Glossary extracted starting with manual seeds, with PTM for the domain mat and language EN
| relation | Any set of ordered pairs |
| chance | a probability expressed as a percent |
| plane | An infinite expanse of points in two dimensions. |
| minima | The plural of minimum |
| 1 | √1 |
| parent function | Most basic function shared in a family |
| relation | pairing of unput and output values |
| two-dimensional | takes two coordinates to find position of a point on a plane |
| associative axiom for addition | (a+b)+c=a+(b+c) |
| formula | Something that relates quantitites to calculate things |
| foil | A method for multiplying binomials |
| application | n |
| two dimensions | A plane has Two Dimensions |
| arithmetic series | an = a₁ + (n-1)d |
| x-intercept | line crosses x-axis -(x,0) -let y=0 to solve for x |
| substitution method | solve on equation, substitute first variable, substitute that variable into the next equation, solve |
| addition property of inequalities | If a ≤ b, then a + c ≤ b + c |
| variable | A letter that is used to represent a number or numbers |
| population standard deviation | σx |
| csc²θ | 1 + cot²θ = |
| variable | a quantity that can assume any of a set of values |
| coefficient | number in front of a variable |
| trial | a random action or series of actions |
| rate | A ratio that compares two quantities meausured in different units |
| rational numbers | any number that can be expressed as a fraction |
| set builder notation | uses the propertied of the elements in a set to define the set |
| range | set of output values |
| area | the surface enclosed within a closed plane figure; the measure of the surface, expressed in equivalent square units, such as square inches. |
| element | one of four substances thought in ancient and medieval cosmology to constitute the physical universe |
| slope formula | m = (y (sub 2) - y (sub 1))/(x (sub 2) - x(sub 1)), difference of the y's over the difference of the x's |
| point-slope formula | y - y(sub1) = m(x - x(sub 1)) |
| area of a triangle | 1/2 ab sinC |
| interior | Interior means within or "in-between." |
| compound interest | When the Time Value of Money generates interest and that interest is added to the principal to increase the amount of money to which subsequent interest is added, this is Compound Interest. |
| positive | Real values are Positive when they are greater than zero. |
| additive identity property | a+0=a |
| symmetric poe | If a = b, then b = a |
| formula | mathematical sentence that expresses the relationship between certain quantities |
| combinations | groupings in which the order of members does not matter |
| axiom | Accepted without proof (unlike a theorem), an axiom is readily understood and regarded as fact. |
| absolute value function | Which parent function is f(x) = lxl? |
| relation | a mapping or pairing of input values with output values |
| congruent | identical in all characteristics |
| horizontal hyperbola | (x-h)²/a² - (y-k)²/b² = 1 |
| common difference | D |
| identity property of multiplication | The Identity Property of Multiplication says that multiplication of a real value by one (or division by one) will not change the value. |
| extreme values | the highest and lowest numbers in a set |
| subset | a set whose elements all belong to another set |
| sample standard deviation | Sx |
| interval | The space or region between two defined values is an Interval. |
| 0 | 0² |
| rate | a mathematical way of relating two quantities, which usually are measured in different units |
| function | A relation in which, for each first coordinate, there is exactly one corresponding second coordinate |
| like radical terms | radical terms having the same radicand and index. |
| unit rate | in which the 2nd quantity in the comparison is one unit |
| quartic function | can have 3 turning points |
| representative sample | a sample that has the same characteristics as the whole population being studied |
| outcome | a result of a trial |
| y-intercept | the y-corrdinate of a point where the line crosses the y-axis |
| side | border or face of an object |
| scale drawing | a drawing that uses a scale to represent an object as smaller or larger than the original object |
| equivalent | equal in value |
| tan | sinθ/cosθ |
| cos | cosx cosy-sinxsiny |
| function notation | f(x)= |
| formula | a rule for the relationship between certain quantities |
| particular solution | A solution to a differential equation with all constants evaluated |
| corresponding | in similar relation to |
| slope | the change in y over the change in x m y1-y2 over x1-x2 rise over run |
| quadratic function | Parabola, U shape, y = x2 (make y and x chart) |
| problem | 1 |
| identity | Adding a 0, and multiplying by 1 - it does nothing |
| constant term | a quantity whose value does not change |
| associative property of addition | (ab)c = a (bc) *Grouping doesn't effect the answer |
| multiplication poe | If a = b, then ac = bc |
| property of opposite products | -ab = b(-a) -ab = (-a)b |
| multiplicative identity property | a*1=a |
| 1 | 1² |
| reflection | A transformation that "flips" a figure over a mirror or reflection line. |
| sales tax | a percent of the cost of an item that is charged by governments to raise money |
| modelling | method of producing a mathematical description to help solve practical problems |
| symmetry | if x=y then y=x |
| rate of change | a comparison of how much one quantity changes, on average, relative to the change of another quantity |
| dependent variable | a variable that depends on one or more other variables |
| focus | (h, k + (1/4a)) |
| view | one of six different multiview projections |
| multiplication property of -1 | a(-1)=-a |
| focus | (h + (1/4a), k) |
| rotational symmetry | the ability of a figure to map onto itself after a partial turn about its centre |
| scale drawing | an enlarged or reduced drawing similar to an actual object or place |
| randomly chosen | This means that no particular rule was used to choose a person |
