Glossary extracted starting with manual seeds, with BOW for the domain roy and language EN

ancilla	Latin word for "female servant."
aïeul	French word for "grandfather."
adellijk	Dutch word for "noble, titled."
amish	Members of the Old Order Amish Mennonite Church who followed the strict teachings of Jakob Ammann and broke from the Swiss Mennonites in the late 1600s
annexed	"Attached, attached to." For example: The United States annexed Texas in 1845.
agnatus	Latin word for "blood relative in the male line."
akatolicki	Polish word for "non-Catholic."
african-american	A term generally used in the United States to describe residents of African descent.
anzidetta	Italian word for "aforesaid."
allá	Spanish word for "there."
chopper	nbsp· chopsticks
autio	Finnish word for "uninhabited."
bongrace	A flat, square cap with a short flap of velvet on each side.
allí	Spanish word for "there."
chintz	A many colored cloth, often floral, and with a pleasingly smooth "shine" for texture.
hantverkare	Craftsmen / artisan
a casa	Italian word for "at home."
address	The street or mailing location where a person or a business is located or may be communicated with.
affirmavit	Latin word for "he/she affirmed, confirmed, asserted."
chopsticks	nbsp· chord
ascendente	Portuguese word for "ancestor."
årsdag	Danish word for "anniversary."
annar	Icelandic word for "second."
år	Danish, Norwegian and Swedish word for "year."
faster	Aunt (father's sister)
druzhyna	Drużyna (Russian and Ukrainian: дружина) (Slavic drug (друг) meaning "companion" or "friend" related to Germanic drotiin, Proto-Germanic *druhtinaz meaning "war band") (historical) A detachment of select troops in East Slav countries who performed service for a chieftain, later knyaz
adulterium	Latin word for "adultery."
accanto	Italian word for "beside."
parisian mob	A full round cap of fine linen or cotton with a puffed crown and a ruffled border.
à jour	French word for "current."
ættegransking	Norwegian word for "genealogy."
aikainen	Finnish word for "early, (A.M.)."
altbürger	German word for "full citizen."
vigsel	Marriage
dödsfödd	Stillborn
äktenskap	Marriage
après-demain	French word for "the day after tomorrow."
knekt	Soldier
allemania	Latin word for "Germany."
arpent	French word for "acre."
antiquus	Latin word for "old, senior."
apteekkari	Finnish word for "pharmacist, druggist."
assessore comunale	Italian word for "alderman."
ante	Latin word for "before, in front of, prior to."
au matin	French word for "in the morning."
altyd	Afrikaans word for "always."
aderlating	Dutch word for "bleeding, bloodletting."
acquiescat	Latin word for "he/she reposes, dies, is content with."
august	Danish and Norwegian word for "August."
anni	Italian word for "years."
administration bond	A written statement posted by the administrator of an estate guaranteeing that he or she will faithfully perform the tasks assigned by the probate court.
namn	Name
aivokuume	Finnish word for "encephalitis, inflammation of the brain."
ainsi que	French word for "as well as."
abbracciatutto	Italian word for "jack-of-all-trades."
adjutant	An officer in the army, air force, or marines who helps other higher-ranking officers with tasks such as correspondence.
akten	German word for "documents."
avia	Latin word for "grandmother."
ægteskabelig	Danish word for "marital, conjugal."
landskap	Province
acte de sépulture	French word for "burial record."
ätt	Swedish word for "family."
armentarius	Latin word for "herdsman."
barbette	A piece of white linen pinned to a woman's hair at each side of the head and draped around the chin and in front of the neck
ämbete	Swedish word for "office."
ayant	French word for "having."
attesa	Italian word for "awaiting."
absceso	Spanish word for "abscess."
ammatti	Finnish word for "profession, occupation."
värnpliktig	A person liable for military service, a military (national) serviceman, conscript
april	Danish, Norwegian and Swedish word for "April."
allí te estás	A term used in Catholic Church registers to describe a person from Spanish-speaking Latin America whose ancestry is a mix of Indian, African, and Caucasian
apodo	Spanish word for "nickname."
adulterio	Spanish word for "adultery."
kön	Sex (male/female)
amiralitetet	The Admiralty (Navy)
äiti	Finnish word for "mother."
angeblich	German word for "alleged, assumed."
ark	One of the two ships that brought Catholic and Protestant English settlers to the western shore of Chesapeake Bay in 1634
nationalitet	Nationallity
anjo	Portuguese word for "angel, deceased child."
agricola	Latin word for "farmer."
flottan	The Navy
lärling	Apprentice
chocked	nbsp· chocolate
consort	1) a husband or wife, especially the spouse of a monarch
alibi	Latin word for "elsewhere, at another time."
acougueiro	Portuguese word for "butcher."
aún	Spanish word for "still."
adelsbonde	Freeholder, farmer
rulla	Record, roll
rakt uppstigande led	In lineal (the direct line of) ascent (kinship)
abstersus	Latin word for "baptized."
allowance docket	A list of court-ordered payments.
mayfair	The fanciest residential area of London, about a half a mile square in size
angiven	Swedish word for "given, stated."
sockenstämma	Local administration council
átta	Icelandic word for "eight."
aleuts	The native people who have traditionally lived on the Aleutian Islands, off the coast of Alaska
ærbødig	Norwegian word for "respectful."
anima	Latin word for "soul, spirit." Animam reddidit domino suo means "he/she returned the soul to his/her Lord (died)."
achtzigste	German word for "eightieth."
alles	Afrikaans word for "all, everything."
sennight	A contraction of 'seven night,' meaning a week.
ac	Latin word for "and."
archivo	Spanish word for "archive."
arvelodd	Norwegian word for "share of inheritance."
silhouette	An outline drawing of a person, usually in profile and filled in with shadow
barbarnsbarn	Great-grandchildren
admiral of the fleet	The highest-ranking officer in the British navy.
scb utdragen	Civil registration
piga	Maid
okänd fader	Father unknown
aannemen	Dutch word for "to adopt (a child), to assume, to take on."
aangenomen naam	Dutch word for "named, alias, also known as, assumed name, accepted surname."
chippy	nbsp· chips
árbol	Spanish word for "tree."
adó	Hungarian word for "tax."
avskedad	Swedish word for "discharged, resigned."
landsfiskal	District police superintendent (and public prosecutor)
acid free	Acid in poor quality paper causes the destruction of documents and photographs
achtenswaardig	Dutch word for "respectable, honorable."
forskning	Research
absolvere	Danish and Norwegian word for "to give absolution."
agtien	Afrikaans word for "eighteen."
arvskifte	Swedish word for "distribution of an inherited estate."
afskrif	Afrikaans word for "duplicate, transcript."
arpète	French word for "errand boy, apprentice."
achtzehnte	German word for "eighteenth."
choicest	nbsp· choir
äußere	German word for "outside, outward, external."
ældre	Danish word for "older, elder."
arton	Swedish word for "eighteen."
abavia	Latin word for "great-great-grandmother."
áttundi	Icelandic word for "eighth."
anmerkungen	German word for "remarks."
agterkleinkind	Afrikaans word for "great-grandchild."
abuo	Latin word for "I baptize, I wash."
admiralty court	A court with jurisdiction over ships and seamen
trädgårdsmästare	Master Gardener
arapaho indians	A tribe of Native Americans living in the Great Plains from southern Canada to northern Texas.
agterkleindogter	Afrikaans word for "great-granddaughter."
håll och stygn	Pneumonia
achterkleinzoon	Dutch word for "great-grandson."
chiv	nbsp· chivalric
azúcar	Spanish word for "sugar."
