG-2-based digital transmission format (e.g., DirectTV).
chroma key	A video mixer-based electronic effect, in which a second video source is substituted for a color (or range of shades within a color) within a video shot. For example, a weather reporter stands in front of a green screen. A weather map (the 2nd video source) replaces the green background using the chroma key effect.
hue	Attribute of a visual sensation according to which an area appears to be similar to one of the perceived colors, red, yellow, green, and blue, or to a combination of two of them
vertical interval switching	Switching based on circuits that delay switching from one picture source to another until the picture source being switched to is between fields, or in the vertical interval.
dts	Digital Theater Sound
cut	(film) an immediate transition from one shot to the next
oversampling	Sampling with a rate much higher that Nyquist rate, e
close	End of a time period (closing date or hour) in which an advertisement must be received for a certain issue; deadline.
pixel aspect ratio	The ratio of a pixel's width to its height
ebu	European Broadcasting Union.
ground	A connection to the chassis or a common return path, or an actual connection to the earth in an electrical device.
helical scan	A method of recording video information on a tape resulting in recorded parallel tracks that run diagonally across the tape from one edge to the other.
dsd	Direct Stream Digital
serial-to-parallel converter	Device for the conversion digital video data from serial interface format to parallel interface format.
dc	Direct current
adapter	A device used to achieve compatibility between two items of audio/video equipment.
hardcover	Books that are bound in cardboard or some other sturdy fashion, possibly featuring a dust jacket, and usually retailing at a higher price than paperbacks.
aac	Advanced audio coder
demux	An abbreviation for 'de-multiplexing' which is the separation of Multiplexed data streams for dispersal to different devices
css	Cascaded Style Sheets - a way of creating a number of web pages which will all use the same styles for their fonts and tables etc.
d/a	1
din	An international connector standard
color temperature	A method for specifying the overall color of a light source, measured in degrees Kelvin (°K)
bars and red	Popular two-part Test Matrix with standard color bars above red field
aspect ratio	The ratio between the height and width of the TV picture on the screen
vertical sync group	A group of pulses occupying several lines in the vertical blanking interval
picture	In video terms, a single still image or a sequence of moving images
aspect ratio	The ratio of width to height in a picture
differential amplification	Method of amplifying a signal, in which the output signal is a function of the difference between two input signals.
pluge	Acronym for Picture Line-Up Generating Equipment
throw distance	Length of the projection beam required for a projector to produce an image of a desired size.
interlaced	In an interlaced video system, only half of the lines making up the frame are shot at a time