| period | Measured in time, or angle, or even sometimes distance, the Period of a repetitive function is the time (or angle or distance) it takes to complete a cycle. |
| remainder | the amount left over when one number is divided by another |
| determinant | a square array of numbers or variables enclosed between two parallel lines |
| slope triangle | rise over run creates a ____________ |
| indirect measurement | A method of measurement that uses formulas, similar figures, and/or proportions |
| inverse property | a+(-a)=0=(-a)+a |
| subtract from output | translate graph down |
| what's i^2? | -1 |
| infinity | That without bound; limitless. |
| finite set | a set with a definite number of elements |
| identity property of addition | a+0=a=0+a |
| sin | sinx cosy+cosx siny |
| sample space | We often use Sample Space to designate all the possibilities of potential outcomes for an event or process. |
| domain | Everything X can be |
| a parabola | What shape does a quadratic function make when graphed? |
| substitution | What would be better in this situation (substitution or elmination)? 3w+2d=192, d=2w-13 |
| associative axiom for multiplication | (ab)c=a(bc) |
| proof | An ingredient in pudding. |
| function notation | an equation in the form of 'f(x)=' to show the output value of a function, f, for an input value x |
| cot | 1/tanθ |
| relation | the relationship between variables that change together |
| definition of division | a/b = a * 1/b b does not = 0 and ab E R |
| extraneous solution | an apparent solution that must be rejected because it does not satisfy the original equation |
| relation | A set of pairs of input and output values |
| literal equation | An equation that contains two or more variables |
| area of a rectangle | A=lw |
| absolute value function | A function of the form f(x)=|mx+b|+c |
| straight line appreciation | used when property or collectibles increase in value |
| system of equations | two or more equations with the same variables |
| proof | a logical reasoning from hypothesis to conclusion |
| commission | money paid to a person or company for making a sale |
| commutative property of multiplication | ab = ba *Order of numbers/variables doesn't effect the answer |
| bivariate data | data that involves a relationship between two measures |
| definition of subtraction | a-b=a+-b |
| function: | a relation in which each element of the domain maps to exactly one element of the range |
| origin | the point of intersection of coordinate axes |
| division | x-y=x*1/y |
| or | key word of disjunctions |
| sec²θ | 1 + tan²θ = |
| open sentence | a mathematical sentence, equation or inequality, that contains at least one variable |
| normalize | We might Normalize data by culling errors |
| perpendicular lines | Their slope is opposite reciprical |
| weighted average | the sum of the product of the number of units and the value per unit divided by the sum of the number of units, represented by M |
| hypothesis | the part of a logical statement that provides the premise on which the conclusion is based—In a statement "If x then y," the hypothesis is x. |
| substitution property | if a=b, then a may be replaced by b and b may be replaced by a ex: if (4+5)m=18, then 9m=18 |
| eccentricity | A parameter of conic sections |
| rate | A ratio in which the units of the quantities being compared are different |
| compression | pushing points towards y-axis |
| annulus | a ring; the area bounded by two concentric circles |
| area of a triangle | A=1/2bh |
| identity | As opposed to a conditional statement that is sometimes true, an Identity will always be true |
| locus of points | the set of all points that satisfy a given condition |
| domain | set of all inputs, x coordinates of the ordered pairs |
| absolute value function | a function written in the form y = /x/, and the graph is always in the shape of a v |
| elevation | drawing to scale of a 3-D object as seen from the side (front, rear, left or right) |
| inverse | equals 0 |
| square root | If x^2 = y |
| subset | Every set is a Subset of itself |
| dependent variable | the other variable in a function, usually y, whose values depend on x |
| relation | set of ordered pairs |
| irrational numbers | numbers such as √12, √52 (non-repeating, not rational) |
| add to output | translate graph up |
| moment | Moment takes on many meanings in statistics and physics. |
| point-slop form | y-y1=m(x-x1) |
| arbitrary unit | A unitor measure that is not part of the standardized metric or US Customary systems |
| law of cosines | c²=a²+b²-2ab(cosC) |
| event | a collection of possible outcomes, often describable using a common characteristic, such as rolling an even number with a die or picking a card from a specific suit |
| partial sum | Sn |
| law of sines | (Sin A)/a = (Sin B)/b = (Sin C)/ c |
| multiplication property of 0 | if xy=0 then x=0 or y=0 |
| principle root | √16 = 4← |
| negative property | b^-n= 1/(b^n) |
| equation | mathematical statement that two expressions are equivalent |
| compound interest formula | A = P(1 + r/n)^(n x t), r is the rate, n is the number of times compounded, t is time |
| associative property of addition | (a + b) + c = a + (b + c) *Grouping doesn't effect the answer |
| identity property of multiplication | (a)(1)=a=(1)(a) |
| column matrix | Consists of one column |
| domain | The set of possible values for the first coordinate of a function |
| line plot | a # line labeled with a scale that includes all the data and xs above each data point for each time it occurs |
| plan | drawing to scale of a 3-D object as seen from above |
| quadratic polynomial | a polynomial of the second degree |
| intercept form | Quadratic equation written as y=a(x-q)(x-p) |
| dependent events | two or more events for which the occurrence of one affects the probability of the other(s) |
| equivalent statements | Statements that have the same truth value. |
| ratio | Sometimes Ratio is meant to state a constant proportion |