à cinq heures	French word for "at 5 o'clock."
alder	Danish and Norwegian word for "age."
ort	Place
agente	Italian word for "agent."
achte	German word for "eighth."
absolution	French word for "absolution, last rites."
apellido	Spanish word for "surname."
abitus est	Latin word for "he/she died, went away."
auglýsing	Icelandic word for "proclamation."
äpärä	Finnish word for "illegitimate child."
bar	Many towns have a street name 'Bar' as bar is an old word for gate.
regemente	Regiment
assessor	Deputy judge
amtmand	Danish word for "chief county administrator."
acicularius	Latin word for "needle maker."
ættfaðir	Icelandic word for "ancestor."
barnbarn	Grandchildren
indenture	This is an old word for contract.
administração	Portuguese word for "administration."
autre	French word for "other."
gubernia	guberniia, gubernya) was a major administrative subdivision of the Imperial Russia, usually translated as governorate or province.
annettu	Finnish word for "given."
kommun	Municipality
aut	Latin word for "or."
afton	Swedish word for "evening."
alue	Finnish word for "region, district."
arzt	German word for "physician."
ami	French word for "friend."
avgått	Swedish word for "moved."
ærlig	Danish and Norwegian word for "honest."
afi	Icelandic word for "grandfather."
altergang	Norwegian word for "Communion."
auf	German word for "on, upon, at."
militärtjänstgöring	Military service
chlorine	nbsp· chlorophyll
atd.	Czech word for "and so forth."
adoptert	Norwegian word for "adopted."
authority	The right and power to make decisions, take action, enforce law, or influence others.
andere	German word for "other, next."
landshövding	County Governor
kavalleri / rytteri	Cavalry
acre	Portuguese and Spanish word for "acre."
aufenthaltsort	German word for "residence."
appena	Italian word for "as soon as."
archivi	Italian word for "archives."
ár	Icelandic word for "year."
adhuc	Latin word for "as yet, still."
atto di matrimonio	Italian word for "marriage certificate."
ablutus est	Latin word for "he was baptized."
avionrikkoja	Finnish word for "adulterer."
anabaptiste	French word for "Mennonite."
archives nationales	French word for "state archives (France)".
länsman	Chief Constable (UK) / Sheriff (US) A länsman was a local police officer and had the authority to act as a police and proceed with police work. See also "fjärdningsman" (deputy).
chancery lane	A street in West London that houses an abundance of legal offices, featured prominently in literary works concerning the English legal system, including Dickens' Bleak House.
administration of estate	A legal document appointing a person to supervise the distribution of an estate belonging to a person who died intestate (without a will)
alderdomssvakhet	Norwegian word for "weakness of old age."
mormishka	Marmooska (Russian: мормышка) (from Russian mormysh meaning "freshwater shrimp" (Gammaurus) A type of fishing lure or a jig.
æði	Icelandic word for "panic."
grosshandlare	Wholesale dealer, wholesaler
avsomna	Swedish word for "die, death."
sharaga	Sharazhka (Russian: шара́шка IPA: [ʂɐˈraʂkə]) (Russian slang for expression sharashkina kontora "Sharashka's office", possibly from the radical meaning "to beat about", an ironic, derogatory term to denote a poorly organized, impromptu, or bluffing organization) (historical) Informal name for the secret research and development laboratories in the Soviet Union's Gulag labor camp system.
svägerska	Sister-in-law
anglia	Latin word for "England."
lösdrivare	Vagrant
anniversaire	French word for "anniversary."
archiepiscopus	Latin word for "archbishop."
repslagare	Rope-maker
annuals index	One of two indexes that comprise the PERiodical Source Index (PERSI)
gallantry	nbsp· politesse
agste	Afrikaans word for "eighth."
ärkebiskop	Archbishop
arv	Inheritance
chlorophyll	nbsp· chocked
chippings	nbsp· chippy
annuale	Italian word for "annual, yearly."
anmerkning	Norwegian word for "remark, notice, note."
alsacien	French word for "Alsatian."
apprentice indenture	A record that documents an agreement between a master and an apprentice or the apprentice's legal guardian.
alemão	Portuguese word for "German."
arzobispo	Spanish word for "archbishop."
archives du royaume	French word for "state archives (Belgium)."
acordo	Portuguese word for "agreement."
avgång	Swedish word for "departure."
archdeacons' transcripts	Copies of parish registers sent by Church of England parish ministers to their archdeacons each year
manorial lord	in Saxon England, a minor territorial nobleman in the manorial system (which existed prior to the Normans' introduction of the feudal system) which rank survives today without entitlement to a nobiliary style of address.
alemán	Spanish word for "German."
arbejder	Danish word for "laborer."
aateli	Finnish word for "noble."
adoption	A legal process in which the rights, privileges, and duties of caring for a child are transferred from the natural parent(s) to another individual or couple.
avond	Dutch word for "evening, (in the evening)."
abscessus	Latin word for "death."
aina	Finnish word for "always."
fattigjon	Pauper
bovate	In the Middle Ages the amount of land one ox could plough in one year
adopté	French word for "adopted."
kusin	Cousin
chaperon	The servant, mother, or married female family friend who supervised eligible young girls in public.
ao	Portuguese word for "to the (masculine)."
mästarbrev	A craftsmans diploma or certificate
biggin	A cap men wore to bed which tied under the chin with laces or ribbon.
rakt nedstigande led	A lineal (direct) descendant of..
fånge	Prisoner
skopets	also Skoptsy, Skoptzi, Skoptsi, Scoptsy (Russian: скопцы, from Russian meaning "castrated one") (historical) A Russian religious sect that practiced self-castration.
archdeaconry	An ecclesiastical division within a diocese that is headed by an archdeacon
af	Danish word for "of, at, by, from."
ajaja	Finnish word for "coachman."
statsminister	Prime Minister
âgé	French word for "aged."
svenska kyrkan	Church of Sweden
anno	Danish word for "year."
auditor's books	Books containing information about personal payments for provisions, sewing, nursing, and wagon use during the Revolutionary War
aangenome naam	Afrikaans word for "alias."
amptenaar	Afrikaans word for "official."
antall	Norwegian word for "number, count."
avkom	Norwegian word for "offspring, issue."
autorisation	French word for "permission."
annan	Swedish word for "other."
apprenti	French word for "apprentice."
ægtefælle	Danish word for "spouse."
alien's intention	The first legal document an alien files when he or she wishes to become a citizen of the United States
außen	German word for "outside."
augusztus	Hungarian word for "August."
acquietus est	Latin word for "he died."
släktforskare	Genealogists
handelsman	Merchant
kronofogde	County Police Commissioner (UK) / Enforcement Officer (US)
åtta	Swedish word for "eight."
aivotärähdys	Finnish word for "concussion."
brylling/fyrmänning	Third Cousin
agosto	Portuguese and Spanish word for "August."
ani	Czech word for "not even."
kyrkbokföring	Parish regestration
anders genoem	Afrikaans word for "alias, also known as, differently called."
aldrig	Swedish word for "never."
accola	Latin word for "local resident."
aprendiz	Portuguese and Spanish word for "apprentice."
amo	Spanish word for "master, owner."
strelitz	plural strelitzes or strelitzi (Russian: стрельцы) (Russian strelets "bowman") (historical) Units of armed guardsmen created by Ivan the Terrible in the 16th century and later abolished by Peter the Great.
asevelvollinen	Finnish word for "conscript soldier."
acte de baptême	French word for "baptismal record."
amarelo	Portuguese word for "yellow."
dynasty	family that reigns with sovereign authority over a nation or state during a succession of dynasts or for several generations.
vapensköld	Coat of arms (escutcheon)
áttugasti	Icelandic word for "eightieth."
american indians	The original inhabitants of North and South America
artifact	An object
farfar	Grandfather (father's fathers or paternal grandfather)
anført	Danish word for "entered, mentioned."
choice	nbsp· choicest
aika	Finnish word for "time, date."