| velocity | Formally a vector in physics, Velocity has both magnitude (speed) and direction. |
| binomial: | a polynomial containing exactly two unlike terms |
| identity matrix | [1/0 0/1] |
| parameter | a determining or characteristic element; a factor that shapes the total outcome; a limit, boundary |
| sin | ±√(1-cosx)/2 |
| rate | a ratio that compares two quantities measured in different units |
| formula | equation that relates two or more quantities, usually represented by variables |
| solution of an equation | a value or values that make the equation true |
| values of a variable | what the variable could symbolize |
| associative property of multiplication | (ab)c=a(bc) |
| permutation | A counting method that determines the number of ordered arrangements there are when a certain number of objects are selected from a given set. |
| convenience sampling | an easily accessible group of people is chosen, and everyone in that group is surveyed |
| multiplicative inverse axiom | a(1/a)=1 |
| logic | the study of the rules of reasoning |
| variables | symbols |
| frequency | how often a piece of data occurs |
| principal | an amount of money borrowed or invested |
| vertex | The point in a function where the function reaches a min or a max |
| rational zeros theorem | Finding the rational (not irrational) zeros of a polynomial function: |
| output | y |
| disjunction | x ≤ -2 or x ≥ 3 |
| rotation | Movement in a circulation or circular fashion, often around a point or an axis, is termed Rotation. |
| symmetric axiom of equality | if a=b, then b=a |
| odds | The likelihood or probability of an event or specific outcome is termed the Odds of the event occurring |
| roster notation | finite: {8,9,12} a definite # of elements |
| area of a triangle | one half base times height |
| tangent | for an acute angle in a right triangle, the ratio of the opposite side to the adjacent side; abbreviated as tan (CHAPTER 11 FLASHCARDS) |
| vlt | vertical line test |
| right angle | a ninety degree angle |
| cos | cosx cosy+sinx siny |
| algebraic equation | an equation containing a variable. Example: |
| similar | two figures that have the same shape, but not necessarily the same size |
| addition property of equality | if a = b, then a + c = b + c |
| multiplication property | 1 |
| geometric sum | Sn = (a₁-a₁rⁿ) / (1-r) |
| slope formula | y1-y2 / x1-x2 |
| table of values | -chose x values -substitute x -slove for y -plot points -connect lines |
| hypothesis | In a biconditional statement the hypothesis is followed by a conclusion |
| inconsistent | No solutions, parellel (don't intersect) |
| vertical stretch | which transformation occurs in the graph of f(x) = -3lxl? |
| arccosine | the inverse of y = cos x, written as x = arccos y |
| order of operations | Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally |
| proportion | an equation or other statement that indicates that two ratios equal |
| ratio | a comparison of two numbers by division |
| slope | The ratio of the vertical change to a corresponding horizontal change |
| cos2x | cos²x-sin²x |
| invariant | Constant |
| sampling methods | A method for selecting people or items from a population for a survey |
| multiplication by negative one | -1⋄ a = - a |
| stem and leaf plot | a system where you separate data into 2 numbers that are used to form a stem and leaf |
| additive inverse property | a+(-a)=0 |
| constant ratio | A Ratio that a has constant value |
| variable | a symbol used to represent a number (a, x, y) |
| indirect masurement | a method of measuring an object by that is difficult to measure |
| weak | correlation when data points are loosely packed |
| random | unable to be predicted with certainty |
| compound interest | interest earned or charged on an amount of money and added to the principal to earn or charge more interest in the following year |
| calculator | n |
| compound event | an event with more than one outcome |
| identity property | a + 0=a a times 1 = a 0 + a = a 1 times a = a |
| subset | symbol: c definition: a part of a set including the set itself, all elements, and zero |
| subtraction | an operation that tells the difference between two numbers or how many are left when some are taken away. |
| tree diagram | a diagram that shows the choices or random outcomes from multiple elements, using branches for each new element |
| division poe | If a = b and c ≠ 0, then a/c = b/c |
| opposite/additive inverse | -a is the opposite/additive inverse of a |
| parent | simplest function form in a set that forms a family |
| composite number | Composite Numbers relate to positive integers that are not prime |
| perimeter | The distance around the boundary of a two-dimensional shape. |
| work | The physics term for the amount of energy required to move an object over a given path subject to a given force. |
| proper subset | A set that is a subset of a given set and not identical to the given set is a Proper Subset of the given set. |
| distance formula | d = √((x₂-x₁)² + (y₂-y₁)²) |
| cross products | in a proportion a/b=c/d the products are ad=bc |
| commutative property of addition | a + b = b + a *Order of numbers/variables doesn't effect the answer |
| limit | the number that the output gets closer to the specific x coordinate |
| slop of a line | -change in y is the differnece in y coordinates (vertical change) -change in x is diffrence in x coordinates(horizontal change) -slop is the same of any 2 points |
| non-linear equation | Any equation that is not a linear combination of a variable and its derivatives |
| angle of rotation | the number of degrees (usually 90°, 180°, or 270°) through which a figure is turned either clockwise or counterclockwise about a point called the turn centre |
| example interval notation | (-infinity, 2) or [-2, +infinity) |
| stretch | What happens when a parent function is multiplied by a value less than one? |
| closure property | a∈W, b∈W then a+b∈W |
| solution of an inequality | a number that produces a true statement when it is substituted for the variable in an inequality |