albei	Afrikaans word for "both."
andrea leonardo collection	A collection of research files about South Carolina families.
annus	Latin word for "year."
aluguél	Portuguese word for "rent."
adoptowany	Polish word for "adopted."
aldri	Danish and Norwegian word for "never."
armorial	An alphabetical list of people entitled to use a coat of arms
anmærkning	Danish word for "remark, notice, note."
atten	Danish and Norwegian word for "eighteen."
adress	Swedish word for "address."
acuerdos	The Spanish term for an agreement or settlement.
anmärkningar	Swedish word for "remarks, annotations."
appresso	Italian word for "after, the next."
arrende	Tenancy
aprilis	Latin word for "of April."
août	French word for "August."
brorson	Nephew
perjury	The making of false allegations under oath.
accoucheuse	French word for "midwife."
alliance	French word for "marriage."
herrgård	Country estate, Manor
au soir	French word for "in the evening."
asiakirja	Finnish word for "document, record."
antes	Portuguese and Spanish word for "before."
konfirmation	Confirmation
asunto	Finnish word for "residence."
amitinus	Latin word for "cousin, (child of father's sister)."
aamu	Finnish word for "morning."
ambagsman	Afrikaans word for "artisan, tradesman, workman."
earl	in Great Britain, a peerage title of Anglo-Saxon origin, analogous in grade to the Continental title of count.
aukko	Finnish word for "gap (missing records)."
dotter	Daughter
anyós	Hungarian word for "mother-in-law."
actum	Latin word for "record."
appearance docket	A book containing minutes or abstracts of court appearances.
aikanaan	Finnish word for "in due time."
altresì	Italian word for "also, too."
appartenenza religiosa	Italian word for "religious affiliation."
ogift	Unmarried / single
prästgård	Vicarage (UK), parsonage (US), rectory, minister's house
abend	German word for "evening."
anglican church	A group of churches that are part of the Anglican Communion, which developed from the Church of England
syssling/tremänning	Second Cousin
arvinge	Swedish word for "heir."
legosoldater/legoknektar	Mercenaries
apprentice record	Documentation about an apprenticeship, which was a legal arrangement in which an individual, usually a child, worked for the master of a trade to learn the trade
amma	Icelandic word for "grandmother."
azul	Portuguese and Spanish word for "blue."
ab	German word for "from, since."
addì	Italian word for "on the day."
ægtaviigder	Icelandic word for "married, marriages."
ago	Spanish word for "August."
bouppteckning	Estate inventory proceeding
protestanter	Protestants
ascendiente	Spanish word for "ancestor."
alle ore sedici	Italian word for "at the sixteenth hour (4:00 p.m.)."
almeno	Italian word for "at least."
katolik	Catholic
chirp	nbsp· chisel
atya	Hungarian word for "father."
hanseatic league	In 1241 two German towns, Hamburg and Lubeck formed an alliance called a hanse to protect their trading interests
asuinpaikka	Finnish word for "place of residence."
aftægt	Danish word for "support received after giving up an estate."
nobility	1) the state of hereditary and lawfully privileged aristocracy recognised in a person by a sovereign nation
ackermann	German word for "farmer."
altersschwäche	German word for "weakness of old age."
åsted	Norwegain word for "where event took place (place of event)."
asukas	Finnish word for "inhabitant, resident, lodger."
assemblies	Large scale evening gatherings for the gentry or aristocracy
krigsarkivet	Swedish Military Record Office / War Archive
allegheny mountains	The mountain range that runs from Pennsylvania to Virginia
black monks	A common name for members of the Benedictine Order, derived from the color of their habits.
amarillo	Spanish word for "yellow."
läkare	Physician
anbauer	German word for "peasant."
atlas	A book or computerized collection of geographical maps and charts.
ancestral file number	A number used to identify each record in Ancestral File.
anfald	Danish word for "seizures."
gästgivare	Innkeeper
set	A group of dancers
allen county public library	A public library in Ft
anglais	French word for "English."
almisse	Alms
asi	Czech word for "perhaps, about, maybe, circa."
ai	French word for "I have."
abbiente	Italian word for "owner."
adlig	Swedish word for "noble."
tullen	Customs
patronymikon	Patronymic
ágúst	Icelandic word for "August."
attacco	Italian word for "seizure."
svenska stormaktstiden	The Swedish Great Power period
aphotækar	Icelandic word for "pharmacist."
arroz	Portuguese word for "rice."
chip	nbsp· chipper
kyrkböcker	Church records / Parish register
allekirjoittanut	Finnish word for "undersigned."
aucun	French word for "no, none."
kyrka	Church
garnison	Garrison
arquibispo	Portuguese word for "archbishop."
husar	Light cavalryman
anciano	Spanish word for "elderly."
ambtenaar	Dutch word for "official, registrar, civil servant, clerk."
egendom	Property / estate
aanval	Dutch word for "stroke, attack."
ad	Latin word for "to, at, in, for, towards."
chieftain	1) in Ireland, the hereditary head of a sept or noble family, esp
bror	Brother
anya	Hungarian word for "mother."
begravning	Burial / funeral
sterbhus	Estate of a deceased person
ägor	Swedish word for "land, property."
mormor	Grandmother (mother's mother or maternal grandmother)
dräng	Farm hand
ajomies	Finnish word for "coachman."
archaic word	A word that is no longer used or that has a meaning that has changed substantially over time.
aurifaber	Latin word for "goldsmith."
absentee landlords	Landowners who lived far away from the area they owned
señor	1) Spanish title of courtesy placed before a man's name, formerly employed as an address reserved for noblemen
byliny	Starina (Russian: были́на) (Adaptation of Old Russian bylina a word that occurred only The Song of Igor's Campaign and taken to mean "tale of a past event"; The term "bylina" came into use in the 1830s as a scholarly name for what is popularly called "starina"; although byliny originated in the 10th century, or possibly earlier, they were first written down about the 17th century) A traditional form of Old Russian and Russian epic and heroic narrative poetry (transmitted orally) of the early East Slavs of Kievan Rus from the 10th to 12th century, a tradition that continued in Russian and Ukrainian history.
ære	Norwegian word for "honor."
asema	Finnish word for "station, class, standing."
anden	Danish word for "second."
appartiene	Italian word for "pertains."
frankish succession	inheritance of property, such as a landed estate, by the eldest son of a vassal or other feudatory.
auriga	Latin word for "driver."
annual return	A yearly report made by the administrator or executor of an estate to a probate court.
ankom	Swedish word for "came, arrived."
ålderdom	Swedish word for "old age."
födelse	Birth
äga	Swedish word for "own."
amman	German word for "bailiff, magistrate."
abdormivit	Latin word for "he/she died."
officer	Officer
dynast	1) hereditary ruler who reigns by right of being the head of a dynasty
pastorat	Parish
farmor	Grandmother (father's mother or paternal grandmother)
aprile	Italian word for "April."
aviaticus	Latin word for "nephew."
antiguo	Spanish word for "old, ancient."
adopteret	Danish word for "adopted."
aanneem	Afrikaans word for "to adopt (a child)."
alltid	Norwegian and Swedish word for "always."
syster	Sister
aannemingsdag	Dutch word for "day of confirmation."
ágostai	Hungarian word for "Evangelical (Lutheran)."
apache indians	A group of Native American tribes of the southwestern United States.
agto	Spanish word for "August."
agentis	Latin word for "of the official."
akur	Icelandic word for "field."
amt	The Danish word for county.
skogsvaktare	Forest ranger or forester
rekrytering	Recruitment
husförhör	Household examination
hytta	Smelting house
afholdsbevægelsen	The Temperance Movement
aláirás	Hungarian word for "signature."
augusti	Latin and Swedish word for "of August."
arkisto	Finnish word for "archive."
amanuense	Spanish word for "scribe, clerk."