| arc | a continuous portion (as of a circle or ellipse) of a curved line |
| complex numbers | form of a+bi, a and b are real i is equal to sqrt of -1 |
| distributive | 2(4x-3) = 8x - 6 |
| change-of-base formula | There is an easy way to change the bases between logarithms |
| dependent variable | The variable, usually y, whose values make up the range |
| reflexive axiom of equality | a=a, x=1 |
| solving absolute value inequalities | GOLA; Greater than - OR, Less than - AND |
| quadratic function | can have 1 turning point |
| octant | As we have four quadrants in the rectangular plane, we have eight Octants in rectangular space |
| similar | having the same shape, but not the same size |
| a^12 | (a^2)^6 |
| negative correlation | y decreases as x increases |
| multiplicative inverse | 1/x=(x*1/x=1) |
| 10 | ³√1,000 |
| product property | a^m *a^n= a^m+n |
| hypothesis | a statement that is given or assumed to be true |
| arithmetic mean | What we generally consider to be the average |
| vertical-line test | Used to determine whether the relation has at least one element of the domain paired with more than one element of the range |
| uniform | Constant and unchanging; fixed. |
| inverse property of addition | a+(-a)=0=(-a)+a |
| inverse property of addition | a + (-a) = 0 *Answer is ALWAYS 0 because you add by the opposite |
| compound inequalities | two inequalities joined by the word "and" or the word "or" |
| algebraic expressions | Minimum of a variable |
| property | a special quality of something |
| discrete | a set of elements that are disconnect such as the set of integers |
| inverse variation | indirect variation -power of two number is a constnat -xy=k -x1=y2(partners are diagonal) -x1/x2=y2/y1 |
| hyperbola asymptotes | y = ± (a/b)x |
| scale | the ratio of any length in a scale drawing to the corresponding actual length |
| symmetry | Having a like but reversed profile or image (a mirror image) about a line is having the quality of Symmetry about the axis (of Symmetry). |
| point | A location in space with no physical size |
| transitive property of equality | For all real numbers a, b, and c, if a=b and b=c, then a=c |
| octagon | An eight-sided polygon. |
| variance | (Standard Deviation)2 |
| 7 | √49 |
| slop intercept form | y=mx+b -b is the y-intercept |
| discrete pattern | a pattern made of separate and distinct values or objects |
| closed circle | (graphing) greater than or equal to/less than or equal to |
| median-fit line | a particular type of line of fit |
| table of solutions | constructed by choosing several values of x and finding the corresponding values of y |
| definition of division | a ÷ b = a/b = a ⋄ 1/b, b≠0 |
| difference | the answer to a subtraction problem (CHAPTER 1 FLASHCARDS) |
| disjunction | has "or" -ex |
| math | The grammar of size (amount), shape, and/or order |
| zero property | (ab)^0= 1 |
| net pay | The amount of money that an employee earns after all of the deductions are made from the gross pay |
| f notation | same as y= |
| jump | A step within a function is sometimes termed a Jump. |
| locus | a set of points that satisfies a certain condition |
| congruent | equal; exactly the same (size, shape, etc.). Two figures are congruent when one is the image of the other under a reflection or composite of reflections |
| exterior angles | the angles outside the parallel lines |
| cos | 1/secθ |
| revolution | complete turn |
| cos | ±√(1+cosx)/2 |
| temperature formula | F=9/5C+32 |
| slope intercept form | y=mx+b |
| sequence | a list of numbers in a particular order. |
| and | key word of conjunctions |
| sample | A group of items selected at random from a larger group for research |
| sequence | Informally, any series is a Sequence |
| negative correlation | one set of data decreases as the other set of data increases |
| domain | x-coordinates, input |
| percent change | the ratio of the amount of change to the original amount expressed as a percent |
| formula | an equation that relates two or more quantities, usually represented by variables |
| open sentence | an equation with one or more variables |
| radicant | number under the radical |
| subjective judgement | using intuition or one's own perception to influence a decision |
| system of equations | a collection of linear equations invoking the same set of variables |
| finite set | a set with a definite, or finite, number of elements. |
| matrix multiplication | To multiply two matrices: the number of columns in the first matrix must match the number of rows in the second matrix. |
| slope-intercept form | y=, an equation written in the form y=mx+b is in slope-intercept form |
| means | Two inside quantities of a proportion. |
| set | a collection of items, called elements. |
| like terms | Same variable, same exponent |
| direct variation | y=kx |
| diameter | segment formed form two points on the circumference containing the centre of the circle |
| dozen | Dozen is another word for twelve. |
| series | Most often a sequence of terms to be summed |
| domain | the set of all possible inputs of a function which allow the function to work |
| open circle | (graphing) greater than/less than |
| parent function | The simplest function in a family; all functions in the family are transformations of it |
| radical | A root symbol or the root itself is sometimes termed a Radical. |
| additive inverse axiom | a+-a=0 |
| empty set | a set with no elements. |
| mapping diagram | used to show how a function assigns to each member of the domain exactly one member of the range |
| revolutions per minute | Abbreviated "rpm" it conveys the number of complete circular rotations that occur every 60 seconds at some constant rate of revolution. |
| vertical parabola | y = a(x-h)² + k |
| conjunction | a compound statement that uses the word and |
| logical argument | a series of statements, each verifiable as true, that lead to a conclusion |
| straight line depreciation | used when aging equipment declines in value |
| sector | the interior points of a circle bounded by an arc and two radii |
| radical symbol | the symbol used to denote a root |
| corollary | a theorem that c an be proved easily from another theorem |
| solution/root | any value of the variable that makes an open sentence true |
| identity property of multiplication | aX1=a, 1Xa=a |
| linear function | can be written as y=mx+b where m and b are constants (x has to be to the first power) |
| slope | the ratio of the vertical and horizontal changes between two points on a surface or a line |
| correlation | A measure of the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables or data sets |
| inverse property | a + (-a) = 0 a times 1/a = 1 |
| replacement | restoring a random situation back to its original state after performing an action |
| natural numbers | 1,2,3.. |
| foil | 1 |
| quotient property | (a^m)/(a^n)= a^m-n |
| integers | symbol: Z definition: any counting number that is positive or negative including 0 |
| whole numbers | 0,1,2,3.. |
| absolute value | the value of a number without regard to its sign |
| substitute | replace part of an expression with a number or other expression |
| reflexive property of equality | a = a |
| postulate | A far-reaching conjecture or sense of reasoning for which an obvious and substantive base appears most reasonable. |
| line of fit | a line that closely approximates a set of data |
| similar figures | two figures that have the same shape but not the same size |
| percent | Literally, per hundred. |
| reflection | Flip over X or Y axis |
| range | set of all outputs, y coordinates of the ordered pairs |
| supplement | 180-x |
| tessellate | A planar pattern of repeating geometric shapes is a Tessellation; to produce these shapes is to Tessellate. |
| transitivity | x=y and y=z then x=z |
| pythagoras | a Greek philosopher and mathematician who lived in the 6th Century BC |
| directrix | x = h- (1/4a) |
| continuous compounding | A = Pe^(rt) |
| power of a quotient | (a/b)^m= (a^m)/(b^m) |
| variable | a symbol that represents an unknown value |
| 343 | 7³ |
| parallel lines | Same slope |
| infinite series sum | S = a₁ / (1-r) |
| cubic | f(x)= x^3 D: (-∞, ∞) R: (-∞, ∞) |
| multiplication by zero | 0 ⋄ a = 0 |
| definition of cosine | cosθ = x |
| slope-intercept form | y=mx+b |
| values | numbers that one substitutes for the variable |
| row matrix | Consists of one row |
| piecewise function | A function that is written using two or more expressions |
| additive inverse for matrices | Mr |
| triple | As a verb, Triple means to multiply by three |
| unit rate | a rate in which the second quantity in the comparison is one unit |
| correlation coefficient | denoted by r |
| frequency | How often (or frequently) does something occur? That is its Frequency |
| rational function | f(x)=x/x+3 |
| associative property of addition | (a+b)+c=a+(b+c) |
| cylindrical shell | A method for volumetric calculations especially for rotated bodies around an axis |
| point-slope form | y-y1 = m(x-x1), where m is the slope and (x1,y1) is the point the line is passing through. |
| length of latus rectum | |(1/a)| |
| cylinder | in general, a cylinder is the locus of (i.e |
| whole numbers | {0,1,2,3...} |
| unit rate | a rate that tells how many of one item is being compaired to 1 of another item |
| commutative axiom for addition | a+b=b+a |
| regression | the statistical study of the relationship between two variables |
| evaluate funtion | replace the x and calculate y -f(x) is the same as y |
| what is a circle? | The set of all points (x, y) that are equidistant from a fixed point called the center. |
| line of best fit | The line that comes closest to all of the points in a data set |
| solid line | ≤ or ≥ |
| formula of tangent | TOA: Opposite over adjacent |
| 1 | sin²θ + cos²θ = |
| graph | a point on a number line that is paired with a real number |
| power property | (a^m)^n= a^m*n |
| function | relation in which the domain is never repeated |
| half-life | When some entity experiences exponential decay (reduction or diminution) the times it takes to lose half of its size (or strength) is its Half-Life. |
| multiplication property of -1 | -1*x=-x |
| additive inverses | A number and it's opposite. |
| domain | input or X |
| tip | an amount of money added to a bill for service |
| distance formula | d=rt |
| precision | The quality of finer measurement or estimation is termed Precision. |
| set | collection of items called elements |
| permutations | groupings in which the order of members matters |
| open sentence | a mathamatical sentence containing one or more variables |
| intercept form | x/a + y/b=1 |
| scale factor | a factor used to produce a similar object |
| commutative | changes order, but the statement remains the same |
| continuous compound interest formula | It's possible to compound interest monthly, daily, and in the limiting case, continuously, meaning that your balance grows by a small amount every instant. |
| one-to-one function | a function in which the x- and y-values can NOT repeat. |
| trichotomy property | aka the property of order for any two real numbers a and b, exactly one of the following is true: ab |
| outcome | A specific event is often termed an Outcome. |
| arctangent | the inverse of y = tan x, written as x = arctan y |
| monomial | A single term. |
| strict inequality | A Strict Inequality does not include an "or equal to..." |
| function | a kind of relation in which one variable uniquely determines the value of another variable |
| mathematical sequence | an ordered list of numbers or objects |
| commutative axiom for multiplication | ab=ba |
| factor | 1 |
| relationship | the association between, or property of, two or more objects |
| empty set | Set containing no elements |
| square matrix | A Square Matrix has the same number of rows as columns. |
| commutative property of multiplication | ab=ba |
| solution | Replacement that makes a sentence true |
| interest | the amount of money charged for borrowing money or the amount of money earned when saving or investing money |