åttio	Swedish word for "eighty (eightieth)."
aïeule	French word for "grandmother."
alsó	Hungarian word for "lower."
aviovaimo	Finnish word for "wife."
ægte	Danish word for "legitimate."
american lutheran church archives	The central archives of the American Lutheran Church.
alle	Danish, German, and Norwegian word for "all."
altre volte	Italian word for "formerly."
affidavit	A voluntarily written declaration of facts that is confirmed by the oath of the individual making the declaration and witnessed by an individual having authority to administer such an oath.
födelseboken	Birth records
arvo	Finnish word for "title, rank, status."
arbeiter	German word for "laborer, worker."
abuela	Spanish word for "grandmother."
chokecherry	nbsp· choleric
avere	Italian word for "to have."
après-midi	French word for "afternoon."
mathematical tripos	So named because of the medieval tradition in which academic examiners would sit on a three-legged stool, "Tripos" is the name of the honours course at Cambridge University.
abitare	Italian word for "to live."
albacea	Spanish word for "executor of estate."
arrendator	Swedish word for "tenant farmer, leaseholder."
aliud	Latin word for "other, another."
choleric	nbsp· chopfallen
átjándi	Icelandic word for "eighteenth."
komminister/kaplan	Assistant parish minister, assistant vicar (rector) (Church)
actes de tutelle	A French term for guardianship agreement.
appellate jurisdiction	The authority of a court to review and revise decisions made by lower courts.
avôs	Portuguese word for "grandparents."
áttérés	Hungarian word for "conversion."
ali	Portuguese word for "there."
allemand	French word for "German."
aqua	Latin word for "water."
aszkór	Hungarian word for "dehydration."
archiwum	Polish word for "archive."
aparecer	Portuguese and Spanish word for "to appear."
afgift	Danish word for "duty, monetary fee."
anniversario	Italian word for "anniversary."
amita	Latin word for "aunt, father's sister."
aften	Danish and Norwegian word for "evening."
altid	Danish word for "always."
ännu	Swedish word for "yet, still."
achtzehn	German word for "eighteen."
äitipuoli	Finnish word for "stepmother."
gift	Married
cinque ports	From the 11th century to the early 16th century five (French cinque) ports supplied the king with ships in time of war in return for certain privileges
arrondissement	An administrative division of some large cities in France or the largest division of a department in the French government.
andra	Swedish word for "second, others."
accoucher	French word for "give birth."
außer dienst	German word for "formerly employed, retired."
åbo	Swedish word for "tenant farmer with conditional, inherited lease."
anførelse	Danish word for "statement, quotation."
appraisal	The process of determining the value of property, such as a deceased individual's estate or a document stating the value of property.
alus	Finnish word for "ship."
medelpad	Province of Medelpad
adjutor	Latin word for "assistant."
abuelo	Spanish word for "grandfather."
attained	Achieved, reached a goal, as in Hawaii attained statehood.
avioton	Finnish word for "unmarried, illegitimate."
adoptiert	German word for "adopted."
autant	French word for "as much."
artífice	Portuguese word for "journeyman."
aki	Hungarian word for "who."
artefice	Italian word for "maker."
anden gang	Danish word for "second time."
morfars far	Great-grandfather (on the mother's side)
agyláz	Hungarian word for "brain fever."
morfar	Grandfather (mother's fathers or maternal grandfather)
american loyalist	An American colonist who remained loyal to the King of England during the Revolutionary War
gallärflottan	Galley Feet
arrière	French word for "great (as in great-grandparents)."
faddrar	Witnesses (at baptism)
aflausn	Icelandic word for "public remission of sins."
chintzy	nbsp· chip
arving	Norwegian word for "heir."
ambedue	Italian word for "both."
allevatore	Italian word for "animal feeder."
arbre généalogique	French word for "family tree, pedigree."
atrás	Portuguese word for "behind, in back of."
albo	Polish word for "or."
arv	Danish, Norwegian and Swedish word for "inheritance."
angeber	German word for "informant."
achterkleindochter	Dutch word for "great-granddaughter."
adelig	Danish and Norwegian word for "noble."
agt-en-twintigste	Afrikaans word for "twenty-eighth."
agency records	Records kept by an agency of the United States government, such as the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) or the Bureau of Land Management (BLM).
april	Dutch and German word for "April."
åbo	Tenant farmer with a conditional, inherited lease
hammarsmedsämbetet	The guild for hammersmiths
advocatus	Latin word for "lawyer."
abuelos	Spanish word for "grandparents."
a	Latin word for "from, by."
agricultor	Spanish word for "farmer."
generaldirektör	Agency Director (US)
archival quality	Acid-free folders, acid-free boxes, and archival-safe plastic sleeves made of polyester, polypropylene, or polyethylene are archival quality and the only safe way to store documents and photographs.
esquire	Title conferring no rights or privileges but simply an intangible sort of dignity and theoretically membership in the landed gentry of one who had no other title.
avanti di	Italian word for "before."
abril	Spanish and Portuguese word for "April."
gästgiveri	Inn
aamupäivä	Finnish word for "forenoon."
källa	Source of information
avgått med döden	Swedish word for "died (departed through death)."
aldur	Icelandic word for "age."
arbeider	Afrikaans, Dutch and Norwegian word for "laborer."
algum	Portuguese word for "some."
brud	Bride
asztma	Hungarian word for "asthma."
the popovtsy	or Popovschina (Russian: поповцы, поповщина, translated as "priestist people") A branch of the Old Believers who strived to have priests of their own.
archivum	Latin word for "archive."
allegati	Italian word for "supplements."
fort/borg	Fortress
astma	Norwegian word for "asthma."
ayuntamiento	Spanish word for "city hall, town government."
avant	French word for "former, before."
riksarkivet	The National Archive
fältväbel	Sergeant major
annus bissextus	Latin word for "leap year."
adresboek	Dutch word for "directory."
podzol	Spodosol (Russian pod "under" and zol "ash") Any group of soils characterized by greyish-white leached and infertile topsoil and a brown subsoil, typicially found in regions with a subpolar climate.
acte de naissance	French word for "birth certificate, record."
árvore genealógica	Portuguese word for "genealogical tree."
alla	Finnish word for "under."
anglo-american	An English-speaking person of European descent who is living in the United States.
bataljon	Battalion
azonkívül	Hungarian word for "besides, in addition to."
apostolies	Afrikaans word for "Apostolic."
avdød	Norwegian word for "deceased."
assisted emigrant	Between 1815 and 1900, qualified emigrants received passage money or land grants in their destination country as an alternative to receiving poor relief
snickare	Carpenter
värvning	Enrolment, enlistment
åttonde	Swedish word for "eighth."
além	Portuguese word for "beyond."
aftægtskone	The wife of the former owner/copyholder, now pensioned, who receives contractual support from the successor on the farm.
ankomst	Danish and Norwegian word for "arrival."
attest	Danish, Norwegian and Swedish word for "certificate."
ældst	Danish word for "oldest, eldest."
auch	German word for "also, too."
agt-en-twintig	Afrikaans word for "twenty-eight."
ante meridiem	Latin word for "before noon (A.M.)."
alapos	Hungarian word for "thorough."
aikaisempi	Finnish word for "earlier."
achtzehnhundert	German word for "eighteen hundred."
aftakket	Retired (usually a soldier or boatswain/sailor).
flytta	Move
chief	in Scotland, the hereditary head of a noble family, usu
acatholicus	Latin word for "non-Catholic, Protestant."