| csc | 1/sinθ |
| zero | neither positive nor negative |
| vertical translation | change the y-values to their opposite |
| subtraction property of inequalities | If a ≤ b, then a - c ≤ b - c |
| point slope form | Y-Y1=m(x-x1) |
| directrix | y = k- (1/4a) |
| commutative property of multiplication | (a)(b)=(b)(a) |
| identity axiom of addition | a+0=a |
| axis | In physics, a line about which a body rotates |
| 8 | ³√512 |
| point slope form | y-y1 = m(x-x1) |
| real numbers | All of the numbers that you use in everyday life |
| infinite set | A set having an unlimited number of members |
| conclusion | When mathematical conclusions are valid the laws of math and science have been adhered to, and a logical approach has been taken |
| inspection | visual study |
| addition poe | If a = b, then a + c = b + c |
| path | another name for locus |
| spheroid | An oblate sphere |
| scale | the ratio of any length in a drawing to the corresponding actual length |
| element | a value in a set or matrix; also called an entry. |
| direct variation | When two variables are related in such a way that the ratio of their values always remains the same, the two variables are said to be in direct variation |
| system of equations | a collection of 2 or more equations containing the same set of variables |
| multiplicative property of 0 | a*0 = a 0*a = 0 |
| grouping symbols | ( ) [ ] or ---- (division bar) |
| maximum | A highest value |
| variable | A Variable is a symbol, most often a letter, to represent a quantity that may change value, that is literally to vary in its value. |
| best fitting line | A line closest to all data points |
| inverse property of addition | a+(-a)=0 |
| remainder | A value that is left over when one number is divided by another. |
| quadratic formula | x = -b ± √(b² - 4ac)/2a |
| extremes | The greatest and the least value of a set of data |
| congruent figures | figures that have the same size and shape |
| equation in two variables | an equation that contains two variables |
| open sentence | a mathematical sentence containing one or more variables |
| phase shift | This applies to sinusoids moved left or right by a change to the argument (the angle). |
| multivariate | Having more than one variable |
| addition property of equality | if x=y, then x+a=y+a |
| family of graphs | group of graphs that displays one or more similar characteristics |
| scale model | a 3-dimensional model that is similar to a 3-dimensional object |
| inflection | On the graph of a function, a point of Inflection is where the curve begins to "bend the other way." |
| correlation coefficient | a statistic representing how closely two variables co-vary; A measure that determines the degree to which two variable's movements are associated |
| perpendicular | slope = - reciprocal |
| reflexive poe | a = a [*Reflexive sounds like reflection] |
| absolute value function | F(x)=|x| |
| independent events | two or more events for which the occurrence of one does not affect the probability of the other(s) |
| transformation | changes the position size or shape of the figure . |
| discrete values | values that change in increments (not continuously) |
| output | the dependent variable of a function—output is determined by input |
| dependent variable | the output variable in an equation in two variables; in y=3x+5, the __________ is y |
| dependent variable | a factor that can change in an experiment in response to changes in the independent variable |
| table | an orderly arrangement of facts or figures in rows or columns |
| scale model | a three-dimentional reproduction of an item that has been reduced or increased in size proportionally |
| power | a product of equal factors |
| identity axiom of multiplication | a(1)=a |
| log a^c | c log a |
| arcsine | the inverse of y = sin x, written as x = arcsin y |
| subtraction property of equality | if a = b, then a - c = b - c |
| slope | ratio of rise over run |
| linear | f(x)= x D: (-∞, ∞) R: (-∞, ∞) |
| average | the sum of the values, divided by the number of values |
| identity property of multiplication | a ⋄ 1 = a, 1⋄ a = a *a value is never changed |
| element of a set | item in a set |
| golden ratio | The ratio of the length of a golden rectangle to its width |
| conjunction | - 3 ≤ x and x ≤ 4 |
| definition of subtraction | a - b = a + (-b) |
| rate | a ratio of a and b where a and b represent quantities measured in different units |
| unbounded feasible region | when the feasible region is not closed |
| direct variation | A linear function defined by an equation of the form y=kx (k is not 0) |
| formula | a literal equation that states a rule for a relationship among quantities |
| conversion factor | the ratio of two equal quantities, each measured in different units |
| restriction on domain | 1 |
| zero matrix | a matrix in which every element is zero |
| inductive hypothesis | The assumption that a statement is true for some positive integer, k |
| negative | one of the numbers ..., -3, -2, -1 |
| substitution | an expression that can be replaced by another expression that represents the same value |
| ordered pairs | representation of data |
| base | in a power, the factor |
| transitive property of equality | if a = b and b = c, then a = c |
| point-slope form | y-y1=m(x-x1) |
| substitution property of equality | If a=b, then a may be replaced by b and b may be replaced by a |
| volume | amount of space occupied for a 3-D objects |
| power of a product | (ab)^m= a^m*b^m |
| translation | a transformation that is represented by a sliding motion with no turns or other motions |
| composite function | g(f(x)) -replace the x in g(x) with the function f to get a new function |
| multiplication property of equality | if a = b, then ac = bc |
| after | Something that is after is behind in place, subsequent to in time or order. |
| joint variation | involves three or more variables(direct variation) |
| regression | the process of using one variable to predict another |
| integrand | The function that undergoes integration is the Integrand. |
| translation | shifting or sliding a function up, down, left, right |
| point-slop form | y-b=m(x-a) |
| identity property | a+0=a=0+a |
| mode | the most frequently observed value of the measurements in the sample |
| add | To combine two or more quantities to find one quantity called a total or sum. |
| literal equation | an equation involving two or more variables |
| factor | The verb Factor is the act of dividing some entity into components or pieces that, when multiplied together, produce the given entity |
| mapping | shows how each member of the domain is paired with each member of the range |
| infinite set | unlimited, or infinite number of elements. |
| range | y-coordinates, output |
| difference | the result of subtracting one number from another 2 is the difference of 8-2 |
| domain/replacement set | the set that the variable belongs to (whole, natural rational sets...) |
| order of operations | PEMDAS |
| real numbers | all numbers we use in everyday life |
| glide reflectional symmetry | A type of symmetry in which there is a glide reflection that allows mapping a figure onto itself. |
| area of a trapezoid | A=1/2(b1+b2)h |
| what is the discriminant? | b^2 minus 4ac |
| ratio | a comparison of 2 numbers or quantities |
| model | mathematical description used to solve a problem |
| identity | a statement that equates two equivalent expressions |
| function | Every input has exactly 1 output |
| ray | a half-line beginning at one point and continuing to infinity |
| quadratic function | Which parent function is f(x) = x²? |
| horizontal translation | change the x-values to their opposite |
| definition of sine | sinθ = y |
| standard form | ax+by=c |
| transitive property of inequalities | If a ≤ b and b ≤ c, then a ≤ c |
| slope | the ratio of the change in vertical units to the change in horizontal units of any two points on a line (rise/run) |
| sin | 1/cscθ |
| absolute value function | V shape Y = IxI (make y and x chart) |
| variable expression | An expression that contains a variable. |
| cubic function | can have 2 turning points |
| geometric sum | Sn = a₁(1-rⁿ) / 1-r |
| dependent variable | The output of a function |
| point slope form | y-y1 =m(x-x1 ) |
| natural logarithm | The base of the Natural Logarithms is e, approximately 2.718 |
| order of operations | 1 |
| subtraction poe | If a = b, then a - c = b - c |
| hyperbola asymptotes | y = ± (b/a)x |
| inverse operations | operations that undo or cancel one another, such as addition/subtraction and multiplication/division |
| complementary angles | angles whose sum is 90° (CHAPTER 9 FLASHCARDS) |
| exponential growth | When an established quantity gains value and increases by some constant percentage over some constant period of time it is considered to experience Exponential Growth. |
| random experiment | An activity whose outcome can't be predicted when the activity is repeated under essentially the same conditions. |
| variable | symbols used to represent unknown quantities x, y |
| parent function | The simplest function in a group of functions with common characteristics |
| knot | A knot is a unit used to measure the speed of a ship |
| natural numbers | also called counting numbers, the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, … |
| function | a rule that assigns to each value one variable |
| real numbers | symbol: R definition: any number that is not imaginary |
| dimension | the size of the matrix |
| sin2x | 2(sinx)(cosx) = |
| sec | 1/cosθ |
| elimination | What would be better in this situation (substitution or elmination)? 3w+d=14, 3w-2d=9 |
| area | The area of a region is the number of square units it contains. |
| scale model | a three-dimensional model that uses a scale to represent an object as smaller or larger than the actual object |
| unique field number | only that number has the properties |
| imaginary unit | "i" is called the imaginary unit |
| y-y1=m | point slope form |
| commutative property of addition | a+b=b+a |
| conjunction | a sentence formed by joining two sentences with the word AND |
| function | for every input there is ONE unique output |
| parallel | same slope |
| function notation | replacing the y with the symbol f(x) |
| rise | vertical change between two points |
| independent variable | an outcome or event whose value or probability does not depend on another outcome or event |
| trend | relationship between two sets of data |
| reflexive property | for any real numbera: a=a ex: -7+n=-7+n |
| inverse property of multiplication | aX(1/a)=1, a = 0 |
| work | Equivalent to energy, Work is the product of force and distance. |
| independent variable | variable that is changed in an experiment |
| an=a1+d | Arithmatic series |
| extraneous solution | A solution that doesn't satisfy the original equation |
| whole numbers | symbol: W definition: any counting number that is positive or negative excluding 0 |
| finite set | has a definite, or finite, number of elements |
| inverse variation | Variables or factors that multiply to a constant value are said to be in a relation of Inverse Variation. |
| tan | 1/cotθ |
| axiom | a statement that is assumed to be true; also called postulate |
| distributive property | a(b + c) = ab + ac |
| no solution | The answer to a contradiction is: |
| probability | The likelihood of an event or particular outcome is its Probability |
| opposite | additive inverse; the ______ of any number "b" is "−b" |
| definition of division | a/b=a(1/b) |
| origin | In one dimension: (0) |
| single lines | a system with infinite solutions |
| quadratic | f(x)= x^2 D: (-∞, ∞) R: [0, ∞) |
| y-intercept | where the line crosses the y axis |
| surface area | the sum of the the areas of the faces of a 3-dimensional figure |
| equal | 2 matrices that are exactly the same |
| scale factor | the ratio of the lengths of the sides of the image to the lengths of the sides of the original figure |