ægteskab	Danish word for "marriage."
andast	Icelandic word for "die."
chives	nbsp· chlamydia
aardrijkskundig woordenboek	Dutch word for "gazetteer."
benefice	A grant of land given to a member of the aristocracy, a Bishop, or a monastery, for limited or hereditary use, in exchange for services
adesso	Italian word for "now."
annuity payment	A record that documents the payment of an annuity, which is a payment that is made annually or regularly at another interval.
residensstad	County seat or County capital
ånd	Norwegian word for "spirit."
anno domini	Latin word for "in the year of (our) Lord."
ata	Portuguese word for "record, document."
mantalslängd	Tax/census records
apprendista	Italian word for "apprentice."
abiatico	Italian word for "grandson."
ab hoc mense	Latin word for "from this month on."
asztalos	Hungarian word for "cabinet maker; joiner; woodworker."
avril	French word for "April."
az	Hungarian word for "the."
brorsdotter	Niece
afdød	Danish word for "deceased."
åndsvak	Norwegian word for "mentally deficient."
landed gentry	armigerous segment of the gentry whose wealth and social position traditionally were based on the ownership of land or the hereditary privileges associated with landholding.
atti diversi	Italian word for "miscellaneous records."
ainoa	Finnish word for "only."
állapotos	Hungarian word for "pregnant."
hustru	Spouse, wife
algodão	Portuguese word for "cotton."
smelling bottle	A bottle filled with smelling salts (usually a compound containing ammonia) to be used in case of fainting.
afogamento	Portuguese word for "drowning."
prinsessa	Princess
apostólico	Portuguese and Spanish word for "apostolic."
smed / mästersven	Smith, after 4 years as an apprentice, i.e
atto di morte	Italian word for "death certificate."
arkistoluettelo	Finnish word for "archive list."
att	Swedish word for "that (know that he died)."
abdormitus	Latin word for "died."
abaixo-assinado	Portuguese word for "undersigned."
andedictus	Latin word for "aforesaid."
military-religious orders	also equestrian
abjuro	Latin word for "to renounce by oath."
alsace-lorraine	Two regions in modern-day France that are located along the German border
avliden	Swedish word for "deceased, death."
barnmorska	Midwife
assento	Portuguese word for "record, entry."
an	French word for "year."
afgangen	Deceased
aufenthaltserlaubnis	German word for "residence permit."
aviopuoliso	Finnish word for "spouse."
lipovan	Lipovans also Russian Old Believers (Ukrainian: липовани) A religious sect that separated from the Russian Orthodox Church in the 17th century.
achtundzwanzigste	German word for "twenty-eighth."
árvore	Portuguese word for "tree."
stift	Diocese
abavus	Latin word for "great-great-grandfather, ancestor."
aequalis	Latin word for "equal."
party of popular freedom	informally called Kadets, or Cadets from the abbreviation K-D of the party name [the term was political, and not related to military students who are called cadets]) (historical) A liberal political party in Tsarist Russia founded in 1905, it largely dissolved after the Russian Civil War.
cut	Form of social discouragement that involved pretending not to know or see a person who was trying to be acknowledged
hemvist	Residence
archdiocese	An ecclesiastical division that is headed by an archbishop.
avtale	Norwegian word for "agreement."
alemannus	Latin word for "German."
association	An organization of people who have common interests or goals.
burgonet	Steel cap with chin-piece; from 16th century armour.
nämndeman	Courts in Sweden don't have a system with juries
ghoul	an evil demon, originally of Oriental legend, supposed to feed on human beings, and especially to rob graves, prey on corpses, etc
achttien	Dutch word for "eighteen."
albus	Latin word for "white."
abends	German word for "in the evening."
antavla	Swedish word for "pedigree chart."
aand	Afrikaans word for "evening."
arve	Danish word for "inherit."
aroostook war	A dispute in 1839 about the boundary between the state of Maine and what is now the Canadian province of New Brunswick
albañil	Spanish word for "stonemason."
avo paterno	Italian word for "paternal grandfather."
husförhörslängd	Clerical survey or household examination roll
algodón	Spanish word for "cotton."
aber	German word for "but."
aîné	French word for "the older, senior."
godsägare	Landed proprietor, landowner, estate owner, land lord
aegyptus	Latin word for "gypsy."
abiit	Latin word for "he/she died."
achtste	Dutch word for "eighth."
akt	Polish word for "an entry in a register, record."
albino	A term used in Catholic Church registers to describe a person from Spanish-speaking Latin America whose ancestry is African and Caucasian
act book	A day-by-day account of probate court actions
ancestor	An individual from whom one is descended.
achternaam	Dutch word for "surname, last name."
revenant	a person who returns as a spirit after death; a ghost
sjukhus	Hospital
abuela paterna	Spanish word for "paternal grandmother."
acra	Latin word for "acre."
linjeskepp	Ships of the line
autour	French word for "around."
áttértek	Hungarian word for "persons converted."
aviomies	Finnish word for "husband."
altura	Portuguese and Spanish word for "height."
svärdsidan	The male line (of a family)
attaque	French word for "seizure."
às horas	Portuguese word for "at o'clock."
pleurisy	An inflammation of two sacs in the chest called the pleura that could produce a hacking cough or sometimes a sharp pain.
far	Father
au même endroit	French word for "at the same place."
smedsdräng	Apprentice smith, smith's henchman
adoptovaný	Czech word for "adopted."
admission record	A record created when an individual became a member of a church or a particular congregation.
ágyból származó	Hungarian word for "legitimacy status."
lönskaläge	Illicit relations between unmarried persons
nattvard	The Holy Communion
all'uopo	Italian word for "to this end."
afschrift	Dutch word for "extract, duplicate record, transcript, certified copy."
armut	German word for "poverty."
archivi di stato	Italian word for "state archives."
achtzig	German word for "eighty."
indelningsverket	Allottment system (the old system of organizing and financing the Swedish armed forces)
amministratore	Italian word for "steward, manager."
ahnen	German word for "ancestors."
à cet endroit	French word for "in this place."
açúcar	Portuguese word for "sugar."
atque	Latin word for "and."
adolescens	Latin word for "young man, adolescent."
chlorate	nbsp· chloride
ambt	Dutch word for "office."
chippie	nbsp· chippings
avioero	Finnish word for "divorce."
annotazioni	Italian word for "annotations."
afdeling	Danish word for "part, division, portion."
automatic kalashnikov rifle	invented by Soviet soldier and small arms designer Mikhail Kalashnikov and first adopted in 1947; the term "kalashnikov" was not used until 1970) An type of rifle or sub-machine gun of Soviet Union and used in most Eastern bloc countries during the Cold War
amogliato	Italian word for "took a wife."
imiabozhie	Imyaslavie, Imyabozhie; also referred as Onomatodoxy (Russian: имяславие) (Russian "those who glorify the name")
adoptált	Hungarian word for "adopted."
dinner dress	The dinner hour during the first part of the century was an afternoon rather than an evening function, five or six o'clock, at which a hat was worn with low dress.
affiché	French word for "posted (on door)."
achtentwintig	Dutch word for "twenty-eight."
stadsfiskal	Public prosecutor
chirography	nbsp· chiropody
visiting card	The calling card with one's name on it that one left when paying a call.
arpenteur	French word for "surveyor."
asutuksen yleisluettelo	Finnish word for "general register of inhabitants."
archives	French word for "archive."
avons	French word for "(we) have."
trädgård	Garden
április	Hungarian word for "April."
båtsman	Seaman/deck hand (Navy personal provided by the Allotment System)
clubs	The great refuge of the middle and upper class male in London in the 1800's
avondmaal	Dutch word for "communion, sacrament."
achtentwintigste	Dutch word for "twenty-eighth."
chirpy	nbsp· chiv
agterkleinseun	Afrikaans word for "great-grandson."
après	French word for "after."