| infinitesimal | Infinitely small is Infinitesimal, so tiny that it occupies no space |
| distributive property | a(b+c)=ab+ac |
| 4 | 2² |
| measures of central tendency | #s that represent the middle value in a set of data |
| multiplication property of equality | if x=y, then xa=ya |
| solid | A three-dimensional geometric figure or body that includes the interior region. |
| arithmetic sum | Sn = (n/2)(a₁ + an) |
| range | the set of all possible outputs of a function |
| noninvertible | Chiefly a term for matrices, literally unable to be inverted. |
| disjunction | a compound statement that uses the word or |
| vertical hyperbola | (y-k)²/a² - (x-h)² /b²= 1 |
| approximation | A mathematical quantity that estimates a desired quantity. |
| compound inequality | has word and/or in it |
| sum | the number resulting from addition |
| cos2x | 1-2sin²x |
| inverse variation | y=k/x |
| dependent variable | Y |
| function notation | f(x)=mx+b |
| variable | symbol, usually letters, used to represent unknown quantities |
| mapping | Shows how each member of the domain is paired with each member of the range |
| 5 | √25 |
| standard form | Ax + By = C |
| distributive property for subtraction | a(b - c) = ab - ac |
| orientation | the direction the named points in an image change go (clockwise or counterclockwise) |
| interval notation | the symbols [ and ] are used to include an endpoint in an interval, and the symbols ( and ) are used to exclude an endpoint from an interval |
| point-slope form | Y2-Y1=m(x2-x1) |
| perpendicular lines | Negative reciprocal |
| subscript notation | to distinguish between the coordinates of the points we use ___________ |
| surface | the boundary of a 3-D figure. |
| symmetric property of equality | if a = b, then b = a |
| object | starting point of geometric shape (also called initial shape) |
| proportional | In a (constant) ratio. |
| height | Altitude |
| theorem | a statement that can be proved |
| perspective | the different views of an object - top, bottom, side, front |
| linear equations | Represents a linear function |
| subset | a set whose elements all belong to another set. |
| table | Another way of saying times tables. |
| region | a part of a plane |
| expansion | - a size change where k is greater than 1 |
| boundary | A line that separates the coordinate plane into three sets of points: the points on the line; the points below the line. |
| conjunction | A sentence formed by joining two open sentences by the word and. |
| deductive reasoning | a form of logical thinking that uses generalizations to draw specific conclusions based on a series of logical steps, deductive reasoning may use rules, laws, and theories to support or justify a conjecture |
| spiral | Sometimes Spiral is used to describe a helix |
| function | A special type of relation in which each element of the domain is paired with exactly one element from the range |
| cos2x | 2cos²x-1 |
| accuracy | Accuracy is how close a numerical measure is to its actual value. |
| range | The set of possible values for the second coordinate of a function |
| upsilon | Upsilon is the 20th letter of the Greek alphabet. |
| disjunction | a sentence formed by joining two sentences with the word OR |
| 8 | √64 |
| subset | a set whose members are members of another set |
| relation | any pairing of an input(domain) with the output(range). |
| element | one individual number/unit in a set |
| parent function | simplest function defining characteristics of the family |
| 2-intercept form | x y - + - = 1 a b a= x-intercept b = y-intercept |
| composition of functions | f ( g(x)) means that function g is the input to function f |
| discount | an amount by which an original price is reduced |
| parametric equation | In a general sense, we have a Parametric Equation when we define something in specific terms of something else. |
| sin | sinx cosy-cosx siny |
| transitive poe | If a = b and b = c, then a = c |
| perimeter of a rectangle | P=2l+2w |
| the input variable | is independent (may have its value freely chosen regardless of any other variable values) |
| literal equation | an equation involving two or more variables, an equation involving two or more variables |
| inverse property of multiplication | If a does not equal 0, then (a)(1/a)=1=(1/a)(a) |
| range | Everything Y can be |
| substitution axiom | equal quantities may always be substituted for one another |
| equal | When two things are equal they are exactly the same in number, quality, or amount. |
| percent | a ratio having 100 as its second term |
| area of a circle | A= r(pi)r |
| markup | the amount by which a wholesale cost is increased |
| domain | the set of first coordinates of the ordered pairs of a relation. |
| constant | a term that does not contain a variable |
| principal | An amount, typically money, upon which the time value of money (accumulation of an added percentage over a defined time) generates interest is termed Principal. |
| horizontal | Horizontal comes from orientation like the horizon; parallel to the "flat" surface of the earth; perpendicular to vertical. |
| multiplicative property of -1 | a*-1 = -a -1*a = -a |
| cot | cosθ/sinθ |
| one-to-one function | a function where each element of the range is paired with exactly one element of the domain. |
| numeral expression | a symbol or group of symbols used to represent a number |
| one-to-one function | a function where each element of the range is paired with exactly one element of the domain |
| cross products | in the statement a÷b = c÷d bc and is this. |
| slope | the ratio of the change in y-coordinates to the corresponding change in x-coordinates |
| complement | 90-x |
| element | Element has a lot of meanings |
| point slope form | y-y₁=m(x-x₁) |
| extended proportion | An extended proportion is when three or more ratios are equal. |
| input | x |
| horizontal parabola | x = a(y-k)² + h |
| inverse variation | As one quanity increases, the other one decreases |
| attribute | A characteristic of an object, such as color, shape, size, etc |