ái	Icelandic word for "ancestor."
aardrykskundige woordeboek	Afrikaans word for "gazetteer."
skräddarmästare	Master tailor
borough	A town that had been granted certain rights of self-government by the Crown so that typically, it had a mayor, aldermen, and council elected by the freeman or burgesses.
alhier	Dutch word for "here, at this place, locally."
appivanhemmat	Finnish word for "parents-in-law."
association of professional genealogists	An organization for professional genealogists.
adoptado	Spanish word for "adopted."
ancestral	Portuguese word for "ancestor."
ahenarius	Latin word for "coppersmith."
drottning	Queen
aatto	Finnish word for "eve."
ascii	A type of data format for computers
släktforskning	Genealogy
foolscap	Paper, generally about thirteen by seventeen inches in dimensions, some varieties of which at one time bore a watermark of a fool's cap and bells.
bonnet	An obligatory outdoor head covering for all women in the first part of the century.
apud	Latin word for "at the house of, at, by, near."
alle ore	Italian word for "at the hour."
akta zgonów	Polish word for "death records."
apelido	Portuguese word for "name, nickname."
ægteskapsbryder	Danish word for "adulterer."
fjärdingsman	Parish constable (UK) / Sheriff's Deputy (US) A fjärdingsman was a deputy and didn't have the right to act in police matters on his own
aussi	French word for "also, as, since."
hovrättsråd	Judge of appeal
alumni directory	A list of the names and addresses of people who graduated from a school, university, or other educational facility.
approuvé	French word for "approved."
anual	Portuguese and Spanish word for "annual."
anime	Italian word for "parish census."
adoption record	A record of the legal proceedings in which the rights, privileges, and duties of caring for a child are transferred from the natural parent(s) to another individual or couple.
krigsfånge	Prisoner of war
albero genealogico	Italian word for "pedigree."ays accurate.
barn	Children
chopfallen	nbsp· chopper
årsak	Norwegian word for "cause, reason."
adotado	Portuguese word for "adopted."
aquí	Portuguese and Spanish word for "here."
hereditary prince	in some European countries, the title given to the heir to the throne.
statare	Agricultural labourer receiving allowance (payment) in kind
au dessus	French word for "over."
avgangen	Norwegian word for "departed."
auszug	German word for "extract."
apenas	Portuguese word for "only."
assinatura	Portuguese word for "signature."
skomakare	Shoemaker
annen gang	Norwegian word for "second time."
allora	Italian word for "then."
council of national economy	usually translated as "Regional Economic Council") (historical) An organization of the former Soviet Union to manage a separate economic region.
alutarius	Latin word for "tanner."
apparu	French word for "appeared."
akuszerka	Polish word for "midwife."
adresse	Danish and Norwegian word for "address."
krig	War
kontrakt/prosteri	Rural deanery (Church)
advenit	Latin word for "he appeared, came."
abild	Old word for æble = 'Apple'
amigo	Portuguese and Spanish word for "friend."
acte de décès	French word for "death record."
administration	A legal document appointing a person to supervise the distribution of an estate belonging to a person who died intestate (without a will)
präst	Clergyman, Vicar (UK), Parish Minister. Priest (catholic)
gig	A one horse carriage, light with only two wheels that became fashionable in the early 1800's as a modest all purpose country cart, sort of the Model T Ford of its day.
abitazione	Italian word for "home, residence."
abinde	Latin word for "since."
admon	A legal document appointing a person to supervise the distribution of an estate belonging to a person who died intestate (without a will)
aldea	Spanish word for "village."
avioliiton ulkopuolella	Finnish word for "illegitimate, out of wedlock."
sjukdom	Disease
achtundzwanzig	German word for "twenty-eight."
egendomsägare	Owner of a property / estate
appraiser	An individual who determines the value of property
gesäll	Journeyman
aftægt	Contractual support to a former owner/copyholder and his wife, now pensioned, from the successor on the farm.
agricoltore	Italian word for "farmer."
abuela materna	Spanish word for "maternal grandmother."
tzar	Csar, and Zar (Russian: царь) (English pronunciation [zar]; Russian pronunciation is [ʦarʲ]) (Russian tsar from Latin Caesar "hairy").
salic law	1) a medieval law, thought to derive from the code of law of the Salian Franks, prohibiting a woman from succeeding to a throne
accelerated indexing systems	A private company that published indexes to various United States censuses and other records.
riddarhuset	The House of Nobility
avioliitto	Finnish word for "marriage."
aderton	Swedish word for "eighteen (eighteenth)."
sjömän	Seamen, Sailors
anglican communion	An international group of loosely organized, self-governing churches whose doctrines and practices are based on the Church of England
svenska/swedish	Engelska/English
acheter	French word for "to buy."
anoppi	Finnish word for "mother-in-law."
squire	In the 19th century, simply a term of courtesy for a member of the gentry whose family had lived for generations in an area and who had tenant farmers on his property.
fotsoldat	Foot soldier
pawnbroker's	a business that lends money with a valuable object (frequently jewellery) as collateral
amanhã	Portuguese word for "tomorrow."
asma	Afrikaans, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish word for "asthma."
autem	Latin word for "but, however, moreover."
admiral	A high-ranking officer in the navy or coast guard
aubergiste	French word for "innkeeper."
æðislegur	Icelandic word for "in panic."
áttatíu	Icelandic word for "eighty."
military-religious orders	also equestrian or crusading orders; religious orders of chivalry, such as the Order of the Hospital and the Order of the Temple, founded in the Middle Ages for the defence of pilgrims or the care of the sick.
menig	Private soldier
aliens' register	A document created during the Report and Registry process that listed all immigrants who reported to a local court to register their arrival in the United States.
argief	Afrikaans word for "archive."
asmi	Icelandic word for "asthma."
appi	Finnish word for "father-in-law."
århundre	Norwegian word for "century."
advokaat	Afrikaans word for "advocate, lawyer."
farbror	Uncle (father's brother)
austriaco	Italian word for "Austrian."
altare	Latin word for "altar."
avunculus	Latin word for "uncle (mother's brother)."
bec-de-corbin	type of war-hammer used in Europe in the 14th and 15th centuries; pick-like head was fitted with a spear like point for thrusting; normally mounted on a wooden haft with metal reinforcing bands extending down from the head.
alsace emigration index	An index of people who emigrated from or through Elsaß-Lothringen (Alsace-Lorraine) between 1817 and 1866
auswanderer	German word for "emigrant."
aeger	Latin word for "sick."
agglegény	Hungarian word for "bachelor."
ägare	Owner / proprietor (An older Swedish spelling is: Egare).
medborgerligt förtroende	[one's] civil (civic) rights
abitante	Italian word for "inhabitant."
släktforskningslitteratur	Literature on Genealogy
author/title search	A type of search available in the microfiche version of the Family History Library Catalog™
anders genoemd	Dutch word for "alias, also known as."
állami	Hungarian word for "civil, state."
moster	Aunt (mother's sister)
aftægtsmand	Former owner/copyholder, now pensioned, who receives contractual support from his successor on the farm
kyrkogård/begravningsplats	Cemetery
anyakönyv	Hungarian word for "register of births, marriages, and deaths; church book; parish register."
rödsot	Dysentry
alaikäinen	Finnish word for "minor, underaged."
ancora	Italian word for "yet, still."
bröllop	Wedding
avoir	French word for "to have."
äkta	Swedish word for "legitimate."
släktföreningar	Family Societies
prins	Prince
andarteppa	Icelandic word for "croup."
årtionde	Swedish word for "decade."
ambos	Portuguese and Spanish word for "both."
æsing	Icelandic word for "inflammation, agitation."
avus	Latin word for "grandfather."
äiditön	Finnish word for "motherless."
ålderman	Alderman
alla nascita	Italian word for "time of birth."
asua	Finnish word for "live, reside."
krigsmakten	The armed forces
valuta	Currency
shades	A popular parlour game, played by drawing the outline of a person's head
chloride	nbsp· chlorine
ág	Hungarian word for "branch, line."
avant-hier	French word for "the day before yesterday."
aangiften	Dutch word for "intentions (marriage), declarations."
chiropractor	nbsp· chirp
äktenskapsbrott	Adultery
aetate	Latin word for "(being) in the age of, age."
avant-veille	French word for "two days before."
auparavant	French word for "former."
adultério	Portuguese word for "adultery."
átján	Icelandic word for "eighteen."
administración	Spanish word for "administration."
kung	King
klart skepp	General quarters (naval term)
prosteri/kontrakt	Rural deanery (church)
assessment roll	A list of property owners, the value of their property, and the amount in taxes each owner owes.
award books	Records of land grants given to settlers in Hawaii between 1836 and 1855.
lysning	Bann
akte	Dutch word for "certificate, deed, license."
fideikommiss	Entailed estate
mews	Mew comes from the Latin mutare, meaning 'to change' and the mews were the place in London where the king's hawks were at one time confined while they molted or 'changed.' The royal stables then replaced the hawk's lair and thereafter any lane or open area where a group of stables was situated was referred to as a mews.
archive	A place where institutions such as governments, businesses, and churches keep their records and official documents
alfarero	Spanish word for "potter."
äidinisä	Finnish word for "grandfather (maternal)."
aus	German word for "from, out of."
assisted emigrants register	A record of people who applied for assistance to emigrate to a new country.
andtäppa	Swedish word for "shortness of breath, asthma."
adjuvenis	Latin word for "assistant."
absque	Latin word for "without, except."
á morgun	Icelandic word for "tomorrow."
appointment to public office	The act of assigning, as opposed to electing, an individual to serve in a government position.
andvana fæddur	Icelandic word for "stillborn child."
addendum	A portion of the International Genealogical Index® that contains the names acquired since the main file was published.
almisselem	Norwegian word for "indigent, poor."
skräddare	Tailor
gaul	the Roman name for the western European region containing France, Luxembourg, Belgium, parts of Switzerland, northern Italy, and the Netherlands
ava materna	Italian word for "maternal grandmother."
födelseort	Place of birth
third wrangler	Wrangler is the designation bestowed upon those mathematics students at Cambridge who achieved a first-class honours degree (the highest distinction upon graduation)
chips	nbsp· chiropractic
hack	A hack was a general purpose riding horse, but a "Hackney Coach" might be called simply a hack as an abbreviated form of the name.
atto di nascita	Italian word for "birth certificate."
carriage	A generic term for a vehicle that carried people rather than goods, with the additional connotation of being used by the well-to-do
american civil war	The war with the highest casualty rate in the history of the United States
annuaire	French word for "directory."
night-gaunt	black, winged creatures with horns, clawed hands and a long barbed tail
adressbok	Swedish word for "directory."
aratore	Italian word for "plowman."
ayer	Spanish word for "yesterday."
lagman	Chief judge in court of law
boroughs	The word borough derives from the Saxon word burh meaning a fortified settlement
trolovad	Engaged to be married
allhier	German word for "in this place."
attende	Danish and Norwegian word for "eighteenth."
avvocato	Italian word for "lawyer."
alcunha	Portuguese word for "name."
aanneming	Dutch word for "confirmation."
mantalsskriven	Registred for tax/census purposes
ascesso	Italian word for "abscess."
ägare	Swedish word for "owner."
religion	Religion
upper	In a large household the upper servants had more seniority than the servants below them and in the case of the butler and the housekeeper the right to order all the other around
advogado	Portuguese word for "lawyer."
åtte	Norwegian word for "eight."
állapot	Hungarian word for "status, civil status, condition."
morbror	Uncle (mother's brother)
adopterad	Swedish word for "adopted."
aviopari	Finnish word for "married couple."
målsman	Guardian
beväring	Conscript (soldier), recruit
gods	Estate, Manor
aposentado	Portuguese word for "retired."
árva	Hungarian word for "orphan."
anche	Italian word for "also."
árbol genealógico	Spanish word for "genealogical tree."
andiamo	Italian word for "right away, immediately."
bouppteckningsdokument	Probate records / estate inventory
alacsony	Hungarian word for "short."
akta zejsc	Polish word for "death records."
född	Born
almindelig	Common (abbreviation: 'alm.').
ante meridiane	Italian word for "before noon."
a reçu	French word for "has received."
angol	Hungarian word for "English."
auswanderung	German word for "emigration."
chiropractic	nbsp· chiropractor
angola	A term used in Brazilian Catholic Church registers to describe an African from Angola
arvsskifte	Distribution of an inherited estate
algerie	French word for "Algeria."
måg	Son in law
állás	Hungarian word for "occupation, condition."
bonde	Farmer
agonia	Latin word for "cramps."
archief	Dutch word for "archive."
adultère	French word for "adulterer."
biskop	Bishop
anførte	Norwegian word for "entered, mentioned."
kunglig	Royal
antigo	Portuguese word for "old, ancient."
berm	The flat space between the base of the curtain wall and the inner edge of the moat.
duel	Killing a man in a duel was murder in England but until the 1840's it was a rarely convicted crime
adjoint du maire	French word for "mayor's assistant."
archív	Czech word for "archive."
reticule	Little bag in which ladies carried their personal toilet articles and the like when the tight, thin muslin dresses with no pockets made it impossible to carry any personal effects actually on their person.
accipio	Latin word for "to take, receive, take possession of."
af	Icelandic word for "by."
avdeling	Norwegian word for "part, division."
almissebod	Alms house.
au	French word for "at the, in the."
släkten högman	The Högman Family
albergatore	Italian word for "innkeeper."
alfaiate	Portuguese word for "tailor."
altro	Italian word for "other, else."
avo materno	Italian word for "maternal grandfather."
annonsere	Norwegian word for "publish, announce."
frånskild	Divorced
battlement	A narrow wall built along the outer edge of a castle's wall walk to protect the soldiers from attack.
ava paterna	Italian word for "paternal grandmother."
antal	Danish word for "number, count."
arrivo	Italian word for "arrival, immigration."
pin money	An allowance given to a woman upon her marriage frequently bargained for explicitly as part of the marriage settlement between the families of a prospective husband and wife to be spent on small household items or for personal adornment.
abogado	Spanish word for "lawyer."
ágyrajáró	Hungarian word for "lodger."
svensk adel	Swedish nobility
apoplexia	Latin word for "stroke."
asystencya	Polish word for "assistance."
ács	Hungarian word for "carpenter."
ægtabarn	Icelandic word for "legitimate child."
abcesso	Portuguese word for "abscess."
ainda	Portuguese word for "still."
arrendamiento	Spanish word for "rent."
ægteviet	Danish word for "married."
chipper	nbsp· chirography
bastion	A small tower located either at the end of a castle's curtain wall or in the middle of the outside wall.
admon with will	A record granting the right to administer an estate when the executor named in the will is deceased or unwilling or unable to act as executor.
a cagione di	Italian word for "because of."
ancillus	Latin word for "male servant."
äldste	Swedish word for "oldest, eldset, elder."
annegato	Italian word for "drowned."
dombok	Court records (court of law)
affinità	Italian word for "relationship."
choir	nbsp· chokecherry
hyde park	Located in the West End, the 388-acre park was the most fashionable in London and was where the cream of London society promenaded on their horses to see, to be seen and gossip
yrke	Occupation, profession
fregatt	Frigate
rådman	District court judge
alatt	Hungarian word for "under, before, during."
lunik	Lunnik (from Russian luna meaning "Moon") A series of robotic spacecraft missions sent to the Moon by the Soviet Union between 1959 and 1976.
svåger	Brother-in-law
skattefrihet	Exemption from land dues to the crown
spinnsidan	The distaff side (of a family)
ältest	German word for "eldest."
chambers	Law offices.
abgestorben	German word for "deceased."
achttiende	Dutch word for "eighteenth."
hembygdsgård	Local history center (US) / Village hall (UK) / Community centre
orlovssedel	In former days employees weren't normally employed until further notice but for 1 year at a time
ball	A dance, usually of some size and grandeur
augustus	Dutch and Latin word for "August."
chord	nbsp· chore
äidinäiti	Finnish word for "grandmother (maternal)."
aujourd'hui	French word for "today."
ogham	Was a form of Irish writing used between the 4th century and the 8th century
politesse	nbsp· knightliness
chiropody	nbsp· chirpy
alulirott	Hungarian word for "undersigned."
alderdomssvaghed	Danish word for "weakness from old age."
apríl	Icelandic word for "April."
skild	Divorced
army	The branch of a nation's armed forces that is trained to fight on land.
arm	German word for "poor."
årlig	Danish, Norwegian and Swedish word for "yearly, annual."
åtti	Norwegian word for "eighty."
archidiaconus	Latin word for "archdeacon."
arcularius	Latin word for "carpenter."
afgangne	Danish word for "departed."
anspänner	German word for "farmer."
abjectarius	Latin word for "cabinetmaker, woodworker."
appelé	French word for "named."
auxentium	Latin word for "Alsace."
lantarbetare	Peasant
arkiv	Danish and Swedish word for "archive."
sconce	A candlestick with a screen hung from a wall.
apostolisch	German and Dutch word for "Apostolic."
alité	French word for "bedridden."
furir	Sergeant
ancestral file™	A computer file containing names and often other vital information (such as date and place of birth, marriage, or death) of millions of individuals who have lived throughout the world
afgangsliste	Danish word for "moving-out record."
aikakauskirja	Finnish word for "periodical."
agricultural schedule	A list in the 1850 to 1880 censuses that contains information on farms and the names of farmers.
anterior	Portuguese and Spanish word for "former, previous."
acht	German and Dutch word for "eight."
accusato	Italian word for "accused, charged."
ælder	Danish word for "elder."
fattighus	Workhouse/poorhouse
außerehelich	German word for "illegitimate."
benefit of clergy	A privilege enjoyed by members of the clergy, placing them beyond the jurisdiction of secular courts.
landsarkiven	Regional/Provincial archives
åndsvag	Danish word for "mentally deficient."
basilica	rectangular building used as a meeting hall.
aveux	A French word for oaths
ava	Latin word for "grandmother."
assembly of god	The largest Pentecostal religion in the world
mor	Mother
advocaat	Dutch word for "notary, lawyer."
syskon	Sibling / Brothers and sisters
adoptive parents	Parents who legally assume responsibility for the rights and privileges of a child not born to them
klockare	Parish clerk
purgatory	In the Roman Catholic belief system a space or condition in which the soul is housed while it is cleansed of venial sins prior to entrance into heaven.
avioliittoasiakirjat	Finnish word for "marriage documents."
anzitutto	Italian word for "first of all, initially."
ale	Polish and Czech word for "but."
århundrade	Swedish word for "century."
longobard succession	inheritance of property, such as a landed estate, by all legitimate sons of a vassal or other feudatory.
murare	Bricklayer
åttiede	Norwegian word for "eightieth."
annuel	French word for "annual, yearly."
heraldry	1) the history, art and study of coats of arms;
chive	nbsp· chives
aby	Polish and Czech word for "so that."
aposentadoria	Portuguese word for "retirement."
skatt	Tax
alt-katholisch	German word for "old Catholic."
by	Village
apprentice	An individual, usually a child, who was legally bound to the master of a trade to work for the master and learn the trade
állapota	Hungarian word for "status of."
appraisement	The estimated value of property.
azok	Hungarian word for "they."
amministrazione	Italian word for "administration."
stadsarkiv	City Archives
signore	1) Italian title of courtesy placed before a man's name, formerly employed as an address for a nobleman of the rank of this denomination introduced into Italy by the Normans (see seigneur)
anno	Italian and Norwegian word for "year."
abs	Latin word for "from, by."
statssekreterare	Under-secretary of State
chink	nbsp· chintzy
áar	Icelandic word for "ancestors."
ambo	Latin word for "both, two together."
återvänd	Swedish word for "returned."
affinitas	Latin word for "relationship by marriage."
anno incarnationis	Latin word for "in the year (since/of) the incarnation (of the Lord)."
chocolate	nbsp· chocolaty
carrack	In the 15th century the cog was replaced by a much more advanced type of ship - the carrack
armorum	Latin word for "of coats of arms."
abolished	Done away with, discontinued.
arma	Latin word for "coat of arms."
artificer	A mechanic in the British military who makes and repairs machinery.
amtmann	Norwegian word for "chief county administrator."
ahí	Spanish word for "there."
aquel	Spanish word for "that."
släktforskning	Genealogical research
fiskare	Fisherman
arbetare	Swedish word for "worker, laborer."
chlamydia	nbsp· chlorate
ancestral file™ number	A number used to identify each record in Ancestral File.
barnhus	Orphanage
andlega vanheill	Icelandic word for "mentally deficient, weak-minded."
altera die	Latin word for "on the next day."
son	Son
dödsboken	Death records
abbiamo	Italian word for "we have."
akta urodzin	Polish word for "birth records."
arquivo	Portuguese word for "archive."
archiv	German word for "archive."
föräldrar	Parents
administrator	An individual appointed by a court to settle a deceased individual's estate if that individual did not leave a will.
är	Swedish word for "are, is, am."
infanteri	Infantry
sveriges riksdag	The Swedish Parliament
arid	Dry, lacking in water, a desert.
demesnial	1) in a monarchy, traditional term for property pertaining to the royal demesne rather than to feudatories
armoiries	French word for "coat of arms."
austriacki	Polish word for "Austrian."
äldre	Swedish word for "older, elder."
mästersmed	Master smith
gesällprov	Qualifying piece of work for an apprentice to become a journeyman in a guild
albarazado	A term used in Catholic church registers to describe a person from Spanish-speaking Latin America whose ancestry is a mix of Indian and Caucasian
änka	Swedish word for "widow."
acta	Portuguese and Spanish word for "record, document."
adúltero	Portuguese and Spanish word for "adulterer."
american	A person from the Western Hemisphere (North and South America)
crest	decorative hereditary symbol or device placed upon the helm in a coat of arms.
äktenskap	Swedish word for "marriage."
ålder	Swedish word for "age."
alcalde	Spanish word for "mayor."
abjurations	French word for "renunciations of Protestant faith."
avec	French word for "with."
aetas	Latin word for "age."
agtiende	Afrikaans word for "eighteenth."
borgmästare	Mayor
skomakarmästare	Master shoemaker
állandó	Hungarian word for "permanent."
agosto	Italian and Portuguese word for "August."
värnplikt	National service (mil.)
hereditary knight	a knight by hereditary right, such as the Knight of Glin, the Knight of Kerry, or the various Italian cavalieri ereditari, whose rank does not derive from association with an order of chivalry, but is nonetheless distinguished from the British rank of knight bachelor.
absterben	German word for "to die, to die off."
antepassado	Portuguese word for "ancestor."
anne lea nicholson collection	A collection of documented family group records prepared by Anne Lea Nicholson
aamulla	Finnish word for "in the morning."
flyttbetyg	Removal certificate
apótekari	Icelandic word for "pharmacy."
almisse	Danish and Norwegian word for "charity."
stad	City or town
avocat	A French term for lawyer.
pastorsexpedition	Parish office
antepasado	Spanish word for "ancestor."
apa	Hungarian word for "father."